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General Information:
It is not clear what events this verse describes. The Jews had been accusing Paul, but it appears that they ended up beating Sosthenes and not Paul.
So they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him in front of the judgment seat
Possible meanings are 1) the Gentiles beat Sosthenes in the court in front of the judgment seat because he was the Jewish leader or 2) Sosthenes was a believer in Christ, so even though he was "the ruler of the synagogue," the Jews beat him in front of the court.
they all seized
This may be an exaggeration to emphasize the strong feelings the people had. Alternate translation: "many people seized" or "many of them grabbed" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole)
Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue
Sosthenes was "the ruler of the synagogue" at Corinth. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
beat him
"repeatedly hit him" or "repeatedly punched him."