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2front:intronv2v0# Introduction to 2 Kings\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of 2 Kings\n\n1. The prophets Elijah and Elisha (1:1–8:15)\n * Elijah brings Yahweh’s judgment onto King Ahaziah (1:1–18)\n * Elijah goes to heaven and Elisha replaces him (2:1–25)\n * Elisha defends the northern kingdom against Moab (3:1–27)\n * Elisha performs various miracles (4:1–44)\n * Elisha heals Naaman the Syrian (5:1–27)\n * Elisha acts in time of war against Syria (6:1–7:20)\n * Elisha’s reputation and prophecy about Hazael (8:1–15)\n1. The history of Judah and Israel from Kings Jehoram and Joram to the fall of Israel (8:16–17:41)\n1. The history of Judah from King Hezekiah to the fall of Judah (18:1–25:30)\n\n### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?\n\nThese books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.\n\nIn the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 22–23](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.\n\nThe Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.”\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What is the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?\n\nThese books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?\n\nIn the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.\n\n### What does the king “did what was right (or) evil in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?\n\nThe writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.\n\n### What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?\n\nThe name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed Jacob’s name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])\n\n### What does the phrase “to this day” mean?\n\nThis phrase was used by the narrator to refer to the time when he was writing. The translator should be aware that “to this day” refers to a time already passed. The translator might decide to say, “to this day, at the time when this is being written,” or, “to this day, at the time of writing.” This Hebrew phrase occurs in 2 Kings 2:22; 8:22; 10:27; 14:7; 16:6; 17:23, 34, 41.\n\n### Can I translate 2 Kings before 1 Kings?\n\nThe Book of 1 Kings should be translated before 2 Kings, since 2 Kings continues from where 1 Kings ends.
31:introt6cl0# 2 Kings 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n2 Kings is a continuation of 1 Kings.\n\nThe story of Elijah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God’s sovereignty\nGod is in control of the future. King Ahaziah sent messengers to ask the Philistine god if he would recover from his fall, but this god does not know the future. Because he asked another god instead of Yahweh, Elijah sent the messengers to tell Ahaziah that he would not recover. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical question\n\nElijah rebuked the king with a rhetorical question: “Is it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to consult with Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
41:1ip77Moab rebelled0Alternate translation: “The people who lived in Moab rebelled”
51:2qdg9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe lattice in his upper chamber0The upper room was built on the roof of the palace. The lattice was made of thin boards decoratively crossed over one another to form a balcony or window covering. Alternate translation: “the wooden boards around the flat roof of his palace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
61:2n4u5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBaal-Zebub0(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
71:3xk53Yahweh0This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
81:3vu6lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe Tishbite0This refers to someone from the city of Tishbe. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
91:3sql3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it because there is no God in Israel that you are going to consult with Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron?0This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This is irony because they are definitely aware of the God of Israel. Alternate translation: “You fools! You know there is a God in Israel, but you were acting as though you did not know when you sent men to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
101:3ns1xconsult with Baal-Zebub0The word “consult” means to get the opinion of someone about a question.
111:4hs1grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitTherefore Yahweh says0This is Yahweh’s message to King Ahaziah. Alternate translation: “Therefore Yahweh says to King Ahaziah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
121:4ea7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou will not come down from the bed to where you have gone up0When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. Alternate translation: “You will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
131:5h8rrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWhen the messengers returned to Ahaziah0After meeting with Elijah, the messengers returned to the king instead of going to Ekron. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
141:6hrs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it because there is no God in Israel that you sent men to consult with Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron?0This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This is irony because they are definitely aware of the God of Israel. See how you translated a similar question in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). Alternate translation: “You fools! You know there is a God in Israel, but you were acting as though you did not know when you sent men to consult Baal-Zebub, the god of Ekron!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
151:6q7jqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou will not come down from the bed to which you have gone up0When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed on which you are lying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
161:8ivq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe wore a garment made of hair0This could mean: (1) this is a metaphor that speaks of him being very hairy as if his hair were a garment. Alternate translation: “He was very hairy” or (2) “His clothes were made from animal hair” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
171:9n9csrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThen the king sent a captain with fifty soldiers to Elijah0The king sent the leader of the army with fifty men to bring Elijah back to him. Alternate translation: “Then the king sent a captain with fifty soldiers to seize Elijah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
181:9a83frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty soldiers0“50 soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
191:10p9xjIf I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven0The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not show Elijah proper respect. Elijah said this so that fire would come down from heaven, and this would prove that Elijah really was a man of God and he deserved their respect. Alternate translation: “Since I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven” or “If I am a man of God as you have said, let fire come down from heaven”
201:10zh8jfrom heaven0Alternate translation: “from the sky”
211:11u4ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty soldiers0“50 soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
221:12ft4vIf I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven0The captain had called Elijah a man of God, but the captain and the king did not show Elijah proper respect. Elijah said this so that fire would come down from heaven, and this would prove that Elijah really was a man of God and he deserved their respect. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 1:10](../01/10.md). Alternate translation: “Since I am a man of God, let fire come down from heaven” or “If I am a man of God as you have said, let fire come down from heaven”
231:12pr93rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionfire of God0This means that the fire came from God. Alternate translation: “fire from God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
241:13j2vkrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty warriors0“50 warriors” or “50 soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
251:13ptv6implored him0Alternate translation: “begged him”
261:13ye4vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthese fifty servants of yours0The captain says that his servants are Elijah’s servants to show him honor. AT “my fifty soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
271:13b8jfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorlet my life and the life of … be precious in your sight0Here Elijah’s “sight” represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is pleading with Elijah to let them live. Alternate translation: “please consider my life and the life of … as precious to you” or “consider my life and the life of … to be of worth to you and do not kill us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
281:14t3syrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorlet my life be precious in your sight0Here Elijah’s “sight” represents him judgement or evaluation. The captain is repeating his request for Elijah to show kindness to him and let him live. Alternate translation: “please be kind to me” or “please allow me to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
291:16akr3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can ask for information?0This rhetorical question is asked as a rebuke for consulting Baal-Zebub. This is irony because the king is definitely aware of the God of Israel. Alternate translation: “You must think there is no God in Israel whom you may ask for information!” or “You fool! You know there is a God in Israel to consult, but you acted as if you did not know.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
301:16bgi9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou will not come down from the bed where you have gone up0When King Ahaziah was injured, he was placed in a bed. Yahweh said that he will never become well and be able to get out of the bed. See how you translated this statement in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “you will not recover and you will not get up from the bed where you are lying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
311:17sl2vthe word of Yahweh that Elijah had spoken0Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had told Elijah that Elijah had spoken”
321:17s5cdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the second year of Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah0This describes the time that Joram began to reign over Israel by stating how long Jehoram had been reigning over Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “in the second year that Jehoram son of Jehoshaphat was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
331:18emi5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Israel?0This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they are written … Israel.” or “someone has written about them in … Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
342:introi2160# 2 Kings 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter ends the story of Elijah and begins the story of Elisha.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nElisha replaces Elijah as the chief prophet of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
352:1u56urc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-neweventSo it came about0“So it happened.” This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
362:1pmc1a whirlwind0a strong wind that spins around and around
372:2w2jbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh lives, and as you live0“As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
382:3w5x1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomThe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. Alternate translation: “A group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
392:4q628rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you0“As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
402:5w9wuThen the sons of the prophets who were at Jericho came to Elisha and said to him0Alternate translation: “When Elijah and Elisha came near Jericho, the sons of the prophets who were from there said to Elisha”
412:5g9durc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
422:6y3mlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh lives, and as you live, I will not leave you0“As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elijah are alive to the certainty of what he is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise you that I will not leave you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
432:7u37hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty of the sons0“50 of the sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
442:7b5cdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
452:7t6qzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomstood opposite them0This means that they were standing, facing them. Alternate translation: “stood facing them” or “stood watching them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
462:8v3mgcloak0outer piece of clothing used as a covering
472:8cca7The river divided on both sides so that the two of them walked over on dry ground0Alternate translation: “The water of the Jordan River opened up so there was a dry path for Elijah and Elisha to cross over to the other side”
482:8ai9con both sides0“to the right and the left.” This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water.
492:9l4abIt came about0Alternate translation: “it happened”
502:9b2awrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitcrossed over0This refers to crossing the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “crossed over the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
512:9q4e3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivebefore I am taken from you0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “before Yahweh takes me from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
522:9kk6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymya double portion of your spirit0Here Elijah’s spirit refers to his spiritual power. Alternate translation: “twice as much of your spiritual power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
532:11ikl9behold0The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
542:11c6nerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessiona chariot of fire and horses of fire0Here the phrase “of fire” means that these were surround by fire. Alternate translation: “a chariot surrounded by fire pulled by horses surrounded by fire” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
552:11xmx8went up by a whirlwind into heaven0“was carried into the sky by a whirlwind.” Translate the word “whirlwind” the same as you did in [2 Kings 2:1](../02/01.md).
562:12su11My father, my father0Elisha is calling Elijah his respected leader.
572:12bb7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactiontore them into two pieces0People would often tear their clothes as a sign of great sadness or grief. Alternate translation: “ripped them in two pieces to show his great sadness” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
582:13t6ricloak0The cloak was the otter clothing of a prophet. It was the sign of his job. When Elisha took Elijah’s cloak he was saying he was taking Elijah’s place as prophet.
592:14l45frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWhere is Yahweh, the God of Elijah?0Elisha is asking if Yahweh is with him as he was with Elijah. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, the God of Elijah, are you here with me?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
602:14jjx1they divided on both sides and Elisha crossed over0The river separated and Elisha walked to the other side on dry ground, the same way he did previously when he was with Elijah.
612:14q6wlon both sides0“to the right and the left.” This refers to the right and the left of where Elijah struck the water.
622:15dm3grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
632:15cz8jbowed themselves to the ground before him0They are showing him deep respect and acknowledging him as their new leader.
642:15fu1hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThe spirit of Elijah does rest on Elisha0Here Elijah’s “spirit” refers to his spiritual power. This speaks of Elisha having this spiritual power as if it were something that physically rested upon him. Alternate translation: “Elisha does have the same spiritual power that Elijah did” or “The spiritual power Elijah had is now with Elisha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
652:16tz77rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitSee now, among your servants there are fifty strong men. Let them go0These men are referring to themselves when they say “fifty strong men.” Alternate translation: “See now, we are fifty strong men and we are now your servants. Let us go” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
662:16pig4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty strong men0“50 strong men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
672:17x4m5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitBut when they urged Elisha until he was ashamed0The sons of the prophets kept asking Elisha until he felt bad about saying “no.” Alternate translation: “They kept asking Elisha until he felt bad for denying their request, so” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
682:18s7q6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I not say to you, ‘Do not go’?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he had told them previously what would happen. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you that you should not go, because you would not find him!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
692:19s884The men of the city0Alternate translation: “The leaders of the city”
702:19k9c8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe situation of this city is pleasant0This means that the city is located in a good place. Alternate translation: “this city is in a good place” or “this city is in a good location” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
712:19jfc3as my master can see0The men refer to Elisha here as “my master” to honor him.
722:19rms6fruitful0producing good crops
732:21jc7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhealed these waters0This speaks of Yahweh making the bad water pure as if he healed it. Alternate translation: “made the waters pure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
742:21q6wjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesthere will be no more death or unfruitful land0This refers to things caused by the bad water. This also can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “there will be no more death or problems with crops caused by this water” or “from now on this water will bring life and help the land become fruitful” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
752:22cpa7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe waters were healed0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the waters have remained pure” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
762:22ygc2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomto this day, & spoke0This means that something remains in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: “by the word which Elisha spoke, and have always remained pure since” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
772:23jl1uwent up from there to Bethel0The phrase “went up” is used her because Bethel is higher in elevation than Jericho.
782:23y5ldrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomGo up0The young boys wanted Elisha to go away from them and expressed this by saying “go up.” Alternate translation: “Go away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
792:23gyr2baldhead0A bald person does not have any hair on their head. The young boys were mocking Elisha for having a bald head.
802:24tzw2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty-two of the boys0“42 of the boys” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
813:introk5ke0# 2 Kings 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Elisha continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Victory and defeat\n\nGod is in control of victory and defeat. The armies of Israel, Judah and Edom united to attack Moab from the desert for failure to pay tribute. When they ran out of water, they were in desperate condition. Therefore, they asked Elisha (the prophet of God) what to do and he said God would give them water and victory over Moab. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\nThey described Elisha with the idiom, “who poured water on the hands of Elijah,” meaning “who served Elijah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Anger\n\nIt is said that, “Anger came on Israel.” It is not clear who was angry or why they were angry.
823:1hcb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the eighteenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah0This describes the time that Joram began to reign by stating how long the current king of Judah had reigned. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “in the eighteenth year that Jehoshaphat was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
833:1t9purc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe eighteenth year0“year 18” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
843:1gh3rJoram son of Ahab0Sometimes this man is referred to as “Jehoram.” This is not the same person as the man mentioned in [2 Kings 1:17](../01/17.md) named “Jehoram.”
853:2dqh6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0Here “sight” refers to Yahweh’s thoughts or opinion. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” or “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgement” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
863:2ry4xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similebut not like his father and his mother0This compares how much evil he did to being less that the amount that his parents did. Alternate translation: “but he did not do as much evil as his father and mother had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
873:2v3k7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionthe sacred stone pillar of Baal0This pillar was used in the worship of Baal, though it is unknown what the pillar looked like. Alternate translation: “the sacred stone pillar for worshiping Baal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession]])
883:3u5f7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhe held on to the sins0This is an idiom. Here “holding on” to something means to continue doing it. Alternate translation: “he continued to commit the sins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
893:3n4ctrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNebat0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
903:3zgj1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhe did not turn away from them0“Turning away” from something is an idiom which means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: “he did not stop committing those sins” or “he continued committing those sins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
913:4r82yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe had to give to the king of Israel 100,000 lambs and the wool of 100,000 rams0Mesha had to give these things to the king of Israel because his kingdom was controlled by the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Every year he was forced to give 100,000 lambs and the wool from 100,000 rams to the king of Israel, because his kingdom was controlled by the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
923:4n1adrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers100,000 lambs & 100,000 rams0“one hundred thousand lambs … one hundred thousand rams” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
933:6kkb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheto mobilize all Israel for war0“to prepare the people of Israel for war.” Here “all Israel” refers to all of the Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: “to mobilize all of the Israelite soldiers for war” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
943:7uqt2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheWill you go with me against Moab to battle?0The word “you” refers to Jehoshaphat, but refers to both him and his army. Here “Moab” stands for “the army of Moab.” Alternate translation: “Will you and your army go with me to fight against the army of Moab?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
953:7zuz1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheI will go0Jehoshaphat is saying that he and his entire army will fight with King Joram against Moab. Alternate translation: “We will go with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
963:7qh7xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI am as you are, my people as your people, my horses as your horses0Jehoshaphat is letting Joram use himself, his people, and his horses for his purposes. He speaks of this as if they belonged to Joram. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “We are ready to do whatever you want us to. My soldiers and my horses are ready to help you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
973:8cld5By way of the wilderness of Edom0Alternate translation: “By going through the wilderness of Edom”
983:9luy3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe king of Israel went with the king of Judah and the king of Edom0This refers to the kings accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: “the king of Israel and his army went with the king of Judah and his army and the king of Edom and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
993:9ei9nThey wandered around0This could mean: (1) the kings were not sure where they were going, and so they changed direction often or (2) the kings knew where they were going and they walked around Moab ([2 Kings 3:8](../03/08.md)).
1003:10w5esrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat is this? Has Yahweh called three kings to give them into the hand of Moab?0The king uses a rhetorical question to emphasize how ridiculous and terrible their situation is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It looks like Yahweh will allow all three of us to be captured by Moab!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1013:10lze9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheto give them into the hand of Moab0Here “Moab” refers to its army. Also, “the hand of Moab” refers to the “control” of Moab’s army. Alternate translation: “to give us over to Moab’s control” or “so the army of Moab will defeat us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1023:11m7asrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs there not here a prophet of Yahweh, that we may consult Yahweh by him?0Jehoshaphat uses a rhetorical question here to state that he is certain that there is a prophet there and to find out where he is. Alternate translation: “I am sure there is a prophet of Yahweh here! Tell me where one is, so we may consult Yahweh by him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1033:11ql15rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShaphat0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1043:11y2h5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwho poured water on the hands of Elijah0This idiom means that he was Elijah’s helper. The phrase “poured water on the hands” is a description of one of the ways he served Elijah. Alternate translation: “who was a helper to Elijah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1053:12gjn5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe word of Yahweh is with him0This means that he is a prophet and that Yahweh tells him what to say. Alternate translation: “He speaks what Yahweh tells him to say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1063:12xm7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwent down to him0They went to see Elijah and to consult with him about what they should do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “went to see Elisha to ask him what they should do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1073:13r7z3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat have I to do with you?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he and the king have nothing in common. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have nothing to do with you.” or “I have nothing in common with you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1083:13b5fgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyto give them into the hand of Moab0Here the “hand of Moab” refers the Moab’s “control.” Alternate translation: “to give them over to the control of Moab” or “to allow them to be captured by the Moabite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1093:14y4byrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, surely0“As I know that Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, surely.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty that, if it were not for Jehoshaphat being there, he would not pay attention to Joram. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As surely as Yahweh of hosts lives, before whom I stand, I promise you, if it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1103:14g8m7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbefore whom I stand0Here serving Yahweh is spoken of as standing in his presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1113:14js2src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativeswere it not for the fact that I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, I would not pay any attention to you0This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “I pay attention to you only because I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1123:14p915rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI honor the presence of Jehoshaphat0Here Jehoshaphat is referred to by his presence. Alternate translation: “I honor Jehoshaphat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1133:14w5farc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismI would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you0These two phrases have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize that he would not pay any attention to Joram. Alternate translation: “I would not have anything at all to do with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1143:15hy8sThen it came to pass0Alternate translation: “And it happened that”
1153:15ngt8harpist0someone who plays the harp
1163:15hae4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe hand of Yahweh came upon Elisha0Here Yahweh’s “hand” refers to his “power.” Alternate translation: “the power of Yahweh came upon Elisha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1173:16wr49trenches0A trench is a long ditch that workers dig in the ground to collect water.
1183:17yt5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethis river valley will be filled with water0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will fill this river valley with water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1193:17yr9trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou will drink0This refers to drinking the water that Yahweh provides. Alternate translation: “you will drink the water” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1203:18er4mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThis is an easy thing in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh considers this as an easy thing to do” or “This is an easy thing for Yahweh to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1213:19u249fortified city0A fortified city is well protected from enemies by such things as high walls or a easily defensible location.
1223:19ig6lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitruin every good piece of land with rocks0This means to put rocks on the fertile land so that it is difficult to use. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “ruin every good piece of land by covering them with rocks” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1233:20bag3there came water0Alternate translation: “water began flowing”
1243:20xh8jthe country was filled with water0Alternate translation: “and soon the country became filled with water”
1253:20qt74country0land, ground
1263:21by8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about the Moabite army preparing to meet the three kings and their armies in battle. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1273:21yqn5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyall who were able to put on armor0Here “armor” represents ability to fight. Alternate translation: “all the men who could fight” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1283:21ct3trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe kings had come0Here the word “kings” refers to both the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the kings had come with their armies” or “the kings and their armies had come” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1293:22bxk5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileit looked as red as blood0This compares the red appearance of the water to the color of blood. Alternate translation: “it was red like blood” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1303:23di7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheSo now, Moab0The soldiers are referring to themselves here as “Moab.” Alternate translation: “soldiers of Moab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1313:23bft2plunder them0“steal their belongings.” After an army defeated their enemies, they would often plunder their towns by stealing whatever was left of value.
1323:24eny7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochecamp of Israel0Here “Israel” refers only to the Israelite soldiers and not to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the area where the Israelite soldiers had set up their tents” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1333:24v7zwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe Israelites surprised0Here “Israelites” refers only to the Israelite soldiers and not to the whole nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite soldiers surprised” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1343:24g9vnfled before them0Alternate translation: “ran away from them”
1353:25g449rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKir Hareseth0This is the capital of Moab. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1363:25fq8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwas left with its rocks in place0The walls and buildings of the city were made of stones. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “still had its stone walls and buildings in place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1373:25a4lhwith slings0A “sling” is piece of animal skin with long cords at both ends in which a person can put a stone or other small, hard object and throw it a long distance.
1383:26v9leKing Mesha0Translate the name of this king the same as you did in [2 Kings 3:4](../03/04.md).
1393:26hl9ethat the battle was lost0Alternate translation: “that his army was being defeated”
1403:26lyu6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseven hundred swordsmen0“700 swordsmen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1413:26d77cswordsmen0soldiers who fight with swords
1423:26l1sybreak through0“force their way through.” There were many soldiers fighting on the battlefield which made it difficult to move though the crowd.
1433:27d4k7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitoffered him as a burnt offering0King Mesha burned his son with fire until he died. He did this as an offering to Chemosh, the false god of Moab. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1443:27izf1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsSo there was great anger against Israel0Here the word “anger” can be expressed as a verb. There are two possibilities for who is angry here: (1) The Moabite soldiers. Alternate translation: “So the Moabite soldiers were very angry with Israel” or (2) God. Alternate translation: “So God was very angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1454:introma9j0# 2 Kings 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Elisha continues with a group of stories about the miracles Elisha did. (See: [2 Kings 4–6](./01.md) and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Widow\n\nElisha helps a widow financially, and he correctly prophesies that a barren woman would conceive and have a baby by the next year. Later, when that child dies, Elisha miraculously causes him to come back to life. Also, Elisha causes a poisonous food to no longer be harmful, and he miraculously feeds 100 people with only 20 loaves of bread.
1464:1x1uarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1474:1iu5kYour servant my husband0Alternate translation: “My husband, who was your servant”
1484:1s3r1creditor0person who lends other people money
1494:2n1q6Your servant has nothing0The woman refers to herself as Elisha’s servant to show him honor.
1504:2rwy3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbolenothing in the house, except a pot of oil0This is an exaggeration. The only valuable thing she had was a jar of oil. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1514:4pea2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou must go inside0This means to go inside their house. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “you must go inside your house” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1524:6ln26the vessels0Alternate translation: “the jars”
1534:7trw8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe man of God0This refers to Elisha. Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1544:7u3pxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomlive with your sons on the rest0This is an idiom. It means to use the money to buy the things that they need, such as food and clothing. Alternate translation: “use the rest of the money for you and your sons for what you need to live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1554:8agh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShunem0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1564:8aab9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitshe urged him to eat food with her0This means that she asked him to stop and have a meal at her house. Alternate translation: “she asked him to come to her house to have a meal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1574:8zxt5passed by0Alternate translation: “traveled through Shunem”
1584:9t6m9See, now I realize0Alternate translation: “Now I understand”
1594:9s4jrwho is always passing by0Alternate translation: “who travels by regularly”
1604:10wt8rLet us0Here “us” refers to the important woman and her husband.
1614:12jqx1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGehazi0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1624:12dj7qCall this Shunammite0“Call the Shunammite woman.” This refers to the woman from Shunem that Elisha was staying with.
1634:13u5ecrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYou have gone to all this trouble to care for us0The phrase “gone to all this trouble” is an idiom that means to make great effort to do something. Alternate translation: “You have made a great effort to care for us” or “You have worked very hard to take care of us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1644:13vi6jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveWhat can be done for you0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “What can we do for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1654:13dm19rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitCan we speak for you0Here Elisha is asking if she would like for him to speak to the king or army commander to make a request for her. The implicit meaning of this question can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Can we make a request for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1664:13v5zvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI live among my own people0The woman is implying that she does not need anything because her family cares for her needs. Alternate translation: “I live surrounded by my family, and because they take care of me, I have no needs” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1674:15cvk3Call her0Alternate translation: “Ask her to come to see me”
1684:15r7hpWhen he had called her0Alternate translation: “When Gehazi had called her”
1694:15tuw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe door0This refers to the doorway. Alternate translation: “the doorway” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1704:16ybj5a son0Alternate translation: “your son”
1714:16if5wmy master and man of God0The woman uses both of these names to refer to Elisha.
1724:16a4ewyour servant0The woman refers to herself as Elisha’s servant to show him honor.
1734:17gn4cat the same time in the following year0Alternate translation: “during the same season the next year”
1744:18r4huWhen the child had grown0Alternate translation: “When the child was older”
1754:19q4fxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitMy head, my head.0The child said this because his head hurt. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “My head hurts! My head hurts!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1764:20i924rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe child sat on her knees until noon and then died0Here the woman’s knees refer to her lap. She held her son in her lap until he died. Alternate translation: “she held him on her lap until noon and then he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1774:21hf6drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-expliciton the bed of the man of God0This was the bed in the room she had prepared for Elisha when he traveled through Shunem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1784:21a8m1the man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God”
1794:22dr4krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthat I may hurry to the man of God and then come back0The woman told her husband she was going to see Elisha but she did not say that she was going because their son had died. This implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back.’ But she did not tell her husband that their son had died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1804:23v9f7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIt will be all right0The woman states this, knowing this will be the case if her husband does as she requests. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Everything will be all right if you do as I ask” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1814:24r8pmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyshe saddled a donkey0The woman did not saddle the donkey, rather the servant would have saddled it for her. Alternate translation: “she had her servant saddle a donkey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1824:25yqh5So she went and came to the man of God at Mount Carmel0Alternate translation: “So she traveled toward Mount Carmel where Elisha, the man of God, was”
1834:25kpg9So when the man of God saw her in the distance0Alternate translation: “While she was still far off, and Elisha saw her coming”
1844:26h6spIt is alright0Alternate translation: “It is well” or “Yes, everything is fine”
1854:27kq55the mountain0Alternate translation: “Mount Carmel”
1864:27r3nrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitshe caught hold of his feet0This implies that she knelt or laid on the ground in front of him and grabbed his feet. Alternate translation: “she dropped down on the ground in front of him and put her hands around his feet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1874:27wjr1Yahweh has hidden the problem from me, and has told me nothing0Elisha can see that the woman is upset but Yahweh has not revealed to him the cause of her problem.
1884:28ct7irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid I ask you for a son, my master? Did I not say, ‘Do not deceive me’?0The woman uses these rhetorical questions to show that she is upset about what has happened. She is speaking about her conversation with Elisha when he told her that she was going to have a son. These questions may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I did not ask you to give me a son, but I did ask you not to lie to me!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1894:29g9dlDress for travel0Alternate translation: “Get ready to travel”
1904:29gd61If you meet any man, do not greet him, and if anyone greets you, do not answer him0Elisha wanted Gehazi to travel as quickly as possible, without even stopping to talk to anyone.
1914:30x58sAs Yahweh lives, and as you live0This shows that the mother is taking an oath. The mother compares the certainty that Yahweh and Elisha are alive to the certainty of what she is saying. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As surely as Yahweh lives and as you live” or “I solemnly promise that”
1924:31nu33rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbut the child did not speak or hear0This means that the child was not alive. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “but the child did not show any signs of being alive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1934:31pel6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismhas not awakened0Here being dead is spoken of as being asleep. Alternate translation: “is still dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1944:33xt9gSo Elisha went in and shut the door on the child and himself0Alternate translation: “So Elisha went by himself into the room where the child lay, closed the door”
1954:35k6eistretched himself out on the boy0Alternate translation: “laid on top of the boy again”
1964:36i9qzthe Shunammite0Alternate translation: “the Shunammite woman”
1974:37rvs8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionThen she lay facedown on the ground at his feet and bowed to the ground0The woman bowed down before Elisha as a sign of great respect and appreciation. Alternate translation: “Then she bowed in front of Elisha with her face to the ground to show him her gratitude” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
1984:38j4lkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This is an idiom. It does not mean that they were actually the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of men who were prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1994:38mkn9stew0This is a dish that is usually made of meat and vegetables cooked in a pot with liquid.
2004:39n9y9wild gourds0These vegetables were growing wild, meaning someone had not planted them.
2014:39e7esfill the fold of his robe0He lifted the bottom edge of his robe up to his waist to make a place to carry more gourds than he could carry with his hands only.
2024:39e55crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbut did not know what kind they were0Since they did not know what kind of gourds they were they did not know whether or not they were safe to eat. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “but did not know if they were good or bad to eat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2034:40q1p2they poured out the stew0Alternate translation: “they poured the stew into bowls”
2044:40bvf8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythere is death in the pot0This means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. Alternate translation: “there is something in the pot that will kill us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2054:41ss47He threw it into the pot0Alternate translation: “He added it to the stew in the pot”
2064:41r9hqPour it out for the people0Alternate translation: “Serve it to the people”
2074:42e27zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBaal Shalishah0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2084:42p26jrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty loaves0“20 loaves” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2094:42h26nfrom the new harvest0Alternate translation: “made from the grain from the new harvest”
2104:42xa59fresh ears of grain0“fresh heads of grain.” This refers to grain from the new harvest.
2114:43l9rlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat, should I set this before a hundred men?0The man uses this rhetorical question to imply that this is not enough bread to feed 100 men. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “That is not enough to feed a hundred men!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2124:43tp2lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersa hundred men0“100 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2134:44ra7wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe word of Yahweh0Here Yahweh is referred to by what he said. This phrase is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2145:intron1ty0# 2 Kings 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])
2155:1t6rprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyin his master’s view0“sight.” The king’s “view” represents what he thinks about something. Alternate translation: “in the king’s opinion” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2165:1pdy1because by him Yahweh had given victory to Aram0Here “Aram” refers to the Aramean army. Alternate translation: “because through Naaman, Yahweh had given victory to the Aramean army”
2175:2seh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheThe Arameans had gone out0Here the “Arameans” refer to the Aramean soldiers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2185:2vyi9raiding in bands0“in small groups attacking.” This means to go out attacking an enemy in small groups.
2195:3nz19The girl said to her mistress0The girl from Israel, who had been captured by the Aramean soldiers, spoke to Naaman’s wife.
2205:3mnp1my master0Here “my master” refers to Naaman.
2215:5mq1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI will send a letter0The king is going to give the letter to Naaman to take with him to the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “I will send a letter with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2225:5kp6brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersten talents of silver, six thousand pieces of gold0“10 talents of silver, 6,000 pieces of gold.” This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “330 kilograms of sliver, 6,000 pieces of gold” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
2235:5ge56rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittook with him ten … clothes0This were gifts from the king of Aram for the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “took with him ten … clothes, which were gifts for the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2245:7q6lqrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe tore his clothes0Often people would rip their clothes if they were in great distress. Alternate translation: “he ripped his clothes to show his distress” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
2255:7ief7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAm I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man wants me to cure a man of his leprosy?0The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the request of the king of Aram is outrageous and something he cannot do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “The king of Aram must think I am some sort of God, with the power over death and life! He wants me to cure this man of his leprosy, but I cannot do that.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2265:7v9dfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIt seems he is seeking to start an argument with me0The king of Israel did not believe the request to heal Naamam was the real reason for the letter. He thought the real reason was to start a fight. Alternate translation: “It seems he is looking for an excuse to start a fight with me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2275:8ck820# General Information:\n\nElisha talks to the King of Israel about Naaman.
2285:8uj3nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy have you torn your clothes?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to the king that he does not need to be distressed and tear his clothes. Alternate translation: “There is no need to be distressed and tear your clothes.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2295:10qqs5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveyour flesh will be restored0This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “your flesh will be well” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2305:10p9phrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou will be clean0this means that he will no longer be unclean. A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. God considers a person who has leprosy as being defiled and unclean. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2315:11kr9bLook0This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2325:11z6exrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe name of Yahweh0Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate translation: “Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2335:11an1rover the place0Alternate translation: “over the diseased area of my skin” or “over my leprosy”
2345:12yxw5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAre not Abanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel?0Naaman uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that the Abanah and the Pharpar are better rivers than the Jordan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “The Abanah and the Pharpar Rivers, in my home country of Aram, are much better than any of the rivers of Israel! (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2355:12i532rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAbanah and Pharpar0These are the names of rivers. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2365:12iln3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionCan I not bathe in them and be clean?0Naaman uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he could have bathed in the other rivers easily. He believes that bathing in them could heal him just as bathing in the Jordan could. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I should have just bathed in them and been healed!” or “I could just as easily have bathed in them and been healed!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
2375:12d7lxwent away in a rage0Alternate translation: “was very angry as he walked away”
2385:13vet4My father0The servants were showing respect to Naaman by addressing him as “my father” or “sir.”
2395:13yvc6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionwould you not have done it?0The servant uses this question to carefully rebuke Naaman. Alternate translation: “you surely would have done it!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2405:13jg7yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisHow much rather then0The servant is comparing how much more willing Naaman should be to obey a simple command since he is willing to obey a difficult one. Alternate translation: “How much more willing you should be to obey” or “Should you not be even more willing to obey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2415:13yyd5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow much rather then, when he says to you to simply, ‘Dip yourself and be clean?0The servant uses this rhetorical question to emphasize to Naaman that he should obey Elisha’s command. This question can be written as statement. Alternate translation: “You should be even more willing to obey when he says to you simply, ‘Dip yourself and be clean.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2425:14t8jhthe man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God”
2435:14mgk2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileHis flesh was restored again like the flesh of a little child0This speaks how smooth Namaan’s skin is after he is healed by comparing it to the skin of a young child. Alternate translation: “His flesh was restored again and was as soft as the flesh of a young child” or “His skin was well again and was smooth like a young child’s skin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2445:14fh8aHis flesh0Alternate translation: “His skin”
2455:14y52xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehe was healed0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his leprosy was gone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2465:15y16hLook0This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2475:15j17qthere is no God in all the earth except in Israel0Alternate translation: “the only God in all the earth is in Israel”
2485:16d9cfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh lives, before whom I stand, I0“As surely as I know that Yahweh lives, before whom I stand.” Here Elisha compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty that he will not receive any gifts from Naaman. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As surely as Yahweh lives, before whom I stand, I promise you that I” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2495:16ha3trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbefore whom I stand0Here serving Yahweh is spoken of as standing in his presence. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2505:16rt86rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI will receive nothing0This means that he will not accept any gifts. Alternate translation: “I will not take any gifts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2515:17wz69rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisIf not0The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: “If you will not take the gifts I have brought for you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2525:17uf7src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivelet there be given to your servant0This can be stated in active from. Alternate translation: “let me have” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2535:17iy2lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittwo mule loads of earth0Naaman is asking to take soil from Israel and place it in sacks for two mules to carry home with him. He then plans to build an altar on the soil. Alternate translation: “as much soil from Israel as two mules can carry, so that I can build an altar to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2545:17j1asyour servant0Naaman refers to himself as Elisha’s servant to honor him.
2555:17fvw4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativeswill offer neither burnt offering nor sacrifice to any god but Yahweh0This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “will not offer burnt offering or sacrifice to any god but Yahweh” or “will only offer burnt offerings and sacrifices to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
2565:18xb8awhen my king0This is referring to the king of Aram, the king that Namaan works for.
2575:18w99ehe leans on my hand0“he supports himself on my arm.” This means that Naaman assists the king when he bows in the house of Rimmon because the king is either old or sick.
2585:19t8ubGo in peace0Alternate translation: “Go home and do not worry” or “Leave without fear”
2595:20rr3dHe had traveled0Alternate translation: “Naaman had traveled”
2605:20e8j4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGehazi0See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 4:12](../04/12.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2615:20agk6Look0This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2625:20d3gehas spared this Naaman the Aramean0Alternate translation: “has let Naaman the Aramean leave too easily”
2635:20zf65by not receiving0Alternate translation: “by not accepting”
2645:20d1p9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochefrom his hands0Here Naaman is referred to by his hands to emphasize the act of giving. Alternate translation: “from him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2655:20bj14rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileAs Yahweh lives0“As surely as Yahweh lives.” Here Gehazi compares the certainty that Yahweh is alive to the certainty of what he has decided to do. This is a way of making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “As Yahweh lives, I promise” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2665:22my23rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomof the sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “from among the prophets there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2675:22e1mdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitPlease give them a talent of silver and two changes of clothes0Gehazi is asking Naaman to give these things to him so that he can take them and give them to the prophets. Alternate translation: “Please give me a talent of sliver and two changes of clothes to give to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2685:22a896See0This word is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
2695:22m6ylrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweighta talent of silver0This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “33 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
2705:23eu8wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweighttwo talents0This can be written in modern measurements. This talents are of silver. Alternate translation: “two talents of silver” or “66 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2715:23hvj3laid them on two0Alternate translation: “gave them to”
2725:23dk33rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitNaaman urged Gehazi0Naaman urged him to take gifts. Alternate translation: “Naaman urged Gehazi to take the gifts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2735:25g7mtYour servant0Gehazi refers to himself here as Elisha’s servant.
2745:26vnd5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWas not my spirit with you when the man turned his chariot to meet you?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that Yahweh allowed him to see what Gehazi had done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have realized that my spirit could see you when Naaman stopped his chariot and talked to you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2755:26db2trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs this a time to accept money … female servants?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that this is not the time take gifts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is not the time to accept money … female servants.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2765:27zy6vthe leprosy of Naaman will be on you and your descendants0This speaks of Gehazi and his descendant getting leprosy as if Naaman’s leprosy was taken from him and given to Gehazi. Alternate translation: “you and your descendants will have leprosy, just as Naaman had leprosy”
2775:27qcw4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomSo Gehazi went out from his presence0The phrase “his presence” refers to the area where Elisha could see him. This means that he left the room where Elisha was. Alternate translation: “When Gehazi left the room, he was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2785:27j8kwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileas white as snow0Leprosy makes skin white. Here Gehazi’s leprous skin is compared to the color of snow. Alternate translation: “with skin that was white like snow” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2796:introx6uv0# 2 Kings 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Impossible actions\n\nElisha caused an iron ax head to float. He fooled the whole army of Aram that was sent to arrest him. When the king of Aram besieged the capital of Israel, the people became so hungry they started eating their children. Elisha told the king of Israel that there would be plenty of food the next day, but the king’s counselor said it was impossible.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical question\n\nThe king’s counselor expressed his unbelief in Elisha’s prophecy of plenty of food: “See, even if Yahweh should make windows in heaven, can this thing happen?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]])
2806:1u5chrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomThe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “The group of prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2816:2g72irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitlet us go to the Jordan0This refers to the area by the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “let us go beside the Jordan River” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2826:3hhg8your servants0Here one of the prophet refers to the of the sons of the prophets as Elisha’s servants to show him honor.
2836:4id1n0# General Information:\n\nElisha goes with the prophets to cut trees.
2846:5bz3ithe ax head fell into the water0The ax head refers to the blade of the ax. This means that the ax head came loose from its the handle and fell into the water. Alternate translation: “the ax head separated from the handle and fell into the water”
2856:5aig1Oh no0The man said this to show that he was upset and frustrated. If you have a way of expressing these emotions in your language, you can use it here.
2866:5e14arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit was borrowed0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I borrowed it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2876:6b5x5So the man of God said0Alternate translation: “So Elisha, the man of God, asked”
2886:6vgb6He then cut off a stick, threw it in the water, and made the iron float0God uses Elisha to perform a miracle. The ax head rises to the surface of the water and it stays there so the prophet can pick it up.
2896:6q3qamade the iron float0Alternate translation: “caused the iron to float”
2906:6tcc9the iron0“the ax head.” The ax head was made of iron.
2916:8q2d7Now the king of Aram was waging war against Israel0Alternate translation: “When the king of Aram was at war with Israel,”
2926:8qf7lNow0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story.
2936:8iyb8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotationssaying, “My camp will be in such and such a place0The king of Aram was telling his counselors where to set up the camp. Here the phrase “such and such” is a way to refer to the information of the location of the camp without writing it out. If this phase does not translate well into your language this may be written as indirect speech. Alternate translation: “and told them where his camp would be located” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
2946:9k7a6the man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha the man of God”
2956:9e7xwBe careful not to pass that place, for the Arameans are going down there0Elisha knew the specific place that the Arameans were going to set up their camp and advised the king of Israel for his soldiers to avoid that area.
2966:10ta6ito the place about which the man of God had spoken and warned him0This refers to the place that Elisha had warned the king about in [2 Kings 6:9](../06/09.md).
2976:10dp7hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitMore than once or twice, when the king went there, he was on his guard0Elisha would warn the king of where the Aramean army would attack so that he could alert the people before the attack happened. Alternate translation: “Elisha warned the king of Israel in this way several times and the Israelites were able to stay safe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2986:11uas1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWill you not tell me who among us is for the king of Israel?0The king of Aram assumes there is a traitor among his soldiers who is giving information to the Israelite king. He uses this rhetorical question to try to find out who that traitor is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me which of you is for the king of Israel!” or “Tell me which of you is revealing our plans to the king of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
2996:11i6k1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomis for the king of Israel0“To be for someone” means to be loyal to that person. In this case, it means that they would give information to help the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “is helping the king of Israel” or “is loyal to the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3006:12j6i2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitNo0The servant is saying that none of the king’s soldiers are giving information to the king of Israel. Alternate translation: “It is none of us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3016:12utm2my master, king0This refers to the king of Aram.
3026:12kf93the words that you speak in your own bedroom0Alternate translation: “what you say in the privacy of your own bedroom”
3036:13zc42rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI may send men and capture him0The king plans to send the men to capture Elisha for him. The king does not plan to capture him himself. Alternate translation: “I may send men to capture him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3046:13dwq5See0This word is used here to draw the king’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
3056:13j6jnhe is in Dothan0Alternate translation: “Elisha is in Dothan”
3066:13q8tprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesDothan0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3076:14m6bpSo the king0This refers to the king of Aram.
3086:15bva6the man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha” or “Elisha the man of God”
3096:15s75pbehold0The word “behold” here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw.
3106:15ic1zhad risen early and gone outside, behold0Alternate translation: “got up early in the morning and went outside, and he saw”
3116:15nj18rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHis servant said to him0The servant went back inside the house to tell Elisha what he had seen. Alternate translation: “The servant went back inside and said to Elisha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3126:16akl9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthose who are with us are more than those who are with them0“To be with someone” in battle means to fight for their side. Alternate translation: “those who are on our side in the battle are more than those who are on their side” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3136:17lck2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomopen his eyes that he may see0Elisha is asking that his servant may be able to see things that other people cannot see, namely the horses and chariots of fire that are around them. Alternate translation: “make him able to see” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3146:17z4r5he saw. Behold0Alternate translation: “he could see. What he saw was that”
3156:17z6diBehold0The word “Behold” here shows that the servant was surprised by what he saw.
3166:17si9bthe mountain was full of horses0Alternate translation: “the mountainside was covered with horses”
3176:17qyw8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyaround Elisha0This refers to the city where Elisha is. Alternate translation: “around the city where Elisha was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3186:18a675these people0This refers to the Aramean soldiers.
3196:18v378Strike these people blind0“Cause these people to be blind!” This refers to Yahweh causing them to be unable to see clearly.
3206:19w7lprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThis is not the way, neither is this the city0Elisha confuses the Arameans by telling them that they are not at the city they are searching for. Alternate translation: “This is not the way, neither is this the city you are looking for” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3216:20i4n4It came about that0Alternate translation: “It happened that” or “Then,”
3226:20ns1brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomopen the eyes of these men that they may see0Elisha is asking Yahweh to cause the men to see clearly again. Alternate translation: “allow these men to see” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3236:20vd3frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomYahweh opened their eyes and they saw0Yahweh allowed the men to see clearly again. Alternate translation: “Yahweh took away their blindness” or “Yahweh allowed them to see clearly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3246:20jcr4behold0The word “behold” here shows that the Arameans were surprised by what they saw.
3256:21y74cwhen he saw them0Alternate translation: “when he saw the Aramean soldiers”
3266:21r85jMy father0The king is speaking to Elisha the prophet and calling him “father” to show respect.
3276:21w4i5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyshould I kill them? Should I kill them?0Here the king of Israel is referring to his army as himself. Alternate translation: “Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3286:22we2xElisha answered0Elisha was replying to the king of Israel’s question.
3296:22uvl9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWould you kill those whom you had taken captive with your sword and bow?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to rebuke the king and tell him not to kill these men. The words “sword and bow” are a metonym for war in which soldiers use swords and bows and arrows. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You would not kill men whom you had captured in war, so you should not kill these men.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3306:22p6iqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochePut bread and water before them, that they may eat and drink0Here “bread” refers to food in general. Alternate translation: “Give them food to eat and water to drink” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
3316:22ga8cgo to their master0This refers to the king of Aram.
3326:23bl78rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymySo the king prepared much food for them0The king ordered his servants to prepare the food. He did not prepare the food himself. Alternate translation: “Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3336:23ssk3Those bands0Alternate translation: “Those groups”
3346:23yc6trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitdid not return for a long time into the land of Israel0This means that they did not attack Israel for a long time. Alternate translation: “stopped attacking the land of Israel for a long time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3356:24wce5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBen Hadad0The name of the king of Aram. His name means “son of Hadad.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3366:24qq7jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheattacked Samaria0The king and his army attacked Samaria. Alternate translation: “they attacked Samaria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
3376:25qv4kBehold0The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
3386:25fhe7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivea donkey’s head was sold for0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a donkey’s head cost” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3396:25w1hdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberseighty pieces of silver0“80 pieces of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
3406:25zt5yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumethe fourth part of a kab0This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a fourth part of a liter” or “a quarter of a liter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
3416:25qsq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fractionthe fourth part0This is one part out of four equal parts. Alternate translation: “one fourth” or “a quarter” or “1/4” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
3426:25rs62rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisdove’s dung for0The words “was sold for” are understood from the previous phrase. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “dove’s dung was sold for” or “dove’s dung cost” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
3436:26s9jnwas passing by on the wall0Alternate translation: “walking on top of the city wall”
3446:26ver8my master0The woman referred to the king by this name to show him respect.
3456:27hhf3He said0Alternate translation: “The king of Israel answered the woman,”
3466:27i7qsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIf Yahweh does not help you, how can I help you?0The king uses this rhetorical question to tell the woman that he cannot help her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “If Yahweh is not helping you, then I cannot help you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3476:27x15qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs there anything coming from the threshing floor or winepress?0The king uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that there is no food available. Here the threshing floor refers to grain and the winepress refers to wine. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “There is nothing coming from the threshing floor or the winepress.” or “There is no food to harvest or any grapes to make wine to drink.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3486:28ud9vThe king continued0“The king said.” This means that they continued talking.
3496:29x1zjwe boiled0Alternate translation: “we cooked”
3506:30b5qarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyheard the words of the woman0The words “the words” are a metonym for what the woman said. Alternate translation: “heard the woman tell what she and the other woman had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3516:30run8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe tore his clothes0The king ripped his outer garment to show his distress. Alternate translation: “he tore his clothes in grief” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
3526:30ht3dnow he was passing by on the wall0He had been walking on the city wall when the woman called out to him in [2 Kings 6:24](../06/24.md). Now he continued walking along it.
3536:30ss3crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe had sackcloth underneath, against his skin0By wearing sackcloth even for his undergarments, the king showed that he was very sad and upset. Alternate translation: “he had sackcloth underneath his outer garment, against his skin” or “he was wearing sackcloth underneath his robe because he was very upset” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
3546:31uj2prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismMay God do so to me, and more also0The king is saying he hopes God will punish him and even kill him if Elisha the prophet does not die because of the things that have happened in the city of Samaria. Alternate translation: “May God punish me and kill me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
3556:31se8brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitif the head of Elisha son of Shaphat remains on him today0This refers to Elisha dying, specifically be being beheaded. Alternate translation: “if Elisha son of Shaphat is not beheaded today” or “if my soldiers do not behead Elisha son of Shaphat today” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3566:32l5izrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomThe king sent a man from before him0“To be before the king” means to be one of his servants. Alternate translation: “The king of Israel sent one of his servants as a messenger” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3576:32q454rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwhen the messenger came to Elisha, he said to the elders0Here Elisha is speaking to the elders right before the king’s messenger arrived. Alternate translation: “when the messenger had almost arrived, Elisha said to the elders” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3586:32n9c4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionSee how this son of a murderer has sent to take away my head?0Elisha uses this rhetorical question to draw attention to the kings messenger and to insult the king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “See, this son of a murderer has sent someone to remove my head!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3596:32vw57rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomson of a murderer0This means that the king of Israel has the characteristics of a murderer. Alternate translation: “this man who is like a murderer” or “that murderer” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3606:32evx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsishas sent to0It is understood that he sent a person. Alternate translation: “has sent someone to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
3616:32xt8trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismto take away my head0This means to behead him. Alternate translation: “to cut off my head” or “to behead me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
3626:32nrb2Look, when0Elisha uses this word here to draw the elder’s attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen to what I want you to do: when”
3636:32sy1arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomhold the door shut against him0If a door is shut against someone it means that it is closed and that they may not enter through it. Alternate translation: “hold the door shut so that he cannot come in” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3646:32m2uvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIs not the sound of his master’s feet behind him?0Elisha uses this question to assure the elders that the king is coming not far behind him. This rhetorical question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “The sound of his master’s feet is right behind him.” or “The king will be coming along soon after he arrives.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3656:33uca5behold, the messenger0The word “behold” alerts us to the arrival of the messenger.
3666:33qg92rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe messenger came down to him0The messenger arrived, and so did the king, as Elisha had said he would. The phrase “came down to him” means that they arrived at the place where he was. Alternate translation: “the messenger and the king arrived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3676:33q6nqBehold0Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
3686:33hk72this trouble0“Indeed, this trouble.” The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. The phrase “this trouble” refers to the famine in Samaria and the suffering it caused.
3696:33txv7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWhy should I wait for Yahweh any longer?0This king use this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not believe that Yahweh is going to help them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Why should I continue to wait for Yahweh to help us?” or “I will not wait any longer for help from Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3707:introtr2p0# 2 Kings 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Fear\n\nGod caused the army of Aram to hear the sound of an enormous army approaching so they all ran away leaving all their food behind.
3717:1tu65rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicita measure of fine flour will be sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel0It is implied that the Israelites will be paying less money for these item than they had been. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will sell a measure of fine flour for a shekel and two measures of barley for a shekel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3727:1cq3prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumea measure of fine flour … two measures of barley0Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “7 liters of fine flour … 14 liters of barley” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
3737:1y4hprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneya shekel0A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
3747:2su6xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe captain on whose hand the king leaned0A high ranking captain who was the king’s personal assistant is spoken of as if he was a person on whom the king leaned his hand. Alternate translation: “the captain who was close to the king” or “the captain who was the king’s personal assistant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3757:2s4x6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoreven if Yahweh should make windows in heaven0Yahweh causing much rain to fall in order to make the crops grow is spoken of as if Yahweh were opening windows in heaven through which he pours down rain. Alternate translation: “even if Yahweh were to cause much rain to fall from heaven” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3767:2wdq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestioncan this thing happen?0The captain asks this question to express his unbelief. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “this could never happen!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3777:2wqh6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheyou will watch it happen with your own eyes0The phrase “with your own eyes” emphasizes that the captain will certainly see the things that Elisha prophesied. Alternate translation: “you yourself will watch these things happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
3787:2d4g8but you will not eat any of it0Alternate translation: “but you will not eat any of the flour or barely”
3797:3fjf7Now0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer starts to tell a new part of the story.
3807:3bwd4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy should we sit here until we die?0Although there were four men, probably only one of them asks this question. The question is rhetorical and emphasizes that they should not do this. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly we should not sit here until we die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
3817:4phg1If they keep us alive, we will live, and if they kill us, we will only die0The four men with leprosy are saying that the Arameans might feed them so that they can live, or they might kill them, which would be no worse since they would die anyway.
3827:5s9aaat twilight0This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark.
3837:5wz76the outermost part0Alternate translation: “the edge”
3847:6mi4lthe Aramean army hear a noise of chariots, and a noise of horses—the noise of another large army0The soldiers of the Aramean army heard noises that sounded like a large army approaching to battle them. This was not an actual army, but the Lord had made them hear these sounds.
3857:6ue8pthey said to each other0Alternate translation: “the Aramean soldiers said to each other”
3867:6msm4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe kings of the Hittites and Egyptians0Here the word “kings” represents the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of the Hittites and the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
3877:6z55ato come against us0Alternate translation: “to fight us” or “to attack us”
3887:7q69m0# General Information:\n\nThis is what happened after the Lord caused the Aramean soldiers to think they heard a large enemy army approaching their camp.
3897:7nsr2in the twilight0This refers to the early evening after the sun has set, but before it is dark.
3907:8pq49plunder0This refers to items that a conquering army takes from another army that they have defeated. Here it refers to “silver and gold and clothes.”
3917:9rl1zuntil daybreak0Alternate translation: “until morning”
3927:9bw6krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorpunishment will overtake us0Someone punishing the four men is spoken of as if punishment were a person who captures them. Alternate translation: “the people will punish us” or “someone will punish us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
3937:9mg3rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymytell the king’s household0Here the word “household” represents the people who live in the king’s palace. Alternate translation: “tell the king and his people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3947:10n961rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitas they were0The implicit information may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “as they were when the soldiers were still there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3957:11c178rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethen it was told inside the king’s household0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “then people told it inside the king’s household” or “then people told it to the king and those in his palace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3967:12i2pphave done to us0Alternate translation: “are planning to do to us” or “have done to deceive us”
3977:12w1yttake them alive0This means that they would capture the people and not kill them.
3987:13sp83rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe horses that remain, which are left in the city0Many of the horses belonging to the Israelites had died because of the famine. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the horses in the city that are still alive” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3997:13gv7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitsee0The implicit information about what he wanted to see may be expressed clearly. Alternate translation: “see if what these lepers have said is true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4007:14ns26rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitGo and see0The implicit information about what the king wanted them to see may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Go and see if what these lepers have said is true” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4017:15zcq2They went after them to the Jordan0Alternate translation: “They followed the path the Aramean army took all the way to the Jordan River”
4027:15l1aarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the road was full of clothes and equipment0This is an exaggeration that means the men saw these items scattered along the road as they traveled. Alternate translation: “there were clothes and equipment all along the road” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
4037:16e95zplundered the camp0This refers to taking items from a defeated army.
4047:16pu67rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveSo a measure of fine flour was sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “So people sold a measure of fine flour for a shekel and two measures of barley for a shekel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4057:16eh13rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumea measure of fine flour … two measures of barley0Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “7 liters of fine flour … 14 liters of barley” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
4067:16pys5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneya shekel0A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
4077:16tv5drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyjust as the word of Yahweh had said0Here “word” represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4087:17hws6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe captain on whose hand he had leaned0A high ranking captain who was the king’s personal assistant is spoken of as if he were a person on whom the king leaned his hand. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “the captain who was close to the king” or “the captain who was the king’s personal assistant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4097:17r27etrampled him down0The crowd of people were in such a rush to get to the food in the camp that they knocked over the man and trampled him to death.
4107:18a3ewrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory0# General Information:\n\nIn this verse, the writer summarizes what happened by repeating the events that he described in [2 Kings 7:1](../07/01.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
4117:18ky49About this time0Alternate translation: “About this time tomorrow”
4127:18y32grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolumetwo measures of barley … a measure of fine flour0Here the word “measure” translates the word “seah,” which is a unit of dry measurement equal to about 7 liters. Alternate translation: “14 liters of barley … 7 liters of fine flour” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
4137:18kz43rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneya shekel0A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 11 grams of silver” or “one silver coin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
4147:19n3lyrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory0# General Information:\n\nIn this verse, the writer summarizes what happened by repeating the events that he described in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
4157:19g1xxSee0Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
4167:19gkc2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoreven if Yahweh should make windows in heaven0Yahweh causing much rain to fall in order to make the crops grow is spoken of as if Yahweh were opening windows in heaven through which he pours down rain. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “even if Yahweh were to cause much rain to fall from heaven” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4177:19k7ajrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestioncan this thing happen?0The captain asks this question to express his unbelief. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “this could never happen!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
4187:19z799rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheyou will watch it happen with your own eyes0The phrase “with your own eyes” emphasizes that the captain will certainly see the things that Elisha prophesied. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate translation: “you yourself will watch these things happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4197:19e8nibut you will not eat any of it0Alternate translation: “but you will not eat any of the flour or barley”
4208:introbje70# 2 Kings 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe stories of Elisha’s miracles continue in this chapter. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Kings\n\nElisha told Hazael that he would be king of Aram. Jehoram became king of Judah. He was evil so Edom and Libna revolted and chose their own kings. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
4218:1j132Now0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the story.
4228:1uw76the woman whose son he had restored to life0The story of this woman and her son is found at [2 Kings 4:8](../04/08.md).
4238:1d8nnhe had restored to life0Alternate translation: “he had caused to become alive again”
4248:1imp7Arise, and go0To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he needs to do. Alternate translation: “Do as I say, and go”
4258:2j2gkthe woman arose and she obeyed the word of the man of God0To arise here is for a person to stop what he is doing and begin to do what he needs to do. She may have been standing when she heard Elisha speak and decided to go.
4268:2q2buthe man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God”
4278:3u7wwto the king0This refers to the king of Israel.
4288:3z25qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfor her house and for her land0While the woman was gone, her home and property were sieged. She is begging for them to be returned to her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “for her home and her property to be returned to her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4298:4a78nrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells us background information about what the king was doing when the woman arrived. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
4308:5dt7ahad restored to life the child who was dead0Alternate translation: “had caused the child who was dead to become alive again”
4318:5yfr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfor her house and land0While the woman was gone, her home and property were sieged. She is begging for them to be returned to her. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “for her home and her property to be returned to her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4328:6zv9xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitabout her son0This refers to the story of her son dying and Elisha bringing him back to life. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “about what had happened to her son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4338:6lmk8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyall the harvests of her fields0This metonym refers to the amount of money that the harvests of her fields were worth while she was away. Alternate translation: “all the profit from the harvests of her fields” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4348:7e6xarc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBen Hadad0This is the name of the king of Aram. His name means “son of Hadad.” See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 6:24](../06/24.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4358:8ds2trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazael0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4368:8q5rurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheTake a gift0Hazael was to take many gifts, not just one. Alternate translation: “take many gifts” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4378:8gw6trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomin your hand0The phrase “in your hand” is an idiom meaning for him to take the gifts with him. Alternate translation: “with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
4388:8weg2the man of God0Alternate translation: “Elisha, the man of God”
4398:8ks64consult with Yahweh through him, saying0Alternate translation: “ask Elisha to ask Yahweh”
4408:9bpb7carried by forty camels0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which forty camels carried”
4418:9n2g2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty camels0“40 camels” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
4428:9sg7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYour son Ben Hadad king of Aram0Ben Hadad was not actually Elisha’s son, but Hazael called him that to show a close relationship between them. Alternate translation: “Ben Hadad, the king of Aram, who is like a son to you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4438:11y1jtuntil he was ashamed0Alternate translation: “until Hazael felt uncomfortable”
4448:12c1pwmy master0Hazael refers to Elisha this way to honor him.
4458:12k88jBecause I know0God has shown Elisha what will take place in the future.
4468:12cp79rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheyou will do0The word “you” represents Hazael and refers to himself and the soldiers under his control when he is king. Alternate translation: “you will cause to happen” or “you will order your soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4478:12rs1hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyYou will set … you will kill0The word “you” represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate translation: “You soldiers will set … your soldiers will kill” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4488:12mwe9dash in pieces their little ones0“crush their little children.” This is a brutal description of the soldiers killing children.
4498:12c5cfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymykill their young men with the sword0This means that the men will be killed in battle. The sword was the main weapon used in battle. Alternate translation: “kill their young men in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4508:12m5j3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitrip open their pregnant women0Specifically this refers to tear open their stomachs. Alternate translation: “rip open the stomachs of their pregnant women with swords” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4518:13t6fkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWho is your servant, that he should do this great thing?0Hazel refers to himself here as Elisha’s servant. Hazel uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not think he could do the terrible things that Elisha has said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I could never do such great things!” or “Who am I, that I would have the power to do such things?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
4528:13jrg4this great thing0“this terrible thing.” Here the word “great” refers to something that has a large effect and is terrible.
4538:13pk37rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe is only a dog0Hazael is talking about himself. He speaks of his low status and lack of influence by comparing himself to a dog. Here a dog represents a lowly animal. Alternate translation: “I am as powerless as a dog” or “I am as powerless as a lowly animal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4548:14u24xcame to his master0The phrase “his master” refers to Ben Hadad.
4558:15k77krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitface so that he died0This means that Ben Hadad suffocated under the wet blanket. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “face. Ben Hadad was unable to breathe through it, and so he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4568:16x6vk0# General Information:\n\nJehoram becomes king of Judah.
4578:16twh9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the fifth year of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel0This describes the time that Jehoram began to reign over Judah by stating how long Joram, the current king of Israel, had been reigning. Alternate translation: “In the fifth year that Jorman son of Ahab was king of Israel” or “In year five of the reign of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4588:16th81rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalfifth year0“year 5” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
4598:16kr57Jehoram began to reign0Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat, became the king of Judah.
4608:17yy79rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-two years old0“32 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
4618:18n85xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomJehoram walked in the ways of the kings of Israel0Here “walking” is an idiom that refers to how he lived and reigned as king. At this time in history, the recent kings of Israel had been evil kings. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Jehoram was an evil king, just as other kings of Israel who ruled before him had been” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4628:18dj52rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyas the house of Ahab was doing0Here the “house” of Ahab refers to the members of Ahab’s family and his recent descendants. Ahab is Jehoram father-in-law. Alternate translation: “the same as the rest of the family of Ahab was doing” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4638:18s1wcfor he had Ahab’s daughter as his wife0Jehoram had married king Ahab’s daughter.
4648:18p4ymrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in Yahweh’s sight0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4658:19j8s5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymydestroy Judah0Here “Judah” is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “destroy the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4668:19yb5arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitsince he had told him that he would always give him descendants0“since Yahweh had told David that he would always give David descendants.” This refers to Yahweh’s promise to David that his descendants would always rule Judah. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “since he had told David that his descendants would always rule Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4678:20g8i2Edom revolted from under0Alternate translation: “Edom rebelled against”
4688:20lj7qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe hand of Judah0Here the word “hand” refers to the control of Judah, and “Judah” refers specifically to the king of Judah. Alternate translation: “the control of the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4698:20m55mthey set a king over themselves0Alternate translation: “they appointed a king to rule over themselves”
4708:21gqd7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThen Jehoram crossed over0What was “crossed over” can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Then Jehoram crossed the enemy lines” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4718:22bue70# General Information:\n\nKing Jehoram of Judah dies and his son Ahaziah becomes king.
4728:22tvz8So Edom has been in rebellion against the rule of Judah to this present day0Alternate translation: “So after that, Edom was no longer controlled by Judah, and it is still like that”
4738:22za77rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe rule of Judah0Here “Judah” refers to the king of Judah. Alternate translation: “the rule of the king of Judah” or “the authority of the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4748:22gu5qto this present day0to the time that this book was written
4758:22c7wsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitLibnah also revolted at the same time0Libnah rebelled against the king of Judah just as Edom had. Alternate translation: “During that same time, Libnah also rebelled against the king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4768:22ezk7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLibnah0This is another city that was originally part of Judah. Here “Libnah” refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the people of Libnah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4778:23nxu4As for the other matters concerning Jehoram, all that he did0Alternate translation: “To read more about the history of Jehoram and what he did,”
4788:23ys1vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Judah?0This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jehoram is in this other book. Alternate translation: “these things are written … Judah.” or “someone has written about them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4798:24a4g1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismJehoram rested with his fathers and was buried with them0Here “rested” is a polite way of referring to someone dying. After he died, his body was buried in the same place as the bodies of his forefathers. The phrase “was buried” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jehoram died as his ancestors had died, and they buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4808:24a8hwThen Ahaziah his son became king in his place0Alternate translation: “Then Ahaziah, Jehoram’s son, became king after he died”
4818:25xk560# General Information:\n\nAhaziah becomes king of Judah.
4828:25f3kdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the twelfth year of Joram son of Ahab, king of Israel0This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign as king of Judah by stating how long Joram, the current king of Israel, had reigned. Alternate translation: “in the twelfth year that Joram son of Ahab was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4838:25x65crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinaltwelfth year0“12th year” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
4848:26jxz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty-two years0“22 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
4858:26ja9urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAthaliah … Omri0Athaliah is the name of a woman. Omri is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4868:27tvy6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomAhaziah walked in the ways of0Here “walking” refers his behavior or the way in which he lived. Alternate translation: “Ahaziah lived the same way as the others in” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
4878:27a5adrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe house of Ahab0Here the “house” of Ahab refers to his family. Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4888:27r7k2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4898:27h1s1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicita son-in-law to the house of Ahab0This explains Ahaziah’s family relationship to Ahab. Ahaziah’s father was married to Ahab’s daughter. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the son of Ahab’s son-in-law” or “a grandson of King Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4908:28hi68rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheAhaziah went with Joram son of Ahab, to fight against Hazael, king of Aram0The names of the three kings listed here are synecdoches and refer also to their armies that accompany them. Alternate translation: “Ahaziah’s army joined the army of King Joram of Israel to fight against the army of King Hazael of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4918:29e1qqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto be healed0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to heal” or “to recover” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4928:29wi44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheagainst Hazael king of Aram0Here “Hazael” refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: “the army of Hazael king of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4938:29c1uirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveJoram had been wounded0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the Arameans had wounded Joram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4949:introeu4t0# 2 Kings 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe life of Elisha continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### King Jehu\n\nElisha told a young prophet to go and tell Jehu that God had made him the new king. Jehu killed the kings of both Israel and Judah and Jezebel, the mother of the king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
4959:1yn86rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe sons of the prophets0This does not mean that they were the sons of prophets, but rather, that they were a group of prophets. See how you translated this phrase in [2 Kings 2:3](../02/03.md). Alternate translation: “the group of the prophets” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
4969:1xc5src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochein your hand0The phrase “in your hand” refers to him taking the bottle with him. Alternate translation: “with you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
4979:1u975rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRamoth Gilead0Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4989:2bsu9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehu son of Jehoshaphat son of Nimshi0This means that Jehoshaphat is Jehu’s father and that Nimshi is Jehoshapat’s father. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4999:2suq1companions0These are the people with whom Jehu was sitting.
5009:2y74xconduct him to0Alternate translation: “go along with him to” or “take him along to”
5019:2ycw4an inner chamber0Alternate translation: “a private room”
5029:5s5qabehold0The writer uses the word “behold” to direct attention to what follows. If you have a way of doing this in your language, you can use it here.
5039:5nk22rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe captains of the army were sitting0Jehu was sitting among the captains. You may introduce Jehu to the story line here if this is necessary in your language. Alternate translation: “Jehu and some other army officers were sitting together” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5049:5y24hTo which of us0The word “us” refers to Jehu and the other army captains.
5059:7e949rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of Yahweh0Here the “blood” of the prophets and the servants refers to their deaths. Alternate translation: “I may avenge the deaths of my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh” or “so that I may punish them for murdering my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5069:7v3iwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisthe blood0The understood verb may be supplied. Alternate translation: “avenge the blood” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
5079:7t494rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewho were murdered by the hand of Jezebel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Jezebel commanded her servants to murder” or “whose deaths were commanded by Jezebel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5089:7f5vjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyby the hand of Jezebel0This means that Jezebel commanded the people to be killed. Alternate translation: “by an order from Jezebel” or “by Jezebel’s command” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5099:8xlv4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismFor the whole family of Ahab will perish, and I will cut off from Ahab every male child0Here to be “cut off” means to be killed. Alternate translation: “For the whole family of Ahab will perish, and I will cause every male child in his family to be killed” or “Every member of Ahab’s family will die, including every male child” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
5109:8nm7urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheevery male child0This phrase is used to refer to every male, but it specifies “child” to emphasize that it includes children. Alternate translation: “every male” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5119:9ev98rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI will make the house of Ahab like0This means that God will destroy Ahab and his family just as he destroyed Jeroboam and Baasha and their families. Alternate translation: “I will get rid of the house of Ahab like I got rid of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5129:9t27arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe house of0This phrase is used in this verse three times. Each time, the word “house” refers to the “family” of the man specified. Alternate translation: “the family of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5139:9xb8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterateNebat … Ahijah0These are the names of men. Translate the name “Nebat” the same as you did in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
5149:10lvi6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe dogs will eat Jezebel0This means that the dogs will eat her dead body. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat the dead body of Jezebel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5159:11b369the servants of his master0This refers to the other officers who were serving King Ahab.
5169:11p1vqmad fellow0Alternate translation: “crazy man”
5179:11g6byYou know the man and the kinds of things he says0Jehu says that he is a young prophet and they all are familiar with the kinds of things young prophets generally say. Alternate translation: “You know what kinds of things young prophets like him say”
5189:12vtu9Tell us0Alternate translation: “Tell us what he said”
5199:12hqz3He said this and that to me0Alternate translation: “He talked about some things”
5209:13zdb5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicittook off his outer garment and put it under Jehu0In this culture, putting clothing on the ground was a way of honoring the king, so that his feet would not touch the dirty ground. Alternate translation: “took off their outer clothes and put them in front of Jehu for him to walk on” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5219:13ex32rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheThey blew the trumpet and said0Not every man blew a trumpet. It is likely only one man blew a trumpet. Alternate translation: “One of them blew the trumpet and they all said” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5229:14hv9prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNimshi0Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [2 Kings 9:2](../09/02.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5239:14s5nwrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow Joram0This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about how Joram was wounded and went to recover in Jezreel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
5249:14pd6wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheall Israel0These refers only to the Israelite army and not to everyone who lives in Israel. Alternate translation: “he and his army” or “he and the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5259:14w256rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazael0Translate the name of this man the same as you did in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5269:15lga8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveto be healed of0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to recover from” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5279:15py61rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe wounds that the Arameans had given him0This means that he was wounded in battle with the Arameans. Alternate translation: “wounds that Joram got during the battle with the Aramean army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5289:15v2kzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheagainst Hazael king of Aram0This refers to Hazael and his army. Alternate translation: “against Hazael king of Aram and his army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5299:15u6gvJehu said to the servants of Joram0This refers to the officers who were with Joram at Ramoth Gilead.
5309:15tk4frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIf this is your opinion0“If you are in agreement with me” Jehu uses this phrase to refer to if people are supportive of him being king and of his decisions. Alternate translation: “If you truly want me to be your king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5319:15a8i6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin order to go tell this news in Jezreel0This refers to telling Joram and his army of Jehu’s plans. Alternate translation: “to warn king Joram and his army in Jezreel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5329:16w7v3rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow Ahaziah0The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Ahaziah visiting Joram. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
5339:17d5k3watchman0guard
5349:17fqp2the company of Jehu as he came at a distance0Alternate translation: “Jehu and his men as they were still far away”
5359:18v71nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat have you to do with peace?0Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his concern if he comes in peace or not. Alternate translation: “It is not your concern if I have come in peace!” or “It is not for you to know if I have come in peace!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
5369:18a578The messenger has met them, but he is not coming back0The watchman told King Joram that the man he sent out is not coming back with a reply to the king’s question.
5379:19pk6mThen he sent out a second man on horseback, who came to them0Alternate translation: “Then king Joram sent a second messenger riding a horse, who went out to meet Jehu and his army”
5389:19c4ncrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinala second man0Joram had already sent one man. This was the next. Alternate translation: “another man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
5399:19rg7frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat have you to do with peace?0Jehu uses this rhetorical question to tell the messenger that it is none of his concern if he comes in peace or not. See how you translated this question in [2 Kings 9:18](../09/18.md). Alternate translation: “It is not your concern if I have come in peace!” or “It is not for you to know if I have come in peace!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
5409:20dp92rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveFor the way that the chariot is being driven is the way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives0This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Because the driver of the chariot drives the same way that Jehu son of Nimshi drives” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5419:21if9veach in his chariot0Alternate translation: “each in his own chariot”
5429:21tg65They found him at0Alternate translation: “When they reached Jehu, he was at”
5439:21q3cnrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNaboth0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5449:21byn3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJezreelite0This refers to a person from Jezreel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5459:22uds6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat peace is there, when the idolatrous acts of prostitution and witchcraft of your mother Jezebel are so many?0Jehu uses this rhetorical question to state why he is not coming in peace. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “There can be no peace as long as your mother Jezebel practices and promotes so much idolatry in the form of prostitution and witchcraft.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
5469:23nse3turned his chariot and fled0Alternate translation: “turned his chariot around to try to flee”
5479:23nc8ttreachery0trickery or deception
5489:24zn2rwith his full strength0Alternate translation: “with all of his strength” or “with all of his power”
5499:24cdj4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe sank down in his chariot0Joram died from being shot with arrow. Alternate translation: “Joram fell down dead in his chariot” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5509:25w6pdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBidkar0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5519:25ei1xPick him up and throw him0Alternate translation: “Pick up his dead body and throw it” or “Take his corpse and throw it”
5529:25mp87Think about how0Alternate translation: “Remember”
5539:25t4d7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitafter Ahab his father0This means that they rode in the chariot behind Ahab’s chariot. Alternate translation: “behind his father Ahab’s chariot” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5549:25x3uzYahweh placed this prophecy against him0Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this prophecy against Ahab”
5559:26a9njrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI will surely make you pay for it0This means that he will punish Ahab as he deserves for the evil he has done. Alternate translation: “I will give you what you deserve for the evil you have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5569:26p73vpick him up and throw him on this field0Alternate translation: “take Joram’s dead body and throw it into the field of Naboth”
5579:26y67yaccording to the word of Yahweh0Alternate translation: “to fulfill the prophecy spoken to us”
5589:27gu340# General Information:\n\nThis is the account of what happened to Ahaziah, the king of Judah, after Jehu killed Joram.
5599:27z52zsaw this0Alternate translation: “saw what happened to Joram”
5609:27yl6prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBeth Haggan … Gur … Ibleam … Megiddo0These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5619:27z7k2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveat the ascent of Gur0The word “ascent” means that they were going up hill while travelling on the road to Gur. Alternate translation: “on the road leading up to Gur” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5629:28bl6shis fathers0Alternate translation: “his ancestors”
5639:29dnx1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the eleventh year of Joram son of Ahab0This describes the time that Ahaziah began to reign by stating how long the current king of Israel had reigned. Alternate translation: “in the eleventh year that Joram son of Ahab was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5649:29j1herc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinaleleventh year0“11th year” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
5659:30fnb3painted her eyes, arranged her hair0Alternate translation: “put on makeup, made her hair look nice”
5669:31fcb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionAre you coming in peace, you Zimri, your master’s murderer?0Jezebel uses this rhetorical question to accuse Jehu of not coming peacefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are certainly not coming in peace, you Zimri, your master’s murderer!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
5679:31p3chrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou Zimri, your master’s murderer0Here Jezebel calls Jehu “Zimri” to say that he is a murderer. Zimri was a commander of the army of Israel who murdered the king of Israel because he wanted to be king. Alternate translation: “you murdered your master, just like Zimri murdered his master” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5689:31z2verc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZimri0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5699:32pup7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomWho is on my side0To “be on someone’s side” means to be loyal to them and supportive of them. Alternate translation: “Who is loyal to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
5709:33v8nzThrow her down0Jehu was telling the eunuchs to throw Jezebel out of the window.
5719:33fj4yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismSo they threw Jezebel down0The eunuchs threw Jezebel out of the high window and she died when she hit the ground. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
5729:33ip8krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitJehu trampled her underfoot0This means that he drove his horses over her body. Alternate translation: “Jehu’s horses that were pulling his chariot trampled her body under their feet” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5739:34p8vfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomSee now to0The phrase “see now to” means to give your attention to whatever is specified. Alternate translation: “Now go to” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
5749:34dj2xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfor she is a king’s daughter0Since Jezebel was the daughter of a king, it was necessary to bury her properly. Alternate translation: “because she is a king’s daughter and therefore should be buried properly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5759:35v3xkthey found no more of her than0This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “all they found that was left of her body were”
5769:35l1m8the palms of her hands0The palm is the inner part of the hand.
5779:36pqz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe Tishbite0This refers to someone from the city of Tishbe. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5789:37kim4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similethe body of Jezebel will be like dung on the surface of the fields … so that no one will be able to say0This speaks of the pieces of Jezebel’s body being scattered in the field as if they were dung spread in the field. Since the pieces of her body were so small and spread out there was nothing that could be collected and buried. Alternate translation: “the pieces of Jezebel’s body will be scattered like dung in the fields … so that no one will be able to recognize them and say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
5799:37xj6ddung0manure, specifically dung used as a fertilizer
5809:37ayb5so that no one will be able to say, “This is Jezebel.”0Alternate translation: “so that no one will be able to recognize her body.” or “so no one will be able to tell this was Jezebel.”
58110:introabca0# 2 Kings 10 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\nGod’s prophecy against the family of Ahab was fulfilled. Jehu killed all of Ahab’s descendants and all the worshipers of Baal. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]])
58210:1w4rfrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseventy descendants0“70 descendants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
58310:1bud2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJehu wrote letters and sent them to Samaria0This means that Jehu sent a messenger to deliver the letters. Alternate translation: “Jehu wrote letters and sent a messenger to deliver them in Samaria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
58410:3fdt6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyset him on his father’s throne0Here, sitting on the king’s throne means to be appointed as king. Alternate translation: “make him king in his father’s place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
58510:3x59qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochefor your master’s royal line0“your master’s descendants.” Here the man that they selected to be king is referred to as Ahab’s royal line of descendants. Alternate translation: “to defend your master’s descendant” or “to defend him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
58610:4m1vqBut they were terrified0Alternate translation: “Then they were very afraid”
58710:4h24jthe two kings0Alternate translation: “two kings, Joram and Ahaziah”
58810:4lh37could not stand before Jehu0Here “stand” means to be able to endure under trouble. Alternate translation: “could not endure against Jehu” or “could not resist Jehu”
58910:4ymj8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionSo how can we stand?0The descendants use the rhetorical question to imply that they cannot stand against Jehu. Alternate translation: “We cannot stand against him either!” or “We cannot resist him either!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
59010:5imx5the man who was over the city0Here to be “over” something means to have authority and responsibility over it. Alternate translation: “the man who was in charge of the city”
59110:5r52crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthey who raised the children0This refers to the people who raised the king’s children. Alternate translation: “they who raised the king’s children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
59210:5h9q4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorDo what is good in your eyes0Here Jehu’s “eyes” refer to his “sight.” His “sight” refers to what he thinks. Alternate translation: “Do what you judge to be right” or “Do whatever you think is the best” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
59310:6sb9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalwrote a letter the second time to them0Joram had written one letter. This was the next. Alternate translation: “again wrote a letter to them” or “wrote another letter to them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
59410:6c3rgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomon my side0To “be on someone’s side” means to be loyal to them and supportive of them. Alternate translation: “loyal to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
59510:6g3iflisten0to hear and obey
59610:6hjr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyto my voice0Here Jehu’s “voice” refer to what he says. Alternate translation: “to what I say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
59710:6hij4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou must take the heads … and come to me0It is implied that they are to bring the heads of the Ahab’s descendant and present them to Jehu. Alternate translation: “you must take the heads … and bring them to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
59810:6v7idrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismyou must take the heads of the men of your master’s descendants0This refers to killing them and removing their heads. Alternate translation: “kill your master’s descendants and cut off their heads” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
59910:6qps2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseventy in number0“70 in number” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
60010:6xl7yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwho were bringing them up0This means that they were supervising them and teaching them. Alternate translation: “who were raising them” or “who were supervising them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
60110:7by3vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseventy persons0“70 persons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
60210:7dj3krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymysent them to Jehu0This means that they sent people to deliver the baskets to Jehu. Alternate translation: “sent people to take them to Jehu” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
60310:8jl7jof the king’s sons0Alternate translation: “of Ahab’s descendants”
60410:9r1rcJehu went out and stood0Alternate translation: “Jehu went to the city gate and stood before the people”
60510:9k9ncrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitYou are innocent0It can be stated clearly what they were innocent of. This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “You are innocent of what happened to Joram” or (2) this means that they are not held responsible for the deaths of Joram’s family. Alternate translation: “You are innocent of what happened to Joram and his family” or “You are innocent of this matter” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
60610:9dic5See0Jehu uses this word here to draw the peoples’ attention to what he says next. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Hear my words”
60710:9apq9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionbut who killed all these?0Jehu uses a rhetorical question to cause the people to think deeply about the situation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “but the men of Samaria are responsible for killing Ahab’s 70 descendants” or (2) Alternate translation: “but it was Yahweh’s will for these men to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
60810:10tky4certainly realize0Alternate translation: “understand” or “be aware of the fact that”
60910:10qm1arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorno part of Yahweh’s word … will fall to the ground0This speaks of everything happening that Yahweh has said will happen as if it were something that did not die and fall to the ground. Alternate translation: “No part of Yahweh’s word … will fail” or “every part of Yahweh’s word … will happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
61010:10dxa2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahweh has done0This speaks of Yahweh causing Ahab’s descendants to be killed as if he killed them himself. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has caused to happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
61110:11q6ubrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymySo Jehu killed all … and his priests0Jehu did not kill all of these people personally, rather he commanded for them to be killed. Alternate translation: “So Jehu commanded for all … to be killed” or “So Jehu commanded for all … to die” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
61210:11yv9xall who remained0Alternate translation: “all who were alive” or “all who were left”
61310:11m7rbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismuntil none of them remained0This means that they had all been killed. Alternate translation: “until all of them had been killed” or “until all of them were dead” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
61410:12s861rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBeth Eked of the shepherd0This was the name of a place where sheep were sheared. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
61510:13h9iygoing down to greet0Alternate translation: “going to visit”
61610:13w59sthe children of the king0Alternate translation: “the children of King Joram”
61710:14rz36rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomTake them alive0This means to capture them, but not to kill them. Alternate translation: “Seize them” or “Capture them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
61810:14v6f8So they took them alive0Alternate translation: “So they captured them”
61910:14q8s9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty-two men0“42 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
62010:14b7wxHe did not leave any of them alive0This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “He killed all of them”
62110:15hcx6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehonadab son of Recab0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
62210:15fmq7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIs your heart with me, as my heart is with yours? & “It is.”0Here a person’s “heart” refers to their loyality. If a person’s loyalty is “with someone,” it means that they are loyal to that person. Alternate translation: “Will you be loyal to me, as I will be loyal to you? … ‘I will.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
62310:15xmz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionIf it is, give me your hand0“If so, put your hand in mine” or “If so, let us shake hands” In many cultures, when two people shake hands, it confirms their agreement. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
62410:16rl1mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounssee my zeal0The word “zeal” may be expressed as an adjective. Alternate translation: “see how zealous I am” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
62510:17kbl6royal line0Alternate translation: “entire royal family”
62610:17st48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivejust as was told them before by the word of Yahweh, which he had spoken to Elijah0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to fulfill the prophecy that Elijah had spoken, which Yahweh gave to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
62710:18da4qgathered all the people together0Alternate translation: “called all the people and had them come to where he was”
62810:18gl45all the people together0Alternate translation: “all the people of Samaria”
62910:18yq9jserve him much0Alternate translation: “serve him much more than Ahab”
63010:19qw51Let no one be left out0Alternate translation: “Do not leave anyone out”
63110:19r6m8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWhoever does not come will not live0This means that if they do not come they will be executed. Alternate translation: “We will execute anyone who does not come” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
63210:20h3iarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomSet a time0This means to designate and prepare a period of time for something. In this case they were to prepare for an assembly for Baal. Alternate translation: “Prepare” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
63310:21g86vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThen Jehu sent0This means that he sent messengers to take this message throughout the land. Alternate translation: “Then Jehu sent messengers” or “Then Jehu sent the message” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
63410:21sj5trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesso that there was not a man left who did not come0This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that every worshiper of Baal was there” or “so that every man came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
63510:21uy4mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveit was filled0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they filled it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
63610:22d5j3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwho kept the priest’s wardrobe0Here “to keep” something means to care for it and oversee it. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the priest’s wardrobe” or “who cared for the priest’s wardrobe” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
63710:23hbh1he said to the worshipers of Baal0Alternate translation: “Jehu said to the people who were in the temple to worship Baal”
63810:23p3ncbut the worshipers of Baal alone0Alternate translation: “but that only worshipers of Baal are here”
63910:24qp6crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIf any of the men whom I bring into your hands escapes0Here the “hands” of the men refer to their “control.” By being stationed around the temple they were in control of the situation and it was up to them whether people were able to escape or not. Alternate translation: “If any of these men that I brought into your control escapes” or “If any of the men that are inside gets away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
64010:24vh3iwhoever lets that man escape, his life will be taken for the life of the one who escaped0Alternate translation: “we will kill the man who let him escape”
64110:24tel9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehis life will be taken0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. This is a polite way to refer to a person being killed. Alternate translation: “we will take his life” or “we will kill him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
64210:24e792rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfor the life of the one0“in exchange for the life of the man.” Here this man is referred to by his “life” to emphasize that he did not die. Alternate translation: “for the man” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
64310:25qf9lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe said to the guard and to the captains0You may need to state that Jehu came out of the temple before he spoke to the guard. Alternate translation: “he went back outside of the temple of Baal and said to the guards and captains” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
64410:25t2x5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochewith the edge of the sword0The men used swords to kill the worshipers of Baal. This phrase refers to their swords. Alternate translation: “with their swords” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
64510:25pcm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthrew them out0This means that threw the dead bodies of the people out of the temple. Alternate translation: “threw their dead bodies out of the temple” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
64610:27g8xjmade it a latrine0“made it a public toilet” A latrine is a bathroom, or a toilet area, usually for a camp or buildings used to house soldiers.
64710:27zr1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwhich it is to this day0This means that something has remained in a certain condition until the present time. Alternate translation: “and since then it has always been that way” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
64810:29b11brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphordid not leave the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat0This speaks of Jehu committing the same sins that Jeroboam committed, as if Jeroboam’s sins were a place that Jehu did not leave. Alternate translation: “did not stop committing the kinds of sins that Jeroboam son of Nebat had committed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
64910:29yas2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNebat0See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Kings 3:3](../03/03.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
65010:30l9pmin executing0Alternate translation: “in carrying out” or “in accomplishing”
65110:30qe59rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was right in my eyes0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what I judge to be right” or “what I consider to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
65210:30v6lkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe house of Ahab0Here Ahab’s “house” refers to his “family.” Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
65310:30ufu9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyall that was in my heart0Here the “heart” represents “desire.” Alternate translation: “all that I desired for you to do” or “all that I wanted you to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
65410:30t8uarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymysit on the throne0Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: “be the kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
65510:30e1jzrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalto the fourth generation0This refers to his son, grandson, great-grandson, and great-great-grandson. Alternate translation: “to the 4th generation” or “for four more generations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
65610:31t6dtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomJehu took no care to walk in the law of Yahweh0Here “walking” refers to “living.” Alternate translation: “Jehu was not careful to live according to the law of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
65710:31k8mnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymywith all his heart0Here the “heart” refers to a person’s will and desire. Alternate translation: “in everything that he did” or “with all of his will” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
65810:31dsa7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomHe did not turn away from the sins of Jeroboam0To “turn away” from something means to stop doing it. Alternate translation: “Jehu did not stop from sinning in the same ways as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
65910:32v39ibegan to cut off regions from Israel0Alternate translation: “began to cause the territory controlled by Israel to become smaller”
66010:32lup5regions0areas of land
66110:32nr1qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHazael defeated0Here “Hazael” refers to himself and his army. Alternate translation: “Hazael and his army” or “King Hazael’s Aramean army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
66210:32ar6frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazael0See how you translated this king’s name in [2 Kings 8:8](../08/08.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66310:33n3mefrom the Jordan eastward0Alternate translation: “from the land east of the Jordan”
66410:33ef2frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAroer … Bashan0These are all names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66510:33u9imrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe Arnon0“the Arnon River” This is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66610:34dhn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?0This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
66710:35ka9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismJehu slept with his ancestors, and they buried him in Samaria0This means that Jehu died. This speaks of him being buried where his ancestors were buried as if he were sleeping with them. Alternate translation: “Jehu died and they buried him in Samaria, where they had also buried his ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
66810:35g2qirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehoahaz0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66910:36m23hThe time that Jehu reigned over Israel in Samaria was twenty-eight years0Alternate translation: “Jehu reigned over Israel in Samaria for twenty-eight years”
67010:36e9nsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty-eight years0“28 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
67111:introabcb0# 2 Kings 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the beginning of the story of the spiritual revival in Judah under Joash. The people returned to properly worshiping Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Athaliah’s evil actions\nThe mother of the king of Judah, Athaliah, killed all the royal children so that she could rule. She was not able to kill the baby Joash because his aunt hid him in the temple. When Joash was seven years old, the chief priest conspired with the army and made Joash king. They killed Athaliah and destroyed the temple of Baal. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
67211:1q8rurc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAthaliah0This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
67311:1ed43saw that her son was dead0Alternate translation: “became aware that her son was dead”
67411:1vmz8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitshe arose and killed all the royal children0Athaliah did not personally kill the children. Alternate translation: “she commanded her servants to kill all the members of Ahaziah’s family who might become king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
67511:2e2rntook Joash son of Ahaziah, and hid him away from among the king’s sons who were killed, along with his nurse; she put them into a bedroom. They hid him from Athaliah so that he was not killed.0Alternate translation: “took Ahaziah’s very young son Joash and hid him and his nursemaid in a bedroom in the temple. So he was not killed”
67611:2ys17rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehosheba0This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
67711:2b2rwJoash0This is the name of a man.
67811:3x9bcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveHe remained with her six years, hidden in the house of Yahweh, while Athaliah reigned over the land0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Joash and Jehosheba hid him in the house of Yahweh for six years while Athaliah ruled the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
67911:3sm9grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyland0This is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate translation: “people of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
68011:4qlj7Connecting Statement:0# Connecting Statement:\n\nThis continues the story of what happens after Joash, the son of King Azahiah, was hidden in the temple after all King Azahiah’s other descendants were killed.
68111:4lft4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersIn the seventh year0“In the seventh year of Athaliah’s reign” or “In year 7 of Athaliah’s reign” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
68211:4n18crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehoiada0the high priest (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
68311:4f6wirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders of hundreds0The phrases “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. This could mean: (1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or (2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
68411:4pvj6Carites0This is the name of a particular group of the royal guards.
68511:4dar3brought them to himself0“had them come to meet with him.” Jehoiada, the high priest, had these military men report to him at the temple.
68611:4ycq8Then he showed them the king’s son0Jehoiada revealed to them that Joash, King Azahiah’s son, was still alive.
68711:7z17vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfor the king0They were to keep watch for the purpose of protecting the king from harm. Alternate translation: “in order to protect King Joash” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
68811:8jp1kWhoever enters within your ranks0“Anyone who tries to go past you while you are protecting King Joash.” A rank refers to a line of soldiers.
68911:8d88vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivelet him be killed0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must kill him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
69011:8ck5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismYou must stay with the king when he goes out, and when he comes in0These two opposite things are a merism that refers to everything the king does. Alternate translation: “You must stay near the king at all times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
69111:9ry72rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders of hundreds0The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. This could mean: (1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or (2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
69211:9duu3Each one0Alternate translation: “Each commander”
69311:10jsa1were in the house of Yahweh0Alternate translation: “were stored in the temple”
69411:11tzd5from the right side of the temple to the left side, near the altar and the temple0Some versions translate the first two occurrences of “temple” as “palace.” These versions say, “from the right side of the palace to the left side of the palace, near the altar and the temple.”
69511:12bh8mbrought out the king’s son Joash0Jehoiada, the high priest, brought king Ahaziah’s son, Joash, out from the temple apartment where he had been raised in hiding.
69611:12i4yugave him the covenant decrees0Alternate translation: “presented him with the book of the law”
69711:12z9x3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionanointed him0The priest poured olive oil on the head of Joash as a symbol that he was now the king. Alternate translation: “poured some olive oil on Joash’s head” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
69811:12sz23clapped their hands0Clapping their hands was a sign of the happiness of the people at the anointing of the new king.
69911:13xrt9the noise of the guard0This refers to the noise made by all the soldiers.
70011:13c8prshe came to the people in the house of Yahweh0Alternate translation: “she came to where the people had gathered at the temple”
70111:14ty2hShe looked, and, behold, the king was standing0Alternate translation: “When she arrived, she was surprised to see King Joash standing”
70211:14tnu7by the pillar0Alternate translation: “by one of the pillars of the temple”
70311:14le1pas the custom was0Alternate translation: “which was the usual place for the king to stand”
70411:14xwj4the trumpeters0Alternate translation: “the people who played the trumpets”
70511:14kxx4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionAthaliah tore her clothes0She tore her clothes to express that she was very upset and angry. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
70611:14tc82Treason! Treason!0Alternate translation: “You are traitors! You have betrayed me!”
70711:15y8gbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders of hundreds0The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. This could mean: (1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or (2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
70811:15i3h1Bring her out between the ranks0“Take her away between two rows of guards” or “Lead her away with a row of soldiers on each side of her.” Ranks are lines or rows of soldiers.
70911:15f3f3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitAnyone who follows her0It is implied that a person who followed her would be trying to help her. Alternate translation: “Anyone who follows to try to rescue her” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
71011:16x4a6they seized her as she reached the place where the horses enter the palace grounds0Some versions translate this as “the guards seized her and took her to the palace, to the place where horses enter the courtyard.”
71111:17uxx6also between the king and the people0Alternate translation: “also made a covenant between the king and the people”
71211:18qgd8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the people of the land0This is a generalization to show that a large group of people tore down the temple of Baal. Alternate translation: a large number of the people of the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
71311:18tn2kthe house of Baal0Alternate translation: “the temple of Baal”
71411:18qky4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMattan0This is the name of a male priest. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
71511:19u5jn0# General Information:\n\nThey take the new king, Joash, from the temple to the palace.
71611:19u1k5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthe commanders of hundreds0The phrase “commander of hundreds” is probably an official title for a military officer. This could mean: (1) the word “hundreds” represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 100 soldiers” or (2) the word translated as “hundreds” does not represent an exact number, but is the name of a military division. Alternate translation: “the commanders of military divisions” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 11:4](../11/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
71711:19yh95Carites0This is the name of a particular group of the royal guards.
71811:19j4wubrought down the king from the house of Yahweh and they went into the king’s house0Alternate translation: “brought the king from the temple to the palace”
71911:20hz2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the people of the land rejoiced0This is a generalization. It is possible that some did not rejoice. Alternate translation: “many people in the land rejoiced” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
72011:20y27gthe city was quiet0Alternate translation: “the city was calm” or “the city was peaceful”
72111:21pit8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersJoash was seven years old0“Joash was 7 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
72212:introabcc0# 2 Kings 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the end of the story of the revival in Judah under Joash.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Temple\n\nJoash repaired the temple. In many ways, the temple represents the relationship between the people and Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
72312:1ze1frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersIn the seventh year of Jehu0“During year 7 of the reign of Jehu over Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
72412:1d8afthe reign of Joash began0Alternate translation: “Joash began to reign over Judah”
72512:1rhb3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZibiah0This was the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
72612:1j5kpZibiah, of Beersheba0Alternate translation: “Zibiah, from the city of Beersheba”
72712:2ef2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was right in the eyes of Yahweh0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
72812:2zt6jinstructing him0Alternate translation: “teaching him”
72912:3wpe8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveBut the high places were not taken away0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the people did not destroy the high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
73012:3u656rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe people still sacrificed and burned incense on the high places0Yawheh forbid the people to worship at these place. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people continued to go to places that were unacceptable to Yahweh, to make sacrifices and burn incense” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
73112:4spc4the money that is brought in as sacred offerings into the house of Yahweh0This refers to money that people gave to support the temple. This money came in three forms that are described in the rest of the sentence.
73212:6zsi3by the twenty-third year of King Joash0Alternate translation: “when Joash had been king for twenty three years”
73312:7pm11rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy have you not repaired anything in the temple?0Joash asks this question to rebuke the priests. Alternate translation: “You should have been repairing the temple!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
73412:7jj8tgive it to those who can make the repairs0Alternate translation: “pay workers who will do the repairs”
73512:9c517Instead, Jehoiada0Alternate translation: “Instead of the priests collecting the money, Jehoiada”
73612:9zfe8on the right side as one comes into the house of Yahweh0Alternate translation: “on the right side of the entrance to the temple”
73712:9sf7aput into it0Alternate translation: “put into the chest” or “put in the box”
73812:9fa63rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe money that was brought0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the money that people brought” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
73912:10qbt6put the money in bags and then count it0Many versions put this in a more logical order such as “count the money and put it in bags.”
74012:10dcd8put the money in bags0This could mean: (1) “put the money in bags” or (2) “tied up the money in bags” .
74112:10ri1athe money found0Alternate translation: “the money that they found in the chest”
74212:11fj3gweighed out0Alternate translation: “counted”
74312:11uk5grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheinto the hands of men0Here “hands” refers to the men. Alternate translation: “to men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
74412:11ldg6who took care of the temple0Alternate translation: “who repaired the temple”
74512:11stw3carpenters0people who build and repair things made of wood
74612:12ccn6masons0people who build with stone
74712:12l79istonecutters0people who cut stones into the correct size and shape
74812:12nj3xfor buying timber and cutting stone0Alternate translation: “to buy wood and to cut stone”
74912:12azk6for all that was needed to be paid to repair it0Alternate translation: “to pay for all of the needed repairs”
75012:13v3c8did not pay to make for it any0Alternate translation: “was not spent to pay for any of the temple’s”
75112:13al8wsilver cups, lamp trimmers, basins, trumpets, or any gold or silver furnishing0These are items that would have been used by the priests for various temple tasks, such as sacrifices or festivals.
75212:15yl27rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey did not require the money paid for repairs to be accounted for by the men who received it and paid it to the workmen0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they did not require the men who received the money and paid the workmen for the repairs to account for the money” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
75312:15d5vzto be accounted for0to keep a record of how much money was received and spent
75412:16frz5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe money for the guilt offerings and the money for the sin offerings was not brought into the temple of Yahweh0It is implied that this money was not used for the repairs. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they did not use the money from the guilt offerings and the sin offerings to pay for the repairs to the temple of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
75512:17lxs4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHazael king of Aram attacked … Hazael then turned to attack0This refers to Hazael’s army as well as to Hazael. Alternate translation: “Hazael king of Aram and his army attacked … Then they turned to attack” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
75612:17h8n3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazael0This is the name of the king of the country of Syria. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
75712:17l227took it0Alternate translation: “defeated and took control of it”
75812:18jt6erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorJehoshaphat and Jehoram and Ahaziah, his fathers0These men were previous kings of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
75912:18g6quset apart0Alternate translation: “dedicated”
76012:18uqk6the gold that was found in the storerooms0Alternate translation: “the gold that was stored in the storerooms”
76112:18yc4iThen Hazael went away from Jerusalem0The gifts Joash gave Hazael convinced him not to attack Jerusalem. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “So Hazael stopped attacking Jerusalem and left”
76212:19vzj6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?0This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
76312:20bpc3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSilla0The location of this place is unknown. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
76412:21a67irc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJozabad … Shimeath … Jehozabad … Shomer … Amaziah0These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
76512:21c8xhwith his ancestors0Alternate translation: “in the place where his ancestors were buried”
76612:21jic7became king in his place0Alternate translation: “became the next king of Judah”
76713:introabcd0# 2 Kings 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis is the last chapter about Elisha.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Elisha’s death\nThe king of Israel is upset when Elisha is dying. Elisha assures him that he will have three victories over Aram.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe king compares the protection that Elisha had given Israel to “The chariot of Israel and the horsemen.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
76813:1x3b7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersIn the twenty-third year of Joash son of Ahaziah king of Judah0“After Joash had been ruling Judah for almost 23 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
76913:1k11vreign over Israel in Samaria0Alternate translation: “rule over the kingdom of Israel located in Samaria”
77013:1sr5whe reigned seventeen years0Alternate translation: “Jehoahaz was king for 17 years”
77113:2a5vprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
77213:2dmd4followed the sins of Jeroboam0Alternate translation: “did the same sins as Jeroboam”
77313:2r613rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorJehoahaz did not turn away from them0Here stopping his sin is spoken of as if he turned away from them. This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Jehoahaz did not stop doing the sins of Jeroboam” or “Jehoahaz continued to do the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
77413:3sii1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe anger of Yahweh burned against Israel0Yahweh becoming angry with Israel is spoken of as if his anger was a fire that burned. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh became very angry with Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
77513:3u4tprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymygave them continually into the hand of Hazael king of Aram and into the hand of Ben Hadad son of Hazael0Here “them” refers to Israel and “hand” refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: “allowed Hazael the king of Aram, and Ben Hadad, his son, to repeatedly defeat the Israelites in battle” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
77613:4hcy2implored Yahweh0Alternate translation: “prayed to Yahweh”
77713:4gh67rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsרָאָה֙ אֶת־לַ֣חַץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּֽי־לָחַ֥ץ אֹתָ֖⁠ם מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָֽם1You could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “the king of Aram was oppressing them.” Alternate translation: “he saw how severely the king of Aram was oppressing Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
77813:5n7zwa rescuer0Alternate translation: “someone to rescue them”
77913:5lp9prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythey escaped from the hand of the Arameans0Here “hand” refers to the power to control them. Alternate translation: “he enabled them to be free from Aram’s power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
78013:6jts3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthey did not depart from the sins of the house of Jeroboam0To stop sinning is spoken of as if they departed from the sins. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Israel did not stop doing the same sins as Jeroboam had done” or “Israel continued to commit the same sins as Jeroboam had committed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
78113:6yu8jhouse of Jeroboam0Alternate translation: “the family of Jeroboam”
78213:7y28lhad destroyed them0Alternate translation: “had defeated the army of Jehoahaz”
78313:7rn9hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-similemade them like the chaff at threshing time0The Aramean army had so severely defeated the army of Israel that what remained was so worthless that it is compared to wheat chaff that the laborers walk on at harvest time. Alternate translation: “had crushed them as workers crush chaff under their feet at harvest time” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
78413:8pi49rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?0This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
78513:9kb13rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismslept with his ancestors0This is a polite way of saying that he died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
78613:10dwi8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersIn the thirty-seventh year of Joash king of Judah0“After Joash had ruled Judah for almost 37 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
78713:10j1vythe reign of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz began over Israel in Samaria0Alternate translation: “Jehoash son of Jehoahaz began to rule over Israel in Samaria”
78813:10l84rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehoash0This was a king of Israel who was the son of Jehoahaz. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
78913:11sa6krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did what was evil in the sight of Yahweh0Here “sight” represents God’s thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “He did things that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
79013:11ird8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did not leave behind any of the sins of Jeroboam0To stop sinning is spoken of as if he left behind the sins. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Jehoash did not stop committing the same sins as Jeroboam” or “Jehoash kept committing the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
79113:11gt2bby which he had made Israel to sin0Alternate translation: “by which Jeroboam had caused Israel to sin”
79213:11jsm8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbut he walked in them0To sin is spoken of as if he was walking along a sinful path. Alternate translation: “but Jehoash continued to do these same sins” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
79313:12h7ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhis might by which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah0Here the strength of Jehoash’s army is spoken of as Jehoash’s “might.” Alternate translation: “the power that his army showed when they fought against the army of Amaziah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
79413:12u7z4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?0This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
79513:13q8g6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismJehoash slept with his ancestors0This a polite way to say that Jehoash died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
79613:13il21rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJeroboam sat on his throne0Here “sat on his throne” refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam became king after him” or “Jeroboam began to rule after him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
79713:14jr12wept over him0Alternate translation: “wept because Elisha was sick”
79813:14h3daMy father, my father0Elisha was not the king’s literal father. King Joash used this term as a sign of respect.
79913:14r8bvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe chariots of Israel and the horsemen are taking you away0This is a reference to Elijah going to heaven in [2 Kings 2:11](../02/11.md) and [2 Kings 2:12](../02/12.md). Joash uses this phrase to say that Elisha was going to die. Alternate translation: “the chariots of Israel and the horsemen are taking you to heaven” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
80013:14tj6krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe horsemen0This refers to the men who drove the chariots. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the drivers of the chariots” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
80113:17b7d1Open the window eastward0Alternate translation: “open the window that faces east” or “open that window towards the east”
80213:17dd2brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitso he opened it0Since this happens after Joash takes the bow and arrows, he may have had a servant open the window. Alternate translation: “So a servant opened it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
80313:17wid3he shot0Alternate translation: “Joash shot the arrow”
80413:17lul1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThis is Yahweh’s arrow of victory, the arrow of victory over Aram0The relationship between the arrow and victory can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “This arrow is a sign from Yahweh that he will give you victory over Aram” or “This arrow symbolizes the victory Yahweh will give you over Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
80513:17gh9yrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAphek0This was a city in the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
80613:19zg7eBut the man of God was angry with him0Alternate translation: “But Elisha was angry with King Joash”
80713:19it9vuntil you annihilated it0Alternate translation: “until you completely destroyed it” or “until they were completely wiped out”
80813:20jpb8rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundNow0This word marks a break in the main story line. This new section gives background information for the part of the story that follows. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
80913:20eqh3at the beginning of the year0Alternate translation: “each year during spring”
81013:21kn7hAs they were burying a certain man0Alternate translation: “As some Israelites were burying a man’s body”
81113:21c2yjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthey saw a group of Moabites0It can be made explicit that they were afraid of the Moabites. Alternate translation: “they saw a group of Moabite raiders coming toward them and they were afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
81213:21bnq2Elisha’s grave0Alternate translation: “the grave where Elisha was buried”
81313:21u91lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitAs soon as the man touched Elisha’s bones0Here “the man” refers to his dead body. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “As soon as the dead man’s body touched the bones of Elisha” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
81413:21xm7ehe revived and stood up on his feet0Alternate translation: “the dead man came back to life and stood up”
81513:23xdv2But Yahweh was gracious to Israel, and had compassion on them and concern for them0It may be helpful to divide this sentence into shorter parts. Alternate translation: “But Yahweh was very kind to the Israelite people. He helped them”
81613:23rh9erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitSo Yahweh did not destroy them0Yahweh’s covenant is the reason he did not destroy Israel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “This is the reason that Yahweh did not destroy them” or “Because of his covenant, Yahweh did not destroy them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
81713:23w4jqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhas not driven them away from his presence0Yahweh’s rejection is spoken of as if he had physically driven Israel away from where he was. Alternate translation: “has not rejected them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
81813:24pn16rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHazael … Ben Hadad0These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
81913:24z9i4became king in his place0Alternate translation: “became king after him”
82013:25kwm4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehoash … Jehoahaz0These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
82113:25zz2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheJehoash attacked him three times0Here “Jehoash” and “him” refer to the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “Jehoash’s army attacked Ben Hadad’s army three times” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
82213:25v9pkhe recovered those cities of Israel0Alternate translation: “Jehoash took back control of the Israelite cities that Ben Hadad had captured”
82314:introabce0# 2 Kings 14 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe text begins to alternate between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah again.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Pride\n\nPride in one’s success can make a person attempt and fail at something else. Amaziah defeated Edom so he wanted to fight Israel. But Israel defeated him and thoroughly humiliated him.
82414:1bnk5In the second year of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel0Alternate translation: “When Jehoash son of Jehoahaz had been king of Israel for almost two years”
82514:1nnl6Amaziah son of Joash, king of Judah, began to reign0Alternate translation: “Amaziah son of Joash, became the king of Judah”
82614:2s314rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersHe was twenty-five years old when he began to reign0“He was 25 years old when he became king” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
82714:2qq8drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbershe reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem0“he was the king in Jerusalem for 29 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
82814:2bez2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJehoaddan0(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
82914:3s1dnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh, yet not like David his father0Here “the eyes of Yahweh” refers to his sight, and his sight refers to his judgment. Alternate translation: “Amaziah did many things that pleased Yahweh, but he did not do as many things that pleased Yahweh as King David had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
83014:3u7ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe did everything that Joash, his father, had done0Joash obeyed Yahweh and did good things. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He did the same good things that his father Joash had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83114:4uy97rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveBut the high places were not taken away0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The high places were used for pagan worship. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But he did not remove the high places” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
83214:4jkh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitsacrificed and burned incense at the high places0The high places were used for pagan worship. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sacrificed and burned incense to pagan gods at the high places”(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83314:5l8qkrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-neweventIt came about0This is used to introduce a new event. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
83414:5d25brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveas soon as his rule was well established0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as soon as Amaziah securely established his royal rule and kingly authority” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
83514:5cd1jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe killed the servants0Amaziah probably ordered other people to kill the officials. Alternate translation: “he made his servants execute the officials” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83614:6nq560# General Information:\n\nThe narrator tells about what king Amaziah did after his father King Joash was murdered.
83714:6f6e7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheYet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death0King Amaziah did not order his servants to kill the children of the men who killed his father. If he was going to have them executed though, he would have commanded his servants do it, he would not have done it himself. Alternate translation: “But he did not tell his servants to execute those officials’ children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
83814:6xz2erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThe fathers must not be put to death for their children, neither must the children be put to death for their parents0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People must not kill the fathers for the sins of their children, and they must not kill the children for the sins of their parents” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
83914:6i2xxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveevery person must be put to death for his own sin0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “every person must die for his own sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
84014:7s7bxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHe killed0Here “He” refers to his army. Alternate translation: “Amaziah’s army killed” or “Amaziah’s soldiers killed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
84114:7ivl5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersten thousand soldiers0“10,000 soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
84214:7th9aValley of Salt0This is the name of a place that is located south of the Dead Sea.
84314:7p37crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochehe also took Sela in war0Here the word “he” refers to King amaziah and represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “King Amaziah’s army captured the city of Sela” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
84414:7n6i2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSela … Joktheel0They renamed the city of Sela. The new name was Joktheel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
84514:8wa4frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheThen Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash son of Jehoahaz son of Jehu king of Israel, saying, “Come, let us meet each other face to face in battle.”0Here “each other” also included their armies. Alternate translation: “Then Amaziah sent messengers to King Jehoash of Israel, saying, ‘Come here and let us and our armies fight each other in battle.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
84614:9c44nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorA thistle that was in Lebanon … trampled down the thistle0This is a word picture and a riddle. A cedar tree is great and a thistle is small and worthless. Jehoash compares himself to the cedar and Amaziah to the thistle and warns Amaziah not to attack. If you have a similar comparison in your own language, you can use it. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
84714:9m2gethistle0type of bush with thorns
84814:9thw3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotationssaying, ‘Give your daughter to my son for a wife,’0This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “asking the cedar to give his daughter to the thistle’s son for a wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
84914:10uh7lYou have indeed attacked Edom0This is the warning part of Jehoash’s message to Amaziah. “Amaziah, you have definitely defeated Edom”
85014:10y8jcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomyour heart has lifted you up0This is an idiom that refers to being proud. Alternate translation: “you are very proud of what you have done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
85114:10t29yTake pride in your victory0Alternate translation: “Be content with your victory”
85214:10ik12rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionfor why should you cause yourself trouble and fall0Jehoash uses this question to warn Amaziah not to attack him. Alternate translation: “for you should not cause trouble for yourself and suffer defeat” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
85314:11tc12rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyBut Amaziah would not listen0Here “listen” refers to obeying the warning. Alternate translation: “However, Amaziah would not obey Jehoash’s warning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
85414:11dxk2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheSo Jehoash king of Israel attacked … Amaziah king of Judah met each other0The armies of these kings went to battle with them. Alternate translation: “So Jehoash and his army went to fight Amaziah and his army and they met each other” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
85514:11tea6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBeth Shemesh0This is a town in Judah near the border of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
85614:12iqd2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveJudah was defeated by Israel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel defeated Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
85714:12s7x5every man fled home0Alternate translation: “all the men in the army of Judah ran home”
85814:13pau50# General Information:\n\nThis is what happened after the army of Israel defeated the army of Judah at Beth Shemesh.
85914:13r9xlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHe came0Here “He” refers to Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “Jehoash and his army came … Jehoash’s soldiers took” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
86014:13y4k8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEphraim Gate … Corner Gate0There are the names of gates in the wall of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
86114:13vqd2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfour hundred cubits0“about 180 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
86214:13b9asrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistancecubits0A cubit was about 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
86314:14phn9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHe took0Here “He” refers to Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “Jehoash and his army came … Jehoash’s soldiers took” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
86414:14x427rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitwith hostages also, and returned to Samaria0This implies that Jehoash needed to take these hostages to prevent Amaziah from attacking again. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and they also took to Samaria some prisoners to make sure that Amaziah would cause them no more trouble” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
86514:15t4dyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?0This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
86614:16vt46rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismThen Jehoash slept with his ancestors0This is a polite way to say that he died. Alternate translation: “Then Jehoash died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
86714:16adn8became king in his place0Alternate translation: “became king after him”
86814:18xq4qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?0This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
86914:19y5ycThey made a conspiracy against Amaziah in Jerusalem0A conspiracy is a secret plan to do harm to someone or something. Alternate translation: “Some people in Jerusalem plotted against Amaziah”
87014:19is8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLachish0This is a city in southwestern Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
87114:19mf5gbut they sent men after him to Lachish0The men who made the conspiracy sent other men to follow Amaziah to Lachish.
87214:20gt9h0# General Information:\n\nThis is what happened after the death of King Amaziah.
87314:20z4r2They brought him back on horses0Alternate translation: “They brought Amaziah’s body back on horses”
87414:21rm6arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleAll the people of Judah took Azariah, who was sixteen years old, and made him king in place of his father Amaziah0This is a generalization. Some people may not have wanted him to be king. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah took the 16 year-old Azariah and made him king after his father, Amaziah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
87514:21rt3hAzariah0This king is better known today by the name “Uzziah.”
87614:22f5zbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheIt was Azariah who rebuilt Elath0Azariah did not do this alone. Alternate translation: “It was Azariah who ordered Elath to be rebuilt” or “It was Azariah who supervised the rebuilding of Elath” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
87714:22j6inrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesElath0a city in Judah (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
87814:22p27qrestored it to Judah0Alternate translation: “returned it to Judah”
87914:22q5ykrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismslept with his ancestors0This is a poetic way to say he died. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
88014:23mn4e0# General Information:\n\nThis describes what King Uzziah did after he became king.
88114:23yl7krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersIn the fifteenth year of Amaziah0“In year 15 of Amaziah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
88214:23b29prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersforty-one years0“41 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
88314:24w3y6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorevil in the sight of Yahweh0Here “sight” is a metaphor for judging or considering. Alternate translation: “evil according to Yahweh” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
88414:24ic6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did not depart from any of the sins of Jeroboam0To stop sinning is spoken of as leaving a path. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “He did not stop committing the same sins as Jeroboam” or “He continued to commit the same sins as Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
88514:25n18grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe restored the border0This means his army restored the land up to the border. Alternate translation: “His soldiers conquered again some of the territory that had previously belonged to Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
88614:25i4vsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLebo Hamath0This city was also called Hamath. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
88714:25k2ltthe Sea of the Arabah0Alternate translation: “the Dead Sea”
88814:26fux4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorit was very bitter0Suffering that was difficult is spoken of as if it had a bitter taste. Alternate translation: “it was very difficult” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
88914:26p9i4there was no rescuer for Israel0Alternate translation: “there was no one who could rescue Israel”
89014:27lz2irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorblot out0To completely destroy Israel is spoken of as if Yahweh wiped them away with a cloth. Alternate translation: “completely destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
89114:27v5n5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe name of Israel0Here “the name of Israel” represents all of Israel and its inhabitants. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
89214:27b5t9under heaven0Alternate translation: “on earth”
89314:27tjk3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash0Here “hand” is a metonym for power. Also, “Jehoash” is a synecdoche representing Jehoash and his army. Alternate translation: “he enabled King Jeroboam and his army to rescue them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
89414:28ka1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?0This question is used to remind the reader that the acts of Jehoahaz are recorded in another book. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
89514:29eq5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismJeroboam slept with his ancestors, with the kings of Israel0This is a polite way to say that he died and was buried. Alternate translation: “Jeroboam died, and was buried where the other kings of Israel were buried” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
89615:introabcf0# 2 Kings 15 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Israel’s evil\nIsrael assassinated one king after another. The Assyrians began attacking Israel. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
89715:1e5x2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam0It can be stated clearly that this is the twenty-seventh year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 27 of the reign of Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
89815:1kyq4Azariah0This king is better known today by the name “Uzziah.”
89915:2ric2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJekoliah0This is the name of Azariah’s mother. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
90015:3dct6He did what was right0Alternate translation: “Azariah did what was right”
90115:3tc2qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was right in the eyes of Yahweh0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
90215:4v4ckrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe high places were not taken away0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one took away the high places” or “Azariah did not have anyone take the high places away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
90315:4kum4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwere not taken away0Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: “were not destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
90415:5a3rsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsto the day of his death0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “die.” Alternate translation: “until the day he died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
90515:5gk1iJotham, the king’s son, was over the household0The word “household” refers to the people living in the king’s palace. Because Azariah was a leper, he had to live in a separate house. So his son, Jotham, took charge over the palace.
90615:5pz41rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwas over the household0Being over the household represents having authority over those in it. Alternate translation: “was in charge of the household” or “had authority over those in Azariah’s palace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
90715:6i6ewrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Judah?0This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Azariah is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written … Judah.” or “you can read about them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
90815:7h3exrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorAzariah slept with his ancestors0Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Azariah died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Azariah died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
90915:7cv1fthey buried him with his ancestors0Alternate translation: “his family buried him where his ancestors had been buried”
91015:7xj9rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Azariah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
91115:8n87brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the thirty-eighth year of Azariah king of Judah0It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-eighth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 38 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
91215:8ndd5Zechariah son of Jeroboam0This Jeroboam was the second king of Israel that had that name. He was the son of King Jehoash.
91315:8rx4xreigned over Israel in Samaria for six months0Samaria is the city that Zechariah lived in when he was king of Israel. Alternate translation: “lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for six months”
91415:9chp9He did what was evil0Alternate translation: “Zechariah did what was evil”
91515:9z35lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
91615:9s24jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat0Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
91715:9tf55Jeroboam son of Nebat0This Jeroboam was the first king of the ten northern tribes that made up the kingdom of Israel.
91815:9jf9jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymywho had caused Israel to sin0Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “who had caused the people of Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
91915:10p3dbrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShallum … Jabesh0These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
92015:10e54lagainst Zechariah0Alternate translation: “against King Zechariah”
92115:10zj8zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesIbleam0This was the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
92215:10xu2jThen he became king in his place0Alternate translation: “Then Shallum became king in Zechariah’s place”
92315:11rh7hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
92415:12e1b4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThis was the word of Yahweh0It can be stated clearly that the events described in verse 10 fulfilled the word of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “What happened to Zechariah was according to the word of Yahweh” or “What happened to Zechariah fulfilled the word of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
92515:12x3smrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyYour descendants will sit on the throne of Israel to the fourth generation0Sitting on the throne represents being the king. Alternate translation: “Your descendants will be the kings of Israel for four generations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
92615:13z5dbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah0It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-ninth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “in year 39 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
92715:13jep2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShallum … Jabesh0These are the names of two men. See how you translated these names in [2 Kings 15:10](../15/10.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
92815:13wql8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe reigned only one month in Samaria0Samaria is the city that he lived in when was king of Israel. Alternate translation: “Shallum lived in Samaria and reigned over Israel for only one month” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
92915:14y7egrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMenahem … Gadi0These are the names of two men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
93015:14tv6urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Shallum” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
93115:15t6xdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe conspiracy that he formed0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **conspiracy**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “plan.” It can be stated clearly what this conspiracy was. Alternate translation: “how he planned to murder King Zechariah” or “and how he murdered King Zechariah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
93215:15nd96rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
93315:16pmb9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesTiphsah0This is the name of a city. Some versions have “Tappuah,” which is the name of another city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
93415:17wu8nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah0It can be stated clearly that this is the thirty-ninth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 39 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
93515:18pk5arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
93615:18xfk1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsFor his whole life0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **life**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “live.” Alternate translation: “The whole time that he lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
93715:18y9u5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat0Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
93815:18pj1mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymywho had caused Israel to sin0Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “who had caused the people of Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
93915:19r6vcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochePul the king of Assyria came against the land0The phrase “Pul the king of Assyria” represents Pul and his army. Alternate translation: “Pul the king of Assyria came with his army against the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
94015:19s53rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPul the king of Assyria0Pul is the name of a man who was king of Assyria. He was also named Tiglath-Pileser. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
94115:19wap9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomcame against the land0The phrase “came against” is an idiom meaning to attack. “The land” refers to the land of Israel and represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “came with his army to attack the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
94215:19s8m5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersone thousand talents of silver0“1,000 talents of silver.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “thirty-three thousand kilograms of silver” or “thirty-three metric tons of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
94315:19ft85rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsso that Pul’s support might be with him0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **support**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “support.” Alternate translation: “so that Pul might support him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
94415:19wx2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorto strengthen the kingdom of Israel in his hand0Having the kingdom in his hand represents ruling the kingdom. Alternate translation: “to strengthen his rule over the kingdom of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
94515:20nd7gexacted this money from Israel0Alternate translation: “took this money from Israel”
94615:20b1hvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneyfifty shekels of silver0You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six hundred grams of silver” or “three-fifths of a kilogram of silver” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
94715:20qz7qdid not stay there in the land0Alternate translation: “did not stay there in Israel”
94815:21w6zxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Israel?0This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Menahem is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 1:18](../01/18.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
94915:22a3i4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorMenahem slept with his ancestors0Sleeping represents dying. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 10:35](../10/35.md). Alternate translation: “Menahem died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Menahem died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
95015:22l6twrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPekahiah0This a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
95115:22axh7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Menahem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
95215:23c1p9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah0It can be stated clearly that this is the fiftieth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 50 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
95315:23w1ferc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPekahiah0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
95415:24yt2src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
95515:24n1vtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did not leave behind the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat0Leaving behind sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Pekahiah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
95615:24v24hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe had caused Israel to sin0Here the word “Israel” represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
95715:25iu97rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPekah … Remaliah0These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
95815:25f5xzconspired against him0Alternate translation: “secretly planned to kill Pekahiah”
95915:25b6ddrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifty men0“50 men” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
96015:25l8eirc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesArgob … Arieh0These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
96115:25lc6kthe citadel of the king’s palace0Alternate translation: “the fortified part of the king’s palace” or “the safe place in the king’s palace”
96215:25qu35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Pekahiah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
96315:26yea7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
96415:27hh72rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the fifty-second year of Azariah king of Judah0It can be stated clearly that this is the fifty-second year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 52 of the reign of Azariah king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
96515:28f2fsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
96615:28wpl3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did not depart from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat0Departing from sins represents refusing to do those sins. Alternate translation: “Zechariah did not refuse to commit the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat” or “He sinned as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
96715:29q5s8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the days of Pekah king of Israel0It can be stated clearly that this refers to the time of Pekah’s reign. Alternate translation: “In the days of the reign of Pekah king of Israel” or “During the time that Pekah was king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
96815:29wj1urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesTiglath-Pileser0In [2 Kings 15:19](../15/19.md) this man was called “Pul.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
96915:29fgz6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesIjon … Abel Beth Maacah … Janoah … Kedesh … Hazor … Gilead … Galilee … Naphtali0These are the names of cities or regions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
97015:29c6csrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheHe carried away the people to Assyria0Here “He” refers to Tiglath-Pileser and represents him and his army. Carrying the people to Assyria represents forcing them to go to Assyria. Alternate translation: “He and his army forced the people to go to Assyria (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
97115:29d5larc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe people0It can be stated clearly which people these are. Alternate translation: “the people of those places” or “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
97215:30v22arc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHoshea … Elah0These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
97315:30k3bfa conspiracy0A conspiracy is a secret plan by a group to do harm to someone or something.
97415:30q13kHe attacked him and killed him0Alternate translation: “Hoshea attacked Pekah and killed him”
97515:30d345rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Pekah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
97615:30h8uxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitin the twentieth year of Jotham son of Uzziah0It can be stated clearly that this is the twentieth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 20 of the reign of Jotham son of Uzziah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
97715:31e8hzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethey are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
97815:32l454rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the second year of Pekah son of Remaliah, king of Israel0It can be stated clearly that this is the second year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 2 of the reign of Pekah son of Remaliah, king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
97915:32aht7Jotham son of Azariah, king of Judah began to reign0Alternate translation: “Jotham son of Azariah, king of Judah became king of Judah”
98015:33w1agrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersHe was twenty-five years old … sixteen years0“He was 25 years old … 16 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
98115:33xz2xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJerushah0This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
98215:34r4girc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was right in the eyes of Yahweh0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
98315:35nad3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe high places were not taken away0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one took away the high places” or “Jotham did not have anyone take the high places away” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
98415:35y74drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwere not taken away0Being taken away represents being destroyed. Alternate translation: “were not destroyed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
98515:35mws8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJotham built the upper gate0“Jotham built” represents Jotham making his workers build it. Alternate translation: “Jotham had his workers build the upper gate” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
98615:36h17brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Judah?0This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Jotham is in this other book. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
98715:37ct5wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn those days0This refers to a time period. What time period this refers to can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “During that time” or “While Jotham was king of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
98815:37w42krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRezin0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
98915:37sx2erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPekah … Remaliah0These are men’s names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
99015:38nar5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorJotham slept with his ancestors0Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Jotham died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Jotham died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
99115:38qj1brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Jotham” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
99216:introabcg0# 2 Kings 16 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Ahaz\n\nAhaz was a wicked king. Israel and Aram united to fight against him, so he paid the Assyrian king to attack Aram. Assyria defeated the people of Aram and took them into captivity. The people were to trust in Yahweh and not rely on military alliances with other Gentile nations. This showed a lack of trust in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
99316:1x9n9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn the seventeenth year of Pekah son of Remaliah0It can be stated clearly that this is the seventeenth year of his reign. Alternate translation: “In year 17 of the reign of Pekah son of Remaliah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
99416:1ja6frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPekah … Remaliah0These are men’s names. Pekah was the king of Israel. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:25](../15/25.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
99516:2rm3irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was right in the eyes of Yahweh his God0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what was right in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh his God considers to be right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
99616:2f9plas David his ancestor had done0David had done what is right.
99716:3a1c2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe walked in the way of the kings of Israel0Walking represents behavior and actions. Alternate translation: “King Ahaz acted the same way that the kings of Israel had acted” or “he did the things that the kings of Israel had done” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
99816:3i9tdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorfollowing the detestable practices of the nations0Here “following” represents doing what others do. Alternate translation: “copying the disgusting things that the other nations did, the nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
99916:3k9uvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe nations0The word “nations” represents the people of other nations. Here it refers to the people of the nations who had lived in that land. Alternate translation: “the people of other nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
100016:3ad1qwhich Yahweh had driven out0Alternate translation: “Drive out” means “force out.” Alternate translation: “which Yahweh had forced to leave”
100116:3q89drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbefore the people of Israel0The people of those nations fled as the people of Israel moved into the land. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “before the people of Israel who moved into the land” or “as the people of Israel moved into the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
100216:4nl1pthe high places, on the hilltops, and under every green tree0These are places where the people of the other nations worshiped their false gods.
100316:4zjl2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleunder every green tree0God wanted his people to offer sacrifices to him in Jerusalem. The word “every” here is an exaggeration to show how determined King Ahaz was to disobey God by offering sacrifices in many other places instead. Alternate translation: “under many green trees” or “under many green trees around the country” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
100416:5u3tsrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRezin … Pekah … Remaliah0These are men’s names. See how you translated them in [2 Kings 15:37](../15/37.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
100516:5hx16rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochebesieged Ahaz0Ahaz was in Jerusalem. Here “Ahaz” represents himself and the people who were in Jerusalem with him. Alternate translation: “surrounded the city with Ahaz in it” or “surrounded Ahaz and the others in the city with him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
100616:6ew5krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyrecovered Elath for Aram0Here “Aram” represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “took back control of the city of Elath for the people of Aram” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
100716:6axm2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesElath0This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [2 Kings 14:22](../14/22.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
100816:6g7gxdrove the men of Judah out of Elath0Alternate translation: “forced the men of Judah to leave Elath”
100916:6gm8cto this day0This means to the time of the writing of this book.
101016:7x3byrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesTiglath-Pileser0In [2 Kings 15:19](../15/19.md) this man was called “Pul.” See how you translated his name in [2 Kings 15:29](../15/29.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
101116:7h92arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI am your servant and your son0Being a servant and a son represents submitting to someone’s authority. Alternate translation: “I will obey you as if I were your servant or your son” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
101216:7f7jsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom the hand of the king of Aram and from the hand of the king of Israel0The hand is a metonym that represents power. Alternate translation: “from the power of the king of Aram and from the power of the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
101316:7dh2hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochewho have attacked me0The kings attacking Ahaz represent the armies of those kings attacking Ahaz and his people. Alternate translation: “who have attacked me with their armies” or “whose armies have attacked me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
101416:9u25grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe king of Assyria went up against Damascus0The word “king” represents the king and his army. Also, Damascus represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the king of Assyria and his army attacked the people of Damascus” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
101516:9zd43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorcarried off its people as prisoners to Kir0Carrying off the people represents forcing them to go away. Alternate translation: “made the people his prisoners and forced them to go to Kir” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
101616:9dr4drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKir0This could mean: (1) this is the name of a city or (2) this word means “city” and refers to the capital city of Assyria. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
101716:10l6c6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethe design for all the workmanship needed0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the instructions that the workers needed in order to build it” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
101816:13jf6b0# General Information:\n\nThis is what King Ahaz did after he returned from Damascus and visited the new altar which Uriah the priest had built for him.
101916:13w1tkHe made his burnt offering0Alternate translation: “King Ahaz made his burnt offering”
102016:13rn3yon the altar0This refers to the altar that King Ahaz told Uriah to build.
102116:14g4cdfrom the front of the temple … from between his altar and the temple of Yahweh0Both of these phrases tell where the bronze altar was. They refer to the same place.
102216:15v2xmthe large altar0This refers to the new altar that Ahaz told Uriah to build.
102316:15cj8mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personthe king’s burnt offering and his grain offering0When Ahaz said “the king” and “his,” he was referring to himself. The king treated his offerings as special. Alternate translation: “my burnt offering and my grain offering” or “the royal burnt offering and royal grain offering” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
102416:17y1g1the portable stands0“the movable stands” or “the carts.” These stands had wheels on them so they could be moved around.
102516:17p7hvhe also took down the sea0“he also removed the large bowl.” The “sea” was a huge basin or water bowl that was made of bronze.
102616:18h1v3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitbecause of the king of Assyria0Why they did this can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “to please the king of Assyria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
102716:19wqa8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written … Judah?0This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Ahaz is in this other book. This can also be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in The Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah.” or “someone has written about them in The Book … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
102816:20c5rkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorAhaz slept with his ancestors0Sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Ahaz died as his ancestors had” or “like his ancestors, Ahaz died” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
102916:20wbc9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewas buried with his ancestors0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
103016:20y1p2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbecame king in his place0The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Ahaz” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
103117:introabch0# 2 Kings 17 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter ends the story about the kingdom of Israel and continues with Judah alone.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Idol worship\n\nIsrael continued to worship idols, so God punished them by allowing Assyria to conquer them and take them away. Assyria brought people from other lands and settled them in what used to be Israel’s territory and the new people worshiped their own gods in addition to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
103217:1jz6kHoshea son of Elah0Hoshea became the king of the northern kingdom of Israel.
103317:1b3farc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesElah0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
103417:1y37grc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHe ruled in Samaria0Samaria was the capital city of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
103517:2l76grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorevil in the sight of Yahweh0He did not obey Yahweh’s laws as given to Moses. “In the sight of” is metaphor for judgment or opinion. Alternate translation: “evil to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
103617:3rsa4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShalmaneser0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
103717:3c29vHoshea became his servant and brought him tribute0Hoshea did as the King of Assyria commanded and brought money to him so that the King would not destroy Israel.
103817:4zb5frc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSo0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
103917:4c7zryear by year0Alternate translation: “every year”
104017:4z8agshut him up and bound him in prison0Alternate translation: “put Hoshea in prison”
104117:5de7dbesieged it0put troops around the city in order to force it to surrender
104217:6ue2erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymycarried Israel away to Assyria0The name “Israel” is metonymy for the people living there. Alternate translation: “took the Israelite people to Assyria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
104317:6j5lrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHalah … Habor River … Gozan0These are the names of locations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
104417:6sgu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMedes0This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
104517:7sg9j0# General Information:\n\nThe narrative pauses to summarize Yahweh’s judgment on Israel.
104617:7rdg7This captivity0This refers to the capture of the Israelites by the Assyrians.
104717:7yaq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe hand of0“Hand” is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: “the control of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
104817:8zgq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwalking in the practices0“Walking” is metaphor for the ways or patterns of behavior people use in their lives. Alternate translation: “doing the activities” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
104917:10ry45rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleon every high hill and under every green tree0These are exaggerations to show that worship of false gods was widespread. Alternate translation: “on high hills and under green trees everywhere” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
105017:11iv69performed wicked things to provoke Yahweh to anger0Possible ways to render this: (1) “did many wicked things that caused Yahweh to become angry” or (2) “did many sinful things that made Yahweh angry”
105117:12um9habout which Yahweh had said to them0Alternate translation: “about which Yahweh had warned them”
105217:13l95xYahweh had testified … by every prophet0Yahweh spoke through the prophets.
105317:13u47jTurn from your evil ways0Alternate translation: “Stop doing the evil things you have been doing”
105417:13k7g1I sent to you by my servants the prophets0The prophets were sent by Yahweh to remind the people of God’s Laws and to obey them.
105517:14q327they were very stubborn0They were unwilling to follow God’s laws and rely on Yahweh as their God.
105617:15djv4rejected his statutes0They refused to obey God’s Laws.
105717:15wv5mThey followed useless practices0They followed the practices of the people around them.
105817:15e99snot to imitate0Alternate translation: “not to copy”
105917:16n1a8cast metal figures0Cast metal figures are objects made by pouring melted metal into a form (or mold) to make a shape.
106017:17hy71used … enchantments0used magic to say what would happen in the future
106117:17vek9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorsold themselves to do that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh0To “sell themselves” is a metaphor for committing completely to do that which was evil. Alternate translation: “committed themselves to do things that Yahweh said were evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
106217:18x1zdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyremoved them out of his sight0“Sight” is metonymy for being within the attention of Yahweh so he no longer cared for them. Alternate translation: “removed them from his attention” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
106317:19p16f0# General Information:\n\nThe summary of Yahweh’s judgment on Israel includes how Judah also fell into idolatry.
106417:19cg6krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJudah0The location “Judah” is metonymy for the people that live there. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
106517:20d8a3he afflicted them0Alternate translation: “Yahweh punished the Israelites”
106617:20g1ycrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymygave them into the hand of those who would take the possession as spoil0“Hand” is metonymy for control, power or authority. Alternate translation: “handed them over to those who robbed them of their property” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
106717:20vab6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoruntil he had cast them out of his sight0“his sight” is metaphor for attention and caring. Alternate translation: “until he got rid of them all” or “until they were no longer in his presence” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
106817:21f8virc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe tore Israel0“He tore” here is a metaphor for violent removal. Alternate translation: “Yahweh removed the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
106917:21tq3sfrom the royal line of David0Alternate translation: “from the rule of David’s descendants”
107017:21czk6drove Israel away from following Yahweh0Alternate translation: “turned the people of Israel away from following Yahweh”
107117:22e5r7they did not depart from them0Alternate translation: “the Israelites did not stop committing these sins” or “they did not turn away from those sins”
107217:23j42urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorso Yahweh removed Israel from his sight0“Sight” here is a metaphor for attention and care. Alternate translation: “so Yahweh removed the people of Israel from his attention and care” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
107317:24f8bqrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKuthah … Avva … Hamath … Sepharvaim0These are places in the Assyrian empire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
107417:25ka1wIt happened at the beginning of their residence there that0Alternate translation: “When those people first lived there”
107517:26k4vbThe nations that you have carried away and placed in the cities of Samaria0Alternate translation: “The people you have moved from other lands and sent to live in the cities of Samaria”
107617:26k3lcdo not know the practices required by the god of the land0Alternate translation: “do not know how to worship the God that the Israelites worshiped in this land”
107717:27f22xTake one of the priests there whom you brought from there0Alternate translation: “Take a priest who came from Samaria back there”
107817:27cv65let him teach them0Alternate translation: “let the Samaritan priest teach the people who are living there now”
107917:30fz4prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSuccoth Benoth … Nergal … Ashima0These are the names of gods, both male and female. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
108017:30pu6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKuthah … Hamath0These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
108117:31dl97rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNibhaz … Tartak0These are the names of gods, both male and female. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
108217:31s6iwrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAvvites … Sepharvites0These are the names of people groups. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
108317:31ksc4burned their children in the fire0Alternate translation: “sacrificed their own children” or “burned their children in fire as an offering”
108417:32uw4eThey0This refers to the pagan people that the king of Assyria moved into the cities of Samaria.
108517:34z9z7they persist in their old customs0Alternate translation: “they continue in the same habits as before”
108617:34t4ssThey neither honor Yahweh0The people were only interested in appeasing Yahweh. They were either not interested or not aware Yahweh was interested in a relationship with them.
108717:36fm9a0# General Information:\n\nThe summary comes toward the end with an appeal to worship only Yahweh.
108817:36xf5krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymywith great power and a raised arm0The phrase “raised arm” is metonymy for displaying power and means basically the same thing as “great power.” Alternate translation: “with very great power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
108917:37q8zekeep them0Alternate translation: “obey them”
109017:39gc8w0# General Information:\n\nThe summary now ends with an appeal to worship only Yahweh and a description of the sins of the people.
109117:40j2h1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThey would not listen0“Listen” here is a metaphor for paying attention and acting on the command. Alternate translation: “They did not obey” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
109217:41ne8ythese nations feared Yahweh0These nations feared Yahweh only to the point of appeasing him the same way they treated their own gods.
109317:41zh69up to this day0“and have continued ever since.” The phrase “this day” refers to the time period in which the writer lived.
109418:introabci0# 2 Kings 18 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the story of Hezekiah, one of the great kings of Judah (2 Kings 18 – 20). Because he was so important, there is more space dedicated to the history of his reign.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Trust in Yahweh\n\nHezekiah trusted and obeyed God. He stopped paying tribute to Assyria so the Assyrians invaded Judah. The Assyrian king told the people of Judah that resistance was useless. Despite this, Hezekiah trusted in the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
109518:1an230# General Information:\n\nHezekiah becomes king over Judah in place of his father King Ahaz.
109618:1b49brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHoshea … Elah0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
109718:2u8q8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZechariah0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
109818:2zuh6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAbijah0This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
109918:3asi6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh0“In the eyes” here is a metaphor for Yahweh’s attention and care. Alternate translation: “King Hezekiah did what was right to Yahweh” or “Hezekiah did things that Yahweh said are right” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
110018:4qf1lHe removed the high places, destroyed the stone pillars, and cut down the Asherah poles0Alternate translation: “Hezekiah removed the high places of worship, smashed into pieces the memorial stones, and cut down the wooden poles of Asherah”
110118:4rbd2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNehushtan0This name could be translated “Bronze Serpent Idol.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
110218:6pl2nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe held on to Yahweh0To “hold on” is metaphor for staying loyal and attached. Alternate translation: “Hezekiah stayed loyal to Yahweh” or “Hezekiah remained faithful to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
110318:7q5mswherever he went he prospered0Alternate translation: “wherever Hezekiah went he was successful”
110418:8jru2fortified city0city with a wall all around it
110518:9why1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHoshea … Elah … Shalmaneser0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
110618:11s3p4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHalah … Habor River … Gozan0These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
110718:11nn5trc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMedes0This is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
110818:11g59sSo the king of Assyria carried Israel away to Assyria0Alternate translation: “So the king of Assyria commanded his army to take the Israelites away from their homes, and he made them live in Assyria”
110918:12u5f8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe voice of Yahweh0“Voice” is metonymy for the message about the command of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the command of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
111018:13n6yrrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSennacherib0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
111118:13s9tsfortified cities0Cities with walls around them for protection. See how you translated “fortified city” in [2 Kings 18:8](../18/08.md).
111218:14bt6krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLachish0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
111318:14bdx1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitWithdraw from me0This expression assumes that “me” represents the kingdom of Hezekiah. Alternate translation: “Take your army out of my territory” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
111418:14fw46Whatever you put on me I will bear0Alternate translation: “I will pay you whatever you demand of me”
111518:14w755rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneytalents0This is the name of type of weight that was used for money. One talent weighted about 33 kilograms. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
111618:15w5qxtreasuries0This was the place in the palace where money and valuable things were stored.
111718:17rw3nthe king of Assyria mobilized his great army, sending Tartan and Rabsaris and the chief commander0Sennacherib sent a group of men from his army to Jerusalem to meet with King Hezekiah, including officials named Tartan and Rabsaris.
111818:17iz1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesTartan … Rabsaris0Some Bibles translate these as proper names. Other versions of the Bible translate them as titles. Alternate translation: “the Tartan … the Rabsaris” or “the leader of the soldier … a court official” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
111918:17hnu8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLachish0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
112018:17hq5bthe conduit of the upper pool0the channel where the water stored in the “upper pool” flows into the city of Jerusalem
112118:17wj5cstood by it0Alternate translation: “and waited there for King Hezekiah to meet with them”
112218:18f4nyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEliakim … Hilkiah … Shebna … Joah … Asaph0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
112318:19fj2erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat is the source of your confidence?0The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt’s support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: “You have no reason to think that you can defeat me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
112418:20l4ksrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionIn whom are you trusting, that you should rebel against me?0The King of Assyria (through his messenger Rabshakeh) wants to make King Hezekiah doubt himself and Egypt’s support. He does not ask this question looking for an answer. Alternate translation: “You cannot trust anyone to help you rebel against me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
112518:21l67drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwalking stick of this bruised reed of Egypt0The King of Assyria compares Egypt to a weak walking stick; you expect that it will support you when you lean on it, but instead it breaks and cuts you. Alternate translation: “the weak support from Egypt” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
112618:21vl81rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbut if a man leans … and pierce it0The speaker is extending the metaphor by describing what happens when a reed is used as a support. Alternate translation: “but if someone uses this for support, he will be injured” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
112718:22vr43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionis not he the one whose high places … Jerusalem’?0This question assumes the listeners know the answer and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “You need to remember that he is the one whose high places … Jerusalem’!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
112818:24pmx6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow could you resist even one captain of the least of my master’s servants?0He asks this question to emphasize that the army of Hezekiah does not have the resources to fight. He also uses exaggeration to mock Hezekiah’s army. Alternate translation: This could mean: (1) “You could not defeat even one of the least of the king’s soldiers.” or (2) “You could not defeat a group of the king’s soldiers commanded by his least important officer.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
112918:25s1nkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave I traveled up here without Yahweh to fight against this place and destroy it?0He asks this question to emphasize that Yahweh is behind his success to obey the command to destroy Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh himself told us to come here and destroy this land!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
113018:26i5v3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEliakim … Hilkiah … Shebnah … Joah0Translate the names of these men as in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/18.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
113118:26t7mkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyin the ears of the people who are on the wall0“In the ears” is metonymy for being able to listen. Alternate translation: “because the people standing on the city wall will hear it and be afraid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
113218:27kju3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHas my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words? Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine with you?0He asks these questions assuming the listeners know the answers to emphasize their intention to destroy and humiliate the leaders and people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “My master sent me not only to you and your master, but also to speak to the people in this city, who will suffer with you when they have to eat their own dung and drink their own urine to survive.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
113318:29es79rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom my power0“my power” is metonymy for the ability of the king himself. Alternate translation: “from me” or “from the power of my army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
113418:30x8a6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethis city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria0This can be expressed in an active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will never allow the king of Assyria’s army to take this city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
113518:30zg7src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe hand0“Hand” is metonymy for control, authority and power. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
113618:31e5tlMake peace with me and come out to me0Alternate translation: “Come out of the city and surrender to me” or “Make an agreement with me to surrender, and come out of the city to me”
113718:31c7werc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhis own vine … his own fig tree … his own cistern0These sources of food and water are metaphors for security and plenty. This also was a common way of expressing this idea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
113818:32hw3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphora land of grain and new wine … bread and vineyards … olive trees and honey0These are metaphors for having good things and plenty in daily life. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
113918:33yg4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHas any of the gods … Assyria?0He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “None the gods of the peoples have rescued them … Assyria.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
114018:34v6aprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhere are the gods of … Arpad?0He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “I have destroyed the gods of … Arpad!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
114118:34vmd2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHamath … Arpad … Sepharvaim … Hena … Ivvah … Samaria0These are the names of places that represent the people living there. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
114218:34h7d8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyout of my hand0“Hand” is metonymy for control, power, or authority. Alternate translation: “out from my control” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
114318:35tq6trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionis there any god who has rescued his land from my power?0He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “No god has rescued his land from my power.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
114418:35a9gnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom my power0“My power” is metonymy for the person whose has the power. Alternate translation: “from me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
114518:35pg2hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow could Yahweh save Jerusalem from my might?0He asks this question for emphasis because they know the answer. Alternate translation: “There is no way Yahweh can save Jerusalem from my might!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
114618:37qv1krc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEliakim … Shebna … Joah … Asaph0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
114718:37ve84who was over the household0Alternate translation: “who managed the king’s palace”
114818:37ew4cthe recorder0Alternate translation: “the history keeper”
114918:37k5buchief commander0and is the translation of the Hebrew; some see this as a personal name, “Rabshakeh”
115019:introabcj0# 2 Kings 19 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Hezekiah continues in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God’s power\nGod is in control of everything. God caused the Assyrian king to fail in conquering Jerusalem because he mocked God.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\n“The virgin daughter of Zion” here is an idiom meaning the people of Jerusalem. “The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn” means that “the people of Jerusalem know that Assyria will fail because they have mocked God.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
115119:1kae1house of Yahweh0This is another way of saying “temple of Yahweh.”
115219:2aw2hrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesEliakim … Shebna … Isaiah … Amoz0These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
115319:2vdb3He sent Eliakim0Alternate translation: “Hezekiah sent Eliakim”
115419:2jv2yall covered with sackcloth0Alternate translation: “all wearing sackcloth”
115519:3efp5This day is a day of distress0Alternate translation: “This is a time of distress”
115619:3a7nzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe children have come to the time of birth, but there is no strength for them to be born0This is a metaphor to describe how the people and their leaders have become so weak and unable to fight the enemy. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
115719:4nz1qall the words of the chief commander0Alternate translation: “everything that the chief commander has said”
115819:4dcy4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorlift up your prayer0This a common way (an idiom) to use the action of lifting to metaphorically represent praying earnestly to Yahweh who is above us. Alternate translation: “pray earnestly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
115919:7r6aqI will put a spirit in him, and he will hear a certain report and go back to his own land0Alternate translation: “I will control the attitude of the king of Assyria, so when he hears a report, he will want to return to his own country”
116019:7y85xI will put a spirit in him0“I will influence his thinking” or “I will cause him to think differently.” Here “spirit” probably refers to his attitude and thoughts, rather than to a spirit being.
116119:7h1ajrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI will cause him to fall by the sword0“Fall by the sword” is metonymy for being killed. Alternate translation: “I will cause him to die by the sword” or “I will cause some men to kill him with a sword” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
116219:8qdm5the chief commander0Alternate translation: “the official from Assyria in charge under the king”
116319:8z994found the king of Assyria fighting0Alternate translation: “discovered that the Assyrian army was fighting”
116419:8z9m6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLibnah … Lachish0The names of cities in the kingdom of Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
116519:9qp2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSennacherib … Tirhakah0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
116619:9v22shad mobilized to fight against him0Alternate translation: “had prepared his army to fight against Assyria”
116719:9qsw8so he sent0Alternate translation: “so Sennacherib sent”
116819:9mjm3a message0This message was written in a letter.
116919:10gg2n0# General Information:\n\nThis is the message that King Sennacharib of Assyria sent to King Hezekiah.
117019:10rv7tDo not let your God in whom you trust deceive you, saying0Alternate translation: “Do not believe your God in whom you trust. He is lying when he says”
117119:10rl75rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe hand of the king of Assyria0“Hand” is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate translation: “the control of the government of Assyria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
117219:11yi6zSee, you have heard0“Notice, you have heard” or “You have certainly heard.” Here “see” was used to draw attention to what he was about to say next.
117319:11rg7krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionSo will you be rescued?0Sennacharib used this question to emphasize that God will not be able to rescue them. Alternate translation: “Your God will not rescue you!” or “You will not be able to escape either!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
117419:12t2qtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave the gods of the nations rescued them, the nations … destroyed: Gozan … Assar?0This question assumes Hezekiah knows the answer and provides emphasis. Alternate translation: “The gods of the nations, the nations … destroyed—Gozan … Assar—certainly did not rescue them!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
117519:12qh8kmy fathers0Alternate translation: “the previous kings of Assyria” or “the armies of the previous kings of Assyria”
117619:12jlk5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGozan … Haran … Rezeph … Eden … Tel Assar0These are all place names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
117719:13qr8prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHamath … Arpad … Sepharvaim … Hena … Ivvah0These are all place names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
117819:14rl14this letter0This refers to the letter that King Sennacherib of Assyria sent to Hezekiah ([2 Kings 19:8](../19/08.md)).
117919:15tj35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicityou who sit above the cherubim0You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh’s footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. Alternate translation: “you who sit on your throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
118019:16ww68rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismTurn your ear, Yahweh, and listen. Open your eyes, Yahweh, and see0Both of these sentences urge Yahweh to pay attention to the things that Sennacherib is saying. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
118119:16l4xgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletTurn your ear, Yahweh, and listen0The words “Turn your ear” and “listen” mean the same thing and add emphasis to the plea. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, please listen to what he is saying” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
118219:16ts43rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletOpen your eyes, Yahweh, and see0The words “Open your eyes” and “see” mean the same thing and add emphasis to the plea. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, please pay attention to what is happening” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
118319:18j5icThey have put their gods into the fire0Alternate translation: “The Assyrian kings have burned up the gods of the other nations”
118419:18eb8eAssyrians have destroyed them0Alternate translation: “Assyrians have destroyed both the nations and the nations’ gods”
118519:19wfb4I implore you0Alternate translation: “I beg of you”
118619:19d477from his power0Alternate translation: “from the power of the King of Assyria” or “from the armies of the King of Assyria”
118719:21x6cwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe virgin daughter of Zion0“Virgin daughter” here is a metaphor for the people of Jerusalem as if they are young, vibrant and beautiful. The term “daughter” was used to give personal characteristics to cities by some biblical writers. Alternate translation: “The beautiful people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
118819:21rt7trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismThe virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs you to scorn. The daughter of Jerusalem shakes her head at you.0Both of these sentences intend to give the same meaning. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
118919:21nn9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe daughter of Jerusalem0“Daughter” is metaphor for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “The people of the city of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
119019:21m7lxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorshakes her head at you0This action is a metaphor to represent disdain at the pride of the Assyrians. Alternate translation: “scorns you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
119119:22j2srrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhom have you defied and insulted? Against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride? Against the Holy One of Israel!0Yahweh uses rhetorical questions to rebuke Sennacherib. Alternate translation: “You have defied and insulted me! You have exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes in pride against me, the Holy One of Israel!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
119219:22xs5lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymylifted up your eyes in pride0“lifted up your eyes in pride” is metonymy for a haughty or arrogant facial expression. Alternate translation: “looked at very proudly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
119319:22bu8ethe Holy One of Israel0An expression for the God of Israel, Yahweh.
119419:23l4eiyou have defied the Lord0To “defy” is to openly resist or mock.
119519:23fz73rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheI have gone up … I will cut down … I will enter0These boasts made by Sennacherib could only be fulfilled by his army. The pronoun “I” represents him and his army. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
119619:24q99yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleI dried up all the rivers of Egypt under the soles of my feet.0This is a boast that Sennacherib has so many soldiers that their feet dry up the water when they cross a river. This is an exaggeration to emphasize the great number of soldiers he has. Alternate translation: “And by marching through the streams of Egypt, we dried them all up!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
119719:25r3airc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHave you not heard how … times?0To make the point strongly this question assumes the listener knows the answer. Alternate translation: “Surely you know how … times.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
119819:25pi5dimpregnable cities0Alternate translation: “cities that cannot be captured” or “cities surrounded by high walls”
119919:26cp3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorplants in the field, green grass0This metaphor compares the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plants. Alternate translation: “as frail as plants and grass in the fields” or “as weak as shallow rooted plants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
120019:26u3mnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe grass on the roof or in the field, burned before it has grown up0This continues the metaphor comparing the weak victims of the Assyrian advance to fragile plants in difficult conditions for growing fully. Alternate translation: “like grass before it has matured” or “like grass before it has grown tall” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
120119:27u4xvraging against me0Alternate translation: “angry shouting about me”
120219:28sm7prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymybecause your arrogance has reached my ears0“Ears” are metonymy for listening or hearing. Alternate translation: “because I have heard your proud words” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
120319:28m3jmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI will put my hook in your nose, and my bit in your mouth0A “hook” and a “bit” (to control a horse) are metaphors for Yahweh’s control of Sennacherib. Alternate translation: “I will lead you like an animal” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
120419:28c2rzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI will turn you back the way you came0That Sennacherib will return home before he can conquer Jerusalem can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will make you return to your own country the same way you came, without conquering Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
120519:29gx3tgrows wild0Alternate translation: “grows without having been planted”
120619:30gtq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorThe remnant of the house of Judah that survives will again take root and bear fruit0This metaphor compares restoration of the remnant to plantings that take hold and produce results. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah who remain alive will restore their lives and prosperity” or “The people who remain in Judah will prosper and have many children” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
120719:31q41hThe zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this0Alternate translation: “The strong action of Yahweh will make this happen”
120819:32q83irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism0# General Information:\n\nThis is the end of the message from Yahweh, spoken through the prophet Isaiah to King Hezekiah. It uses parallelism throughout. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
120919:32l47xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymynor shoot an arrow here0“Arrow” is metonymy representing all tools of warfare and destruction. Alternate translation: “nor do any fighting here” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
121019:32u923or build up a siege ramp against it0Alternate translation: “and they will not even build up high mounds of earth against the city wall to enable them to attack the city”
121119:33r75crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personthis is Yahweh’s declaration0Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
121219:34pa6nfor my own sake and for my servant David’s sake0Alternate translation: “for the sake of my own reputation and because of what I promised to King David, who served me well”
121319:35n87uIt came about0Alternate translation: “It happened”
121419:35g563rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers185,000 soldiers0“one hundred eighty-five thousand soldiers” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
121519:35d5f2When the men arose0Alternate translation: “When the men who were left alive got up”
121619:37txi6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAdrammelek … Sharezer … Esarhaddon0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
121720:introabck0# 2 Kings 20 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter finishes the story of Hezekiah.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Hezekiah’s additional time\nGod hears the distressed call of his faithful believers. Hezekiah was dying but when he prayed, God gave him 15 more years of life. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])
121820:1dhm5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymySet your house in order0“House” is metonymy for what was under Hezekiah’s control. Alternate translation: “Give final instructions to your household and government” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
121920:3y2ayrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomcall to mind0This is a common way of speaking, an idiom, urging Yahweh to remember. Alternate translation: “remember” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
122020:3vts1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwalked0This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “lived my life” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
122120:3mv7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorgood in your sight0Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in your judgment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
122220:4ad2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe word of Yahweh came0“Word” represents the message Yahweh revealed to Isaiah. This is a common way of speaking, an idiom. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
122320:5j5zirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismI have heard your prayer, and I have seen your tears0The second part reinforces the first part to make one message by using parallelism. Alternate translation: “I have heard your prayers and seen your tears” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
122420:5jaq6on the third day0Alternate translation: “two days from now” The day Isaiah said this was the first day, so “the third day” would be the same as “two days from now.”
122520:6p9usrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersfifteen years015 years (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
122620:6tej9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom the hand of the king of Assyria0“Hand” is metonymy for power, authority and control. Alternate translation: “from the control of the king of Assyria” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
122720:7y9eulump of figs0Alternate translation: “paste made of boiled figs”
122820:7xl9gThey did so and put it on his boil0Alternate translation: “Hezekiah’s servants did this and put the paste on Hezekiah’s sore”
122920:9kr84rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitShall the shadow go forward ten steps, or go back ten steps?0The source of “the shadow” can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Do you want Yahweh to make the shadow caused by the sunlight on the stairway to go forward ten steps or to go back ten steps?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
123020:9wf56ten steps0This expression refers to the “stairway of Ahaz” in [2 Kings 20:11](../20/11.md). This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun’s rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day.
123120:10tm24rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIt is an easy thing for the shadow to go forward ten steps0Why “it is an easy thing” can be stated clearly. “It is easy to cause the shadow to move forward ten steps, because that is the normal thing for it to do” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
123220:11n148rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe stairway of Ahaz0This was probably a special stairway built for King Ahaz in such a way that its steps marked the hours of daylight as the sun’s rays advanced along them. In this way, the staircase served to tell the time during the day. Alternate translation: “the steps that had been built for King Ahaz” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
123320:12q3u5rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMarduk-Baladan … Baladan0These are the names of the king of Babylon and his son. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
123420:13dh37listened to those letters0Alternate translation: “carefully considered those letters” or “heard the message from the king of Babylon”
123520:13zgg3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesThere was nothing in his house, nor in all his kingdom, that Hezekiah did not show them0Here “There was nothing … did not show them” is an exaggeration used for emphasis. It means Hezekiah showed them all of his most valuable things. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Hezekiah showed him absolutely everything valuable in his house and in all his kingdom” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
123620:14neq3these men0This refers to the men sent to King Hezekiah with a message and gifts from Marduk-Baladan.
123720:15fkx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleThey have seen everything in my house. There is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them0Hezekiah repeats the same idea in two ways to emphasize his point. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
123820:15mau7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesThere is nothing among my valuable things that I have not shown them0“Nothing” and “not” cancel each other out to make the idea positive. This exaggeration is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “I showed them absolutely every one of my valuable things” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
123920:16yw6erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitSo Isaiah said to Hezekiah0Why Isaiah spoke can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “So, because Isaiah knew Hezekiah had been foolish to show the men all his valuable things, Isaiah said to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
124020:16nu7pthe word of Yahweh0Alternate translation: “the message of Yahweh”
124120:17wr4sLook, the days are about to come when0“Listen to me, someday there will come a time when”; “Look” is used to draw attention to what Isaiah is about to tell Hezekiah.
124220:17dsd6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe days0“Days” is synecdoche to refer to an undefined span of time. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
124320:19aw9pFor he thought0Alternate translation: “Because Hezekiah thought”
124420:19jej2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWill there not be peace and stability in my days?0Hezekiah asks this question for emphasis knowing the answer already. Alternate translation: “I can be sure that there will be peace and stability in my days.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
124520:20fgv7pool0A small area of still water for storage
124620:20xm9sconduit0A tunnel for carrying the water
124720:20v69irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionare they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?0This question is used to remind the reader that these things are recorded. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the history of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
124821:introabcl0# 2 Kings 21 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God’s judgment\nGod judges sin. When Manasseh worshiped idols and did many evil things, God said he would cause Judah to be destroyed by its enemies. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Simile\n\n“I will wipe Jerusalem clean, as a man wipes a dish, wiping it and turning it upside down” means “God would completely destroy Jerusalem.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
124921:1cuc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHephzibah0The mother of King Manasseh (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
125021:2k3uxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
125121:2qx6plike the disgusting things0Another possible meaning is “including the disgusting things.”
125221:3i746rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe rebuilt the high places … he built altars for Baal, made an Asherah pole0Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate translation: “he had the high places rebuilt … he had altars built for Baal, had an Asherah pole made” or “he had his workers rebuild the high places … he had them build altars for Baal, make an Asherah pole” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
125321:4tf5jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIt is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever0The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
125421:5lm3drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe built altars for all the stars of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh0It is implied that he built these altars so people could make sacrifices and worship the stars. Also, he would not have built these altars himself, rather he would have commanded his workers to do it. Alternate translation: “He had his workers build altars in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh so that the people could worship the stars and offer them sacrifices” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
125521:6nlv5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe caused his son to pass through the fire0You may need to make explicit why he caused his son be put into the fire and what happened after he did so. Alternate translation: “He burned his son to death as an offering to his gods” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
125621:6qw58consulted with0Alternate translation: “asked for information from”
125721:6p47lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphormuch evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “many things that were evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “many things that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
125821:7sss9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythat he had made0Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate translation: “that Manasseh had ordered his servants to make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
125921:7p35nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythat I will put my name forever0Here Yahweh putting his “name” on the temple represents him designating it as the place to worship him. Alternate translation: “where I want people to worship me forever” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
126021:8ysn5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe feet of Israel0The feet are a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the Israelites” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
126121:9g14qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyeven more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel0Here “nations” refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate translation: “even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
126221:13j6kzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorstretch over Jerusalem the measuring line used against Samaria, and the plumb line used against the house of Ahab0The words “measuring line” and “plumb line” are metaphors for the standards Yahweh uses to judge people. Alternate translation: “judge Jerusalem using the same measure I used when I judged Samaria and the house of Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
126321:13vp2yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyagainst Samaria0Samaria is the capital city and it represents all the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “against the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
126421:13db7nplumb line0a tool made of a heavy weight and a thin rope used to show if a wall is straight
126521:13udx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe house of Ahab0Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “the family of Ahab” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
126621:14n7z2I will throw off0Alternate translation: “I will abandon” or “I will reject”
126721:14nm49rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochegive them into the hand of their enemies0Here the “hand” of the enemies refers to their enemies’ control. Alternate translation: “let their enemies defeat them and take over their land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
126821:16db4vMoreover, Manasseh0Alternate translation: “Also, Manasseh” or “In addition, Manasseh”
126921:16f4nsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyManasseh shed much innocent blood0The words “shed much innocent blood” are a metonym for killing people violently. It might be best to translate this so the reader understands that other people helped Manasseh do this. Alternate translation: “Manasseh ordered his soldiers to kill many innocent people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
127021:16sx9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbolehe had filled Jerusalem from one end to another with death0This hyperbole emphasizes the great number of people Manasseh had killed throughout Jerusalem. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “dead people.” Alternate translation: “there were very many dead people throughout Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
127121:16ff48rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
127221:17ce1prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveare they not written … Judah?0This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written … Judah.” or “you can find them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
127321:18i542rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismslept with his ancestors and0This is a polite way of saying he “died, as his ancestors had, and” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
127421:18rhh9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe garden of Uzza0This could mean: (1) “the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza” or (2) “Uzza Garden.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
127521:18b29brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAmon0This is a man’s name (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
127621:19np3nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAmon … Haruz0These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
127721:19wqq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMeshullemeth0This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
127821:19qwh8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJotbah0This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
127921:20xn3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
128021:21hks2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorfollowed in all the way that his father had walked in0“walked in all the ways that his father walked in.” The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “lived completely the way his father had lived” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
128121:22r996He abandoned Yahweh0Alternate translation: “He went away from Yahweh” or “He paid no more attention to Yahweh”
128221:23km8aconspired against him0Alternate translation: “made plans and worked together to harm him”
128321:24pwu1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbolethe people of the land0This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “some of the people in Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
128421:24nj33conspired against0“made plans and worked together to harm.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:23](../21/23.md).
128521:25zcb6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveare they not written … Judah?0This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written … Judah.” or “you can find them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
128621:26zpi6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesthe garden of Uzza0This could mean: (1) “the garden that had once belonged to a man named Uzza” or (2) “Uzza Garden.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 21:18](../21/18.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
128722:introabcm0# 2 Kings 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe next two chapters (2 Kings 22–23) tell about the spiritual revival under King Josiah. A revival occurs when the people begin to worship Yahweh properly again. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The law\n\nThe priests found a copy of the law in the temple and took it to the king. He was upset because the people had disobeyed the law so badly. Josiah asked God about it. God said that he would destroy Judah for these sins but not in Josiah’s lifetime, since he humbled himself and wanted to do better. Many scholars believe this was a copy of the book of Deuteronomy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
128822:1gp47rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersthirty-one years0“31 years” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
128922:1ne6nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJedidah0This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
129022:1wgp7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAdaiah0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
129122:1vv8drc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesBozkath0This is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
129222:2q688rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh0Here “eyes” represents Yahweh’s thoughts or what he considered about something. Alternate translation: “He did what Yahweh considered to be right” or “He did what was right according to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
129322:2ly8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe walked in all the way of David his ancestor0“He walked in all the ways of David his ancestor” Josiah behaving as David did is spoken of as if he walked on the same road or way as David. Alternate translation: “He lived the way David his ancestor had lived” or “He followed the example of David his ancestor” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
129422:2n1m8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe did not turn away either to the right or to the left0To fully obey Yahweh is spoken of as if a person were on the correct road and never turned from it. Alternate translation: “he did not do anything that would displease Yahweh” or “he fully obeyed all the laws of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
129522:3p4bfIt came about that0If your language has a way to mark the beginning of a new part of the story, consider using it here.
129622:3hab4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe eighteenth year0“Eighteenth” is the ordinal form of 18. Alternate translation: “year 18” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
129722:3kxh4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShaphan … Azaliah … Meshullam0These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
129822:4alb5Go up to Hilkiah0The phrase “Go up” is used because Yahweh’s temple was higher in elevation than where King Josiah was located. Alternate translation: “Go to Hilkiah”
129922:4dub3rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHilkiah0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
130022:4sf26rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat has been brought into the house of Yahweh, which the temple guards have gathered from the people0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the temple guards who gathered the money from the people brought into the temple of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
130122:4xz1uhouse of Yahweh0This is another name for the “temple” (verse 3).
130222:5g4kjhouse of Yahweh … in the temple0Here “house of Yahweh” and “temple” mean the same thing.
130322:5xuv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheLet it be given into the hand of the workmen0Here “hand” represents the workmen as a whole. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Tell Hilkiah to give the money to the workmen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
130422:6i313Let them give money0Here “them” refers to the workmen who are in charge of the house of Yahweh in [2 Kings 22:5](../22/05.md).
130522:6r9kjthe carpenters, the builders, and the masons0These are the same as the workmen who are in the house of Yahweh in [2 Kings 22:5](../22/05.md). Here the workers are described in more detail.
130622:6j71ycarpenters0workers who build with wood
130722:6ql4rmasons0workers who build with stone
130822:7ieq6was given to them … because they handled0Here “them” and “they” refer to the workmen who are in charge of the house of Yahweh in [2 Kings 22:5](../22/05.md).
130922:7hkm7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveno accounting was required for the money that was given to them0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the workmen who were in charge did not have to report how they used the money that the temple guards gave them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
131022:7dt6wbecause they handled it faithfully0Alternate translation: “because they used the money honestly”
131122:8hf68rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHilkiah0This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 18:18](../18/18.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
131222:8n1xtthe book of the law0Most likely these laws were written on a scroll. A scroll was a type of book made of one long, rolled-up sheet of papyrus or leather.
131322:9xt1wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochegiven it into the hand of the workmen0Here “hand” represents the workmen as a whole. Alternate translation: “given it to the workmen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
131422:11jl4tIt came about that0If your language has a way to mark the beginning of a new part of the story, consider using it here.
131522:11nye3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhad heard the words of the law0Here “words” represents the message of the law. Alternate translation: “had heard the laws that were written in the book” or “had heard the laws that were written in the scroll” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
131622:11d65nrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactionhe tore his clothes0This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
131722:12qm31rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAhikam … Shaphan … Akbor … Micaiah … Asaiah0These are names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
131822:13xl33Go and consult with Yahweh0It is made clear in 22:14 that the king means for the men to go to the prophetess of Yahweh to determine Yahweh’s will.
131922:13r823consult0to go to someone to ask for advice
132022:13u6anrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethe words of this book that has been found0Here “words” represents the laws. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the laws in this book that Hilkiah has found” (See:[[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
132122:13u2jprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorFor great is the anger of Yahweh that has been kindled against us0Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate translation: “For Yahweh is very angry with us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
132222:13e5firc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveall that was written concerning us0This refers to the law that was given to Israel. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all that Moses wrote in the law that we should do” or “all the laws that God gave through Moses to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
132322:14hj95rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHuldah0This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
132422:14lc23rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesShallum … Tikvah … Harhas0These are men’s names. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
132522:14fia7keeper of the wardrobe0This could mean: (1) the person who took care of the clothing that priests wore in the temple or (2) the person who took care of the king’s clothing.
132622:14at8lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitshe lived in Jerusalem in the second quarter0Here “second quarter” refers to the new part of the city that was built on the north side of Jerusalem. Also, “second” is the ordinal form of 2. Alternate translation: “she lived in Jerusalem in the new part of the city” or “she lived in the new part of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
132722:15lf4sthe man who sent you to me0Here “the man” refers to King Josiah.
132822:16y4strc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI will bring disaster to this place and to its inhabitants0Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that he could bring to a place. Alternate translation: “I will cause terrible things to happen to this place and to those who live there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
132922:16p6qxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheto this place0“to Jerusalem.” This refers to the city of Jerusalem which represents the whole land of Judah. Alternate translation: “to Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
133022:17syg8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphormy anger has been kindled against this place, and it will not be extinguished0Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire that was lit. Alternate translation: “my anger against this place is like a fire that cannot be put out” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
133122:17c75rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythis place0Here “place” represents the people who live in Jerusalem and Judah. Alternate translation: “these people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
133222:18a12hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyAbout the words that you heard0Here “words” represents the message that Huldah just spoke. Alternate translation: “About the message that you heard” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
133322:19cu8xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymybecause your heart was tender0Here “heart” represents a person’s inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate translation: “because you felt sorry” or “because you repented” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
133422:19ef3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsthat they would become a desolation and a curse0The abstract nouns “desolation” and “curse” can be stated as an adjective and a verb. Alternate translation: “that I would make the land desolate and would curse them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
133522:19tca8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symactiontorn your clothes0This is a symbolic action that indicates intense grief or sadness. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
133622:19u682rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123personthis is Yahweh’s declaration0Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 19:33](../19/33.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
133722:20t38r0# General Information:\n\nThis is the end of the message from Yahweh to King Josiah through the prophetess Huldah.
133822:20cn5jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismSee, I will gather you to your ancestors, and you will be gathered to your grave in peace0Both statements mean basically the same thing. They are polite ways of saying he will die. Alternate translation: “So I will allow you to die and be buried peacefully” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
133922:20qgs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyYour eyes will not see0Here “will not see” represents not experiencing something. Alternate translation: “You will not experience” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
134022:20mc6nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheYour eyes0Here “eyes” represents the whole person. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
134122:20j2cnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe disaster that I will bring upon this place0Yahweh causing terrible things to happen is spoken of as if disaster were an object that Yahweh would bring to a place. Alternate translation: “the terrible things I will cause to happen in this place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
134223:introabcn0# 2 Kings 23 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe story of Josiah ends in this chapter.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Ending idolatry\n\nJosiah destroyed idolatry in Judah and in the deserted areas of Israel. But he fought against Egypt and was killed in battle. After his death, Egypt set up a government of Judah that it controlled.
134323:2yx5src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem0This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many other people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
134423:2bw8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismfrom small to great0This merism includes everyone in between. Alternate translation: “from the least important to the most important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
134523:2k1aiHe then read in their hearing0Alternate translation: “Then the king read aloud so that they could hear”
134623:2wxs2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat had been found0In [2 Kings 22:8](../22/08.md) it states that Hilkiah found the book. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Hilkiah had found” or “that they had found” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
134723:3lg2wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwalk after Yahweh0The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path, and “to walk after” someone is a metonym for doing what that other person does or wants others to do. Alternate translation: “live obeying Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
134823:3v7nfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublethis commandments, his regulations, and his statutes0These words all share similar meanings. Together they emphasize everything that Yahweh had commanded in the law. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
134923:3jl5arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwith all his heart and all his soul0The idiom “with all his heart” means “completely” and “with all his soul” means “with all his being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all his being” or “with all his energy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
135023:3lb9crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethat were written in this book0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “that this book contained” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
135123:3ecz5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomstand by the covenant0This idiom means to “obey the terms of the covenant.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
135223:4sx3uthe priests under him0Alternate translation: “the other priests who served him”
135323:4vy6igatekeepers0men who guarded the gates to the temple
135423:4i5ukfor Baal … for all the stars0Alternate translation: “so people could use them to worship Baal … so people could use them to worship all the stars”
135523:4vje6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe burned … and carried0The word “he” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “he had them burn them … and carry them” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
135623:4qsq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKidron Valley … Bethel0names of places (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
135723:5i5fzrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe got rid0The word “He” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them get rid” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
135823:5p31gto Baal, to the sun and the moon, to the planets, and to all the stars0Alternate translation: “as a way to worship Baal, the sun and the moon, the planets, and all the stars”
135923:6ueh3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe brought out … and burned it … He beat it … and threw0The word “he” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them bring out … and burn it … He had them beat it … and throw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
136023:7vc4crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe cleared0The word “He” refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them clear” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
136123:7qn4wwove garments0Alternate translation: “made clothes”
136223:8rlc8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJosiah brought … and defiled … He destroyed0Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to bring … and to defile … He had them destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
136323:8uxq7rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeba … Beersheba0names of places (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
136423:8y8ljJoshua (the city governor)0“the city ruler named Joshua” or “the city leader named Joshua.” This is a different Joshua from the Joshua in the Old Testament Book of Joshua.
136523:9j64stheir brothers0Here “brothers” refers to their fellow priests who served at the temple.
136623:10yh8erc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesTopheth … Ben Hinnom0place names (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
136723:10dx37cause his son or his daughter to pass through the fire as a sacrifice to Molech0Alternate translation: “put his son or his daughter in the fire and burn them as an offering to Molech”
136823:11x7tvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe took away0It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
136923:11c4zxthe horses0This could mean: (1) real horses or (2) statues of horses.
137023:11vq7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhad given to the sun0Here “given” represents being dedicated for worship. Alternate translation: “had used to worship the sun” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137123:11b1bhrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNathan-Melek0a man’s name (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
137223:12ct7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJosiah the king destroyed … Josiah smashed … and threw0Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “Josiah the king commanded them to destroy … He had them smash … had them throw” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137323:12xs4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe kings of Judah had made … Manasseh had made0Manasseh and the kings of Judah probably commanded their workers to make these things. Alternate translation: “the kings of Judah had their workers make … Manasseh had his workers make” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137423:12dwd6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesKidron Valley0place name. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
137523:13d24crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThe king ruined0Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them ruin … He had them break … they filled” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137623:13uf9zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymySolomon the king of Israel had built0Solomon would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate translation: “Solomon the king of Israel had his workers build” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137723:14wk4zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe broke … he filled0Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate translation: “He had them break … they filled” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
137823:14kaf7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitfilled those places with the bones of human beings0“covered the ground with human bones so people could not use it as a shrine anymore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
137923:15q6gcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitJosiah also completely destroyed … He also burned … and beat … He also burned0It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
138023:16i3m8spoke of these things beforehand0Alternate translation: “had said that these things would happen”
138123:17ma41monument0marker or statue that honors a person. A tomb is one kind of monument.
138223:18wbg1So they let his bones alone, along with the bones of0Alternate translation: “So they did not touch his bones or the bones of”
138323:19fe2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitJosiah removed … He did0It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
138423:19q3bsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitthe kings of Israel had made0It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, probably the kings’ workers, might have helped the kings make these things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
138523:19g6dzwhat had been done0Alternate translation: “what he had done”
138623:20i9c6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitHe slaughtered … he burned0It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people, perhaps Hilkiah and “the priests under him” ([2 Kings 23:4](../23/04.md)), might have helped Josiah do these things. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
138723:20ub7src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe burned human bones on them0You may need to make explicit why he burned the bones. “he burned human bones on them so no one would use them again” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
138823:21f44hKeep the Passover0Alternate translation: “You must celebrate the Passover”
138923:22rbl1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveSuch a Passover celebration had never been held from the days of0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The descendants of Israel had not celebrated the Passover festival in such a great way in the time of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
139023:22qy57rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyruled Israel0The name “Israel” is a metonym for “the descendants of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
139123:22m8ftthe days of the kings of Israel or Judah0Alternate translation: “the time when the people of Israel had their own king and the people of Judah had their own king”
139223:23elp8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivethis Passover of Yahweh was celebrated0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah celebrated this Passover of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
139323:24j8zebanished … spirits0Alternate translation: “forced those … spirits to leave” or “made a law that those … spirits had to leave”
139423:24lu65those who talked with the dead or with spirits0See how you translated “those who talked with the dead and … those who talked with spirits,” in [2 Kings 21:6](../21/06.md).
139523:24b9hrfetishes0things that people wrongly believe have special power
139623:25tg6swho turned to Yahweh0Alternate translation: “who gave himself completely to Yahweh”
139723:25evf3Nor did any king like Josiah arise after him0Alternate translation: “And since then there has never been a king who was like Josiah”
139823:26p9h5Nevertheless0The writer uses this word to show that even though all of these things that Josiah did were good, Yahweh was still angry with Judah.
139923:26cls6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYahweh did not turn away from the burning of his fierce anger, which burned against0Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “Yahweh did not stop being fierce because he was angry with” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
140023:26a2wdhad done to provoke him0Alternate translation: “had done to cause him to be angry”
140123:27d6xfout of my sight0Alternate translation: “from where I am” or “from being near me”
140223:27bsh5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyMy name will be there0The name is a metonym for the honor that people should give to the person. Alternate translation: “People should worship me there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
140323:28h614rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveare they not written … Judah?0This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “you can find them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
140423:29sap6In his days, Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt0Alternate translation: “During the time of Josiah, Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt”
140523:29k8gdrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNecho … Megiddo0Necho is the name of a man. Megiddo is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
140623:31sf3prc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty-three years old0“23 years old” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
140723:31m2m9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHamutal0This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
140823:31k16lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLibnah0This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
140923:32z2g6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
141023:33e9hvrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRiblah … Hamath0These are names of places. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
141123:33aw37rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyput him in chains0Being put “in chains” represents being captured and imprisoned. Alternate translation: “put him in prison” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
141223:33iwc7fined Judah0Alternate translation: “forced the people of Judah to give him”
141323:33g4w9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoneyone hundred talents … one talent0A talent was about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “3,300 kilograms … 33 kilograms” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
141423:35i68uJehoikim taxed the land0Alternate translation: “Jehoikim collected taxes from the people who owned land”
141523:35v24zpeople of the land0This could mean: (1) “the people who lived in the land of Judah” or (2) “the richest and most powerful of those who lived in Judah.”
141623:36s72qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesZebidah0This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
141723:36gz76rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesPedaiah0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
141823:36j958rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRumah0This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
141923:37b992rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphordid what was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
142024:introabco0# 2 Kings 24 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThese last two chapters are the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### God’s punishment\nGod punished Judah because of their sin. The Babylonians conquer Jerusalem and carry away all the craftsmen, soldiers and wealthy. They make Zedekiah the king. He was not truly a king because he lacked absolute authority. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
142124:1n2cjIn Jehoiakim’s days0Alternate translation: “During the time that Jehoiakim ruled Judah”
142224:1wre8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitattacked Judah0You may need to make explicit what happened after Nebuchadnezzar attacked Judah. Alternate translation: “attacked and defeated Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
142324:2bf6xrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThis was in conformity with the word of Yahweh that had been spoken through his servants the prophets0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “This was according to the word of Yahweh that his servants the prophets had spoken” or “This was exactly what Yahweh had told his servants the prophets to say would happen” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
142424:3d357It was certainly at the mouth of Yahweh0Some versions have, “It was certainly because of the wrath of Yahweh,” which is just as good a reading of the original text. If translators have access to versions in major languages in their region, they should probably follow their choice.
142524:3nnw7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyat the mouth of Yahweh0Here “mouth” represents Yahweh’s command. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh had commanded” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
142624:3eb3lremove them out of his sight0Alternate translation: “get rid of them” or “destroy them”
142724:4bik2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyinnocent blood that he shed0Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate translation: “innocent people whom he killed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
142824:4xy8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhe filled Jerusalem with innocent blood0Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate translation: “he killed many innocent people in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
142924:5en3prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveare they not written … Judah?0This is written as a rhetorical question because at the time this was written people were already aware of this information. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. It can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are indeed written … Judah.” or “you could find them … Judah” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
143024:6nt1zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismslept with his ancestors0Sleeping is a euphemism for dying. Alternate translation: “died and was buried along with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
143124:7yjf2The king of Egypt did not attack any more out of his land0Alternate translation: “The king of Egypt did not come out of his land any more to attack other people groups”
143224:8zka9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNehushta … Elnathan0Nehushta is the name of a woman. Elnathan is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
143324:9w6b8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
143424:9gi6brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbolehe did all that his father had done0Here “all” is a generalization. It means he did the same sinful things as his father. Alternate translation: “he committed the same kinds of sins his father had committed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
143524:12ish3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitJehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers0You may need to make explicit why Jehoiachin went out to meet Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “Jehoiachin the king of Judah, with his mother, his servants, his princes, and his officers, went out to where the king of Babylon was, to surrender to him” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
143624:12k4ktThe king of Babylon captured him in the eighth year of his own reign0Alternate translation: “After the king of Babylon had been king for more than seven years, he captured Jehoiachin”
143724:13g1jxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitSolomon king of Israel had made0You might want to translate this so the reader understands that Solomon might have had others help him do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
143824:14k5cprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyHe took into exile all Jerusalem0Here “Jerusalem” is a metonym for the people who lived there. And, “all” is a generalization. It means all the most important people Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar took all the important people away from Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
143924:14bf1nthe craftsmen and the smiths0Alternate translation: “the men who knew how to make and repair things that are made from metal”
144024:14fyh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesNo one was left except the poorest people in the land0This can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Only the poorest people in the land still lived there” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
144124:16bz73rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersseven thousand … one thousand0“7,000 … 1,000” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
144224:17h6dyrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMattaniah0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
144324:18s1s8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numberstwenty-one … eleven0“21 … 11” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
144424:18qfp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesHamutal0This is a woman’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
144524:18zy1qrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesJeremiah0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
144624:18fxr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesLibnah0This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
144724:19wr7qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwhat was evil in the sight of Yahweh0The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
144825:introabcp0# 2 Kings 25 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the final defeat of Judah and the beginning of their exile to Babylon.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Zedekiah’s revolt\nZedekiah revolted against the Babylonians, so they came and completely destroyed Jerusalem. They tore down the city walls and took the rest of the people to Babylon as slaves, except the very poorest people remained.
144925:1pl4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the ninth year0(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
145025:1j1c4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the tenth month, and on the tenth day of the month0This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of December on Western calendars. This is during the cold season when there may be rain and snow. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
145125:1ty29rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymycame with all his army against Jerusalem0The name “Jerusalem” is a metonym for the people who lived in it. Alternate translation: “came with his whole army to fight against the people of Jerusalem” or “came with his whole army to conquer Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
145225:3c39xrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe ninth day of the fourth month0This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. The ninth day is near the end of June on Western calendars. This is during the dry season when there is very little or no rain. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
145325:3x5hfthe people of the land0These are the inhabitants of Jerusalem, including refugees from the surrounding villages that fled to Jerusalem when the war started.
145425:4hev4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveThen the city was broken into0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then the Babylonian army broke into the city” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
145525:4c1y1all the fighting men0Alternate translation: “all the warriors”
145625:4yt64by the way of the gate0Alternate translation: “by using the gate”
145725:4sg4rthe Chaldeans0Some translations use “Chaldeans” and others use “Babylonians.” Both terms refer to the same people group.
145825:4v6j3The king went in the direction of0Alternate translation: “King Zedekiah also fled and he went toward”
145925:5mvz1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveAll his army was scattered away from him0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “His whole army ran away from him” or “The Chaldeans chased away his whole army” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
146025:6i9b9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesRiblah0This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
146125:6r5qjpassed sentence on him0Alternate translation: “decided what they would do to punish him”
146225:7fh5src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochethey slaughtered them before his eyes0The eyes are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “they forced king Zedekiah to watch them kill his sons” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
146325:7v1marc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicithe put out his eyes0“Nebuchadnezzar put out Zedekiah’s eyes.” It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people might have helped Nebuchadnezzar do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
146425:8xvy1rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month0This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The seventh day is near the end of July on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]])
146525:8b969rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalthe nineteenth year0This is the ordinal form of the number 19. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
146625:8yy9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNebuzaradan0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
146725:10dj6iAs for all the walls around Jerusalem, all0Alternate translation: “This is what happened to all the walls around Jerusalem: all”
146825:10pp2xwho were under0Alternate translation: “who were following the orders of”
146925:11x6c3As for the rest of the people … city, those0Alternate translation: “This is what happened to the rest of the people … city: those”
147025:11xm95the rest of the people who were left in the city0Alternate translation: “the people who remained in the city”
147125:11i3y2deserted to the king0Alternate translation: “left the city and gone to be with the king”
147225:13uaq2As for the bronze pillars … Yahweh, the Chaldeans0Alternate translation: “This is what happened to the bronze pillars … Yahweh: the Chaldeans”
147325:13ph6fthe stands0This refers to the large, moveable bronze stands with bronze wheels and axles. “the moveable bronze stands” or “the bronze stands with wheels”
147425:13l5umthe bronze sea0Alternate translation: “the large bronze basin”
147525:13vyc7broke them into pieces0Alternate translation: “cut them into pieces” or “chopped them up into small pieces”
147625:14tfz8shovels0A shovel was a tool that was used to clean the altar, typically used to move big piles of dirt, sand, or ashes.
147725:14fkz8with which the priests had served in the temple0Alternate translation: “which the priests had used in the temple service”
147825:15sgl1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitThe pots for removing ashes0You may need to make explicit which ashes are spoken of. Alternate translation: “The pots that were used for removing ashes from the altar” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
147925:16j7afthe sea0“the large bronze basin.” See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:13](../25/13.md).
148025:16ser3the stands0See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:13](../25/13.md).
148125:17ak56rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistanceeighteen cubits … three cubits0A cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 8.3 meters … about 1.4 meters” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
148225:17g6qba capital of bronze0Alternate translation: “an artistic, bronze design” or “a bronze piece with designs”
148325:17c2rflatticework0This was a design made of crossed strips that looked like a net.
148425:17gr5zall made of bronze0Alternate translation: “completely made of bronze”
148525:18nm6xThe commander of the bodyguard0See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:8](../25/08.md).
148625:18p8z8rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesSeraiah0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
148725:18nq3nthe second priest0These words refer to Zephaniah. Another possible meaning is “the priest under Seraiah.”
148825:18ske8gatekeepers0See how you translated this in [2 Kings 7:10](../07/10.md).
148925:19ydp7took prisoner0Alternate translation: “captured and kept from escaping”
149025:19v5skan officer who was in charge of soldiers0Other translations may read “a eunuch who was in charge of soldiers.” A eunuch is a man whose private parts have been removed.
149125:19jax7officer responsible for drafting men into the army0This could mean: (1) the officer forced men to become soldiers or (2) the officer wrote down the names of the men who became soldiers.
149225:20qh76Nebuzaradan0This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:8](../25/08.md).
149325:20cl9dRiblah0This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 25:6](../25/06.md).
149425:21dxm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismput them to death0This is a polite way of saying “killed them.” It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people might have helped the king do this. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
149525:21b7iyIn this way, Judah went out of its land into exile0Alternate translation: “So Judah was taken into exile out of its land”
149625:21u6llrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJudah went out of its land0Judah, the name of the people group, is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah went out of their land” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
149725:22k15wrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGedaliah … Ahikam … Shaphan0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
149825:23yzs4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesIshmael … Nethaniah … Johanan … Kareah … Seraiah … Tanhumeth … Jaazaniah0These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
149925:23ww42rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesNetophathite0This refers to a person who is a descendant of a man named Netophah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
150025:23ytq9rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesMaakathite0This refers to a person who comes from a place called Maakah. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
150125:25cfc4rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsthe seventh month0This is the seventh month on the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
150225:25bt4crc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesElishama0This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
150325:26n8hsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleall the people0This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “many people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
150425:26u3mgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismfrom the least to the greatest0This is a merism that means “everyone,” which is a generalization. Alternate translation: “from the least important to the most important” or “everyone” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
150525:27y9pcrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinalin the thirty-seventh year0(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
150625:27ggr6rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonthsin the twelfth month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month0This is the twelfth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-seventh day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
150725:27wz2brc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesAwel-Marduk0This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
150825:28kh12rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymya seat more honorable than that of the other kings0Giving a good place at the dining table is a metonym for honoring him. Alternate translation: “more honor than the other kings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
150925:29e7s6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyremoved Jehoiachin’s prison clothes0The act of removing Jehoiachins’ prison clothes represents making him a free man. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
151025:29ahi6at the king’s table0Alternate translation: “with the king and his officials”
151125:30i56qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveA regular food allowance was given to him0This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The king made sure that he had a regular food allowance” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
151225:30pi4eA regular food allowance0Alternate translation: “Money to buy food”