en_tn/rom/10/19.md

Moreover, I say, "Did Israel not know?"

Paul uses a question for emphasis. The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people who lived in the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "Again I tell you the people of Israel did know the message" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)

First Moses says, "I will provoke you ... I will stir you up

This means that Moses wrote down what God said. "I" refers to God, and "you" refers to the Israelites. Alternate translation: "First Moses says that God will provoke you ... God will stir you up" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations)

by what is not a nation

"by those you do not consider to be a real nation" or "by people who do not belong to any nation"

By means of a nation without understanding

Here "without understanding" means that the people do not know God. Alternate translation: "By a nation with people who do not know me or my commands" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)

I will stir you up to anger

"I will make you angry" or "I will cause you to become angry"

you

This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you)