PDF 2 Kings

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Henry Whitney 2019-10-16 14:58:00 -04:00
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The servants refer to Saul in the third person as "our master." Alternate translation: "We ask that you, our master, command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]])
# command your servants who are before you to look
# command your servants who are before you to search
The servants refer to themselves in the third person as "your servants." Alternate translation: "command us, your servants who attend to you, to look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]])
The servants refer to themselves in the third person as "your servants." Alternate translation: "command us, your servants who attend to you, to search" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-123person]])
# is on you

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"As some Israelites were burying a man's body"
# they saw a group of Moabites
# they saw a marauding band of Moabites
It can be made explicit that they were afraid of the Moabites. Alternate translation: "they saw a group of Moabite raiders coming toward them and they were afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])

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A conspiracy is a secret plan by a group to do harm to someone or something.
# He attacked him and killed him
# He attacked him and put him to death
"Hoshea attacked Pekah and killed him"

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This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [2 Kings 14:22](../14/22.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# drove the men of Judah out of Elath
# drove the Jews out of Elath
"forced the men of Judah to leave Elath"
"forced the Jews to leave Elath"
# to this day

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# walking in the practices
# walking in the customs
"Walking" is metaphor for the ways or patterns of behavior people use in their lives. Alternate translation: "doing the activities" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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# used ... enchantments
# used divination and enchantments
used magic to say what would happen in the future
"Divination" is the use of magic gain information. "Enchantments" are sets of words that people believe have magic power over people and things. These two words together form a merism. Alternate translation: "practiced all kinds of magic" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]])
# sold themselves to do that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh

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# you have counsel and strength for war
The speaker is trying to convince the hearers that Hezekiah does not know how to defeat the Assyrians and would not have the might to carry out such a plan if he had one.
# In whom are you trusting, that you should rebel against me?
The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt's support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "You cannot trust anyone to help you rebel against me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
The speaker wants to make the hearers doubt that Egypt can support Judah. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "You cannot trust anyone to help you rebel against me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])

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# walking stick of this bruised reed of Egypt
# Egypt, this walking stick of crushed reed
The King of Assyria compares Egypt to a weak walking stick; you expect that it will support you when you lean on it, but instead it breaks and cuts you. Alternate translation: "the weak support from Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
The speaker compares Egypt to a weak walking stick; you expect that it will support you when you lean on it, but instead it breaks and cuts you. Alternate translation: "Egypt, which is like a walking stick made from a crushed reed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# but if a man leans ... and pierce it
# if a man leans ... and pierce it
The speaker is extending the metaphor by describing what happens when a reed is used as a support. Alternate translation: "but if someone uses this for support, he will be injured" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
The speaker is extending the metaphor by describing what happens when a reed is used as a support. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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"I will influence his thinking" or "I will cause him to think differently." Here "spirit" probably refers to his attitude and thoughts, rather than to a spirit being.
# certain report
You should translate this phrase using a word for a message that could be either true or false.
# I will cause him to fall by the sword
"Fall by the sword" is metonymy for being killed. Alternate translation: "I will cause him to die by the sword" or "I will cause some men to kill him with a sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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# General Information:
The writer begins to quote a poem by the prophet Isaiah that contains a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
# The virgin daughter of Zion
"Virgin daughter" here is a metaphor for the people of Jerusalem as if they are young, vibrant and beautiful. The term "daughter" was used to give personal characteristics to cities by some biblical writers. Alternate translation: "The beautiful people of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-personification]])
# The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn. The daughter of Jerusalem shakes her head at you.
Both of these sentences intend to give the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
# The daughter of Jerusalem
"Daughter" is metaphor for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "The people of the city of Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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# Whom have you defied and insulted? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride? Against the Holy One of Israel!
# Whom have you defied and reviled? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride? Against the Holy One of Israel!
Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to rebuke Sennacherib. Alternate translation: "You have defied and insulted me! You have exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride against me, the Holy One of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to rebuke Sennacherib. Alternate translation: "You have defied and reviled me! You have exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride against me, the Holy One of Israel!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
# lifted up your eyes in pride

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# He built altars for all the stars of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh
# He built altars for all the host of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh
It is implied that he built these altars so people could make sacrifices and worship the stars. Also, he would not have built these altars himself, rather he would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: "He had his workers build altars in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh so that the people could worship the stars and offer them sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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If your language has a way to mark the beginning of a new part of the story, consider using it here.
# had heard the words of the law
# had heard the words of the book of the law
Here "words" represents the message of the law. Alternate translation: "had heard the laws that were written in the book" or "had heard the laws that were written in the scroll" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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This continues to tell what King Josiah did in response to the message from Yahweh.
# He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw
# He brought out ... and burned it ... He crushed it ... and threw
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them crush it ... and throw" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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# Josiah also completely destroyed ... He also burned ... and beat ... He also burned
# Josiah also completely destroyed ... He also burned ... and crushed ... He also burned
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and "the priests under him" ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])

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# the servants
# his servants
"the army." These men served Nebuchadnezzar as soldiers. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 24:11](../24/11.md).
"his army." These men served Nebuchadnezzar as soldiers. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 24:11](../24/11.md).

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# The pots for removing ashes
# General Information:
You may need to make explicit which ashes are spoken of. Alternate translation: "The pots that were used for removing ashes from the altar" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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