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May he come down like rain on the mown grass
The king will be good, and he will do good things for his people as if he were rain doing good for freshly cut grass. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile)
May he come
"I desire that he come"
like showers that water
"May he come down like showers that water." The king will be good, and he will do good things for his people as if he were rain doing good for the ground. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile)
the righteous
The adjective "righteous" can be translated as a noun phrase. AT: "righteous people" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj)
in his days
Possible meanings are 1) "while the king rules" or 2) "as long as the righteous person lives" or "as long as the righteous people live."
may there be an abundance of peace
The psalmist speaks as if peace were a physical object like food. An "abundance" is when there is much of something. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "abundance" and "peace." AT: "may righteous people live peacefully" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns)
till the moon is no more
"as long as the moon shines" or "forever" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)