en_tn/1sa/05/06.md

Yahweh's hand was heavy upon

This is an idiom. "Yahweh severely judged" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)

tumors

Possible meanings are 1) painful swelling under the skin or 2) hemorrhoids.

both Ashdod and its territories

The name of the town is a metonym for the people living in the town. "both the people of Ashdod and the people in the land surrounding Ashdod" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)