unfoldingWord_en_tn/tn_MAL.tsv

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2front:introaxt40# Introduction to Malachi\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Malachi\n\n1. The word of Yahweh comes to Israel (1:1)\n1. Yahweh loves Israel and rejects Esau (Edom) (1:25)\n1. A message against the priests (1:62:9)\n1. A message against Judah: they have broken faith by divorcing and intermarrying (2:1016)\n1. A message about the day of refining (2:173:6)\n1. A message about tithing (3:712)\n1. A message about those who others treated shamefully, but who were faithful to Yahweh (3:1318)\n1. Yahweh will punish the wicked and send Elijah before the “great and terrible day of Yahweh” (4:56)\n\n### What is the Book of Malachi about?\n\nThe Book of Malachi is about the prophecies that Malachi spoke to the Jews who had returned from Babylon to Judah. At that time, the Jews were discouraged even though they had finished building a new temple. The wonderful things that previous prophets had promised for Judah had not yet happened. And the Persian Empire still ruled over them. As a result, they no longer were concerned about the law or worshiping Yahweh. Malachi rebuked them for not trusting in Yahweh. But he also promised them that Yahweh would do everything that he promised to do.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThis book traditionally has been titled “Malachi” or “The Book of Malachi.” Translators may decide to call it “The Book about Malachi” or “The Sayings of Malachi.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Malachi?\n\nThe prophet Malachi wrote these messages from Yahweh to the Jews. However, since “Malachi” means “my messenger,” it is possible that this was a title for this prophet. If so, we do not know his real name.\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What was meant by the day of Yahweh?\n\nMalachi spoke about “the day” several times. This is the same as “the day of Yahweh.” In the Book of Malachi, this is the time when Yahweh would judge his people. He would remove those who wickedly sin and bless those who trust in him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
31:introb7vm0# Malachi 1 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh of hosts\nThis is an important title used in this chapter. It reminds the reader of the great power Yahweh has to punish the nations. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahwehofhosts]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\nThere are many rhetorical questions in this chapter. They all have a rather dramatic effect. They increase the emotional connotations of what is being said. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
41:1qm8zThe declaration of the word of Yahweh to Israel by the hand of Malachi0If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “This is the declaration of the word of Yahweh to Israel by the hand of Malachi”
51:1x4vmYahweh0This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
61:1lx85rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomby the hand of Malachi0The phrase “by the hand of” is an idiom that means that Yahweh used Malachi to deliver his message. Alternate translation: “through Malachi” or “spoken to them by Malachi” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
71:2vb2mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow have you loved us?0This question indicates that the people doubt the truth of what God says. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have not shown that you love us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
81:2cy61rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWas not Esau Jacobs brother?0This question, a reply of Yahweh reminding the people of their nations history, may also be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “You know that Esau was Jacobs brother.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
91:2l68tdeclares Yahweh0Alternate translation: “Yahweh has solemnly said this”
101:2ef9grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitI have loved Jacob0Here “loved” implies a relationship of loyalty between Yahweh and Jacob, in which a covenant existed between them. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “as you know, I obligated myself with a covenant to love Jacob” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
111:2j176rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheI have loved Jacob0This name “Jacob” refers here not only to Jacob, but also to all his descendants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
121:3xf47Esau I have hated0Here “hated” implies that there was no covenant between Yahweh and Esau. However, it does not imply that Yahweh was emotionally against Esau.
131:3e38qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheEsau I have hated0This name “Esau” refers here not only to Esau, but also to all his descendants. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
141:3t9buhis mountains0This refers to the hill country of Edom.
151:3q6yqI have made his inheritance a place for the jackals of the wilderness0In the Old Testament, the presence of wild animals such as jackals was a frequent description of land deserted by the people who once lived there.
161:3rff9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhis inheritance0Here “inheritance” stands for the region that Esaus descendants, the nation of Edom, occupied. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
171:4z8qdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyIf Edom says0Here “Edom” stands for the people of Edom. Alternate translation: “If the people of Edom say” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
181:4x6krrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyI will throw down0Here “throw down” stands for “destroy.” Alternate translation: “I will destroy” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
191:4zv9vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounscountry of wickedness0Here “wickedness” stands either for wicked people or for wicked actions. Alternate translation: “country of wicked people” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
201:5bq14rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheYour own eyes will see this0Here “your own eyes” stands for the people themselves. Alternate translation: “You yourselves will see this” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
211:6zu71General Information:0# General Information:\n\nYahweh rebukes the priests using an imaginary conversation in which the priests protest that they are doing right and Yahweh tells them what they are doing wrong.
221:6u3vjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymydespise my name0Here “my name” stands for Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “treat me as though you hate me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
231:6awt1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow have we despised your name?0Here the priests are asking a question in order to state that they have not really despised Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have not really despised your name.” or “Tell us how we have despised your name, because we do not think that we have done so.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
241:7dyc6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorpolluted bread0Here “polluted” describes anything that is not suitable to sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
251:7v4atrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow have we polluted you?0Here the priests are asking a question in order to state that they have not really polluted Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have not polluted you.” or “Tell us how we have polluted you, because we do not think that we have done so.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
261:7h6dvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorpolluted you0This expression refers to insulting God by giving him unsuitable sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
271:7efa3table0This refers to an altar.
281:7xu5yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisBy saying that Yahwehs table is contemptible.0This is the answer that Yahweh gives to the priests, but the full answer is only implied. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You have polluted me by saying, Yahwehs table is contemptible.’” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
291:7agd8contemptible0regarded as worthless
301:8zw52rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhen you offer blind animals for sacrifice, is that not evil?0Here Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “You know very well that it is evil for you to offer blind animals for sacrifice!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
311:8i5xbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhen you offer the lame and sick, is that not evil?0Here Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the people. Alternate translation: “And you know very well that it is evil for you to offer lame and sick animals!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
321:8f8k3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperativePresent that to your governor! Will he accept you or will he lift up your face?0The command in the first sentence functions as a hypothetical condition. Alternate translation: “If you present that to your governor, will he accept you or will he lift up your face?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
331:8kw16rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWill he accept you or will he lift up your face?0Here Yahweh asks this question in order to remind the people that their governor would never accept defective animals from them. Alternate translation: “If you do those things, you know that the governor will not accept you. He will not lift up your face.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
341:8ch8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwill he lift up your face0Lifting up someones face refers to accepting him with favor. Alternate translation: “will he accept you with favor” or “will he agree to help you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
351:8j8zcPresent0give as a gift to show respect
361:9d7q3Now you keep asking the face of God, that he may be gracious to us0Malachi is no longer speaking for God. He is talking directly to the Israelites; he is criticizing them for daring to think that God will have mercy on them.
371:9kht7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochekeep asking the face of God0Here “face” stands for God and also for his presence. Alternate translation: “keep asking God in his presence” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
381:9r5f4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionwith such an offering in your hand, would he lift up any of your faces?0Here Yahweh is asking a question in order to make a statement of rebuke. Alternate translation: “if you offer unacceptable offerings, he will certainly not lift up your faces.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
391:9wg22with such an offering in your hand0This difficult phrase in Hebrew is interpreted in many different ways by modern versions.
401:9kmg8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochein your hand0Here “hand” stands for the people bringing the offering. Alternate translation: “brought by you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
411:9m84qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomwould he lift up any of your faces0Lifting up someones face refers to accepting him with favor. Alternate translation: “would he accept any of you with favor” or “would he agree to help any of you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
421:10w5ucOh, if only0This expresses great desire.
431:10pv8hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyso that you might not light fires on my altar in vain0Here “light fires on my altar” stands for offering sacrifices on Yahwehs altar. Alternate translation: “so that you might not make fires to burn offerings that I will not accept” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
441:10ju31rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochefrom your hand0Here “your hand” stands for “you.” Alternate translation: “from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
451:11v4x9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismfrom the rising of the sun to its setting0This double expression means “everywhere.” It is parallel to “among the nations” and “in every place” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
461:11ls76rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymymy name will be great among the nations0Here “my name” stands for Yahwehs reputation and honor. Alternate translation: “I will be honored in other nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
471:11rx5crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivein every place incense and pure offerings will be offered in my name0This may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “in these nations people will offer incense and pure offerings to me in order to worship me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
481:11m2j4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyin my name0Here “name” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
491:12n6gqits fruit, its food0This could mean: (1) “the meat sacrificed on the altar from animals whose other parts the priests should eat” or (2) “the meat sacrificed on the altar.”
501:13la3nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomsnort at it0show great disrespect by making noises through the nose (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
511:13kz7prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionShould I accept this from your hand?0Here Yahweh is asking a question in order to make a statement of rebuke. Alternate translation: “I should certainly not accept this from you!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
521:13nx88rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochefrom your hand0Here “your hand” stands for “you.” Alternate translation: “from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
531:14v5fdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivemy name will be honored among the nations0This may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “people in the other nations honor my name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
541:14z5rarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymymy name will be honored0Here “my name” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will be honored” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
552:introjc2b0# Malachi 2 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Levites\nThe priests are given a strong warning in this chapter. They have not followed the law of Moses and have led the people in the wrong direction. Yahweh has not accepted their sacrifices. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n### Marital unfaithfulness\nBecause the Jews lived under a covenantal arrangement with Yahweh, their relationship is described using the imagery of a marriage. Marital unfaithfulness indicates a persons unfaithfulness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
562:2y1ilrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomlay it on your heart0This refers to considering something to be very important. Alternate translation: “consider it to be very important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
572:2w6csrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsgive honor to my name0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **honor**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “honor my name” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
582:2e4vhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymymy name0Here this expression refers to God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
592:2k5mdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsI will send a curse on you0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **curse**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will curse you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
602:2b7vlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomyou are not laying my command on your heart0This refers to considering Gods command to be very important. Alternate translation: “you are not considering my command to be very important” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
612:3vsb2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorI will spread dung on your faces0Here “dung on your faces” stands for disgrace. Alternate translation: “I will most certainly put you in deep disgrace; it will be as bad as if I had spread dung on your faces” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
622:3skc9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe dung from your festivals0Here “festivals” stands for the animals that the priests offered in sacrifice at the Israelite festivals. “The dung” probably refers both to the dung that was produced by the animals just before they were slaughtered for sacrifice, and to the dung that was found inside the animals when their bodies were cut apart before being sacrificed. Temple workers had to transport this dung to a place outside of the temple, and probably outside of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
632:3m2bsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivehe will take you away with it0This difficult expression can be translated as “God will take you away with it,” that is, with the dung. This expression continues the same metaphor of slaughtering animals for sacrifice, and it can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “they will throw you on the dung pile; God will make sure that they take you away when they remove all the dung” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
642:3zti7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe will take you away with it0This could mean: (1) God will punish the unfaithful priests by killing them and causing their bodies to be carried away on the piles of animal dung, or (2) God will punish the unfaithful priests in such a horrible way that it will be as if their bodies had been carried away with the animal dung. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
652:4cr4jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyLevi0Here Levi represents his descendants, the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: “so that my covenant may be with you, the descendants of Levi” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
662:5x7pvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyGeneral Information:0# General Information:\n\nYahweh speaks of the tribe of Levi as though they are Levi. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
672:5t8fsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorMy covenant with him was life and peace0Here the intended results of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “The purpose of my covenant with Levi was for the priests to live in prosperity and peace” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
682:5f2ifrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisfear, and he feared me0This expression continues the same metaphor, but leaves out an idea that is implied in the text. This can begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “My covenant with him was also fear, and he feared me” or “In my covenant with him, I required him to fear me, and he did fear me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
692:5td35rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyin awe of my name0Here “my name” stands for God himself. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
702:6e73zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymynothing false was found0Here finding something stands for that thing existing. Alternate translation: “there was no falsehood” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
712:6pjq6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyon his lips0Here “lips” stands for a persons ability to speak. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
722:6u9rhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe walked with me0Here walking stands for living, conducting ones life in a certain way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
732:6ws89rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorin peace and uprightness0Here the idea of location stands for the manner in which Levi lived. Alternate translation: “peacefully and uprightly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
742:6p1lhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe turned many away from sin0Here persuading people to stop sinning is spoken of as if it were turning them away from sin. Alternate translation: “he persuaded many people to stop sinning” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
752:6fxl1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorlips0Here “lips” stands for a persons ability to speak. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
762:7kp5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorFor a priests lips should keep knowledge0Here knowledge is spoken of as if it were an object that a priest could keep. In this passage, the idea of “keep knowledge” implies communicating true knowledge about God. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
772:7d2larc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsseek instruction0Here instruction is spoken of as if it were an object that people could look for. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ****, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “want to be instructed” or “want a priest to teach them truly” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
782:7sp8urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyfrom his mouth0Here “mouth” stands for what a person says. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
792:8si1src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou have turned away from the true path0The right way to behave is spoken of as if it were the right path to follow, and abandoning right conduct is spoken of as if it were turning away from that path. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
802:8um6vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou have caused many to stumble0Disobeying God is spoken of as if it were stumbling. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
812:8j9xsYou have caused many to stumble with respect to the law0The expression “with respect to the law” gives the context for the “stumbling.” Alternate translation: “You have caused many to disobey the law”
822:9gx4arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbefore all the people0This spatial idea stands for the peoples awareness of the priests evil behavior. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
832:9wq7prc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorkept my ways0Here “ways” stands for “desires” and “behavior.” These ways are spoken of as if they were things that could be kept by people. Alternate translation: “followed my desires in how you should live” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
842:9z4gmshown partiality with regard to the instruction0Alternate translation: “set easy standards of behavior for people you like and difficult standards of behavior for people you do not like”
852:9z9ytrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorshown partiality0Here the habit of favoring some people more than others is spoken of as if it were a thing that could be shown to others. Alternate translation: “made people aware that you favor some people more than others (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
862:10h2mpGeneral Information:0# General Information:\n\nHere the prophet Malachi begins to speak to his fellow Israelites.
872:10e1l1rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundIs there not one father for us all? Has not one God created us?0Malachi asks these questions in order to remind his fellow Israelites about what they already know. Alternate translation: “You know that we all have one father, that our God has created a nation out of us.” or “You all know that God is the father of all us Israelites, because he is the one who made our nation.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
882:10q37trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHas not one God created us?0This question is meant to express a statement. Alternate translation: “Certainly it is the same God who has created us.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
892:10t4alcreated us0This probably refers to God forming the Hebrews into a nation.
902:10rm21rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhy are we faithless each man against his brother, profaning the covenant of our fathers?0Malachi asks this question in order to rebuke his fellow Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We should certainly not mistreat our brothers and disrespect Gods covenant by disobeying his commands, as you have been doing.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
912:11h25urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJudah has been faithless0Here “Judah” stands for the people in the region of Judah, and the fact that they have been faithless to Yahweh is spoken of as if they were one man named “Judah.” Alternate translation: “The people of Judah have been faithless” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
922:11ef4lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveA disgusting thing has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem0This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “People have done disgusting things in Israel and in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
932:11zbw5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyFor Judah has profaned the holy place of Yahweh0Here “Judah” refers again to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “For the people of Judah have profaned the holy place of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
942:11h7i9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhas married the daughter of a foreign god0The people of Judah are again referred to as if they were one man named “Judah.” Alternate translation: “have married women from other nations, women who worship idols” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
952:12bxx3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorMay Yahweh cut off from the tents of Jacob the man who0Destroying something is often spoken of as it were cutting it off from something else. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh destroy anyone in the tents of Jacob who” or “May Yahweh kill anyone in the community of Israel who” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
962:12tkp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe tents of Jacob0Here “tents of Jacob” stands for the community of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
972:12f33mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyJacob0Here “Jacob” stands for all the Israelites, because Jacob was one of the patriarchs from whom the Israelites were descended. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
982:12vdy5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe one who is awake and the one who answers0This expression seems to mean “absolutely everyone.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
992:13sw3frc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleYou cover the altar of Yahweh with tears0This sarcastically exaggerates the amount of tears the people cry to show that Yahweh knows that the people do not really feel sad. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
1002:13rx8erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletwith weeping and sighing0The words “weeping” and “sighing” share similar meanings and intensify the idea of weeping. Alternate translation: “with great weeping” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1012:13gt5urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymydoes not turn toward the offering0Here turning toward a gift stands for receiving it and showing favor to the giver. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1022:13lbk9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitdoes not turn toward the offering0This implies that those who are weeping at Yahwehs altar have offered sacrifices to him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1032:13y3lrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdochefrom your hand0Here “hand” stands for the person giving the offering. Alternate translation: “from you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1042:14n6ulrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisWhy does he not?0The full thought, as in [Malachi 2:13](../02/13.md), is “Why does he not turn toward the offering or accept it with favor from our hand?” Some translators may decide to provide this entire thought in their versions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1052:14u2qpthe wife of your youth0Alternate translation: “the woman you married when you were young”
1062:14xn6frc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundYahweh was a witness between you and the wife of your youth0This statement assumes that this woman is still living. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1072:14s3k3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphora witness between you and the wife of your youth0Here a witness to an agreement between two people is thought of as standing between them in order to testify about what they agreed to, in case a dispute arises between the two people. This sentence also was meant to remind the people that Yahweh would punish any Israelite who broke the covenant of marriage. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1082:14mz1qrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundshe was your companion and your wife by covenant0This statement implies that many of the Israelites had divorced their wives. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1092:14txe1by covenant0Alternate translation: “by the covenant of marriage that you agreed to”
1102:15x1girc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionDid he not make them one, with a portion of his spirit?0If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “He certainly made husband and wife one, with a portion of his spirit.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1112:15qfl1rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundmake them one0This expression implies making husband and wife one flesh. Alternate translation: “make husband and wife one flesh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
1122:15i3nyan offspring from God0Children who would honor and obey God.
1132:16hp7zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsI hate divorce0Here “divorce” stands for the act of divorce, when a man sends away his wife, so as to end his marriage to her. Alternate translation: “I hate it when a man divorces his wife” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1142:16ly2grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomthe one who covers his garment with violence0This phrase probably means any man who is violent toward his wife. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1152:16iv8hSo guard yourselves in your spirit and do not be faithless0Alternate translation: “So be careful to be loyal to your wife”
1162:17ug3arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYou have wearied Yahweh0Yahweh is spoken of as if human behavior could make him tired, but God cannot grow weary in a physical or emotional sense. This statement probably means that Yahweh has become offended or exasperated. Alternate translation: “You have offended Yahweh” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1172:17d6k5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow have we wearied him?0This question is meant to deny that the people have done any wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have certainly not wearied him.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1182:17ba81rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitBy saying0The complete idea here is, “You have wearied him by saying.” This is the prophets answer to the rhetorical question. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1192:17wde5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorin the eyes0The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in the opinion” or “in the judgment” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1202:17ze8src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhere is the God of justice?0The priests ask this question in order to claim either that Yahweh does not care whether people do evil or not, or that he never punishes evildoers. Alternate translation: “God certainly does not punish evil people!” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1212:17kw1tthe God of justice0the God who punishes evildoers justly
1223:introwb480# Malachi 3 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Messiah\nThere are several prophecies in this chapter concerning the Messiah and the one who comes before the Messiah. At times, this chapter switches between prophesying about the first coming of the Messiah and the second coming of the Messiah without formal divisions between them. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\nSeveral rhetorical questions are used in this chapter to convince the reader of the truth of what he is saying and of their sin. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
1233:1zeq2General Information:0# General Information:\n\nYahweh begins speaking again to the people of Israel in verse 1, but the prophet Malachi begins speaking in verse 2.
1243:1v6seSee0Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
1253:1j5perc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe will prepare the way before me0Here getting people ready to welcome Yahweh is spoken of as if a road were being cleared for Yahweh to travel on. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1263:1d1j7Then the Lord, whom you seek & The messenger of the covenant in whom you delight0Some modern versions translate this in a way that implies that these two expressions refer to the same person. Other modern versions leave this matter ambiguous. We recommend that translations leave this matter ambiguous, as the ULT and UST do.
1273:1w8yfThe messenger of the covenant0Almost all versions leave ambiguous the sense of this expression. But translators may need to make explicit the relationship between “messenger” and “the covenant.” The UST presents “the messenger” as one promised by the covenant that Yahweh had with Israel. Another choice is to present the messenger as a person who will either confirm that covenant or announce a new covenant.
1283:2f24jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionBut who will be able to endure the day of his coming? Who will be able to stand when he appears?0These rhetorical questions imply that no one will be able to resist Yahweh when he comes. They can be combined into one statement. Alternate translation: “However, no one will be able to resist Yahweh when he comes to judge them.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1293:2phd6the day of his coming0Here “day” stands for “time.” Alternate translation: “the time when he comes”
1303:2z2xerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbe able to stand0Here standing represents resisting someones attack or accusations. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1313:2iqv7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileFor he will be like a refiners fire and like laundry soap0This sentence gives the reason why no one will be able to resist God when he comes. Gods power to judge the people and to stop them from sinning is spoken of as if it were the power of strong soap to clean clothes, or the power of fire to melt an object. These are ways of saying that Gods power to do these things cannot be stopped. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1323:3bxz3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorhe will purify the sons of Levi0Forgiving the sons of Levi and persuading them not to sin any longer is spoken of as if it were purifying metal. Alternate translation: “he will correct the sons of Levi and forgive them for having sinned” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1333:3tcd4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe sons of Levi0Here “sons” refers to descendants. The male descendants of Levi were the priests and workers in the temple. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1343:3pfr2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileHe will sit0Here sitting implies the action of a metalworker, who sits down in order to purify small amounts of gold or silver. It also implies the action of a king, who sits down to judge people and give decrees. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1353:3q9lirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileHe will refine them like gold and silver0Here persuading people not to sin any longer is spoken of as if a metalworker were making gold and silver more pure. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1363:3n3xsthey will bring offerings of righteousness to Yahweh0Here “of righteousness” means “motivated by righteous desires to worship God.” Alternate translation: “they will bring acceptable offerings to Yahweh in order to worship Yahweh”
1373:4ws2lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymythe offering of Judah and Jerusalem0Here “Judah” and “Jerusalem” stand for the people in those places. Alternate translation: “the offerings brought by the people of Judah and Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1383:4y8h1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelismas in the days of old, and as in ancient years0These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the offering was once pleasing to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “as it was in the distant past” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1393:5te3urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsThen I will approach you for judgment0Here “judgment” refers to the act of judging. Alternate translation: “Then I will approach you in order to judge you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1403:5dx2ioppress the hired worker in his wages0Alternate translation: “cause the hired worker to suffer by not paying him for his work”
1413:5k42erc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitturn away the foreigner0That is, turning away the foreigner from gaining his rights. Depriving people of their rights is spoken of as if it were physically turning them away from oneself. Perhaps the idea is turning away someone who comes for a wrong to be set right. Alternate translation: “deny foreigners living in Israel the rights that they should have” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1423:6mep4have not come to an end0Alternate translation: “have not perished”
1433:7ji32rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorFrom the days of your fathers you have turned aside from my statutes and have not kept them0Disobeying Gods statutes is spoken of as if it were turning away from them. Alternate translation: “You have disobeyed my statutes ever since the days of your ancestors” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1443:7deh7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorReturn to me, and I will return to you0Here loving each other and being faithful to each other is spoken of as if it were returning to each other. Alternate translation: “Love me and honor me, and I will always help you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1453:7l1irrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow will we return?0The people ask this question in order to claim that they have never stopped obeying God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have never gone away from you, so we cannot return to you.” or “We have never gone away from you, so it makes no sense to speak of us as returning to you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1463:8dn4irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWould a person rob God?0This question implies that the idea of robbing God is very wicked. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. God speaks of himself in the third person Alternate translation: “A man should certainly not rob God.” or “No one should ever rob me.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1473:8ijc5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionHow have we robbed you?0This question implies that the people do not think they have robbed God. Alternate translation: “We have certainly not robbed you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1483:8cy6mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitIn tithes and offerings0This reply from Yahweh implies a fuller answer. Alternate translation: “You have robbed me by withholding from me your tithes and offerings” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1493:9grs1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveYou are cursed with a curse0If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have certainly cursed you” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1503:9mr47you are robbing me, the whole nation0Here “nation” stands for the people to whom Yahweh is speaking. Alternate translation: “all of you in the whole nation are robbing me”
1513:10n4chthe full tithe0Alternate translation: “all the tithes”
1523:10dmr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphormy house0Here “house” stands for the temple. Alternate translation: “my temple” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1533:10wcp4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorand test me now in this & if I do not open to you the windows of heaven0Here the command “test me” stands for something that the people can do and should do: “if you test me.” This can be divided into two sentences also. Alternate translation: “And if you test me … I will open up the windows of heaven” or “And you should test me … If you do, I will open up the windows of heaven” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1543:12mfq1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorAll the nations will call you blessed0Here to be called blessed stands for being blessed. Alternate translation: “All the nations will know that you have been blessed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1553:12bvs1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyAll the nations0This expression stands for the people in all the nations. Alternate translation: “The people in all the nations” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1563:12rm7vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsa land of delight0Here “delight” stands for the condition in which the inhabitants of a land take delight in their land. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1573:13l55wGeneral Information:0# General Information:\n\nThese verses begin a new section in the book. Here Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel.
1583:13h229rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorYour words against me have been strong0Here “strong” stands for “harsh” or “terrible.” And “Your words” stands for “What you have said.” Alternate translation: “What you have said about me is terrible” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1593:13fv74rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat have we said among ourselves against you?0The people ask this question in order to claim that they have said nothing against God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have not said anything among ourselves against you.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1603:14hnv8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionWhat profit is it that we have kept his requirements or walked mournfully before Yahweh of hosts?0The people ask this question among themselves in order to make a statement. Alternate translation: “It is useless that we have kept his requirements and walked mournfully before Yahweh of hosts.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1613:14j6y1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwalked mournfully before Yahweh of hosts0Here “walk mournfully” stands for “behave in a sorrowful manner,” probably in order to indicate sorrow over their sins. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1623:14n7bsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorbefore Yahweh of hosts0Here this expression refers to God being aware of what the people were doing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1633:15maa8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwe call the arrogant blessed0Here to be called “blessed” stands for being blessed. Alternate translation: “we say that the arrogant are blessed” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1643:15a55nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassivewe call the arrogant blessed0This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we say that the arrogant are well off” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1653:15e45rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitescape0That is, “they escape Gods punishment.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1663:16e2b8General Information:0# General Information:\n\nThe event described here may have taken place after the godly people in Israel repented of their sins.
1673:16le6ya book of remembrance was written before him about those who feared Yahweh0This could mean: (1) the Israelites wrote a book so they would remember what they had promised and listed the names of people who feared Yahweh or (2) Yahweh caused someone in heaven to write a book with the names of people who feared him.
1683:16tdq5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsbook of remembrance0This expression refers to any book that helps people remember important things, such as events or people who lived in the past. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1693:16b8vcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyhonored his name0Here “his name” stands for God himself. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1703:17em21They will be mine0Alternate translation: “They will be my people”
1713:17j5aprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsmy own treasured possession0Here “possession” refers to ones personal property. This idea can be expressed with a verb. Alternate translation: “they will belong completely to me” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1723:17pp17I act0the time when Yahweh will judge and punish the rebellious Israelites, giving victory to the faithful Israelites
1733:18d9hzdistinguish between0Alternate translation: “see a difference between” or “treat differently”
1744:introazp50# Malachi 4 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Last days\nAlthough the Jews may have hoped these prophecies referenced a time in the near future to them, the prophecies of this chapter exclusively relate to the last days. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])
1754:1q73fsee0Alternate translation: “look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
1764:1y5w1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe day is coming, burning like a furnace0The disaster occurring at this time is spoken of as if the day itself were burning. Gods judgment is often spoken of as if it were a fire. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1774:1e9jyarrogant & evildoers0See how you translated these wordsd in [Malachi 3:15](../03/15.md).
1784:1i1qyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorall the arrogant and all the evildoers will become stubble0These people are spoken of as if they will become dried-up plants fit only for being burned. It is common for the Bible to speak of people as if they were plants or trees. Alternate translation: “all the arrogant and all the evildoers will burn up like dry plants” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1794:1f4xrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyThe day that is coming will burn them up0Here “the day” stands for the events that will occur on that day. Alternate translation: “On that day I will burn them up” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1804:1x4llrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merismit will leave them neither root nor branch0This expression continues to speak of people as if they were plants or trees. So being deprived of all roots and branches stands for being completely killed off. Alternate translation: “nothing will be left” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1814:2tqe5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyyou who fear my name0Here “my name” stands for Yahweh himself. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1824:2jc14the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings0This could mean: (1) Yahweh, who always acts righteously, will come and heal his people on that day or (2) on that day Yahweh will reveal the peoples righteousness and heal them.
1834:2p4ncrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounshealing in its wings0This could mean: (1) the act of healing someone is spoken of as if it were an object that the sun carried to people by means of its wings or (2) the healing takes place under the wings, that is, in the security God gives his people. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1844:2n991rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorwings0It was common in the Ancient Near East to speak of the sun as if it had wings, with which it moved across the sky. This could mean: (1) the suns life-giving rays of light are spoken of as if they were its wings or (2) the wings are said to cover Gods people so as to give them peace and safey. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1854:2is44rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileYou will go out, and you will leap like calves from the stall0Here the redeemed people of Yahweh are spoken of as if they were young bulls released from their stalls, allowed to go out into their pasture. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
1864:3cn2rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphoryou will trample down the wicked, for they will be ashes under the soles of your feet0Here the victory of Gods people is spoken of as if they were walking over the burned bodies of their enemies. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1874:3f8ctthey will be ashes0The Israelites enemies are spoken of as having been burned to ashes ([Malachi 4:1](../04/01.md)).
1884:4if2vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsRemember the teaching of my servant Moses that I gave him0If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **teaching**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “taught.” Alternate translation: “Remember what I taught my servant Moses” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1894:4td5cRemember0Here “Remember” stands for “Think about” and, at the same time, “Obey.”
1904:4n5drHoreb0This is another name for Sinai.
1914:4r85grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyall Israel0Here “all Israel” is a reference to all the people in the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1924:4arq6the statutes0These are the laws that God gave Israel for all time.
1934:4l5p2the rulings0These are legal decisions meant to make clear how the general statutes apply to everyday life.
1944:5cnc1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorthe coming of the great and fearful day of Yahweh0Here the occurrence of this day is spoken of as if it were coming. Alternate translation: “before the great and fearful day of Yahweh happens” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1954:5s6igthe great and fearful day of Yahweh0This expression refers to any time in which Yahweh acts decisively.
1964:6kql7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorHe will turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers0Here changing how people think is spoken of as if it were turning their hearts. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])