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@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Translation Words has entries for important concepts, people, and places in the
The Translation Words presented in the Translation Resources PDFs for each book of the Bible include only those words that appear in that book. Because of this, some of the links in the PDFs to other words do not work.
**You can learn more about Translation Words** in the Appendix to the Translation Words [[rc://en_tw/00-About_tW/tW-3-Appendix.md]]. It has the following sections:
* Decisions Concerning Translation Words
* Format of Translation Word Entries
* How to use Translation Words
@ -20,14 +21,16 @@ To read or print the complete Translation Words, see "ULB Translation Words" on
Translation Words are also integrated into BTT Writer and VMAST so that translators can have immediate access to them while translating. BTT Writer and VMAST are available on the Tools page of [Bible in Every Language](https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/) (https://bibleineverylanguage.org/tools/).
## Questions, comments, and suggestions
We welcome questions, comments, and suggestions. You may send them to helpdesk@techadvancement.com or training_wa@wycliffeassociates.org.
## Contributors to Translation Words
- Andrew Belcher, BA in Family Ministry and Biblical Theology, MTS in History of Christianity
- Lizz Carlton
- John Hutchins, BA Bible and Theology, MA New Testament, MA Biblical languages
- Perry Oakes, MA in Linguistics, PhD in Old Testament
- Larry Sallee, Th.M Dallas Theological Seminary, D.Min. Columbia Biblical Seminary
- Henry Whitney, BA, Education, Translator, Summer Institute of Linguistics 1982-2001
- Door43 World Missions Community
- Wycliffe Associates Staff
- Andrew Belcher, BA in Family Ministry and Biblical Theology, MTS in History of Christianity
- Lizz Carlton
- John Hutchins, BA Bible and Theology, MA New Testament, MA Biblical languages
- Perry Oakes, MA in Linguistics, PhD in Old Testament
- Larry Sallee, Th.M Dallas Theological Seminary, D.Min. Columbia Biblical Seminary
- Henry Whitney, BA, Education, Translator, Summer Institute of Linguistics 1982-2001
- Door43 World Missions Community
- Wycliffe Associates Staff

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@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
# Appendix to Translation Words
## Decisions Concerning Translation Words
Translation Words does not have an entry for every word in the Bible. It is expected that Bible translators will have access to an English dictionary and will be able to look up meanings of common English words.
## Format of Translation Word Entries
**Heading** The heading for each word includes different ways that word or concept is expressed and the various forms that are found in the Unlocked Literal Bible. After the heading are the following sections.
**Definition**: This may include multiple senses of the word. Some of the senses may be figurative.
@ -39,4 +42,3 @@ Sometimes a word refers to a thing or custom that is unknown in the target commu
## Contributors to Translation Words
{{manifest}}

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@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
**Make a new branch off of Restructure.**
**Forms Found in the English ULB**
* Paste the heading and all the alphabetized words forms to the bottom of the page.
* Leave one blank line between the heading and the word forms.
* Leave one blank line at the bottom of the page.
* Paste the heading and all the alphabetized words forms to the bottom of the page.
* Leave one blank line between the heading and the word forms.
* Leave one blank line at the bottom of the page.
**Synonyms and Related Words**
* Paste the heading under the headword line.
* Leave a blank line and paste the alphabetized word forms under it.
* The optimal final product will consist of only words and derived forms, but no inflections.
* A derived form usually is of a different part of speech, e.g., "amazed," "amazement."
* An inflected form is of the same part of speech, e.g., "believes," "believed."
* Remove -ing, -ed, and -en unless the word is **only** used as a noun or an adjective.
* Change plural and possessive noun forms to unmarked forms.
* Change past and 3rd singular present verb forms to unmarked forms.
* Delete helping verbs.
* Delete anything else that you don't feel is crucial. (This process leaves science and becomes an art at some point.)
* Delete ellipses or replace with "a" or "someone" or "something" as necessary.
* Delete any duplicates.
* Alphabetize the new list.
* Paste the heading under the headword line.
* Leave a blank line and paste the alphabetized word forms under it.
* The optimal final product will consist of only words and derived forms, but no inflections.
* A derived form usually is of a different part of speech, e.g., "amazed," "amazement."
* An inflected form is of the same part of speech, e.g., "believes," "believed."
* Remove -ing, -ed, and -en unless the word is **only** used as a noun or an adjective.
* Change plural and possessive noun forms to unmarked forms.
* Change past and 3rd singular present verb forms to unmarked forms.
* Delete helping verbs.
* Delete anything else that you don't feel is crucial. (This process leaves science and becomes an art at some point.)
* Delete ellipses or replace with "a" or "someone" or "something" as necessary.
* Delete any duplicates.
* Alphabetize the new list.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
# About Translation Words
### Description
## Description
Translation Words is a basic Bible dictionary that provides translators with clear definitions and translation suggestions for important words in the Unlocked Literal Bible Bible. It provides translators and checkers with essential information to help them make the best possible translation decisions.
Translation Words has entries for important concepts, people, and places in the Bible. It also contains entries for things that people of some cultures might not be well familiar with, such as certain kinds of animals, certain kinds of religious or government leaders, certain things that people in the middle east made
@ -10,7 +11,8 @@ The words that are included in this set of Translation Resources are only those
or we might want to use this from tA Using translationHelps: https://git.door43.org/WycliffeAssociates/en_ta/src/branch/master/translate/translate-help/01.md
The translationWords are key terms found in Open Bible Stories and the Bible that are important to translate correctly. Each of these words or phrases has a small article written about it as well as cross-references to other places where that term is used in either Open Bible Stories or the Bible. This is to show the translator other ways that the translationWord is used and to ensure that it has been translated correctly in those places, too. See https://door43.org/u/WycliffeAssociates/en_tw/.
### Format
## Format
The heading for each word includes different ways that word or concept many translated and the various forms that are found in the Unlocked Literal Bible. After the heading are the following sections.
**Definition**: This may include multiple senses of the word. Some of them may be figurative senses.
@ -21,16 +23,16 @@ The heading for each word includes different ways that word or concept many tran
**Word Data** - This section contains the words "Strong's" followed by one or more codes. The word "Strong's" refers to the <u>Strong's Concordance</u>, and the codes refer to certain entries in the concordance. Codes that start with "H" are for Hebrew or Aramaic words, and codes that start with "G" are for Greek words. Translators can use a lexicon to learn more about the Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek words.
### Content Editors
## Content Editors
- 'Andrew Belcher'
- 'Henry Whitney, BA, Education, Translator, Summer Institute of Linguistics 1982-2001'
- John Hutchins, BA Bible and Theology, MA New Testament, MA Biblical languages'
- 'Larry Sallee, Th.M Dallas Theological Seminary, D.Min. Columbia Biblical Seminary'
- 'Lizz Carlton'
- 'Perry Oakes, PhD in Old Testament, MA in Linguistics'
- 'Andrew Belcher'
- 'Henry Whitney, BA, Education, Translator, Summer Institute of Linguistics 1982-2001'
- John Hutchins, BA Bible and Theology, MA New Testament, MA Biblical languages'
- 'Larry Sallee, Th.M Dallas Theological Seminary, D.Min. Columbia Biblical Seminary'
- 'Lizz Carlton'
- 'Perry Oakes, PhD in Old Testament, MA in Linguistics'
### Links to Decisions and Other Contributors
## Links to Decisions and Other Contributors
You can see a longer list of contributors to the Translation Words at [[rc://en_tw/00-About_tW/tW-2-Appendix.md]] (If we have a link to that page, it will need a more descriptive name. Maybe "Contributors")

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@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ The phrase "in Christ" and related terms refer to the state or condition of bein
## Translation Suggestions:
* Depending on the context, different ways to translate "in Christ" and "in the Lord" (and related phrases) could include:
* "who belong to Christ"
* "because you believe in Christ"
* "because Christ has saved us"
* "in service to the Lord"
* "relying on the Lord"
* "because of what the Lord has done."
* "who belong to Christ"
* "because you believe in Christ"
* "because Christ has saved us"
* "in service to the Lord"
* "relying on the Lord"
* "because of what the Lord has done."
* People who "believe in" Christ or who "have faith in" Christ believe what Jesus taught and are trusting him to save them because of his sacrifice on the cross that paid the penalty for their sins. Some languages may have one word that translates verbs like "believe in" or "share in" or "trust in."
(See also: [Christ](../kt/christ.md), [Lord](../kt/lord.md), [Jesus](../kt/jesus.md), [believe](../kt/believe.md), [faith](../kt/faith.md))

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@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ The term "inherit" refers to receiving something valuable from a parent or other
* There is also a figurative or spiritual sense in which people who belong to God are said to "inherit the land." This means that they will prosper and be blessed by God in both physical and spiritual ways.
* In the New Testament, God promises that those who trust in Jesus will "inherit salvation" and "inherit eternal life." It is also expressed as, "inherit the kingdom of God." This is a spiritual inheritance that lasts forever.
* There are other figurative meanings for these terms:
* The Bible says that wise people will "inherit glory" and righteous people will "inherit good things."
* To "inherit the promises" means to receive the good things that God has promised to give his people.
* This term is also used in a negative sense to refer to foolish or disobedient people who "inherit the wind" or "inherit folly." This means they receive the consequences of their sinful actions, including punishment and worthless living.
* The Bible says that wise people will "inherit glory" and righteous people will "inherit good things."
* To "inherit the promises" means to receive the good things that God has promised to give his people.
* This term is also used in a negative sense to refer to foolish or disobedient people who "inherit the wind" or "inherit folly." This means they receive the consequences of their sinful actions, including punishment and worthless living.
## Translation Suggestions:

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@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ God's law, book of Moses, book of the law, expert in the law, law of God, law of
All these terms refer to the commandments and instructions that God gave Moses for the Israelites to obey. The terms "law" and "God's law" are also used more generally to refer to everything God wants his people to obey.
* Depending on the context, the "law" can refer to:
* the Ten Commandments that God wrote on stone tablets for the Israelites
* all the laws given to Moses
* the first five books of the Old Testament
* the entire Old Testament (also referred to as "scriptures" in the New Testament).
* all of God's instructions and will
* the Ten Commandments that God wrote on stone tablets for the Israelites
* all the laws given to Moses
* the first five books of the Old Testament
* the entire Old Testament (also referred to as "scriptures" in the New Testament).
* all of God's instructions and will
* The phrase "the law and the prophets" is used in the New Testament to refer to the Hebrew scriptures (or "Old Testament")
## Translation Suggestions:

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@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ demonstration, evidence, mark, marker, omen, proof, remind, reminder, signal
A sign is an object, event, or action that communicates a special meaning.
* "Reminders" are signs that "remind" people by helping them remember something, often something that was promised:
* The rainbows God creates in the sky are signs to remind people that he has promised he will never again destroy all life with a worldwide flood.
* God commanded the Israelites to circumcise their sons as a sign of his covenant with them.
* The rainbows God creates in the sky are signs to remind people that he has promised he will never again destroy all life with a worldwide flood.
* God commanded the Israelites to circumcise their sons as a sign of his covenant with them.
* Signs can reveal or point to something:
* An angel gave shepherds a sign that would help them know which baby in Bethlehem was the newborn Messiah.
* Judas kissed Jesus as a sign to the religious leaders that Jesus was the one they should arrest.
* An angel gave shepherds a sign that would help them know which baby in Bethlehem was the newborn Messiah.
* Judas kissed Jesus as a sign to the religious leaders that Jesus was the one they should arrest.
* Signs can prove that something is true:
* The miracles performed by the prophets and apostles were signs that proved they were speaking God's message.
* The miracles that Jesus performed were signs that proved he was truly the Messiah.
* The miracles performed by the prophets and apostles were signs that proved they were speaking God's message.
* The miracles that Jesus performed were signs that proved he was truly the Messiah.
* A "signal flag" is a flag that a king would raise as a sign so that people could see it and come to him or go into battle.
* An "omen" is an event that people think tells that something else will happen in the future.

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@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ In general, a festival is a celebration held by a community of people.
* The festivals celebrated by the Israelites were specially appointed times or seasons that God had commanded them to observe.
* In some English translations, the word "feast" is used instead of festival because the celebrations included having a large meal together.
* There were several main festivals that the Israelites celebrated every year:
* Passover
* Festival of Unleavened Bread
* Firstfruits
* Festival of Weeks (Pentecost)
* Festival of Trumpets
* Day of Atonement
* Festival of Shelters
* Passover
* Festival of Unleavened Bread
* Firstfruits
* Festival of Weeks (Pentecost)
* Festival of Trumpets
* Day of Atonement
* Festival of Shelters
* The purpose of these festivals was to thank God and to remember the amazing things he had done to rescue, protect, and provide for his people.
* A person who "celebrates" acts as if he were at a festival.

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@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ A goat is a medium-sized, four-legged animal which is similar to a sheep and is
* Like sheep, goats were important animals of sacrifice, especially at Passover.
* Although goats and sheep can be very similar, these are some ways that they are different:
* Goats have coarse hair; sheep have wool.
* The tail of a goat stands up; the tail of a sheep hangs down.
* Sheep usually like to stay with their flocks, but goats are more independent and tend to wander away from their herds.
* Goats have coarse hair; sheep have wool.
* The tail of a goat stands up; the tail of a sheep hangs down.
* Sheep usually like to stay with their flocks, but goats are more independent and tend to wander away from their herds.
* In Bible times, goats were often the main source of milk in Israel.
* Goat skins were used for tent coverings and to make bags for holding wine.
* In both the Old and New Testaments, the goat was used as a symbol for unrighteous people, perhaps because of its tendency to wander away from the one taking care of it.

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@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ There are several figurative ways that "hand" is used in the Bible:
* The term "hand" is often used in reference to God's power and action, such as when God says "Has not my hand made all these things?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
* Expressions such as "hand over to" or "deliver into the hands of" refer to causing someone to be under the control or power of someone else.
* Some other figurative uses of "hand" include:
* To "lay a hand on" means to "harm."
* To "save from the hand of" means to stop someone from harming someone else.
* The position of being "on the right hand" means "on the right side" or "to the right."
* The expression "by the hand of" someone means "by" or "through" the action of that person. For example, "by the hand of the Lord" means that the Lord is the one who caused something to happen.
* To "lay a hand on" means to "harm."
* To "save from the hand of" means to stop someone from harming someone else.
* The position of being "on the right hand" means "on the right side" or "to the right."
* The expression "by the hand of" someone means "by" or "through" the action of that person. For example, "by the hand of the Lord" means that the Lord is the one who caused something to happen.
* Placing hands on someone is often done while speaking a blessing over that person.
* The term "laying on of hands" refers to placing a hand on a person in order to dedicate that person to God's service or to pray for healing.
* When Paul says "written by my hand," it means that this part of the letter was physically written down by him, rather than spoken to someone else to write down.

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@ -18,17 +18,17 @@ The term "strength" refers to physical, emotional, or spiritual power. To "stren
* In general, the term "strengthen" can be translated as "cause to be strong" or "make more powerful."
* In a spiritual sense, the phrase "strengthen your brothers" could also be translated as "encourage your brothers" or "help your brothers to persevere."
* The following examples show the meaning of these terms in longer expressions and how they can be translated.
* "puts strength on me like a belt" means "causes me to be completely strong, like a belt that completely surrounds my waist."
* "in quietness and trust will be your strength" means "acting calmly and trusting in God will make you spiritually strong."
* "will renew their strength" means "will become stronger again."
* "by my strength and by my wisdom I acted" means "I have done all this because I am so strong and wise."
* "strengthen the wall" means "reinforce the wall" or "rebuild the wall."
* "I will strengthen you" means "I will cause you to be strong"
* "in Yahweh alone are salvation and strength" means "Yahweh is the only one who saves us and strengthens us."
* "the rock of your strength" means "the faithful one who makes you strong"
* "with the saving strength of his right hand" means "he strongly rescues you from trouble like someone who holds you safely with his strong hand."
* "of little strength" means "not very strong" or "weak."
* "with all my strength" means "using my best efforts" or "strongly and completely."
* "puts strength on me like a belt" means "causes me to be completely strong, like a belt that completely surrounds my waist."
* "in quietness and trust will be your strength" means "acting calmly and trusting in God will make you spiritually strong."
* "will renew their strength" means "will become stronger again."
* "by my strength and by my wisdom I acted" means "I have done all this because I am so strong and wise."
* "strengthen the wall" means "reinforce the wall" or "rebuild the wall."
* "I will strengthen you" means "I will cause you to be strong"
* "in Yahweh alone are salvation and strength" means "Yahweh is the only one who saves us and strengthens us."
* "the rock of your strength" means "the faithful one who makes you strong"
* "with the saving strength of his right hand" means "he strongly rescues you from trouble like someone who holds you safely with his strong hand."
* "of little strength" means "not very strong" or "weak."
* "with all my strength" means "using my best efforts" or "strongly and completely."
(See also: [faithful](../kt/faithful.md), [persevere](../other/perseverance.md), [right hand](../kt/righthand.md), [save](../kt/save.md))