PDF 2 Cor 1-13

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Henry Whitney 2019-09-20 09:33:44 -04:00
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"Not only do believers among all of the churches praise him"
# he also was selected by the churches
# he also was chosen by the churches
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the churches also selected him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the churches also chose him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# our traveling companion with this act of grace

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# who assume that
"who think that"
# we are walking
The word "walking" is a metaphor for the way a person lives his life. "we are acting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])

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This phrase is a metonym for the way mortal people do things. See how you translated it in [2 Corinthians 1:17](../01.17.md). Alternate translation: "the way most people do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# we do not wage war
# we do not make war
Paul speaks of his trying to persuade the Corinthians to believe him and not the false teachers as if he were fighting a physical war. These words should be translated literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
# wage war according to the flesh
# make war according to the flesh
Possible meanings are 1) the word "flesh" is a metonym for physical life. Alternate translation: "fight against our enemies using physical weapons" or 2) the word "flesh" is a metonym for sinful human nature. Alternate translation: "wage war in sinful ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Possible meanings are 1) the word "flesh" is a metonym for physical life. Alternate translation: "fight against our enemies using physical weapons" or 2) the word "flesh" is a metonym for sinful human nature. Alternate translation: "make war in sinful ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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As Paul continues to confirm his apostleship, he states specific things that have happened to him since he became a believer.
# Are they servants of Christ? (I speak as though I were out of my mind.) I am more
# Are they servants of Christ? (I speak as though I were insane.) I am more
Paul is asking questions the Corinthians might be asking and then answering them to emphasize that he is as much a Jew as the super-apostles are. You should keep the question-and-answer form if possible. Alternate translation: "They say they are servants of Christ—I speak as though I were out of my mind—but I am more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
Paul is asking questions the Corinthians might be asking and then answering them to emphasize that he is as much a Jew as the super-apostles are. You should keep the question-and-answer form if possible. Alternate translation: "They say they are servants of Christ—I speak as though I were insane—but I am more" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
# as though I were out of my mind
# as though I were insane
"as though I were unable to think well"

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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I will grieve because many of you have sinned before now and have not repented ... that you have practiced" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# did not repent of the impurity and sexual immorality and lustful indulgence
# did not repent of the uncleanness and sexual immorality and lustful indulgence
Possible meanings are 1) Paul is saying almost the same thing three times for emphasis. Alternate translation: "did not stop commiting the sexual sins that they practiced" or 2) Paul is speaking of three different sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
Possible meanings are 1) Paul is saying almost the same thing three times for emphasis. Alternate translation: "did not stop commiting the sexual sins that they practiced" or 2) Paul is speaking of three different sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublet]])
# of the impurity
# of the uncleanness
The abstract noun impurity can be translated as "things that do not please God." Alternate translation: "of secretly thinking about and desiring things that do not please God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
The abstract noun uncleanness can be translated as "things that do not please God." Alternate translation: "of secretly thinking about and desiring things that do not please God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
# of the ... sexual immorality

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Paul establishes that Christ is speaking through him and that Paul is wanting to restore them, encourage them, and unify them.
# Every matter must be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses
# Every matter must be established by the mouth of two or three witnesses
Here a "matter" is an accusation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Believe that someone has done something wrong only after two or three people have said the same thing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
Here a "matter" is an accusation and "mouth" is a metonym for the testimony a person gives through his mouth. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Believe that someone has done something wrong only after two or three people have given the same testimony" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])

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Possible meanings are 1) living inside each individual or 2) "among you," part of and the most important member of the group.
# you have failed the test
"you have examined and tested yourself and found that you are not in the faith and Jesus Christ is not in you"