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- you who are rich - - ** This is not the rich group of believers as in 1:10. Here, James is talking to rich people who do not honor God. This can be made explicit: "you who are rich and do not honor God." (See: en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit)
- the miseries coming upon you - When this is coming upon the rich people can be made explict: "the terrible things coming to you when God judges everyone."
- Your riches have rotted and your clothes are moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have become worthless - eaten. Your gold and your silver have become worthless** - James does not mean these riches and clothes are already ruined physically. He is showing they have no spiritual value in the present and they will certainly only last for a little while. This could be translated as "all the things you thought were valuable and made you important are worthless and will only last for a little while."
- and their corrosion will testify against you - Here, "will testify against your" describes these ruined treasures as a person who goes before a judge and accuses a person of breaking the law. This could be translated as "and when God judges you all of your ruined treasures will be like a person accusing you." (See: en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification)
- and consume your flesh like fire - Here, the ruined treasures are compared to a fire that destroys everything. Also, "fire" is a metaphor that refers to God's punishment. This could be translated as "and they will be the reason God punishes you." (See: en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile and en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor)
- hoarded your treasure - "you have kept all these treasures to yourself and would not share with others"
- in the last days - This is a metonym that refers to the time right before God comes to judge all people. This could be translated as "when God is about to judge you" (UDB) (See: en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy)