unfoldingWord_en_tn/en_tn_20-PRO.tsv

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2PRO01introy4etProverbs 01 General Notes0# Proverbs 01 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The first chapter of proverbs begins with a type of introduction in verses 1-7. It mentions Solomon, son of David. Verse 7 contains a foundational verse for the whole book. It defines wisdom.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Parallelism<br><br>Proverbs are often written without any surrounding context and in two lines of text. Each line will have a certain relationship to the other line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])<br>
3PRO0101q6pnwriting-poetry0General Information:Verses 2-33 are poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
4PRO0102rs3p0to teach words of insightto help you understand wise teachings
5PRO0104j62d0naiveinexperienced or immature
6PRO0104wxv50discretionknowing what should be done in a particular situation
7PRO0105lrm20Let wise people listen and increase their learningLet those who are wise pay attention and learn even more
8PRO0105r7sn0let discerning people get guidancelet people who have understanding learn from these proverbs how to make good decisions
9PRO0106rcl90riddlessayings that one can understand only after thinking about them
10PRO0107r9nd0General Information:A father teaches his child.
11PRO0107ga710YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
12PRO0107l9za0fools despise wisdom and instructionthose who do not value what is wise and instructive are fools
13PRO0109h55y0wreathan woven circle made of leaves or flowers
14PRO0109l3ql0pendantsjewelry that is worn around the neck
15PRO0110y9bt0try to entice you into their sintry to persuade you to sin as they do
16PRO0111f89hfigs-hypo0If they sayHere the speaker gives an example of what sinners may try to entice someone to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
17PRO0111nvn90lie in waithide and wait for the right time
18PRO0112b8bq0General Information:Verses 12-14 end the imagined statement of the sinners who are trying to entice others to sin.
19PRO0112w4w6figs-metaphor0Let us swallow them up alive, like Sheol takes away those who are healthyThe sinners speak of murdering innocent people as if they were Sheol and they would take a living and healthy person down to the place where dead people go. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
20PRO0112jg5zfigs-personification0Let us swallow ... like Sheol takes awayThis speaks of the grave as if it were a person that swallows humans and takes them down to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
21PRO0112kea40like Sheol takes away those who are healthyThe wicked expect to destroy their victims in the same way Sheol, the place of the dead, takes away even healthy people.
22PRO0114ci4y0pursea bag for carrying money
23PRO0117g5jdfigs-metaphor0For it is useless to spread the net in the sight of any birdThis metaphor compares the wisdom of birds who avoid traps that they see to the foolishness of sinners who get caught in traps they make for themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
24PRO0120xza5figs-personification0General Information:In 1:20-1:33 Wisdom is spoken of as if it were a woman speaking to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
25PRO0122v3nj0naiveinexperienced or immature
26PRO0123v9unfigs-personification0General Information:Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
27PRO0123uv1b0Pay attentionListen carefully
28PRO0123t4c9figs-metaphor0I will pour out my thoughts to youWisdom telling the people everything she thinks about them is spoken of as if her thoughts were a liquid that she would pour out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
29PRO0123c7ci0I will make my words known to youI will tell you what I think
30PRO0126y4fk0General Information:Wisdom continues to speak, describing what happens to those who ignore her.
31PRO0126p97h0at your calamitywhen bad things happen to you
32PRO0127kd9mfigs-simile0when your fearful dread comes like a storm ... like a whirlwind ... come upon youTerrible things happening to the people is compared to a storm hitting them and causing fear and suffering. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
33PRO0127uy590whirlwinda very strong wind storm that causes damage
34PRO0128m9t9figs-personification0Wisdom continues speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
35PRO0128g5w70Then they will call upon meThen those who ignored me will cry out to me for help
36PRO0131nr9k0General Information:Verse 33 ends wisdom's statement that began in [Proverbs 1:22](../01/22.md).
37PRO0132t8af0naiveinexperienced or immature
38PRO0132cmi90indifferencea lack of interest about something
39PRO0201gj7rfigs-parallelism0General Information:A father teaches his child using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
40PRO0201wtm10if you receive my wordsif you listen to what I am teaching you
41PRO0203q192figs-idiom0raise your voiceThis is an idiom that means to speak loudly or to shout. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
42PRO0204ll3nfigs-metaphor0you seek it ... search for understandingTrying very hard to understand what is wise is spoken of as if understanding were an object for which a person must search. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
43PRO0205h49hfigs-metaphor0you will find the knowledge of GodTo succeed in knowing God is spoken of as if the knowledge of God were an object that a person finds after searching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
44PRO0207dv7k0sounddependable
45PRO0209qn9x0equityfairness
46PRO0211q2th0Discretionthe quality of being careful in actions and speech
47PRO0211dnu80watch overto guard, protect or take care of someone or something
48PRO0212vs4cfigs-metaphor0from the way of evilEvil behaviors are spoken of as if evil were a way or path on which a person walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
49PRO0213a5k8figs-metaphor0who abandon the right paths and walk in the ways of darknessA person no longer doing what is right but deciding to do what is evil is spoken of as if the person stops walking on the correct path and chooses to walk down a dark path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
50PRO0213q9by0abandonto leave and never return to someone or something
51PRO0216erj50General Information:The father continues to teach his child how wisdom will protect him.
52PRO0217c2iu0the companion of her youthThis refers to her husband, whom she married when she was young.
53PRO0217awb40the covenant of her GodThis likely refers to the marriage covenant that she made with her husband in the presence of God.
54PRO0219n7tgfigs-euphemism0go in to herThis means to go into her house to sleep with her, as one would with a prostitute. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
55PRO0220ts710SoThe writer tells the result of getting understanding and discretion.
56PRO0301p6r4figs-parallelism0General Information:The writer speaks as a father teaching his child using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
57PRO0309thp20all your produceall the food you harvest
58PRO0310y7db0storehousesbuildings or rooms where food is stored
59PRO0310vtx60your vats will be burstingyour storage containers will be extremely full, as if ready to break open.
60PRO0311f4sx0General Information:The writer writes as a father teaching his son.
61PRO0314gy740what silver will give in returnThis refers to the profit that one can make from trading or investing silver.
62PRO0315y2ylfigs-personification0General Information:The author speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
63PRO0315vxz80more preciousmore valuable
64PRO0318ka8x0those who hold on to itthose who hold on to its fruit
65PRO0320b6d20dewwater that forms on the ground at night
66PRO0327sqz50when it is in your power to actwhen you are able to help
67PRO0332eu7k0the devious person is detestable to YahwehYahweh detests the devious person
68PRO0332n8ed0the devious personthe person who is dishonest or deceitful
69PRO0401hqv10General Information:The writer speaks as a father teaching his children.
70PRO0401zck60pay attentionlisten carefully
71PRO0402paf30I am giving you good instructionsWhat I am teaching you is good
72PRO0405rat90General Information:The father continues to teach his children what his father taught him.
73PRO0405fb3y0do not forgetremember
74PRO0405m3uv0do not rejectaccept
75PRO0406zc73figs-personification0do not abandon wisdom and she will watch over you; love her and she will keep you safeThe writer speaks of wisdom as if it were a woman who protects the person who is faithful to her. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
76PRO0406h75g0love herlove wisdom
77PRO0407zu2p0General Information:The father finishes teaching his children what his father taught him.
78PRO0407guq50spend all you own so you can get understandingvalue understanding more than all you own
79PRO0408x13z0Cherishto feel or show great love for someone or something
80PRO0409beu80wreatha woven circle made of leaves or flowers
81PRO0410p1f40pay attention to my wordslisten carefully to what I teach you
82PRO0410l7bx0you will have many years in your lifeyou will live many years
83PRO0415cr8d0Avoid itAvoid the path of the wicked
84PRO0416n1jzfigs-hyperbole0they cannot sleep until they do evilThey probably could literally sleep, but the writer uses an exaggeration to express how intensely they desire to commit evil actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
85PRO0418i5k70the first lightThis refers to the dawn or sunrise.
86PRO0420w8jd0pay attentionlisten carefully
87PRO0423klv30with all diligencewith constant and earnest effort
88PRO0501vi270General Information:The writer speaks as a father teaching his children.
89PRO0502cei40discretionDiscretion is the quality of being careful with regard to one's actions and speech. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 1:4](../01/04.md).
90PRO0504m3sn0wormwooda plant that tastes bitter
91PRO0507dwp80NowHere the teacher shifts from warning about the adulteress to giving advice.
92PRO0507ry9ifigs-parallelism0listen to me ... do not turn away from listeningThese two phrases express the same idea to make the student pay attention. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
93PRO0509yb9a0a cruel personThis may refer to the husband of the adulteress, who will deal cruelly with the person who sleeps with her.
94PRO0512x4difigs-parallelism0I hated instruction ... my heart despised correctionThese two phrases express the same idea and emphasize how much this person disliked what the teacher had said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
95PRO0514he4cfigs-parallelism0in the midst of the assembly, among the gathering of the peopleThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and refer to the person's community that has gathered together either 1) to worship God or 2) to judge him for his offense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
96PRO0515f76jfigs-parallelism0water from your own cistern ... running water from your own wellThese two phrases mean basically the same thing. The writer speaks of a man sleeping only with his wife as if he drank water only from his own cistern or well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
97PRO0516ss2w0public squaresOpen areas in a city or town where two or more streets meet. A common place for people to meet each other and talk.
98PRO0517s9wf0not for strangers with youdo not share them with strangers
99PRO0521jh86figs-parallelism0sees everything ... watches all the pathsThese two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God knows everything that everyone does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
100PRO0523n1a70by his great foolishnessbecause he is very foolish
101PRO0601z2560a guarantee for your neighbor's loanPossible meanings are 1) your neighbor may come to you to ask for a loan or 2) your neighbor wants to take out a loan from someone else, but you promise to pay the lender back if your neighbor cannot.
102PRO0603mzx90neighborfriend
103PRO0605xjb30Save yourself like a gazelle from the hand of the hunterEscape from your neighbor like a gazelle that flees from a hunter
104PRO0605lcv30gazelleThis is a big, lean animal that eats grass and that people often hunt for meat. It is famous for running away quickly.
105PRO0605fn1g0like a bird from the hand of the fowlerand escape like a bird that flies away from a bird-hunter
106PRO0606xh1r0antAn ant is a small insect that lives underground or in a self-built hill. They usually live in groups of thousands, and they can lift things that are much bigger than they are.
107PRO0607tmb7figs-doublet0commander, officer, or rulerThese three words mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasized that no one has formal authority over an individual ant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
108PRO0608w9jcfigs-parallelism0it prepares its food in the summer ... during the harvest it stores up what it will eatThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to show how responsible the ant is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
109PRO0608c8we0summerSummer is the time of the year when some trees bear their fruit.
110PRO0610q6ab0A little sleep ... of the hands to restThese are the kinds of things that lazy people say.
111PRO0613b2zu0winking his eyes, making signals with his feet and pointing with his fingersAll three of these phrases describe a way in which the evil person communicates secretly to deceive other people.
112PRO0613kq860winking his eyesIf someone winks, he closes one eye very briefly as a secret signal to another person. This might be a sign of trust, of approval, or of something else.
113PRO0615n8uw0ThereforeFor that reason
114PRO0615j5gd0his disasterThis refers to the disaster that will happen to him, but also the disaster that he himself caused.
115PRO0617zib9Connecting Statement:0This is the list of things that Yahweh hates that was introduced in [Proverbs 6:16](./16.md).
116PRO0618ex5v0wicked schemesevil plans
117PRO0619r9n10discordSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 6:14](../06/14.md).
118PRO0621qz2zfigs-metaphor0bind them on your heart; tie them about your neckThese two phrases mean basically the same thing. They describe the commands and instructions as if they are written down so that you can put it in or on your body to remind yourself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
119PRO0622r61qfigs-parallelism0When you walk ... when you sleep ... when you wake upThese three phrases are used together to emphasize that the lessons are valuable all the time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
120PRO0622hw2rfigs-parallelism0they will guide you ... they will watch over you ... they will teach youThe repetition of these phrases is to show that the lessons are valuable for all sorts of things. It also speaks of those lessons as if they were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
121PRO0623u5p1figs-parallelism0the commands ... the teaching ... the corrections that come by instructionThese three phrases mean basically the same thing, and together they show the various types of lessons a father and a mother teach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
122PRO0624sw140immoralmorally evil
123PRO0625f4km0capture yougain control over you
124PRO0626k5fu0may cost you your very lifePossible meanings are 1) the wife of another man will destroy your life because she always wants more or 2) the husband of the other woman will hunt you down and kill you.
125PRO0627pt18figs-metonymy0his clothesHis clothes stand for him as a whole person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
126PRO0628tw8hfigs-metaphor0walk on hot coalsThis stands for committing adultery. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
127PRO0628fy6m0walkThat is to slowly walk a long distance, without using tricks or magic.
128PRO0628kf2l0scorchingburning
129PRO0633m2lu0what he deservesthe appropriate punishment for what he has done
130PRO0634lyk40furiousvery angry
131PRO0634tk3n0takes his revengeIf a person takes revenge, it is to cause hurt to the person who hurt him first.
132PRO0635b2ym0compensationpayment by one who does wrong to the person to whom he has done wrong
133PRO0635pc8x0off, thoughoff. This will be true even if
134PRO0703g5jvfigs-metaphor0Tie them on your fingersPossible meanings are 1) that the writer wanted his son to engrave certain commands from God on a ring and wear it, or 2) that the writer wanted his son to always remember God's commands, as if he always wore a certain ring. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
135PRO0705y9gh0the immoral womanThis refers to any woman who is not known to a man.
136PRO0706v7n10latticea covering over a window made of thin strips of wood that cross one another in a slanted pattern that forms square-shaped openings in the pattern
137PRO0707ie510naiveinexperienced or immature
138PRO0708v7v40cornerThis refers to where two roads meet.
139PRO0709zn5n0twilightthe time of day when it is getting darker and about to become night
140PRO0711vkd80She was loud and waywardShe talked loudly and acted in the ways she wished to
141PRO0713l1ic0shethe woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 7:10](./10.md)
142PRO0713sa2m0grabbed himtook hold of him firmly
143PRO0717g7k40sprinkled my bed withscattered on my bed
144PRO0717ibk70aloesA type of wood from a tree that smells good.
145PRO0717q1mx0cinnamonThis is a spice made from the bark of a tree that smells and tastes good.
146PRO0719vc420is not at his houseis not at home
147PRO0720zw960full moonThe moon is said to be full when it is a perfectly round disk, shining at its brightest.
148PRO0722tal5figs-simile0like an ox going to slaughter ... a deer caught in a trapThe naive and unsuspecting way the young man follows the adulteress is compared to the way two animals are unaware of the danger they are in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
149PRO0722pk4m0slaughterThis refers to killing an animal in order to eat its meat.
150PRO0722qrn60deerSee how you translated this word in [Proverbs 5:19](../05/19.md).
151PRO0723r6zrfigs-simile0like a bird rushing into a snareThe naive and unsuspecting way the young man follows the adulteress is compared to the way an animal is unaware of the danger he is in. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
152PRO0723i4e60liverHere this organ represents a very important part of the deer's body.
153PRO0724wen30NowThis is to focus the attention of the speaker's sons on the conclusion of this lesson.
154PRO0727ry42figs-parallelism0on the paths to Sheol ... down to the dark bedrooms of deathThese two phrases basically mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize that the woman's victims will be destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
155PRO0727prr1figs-metaphor0the dark bedrooms of deathThis expression pictures the dead as sleeping in many different rooms in Sheol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
156PRO0801qsc7figs-personification0General Information:In chapter 8 wisdom is spoken of as a woman who teaches people how to be wise. Many verses in chapter 8 have parallelisms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
157PRO0801k4ug0raise her voicespeak
158PRO0803z73y0the gates at the entrance into the cityIn ancient times, cities usually had outer walls with gates in them.
159PRO0803nkc9figs-personification0she calls outThis continues to refer to Wisdom, personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
160PRO0804gv2w0General Information:Wisdom speaks to the people in verses 4-36.
161PRO0805er9q0naiveinexperienced or immature
162PRO0805bg5r0you must get an understanding mindyou must begin to understand things with your mind
163PRO0806a3zk0uprightproper or just
164PRO0807f6mp0what is trustworthywhat people should believe
165PRO0809nn5r0straighthonest and clear
166PRO0809f1c20uprighttrue and honest
167PRO0810w8ks0Acquire my instruction rather than silverYou should try much harder to understand my instructions than to get silver
168PRO0812mj24figs-personification0I, Wisdom, live with PrudencePrudence is also represented here as a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
169PRO0812b8xj0Prudencecaution or good judgment
170PRO0812xcu80discretionbeing careful about what we say and do; being cautious not to cause hurt or harm to others
171PRO0813rf210perverted speechwicked talk
172PRO0813gp8g0pervertedturned from what is right
173PRO0814cnc20good advicewise suggestions
174PRO0814guc90advicecounsel that is given to help someone
175PRO0814sne90soundgood, reliable
176PRO0816hg7e0noblesnoblemen, leading members of important families in the nation
177PRO0817xz9h0loveThis refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is natural human love between friends or relatives.
178PRO0817e3jr0diligentlywith careful and continued effort
179PRO0818k7hf0With me are riches and honorI have riches and honor
180PRO0818q4810righteousnessthe ability to live in a right way
181PRO0819eyc20My fruitwhat wisdom produces or causes
182PRO0819rqy30my producethe benefit or gain that wisdom causes
183PRO0821mg4qfigs-metaphor0treasuriesstorehouses for valuable things. Wisdom is spoken of as a woman who fills the storehouses of her followers with valuable things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
184PRO0822xu3p0the first of his deeds thenI was the first of the things he created then
185PRO0823mh2d0In ages long agoVery long ago
186PRO0824ii7efigs-personification0General Information:Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
187PRO0826z5y4figs-personification0I was bornThis is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
188PRO0826asn50was bornI was alive
189PRO0827nk15figs-personification0I was thereThis is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
190PRO0827ae6e0the deepthe ocean
191PRO0828q6zzfigs-personification0General Information:Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
192PRO0828wnj80establishedbrought into permanent being
193PRO0828zv8f0the springs in the deepThe ancient Hebrews thought that the ocean got its water from springs at the bottom of the sea.
194PRO0830ph2ffigs-personification0I was beside himThis is still wisdom speaking. Wisdom now says she was right next to Yahweh, implying that she was his assistant in creating the world. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
195PRO0830ky7x0skilled craftsmanThis is a person who has trained for years to make useful things very well, like furniture or houses.
196PRO0832ly1a0NowThis is to focus the attention of the children to the conclusion of this lesson.
197PRO0832hwt3figs-personification0listen to meThis is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
198PRO0835z6lmfigs-personification0finds meThis is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
199PRO0836hfn9figs-personification0hate meThis is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
200PRO0901m12afigs-personification0General Information:These verses begin a parable in which wisdom is imagined to be a woman who is giving good advice to people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
201PRO0901s64dfigs-personification0Wisdom has builtThe writer speaks about wisdom as if it were a woman who has built her own house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
202PRO0902h2zm0she has set her tableshe has prepared her table
203PRO0903p6e2figs-personification0General Information:These verses begin to give the message of Wisdom, who is personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
204PRO0903akl30She has sent out her maidsThese maids went out and invited people to come to the feast that Wisdom had prepared.
205PRO0903ugn50her maidsYoung women or girls who are in the service of a respectable, adult woman, such as Wisdom.
206PRO0903x7980the highest points of the cityThe invitation is shouted from the highest points so that it will be best heard by all the people.
207PRO0904dj7m0is naiveis inexperienced or immature
208PRO0904s4da0turn aside hereleave his path and come into my house
209PRO0905h6ck0General Information:These verses continue the message of Wisdom.
210PRO0905n3eufigs-you0Come ... eat ... drinkAll of these commands are plural; Wisdom is addressing many people at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
211PRO0906b9mafigs-you0Leave ... live ... walkAll of these commands are plural; Wisdom is addressing many people at the same time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
212PRO0906f53k0naive actionsinexperienced, immature actions
213PRO0907x5sc0General Information:These verses continue the message of Wisdom.
214PRO0907vif7figs-parallelism0Whoever disciplines ... whoever rebukesThese two phrases basically say the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
215PRO0907m22a0receives abusereceives harsh treatment
216PRO0907g88g0whoever rebukeswhoever corrects
217PRO0908fpc40Do not reproveDo not correct
218PRO0909y95jfigs-parallelism0Give to a wise person ... teach a righteous personThese two phrases basically say the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
219PRO0909n1f2figs-explicit0Give to a wise personThis refers to giving instruction to a wise person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
220PRO0910s7rg0General Information:These verses finish the message of Wisdom.
221PRO0910l6yl0The fear of YahwehSee how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 1:7](../01/07.md).
222PRO0911wpx5figs-personification0through meWisdom, personified as a woman, continues to speak here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
223PRO0911rk9cfigs-parallelism0your days will be multiplied, and years of life will be added to youThese two phrases basically mean the same thing and are used to emphasize the great benefits wisdom has. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
224PRO0912z3ez0If you are wise ... and if you mockThese two statements seem to mean that wise people gain advantages for themselves because of their wisdom, and mockers suffer because of their behavior.
225PRO0912zei6figs-metaphor0you will carry itThis speaks of the consequence of one's bad behavior as if it were a heavy load that one had to carry on his back. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
226PRO0913q38dfigs-personification0General Information:These verses begin to describe foolishness, which is also personified as a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
227PRO0916ck1n0is naiveis inexperienced or immature
228PRO0916rs920turn aside hereleave his path and come here
229PRO0916zyq40she saysThis is the foolish woman who was introduced in [Proverbs 9:13](./13.md).
230PRO0918kg4h0that the dead are therethat the men who have gone to her are now dead
231PRO10introfhy5Proverbs 10 General Notes0# Proverbs 10 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 10 starts a new section of the book, which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, and wicked/righteous. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
232PRO1001i2ybfigs-parallelism0General Information:Many verses in Chapter 10 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
233PRO1001tab70The proverbs of SolomonAfter the introduction of Chapters 1-9, Chapter 10 begins the collection of the proverbs; short sayings that teach wisdom.
234PRO1002ffz80accumulatedacquired over time
235PRO1006k4dp0covers uphides the truth
236PRO1009ps6l0crookednot straight; deformed; dishonest; deceitful
237PRO1011h2nyfigs-metaphor0is a water spring of lifeThis person's speech is spoken of as if it preserved living animals or people, as a water spring would do in a dry land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
238PRO1011bz8gfigs-metaphor0the mouth of the wicked covers up violenceThat is, the wicked person appears to say harmless things, but plans to violent things against other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
239PRO1012ph1afigs-personification0love covers overLove acts like a person who quiets trouble between people instead of stirring it up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
240PRO1016im19figs-metaphor0The wage ... the profitThese terms normally refer to the money a worker earns. Here they represents the results of either doing what is right or doing what is wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
241PRO1017k6n30There is a path to life for the one who follows disciplineThe person who obeys wise instruction will have a long and happy life
242PRO1021kp6k0nourishcause them to develop or grow stronger
243PRO1024xai50overtakeovercome someone
244PRO1025ci43figs-simile0The wicked are like the stormJust as storm comes and sweeps everything away so wicked people will disappear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
245PRO1026i1xh0vinegara sour liquid used to flavor or preserve foods
246PRO11introuk6vProverbs 11 General Notes0# Proverbs 11 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 11 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
247PRO1101hzq7figs-parallelism0General Information:Many verses in Chapter 11 are contrasting parallelisms (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
248PRO1105lc4r0makes his way straighthas clear direction
249PRO1106b5vy0the treacherous are trapped by their cravingsthose who do evil are captured by their passions
250PRO1106rhq70treacherousready to betray trust; traitorous; deceptive
251PRO1107dz8x0the hope that was in his strengththe confidence he has in his own power
252PRO1107zn330comes to nothingdisappears
253PRO1108u8730it comestrouble comes
254PRO1114a9wq0advisorsthose who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors
255PRO1115j2ce0one who hates givingone who refuses to give
256PRO1116bvh90ruthless peoplepeople without pity or compassion; cruel people
257PRO1116h7rd0grasp for wealthare greedy for wealth
258PRO1117dxp90one whoa person who
259PRO1119ibb60the one whothe person who
260PRO1122y2mefigs-simile0Like a gold ring ... without discretionA beautiful woman without discretion is compared to a useless and unsuitable golden ring in a pig's nose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
261PRO1124gmp80will accumulate even morewill gain even more
262PRO1124p1q70withholds what he should giveThis refers to a person who thinks that he can become rich by refusing to be generous.
263PRO1125q9vb0will prosperwill gain more
264PRO1126eb690the man who refuses to sellThis describes the person who hoards his wealth instead of helping those in need.
265PRO1127k6ug0The one who diligently seeksthe one who seeks with careful and continued effort
266PRO1128mf6v0righteous people will flourishThis means that righteous people will thrive or prosper.
267PRO1130hlz70tree of lifeSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:18](../03/18.md).
268PRO1131s8p90how much moreeven more so
269PRO12introx2lgProverbs 12 General Notes0# Proverbs 12 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 12 continues the section of the book (Chapter 10-22) which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often using contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility and integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
270PRO1201ktr2figs-parallelism0General Information:The author uses [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] throughout this chapter. Verses 1-15 contrast wisdom and foolishness.
271PRO1201r7h60WhoeverAny person who
272PRO1201tz7m0the one who hates correctionthe person who does not want to be told what to do
273PRO1206n6s70the words of the upright keep them safethe advice from an upright person keeps people safe
274PRO1210uxx40is cruelcauses suffering
275PRO1212b6y10the fruitThis refers to a person's actions and thoughts. Just as fruit on a tree shows what kind of tree it is, in the same way a person's words and actions reveal what his character is like.
276PRO1215wlp90advicewise suggestions
277PRO1218mpg60brings healingcomforts and heals
278PRO1220xs9w0advisorsthose who give recommendations as a guide to action; counselors
279PRO1223qi9m0conceals his knowledgedoes not tell everything he knows
280PRO1225qts20Anxietyuneasy feeling of fear or dread, worry
281PRO1227vz9v0precious wealthvaluable treasure
282PRO13intronh7kProverbs 13 General Notes0# Proverbs 13 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 13 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
283PRO1302w8830the appetitethe desire or liking for something
284PRO1304c7yc0The appetite ... the appetiteSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 13:2](../13/02.md).
285PRO1304z2sk0craves but gets nothingstrongly desires but gets nothing
286PRO1304z1wm0diligent peoplepeople who work with careful and continued effort
287PRO1305i9t20repugnantcausing a strong feeling of disgust
288PRO1307z16h0who enriches himselfwho makes himself rich
289PRO1310c8hy0Pride only breeds conflictPride always causes conflict
290PRO1310ujq30good advicesuggestions that are helpful and profitable
291PRO1319fv8k0the appetitethe desire or liking for something
292PRO1324jp8a0is careful to instruct himmakes sure to instruct him
293PRO14introgbj2Proverbs 14 General Notes0# Proverbs 14 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 14 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
294PRO1401tv3l0housePossible meanings are 1) this may refer to her actual house, that is the building she lives in or 2) this may refer to her family.
295PRO1402qgn40The one who ... the one whoThe person who ... the person who
296PRO1403a16nfigs-metonymy0the mouth of ... the lips ofThe mouth and the lips both refer to what a person says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
297PRO1404e3k80an abundant cropa good harvest
298PRO1408e2qn0the prudenta person who has good judgment or sense
299PRO1408vug20the folly of fools is deceptionThe foolishness of fools is that they think they are wise, when they are not.
300PRO1410y94d0no strangerthose who do not know him
301PRO1414a8j90The one whoThe person who
302PRO1415i5580naiveinexperienced or immature
303PRO1416dy6s0confidently dismissesboldly ignores
304PRO1417yez80is quick to become angrybecomes angry quickly
305PRO1418j5kv0naiveinexperienced or immature
306PRO1418rq9a0prudent peoplewise people
307PRO1419b4i8translate-symaction0bow downThis means to bend over to humbly express respect and submission toward someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
308PRO1421fy3m0The one ... the oneThe person ... the person
309PRO1421d4gp0the poorpoor people
310PRO1424u3bw0the folly of foolsSee how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 14:8](../14/08.md).
311PRO1428vxf70the great number of his peoplehow many people he rules
312PRO1428yp940the prince is ruinedthe prince has nothing and his kingdom will fall
313PRO1429n61r0the quick-tempereda person who is quick to become angry
314PRO1431k67r0The one who ... the one whoThe person who ... the person who
315PRO1431b6nz0cursesThis means to express a desire that bad things will happen to someone.
316PRO1431xhv20the poor ... the needya poor person ... a needy person
317PRO1433t41l0the discerninga discerning person
318PRO1435vi560the one whothe servant who
319PRO15introl872Proverbs 15 General Notes0# Proverbs 15 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 15 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
320PRO1505x86t0is prudentis wise
321PRO1508a5ry0upright peoplepeople who live rightly
322PRO1508fci90is his delightpleases him
323PRO1515r1yn0All the days of oppressed people are miserableOppressed people are miserable all of their days
324PRO1515m9lg0an unending feasta feast that never ends
325PRO1516iix30with confusionwith anxiety
326PRO1519zqz8figs-metaphor0the path of the upright is a built-up highwayThe writer speaks of the blessings that upright people experience in life as if they were walking on a smooth road. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
327PRO1519c95z0built-up highwayThis is a road that is wide, flat, and without obstacles or potholes.
328PRO1522p1yb0Plans go wrongPlans fail
329PRO1522et1u0where there is no advicewhen there is no one to give advice
330PRO1522re1s0advisorspeople who give recommendations as a guide to action
331PRO1522q31z0they succeedplans succeed
332PRO1524b9kbfigs-metaphor0The path of life leads upward ... from Sheol beneathThe writer speaks of a lifestyle that results in life as if it were a path that goes upward towards life and of a lifestyle that results in death as if it were a path that leads down to the place of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
333PRO1525h2dgfigs-synecdoche0houseThis is a synecdoche for the person's household, property, and wealth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
334PRO1531vet30you will remain among wise peoplePossible meanings are 1) people will continue to consider you to be a wise person or 2) you will continue to enjoy the company of wise people.
335PRO1533t56g0The fear of YahwehSee how you translated this phrase in [Proverbs 1:7](../01/07.md).
336PRO1533w2h20humility comes before honorThis means that a person must first learn humility before Yahweh will honor him.
337PRO16intromu2uProverbs 16 General Notes0# Proverbs 16 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 16 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### King and royalty<br><br>Some of these proverbs mention a king. As in other cases, this is intended to apply to all rulers.<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
338PRO1601hf8afigs-metaphor0from Yahweh comes the answer from his tonguePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh speaks his answer to a person's plans, which is a metaphor meaning that Yahweh determines the outcome of that person's plans or 2) Yahweh enables a person to speak words about the plans that he has made. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
339PRO1607i6tc0he makesYahweh makes
340PRO1608u9920a large incomeearning a lot of money
341PRO1608a4dx0with injusticewith wrongdoing
342PRO1609y8rtfigs-metaphor0Yahweh directs his stepsThe writer speaks of Yahweh determining the outcome of a person's plans as if Yahweh were telling that person where to walk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
343PRO1611hb1ifigs-explicit0Honest scales come from YahwehYahweh requires justice and fairness when doing business. Dishonest people used heavier or lighter weights in their scales in order to gain more when buying or selling. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
344PRO1611c4kd0all the weights in the bag are his workMerchants carried their weights in bags. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh has determined how much every weight must weigh or 2) Yahweh is concerned with every weight that a merchant uses.
345PRO1615av7j0General Information:Verse 15 contrasts with verse 14.
346PRO1615a5n5figs-simile0his favor is like a cloud that brings a spring rainThe writer compares the king showing favor towards someone with a cloud that brings rain to make crops grow. Both promise blessing to those who receive them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
347PRO1619s4fk0spoilgoods taken in battle
348PRO1627q5zk0mischieftrouble
349PRO1628x2b50a gossipa person who gossips or spreads rumors
350PRO1630wy6w0will bring evil to passwill do evil things
351PRO1633js5x0the decision is from YahwehPossible meanings are 1) Yahweh decides how the lots will land or 2) it is not the lots, but Yahweh who determines what will happen.
352PRO17introbr3vProverbs 17 General Notes0# Proverbs 17 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 17 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
353PRO1703fi3n0cruciblea pot in which metals are melted at a very high temperature
354PRO1709nk6k0an offensean action or word that has hurt him
355PRO1710hy6y0a hundred blows goa beating of a hundred blows goes
356PRO1715z95a0acquitsjustifies, declares someone not guilty
357PRO1718f3yd0no senseno good judgement
358PRO1718r6wn0binding promisesThis refers to promises that must be kept and are often a burden on the person who made them.
359PRO1725t9yj0who bore himwho gave birth to him
360PRO1725lm5j0bitternessemotional pain, sorrow
361PRO1726s7mg0flogwhip severely
362PRO18introk5qzProverbs 18 General Notes0# Proverbs 18 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 18 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
363PRO1801n34r0isolates himselfkeeps away from other people
364PRO1806w2xd0bringcause
365PRO1807v6hu0is his ruinwill ruin him
366PRO1808lms40morselssmall bites of food
367PRO1811tz4b0fortified citya city with strong defenses like walls and towers
368PRO1812r28e0Before his downfall a person's heart is proudFirst a person's heart is proud, but then comes his downfall
369PRO1812uet10downfallThis refers to a significant decline in a person's reputation or health.
370PRO1818qs890Casting the lotCasting lots
371PRO1819ef130castlea fortified palace
372PRO1820x66t0he is satisfiedhe is pleased
373PRO19intronbz8Proverbs 19 General Notes0# Proverbs 19 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 19 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
374PRO1901ev8n0Better is a poor personIt is better to be a poor person
375PRO1906gms60a generous personsomeone who often gives away things
376PRO1908v9e90keeps understandinghas understanding
377PRO1910f4zn0It is not fittingIt is not right
378PRO1911ah270Discretion makes a person slow to angerA person who has discretion is slow to become angry
379PRO1911j1li0DiscretionThis means to know what should be done in a particular situation. See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 1:4](../01/04.md).
380PRO1911gc210to overlookto forget on purpose
381PRO1913v3250is ruin to his fatherwill ruin a father
382PRO1914csr40prudentSee how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md).
383PRO1916xr2k0the commandthe command that he was taught
384PRO1916v2yl0guards his lifeprotects his life
385PRO1920gby8figs-parallelism0Listen to advice and accept instructionThese two phrases mean basically the same and are repeated to emphasize how important it is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
386PRO1924wf2e0sluggardSee how you translated this word in [Proverbs 10:26](../10/26.md).
387PRO1925svj30Strike a mocker, and the naive personIf you strike a mocker, the naive person
388PRO1925k69j0Strike a mockerPunish a mocker
389PRO1925v49d0prudentSee how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md).
390PRO1925m3910discipline one who is discerning, andif you discipline one who is discerning,
391PRO1927y3ln0the words of knowledgeknowledge
392PRO1929r21d0floggingbeating with a whip or stick
393PRO20introe8g2Proverbs 20 General Notes0# Proverbs 20 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 20 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
394PRO2001p893figs-parallelism0Wine is a mocker and strong drink is a brawlerThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize the danger of too much alcohol. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
395PRO2001c6m70a brawlera person who fights noisily, usually in a public place
396PRO2002xa6x0makes him angrymakes the king angry
397PRO2004cva30plowto prepare land for planting
398PRO2004tdr60in autumnduring the season for planting crops
399PRO2005qr3j0someone with understandinga person who has understanding
400PRO2009d5hxfigs-metaphor0cleanA person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person where physically clean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
401PRO2011m4db0whether his conduct is pure and uprightwhether his conduct is pure and upright or not
402PRO2017fz1i0tastes sweettastes good
403PRO2017du9w0gravelsmall pieces of rock
404PRO2019i4ch0A gossipThis means someone who gossips a lot.
405PRO2019i2mb0you should not associate withyou should not be friends with
406PRO2020v9ff0If a person cursesThis means if a someone express a desire that bad things will happen to someone else.
407PRO2020a13a0snuffed outto cause a flame to go out
408PRO2023x2rcfigs-parallelism0Yahweh hates unequal weights and dishonest scales are not goodThese two phrases basically mean the same thing and are combined to emphasize how bad this is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
409PRO2025x37x0to say rashlyto say something quickly and without careful consideration of what it might mean
410PRO2028dyd60preserve the kingkeep the king safe from harm
411PRO21introge8sProverbs 21 General Notes0# Proverbs 21 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 21 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
412PRO2103qs6t0To do what is rightTo do what Yahweh thinks is right
413PRO2103ezq60To do what is ... justTo treat people the way Yahweh wants people to treat other people
414PRO2103f31f0just is more acceptable to Yahwehjust—Yahweh wants this more
415PRO2104xvr4figs-synecdoche0Haughty eyesThis is a synecdoche for a person who wants others to know that he thinks he is better than they are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
416PRO2104gk4sfigs-synecdoche0proud heartThis is a synecdoche for a person who thinks he is better than others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
417PRO2106vsi80Acquiring richesGaining wealth
418PRO2107zn7hfigs-personification0The violence of the wicked will drag them awayThe writer speaks as though violence were a person who could drag other people away. God will punish wicked people who harm their innocent neighbors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
419PRO2109gff3figs-explicit0a corner of the roofHouses in those days had flat roofs. Ancient Israelites spent much time on their roofs, where it was often cooler than inside the house, and sometimes people would build a shelter large enough for a person to sleep in on one corner of the roof. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
420PRO2109j9e10quarrelsome wifewife who often argues and complains
421PRO2110a2dz0cravesdesires strongly
422PRO2111a6a50the mockerthe person who mocks others
423PRO2111ylu9figs-metaphor0lays hold of knowledgeHere knowledge is spoken of as if it were an object that someone could grasp and keep for himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
424PRO2114h1vz0appeases angermakes an angry person feel better so he is no longer angry
425PRO2116t6m20he will rest in the assembly of the deadhe will remain in the assembly of dead spirits
426PRO2118qt7k0the treacherousa person who harms those who trust him by lying and otherwise dealing falsely
427PRO2122d84j0scales the cityclimbs up and over the wall that surrounds the city
428PRO2122w2920the stronghold in which they trustedthe walls and towers around the city that they did not think anyone would be able to get past into the city, so they felt safe
429PRO2124c77j0The proud and haughty person ... acts with arrogant prideYou can expect a proud and haughty people to act with arrogant pride
430PRO2124m76afigs-doublet0proud and haughtyThese two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how prideful the person is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
431PRO2126vgt60cravesdesires strongly
432PRO2127fq9a0The sacrifice of the wicked is detestableThe writer does not mention Yahweh here, as in [Proverbs 15:8](../15/08.md), but the reader should understand that it is Yahweh who detests the sacrifice of the wicked.
433PRO2127iy310it is even more detestableYahweh detests the sacrifice even more
434PRO2128h8d40will speak for all timeThis is because people will never forget what he said.
435PRO2201m8c70A good nameTo have others think that one is a good person
436PRO2203cm2a0the naivethe inexperienced and immature
437PRO2205r2h10snarestraps to catch animals
438PRO2209vs46figs-metonymy0breadSince bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, it is often used to refer to food in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
439PRO2211tlq40is graciousis kind
440PRO2212zw3l0he overthrowshe destroys
441PRO2213jg670The lazy person saysThe quote that follows is a lie and an excuse for not working. If your language introduces false statements in a special way, you can use that here.
442PRO2214xrc50an adulteressSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 5:3](../05/03.md).
443PRO2215fuj40Foolishness is bound up in the heart of a childThe heart of a child is full of foolish things
444PRO2215j283figs-metonymy0the rod of disciplineThe writer speaks of a parent using any form of discipline as if that parent were hitting the child with a wooden rod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
445PRO2216fm7f0gives to rich peoplegives money to rich people
446PRO2217nnv40General Information:Verse 17 begins the introduction to a new section of the Book of Proverbs.
447PRO2217l38x0the words of the wisewhat wise people say
448PRO2220bb5s0General Information:These verses continue and end the introduction that began in [Proverbs 22:17](./17.md).
449PRO2221l5jf0to those who sent youThis implies that the hearer is or will be one whom others send to gain and bring back information.
450PRO2222aq5t0Do not rob ... or crushIf your language has a way of showing that this is the way one person would speak strongly to another, different from a general rule that people are supposed to obey, you should use it here.
451PRO2224w16mfigs-metaphor0someone who is ruled by angersomeone who is unable to control his anger (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
452PRO2224cc8z0ragesshows violent anger
453PRO2226rnd60strikes handsA person would strike his hand against another person's hand to bind himself to do what he had agreed to do. Here the speaker warns the hearer not to strike hands as a way to promise to pay off someone's debts.
454PRO2226wt7u0in making a pledgeand agree to pay what someone owes to another person
455PRO2228g63s0ancientvery old
456PRO2228djq50boundary stonea large stone that shows where one person's land ends and another person's land begins
457PRO2228j4id0fathersancestors
458PRO2229e6iifigs-metonymy0stand beforeThis represents becoming a servant of the important person. Kings and other important people will think so highly of him that they will use his services. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
459PRO23introeva7Proverbs 23 General Notes0# Proverbs 23 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 23 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter of the book and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>The second half of this chapter and the first half of the next chapter are attributed to general sayings.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
460PRO2303zkz50his delicacieshis special and expensive food
461PRO2304wh190Do not work too hardDo not work so much that you are always tired
462PRO2305n9hdfigs-metaphor0light upon itland like a bird upon the wealth (verse 4). This is a metaphor for looking at the wealth for a short time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
463PRO2305ryq40wings like an eaglewings like an eagle's wings
464PRO2310iha40ancientvery old. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:28](../22/28.md).
465PRO2310de8r0boundary stoneThis is a large stone to show where one person's land ends and another person's land begins. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:28](../22/28.md).
466PRO2310a9cb0encroachThis means to slowly take or begin to use land (or some thing) that belongs to someone else.
467PRO2310n6i10orphanschildren whose parents are dead
468PRO2311p1uf0their RedeemerYahweh
469PRO2312gn450to words of knowledgeto me when I tell you what I know
470PRO2313r8dq0withholdrefuse to give something that one knows another person needs
471PRO2314jx2r0rodpiece of wood
472PRO2324b6a90will be glad in himwill be glad because of him
473PRO2327i17l0prostituteHere the word refers to any unmarried woman who engages in sexual activity, not only those who do so for money.
474PRO2327ezr30wella hole in the ground that people have dug to get to water
475PRO2328x4yu0lies in waitstays hidden, ready to attack when a victim approaches
476PRO2329yw3q0bloodshot eyeseyes red, like the color of blood
477PRO2330kqg70Those who linger over wine, those who try the mixed wineThese words answer the questions in verse 29 and describe people who drink too much wine.
478PRO2330g2tpfigs-euphemism0linger over winespend much time drinking wine and so drink much wine (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
479PRO2330t96n0the mixed winePossible meanings are 1) different wines mixed together or 2) other drinks that are stronger than wine.
480PRO2332ip9z0In the lastAfter you drink it
481PRO2332q4ct0addera type of poisonous snake
482PRO2333d1kc0perverse thingsthings that God says are morally wrong and bad; things that are wicked
483PRO2334lxy20mastthe long wooden pole to which are attached the sails of a sailing ship
484PRO2335c4na0They hit me, ... but I was not hurt. They beat me, but I did not feel it.Because the drunk person is not thinking clearly, he is imagining that people are hitting and beating him, yet he feels no pain and cannot remember anything.
485PRO2335d6ej0When will I wake up?The drunk person is wondering when he will be sober again; when the effect of the wine will stop.
486PRO24intronl8mProverbs 24 General Notes0# Proverbs 24 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 24 continues the section beginning in the previous chapter and is mainly filled with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>The second half of this chapter finishes the section.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Lazy man story<br><br>Unlike much of Proverbs, verses 30-34 tell a short story about a lazy man, which ends in a very memorable proverb.<br><br>##### Themes<br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
487PRO2406e43z0wage your warfight your war
488PRO2406nll10advisorsthose who tell government officials what those officials should do
489PRO2411ru950staggeringwalking unsteadily and almost falling. This word would also describe the way a person walks when he is being dragged away.
490PRO2415g6w60his homethe home of the righteous person
491PRO2416u49kfigs-metaphor0are brought downThis is a metaphor of a person who was standing but someone has brought him down to the ground or made him fall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
492PRO2416ze9b0calamitytimes when bad things happen to people and their property
493PRO2417t9ei0your enemy fallssomething bad happens to your enemy
494PRO2420mmf6figs-metaphor0the lamp of wicked people will go outThe lamp is used as a metaphor for life. The life of wicked people will end just as a lamp goes out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
495PRO2421vvr90Feara deep respect and awe for a person in authority
496PRO2422ub7e0both of themthese words refer to Yahweh and the king
497PRO2423jq5s0These also are sayings of the wiseThis sentence starts a new collection of proverbs.
498PRO2423ci6n0a case at lawa situation that is brought before a judge in which someone is accused of breaking the law
499PRO2425xwv50will have delightwill be very happy
500PRO2431w3gw0Thornsuseless plants with sharp spines
501PRO2431j4m70nettlesplants that are covered with stinging leaves and hairs
502PRO2431chw40was broken downhad fallen down
503PRO2432u9za0received instructionlearned a lesson
504PRO25introl94sProverbs 25 General Notes0# Proverbs 25 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 25 begins the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
505PRO2502x2ec0to conceal a matterto keep some things secret
506PRO2503b9470heavensThis refers to everything we see above the earth, including the sun, moon, and stars.
507PRO2504jgm10drossthe material in a metal that people do not want and they remove by heating the metal
508PRO2507qf2z0before a noblemanin front of a nobleman
509PRO2509lgk70your caseyour disagreement
510PRO2509c77l0do not disclose another's secretdo not share your neighbor's secret with other people
511PRO2513tc4qfigs-simile0Like the cold of snow at harvest time is a faithful messengerHere a faithful messenger is being compared to the cold of snow, because both are pleasant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
512PRO2513v57a0snowwhite flakes of ice that fall from the sky like rain
513PRO2513z9pn0brings back the life of his mastersThis means he makes his masters, who are weak and tired, to be strong and rested again.
514PRO2516dc7bfigs-metaphor0General Information:Verse 16 states a general principle, and verse 17 gives one specific example. The idea of eating too much honey and then vomiting it up is a metaphor for taking too much of any good thing and regretting it later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
515PRO2518r378figs-simile0A man who bears false witness against his neighbor is like a club used in war, or a sword, or a sharp arrowA false witness is compared to three weapons that can hurt or kill people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
516PRO2524siz4figs-explicit0a corner of the roofHouses in those days had flat roofs. Ancient Israelites spent much time on their roofs, where it was often cooler than inside the house, and sometimes people would build a shelter large enough for a person to sleep in on one corner of the roof. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
517PRO2524urg50a quarreling wifea wife who often argues or complains
518PRO2525p4p8figs-simile0Like cold waters to one who is thirsty, so is good news from a far countryCold water is compared to good news that is both refreshing and delightful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
519PRO2526p3dyfigs-simile0Like a fouled spring or a ruined fountain is a righteous person tottering before wicked peopleOne expects a spring or fountain to have clear water, just as one expects a righteous man to stand for what he believes. A polluted spring or fountain is compared to a righteous man who falls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
520PRO2527h7jffigs-simile0It is not good to eat too much honey; that is like searching for honor after honor.Both wanting others to honor you and eating honey are good, but you can eat too much honey, and you can try too hard to have people honor you. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
521PRO2528gl3pfigs-simile0A person without self-control is like a city breached and without walls.Both a person without self-control and a city without walls are weak and vulnerable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
522PRO2528jh450breached and without wallswhose walls an army has knocked down and destroyed
523PRO26introjuh9Proverbs 26 General Notes0# Proverbs 26 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 26 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. Wisdom and folly are particularly prominent in this chapter.(See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
524PRO2602t3fg0alightland on someone or something
525PRO2603v3b70A whip is for the horse, a bridle is for the donkey and a rod is for the back of foolsA whip, a bridle, and a rod are things that people use to make the horse, donkey, and fool do what they want.
526PRO2603le7r0a bridle is for the donkeyA bridle is made of straps. People put it on a donkey's head and hold one of the straps to make the donkey go the way they want it to go.
527PRO2603q1bg0a rod is for the back of foolsIn the Bible, people would hit their children or their slaves with a wooden rod in order to discipline them.
528PRO2607m6mr0a paralytica person who is unable to move or feel all or part of his body
529PRO2608fy3g0giving honor to a foolhonoring a fool
530PRO2610lu8m0hires a foolgives a job to a fool
531PRO2611dgd20As a dog returns to his own vomitAs a dog eats its own vomit
532PRO2612n43z0There is more hope for a fool than for himA fool can become wise more easily than he can
533PRO2613xyz80There is a lion on the roadSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 22:13](../22/13.md).
534PRO2614bfi20hingesmetal pieces that attach a door to something and allow it to open and close
535PRO2614uv1dfigs-simile0As the door turns on its hinges, so is the lazy person upon his bedBoth the door and the lazy person move, but they do not go anywhere. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
536PRO2615x6usfigs-hyperbole0he has no strength to lift it up to his mouthThis is an exaggeration for doing necessary work that would clearly do him good. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
537PRO2617ul2wfigs-explicit0is a passerby who becomes angry at a dispute that is not his ownThe implied information is that the passerby will start arguing, and the people who were fighting will get angry with him and hurt him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
538PRO2620ivv30gossipera person who gossips a lot
539PRO2625f4gf0but do not believe himbut do not believe what he says
540PRO2626d2jn0the assemblythe community of Israel
541PRO2628qp8a0flatteringpraising someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praising someone about things that are not true
542PRO27introec7gProverbs 27 General Notes0# Proverbs 27 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 27 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
543PRO2704l3ui0crueltyharshness
544PRO2707v4fr0rejects even a honeycombA honeycomb would normally be desirable, but not to the person who has already eaten enough to be satisfied.
545PRO2707aj750every bitter thing is sweeteverything that is bitter tastes sweet
546PRO2710zin10calamityextreme troubles and misfortune
547PRO2711gm950mocksmakes fun of someone, especially in a cruel way
548PRO2712y47t0A prudent man sees trouble and hides himself, but the naive people go on and suffer because of itSee how you translated a similar phrase in [Proverbs 22:3](../22/03.md).
549PRO2712j5th0the naive peoplethe inexperienced and immature people
550PRO2712bv110sufferexperience something very unpleasant, such as illness, pain, or other hardships
551PRO2714xjs10Whoever gives his neighbor a blessingIf anyone gives his neighbor a blessing
552PRO2715bh2v0quarrelingThis means making people angry with each other or causing strong disagreements between people.
553PRO2715ldj60a rainy daya day of continual rain
554PRO2716e46jfigs-simile0restraining her is like restraining the wind, or trying to catch oil in your right handThe implied information is that it is as difficult or useless to try and restrain her as it is to try to restrain the wind or catch oil in your hand (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
555PRO2718gbr20who tendswho takes care of
556PRO2720c28l0are never satisfiedare never filled up
557PRO2721eg8jtranslate-unknown0cruciblea container used for heating substances to very high temperatures (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
558PRO2721eza1translate-unknown0furnacean oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
559PRO2722m5zvfigs-metaphor0Even if you crush a fool ... yet his foolishness will not leave himThis means that even if a fool is made to suffer hardship or pain (being crushed is often a metaphor for suffering in Hebrew), he will remain foolish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
560PRO2722ir3ktranslate-unknown0pestlea hard tool with a rounded end, used for crushing things in a bowl (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
561PRO2723ixh6figs-parallelism0Be sure you know the condition of your flocks and be concerned about your herdsThese two phrases have basically the same meaning and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
562PRO2723de7k0your flocksflocks of sheep
563PRO2723b9bu0your herdsherds of goats
564PRO2726ra5wConnecting Statement:0Verses 26 and 27 go together with verses 23 to 25 as one proverb.
565PRO2727xjw40nourishmentfood
566PRO28introg91uProverbs 28 General Notes0# Proverbs 28 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 28 continues the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
567PRO2803tx2c0who oppresseswho severely mistreats
568PRO2803pb4kfigs-simile0like a beating rain that leaves no foodThe poor man who oppresses other poor people is compared to a rain that falls so hard that it leaves no crop to harvest. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
569PRO2804z1ah0forsake the lawforsake God's law
570PRO2805k5mhfigs-metaphor0those who seek YahwehThose who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
571PRO2806q4ty0It is better for a poor person ... than for a rich personIt is better to be a poor person ... than it is to be a rich person
572PRO2808uef70makes his fortuneincreases his wealth
573PRO2808i36g0charging too much interestcharging extra money to borrow
574PRO2808tj5f0interestmoney paid by a borrower for the use of someone else's money
575PRO2808xz6i0gathers his wealthbrings his wealth together
576PRO2808e1qz0for anotherfor another person
577PRO2808s7xf0pitya strong feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone
578PRO2809w4280If oneIf a person
579PRO2809a3bi0detestableSee how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).
580PRO2810pv8z0Whoever misleads ... evil way will fallIf anyone misleads ... evil way, he will fall
581PRO2810w7560will have a good inheritancewill inherit what is good
582PRO2812qew30When the righteous triumphWhen righteous people succeed
583PRO2814ijf70reverenceThis refers to deeply respecting Yahweh and showing that respect by obeying him.
584PRO2814ymm80whoever hardens his heartthe one who hardens his heart
585PRO2815z8tifigs-simile0Like a roaring lion or a charging bear is a wicked ruler over poor peoplePoor people who are helpless against an evil ruler are compared to people who have a lion roaring at them or a bear attacking them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
586PRO2815x5l1translate-unknown0a charging bearA bear is a large, furry, dangerous animal that walks on four legs and has sharp claws and teeth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
587PRO2816az950oppressora person who treats people harshly and makes their lives very difficult
588PRO2817v5920fugitivea person who is running away to avoid being captured
589PRO2818u4m50WhoeverAnyone who
590PRO2819dlk70works his landThis means to till, sow, and care for his crops.
591PRO2819uq9z0whoever followsanyone who follows
592PRO2821phu70do wrongsin
593PRO2823q2x80Whoever disciplinesIf a person disciplines
594PRO2823hi860disciplinestrains people to obey a set of guidelines for moral behavior
595PRO2823l9i10flatterspraises someone in a manner that is not sincere, or praises someone about things that are not true
596PRO2824xcp20Whoever robsThe one who robs
597PRO2825e3ce0A greedy mana person who selfishly wants more things, money or food than what he needs
598PRO2826dyj30whoever walksany person who walks
599PRO2827yhn40The oneThe person
600PRO2827cgl40whoever closesanyone who closes
601PRO29intropkl4Proverbs 29 General Notes0# Proverbs 29 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 29 concludes the second section of the book (Chapter 25-29) which is attributed to Solomon.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
602PRO2905x5x60flatters his neighborknowingly tells his neighbor things that are not true so that the neighbor will do what the speaker wants him to do
603PRO2906k8iqfigs-idiom0In the sin of an evil person is a trapWhen an evil person sins, it is as if he is stepping into a trap. He desires to do evil to other people, but God will use what he does to punish him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
604PRO2909tzx70he rages and laughsThe fool becomes very angry and tries to keep the wise person from speaking or the court judge from judging.
605PRO2909kn5t0ragesThis means to be loud and excited and to move with powerful movements like a strong storm. This is a negative word.
606PRO2909qmv50there will be no restthey will not be able to settle the problem
607PRO2913f56w0oppressora person who treats people harshly and makes their lives very difficult
608PRO2915m43w0reproofWhen a person gives reproof to another person, or reproves that person, he tells that person that he does not approve of what that other person is doing.
609PRO2921k1j60who pampers his slavewho allows his slave to avoid work and who treats his slave better than he treats other slaves
610PRO2921qs950there will be troubleThese words translate a Hebrew word whose meaning no one knows for sure. Some understand it to mean that the slave will be weak, others that the slave will rule the household.
611PRO2924jpz10hates his own lifebecomes his own enemy
612PRO2925k5l20a snarea trap that catches animals with ropes
613PRO2927c4s90detestablea person who should be hated. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).
614PRO3001u8l9translate-names0Agur ... Jakeh ... Ithiel ... UcalThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
615PRO3001v8qt0Agur son of JakehThis is the literal son of Jakeh, not a grandchild.
616PRO3001ic3d0the utterancethe message
617PRO3001y7qf0to Ithiel, to Ithiel and Ucalto Ithiel—that is, to Ithiel and Ucal
618PRO3004eb1b0heavenwhere God lives
619PRO3004l4kf0gathered upbrought small scattered objects into a pile so they can be lifted
620PRO3006lu630add to his wordssay more than he has said
621PRO3008jw320vanityfalse, useless words
622PRO3009vrk2figs-hypo0if I have too much, I might deny you and sayThis describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes rich. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
623PRO3009t24ifigs-hypo0if I become poor, I might steal and profaneThis describes a hypothetical situation that has not happened but is possible if the writer becomes poor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
624PRO3010rz4a0slanderspeak falsely about another person with the desire to harm him
625PRO3010ycc90he will cursethe servant will curse
626PRO3011sz6e0a generation that curses ... and does not blessa generation of people who curse ... and do not bless
627PRO3011z4bb0generationtype or class or group
628PRO3012h8cq0a generation that isa generation of people that are
629PRO3012fyp50filthThis should be translated with a polite term that includes human or animal vomit and waste.
630PRO3013ey4dfigs-metonymy0eyes are raised up ... their eyelids lifted upThis describes people who think that they are better than other people. Their eyes show that they are proud, and the way they look at others shows that they think they are better than those other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
631PRO3014zca7figs-metaphor0There is a generation whose teeth are swords, and their jawbones are like knives, so they may devour the poor ... and the needyThe people of the generation who speak very harmful things is spoken of as if they were wild animals with teeth and jawbones made of swords and knives, and they eat the poor and needy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
632PRO3014z22j0jawbonesthe bones of the face where teeth grow
633PRO3015ik610leecha type of worm that attaches itself to the skin and sucks blood
634PRO3016d8p5figs-personification0land that is never satisfied with waterLand that is no longer producing food because there has been no rain is spoken of as if it were a person who does not have enough water to drink. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
635PRO3017pr2u0his eyes ... the vulturesThe writer says that the person will die by giving two pictures of what happens to people who die away from where people live.
636PRO3017x3vs0ravenslarge, shiny, black birds that eat plants and dead animals
637PRO3017k8je0vulturesany one of several large birds that eat dead animals and have small, featherless heads
638PRO3020h26kfigs-euphemism0she eats and she wipes her mouthThis seems to be both a euphemism and a metaphor for committing adultery and then taking a bath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
639PRO3023dwd50takes the place of her mistressrules the household
640PRO3026p11p0rock badgersan animal with small, rounded ears, short legs, and no tail
641PRO3028l4zb0lizarda small reptile that has four legs, a long, slender body, and a tail
642PRO3029dc440statelymajestic or dignified, like a king
643PRO3031e3z80strutting roosteran adult male chicken that walks proudly
644PRO3033kgm40churningstrongly stirring
645PRO3033nj7p0butterAnimal milk that someone has stirred and made thick.
646PRO31introdd9pProverbs 31 General Notes0# Proverbs 31 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 31 begins with 9 verses from King Lemuel. The last portion of this chapter is a poem about a godly wife. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])<br><br>##### King Lemuel<br><br>This person is unknown in Scripture, other than here. It is important to recognize that the words in this chapter are words of his mother addressed to him. They are formed like advice of a mother to her son.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### An acrostic poem<br><br>Verse 10 through 31 is tightly formed as a poem in the original language. There are 22 lines in the Hebrew language that each begin with a successive letter of the alphabet. However, each language will have a different set of letters. Therefore, it is important to realize this was a single composition with a single theme of a noble or godly wife.<br><br>##### Themes<br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
647PRO3102ag7f0my son ... son of my womb ... son of my vowsThe speaker wants the hearer to notice carefully and to respect the one who is talking to him.
648PRO3102ye5f0son of my wombThe womb is a synecdoche for the person. It is best to use a polite term for the body part in which babies grow before they are born.
649PRO3103tuq50or your ways to those who destroy kingsor allow those who destroy kings to advise you
650PRO3104s8mw0LemuelThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 31:1](../31/01.md).
651PRO3105w2jv0pervert the rights of all the afflicteddeny afflicted people their legal rights
652PRO3105y3ds0pervertexchange good for evil
653PRO3105mdn60all the afflictedall those people whom others wrongfully harm
654PRO3110v97s0Her value is far more than jewelsShe is more precious than jewels
655PRO3113usy50woolsheep's hair that is used to make cloth
656PRO3113xs1v0flaxa plant whose fiber is used to make linen
657PRO3114h9840merchantsomeone who buys and sells
658PRO3115ry3t0distributes the work for her female servantstells her female servants what work each of them is to do that day
659PRO3117fn860makes her arms strongshe strengthens her arms by doing her work
660PRO3118d4np0perceivessees by looking carefully
661PRO3119d3iv0spindlea thin rod or stick with pointed ends that is used in making thread
662PRO3121ail40scarletThe color red, but with a hint of orange.
663PRO3122a3x10linencloth made of flax yarn
664PRO3123dbz10when he sits with the elders of the landto make laws and settle arguments
665PRO3124d6wi0linencloth made from flax yarn
666PRO3124ghw50sasheslong pieces of cloth worn around the waist or over one shoulder
667PRO3127j79l0idlenessdoing nothing and being lazy
668PRO3129fl850you surpassedyou have done better than