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These are the people of the province
"These are the descendants of this region"
went up out of
"returned from" or "came back from"
went up
This is an idiom that refers to traveling toward Jerusalem, which was on higher ground than the surrounding area. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom)
whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exile
"whom Nebuchadnezzar, ruler of Babylon, took away from their home country." The army of Babylon did this under the command of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
Zerubbabel ... Jeshua ... Nehemiah ... Azariah ... Raamiah ... Nahamani ... Mordecai ... Bilshan ... Mispereth ... Bigvai ... Nehum ... Baanah
These are the names of men. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names).
The number of the men
A census had been taken when the Israelites first returned to Jerusalem after the exile. The numbers represent how many men belonged to each family group. This sentence introduces the information in the following verses.