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Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person.
But it is to the extent of your hardness and unrepentant heart
Paul compares a person who refuses to listen and obey God to something hard, like a stone. The heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "It is because you refuse to listen and repent." (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor, rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
you are storing up for yourself wrath
The phrase "storing up" usually refers to a person gathering his treasures and putting it in a safe place. Paul says instead of treasures the person is gathering God's punishment. The longer they go without repenting, the more severe the punishment. Alternate translation: "you are making your punishment worse."
in the day of wrath, the day of the revelation of God's righteous judgment
These refer to the same day. Alternate translation: "when God shows everyone that he is angry and that he judges all people fairly" (see UDB).
pay back
"give a fair reward or punishment"
to every person the same measure of his actions
"according to what each person has done"
to those who according to consistent, good actions have sought praise, honor, and incorruptibility—eternal life
"He will give eternal life to those who have shown by consistently doing good things that they were seeking praise, honor, and incorruptibility"
have sought
This means that they act in a way that will lead to a positive decision from God on judgment day.
praise, honor, and incorruptibility
They want God to praise and honor them, and they want to never die.
incorruptibility
This refers to physical, not moral, decay.