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Merge branch 'master' into Jere_branch
This commit is contained in:
commit
7e8d595ef9
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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ God did these things on the first day that the universe existed.
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# evening and ... morning
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This refers to the whole day. The writer speaks of the whole day as if it were these two parts. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]])
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This refers to the whole day. In the Jewish culture, a day begins when the sun sets.
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@ -10,7 +10,4 @@ You could translate this as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: "This is
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There were many generations between Jesus, David, and Abraham. Here "son" means "descendant." Alternate translation: "Jesus Christ, a descendant of David, who was a descendant of Abraham"
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# son of David
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Sometimes the phrase "son of David" is used as a title, but here it seems to be used only to identify Jesus's ancestry.
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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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# Abraham was the father of Isaac
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"Abraham became the father of Isaac" or "Abraham had a son Isaac" or "Abraham had a son named Isaac." There are different ways you could translate this. Whichever way you translate it here, it would be best to translate it the same way throughout the list of Jesus's ancestors.
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"Abraham became the father of Isaac" or "Abraham had a son Isaac" or "Abraham had a son named Isaac." Whichever way you translate "was the father of" here, it would be best to translate it the same way throughout the list of Jesus's ancestors.
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# Isaac the father ... Jacob the father
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# Isaac the father of Jacob, and Jacob the father of
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Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Isaac was the father ... Jacob was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
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Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Isaac was the father of Jacob, and Jacob was the father of"
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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# Perez ... Zerah ... Hezron ... Ram
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These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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# Perez the father ... Hezron the father
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Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Perez was the father ... Hezron was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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# Amminadab the father ... Nahshon the father
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Here the word "was" is understood. Alternate translation: "Amminadab was the father ... Nahshon was the father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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# Rehoboam the father of Abijah, Abijah the father of Asa
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The word "was" is understood in both of these phrases. Alternate translation: "Rehoboam was the father of Abijah, and Abijah was the father of Asa" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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# Joram
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This man was called both Joram and Jehoram in the Old Testament.
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This man was called both Joram and Jehoram in the Old Testament. Some versions have "Jehoram" in this verse.
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
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# Josiah was an ancestor of Jechoniah
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A more specific term for "ancestor" can also be used, particularly if the word "ancestor" would only be used for someone who lived before one's grandparents. Alternate translation: "Josiah was a grandfather of Jechoniah"
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# at the time of the deportation to Babylon
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"when they were forced to move to Babylon" or "when the Babylonians conquered them and made them go live in Babylon." If your language needs to specify who went to Babylon, you could say "the Israelites" or "the Israelites who lived in Judah."
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"when they were forced to move to Babylon" or "when the Babylonians conquered the Israelites and made them go live in Babylon"
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# Babylon
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12
mat/01/12.md
12
mat/01/12.md
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@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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# After the deportation to Babylon
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Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md).
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# Shealtiel was an ancestor of Zerubbabel
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Shealtiel was Zerubbabel's grandfather.
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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# General Information:
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This page has intentionally been left blank.
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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# General Information:
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This page has intentionally been left blank.
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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This continues the genealogy of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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10
mat/01/16.md
10
mat/01/16.md
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@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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The author concludes Jesus's genealogy, which began in [Matthew 1:1](../01/01.md).
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# Mary, by whom Jesus was born
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Mary, who gave birth to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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# who is called Christ
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom people call Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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"Mary, who gave birth to Jesus"
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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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# fourteen
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"14" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
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# deportation to Babylon
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Use the same wording you used in [Matthew 1:11](../01/11.md).
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18
mat/01/18.md
18
mat/01/18.md
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@ -1,28 +1,20 @@
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# General Information:
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This begins a new part of the story in which the author describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.
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# His mother, Mary, was engaged to marry Joseph
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"His mother, Mary, was going to marry Joseph." Parents normally arranged the marriages of their children. Alternate translation: "The parents of Mary, the mother of Jesus, had promised her in marriage to Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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"his mother, Mary, was promised in marriage to Joseph" or "His mother, Mary, was going to marry Joseph"
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# His mother, Mary, was engaged
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Translate in a way that makes it clear that Jesus was not already born when Mary was engaged to Joseph. Alternate translation: "Mary, who would be the mother of Jesus, was engaged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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Jesus was not already born when Mary was engaged to Joseph. Alternate translation: "Mary, who would be the mother of Jesus, was engaged"
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# before they came together
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"before they got married." This may refer to Mary and Joseph sleeping together. Alternate translation: "before they had slept together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
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"before they got married." This may refer to Mary and Joseph sleeping together. Alternate translation: "before they had slept together"
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# she was found to be pregnant
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they realized that she was pregnant" or "it happened that she was pregnant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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"they realized that she was pregnant"
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# to be pregnant
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"to be carrying a child"
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# by the Holy Spirit
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# pregnant by the Holy Spirit
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The power of the Holy Spirit had enabled Mary to have a baby before she had slept with a man.
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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# Joseph, her husband
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Joseph had not married Mary yet, but when a man and woman promised to marry each other, Jews considered them husband and wife though they did not live together. Alternate translation: "Joseph, who was supposed to marry Mary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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Joseph had not married Mary yet, but when a man and woman promised to marry each other, Jews considered them husband and wife though they did not live together. Alternate translation: "Joseph, who was supposed to marry Mary"
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# to divorce her quietly
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@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
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# As he thought
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"As Joseph thought"
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# appeared to him in a dream
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"came to him while Joseph was dreaming"
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@ -12,5 +8,5 @@ Here "son" means "descendant."
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# the one who is conceived in her is conceived by the Holy Spirit
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant with this child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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"the Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant with this child"
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15
mat/01/21.md
15
mat/01/21.md
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@ -1,16 +1,7 @@
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# She will bear a son
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# you will call his name Jesus
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Because God sent the angel, the angel knew the baby was a boy.
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# you will call his name
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"you must name him" or "you must give him the name." This is a command.
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"you must name him Jesus" or "you must give him the name Jesus."
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# for he will save
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Translator may add a footnote that says "The name 'Jesus' means 'the Lord saves.'"
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# his people
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This refers to the Jews.
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You may add a footnote that says, "The name 'Jesus' means 'the Lord saves.'"
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10
mat/01/22.md
10
mat/01/22.md
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@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
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# General Information:
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The author quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that Jesus's birth was according to scripture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]])
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# all this happened
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# Now all this happened
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The angel is no longer speaking. Matthew is now explaining the importance of what the angel said.
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# what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord told the prophet to write long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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"what the Lord told the prophet to write"
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# the prophet
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There were many prophets. Matthew was speaking of Isaiah. Alternate translation: "the prophet Isaiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
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There were many prophets. Alternate translation: "a prophet" or "the prophet Isaiah"
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10
mat/01/23.md
10
mat/01/23.md
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@ -2,15 +2,11 @@
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Here Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah.
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# Behold, the virgin
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# Behold, the virgin will become pregnant
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"Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the virgin"
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# Immanuel
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This is a male name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
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"Look, the virgin will become pregnant" or "Pay attention. The virgin will conceive"
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# Immanuel"—which being translated is, "God with us."
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This is not in the book of Isaiah. Matthew is explaining the meaning of the name "Immanuel." You could translate it as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "Immanuel." This name means 'God with us.'"
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After quoting the prophet, Matthew explains what the name "Immanuel" means. Alternate translation: "Immanuel." This name means 'God with us.'"
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@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
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# Connecting Statement:
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The author concludes his description of the events leading up to the birth of Jesus.
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# as the angel of the Lord commanded
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The angel had told Joseph to take Mary as his wife and to name the child Jesus.
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# he took her as his wife
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"he married Mary"
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@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
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# he did not know her
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This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: "he did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
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This is a polite way of speaking about sexual relations. Alternate translation: "he did not have sexual relations with her"
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# to a son
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"to a male baby" or "to her son." Make sure it is clear that Joseph is not portrayed as the actual father.
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"to a male baby" or "to her son." Joseph was not the actual father.
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# Then he called his name Jesus
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"Joseph named the child Jesus"
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@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
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# Matthew 1 General Notes
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### Structure and formatting
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Some translations set a quotation from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this for the quoted material in 1:23.
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### Special concepts in this chapter
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#### Genealogy
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A genealogy is a list that records a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could become king. Most important people had records of their genealogies.
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### Important figures of speech in this chapter
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#### Use of the passive voice
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Matthew uses the passive voice very purposefully in this chapter to indicate that Mary did not have a sexual relationship with anyone. She became pregnant with Jesus because the Holy Spirit performed a miracle. Many languages do not have a passive voice, so translators in those languages must find other ways to present the same truths. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
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## Links:
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* __[Matthew 1:1](../01/01.md)__
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* __[Matthew intro](../front/intro.md)__
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__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__
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10
mat/02/01.md
10
mat/02/01.md
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@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
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# General Information:
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||||
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A new part of the story begins here and continues through the end of the chapter. Matthew tells about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews.
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# Bethlehem of Judea
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"the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea"
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@ -10,13 +6,9 @@ A new part of the story begins here and continues through the end of the chapter
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"when Herod was king there"
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# Herod
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This refers to Herod the Great.
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# learned men from the east
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"men from the east who studied the stars"
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"knowledgable men from the east"
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# from the east
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@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ The men knew from studying the stars that the one who would become king had been
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# his star
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They were not saying that the baby was the rightful owner of the star. Alternate translation: "the star that tells about him" or "the star that is associated with his birth"
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"the star that tells about him" or "the star that is associated with his birth"
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# in the east
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"as it came up in the east" or "while we were in our country"
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Possible meanings are 1) "as it came up in the east" or 2) "while we were in the east"
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# worship
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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
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# he was troubled
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"he was worried." Herod was worried that this baby would replace him as king.
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"he was worried"
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# all Jerusalem
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# and all Jerusalem with him
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Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people. Also, "all" means "many." Matthew is exaggerating to emphasize how many people were worried. Alternate translation: "many of the people in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]])
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||||
Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "and many of the people in Jerusalem were also troubled"
|
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@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
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# General Information:
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This page has intentionally been left blank.
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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
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# this is what was written by the prophet
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This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "this is what the prophet wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
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"this is what the prophet wrote"
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@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
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# General Information:
|
||||
|
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The chief priests and scribes of the people quote the prophet Micah to show that the Christ would be born in Bethlehem.
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The chief priests and scribes quoted the prophet Micah to show that the Christ would be born in Bethlehem.
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# you, Bethlehem, ... are not the least among the rulers of Judah
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Micah was speaking to the people of Bethlehem as if they were with him but they were not. Also, "are not the least" can be translated with a positive phrase. Alternate translation: "you, people of Bethlehem, ... your town is among the most important towns in Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-litotes]])
|
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Alternate translation: "you, people of Bethlehem, ... your town is among the most important towns in Judah"
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# who will shepherd my people Israel
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||||
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Micah speaks of this ruler as a shepherd. This means he will lead and care for the people. Alternate translation: "who will lead my people Israel as a shepherd leads his sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
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This means he will lead and care for the people. Alternate translation: "who will lead my people Israel as a shepherd leads his sheep"
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12
mat/02/07.md
12
mat/02/07.md
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
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# Herod secretly called the learned men
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# called the learned men to ask them exactly what time the star had appeared.
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||||
This means that Herod talked to the learned men without other people knowing.
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||||
# men to ask them exactly what time the star had appeared.
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||||
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||||
This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "men, and he asked them, 'When exactly did this star appear?'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
|
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# what time the star had appeared
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||||
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||||
It is implied that the learned men told him when the star appeared. Alternate translation: "what time the star had appeared. The learned men told Herod when the star first appeared" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
"called the men and asked them, 'When exactly did the star appear?'"
|
||||
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||||
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@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
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# young child
|
||||
|
||||
This refers to Jesus.
|
||||
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||||
# bring me a report
|
||||
|
||||
"report back to me" or "let me know"
|
||||
|
||||
# worship him
|
||||
|
||||
See how you translated this in [Matthew 2:2](../02/02.md).
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
12
mat/02/09.md
12
mat/02/09.md
|
|
@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# After they
|
||||
|
||||
"After the learned men"
|
||||
|
||||
# they had seen in the east
|
||||
|
||||
"they had seen come up in the east" or "they had seen in their country"
|
||||
|
||||
# went before them
|
||||
|
||||
"guided them" or "led them"
|
||||
|
|
@ -14,7 +6,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
"stopped over"
|
||||
|
||||
# where the young child was
|
||||
# over where the young child was
|
||||
|
||||
"the place where the young child was staying"
|
||||
"over the place where the young child was staying"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
14
mat/02/11.md
14
mat/02/11.md
|
|
@ -1,16 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Here the scene shifts to the house where Mary, Joseph, and the young Jesus were living.
|
||||
|
||||
# They went
|
||||
|
||||
"The learned men went"
|
||||
|
||||
# They fell down and worshiped him
|
||||
|
||||
"They knelt down and put their faces close to the ground." They did this to honor Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
"They knelt down and put their faces close to the ground." They did this to honor Jesus.
|
||||
|
||||
# their treasures
|
||||
# they opened their treasures
|
||||
|
||||
Here "treasures" refers to the boxes or bags they used to carry their treasures. Alternate translation: "the containers that held their treasures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
Here "treasures" refers to the boxes or bags they used to carry their treasures. Alternate translation: "the opened the containers that held their treasures"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# God warned them
|
||||
|
||||
"Afterwards, God warned the learned men." God knew that Herod wanted to harm the child.
|
||||
|
||||
# dream not to return to Herod, so
|
||||
|
||||
This can be translated as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "dream, saying, 'Do not go back to King Herod,' so" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
# in a dream not to return to Herod, so
|
||||
|
||||
This can be translated with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "in a dream saying, 'Do not go back to King Herod.' So"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
16
mat/02/13.md
16
mat/02/13.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# they had departed
|
||||
|
||||
"the learned men had departed"
|
||||
|
||||
# appeared to Joseph in a dream
|
||||
|
||||
"came to Joseph while he was dreaming"
|
||||
|
||||
# Get up, take ... flee ... Remain ... you
|
||||
|
||||
God is speaking to Joseph, so these should all be singular forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
"came to Joseph while Joseph was dreaming"
|
||||
|
||||
# until I tell you
|
||||
|
||||
The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "until I tell you it is safe to come back" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
# I tell you
|
||||
|
||||
Here "I" refers to God. The angel is speaking for God.
|
||||
"until I tell you to come back"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -4,21 +4,18 @@ Matthew quotes the prophet Hosea to show that the Christ would spend time in Egy
|
|||
|
||||
# He remained
|
||||
|
||||
It is implied that Joseph, Mary, and Jesus remained in Egypt. Alternate translation: "They remained" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
Mary and Jesus were with Joseph. Alternate translation: "They remained"
|
||||
|
||||
# until the death of Herod
|
||||
|
||||
Herod does not die until [Matthew 2:19](../02/19.md). This statement describes the length of their stay in Egypt, and it does not say that Herod died at this time.
|
||||
This phrase shows how long they stayed in Egypt. It does not say that Herod died at this point in the story.
|
||||
|
||||
# what had been spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying
|
||||
|
||||
This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord had said through the prophet; he had said" or "what the Lord had told the prophet to tell the people; he had said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"what the Lord had said through the prophet; he said" or "what the Lord had told the prophet to say; he said"
|
||||
|
||||
# Out of Egypt I have called my Son
|
||||
|
||||
"I have called my Son out of Egypt"
|
||||
|
||||
# my Son
|
||||
|
||||
In Hosea this refers to the people of Israel. Matthew quoted it to say that this was true of God's Son, Jesus. Translate it using a word for son that could refer to the only son or the first son.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
20
mat/02/16.md
20
mat/02/16.md
|
|
@ -1,24 +1,12 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
These events happen before Herod's death, which Matthew mentioned in [Matthew 2:15](../02/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-events]])
|
||||
|
||||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Here the scene shifts back to Herod and tells what he did when he learned that the learned men had deceived him.
|
||||
|
||||
# he had been mocked by the learned men
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the learned men had embarrassed him by tricking him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the learned men had tricked him"
|
||||
|
||||
# He sent and killed all the male children
|
||||
|
||||
Herod did not kill the children himself. Alternate translation: "He gave orders for his soldiers to kill all the boys" or "He sent soldiers there to kill all the boy babies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
Herod did not kill the children himself. Alternate translation: "He sent soldiers to kill all the baby boys"
|
||||
|
||||
# two years old and under
|
||||
# according to the time that he had determined exactly from the learned men
|
||||
|
||||
"2 years old and younger" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
|
||||
# according to the time
|
||||
|
||||
"based on the time"
|
||||
based on what he discovered from the learned men about exactly when the star had appeared
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Matthew quotes the prophet Jeremiah to show that the death of all of the male children in the region of Bethlehem was according to scripture.
|
||||
Matthew quotes the prophet Jeremiah to show that the death of all the baby boys in the region of Bethlehem was according to scripture.
|
||||
|
||||
# Then was fulfilled
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "This fulfilled" or "Herod's actions fulfilled" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"This fulfilled" or "Herod's actions fulfilled"
|
||||
|
||||
# what had been spoken through Jeremiah the prophet
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophet Jeremiah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"what the Lord had said through the prophet Jeremiah"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Matthew is quoting the prophet Jeremiah.
|
|||
|
||||
# A voice was heard
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People heard a voice" or "There was a loud sound" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"People heard a voice" or "There was a loud sound"
|
||||
|
||||
# Rachel weeping for her children
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ Rachel lived many years before this time. This prophecy shows Rachel, who has di
|
|||
|
||||
# she refused to be comforted
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "no one could comfort her" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"no one could comfort her" or "she did not let anyone comfort her"
|
||||
|
||||
# because they were no more
|
||||
|
||||
"because the children were gone and would never return." Here "were no more" is a mild way of saying they are dead. Alternate translation: "because they were dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
"because the children were gone forever." This is a mild way of saying they were dead. Alternate translation: "because they were dead"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Here the scene shifts to Egypt, where Joseph, Mary, and the young Jesus are living.
|
||||
|
||||
# behold
|
||||
|
||||
This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this.
|
||||
This word marks the beginning of another event in the larger story.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# those who sought the child's life
|
||||
|
||||
Here "sought the child's life" is a way of saying they wanted to kill the child. "Alternate translation: "those who were looking for the child in order to kill him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
|
||||
# those who sought
|
||||
|
||||
This refers to King Herod and his advisors.
|
||||
"those who were looking for the child in order to kill him"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
11
mat/02/22.md
11
mat/02/22.md
|
|
@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 2:1](../02/01.md) about Herod's attempt to kill the new King of the Jews.
|
||||
|
||||
# But when he heard
|
||||
|
||||
"But when Joseph heard"
|
||||
|
||||
# Archelaus
|
||||
|
||||
This is the name of Herod's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
|
||||
|
||||
# he was afraid
|
||||
|
||||
"Joseph was afraid"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# what had been spoken through the prophets
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"what the Lord spoke long ago through the prophets"
|
||||
|
||||
# he would be called a Nazarene
|
||||
|
||||
Here "he" refers to Jesus. The prophets before the time of Jesus would have referred to him as the Messiah or the Christ. Alternate translation: "people would say that the Christ is a Nazarene" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
|
||||
Here "he" refers to Jesus. The prophets before the time of Jesus would have referred to him as the Messiah or the Christ. Alternate translation: "people would say that the Christ is a Nazarene"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Matthew 2 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 6 and 18, which is from the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-poetry]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "His star"
|
||||
|
||||
These words probably refer to a star that the learned men believed to be the sign of a new king of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "Learned men"
|
||||
|
||||
English translations use many different words to translate this phrase. These words include "magi" and "wise men." These men could have been scientists or astrologers. If you can, you should translate this with the general words "learned men."
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
* __[Matthew 2:1 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This is the beginning of a new part of the story where Matthew tells of the ministry of John the Baptist.
|
||||
|
||||
# In those days
|
||||
|
||||
This is many years after Joseph and his family left Egypt and went to Nazareth. This is probably near the time that Jesus begins his ministry. Alternate translation: "Some time later" or "Some years later"
|
||||
This happened many years after Joseph and his family went to Nazareth. The phrase "those days" probably refers to the time that Jesus was still living in Nazareth. Alternate translation: "In those times" or "Some years later"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Repent
|
||||
|
||||
This is plural in form. John is speaking to the crowds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# the kingdom of heaven is near
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, use the word "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God ruling as king. Alternate translation: "our God in heaven will soon show himself to be king"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
15
mat/03/03.md
15
mat/03/03.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,15 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Matthew quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that John the Baptist was God's appointed messenger to prepare for Jesus's ministry.
|
||||
|
||||
# For this is he who was spoken of by Isaiah the prophet, saying
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Isaiah the prophet was speaking of John the Baptist when he said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"For John is the one Isaiah the prophet spoke about when he said"
|
||||
|
||||
# The voice of one calling out in the wilderness
|
||||
|
||||
This can be expressed as a sentence. Alternate translation: "The voice of one calling out in the wilderness is heard" or "They hear the sound of someone calling out in the wilderness"
|
||||
"The voice of one calling out in the wilderness is heard" or "They hear the sound of someone calling out in the wilderness"
|
||||
|
||||
# Make ready the way of the Lord ... make his paths straight
|
||||
# Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight
|
||||
|
||||
These two phrases are similar in meaning, but the second is more specific. They teach people to prepare their hearts to hear the Lord's message when he comes. Alternate translation: "Make the road ready for the Lord, prepare for him to come."
|
||||
|
||||
These two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
|
||||
# Make ready the way of the Lord
|
||||
|
||||
"Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents being prepared to hear the Lord's message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: "Prepare to hear the Lord's message when he comes" or "Repent and be ready for the Lord to come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Now ... wild honey
|
||||
|
||||
The word "Now" is used here to mark a pause in the story. Here Matthew tells background information about John the Baptist. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/writing-background]])
|
||||
|
||||
# wore clothing of camel's hair and a leather belt around his waist
|
||||
|
||||
This clothing symbolizes that John is a prophet like the prophets from long ago, especially the prophet Elijah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Then Jerusalem, all Judea, and all the region
|
||||
|
||||
The words "Jerusalem," "Judea," and "the region" are metonyms for the people from those areas. The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many people went out. Alternate translation: Then very may people from Jerusalem, Judea, and that region" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-hyperbole]])
|
||||
The words "Jerusalem," "Judea," and "the region" refer to the people from those areas. The word "all" is an exaggeration to emphasize that very many people went out. Alternate translation: Then very may people from Jerusalem, Judea, and that region"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
|
|||
# They were baptized by him ... River, confessing their sins
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "John baptized them ... River after they confessed their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"John baptized them ... River after they confessed their sins"
|
||||
|
||||
# They
|
||||
|
||||
This refers to the people coming from Jerusalem, Judea, and the region around the Jordan River.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
10
mat/03/07.md
10
mat/03/07.md
|
|
@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
John the Baptist begins to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees.
|
||||
|
||||
# You offspring of vipers, who
|
||||
|
||||
This is a metaphor. Here "offspring" means "having the characteristic of." Vipers are a kind of dangerous snakes and represent evil. This can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: "You evil poisonous snakes! Who" or "You are evil like poisonous snakes! Who" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
Here "offspring" means "those who are like something." Vipers are dangerous snakes and represent evil. Alternate translation: "You evil poisonous snakes! Who" or "You are evil like poisonous snakes! Who"
|
||||
|
||||
# who warned you to flee from the wrath that is coming?
|
||||
|
||||
John uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees because they were asking him to baptize them so that God would not punish them, but they did not want to stop sinning. Alternate translation: "you cannot flee from God's wrath like this." or "do not think that you can flee from God's wrath just because I baptize you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
John rebukes the Pharisees and Sadducees. Alternate translation: "you cannot flee from God's wrath like this." or "do not think that you can flee from God's wrath just because I baptize you."
|
||||
|
||||
# flee from the wrath that is coming
|
||||
|
||||
The word "wrath" is being used to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "run away from the punishment that is coming" or "escape because God is about to punish you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
The word "wrath" is used here to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "run away from the punishment that is coming" or "escape because God is about to punish you"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# Bear fruit worthy of repentance
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "bear fruit" is a metaphor referring to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Let your actions show that you have truly repented" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "bear fruit" is used here to refer to a person's actions. Alternate translation: "Let your actions show that you have truly repented"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# We have Abraham for our father
|
||||
|
||||
"Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are descendants of Abraham." The Jewish leaders thought that God would not punish them since they were descendants of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
# For I say to you
|
||||
|
||||
This adds emphasis to what John is about to say.
|
||||
"Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are descendants of Abraham." The Jewish leaders thought that God would not punish them since they were descendants of Abraham.
|
||||
|
||||
# God is able to raise up children for Abraham even out of these stones
|
||||
|
||||
"God is able to make physical descendants out of even these stones and give them to Abraham"
|
||||
"God can make even these stones become children of Abraham"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
John the Baptist continues to rebuke the Pharisees and Sadducees.
|
||||
|
||||
# Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire
|
||||
|
||||
This metaphor means God is ready to punish sinners. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has his axe and he is ready to cut down and burn any tree that grows bad fruit" or "As a person gets his axe ready to cut down and burn a tree that grows bad fruit, God is ready to punish you for your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
This means that God is ready to punish sinners. Alternate translation: "God has his axe and he is ready to cut down and burn any tree that does not produce good fruit" or "As a person gets his axe ready to cut down and burn a tree that does not produce good fruit, God is ready to punish you for your sin"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -2,15 +2,12 @@
|
|||
|
||||
"to show that you have repented"
|
||||
|
||||
# But he who comes after me
|
||||
# he who comes after me
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus is the person who comes after John.
|
||||
John was speaking about the Christ, although he probably did not know who that was.
|
||||
|
||||
# is mightier than I
|
||||
|
||||
"is more important than I am"
|
||||
|
||||
# He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire
|
||||
|
||||
This metaphor compares John's baptism with water to the future baptism with fire. This means John's baptism only symbolically cleanses people of their sins. The baptism by Holy Spirit and fire will truly cleanse people of their sins. If possible, use the word "baptize" in your translation to keep the comparison to John's baptism. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
18
mat/03/12.md
18
mat/03/12.md
|
|
@ -1,24 +1,18 @@
|
|||
# His winnowing fork is in his hand
|
||||
|
||||
This metaphor compares the way Christ will separate the righteous people from the unrighteous people to the way a man separates wheat grain from chaff. Alternate translation: "Christ is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
General Information: This verse uses the image of a farmer separating the wheat grains from the wheat chaff to teach that Christ will separate righteous people from unrighteous people.
|
||||
|
||||
# His winnowing fork is in his hand
|
||||
|
||||
Here "in his hand" means the person is ready to act. Alternate translation: "Christ is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
"He is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand"
|
||||
|
||||
# winnowing fork
|
||||
|
||||
This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar in shape to a pitchfork but with wide tines made of wood. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]])
|
||||
This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind.
|
||||
|
||||
# his threshing floor
|
||||
|
||||
"his ground" or "the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff"
|
||||
"his floor" or "the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff"
|
||||
|
||||
# gather his wheat into the storehouse ... burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put out
|
||||
# fire that can never be put out
|
||||
|
||||
This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil people. The righteous will go to heaven like wheat into a farmer's storehouse, and God will burn the people who are like chaff with a fire that will never be put out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
|
||||
# can never be put out
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will never burn out" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"fire that no one can put out" or "fire that will never burn out"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Here the scene shifts to a later time when John the Baptist baptizes Jesus.
|
||||
|
||||
# to be baptized by John
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so John could baptize him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"so John could baptize him"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?
|
||||
|
||||
John uses a question to show his surprise at Jesus's request. Alternate translation: "You are more important than I am. I should not baptize you. You should baptize me." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
John uses a question to show his surprise at Jesus's request. Alternate translation: "I need you to baptize me, yet you want me to baptize you."
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# for us
|
||||
|
||||
Here "us" refers to Jesus and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-exclusive]])
|
||||
|
||||
# John permitted him
|
||||
|
||||
You may need to make explicit that John permitted Jesus to be baptized by John. Alternate translation: "John allowed Jesus to be baptized" or "John agreed to baptize Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
"John allowed Jesus to be baptized" or "John agreed to baptize Jesus"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
12
mat/03/16.md
12
mat/03/16.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,12 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
This is the end of the part of the story about John the Baptist. It describes what happened after he baptized Jesus.
|
||||
|
||||
# After he was baptized
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After John baptized Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
||||
# behold
|
||||
|
||||
The word "behold" here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
|
||||
|
||||
# the heavens were opened to him
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus saw the sky open" or "God opened the heavens to Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"Jesus saw the sky open" or "God opened the heavens to Jesus"
|
||||
|
||||
# coming down like a dove
|
||||
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) this is simply a statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove or 2) this is a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-simile]])
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) the Spirit was in the form of a dove or 2) the Spirit came down gently, the way a dove would.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# a voice came out of the heavens saying
|
||||
|
||||
"Jesus heard a voice from heaven." Here "voice" refers to God speaking. Alternate translation: "God spoke from heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
Here "a voice" refers to God speaking. Alternate translation: "A speaker said from heaven" or "God said from heaven"
|
||||
|
||||
# Son
|
||||
|
||||
This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
|
||||
This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Matthew 3 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULB does this with the quoted material in verse 3.
|
||||
|
||||
### Special concepts in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "Bear fruit worthy of repentance"
|
||||
|
||||
Fruit is a common picture word in the scriptures. Writers use it to describe the results of either good or bad behavior. In this chapter, good fruit is the result of living as God commands. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fruit]])
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "The kingdom of heaven is near"
|
||||
|
||||
No one knows for sure whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when John spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phrases "is coming near" and "has come near."
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
* __[Matthew 3:1 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../02/intro.md) | [>>](../04/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Here Matthew begins a new part of the story in which Satan tempts Jesus in the wilderness after Jesus has been there for 40 days.
|
||||
|
||||
# Jesus was led up by the Spirit
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Spirit led Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"the Spirit led Jesus"
|
||||
|
||||
# to be tempted by the devil
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so the devil could tempt Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"so the devil could tempt Jesus"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ These refer to Jesus.
|
|||
|
||||
# forty days and forty nights
|
||||
|
||||
"40 days and 40 nights." This refers to 24-hour periods. Alternate translation: "40 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
|
||||
"40 days and 40 nights." This refers to 24-hour periods. Alternate translation: "40 days"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
11
mat/04/03.md
11
mat/04/03.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
|
|||
# The tempter
|
||||
|
||||
These words refer to the same being as "the devil" (verse 1). You may have to use the same word to translate both.
|
||||
These words refer to the same being as "the devil" (verse 1).
|
||||
|
||||
# If you are the Son of God, command
|
||||
|
||||
It is best to assume that Satan knew that Jesus is the Son of God. Possible meanings are 1) this is a temptation to do miracles for Jesus's own benefit. Alternate translation: "You are the Son of God, so you can command" or 2) this is a challenge or accusation. Alternate translation: "Prove that you are the Son of God by commanding"
|
||||
It is best to assume that Satan knew that Jesus is the Son of God. Possible meanings are 1) this is a temptation to do miracles for Jesus's own benefit. Alternate translation: "You are the Son of God, so you can command" or 2) this is a challenge. Alternate translation: "Prove that you are the Son of God by commanding"
|
||||
|
||||
# the Son of God
|
||||
|
||||
This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
|
||||
This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God.
|
||||
|
||||
# command these stones to become bread.
|
||||
|
||||
You could translate this with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "say to these stones, 'Become bread.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
"say to these stones, 'Become bread.'"
|
||||
|
||||
# bread
|
||||
|
||||
Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate translation: "food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus rebukes Satan with a quotation from Deuteronomy.
|
||||
|
||||
# It is written
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses wrote this in the scriptures long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"The scriptures say" or "God said in the scriptures"
|
||||
|
||||
# Man does not live on bread alone
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -12,5 +8,5 @@ This implies that there is something more important to life than food.
|
|||
|
||||
# but by every word that comes out of the mouth of God
|
||||
|
||||
Here "word" and "mouth" refer to what God says. Alternate translation: "but by listening to everything that God says" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
"but by every word that God speaks" or "but by listening to everything that God says"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
16
mat/04/06.md
16
mat/04/06.md
|
|
@ -1,26 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Satan quotes from the Psalms in order to tempt Jesus.
|
||||
|
||||
# If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down
|
||||
|
||||
It is best to assume that Satan knew that Jesus is the Son of God. Possible meanings are 1) this is a temptation to do a miracle for Jesus's own benefit. Alternate translation: "Since you are truly the Son of God, you can throw yourself down" or 2) this is a challenge or accusation. Alternate translation: "Prove that you are truly the Son of God by throwing yourself down"
|
||||
|
||||
# the Son of God
|
||||
|
||||
This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
|
||||
|
||||
# throw yourself down
|
||||
|
||||
"let yourself fall to the ground" or "jump down"
|
||||
|
||||
# for it is written
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the writer wrote in the scriptures" or "for it says in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"for someone wrote in the scriptures" or "for it says in the scriptures"
|
||||
|
||||
# 'He will command his angels to take care of you,' and
|
||||
|
||||
This can be translated with a direct quotation, and you can specify that it is God who will command. Alternate translation: "'God will say to his angels, "Take care of him,"' and" or "'God will command his angels to take care of you,' and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
|
||||
"'God will say to his angels, "Take care of him,"' and"
|
||||
|
||||
# They will carry you
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy.
|
||||
|
||||
# Again it is written
|
||||
|
||||
It is understood that Jesus is quoting scripture again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Again, I will tell you what Moses wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
# You must not test
|
||||
|
||||
Here "you" refers to anyone. Alternate translation: "One should not test" or "No person should test"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
|
|||
|
||||
# All these things I will give you
|
||||
|
||||
"I will give you all these things." The tempter is emphasizing here that he will give "all these things," not just some of them.
|
||||
"I will give you all these things"
|
||||
|
||||
# fall down
|
||||
|
||||
"put your face near the ground." This was a common action to show that a person was worshiping. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
"put your face near the ground." This was a common action to show that a person was worshiping.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
14
mat/04/10.md
14
mat/04/10.md
|
|
@ -1,16 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy.
|
||||
|
||||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
This is the end of the part of the story about how Satan tempted Jesus.
|
||||
|
||||
# For it is written
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For Moses also wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
|
||||
# You will worship ... you will serve
|
||||
|
||||
Both instances of "you" are singular, a command to everyone who hears it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
Both instances of "you" are singular, a command to everyone who hears it.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# Matthew 4 General Notes
|
||||
|
||||
### Structure and formatting
|
||||
|
||||
Some translations set poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to show that it is poetry. The ULB does this with the poetry in verses 6, 15 and 16, which is from the Old Testament.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
|
||||
|
||||
#### "the kingdom of heaven has come near"
|
||||
|
||||
No one knows for use whether the "kingdom of heaven" was present or still coming when Jesus spoke these words. English translations often use the phrase "at hand," but these words can be difficult to translate. Other versions use the phase "is coming near" and "has come near."
|
||||
|
||||
#### "If you are the Son of God"
|
||||
|
||||
The reader should not understand these words in verses 3 and 6 to mean that Satan did not know whether Jesus was the Son of God. God had already said that Jesus was his Son ([Matthew 3:17](../../mat/03/17.md)), so Satan knew who Jesus was. He also knew that Jesus could make stones become bread and could throw himself off of high places and not be hurt. He was trying to make Jesus do these things and so disobey God and obey Satan. These words can be translated as "Show me your power if you are the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/satan]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofgod]])
|
||||
|
||||
## Links:
|
||||
* __[Matthew 4:1 Notes](./01.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
__[<<](../03/intro.md) | [>>](../05/intro.md)__
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This is the beginning of a new part of the story in which Jesus begins to teach his disciples. This part continues through the end of chapter 7 and is frequently called the Sermon on the Mount.
|
||||
Matthew 5-7 have a sermon that Jesus taught his disciples. Many people call this the Sermon on the Mount.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# He opened his mouth
|
||||
|
||||
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "Jesus began to speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
|
||||
# taught them
|
||||
|
||||
The word "them" refers to his disciples.
|
||||
"Jesus began to speak"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ Here, Jesus begins to describe the characteristics of people who are blessed.
|
|||
|
||||
# the poor in spirit
|
||||
|
||||
This means people who are humble. Alternate translation: "those who know they need God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
This means people who are humble. Alternate translation: "those who know they need God"
|
||||
|
||||
# for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
|
||||
|
||||
Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ Possible reasons they are sad are 1) the sinfulness of the world or 2) their own
|
|||
|
||||
# they will be comforted
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will comfort them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"God will comfort them"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# those who hunger and thirst for righteousness
|
||||
|
||||
This metaphor describes people who strongly desire to do what is right. Alternate translation: "those who desire to live right as much as they desire food and drink" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
This phrase describes people who strongly desire to do what is right. Alternate translation: "those who desire to live right as much as they desire food and drink"
|
||||
|
||||
# they will be filled
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will fill them" or "God will satisfy them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"God will fill them" or "God will satisfy them"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# the pure in heart
|
||||
|
||||
"people whose hearts are pure." Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's inner being or intentions. Alternate translation: "those who only want to serve God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
"people whose hearts are pure." Here "heart" refers to a person's inner being or intentions. Alternate translation: "those who only want to serve God"
|
||||
|
||||
# they will see God
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ These are the people who help others to have peace with one another.
|
|||
|
||||
# for they will be called sons of God
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for God will call them his children" or "they will be children of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"for God will call them his children" or "for they will be children of God"
|
||||
|
||||
# sons of God
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
|
|||
# those who have been persecuted
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those people whom others treat unfairly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"those people whom others treat unfairly"
|
||||
|
||||
# for righteousness' sake
|
||||
|
||||
"because they do what God wants them to do"
|
||||
"because they do what is right" or "because they do what God wants them to do"
|
||||
|
||||
# theirs is the kingdom of heaven
|
||||
|
||||
Here "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is only in the book of Matthew. If possible, keep "heaven" in your translation. See how you translated this in [Matthew 5:3](../05/03.md). Alternate translation: "for God in heaven will be their king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,11 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus finishes describing the characteristics of people who are blessed.
|
||||
|
||||
# Blessed are you
|
||||
|
||||
The word "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# say all kinds of evil things against you falsely
|
||||
|
||||
"say all kinds of evil lies about you" or "say bad things about you that are not true"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
This page has intentionally been left blank.
|
||||
|
||||
12
mat/05/13.md
12
mat/05/13.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus begins to teach about how his disciples are like salt and light.
|
||||
|
||||
# You are the salt of the earth
|
||||
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) just as salt makes food good, disciples of Jesus influence the people of the world so that they will be good. Alternate translation: "You are like salt for the people of the world" or 2) just as salt preserves food, disciples of Jesus keep people from becoming totally corrupt. Alternate translation: "As salt is for food, you are for the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) just as salt makes food good, disciples of Jesus influence the people of the world so that they will be good. Alternate translation: "You are like salt for the people of the world" or 2) just as salt preserves food, disciples of Jesus keep people from becoming totally corrupt. Alternate translation: "As salt is for food, you are for the world"
|
||||
|
||||
# if the salt has lost its taste
|
||||
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) "if the salt has lost its power to do things that salt does" or 2) "if the salt has lost its flavor." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) "if the salt has lost its power to do things that salt does" or 2) "if the salt has lost its flavor."
|
||||
|
||||
# how can it be made salty again?
|
||||
|
||||
"how can it be made useful again?" Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: "there is no way for it to become useful again." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
"how can it be made useful again?" Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: "it cannot become useful again."
|
||||
|
||||
# except to be thrown out and trampled under people's feet
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "except for people to throw it out into the road and walk on it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"except for people to throw it out into the road and walk on it"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||
# You are the light of the world
|
||||
|
||||
This means Jesus's followers bring the message of God's truth to all the people who do not know God. Alternate translation: "You are like a light for the people of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
This means Jesus's followers bring the message of God's truth to all the people who do not know God. Alternate translation: "You are like a light for the people of the world"
|
||||
|
||||
# A city set on a hill cannot be hidden
|
||||
|
||||
At night when it is dark, people can see the city lights shining. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "During the night, no one can hide the lights that shine from a city on a hill" or "Everyone sees the lights of a city on a hill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
At night when it is dark, people can see the city lights shining. Alternate translation: "No one can hide the lights that shine from a city on a hill" or "Everyone sees the lights of a city on a hill"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# Let your light shine before people
|
||||
|
||||
This means a disciple of Jesus should live in such a way that others can learn about God's truth. Alternate translation: "Let your lives be like a light that shines before people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
This means a disciple of Jesus should live in such a way that others can learn about God's truth. Alternate translation: "Let your lives be like a light that shines before people"
|
||||
|
||||
# your Father who is in heaven
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
|
|||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus begins to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law.
|
||||
|
||||
# the prophets
|
||||
|
||||
This refers to what the prophets wrote in the scriptures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
This refers to what the prophets wrote in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "what the prophets wrote"
|
||||
|
||||
# I have come ... to fulfill them
|
||||
|
||||
"I have come ... to do the things that are in the law and the writings of the prophets
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
13
mat/05/18.md
13
mat/05/18.md
|
|
@ -4,13 +4,16 @@
|
|||
|
||||
# until heaven and earth pass away
|
||||
|
||||
Here "heaven" and "earth" refer to the entire universe. Alternate translation: "as long as the universe lasts" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-merism]])
|
||||
The phrase "heaven and earth" refers to the entire universe. Alternate translation: "as long as the universe lasts"
|
||||
|
||||
# all things have been accomplished
|
||||
# not the smallest letter or the smallest ... will in any way pass away"
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "all things have happened" or "God causes all things to happen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"even the smallest letter and the smallest ... will not in any way disappear"
|
||||
|
||||
# until all things have been accomplished
|
||||
|
||||
"until all things have happened" or "until God causes all things to happen"
|
||||
|
||||
# all things
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "all things" refers to everything in the law. Alternate translation: "everything in the law" or "all that is written in the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "all things" refers to everything in the law. Alternate translation: "everything in the law" or "all that is written in the law"
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# whoever breaks
|
||||
|
||||
Possible meanings are 1) "whoever disobeys" or 2) "whoever ignores."
|
||||
"whoever disobeys" or "whoever ignores"
|
||||
|
||||
# the least one of these commandments and teaches
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -8,17 +8,14 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "whoever disobeys" or 2) "whoever ignores."
|
|||
|
||||
# whoever ... teaches others to do so will be called
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "if anyone ... teaches others to do so, God will call that person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"if anyone ... teaches others to do so, God will call that person"
|
||||
|
||||
# least in the kingdom of heaven
|
||||
|
||||
The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. This phrase is found only in Matthew. If possible use "heaven" in your translation. Alternate translation: "the least important in his heavenly kingdom" or "the least important under the rule of our God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
|
||||
The phrase "kingdom of heaven" refers to God's rule as king. Alternate translation: "the least important in the heavenly kingdom" or "the least important under the rule of our God in heaven"
|
||||
|
||||
# keeps them and teaches them
|
||||
|
||||
"obeys all these commandments and teaches others to do the same"
|
||||
|
||||
# great
|
||||
|
||||
most important
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
10
mat/05/20.md
10
mat/05/20.md
|
|
@ -1,12 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# For I say to you
|
||||
|
||||
This adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.
|
||||
|
||||
# you ... your ... you
|
||||
|
||||
These are plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# that unless your righteousness exceeds ... Pharisees, you will in no way enter
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: "that your righteousness must exceed ... Pharisees in order to enter" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-doublenegatives]])
|
||||
"that your righteousness must exceed ... Pharisees in order for you to enter"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
10
mat/05/21.md
10
mat/05/21.md
|
|
@ -1,14 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "you have heard." The understood "you" is singular in "Do not murder," but in some languages it may need to be translated as plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# Connecting Statement:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus continues to teach about how he has come to fulfill the Old Testament law. Here he begins to speak about murder and anger.
|
||||
|
||||
# it was said to them in ancient times
|
||||
|
||||
This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: "God said to those who lived long ago" or "Moses said to your ancestors long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"God said to those who lived long ago" or "Moses said to your ancestors long ago"
|
||||
|
||||
# will be subject to judgment
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
12
mat/05/22.md
12
mat/05/22.md
|
|
@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
|
|||
# General Information:
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should and should not do. The "you" is plural in "I say to you." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# But I say
|
||||
# But I say to you
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus agrees with God and his word, but he does not agree with the way the religious leaders have applied God's word. The "I" is emphatic. This indicates that what Jesus says is just as important as the original commands. Try to translate this phrase in a way that shows that emphasis.
|
||||
|
||||
# brother
|
||||
|
||||
This refers to a fellow believer, not to a literal brother or a neighbor.
|
||||
This probably refers to a fellow believer.
|
||||
|
||||
# worthless person ... fool
|
||||
|
||||
Both of these insults represent a person who cannot think correctly. "Worthless person" is close to "brainless," where "fool" adds the idea of disobedience to God.
|
||||
Both of these insults represent a person who does not think correctly. "Worthless person" is close to "brainless," where "fool" adds the idea of disobedience to God.
|
||||
|
||||
# council
|
||||
|
||||
This was likely a local council, not the main Sanhedrin in Jerusalem.
|
||||
This was likely a local council, not the main religious council in Jerusalem.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
12
mat/05/23.md
12
mat/05/23.md
|
|
@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
|
|||
# you
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# offering your gift
|
||||
|
||||
"giving your gift" or "bringing your gift"
|
||||
"giving your gift" or "bringing your gift to God"
|
||||
|
||||
# at the altar
|
||||
|
||||
It is implied that this is God's altar at the temple in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "to God at the altar in the temple" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
"at God's altar"
|
||||
|
||||
# there remember
|
||||
# and there remember
|
||||
|
||||
"while you are standing at the altar you remember"
|
||||
"and while you are standing at the altar you remember"
|
||||
|
||||
# your brother has anything against you
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# First be reconciled with your brother
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "First make peace with the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"First make peace with the person"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
14
mat/05/25.md
14
mat/05/25.md
|
|
@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
|
|||
# Agree with your
|
||||
|
||||
Jesus is talking to a group of people about what they as individuals should or should not do. All occurrences of "you" and "your" are singular, but in some languages they may need to be plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-you]])
|
||||
|
||||
# your adversary
|
||||
|
||||
This is a person who takes someone to court for doing something wrong to accuse him before a judge.
|
||||
This is a person who takes someone to court to accuse him of doing something wrong.
|
||||
|
||||
# may hand you over to the judge
|
||||
|
||||
Here "hand you over" means to give someone into the control of someone else. Alternate translation: "will let the judge deal with you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
Here "hand you over" means to give someone into the control of someone else. Alternate translation: "will let the judge deal with you"
|
||||
|
||||
# the judge may hand you over to the officer
|
||||
|
||||
Here "hand you over" means to give someone into the control of someone else. Alternate translation: "the judge will give you over to the officer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
"the judge may give you over to the officer"
|
||||
|
||||
# officer
|
||||
# the officer
|
||||
|
||||
a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge
|
||||
|
||||
# you may be thrown into prison
|
||||
|
||||
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the officer might put you in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
"the officer might put you in prison"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
|
|||
# Truly I say to you
|
||||
|
||||
"I tell you the truth." This phrase adds emphasis to what Jesus says next.
|
||||
|
||||
# from there
|
||||
|
||||
"from prison"
|
||||
"from the prison"
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in New Issue