guilt, guilty, held accountable, reason for ... penalty

Definition:

The term "guilt" refers to the fact of having sinned or committed a crime.

To "be guilty" means to have done something morally wrong, that is, to have disobeyed God.
The opposite of "guilty" is "innocent."

Some languages might translate "guilt" as "the weight of sin" or "the counting of sins."
Ways to translate to "be guilty" could include a word or phrase that means, to "be at fault" or "having done something morally wrong" or "having committed a sin."

39:02 They brought many witnesses who lied about him (Jesus). However, their statements did not agree with each other, so the Jewish leaders could not prove he was guilty of anything.
39:11 After speaking with Jesus, Pilate went out to the crowd and said, "I find no guilt in this man." But the Jewish leaders and the crowd shouted, "Crucify him!" Pilate replied, "He is not guilty." But they shouted even louder. Then Pilate said a third time, "He is not guilty!"
40:04 Jesus was crucified between two robbers. One of them mocked Jesus, but the other said, "Don't you fear God? We are guilty, but this man is innocent.
49:10 Because of your sin, you are guilty and deserve to die.