en_tn/jhn/19/28.md

knowing that everything was now completed

You can translate this in an active form. AT: "he knew that he had done everything that God had sent him to do" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

A container full of sour wine was placed there

You can translate this in an active form. AT: "Someone had placed there a full container of sour wine" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)

sour wine

"bitter wine"

they put

Here "they" refers to the Roman guards.

a sponge

a small object that can soak up and hold much liquid

on a hyssop staff

"on a branch of a plant called hyssop"

He bowed his head and gave up his spirit

John implies here that Jesus gave his spirit back to God. AT: "He bowed his head and gave God his spirit" or "He bowed his head and died" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)