PHP front intro pv9j 0 # Introduction à Philippiens\n\n## Partie 1 : Introduction générale\n\n### Aperçu du Livre des Philippiens\n\n1. Salut, action de grâce et prière (1:1-11)\n2. Rapport de Paul sur son ministère (1, 12-26)1. \n3. Instructions\n - Être inébranlable (1:27-30)\n - Être uni (2:1-2)\n - Être humble (2:3-11)\n - Travailler à notre salut, Dieu agissant en vous (2:12-13)\n - Être innocent et être une lumière (2:14-18)\n1. Timothée et Épaphrodite (2:19-30)\n1. Mise en garde contre les faux enseignants (3:1-4:1)\n1. Instruction personnelle (4:2-5)\n1. Réjouissez-vous et ne soyez pas anxieux (4:4-6)\n1. Remarques finales\n - Valeurs (4:8-9)\n - Le contentement (4:10-20)\n - Salutations finales (4:21-23)\n\n### Qui a écrit le livre aux Philippiens ?\n\nPaul a écrit le livre aux Philippiens. Paul était de la ville de Tarse. Il avait été connu sous le nom de Saul dans sa jeunesse. Avant de devenir chrétien, Paul était pharisien. Il a persécuté les chrétiens. Après être devenu chrétien, il a voyagé plusieurs fois à travers l'Empire romain pour parler de Jésus.\n\nPaul a écrit cette lettre alors qu'il était en prison à Rome.\n\n### De quoi parle le Livre des Philippiens ?\n\nPaul a écrit cette lettre aux croyants de Philippes, une ville de Macédoine. Il l'a écrite pour remercier les Philippiens du cadeau qu'ils lui avaient envoyé. Il voulait leur dire comment il allait en prison et les encourager à se réjouir même s'ils souffrent. Il leur a écrit aussi au sujet d'un homme nommé Épaphrodite. C'est lui qui a apporté le cadeau à Paul. Lors d'une visite à Paul, Épaphrodite est tombé malade. Alors, Paul a décidé de le renvoyer à Philippes. Paul a encouragé les croyants de Philippes à accueillir et à être gentils avec Épaphrodite à son retour.\n\n### Comment traduire le titre de ce livre ?\n\nLes traducteurs peuvent choisir d'appeler ce livre par son titre traditionnel, "Philippiens". Ou ils peuvent choisir un titre plus clair, tel que "La lettre de Paul à l'Église de Philippes" ou "Une lettre aux chrétiens de Philippes". (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n## ## Partie 2 : Concepts religieux et culturels importants\n\n### Comment était la ville de Philippes ?\n\nPhilippe, le père d'Alexandre le Grand, a fondé Philippes dans la région de Macédoine. Cela signifiait que les citoyens de Philippes étaient également considérés comme des citoyens de Rome. Les habitants de Philippes étaient fiers d'être citoyens de Rome. Mais Paul a dit aux croyants qu'ils sont citoyens du ciel (3:20).\n\n## Partie 3 : Questions importantes relatives à la traduction\n\n### L'usage des pronoms "tu" et "vous"\n\nDans ce livre, le mot, "je", fait référence à Paul. Le mot, "vous", est presque toujours au pluriel et désigne les croyants de Philippes. L'exception à cette règle est 4:3. (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] et [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])\n\n### Qui étaient les "ennemis de la croix du Christ" (3:18) dans cette lettre ?\n\nLes "ennemis de la croix du Christ" étaient probablement des personnes qui se disaient croyantes, mais qui n'obéissaient pas aux commandements de Dieu. Ils pensaient que la liberté en Christ signifiait que les croyants pouvaient faire ce qu'ils voulaient et que Dieu ne les punirait pas (3:19).\n\n### Pourquoi les mots "joie" et "se réjouir" sont-ils souvent utilisés dans cette lettre ?\n\nPaul était en prison lorsqu'il a écrit cette lettre (1:7). Même s'il souffrait, Paul a dit à plusieurs reprises qu'il était joyeux parce que Dieu avait été bon pour lui par Jésus-Christ. Il voulait encourager ses lecteurs à avoir la même confiance en Jésus-Christ. (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])\n\n### Que veut dire Paul par les expressions « en Christ », « dans le Seigneur », etc. ?\n\nCe genre d'expression se produit dans 1:1, 8, 13, 14, 26, 27 ; 2:1, 5, 19, 24, 2
PHP 1 intro kd3g 0 # Philippiens 1 : Notes générales\n\n## Structure et mise en forme\n\nPaul inclut une prière au début de cette lettre. À cette époque, les chefs religieux commençaient quelquefois les lettres informelles par une prière.\n\n## Concepts particuliers de ce chapitre\n\n### Le jour du Christ\n\nCela fait probablement référence au jour du retour du Christ. Paul a souvent lié le retour du Christ à la motivation d'une vie pieuse. (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://fr/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])\n\n## Autres difficultés de traduction possibles dans ce chapitre\n\n### Paradoxe\n\nUn paradoxe est une affirmation vraie qui semble décrire quelque chose d'impossible. Cette déclaration au verset 21 est un paradoxe : « mourir est un gain ». Au verset 23, Paul explique pourquoi cela est vrai. ([Philippiens 1:21](../../php/01/21.md))
PHP 1 1 xk9z translate-names Παῦλος καὶ Τιμόθεος 1 Paul and Timothy Ce sont des noms d'hommes. (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
PHP 1 2 uuep translate-blessing χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη 1 Grace to you and peace C'est une salutation et une bénédiction courantes que Paul utilise souvent au début de ses lettres. Utilisez une forme dans votre langue qui indique clairement qu'il s'agit d'une salutation et d'une bénédiction.
PHP 1 3 ntp5 ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ μνείᾳ ὑμῶν 1 in all my remembrance of you L’expression **dans tout mon souvenir de vous** pourrait signifier : (1) Paul remerciait Dieu chaque fois qu'il pensait aux chrétiens de Philippes. Traduction alternative : "chaque fois que je pense à vous" (2) Paul remerciait Dieu pour les bonnes choses dont il se souvenait à propos des chrétiens de Philippes. Traduction alternative : "à cause de tout ce que je me rappelle de vous".
PHP 1 5 bca2 ἐπὶ τῇ κοινωνίᾳ ὑμῶν εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἡμέρας ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν 1 Ici, **parce que** pourrait se référer à : (1) la raison pour laquelle Paul rend grâce à Dieu. Traduction alternative: "Je rends grâce à Dieu à cause de votre association à l’Évangile du premier jour jusqu’à maintenant" (2), raison de la joie de Paul.
PHP 1 5 yi9l translate/figs-explicit] τῇ κοινωνίᾳ ὑμῶν εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον 1 because of your fellowship in the gospel L’expression, **votre communion dans l'Évangile** fait référence au partenariat des chrétiens philippiens avec Paul dans les diverses choses impliquées dans la propagation de l'Évangile. Si c'est plus clair dans votre langue, vous pouvez l'indiquer plus explicitement. Traduction alternative: "votre participation avec moi à l'avancement de l'Évangile" ou "votre partenariat avec moi pour travailler à la propagation de la bonne nouvelle concernant Jésus" (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 5 vi1r figs-explicit ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἡμέρας ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν 1 L'expression **depuis le premier jour** pourrait signifier : (1) le moment où les chrétiens philippiens ont cru pour la première fois à l'évangile que Paul leur avait prêché. (2) L'époque à laquelle Paul a prêché l'évangile pour la première fois à Philippes. Traduction alternative: "depuis le moment où je vous ai prêché l'évangile pour la première fois jusqu'à maintenant" (Pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 6 s1l8 figs-explicit πεποιθὼς αὐτὸ τοῦτο 1 having been persuaded L'expression **ayant été persuadé** indique la raison pour laquelle Paul remercie Dieu. Si ce serait plus clair dans votre langue, vous pouvez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative : "La raison pour laquelle je remercie Dieu est parce que je suis confiant de cette chose même" (Pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 6 jf4x ὁ ἐναρξάμενος 1 the one having begun Ici, **l’un** se réfère à Dieu. S’il était plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative: «Dieu a commencé»
PHP 1 6 u80a figs-explicit ὅτι ὁ ἐναρξάμενος ἐν ὑμῖν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν 1 L'expression **bon travail en vous** se réfère à la fois à la conversion initiale des chrétiens philippiens et à l'œuvre continue de Dieu dans leur vie, à travers l'œuvre du Saint-Esprit, après qu'ils aient cru en Jésus pour la première fois. Si ce serait plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative: "que Dieu, ayant commencé son bon travail en vous par votre conversion et le travail continu du Saint-Esprit" (Pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 6 p2a5 figs-explicit ἐπιτελέσει 1 Ici, **la rendra parfaite** signifie que Dieu mènera à son terme l'œuvre qu'il a commencée dans la vie des chrétiens philippiens lors de leur conversion et qu'il accomplissait actuellement par le Saint-Esprit. Si ce serait plus clair dans votre langue, vous pouvez le dire explicitement. (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 6 p5pu figs-explicit ἡμέρας Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 L'expression **le jour de Jésus-Christ** fait référence au temps futur où Jésus-Christ reviendra pour juger le monde et sauver ceux qui croient en lui. Si ce serait plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative: "le temps où Jésus-Christ reviendra" (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 7 sowf figs-idiom τὸ ἔχειν με ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμᾶς 1 I have you in my heart La phrase, **Je vous ai dans mon cœur** est une expression qui exprime une forte affection. Si vous avez une expression équivalente qui communique correctement le sens, vous pouvez l’utiliser ici. Sinon, vous pouvez le dire en langage simple. Traduction alternative: "Je t’aime beaucoup" (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 7 jn2s συνκοινωνούς μου τῆς χάριτος…ὄντας 1 being partakers with me of grace Autre traduction: "partager en grâce avec moi"
PHP 1 7 7Oef figs-metonymy δεσμοῖς 1 Paul se réfère à son emprisonnement à Rome en utilisant l'expression **mes chaînes**. Paul a été enchaîné à un gardien en prison et les chrétiens philippiens auraient compris que Paul faisait référence à son emprisonnement lorsqu'il a utilisé l'expression **mes chaînes** en raison de l'étroite association entre **chaînes** et être en prison. Si cette association n'est pas claire dans votre langue, vous pouvez utiliser une expression équivalente ou un langage simple. Traduction alternative: "mon emprisonnement". (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 8 xun1 figs-idiom ἐν σπλάγχνοις Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 in the bowels of Christ Jesus Le mot grec traduit par **parties intérieures** est un terme qui fait référence aux organes du corps, en particulier aux intestins, au foie, aux poumons et au cœur. Paul utilise **parties intérieures** au sens figuré pour désigner l'amour ou l'affection. Vous pouvez utiliser la partie du corps qui représente le siège de l'affection dans votre langue, ou utiliser le sens ordinaire. Traduction alternative : "avec le cœur de Jésus-Christ" ou "avec l'affection de Jésus-Christ" (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 9 l2jl figs-metaphor περισσεύῃ 1 would abound Paul parle de l'amour comme s'il s'agissait d'objets que les gens pourraient obtenir en plus grande quantité. Traduction alternative: "peut augmenter" (pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 9 l1cy figs-explicit ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 in knowledge and all understanding Ici, **compréhension** fait référence à la compréhension de Dieu. Vous pouvez l'énoncer clairement. Traduction alternative: "à mesure que vous apprenez et comprenez davantage ce qui plaît à Dieu" (pour plus d'information voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 10 e17g δοκιμάζειν 1 may approve Il s'agit d'examiner les choses et de ne prendre que celles qui sont bonnes. Traduction alternative: "peut tester et choisir"
PHP 1 10 s4ec τὰ διαφέροντα 1 what excels "ce qui plaît le plus à Dieu"
PHP 1 10 siv8 figs-doublet εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι 1 pure and blameless Les mots **pur** et **irréprochable** signifient fondamentalement la même chose. Paul les combine pour souligner la pureté morale. Traduction alternative: "complètement irréprochable" (Pour plus d'information voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 1 11 lu5n figs-metaphor πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 being filled with the fruit of righteousness that is through Jesus Christ Ici, l'expression **être rempli de** est une métaphore signifiant être occupé à faire quelque chose. L'expression **le fruit de la justice** est une métaphore qui fait référence au sens figuré à ce qui caractérise une personne, à savoir ce qu'une personne produit. Cette métaphore est une comparaison entre un bon arbre qui produit de bons fruits et une personne qui est remplie de justice et produit de bonnes actions en conséquence. Ainsi, avec ces deux métaphores, Paul dit aux Philippiens de s'occuper à faire de bonnes actions. Si cela n'est pas clair dans votre langue, vous pouvez le dire clairement. Traduction alternative: "remplir vos vies avec les bonnes actions qui sont" ou "faire habituellement les bonnes œuvres qui sont" (pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 11 hwg1 εἰς δόξαν καὶ ἔπαινον Θεοῦ 1 to the glory and praise of God Cela pourrait signifier: (1) D’autres personnes verront comment ils honorent Dieu. (2) Les gens **loueront** et honoreront Dieu à cause des bonnes choses qu’ils voient qu’ils font. Ces traductions alternatives nécessiteraient une nouvelle phrase.
PHP 1 12 uyc6 0 General Information: Paul dit que deux choses se sont produites à cause de "l'avancement de l'Évangile": de nombreuses personnes à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du palais ont découvert pourquoi il est en prison, et d'autres chrétiens n'ont plus peur de proclamer la bonne nouvelle.
PHP 1 12 yrp2 δὲ 1 Now Ici, le mot **maintenant** marque une nouvelle partie de la lettre.
PHP 1 12 tu2t ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Bien que le terme **frères** soit masculin, Paul utilise le mot ici dans un sens spirituel pour inclure à la fois les hommes et les femmes qui croient en Jésus, parce que tous les croyants en Christ sont membres d'une même famille spirituelle, avec Dieu comme Père céleste. . Traduction alternative: "frères et sœurs" (Pour plus d'information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
PHP 1 12 zy4g figs-explicit ὅτι τὰ κατ’ ἐμὲ 1 that the things concerning me La phrase **les choses qui me concernent** fait référence à l’emprisonnement de Paul. Si cela pouvait être plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative: "que les choses que j’ai souffertes parce que j’ai été mis en prison pour avoir prêché au sujet de Jésus" (Pour plus d’information, voir: [rc://fr/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit])
PHP 1 12 q288 figs-metaphor μᾶλλον εἰς προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν 1 have really happened for the advancement of the gospel L'expression **avancement de l'Évangile** fait référence au sens figuré à un nombre croissant de personnes entendant et croyant l'Évangile. Traduction alternative: "ont en fait amené plus de gens à entendre l'évangile" (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 13 wi6n grammar-connect-logic-result τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι, ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ πραιτωρίῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν 1 my chains in Christ became apparent among the whole palace guard and all the others Ici, la phrase **En conséquence** montre que ce qui suit cette phrase est le résultat des circonstances de Paul dont il a commencé à parler au verset 12, à savoir son emprisonnement. Envisagez d'utiliser un mot ou une phrase de liaison qui montrera clairement que ce qui suit est le résultat de l'emprisonnement de Paul. (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
PHP 1 13 h1ly figs-metonymy τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι 1 my chains in Christ became apparent Paul se réfère à nouveau à son emprisonnement de manière figurative en utilisant l'expression **mes chaînes**. Voyez comment vous avez traduit cette phrase dans [1:7](../01/07.md). (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 13 f8az τοὺς δεσμούς μου…ἐν Χριστῷ 1 my chains in Christ Ici, l'expression **mes chaînes en Christ** signifie que Paul est emprisonné à cause de son travail pour la cause de Christ. Si ce serait plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez le dire explicitement. Traduction alternative : "mes chaînes pour l'amour du Christ" ou "mes chaînes parce que j'enseigne le Christ aux gens" ou "mes chaînes pour la cause du Christ" (Pour plus d’information, voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/ figs-explicite]])
PHP 1 15 vw1s τινὲς μὲν καὶ…τὸν Χριστὸν κηρύσσουσιν 1 Some indeed even proclaim Christ Traduction alternative: "Certaines personnes prêchent la bonne nouvelle de Jésus"
PHP 1 15 f32h διὰ φθόνον καὶ ἔριν 1 because of envy and strife "parce qu'ils ne veulent pas que les gens m'écoutent, et ils veulent causer des problèmes"
PHP 1 16 ttr2 figs-activepassive εἰς ἀπολογίαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου κεῖμαι 1 I am appointed for the defense of the gospel Vous pourriez dire **Je suis nommé** sous forme active. Traduction alternative: "Dieu m’a nommé" (Pour plus d’information, voir: [rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive])
PHP 1 16 st7k figs-metaphor εἰς ἀπολογίαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 for the defense of the gospel Paul parle de l'évangile comme s'il s'agissait d'un lieu ou d'une personne qui pourrait être attaqué. Si cela prête à confusion dans votre langue, vous pouvez utiliser un langage simple. Voyez comment vous avez traduit "défense et confirmation de l'évangile" dans [1:7](../01/07.md). Traduction alternative : "prouver que le message sur Jésus est vrai" (Pour plus d'information, voir : [[rc://fr/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 17 eq7s οἱ δὲ 1 but the ones "mais les autres" ou "mais ceux qui annoncent le Christ par l'envie et les querelles".
PHP 1 17 z8ty figs-metonymy τοῖς δεσμοῖς μου 1 in my chains Paul fait référence à son emprisonnement en mentionnant les chaînes qui liaient ses pieds et ses mains. Si cela n'est pas clair dans votre langue, vous pouvez mentionner directement l'emprisonnement. Voyez comment vous avez traduit l'expression **mes chaînes** dans [1:7](../01/07.md) et [1:13](../01/13.md). Traduction alternative: "à cause de mon emprisonnement" (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 18 z5ia figs-ellipsis τί γάρ? 1 What then? Dans la question rhétorique **Et alors ?**, Paul omet quelques mots qui pourraient être nécessaires dans certaines langues. Si vous souhaitez utiliser une question rhétorique ici, vous pouvez ajouter les mots qui sont sous-entendus mais non énoncés. Cela pourrait être fait de deux façons : (1) comme une question rhétorique qui attend une réponse négative. Traduction alternative : "Qu'importent leurs motivations ?" ou "Alors, quelle différence cela fait-il?" (2) comme une phrase qui se concentre sur le résultat. Traduction alternative: "Quel est donc le résultat de cela?" (Voir: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
PHP 1 18 gcfh figs-idiom τί γάρ? 1 What then? C’est peut-être une expression qui signifie «Cela n’a pas d’importance». (Pour plus d’information : [rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 18 wnn0 figs-ellipsis τί γάρ? 1 What then? Les mots "dois-je y réfléchir" sont compris comme faisant partie de la question. Traduction alternative : "Que dois-je penser de ceci ?" (Pour plus d’information: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
PHP 1 18 ah9v πλὴν ὅτι παντὶ τρόπῳ, εἴτε προφάσει εἴτε ἀληθείᾳ, Χριστὸς καταγγέλλεται 1 Only that in every way—whether in pretext or in truth—Christ is proclaimed "Tant que les gens prêchent au sujet du Christ, peu importe qu'ils le fassent pour de bonnes ou de mauvaises raisons"
PHP 1 18 c8tr ἐν τούτῳ χαίρω 1 in this I rejoice "Je suis heureux parce que les gens prêchent au sujet de Jésus"
PHP 1 19 h9hf figs-abstractnouns μοι…εἰς σωτηρίαν 1 to me in deliverance The word **deliverance** is an abstract noun that refers to one person bringing another person to a safe place. You may have to specify that it is God whom Paul expects to deliver him. Alternate translation: “in my being brought to a safe place” or “in God bringing me to a safe place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
PHP 1 19 x3fs διὰ τῆς ὑμῶν δεήσεως, καὶ ἐπιχορηγίας τοῦ Πνεύματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 through your prayers and the provision of the Spirit of Jesus Christ “because you are praying and the Spirit of Jesus Christ is helping me”
PHP 1 19 c48j τοῦ Πνεύματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 of the Spirit of Jesus Christ "du Saint-Esprit"
PHP 1 20 fh48 figs-doublet κατὰ τὴν ἀποκαραδοκίαν καὶ ἐλπίδα μου 1 according to my eager expectation and hope Les expressions **Attente enthousiaste** et **espoir** ont des significations similaires et expriment ensemble une seule idée. Paul utilise ces deux mots ensemble pour souligner la force de son attente. Si vous avez un seul mot ou une seule phrase dans votre langue qui exprime le sens de ces deux mots, envisagez de l'utiliser pour exprimer la force de l'espoir d'une autre manière. Traduction alternative : « attente sincère » ou « espérance certaine » (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 1 20 tk7l ἀλλ’ ἐν πάσῃ παρρησίᾳ 1 but in everything have boldness **L'attente** et **l'espoir** sont des noms abstraits. Si cela était plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez les exprimer ensemble dans une phrase verbale. Traduction alternative : "parce que je crois pleinement" (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://fr/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
PHP 1 20 jz1z figs-metonymy μεγαλυνθήσεται Χριστὸς ἐν τῷ σώματί μου 1 Christ will be exalted in my body L’expression **dans mon corps** est utilisée au sens figuré pour désigner les activités que Paul fait avec son corps. Paul parle de son **corps** car c'est avec son corps terrestre qu'il servira Dieu sur la terre jusqu'à sa mort, comme il l'explique plus en détail dans [1:22-24](../01/22.md ). Traduction alternative: "dans tout ce que je fais" (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 20 t8z9 figs-activepassive μεγαλυνθήσεται Χριστὸς ἐν τῷ σώματί μου 1 Christ will be exalted in my body Vous pouvez exprimer ce texte à la forme active. Cela pourrait signifier : (1) Paul honorera Christ par ce qu'il fait. (2) Les gens loueront Christ à cause de ce que Paul fait. (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
PHP 1 20 y78k εἴτε διὰ ζωῆς εἴτε διὰ θανάτου 1 whether through life or through death Si cela était plus clair dans votre langue, vous pourriez exprimer les idées derrière les noms abstraits **vie** et **mort** avec leurs formes verbales. Traduction alternative : "que je vive ou que je meure" (Pour plus d’information, voir : [[rc://fr/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
PHP 1 21 sxt5 figs-metaphor τὸ ζῆν Χριστὸς 1 to live is Christ Here pleasing and serving **Christ** is spoken of as Paul’s only purpose for living. Alternate translation: “to go on living is an opportunity to please Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 21 n3jd figs-metaphor τὸ ἀποθανεῖν κέρδος 1 to die is gain Here death is spoken of as **gain**. Here, **gain** could mean: (1) Paul’s death will help spread the message of the gospel. (2) Paul will be in a better situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 22 a21c figs-metonymy εἰ δὲ τὸ ζῆν ἐν σαρκί 1 Now if to live in the flesh The word **flesh** here is a metonym for the body, and “living in the flesh” is a metonym for being alive. Alternate translation: “But if I am to remain alive in my body” or “But if I continue to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 22 mwl6 figs-metaphor τοῦτό μοι καρπὸς ἔργου 1 this is fruitful labor for me The word **fruitful** here refers to the good results of Paul’s work. Alternate translation: “that means I will be able to work and my work will produce good results” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 23 tq29 figs-metaphor συνέχομαι δὲ ἐκ τῶν δύο 1 But I am hard pressed between the two Paul speaks of how hard it is for him to choose between living and dying as if two heavy objects, like rocks or logs, were pushing on him from opposite sides at the same time. Your language might prefer the objects to pull rather than push. Alternate translation: “I am under tension. I do not know if I should choose to live or to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 23 f7qg figs-euphemism τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἔχων εἰς τὸ ἀναλῦσαι καὶ σὺν Χριστῷ εἶναι 1 having the desire to depart and to be with Christ Paul here uses **to depart** as a euphemism to show that he is not afraid of dying. Alternate translation: “I would like to die because I will go to be with Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
PHP 1 25 bu8d τοῦτο πεποιθὼς 1 having been persuaded of this “being sure that it is better for you that I stay alive”
PHP 1 27 cd3b figs-parallelism ὅτι στήκετε ἐν ἑνὶ πνεύματι, μιᾷ ψυχῇ συναθλοῦντες τῇ πίστει τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 that you stand firm in one spirit, with one soul striving together for the faith of the gospel The phrases **stand firm in one spirit** and **with one soul striving together** share similar meanings and emphasize the importance of unity. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
PHP 1 27 jey6 figs-metaphor μιᾷ ψυχῇ συναθλοῦντες 1 with one soul striving together Agreeing with one another is spoken of as having **one soul**. Alternate translation: “agreeing with one another and striving together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 27 ya3h τῇ πίστει τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 for the faith of the gospel This could mean: (1) This refers to spreading **the faith** that is based on **the gospel**. (2) This refers to believing and living as the gospel teaches us.
PHP 1 28 i9yt figs-you μὴ πτυρόμενοι ἐν μηδενὶ 1 do not be frightened in anything This is a command to the Philippian believers. If your language has a plural command form, use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
PHP 1 28 l495 ἥτις ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς ἔνδειξις ἀπωλείας, ὑμῶν δὲ σωτηρίας, καὶ τοῦτο ἀπὸ Θεοῦ 1 This is a sign to them of their destruction, but of your salvation—and this from God “Your courage will show them that God will destroy them. It will also show you that God will save you”
PHP 1 28 nb4b καὶ τοῦτο ἀπὸ Θεοῦ 1 and this from God “and this is from God.” Here, **this** could mean: (1) This refers to the believers’ courage. (2) This refers to the sign. (3) This refers to destruction and salvation.
PHP 1 30 x4z3 τὸν αὐτὸν ἀγῶνα ἔχοντες, οἷον εἴδετε ἐν ἐμοὶ, καὶ νῦν ἀκούετε ἐν ἐμοί 1 having the same struggle which you saw in me, and now you hear in me “suffering in the same way that you saw me suffer, and that you now hear that I am still suffering”
PHP 2 intro ixw8 0 # Philippians 2 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations, like the ULT, set apart the lines of verses 6-11. These verses describe the example of Christ. They teach important truths about the person of Jesus.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Practical instructions<br><br>In this chapter Paul gives many practical instructions to the church in Philippi.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “If there is any”<br><br>This appears to be a type of hypothetical statement. However, it is not a hypothetical statement, because it expresses something that is true. The translator may also translate this phrase as “Since there is.”
PHP 2 1 b1q7 εἴ τις…παράκλησις ἐν Χριστῷ 1 If there is any encouragement in Christ “if Christ has encouraged you” or “if you are encouraged because of Christ”
PHP 2 1 k1b2 εἴ τι παραμύθιον ἀγάπης 1 if any comfort of love Here, **love** probably refers to Christ’s love for the Philippians. Alternate translation: “if his love has given you any comfort” or “if his love for you has comforted you in any way”
PHP 2 1 m84k εἴ τις κοινωνία Πνεύματος 1 if any fellowship of the Spirit “if you have fellowship with the Spirit”
PHP 2 1 l2px εἴ τις σπλάγχνα καὶ οἰκτιρμοί 1 if any affections and compassions “if you have experienced any of God’s acts of tender mercy and compassion”
PHP 2 2 jxq2 figs-metaphor πληρώσατέ μου τὴν χαρὰν 1 fulfill my joy Paul speaks here of **joy** as if it were a task that can be completed. Alternate translation: “cause me to rejoice greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 3 y1le μηδὲν κατ’ ἐριθείαν μηδὲ κατὰ κενοδοξίαν 1 Do nothing according to selfish ambition nor according to empty conceit “Do not serve yourselves or think of yourselves as better than others”
PHP 2 4 ezk6 μὴ τὰ ἑαυτῶν ἕκαστος σκοποῦντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἑτέρων ἕκαστοι 1 each one not considering the things of himself, but also the things of each other “not caring only about what you need, but also about what others need”
PHP 2 5 rh98 τοῦτο φρονεῖτε ἐν ὑμῖν, ὃ καὶ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 Have this attitude in you which also was in Christ Jesus “Have the same attitude that Christ Jesus had” or “Think about one another the way Christ Jesus thought of people”
PHP 2 6 hs4q ἐν μορφῇ Θεοῦ ὑπάρχων 1 existing in the form of God “even though everything that is true of God was true of him”
PHP 2 6 els2 figs-metaphor οὐχ ἁρπαγμὸν ἡγήσατο τὸ εἶναι ἴσα Θεῷ 1 did not consider being equal with God something to be grasped Here to be **equal** refers to “equal status” or “equal honor.” Grasping onto equality with God represents demanding that he continue to be honored as God is honored. Christ did not do that. Though he did not cease to be God, he ceased to act as God. Alternate translation: “did not think that he had to have the same status as God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 7 yu25 figs-metaphor ἑαυτὸν ἐκένωσεν 1 he emptied himself Paul speaks of Christ as if he were a container in order to say that Christ refused to act with his divine powers during his ministry on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 8 t8a6 figs-metaphor γενόμενος ὑπήκοος μέχρι θανάτου 1 having become obedient to the point of death Paul speaks of death here in a figurative way. The translator can understand **to the point of death** either as a metaphor of location (Christ went all the way to death) or as a metaphor of time (Christ was obedient even until the time that he died). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 8 hi57 θανάτου δὲ σταυροῦ 1 even death on a cross “even to dying on a cross”
PHP 2 9 mvb7 figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα 1 the name that is above every name Here, **name** is a metonym that refers to rank or honor. Alternate translation: “the rank that is above any other rank” or “the honor that is above any other honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 2 9 qsy9 figs-metaphor ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα 1 above every name His **name** is more important, more to be praised than any other name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 10 tk45 figs-synecdoche ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ, πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ 1 at the name of Jesus every knee would bend Here, **knee** is a synecdoche for the whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
PHP 2 10 xz1u figs-metonymy ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ, πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ 1 at the name of Jesus every knee would bend Here bending the knee to kneel on the ground is a metonym for worship. **In the name of** here is a metonym for the person, telling who it is they will worship. Alternate translation: “every person will worship Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 2 10 kfb4 καταχθονίων 1 under the earth This could mean: (1) This refers to the place where people go when they die. (2) This refers to the place where demons dwell.
PHP 2 11 mr2i figs-metaphor εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ Πατρὸς 1 to the glory of God the Father Here the word **to** expresses result: “with the result that they will praise God the Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 12 jnp3 0 Connecting Statement: Paul encourages the Philippian believers and shows them how to live the Christian life before others and reminds them of his example.
PHP 2 12 j897 figs-abstractnouns μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου τὴν ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίαν κατεργάζεσθε 1 work out your own salvation with fear and trembling The abstract noun **salvation** can be expressed with a phrase about God saving people. Alternate translation: “with fear and trembling, continue to work hard to do what is proper for those whom God saves” or “with awe and reverence for God, work hard to do the good things that show that he has saved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
PHP 2 12 cm1s figs-doublet μετὰ φόβου καὶ τρόμου 1 with fear and trembling Paul uses the words **fear** and **trembling** together to show the attitude of reverence that people should have for God. Alternate translation: “trembling with fear” or “with deep reverence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 2 13 m6b8 καὶ τὸ θέλειν, καὶ τὸ ἐνεργεῖν, ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐδοκίας 1 both to will and to work for his good pleasure “so that you will want to do what pleases him and will be able to do what pleases him”
PHP 2 15 z2lz figs-doublet ἄμεμπτοι καὶ ἀκέραιοι 1 blameless and pure The words **blameless** and **pure** are very similar in meaning and are used together to strenghten the idea. Alternate translation: “completely innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 2 15 p71u figs-metaphor φαίνεσθε ὡς φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ 1 you shine as lights in the world Light represents goodness and truth. To **shine as lights in the world** represents living in a good and righteous way so that people in the world can see that God is good and true. Alternate translation: “you will be examples of goodness and truth in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 15 jb7y figs-doublet μέσον γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς καὶ διεστραμμένης…ἐν κόσμῳ 1 in the world, in the midst of a crooked and depraved generation Here the word **world** refers to the people of the world. The words **crooked** and **depraved** are used together to emphasize that the people are very sinful. Alternate translation: “in the world, among people who are very sinful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 2 16 u3qb figs-metaphor λόγον ζωῆς ἐπέχοντες 1 holding forth the word of life Here, **holding forth** represents firmly believing. Alternate translation: “continuing to firmly believe the word of life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 16 eq86 λόγον ζωῆς 1 the word of life “the message that brings life” or “the message that shows how to live the way God wants you to”
PHP 2 16 q7y8 εἰς ἡμέραν Χριστοῦ 1 on the day of Christ This refers to when Jesus comes back to set up his kingdom and rule over the earth. Alternate translation: “when Christ returns”
PHP 2 16 m5aq figs-parallelism οὐκ εἰς κενὸν ἔδραμον, οὐδὲ εἰς κενὸν ἐκοπίασα 1 I did not run in vain nor labor in vain The phrases **run in vain** and **labor in vain** here mean the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how hard he has worked to help people believe in Christ. Alternate translation: “I did not work so hard for nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
PHP 2 16 m1z7 figs-metaphor ἔδραμον 1 I did … run The scriptures often use the image of walking to represent conducting one’s life. To **run** is to live life intensively. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 17 bky1 figs-metaphor ἀλλ’ εἰ καὶ σπένδομαι ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ καὶ λειτουργίᾳ τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν, χαίρω καὶ συνχαίρω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν 1 But even if I am being poured out as an offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all Paul speaks of his death as if he were a drink **offering** which is **poured out** upon the animal **sacrifice** to honor God. What Paul means is that he would gladly die for the Philippians if that would make them more pleasing to God. Alternate translation: “But, even if the Romans kill me and it is as if my blood pours out as an offering, I will be glad and rejoice with you all if my death will make your faith and obedience more pleasing to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 19 dr9c 0 Connecting Statement: Paul tells the Philippian believers about his plan to send Timothy soon and that they should treat Epaphroditus as special.
PHP 2 21 b922 οἱ πάντες γὰρ 1 For they all Here the word **they** refers to a group of people Paul does not feel he can trust to send to Philippi. Paul is also expressing his displeasure with the group, who should have been able to go, but Paul does not trust them to fulfill their mission.
PHP 2 22 gm8i figs-simile ὡς πατρὶ τέκνον, σὺν ἐμοὶ ἐδούλευσεν 1 as a child with his father, he served with me Fathers and sons love each other and work together. Timothy was not really Paul’s **child**, but he worked with Paul as a son works **with his father**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
PHP 2 22 xdn5 figs-metonymy εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον 1 in the gospel Here, **the gospel** stands for the activity of telling people about Jesus. Alternate translation: “in telling people about the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 2 24 yn62 πέποιθα…ἐν Κυρίῳ, ὅτι καὶ αὐτὸς ταχέως ἐλεύσομαι 1 I am confident in the Lord that I myself will also come soon “I am sure, if it is the Lord’s will, that I will also come soon”
PHP 2 25 k4wz translate-names Ἐπαφρόδιτον 1 Epaphroditus This is the name of a man sent by the Philippian church to minister to Paul in prison. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
PHP 2 25 c3ce figs-metaphor συνεργὸν καὶ συνστρατιώτην 1 fellow worker and fellow soldier Here Paul is speaking of Epaphroditus as if he were a **fellow soldier**. He means that Epaphroditus is trained and is dedicated to serving God, no matter how great the hardship he must suffer. Alternate translation: “fellow believer who works and struggles along with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 25 qsd6 ὑμῶν…ἀπόστολον καὶ λειτουργὸν τῆς χρείας μου 1 your messenger and minister for my needs “who brings your messages to me and helps me when I am in need”
PHP 2 26 gxn9 ἐπιποθῶν ἦν πάντας ὑμᾶς, καὶ ἀδημονῶν 1 he is longing to be with you all and he is distressed “he wanted to be with you all and is very worried”
PHP 2 27 itx2 figs-explicit λύπην ἐπὶ λύπην 1 sorrow upon sorrow The cause of the **sorrow** can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the sorrow of losing him added to the sorrow I already have from being in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 2 28 y5gc κἀγὼ ἀλυπότερος ὦ 1 and I might be free from pain “I will be less anxious” or “I will not worry as much as I have been”
PHP 2 29 qx14 ἐν Κυρίῳ μετὰ πάσης χαρᾶς 1 in the Lord with all joy “as a fellow believer in the Lord with all joy” or “with the great joy we have because the Lord Jesus loves us”
PHP 2 30 ns1y figs-metaphor μέχρι θανάτου ἤγγισεν 1 he came near even to death Paul here speaks of **death** as if it were a place that one could go to. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 2 30 g98z figs-metaphor ἀναπληρώσῃ τὸ ὑμῶν ὑστέρημα, τῆς πρός με λειτουργίας 1 he might make up your lack of service to me Paul speaks of his needs as if they were a container that Epaphroditus filled with good things for Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 intro btx3 0 # Philippians 3 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>In verses 4-8, Paul lists how he qualifies for being considered a righteous Jew. In every way, Paul was an exemplary Jew. But he contrasts this with the greatness of knowing Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Dogs<br><br>The people of the ancient Near East used dogs as an image to refer to people in a negative way. Not all cultures use the term “dogs” in this way.<br><br>### Resurrected Bodies<br><br>We know very little about what people will be like in heaven. Paul teaches here that Christians will have some kind of glorious body and will be free from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Prize<br><br>Paul uses an extended illustration to describe the Christian life. The goal of the Christian life is attempting to grow to be like Christ until a person dies. We can never achieve this goal perfectly, but we must strive for it.
PHP 3 1 e79h 0 Connecting Statement: In order to warn his fellow believers about Jews who would try to get them to follow the old laws, Paul gives his own testimony about when he persecuted believers.
PHP 3 1 qb78 figs-explicit ὑμῖν δὲ ἀσφαλές 1 and is a safeguard for you You can state explicitly how writing these things is a **safeguard** for the Philippians. Alternate translation: “because these teachings will protect you from those who teach what is not true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 3 2 ny6y βλέπετε 1 Beware “Watch out for” or “Look out for”
PHP 3 2 zin8 τοὺς κύνας…τοὺς κακοὺς ἐργάτας…τὴν κατατομήν 1 the dogs … the evil workers … the mutilation These are three different ways of describing the same group of false teachers. Paul is using strong expressions to convey his feeling about these Jewish Christian teachers.
PHP 3 2 yr9n figs-irony τοὺς κύνας 1 the dogs The word **dogs** was used by the Jews to refer to those who were not Jews. Paul reverses this and calls the Jews “dogs.”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
PHP 3 2 yeax figs-metaphor τοὺς κύνας 1 the dogs Paul speaks of the false teachers as though they were **dogs**, to insult them, because dogs were unclean. If you have a different animal in your culture that is considered unclean or whose name is used as an insult, you could use this animal instead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 2 cka6 figs-hyperbole τὴν κατατομήν 1 the mutilation Paul is exaggerating about the act of circumcision to insult the false teachers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
PHP 3 2 x8r2 figs-metonymy τὴν κατατομήν 1 the mutilation Here, **mutilation** refers to the people who were circumcized, and represents the Jews who were all circumcized. The false teachers said God will only save a person who is circumcised, who cuts off the foreskin. This action was required by the law of Moses for all male Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 3 3 y8yt figs-exclusive ἡμεῖς γάρ ἐσμεν 1 For we are Paul uses **we** to refer to himself and all true believers in Christ, including the Philippian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
PHP 3 3 xt5r ἡ περιτομή 1 the circumcision Paul uses this phrase to refer to believers in Christ who are not physically circumcised but are spiritually circumcised, which means they have received the Holy Spirit through faith. Alternate translation: “the truly circumcised ones” or “truly God’s people”
PHP 3 4 e346 figs-hypo καίπερ 1 although Paul is introducing a hypothetical situation that could not possibly exist. Alternate translation: “although if I wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
PHP 3 4 upw5 figs-hypo ἐγὼ ἔχων πεποίθησιν καὶ ἐν σαρκί. εἴ τις δοκεῖ ἄλλος πεποιθέναι ἐν σαρκί, ἐγὼ μᾶλλον 1 I myself, having confidence even in the flesh. If anyone else seems to have confidence in the flesh, I even more This is a hypothetical situation that Paul does not believe is possible. Paul says if it were possible that God would save people based on what they did, then God would certainly have saved him. Alternate translation: “no one can do enough things to please God, but if anyone could do enough things to please God, I could do more good things and please God more than anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
PHP 3 5 p4ik Ἑβραῖος ἐξ Ἑβραίων 1 a Hebrew of Hebrews This could mean: (1) This refers to a Hebrew son with Hebrew parents. (2) This refers to the purest Hebrew.
PHP 3 5 we4t κατὰ νόμον Φαρισαῖος 1 according to the law, a Pharisee The Pharisees were committed to obeying all of the law. Being a **Pharisee** showed that Paul was committed to obeying all of **the law**. Alternate translation: “as a Pharisee, I was committed to obeying all of the law”
PHP 3 6 ksr3 κατὰ ζῆλος διώκων τὴν ἐκκλησίαν 1 according to zeal, persecuting the church Paul’s zeal was his enthusiasm for honoring God. He believed that by **persecuting the church** he proved how zealous he was for God. Alternate translation: “having so much zeal for God that I persecuted the church” or “wanting so much to honor God, I persecuted the church”
PHP 3 6 hln8 κατὰ δικαιοσύνην τὴν ἐν νόμῳ γενόμενος ἄμεμπτος 1 according to righteousness that is under the law, having become blameless The phrase **righteousness that is under the law** refers to being righteous by obeying the law. Paul obeyed the law so carefully that he believed that no one could find any part of it that he disobeyed. Alternate Translation: “being so righteous by obeying the law that I was blameless”
PHP 3 7 n4lg figs-metaphor ἅτινα ἦν μοι κέρδη 1 Whatever was a profit for me Paul is referring here to the praise he received for being an eager Pharisee. He speaks of this praise as if he had viewed it in the past as a businessman’s profit. Alternate translation: “Anything that other Jews praised me for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 7 lb8f κέρδη…ζημίαν 1 a profit … loss These are common business terms. If many people in your culture do not understand formal business terms, you could translate these terms as “things that made my life better” and “things that made my life worse.”
PHP 3 7 y1sg figs-metaphor ταῦτα ἥγημαι…ζημίαν 1 I consider this loss Paul speaks of that praise as if he were now viewing it as a business **loss** instead of a profit. In other words, Paul says that all his religious acts of righteousness are worthless before Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 8 e1fp figs-metaphor καὶ ἡγοῦμαι πάντα ζημίαν εἶναι 1 I consider even all things to be loss Paul is continuing the business metaphor from [Philippians 3:7](../03/07.md), saying it is worthless to trust in anything other than Christ. Alternate translation: “I consider everything to be worthless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 8 cv55 διὰ τὸ ὑπερέχον τῆς γνώσεως Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου μου 1 because of the surpassing value of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord “because knowing Christ Jesus my Lord is worth so much more”
PHP 3 9 iy4k figs-idiom εὑρεθῶ ἐν αὐτῷ 1 be found in him The phrase **be found** is an idiom that emphasizes the idea of “to be.” Alternate translation: “be truly united with Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 3 9 g9a9 μὴ ἔχων ἐμὴν δικαιοσύνην, τὴν ἐκ νόμου 1 not having my own righteousness that is from the law Paul knows that he cannot become righteous by obeying the law.
PHP 3 9 qw6g ἀλλὰ τὴν διὰ πίστεως Χριστοῦ 1 but that which is through faith in Christ The word **that** refers to righteousness. Paul knows that he can become righteous only by believing in Christ. Alternate translation: “but having the righteousness that comes by believing in Christ”
PHP 3 10 vj4s τὴν δύναμιν τῆς ἀναστάσεως αὐτοῦ 1 the power of his resurrection “his power that gives us life”
PHP 3 10 xm68 κοινωνίαν παθημάτων αὐτοῦ 1 the fellowship of his sufferings “what it is like to suffer as he suffered” or “what it is like to participate in suffering with him”
PHP 3 10 xw42 figs-metonymy συμμορφιζόμενος τῷ θανάτῳ αὐτοῦ 1 being conformed to his death This could mean: (1) Paul wants to be like Christ by dying as Christ died. (2) Paul wants his desire to sin to become as dead as Jesus was before he was raised. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 3 11 l4rm εἴ πως καταντήσω εἰς τὴν ἐξανάστασιν τὴν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 if somehow I might attain to the resurrection that is from the dead The word **somehow** means Paul does not know what is going to happen to him in this life, but whatever happens, it will result in eternal life. Alternate translation: “so that, no matter what happens to me now, I will come back to life after I die”
PHP 3 12 xk5q 0 Connecting Statement: Paul urges the believers at Philippi to follow his present example because of heaven and the new bodies that wait for believers. He speaks of how he works as hard as he can to be like Christ, knowing that God will allow him to live forever in heaven, as if he were a runner racing for the finish line.
PHP 3 12 ms3v ἤδη ἔλαβον 1 I already received it These include knowing Christ, knowing the power of his resurrection, sharing in Christ’s suffering, and being united with Christ in his death and resurrection ([Philippians 3:8-11](./08.md)).
PHP 3 12 m52v figs-activepassive καταλάβω, ἐφ’ ᾧ καὶ κατελήμφθην ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 I might grasp that for which I was also grasped by Christ Jesus You can state this in an active form. Alternate translation: “to grasp the things for which Christ Jesus grasped me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
PHP 3 12 fr9q figs-metaphor καταλάβω, ἐφ’ ᾧ καὶ κατελήμφθην ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 I might grasp that for which I was also grasped by Christ Jesus Receiving spiritual things from **Christ** is spoken of as if Paul could grasp them with his hands. And, **Jesus** choosing Paul to belong to him is spoken of as if Jesus **grasped** Paul with his hands. Alternate translation: “I may receive these things because that is why Jesus claimed me as his own” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 13 kqk7 figs-metaphor ἐγὼ ἐμαυτὸν οὐ λογίζομαι κατειληφέναι 1 I do not consider myself to have grasped it Receiving spiritual things from Christ is spoken of as if Paul could grasp them with his hands. Alternate translation: “I do not consider that all these things belong to me yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 13 ia2b figs-metaphor τὰ μὲν ὀπίσω ἐπιλανθανόμενος, τοῖς δὲ ἔμπροσθεν ἐπεκτεινόμενος 1 forgetting what is behind and straining for what is ahead Like a runner in a race is no longer concerned about the part of the race that is completed but only focuses on what is **ahead**, Paul speaks of setting aside his religious works of righteousness and only focusing on the race of life that Christ has set before him to complete. Alternate translation: “not caring what I have done in the past; I only work as hard as I can on what is ahead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 14 z39s figs-metaphor κατὰ σκοπὸν διώκω εἰς τὸ βραβεῖον τῆς ἄνω κλήσεως τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 I press on toward the goal to the prize of the upward calling of God in Christ Jesus As a runner presses onward to win the race and a **prize**, Paul presses onward in serving and living in obedience to **Christ**. Alternate translation: “I do all I can to be like Christ, like a runner racing to the finish line, so that I may belong to him, and God may call me to himself after I die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 14 lmr6 figs-metaphor τῆς ἄνω κλήσεως 1 of the upward calling This could mean: (1) Paul speaks of living eternally with God as if God were to call Paul to ascend to heaven as Jesus did. (2) Paul speaks of living eternally with God as if God were to call Paul to ascend to the steps of the podium where winners of races received prizes, as a metaphor for meeting God face to face and receiving eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 15 de4y ὅσοι…τέλειοι, τοῦτο φρονῶμεν 1 as many as are perfect should think this way Paul wants his fellow believers to have the same desires he listed in [Philippians 3:8-11](./08.md). Alternate translation: “I encourage all of us believers who are strong in the faith to think the same way”
PHP 3 15 yy22 καὶ τοῦτο ὁ Θεὸς ὑμῖν ἀποκαλύψει 1 God will also reveal that to you “God will also make it clear to you” or “God will make sure you know it”
PHP 3 16 pxn9 figs-exclusive εἰς ὃ ἐφθάσαμεν, τῷ αὐτῷ στοιχεῖν 1 in what we have attained, we should live in it Paul uses **we** to include the Philippian believers. Alternate translation: “let us all continue obeying the same truth we have already received” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
PHP 3 17 jed4 συνμιμηταί μου γίνεσθε 1 Become imitators of me “Do what I do” or “Live as I live”
PHP 3 17 h4tv τοὺς οὕτω περιπατοῦντας, καθὼς ἔχετε τύπον ἡμᾶς 1 those who are thus walking, just as you have us as an example “those who already are living just as I live” or “those who already are doing what I do”
PHP 3 18 ab61 πολλοὶ…περιπατοῦσιν…τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 many walk … as enemies of the cross of Christ These words are Paul’s main thought for this verse.
PHP 3 18 kr19 figs-metaphor πολλοὶ…περιπατοῦσιν 1 many walk A person’s behavior is spoken of as if that person would **walk** along a path. Alternate translation: “many live” or “many conduct their lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 18 x2lu οὓς πολλάκις ἔλεγον ὑμῖν, νῦν δὲ καὶ κλαίων, λέγω 1 about whom I have often told you, but now even weeping, I say Paul interrupts his main thought with these words that describe the “many.” You can move them to the beginning or end of the verse if you need to.
PHP 3 18 n8q2 figs-metonymy τοὺς ἐχθροὺς τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 as enemies of the cross of Christ Here, **the cross of Christ** refers to Christ’s suffering and death. The **enemies** are those who say they believe in Jesus but are not willing to suffer or die like Jesus did. Alternate translation: “in a way that shows they are actually against Jesus, who was willing to suffer and die on a cross” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 3 19 v8gv ὧν τὸ τέλος ἀπώλεια 1 whose end is destruction “but someday God will destroy them.” The last thing that happens to them is that God will destroy them.
PHP 3 19 hn9i figs-metaphor ὧν ὁ Θεὸς ἡ κοιλία 1 whose god is their belly Here, **belly** refers to a person’s desires for physical pleasure. Calling it their **god** means that they want these pleasures more than they want to obey God. Alternate translation: “they desire food and other physical pleasures more than they desire to obey God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 3 19 u9cl figs-metonymy ἡ δόξα ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ αὐτῶν 1 their glory is in their shame Here, **shame** stands for the actions that the people should be ashamed about but are not. Alternate translation: “they are proud of the things that should cause them shame” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 3 19 sv5z figs-metonymy οἱ τὰ ἐπίγεια φρονοῦντες 1 who are thinking about earthly things Here, **earthly** refers to everything that gives physical pleasure and does not honor God. Alternate translation: “All they think about is what will please themselves rather than what will please God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 3 20 q1cc figs-exclusive 0 General Information: By Paul’s use of “our” and “we” here, he includes himself and the believers in Philippi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
PHP 3 20 n2lh ἡμῶν…τὸ πολίτευμα ἐν οὐρανοῖς ὑπάρχει 1 our citizenship exists in heaven This could mean: (1) We are citizens of heaven. (2) Our homeland is heaven. (3) Our true home is heaven.
PHP 3 21 qz6p figs-activepassive τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ, κατὰ τὴν ἐνέργειαν τοῦ δύνασθαι αὐτὸν, καὶ ὑποτάξαι αὑτῷ τὰ πάντα 1 to his glorious body, according to the working of his power even to subject all things to himself You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “to his glorious body. He will change our bodies with the same power he uses to control all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
PHP 4 intro rp5c 0 # Philippians 4 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “My joy and my crown”<br><br>Paul had helped the Philippians become spiritually mature. As a result, Paul rejoiced and God honored him and his work. He considered discipling other Christians and encouraging them to grow spiritually as important to Christian living. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Euodia and Syntyche<br><br>Apparently, these two women disagreed with each other. Paul was encouraging them to agree. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 4 1 zk6q figs-you 0 General Information: When Paul says, “my true companion,” The word **you** is singular. Paul does not say the name of the person. He calls him that to show he worked with Paul to spread the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
PHP 4 1 xmc4 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues with some specific instructions to the believers in Philippi on unity and then gives instructions to help them live for the Lord.
PHP 4 1 fe2y ἀδελφοί μου ἀγαπητοὶ καὶ ἐπιπόθητοι 1 my brothers, beloved and longed for “my fellow believers, I love you and I greatly desire to see you”
PHP 4 1 wx5w figs-metonymy χαρὰ καὶ στέφανός μου 1 my joy and crown Paul uses the word **joy** to mean that the Philippian church is the cause of his happiness. A **crown** was made of leaves, and a man wore it on his head as a sign of honor after he won an important game. Here the word **crown** means the Philippian church brought honor to Paul before God. Alternate translation: “since you give me joy because you have believed in Jesus, and you are my reward and honor for my work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 4 1 dz44 οὕτως στήκετε ἐν Κυρίῳ, ἀγαπητοί 1 in this way stand firm in the Lord, beloved “so continue living for the Lord in the way that I have taught you, dear friends”
PHP 4 2 x5qf translate-names Εὐοδίαν παρακαλῶ, καὶ Συντύχην παρακαλῶ 1 I urge Euodia, and I urge Syntyche These are women who were believers and helped Paul in the church at Philippi. Alternate translation: “I beg Euodia, and I beg Syntyche” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
PHP 4 2 iyq7 figs-metonymy τὸ αὐτὸ φρονεῖν ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 to think the same in the Lord The phrase **to think the same** means to have the same attitude or opinion. Alternate translation: “to agree with each other because you both believe in the same Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 4 3 yb3f figs-you ἐρωτῶ καὶ σέ 1 I also ask you Here, **you** refers to the “true fellow worker” and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
PHP 4 3 hdz7 figs-metaphor γνήσιε σύνζυγε 1 true companion This metaphor is from farming, where two animals would be bound to the same yoke, and so they work together. Alternate translation: “fellow worker” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 4 3 cm3u translate-names μετὰ καὶ Κλήμεντος 1 with also Clement **Clement** was a man who was a believer and worker in the church at Philippi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
PHP 4 3 s9h9 ὧν τὰ ὀνόματα ἐν βίβλῳ ζωῆς 1 whose names are in the Book of Life “whose names God has written in the Book of Life”
PHP 4 4 elt7 χαίρετε ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 Rejoice in the Lord “be happy because of all the Lord has done.” See how you translated this in [Philippians 3:1](../03/01.md).
PHP 4 5 snk5 ὁ Κύριος ἐγγύς 1 The Lord is near This could mean: (1) The Lord Jesus is near to the believers in spirit. (2) The day the Lord Jesus will return to the earth is near.
PHP 4 6 h63g ἐν παντὶ, τῇ προσευχῇ καὶ τῇ δεήσει μετὰ εὐχαριστίας, τὰ αἰτήματα ὑμῶν γνωριζέσθω πρὸς τὸν Θεόν 1 in everything by prayer and petition with thanksgiving, let your requests be known to God “whatever happens to you, ask God for everything you need with prayer and thanks”
PHP 4 7 u1sz ἡ εἰρήνη τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the peace of God “the peace that God gives”
PHP 4 7 zr4x ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦν 1 which surpasses all understanding “which is more than we can understand”
PHP 4 7 sb6s figs-personification φρουρήσει τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν ἐν Χριστῷ 1 will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ This presents God’s peace as a soldier who protects our **hearts** and **minds** from worrying. Alternate translation: “will be like a soldier and guard your hearts and minds in Christ”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
PHP 4 7 tsz6 figs-metonymy φρουρήσει τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν καὶ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν ἐν Χριστῷ 1 will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “will guard your emotions and thoughts in Christ” or “will protect you in Christ and will keep you from worrying about the troubles of this life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 4 9 m145 ἃ καὶ ἐμάθετε καὶ παρελάβετε, καὶ ἠκούσατε καὶ εἴδετε, ἐν ἐμοί 1 And what you learned and received and heard and saw in me “And everything that I have taught and shown you”
PHP 4 10 pwh9 0 Connecting Statement: Paul begins to thank the Philippians for a gift that they have sent him. He begins in verse 11 to explain that he is thanking them for this gift simply because he is grateful, not because he needs them to give him anything more.
PHP 4 11 ew5e ἐν οἷς εἰμι 1 in whatever I am “no matter what my situation is”
PHP 4 12 lgp9 figs-explicit οἶδα καὶ ταπεινοῦσθαι, οἶδα καὶ περισσεύειν 1 I know both how to be brought low and I know how to abound Paul knows how to live happily having either no possessions or many possessions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 4 12 i9vp figs-parallelism χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν, καὶ περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι 1 to being filled and to being hungry, and to abounding and to being in need These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize that he has learned how to be content in any situation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
PHP 4 12 xrp3 figs-merism χορτάζεσθαι καὶ πεινᾶν 1 to be filled and to be hungry This phrase is a merism. Paul refers to both extremes to say that he is comfortable with any amount of food. Alternate translation: “no matter what amount of food I have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
PHP 4 12 ufv4 figs-merism περισσεύειν καὶ ὑστερεῖσθαι 1 to abound and to be in need This phrase is a merism. Paul refers to both extremes to say that he is comfortable with any amount of possessions. Alternate translation: “no matter what amount of things I have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
PHP 4 13 z1pb πάντα ἰσχύω ἐν τῷ ἐνδυναμοῦντί με 1 I can do all things in him who strengthens me “I can do all things because Christ gives me strength”
PHP 4 14 bs72 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues explaining that he is thanking the Philippians for their gift to him simply because he is grateful, not because he needs them to give him anything more (see [Philippians 3:11](../03/11.md)).
PHP 4 14 fe2z figs-metaphor μου τῇ θλίψει 1 in my affliction Paul speaks of his hardships as if they were a place that he was in. Alternate translation: “when things became difficult” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 4 15 w23w figs-metonymy ἀρχῇ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου 1 the beginning of the gospel Paul refers to the **gospel** here as meaning his preaching of the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 4 15 dyf8 figs-doublenegatives οὐδεμία μοι ἐκκλησία ἐκοινώνησεν εἰς λόγον δόσεως καὶ λήμψεως, εἰ μὴ ὑμεῖς μόνοι 1 no church shared with me in the matter of giving and receiving except you alone You can state this in the positive. Alternate translation: “you were the only church that sent me money or helped me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
PHP 4 17 e9g9 οὐχ ὅτι ἐπιζητῶ τὸ δόμα 1 Not that I seek the gift Paul is explaining that his reason for writing about gifts is not that he hopes that they will give him more gifts. Alternate Translation: “My reason for writing this is not that I want you to give me more”
PHP 4 17 bh3t figs-metaphor ἐπιζητῶ τὸν καρπὸν τὸν πλεονάζοντα εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν 1 I seek the fruit that increases to your account Paul explains his reason for writing about gifts. Here, **fruit that increases to your account** is a metaphor for either: (1) It refers to more good deeds that can be recorded for the Philippians. Alternate translation: “Rather I want God to recognize the increasing good deeds that you do” (2) It refers to more blessings for the good things that the Philippians do. Alternate translation: “Rather I want God to bless you more because of the good deeds that you do”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 4 18 p6y1 0 Connecting Statement: Paul finishes thanking the Philippians for their gift (see [Philippians 3:11](../03/11.md)) and assures them that God will take care of them.
PHP 4 18 fs44 ἀπέχω…πάντα 1 I have everything in full This could mean: (1) Paul has received **everything** that the Philippians sent. (2) Paul is using humor to continue the business metaphor from [Philippians 3:8](../03/08.md) and saying that this part of the letter is a receipt for commercial goods that Epaphroditus delivered.
PHP 4 18 en6t figs-explicit περισσεύω 1 I abound Paul means that he has plenty of the things that he needs for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 4 18 s68v figs-metaphor ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας, θυσίαν δεκτήν, εὐάρεστον τῷ Θεῷ 1 an aroma, a sweet smell, an acceptable, pleasing sacrifice to God Paul speaks of the gift from the Philippian church as if it were a **sacrifice** offered to **God** on an altar. Paul implies that the church’s gift is very **pleasing** to God, like the sacrifices that the priests burned, which had a **smell** that pleased God. Alternate translation: “I assure you these gifts are very pleasing to God, like an acceptable sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 4 19 r96p figs-idiom πληρώσει πᾶσαν χρείαν ὑμῶν 1 will fulfill all your needs The word for **will fulfill** is the same word translated as “have been fulfilled” in verse 18. This phrase is an idiom meaning “will provide everything you need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 4 19 xmk2 κατὰ τὸ πλοῦτος αὐτοῦ ἐν δόξῃ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ 1 according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus “from his glorious riches that he gives through Christ Jesus”
PHP 4 22 rg96 μάλιστα…οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας 1 especially those from the household of Caesar This refers to servants who worked in Caesar’s palace. “especially the fellow believers who work in the palace of Caesar”
PHP 4 23 a3f8 figs-synecdoche μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματος ὑμῶν 1 be with your spirit Paul refers to the believers by using the word **spirit,** which is what enables humans to relate to God. Alternate translation: “be with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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