ru_gl_ru_ugg/content/conjunction.rst

:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ugg/src/branch/master/content/conjunction.rst

.. _conjunction:

Conjunction
===========

Summary
-------
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-summary.rst

Article
-------
Koiné Greek contains many conjunctions, but the two most common conjunctions in the New Testament are και ("and, also") and δε ("but, and").
Sometimes in Koiné Greek conjunctions are combined with other words (called "krasis") to form compound terms. 
These are not the same as compound conjunctions.
.. include:: includes/compound_terms.rst

.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-categories.rst

Form
~~~~
Conjunctions in Koiné Greek can appear as stand-alone words or be combined with other words to form a compound term.

.. _conjunction-compound:
Compound conjunctions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A compound conjunction is formed from two separate conjunctions that appear together at the beginning of a sentence.
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/compound_terms.rst
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/notes/conjunction-compound.rst

Function
~~~~~~~~
Conjunctions can express any of the following connective relationships.
This is not a complete list, but it represents the major categories of meaning for conjunctions in Koiné Greek.

.. _conjunction-conjunctive:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-conjunctive.rst

Matthew 16:5
Καὶ ἐλθόντες οἱ [d]μαθηταὶ εἰς τὸ πέραν ἐπελάθοντο ἄρτους λαβεῖν.

Matthew 16:13
Ἐλθὼν δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἰς τὰ μέρη Καισαρείας τῆς Φιλίππου

.. _conjunction-alternative:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-alternative.rst

Matthew 5:35
ὅτι πόλις ἐστὶν τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως

Mark 12:14
ἔξεστιν [p]δοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι ἢ οὔ; δῶμεν ἢ μὴ δῶμεν;

Mark 13:35
οὐκ οἴδατε γὰρ πότε ὁ κύριος τῆς οἰκίας ἔρχεται, [au]ἢ ὀψὲ ἢ [av]μεσονύκτιον ἢ ἀλεκτοροφωνίας ἢ πρωΐ

.. _conjunction-contrastive:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-contrastive.rst

Matthew 6:6
σὺ δὲ ὅταν προσεύχῃ, εἴσελθε εἰς τὸ ταμεῖόν σου καὶ κλείσας τὴν θύραν σου

Acts 1:8
ἀλλὰ λήμψεσθε δύναμιν ἐπελθόντος τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς

.. _conjunction-causal:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-causal.rst

Romans 3:28
λογιζόμεθα [k]γὰρ [l]δικαιοῦσθαι πίστει ἄνθρωπον χωρὶς ἔργων νόμου.

Acts 1:5
ὅτι Ἰωάννης μὲν ἐβάπτισεν ὕδατι, ὑμεῖς δὲ [b]ἐν πνεύματι βαπτισθήσεσθε ἁγίῳ

.. _causal-result:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/causal-result.rst

Matthew 1:22
τοῦτο δὲ ὅλον γέγονεν ἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν [k]ὑπὸ κυρίου διὰ τοῦ προφήτου

Romans 1:11
ἐπιποθῶ γὰρ ἰδεῖν ὑμᾶς, ἵνα τι μεταδῶ χάρισμα ὑμῖν πνευματικὸν

Luke 1:34
Πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο, ἐπεὶ ἄνδρα οὐ γινώσκω;

.. _causal-purpose:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/causal-purpose.rst

Luke 1:44
Μὴ φοβοῦ, Μαριάμ, εὗρες γὰρ χάριν παρὰ τῷ θεῷ·

Matthew 2:18
Ῥαχὴλ κλαίουσα τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἤθελεν παρακληθῆναι ὅτι οὐκ εἰσίν

Luke 1:13
Μὴ φοβοῦ, Ζαχαρία, διότι εἰσηκούσθη ἡ δέησίς σου

.. _conjunction-conditional:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-conditional.rst

Luke 16:31
Εἰ Μωϋσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν, οὐδ’ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ πεισθήσονται.

#2

#3

.. _conditional-hypothetical:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conditional-hypothetical.rst

Luke 17:2
λυσιτελεῖ αὐτῷ εἰ [d]λίθος μυλικὸς περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔρριπται εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν ἢ ἵνα σκανδαλίσῃ [e]τῶν μικρῶν τούτων ἕνα.

Luke 17:6
Εἰ ἔχετε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως, ἐλέγετε ἂν τῇ συκαμίνῳ ταύτῃ·

Matthew 11:21
ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγένοντο αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν, πάλαι ἂν ἐν σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ μετενόησαν.

.. _conditional-actual:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conditional-actual.rst

Matthew 4:3
Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ, εἰπὲ ἵνα οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι ἄρτοι γένωνται.

Mark 11:25
ἀφίετε εἴ τι ἔχετε κατά τινος

Romans 2:25
ἐὰν δὲ παραβάτης νόμου ᾖς, ἡ περιτομή σου ἀκροβυστία γέγονεν

.. _conjunction-simultaneous:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-simultaneous.rst

Luke 1:32
οὗτος ἔσται μέγας καὶ υἱὸς Ὑψίστου κληθήσεται

Luke 1:41
καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἤκουσεν [t]τὸν ἀσπασμὸν τῆς Μαρίας ἡ Ἐλισάβετ, ἐσκίρτησεν τὸ βρέφος ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ αὐτῆς

.. _conjunction-explicative:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-explicative.rst

#1

#2

#3

.. _conjunction-concessive:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-concessive.rst

#1

#2

#3

.. _conjunction-restrictive:
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-restrictive.rst

#1

#2

#3

.. _conjunction-asseverative
.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/conjunction-asseverative.rst

.. csv-table:: Example: ROM 15:25

  νυνὶ δὲ πορεύομαι εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ
  nyni de poreuomai eis Ierousalēm
  now but I am going into Jerusalem
  but now I am going to Jerusalem

  Matthew 26:65
  τότε ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ