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| 1 | Book | Chapter | Verse | ID | SupportReference | OrigQuote | Occurrence | GLQuote | OccurrenceNote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 3JN | front | intro | kwv9 | 0 | # Introduction to 3 John<br><br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 3 John<br><br>1. Introduction (1:1)<br>1. Encouragement and instructions to show hospitality (1:2-8)<br>1. Diotrephes and Demetrius (1:9-12)<br>1. Conclusion (1:13-14)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 3 John?<br><br>The letter does not give the name of the author. The author only identified himself as **The elder** (1:1). The letter was probably written by the Apostle John near the end of his life.<br><br>### What is the Book of 3 John about?<br><br>John wrote this letter to a believer named Gaius. He instructed Gaius to be hospitable to fellow believers who were traveling through his area.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, **_3 John_** or **_Third John_**. Or they may choose a clearer title, such as **_The Third Letter from John_** or **_The Third Letter John Wrote_**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is hospitality?<br><br>Hospitality was an important concept in the ancient Near East. It was important to be friendly towards foreigners or outsiders and provide help to them if they needed it. In 2 John, John discouraged Christians from showing hospitality to false teachers. In 3 John, John encouraged Christians to show hospitality to faithful teachers.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How does the author use family relationships in his letter?<br><br>The author used the terms **brother** and **children** in a way that can be confusing. The scriptures often used the term **brothers** to refer to Jews. But in this letter, John used the word to refer to Christians. Also, John called some believers his **children**. These are believers he taught to obey Christ.<br><br>John also used the term **Gentile** in a way that could be confusing. The scriptures often used the term **Gentile** to refer to people who are not Jews. But in this letter, John used the word to refer to those who did not believe in Jesus. | |||
| 3 | 3JN | 1 | 1 | rni7 | figs-you | 0 | General Information: | This is a personal letter from John to Gaius. All instances of **you** and **your** refer to Gaius and are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) | |
| 4 | 3JN | 1 | 1 | w99t | figs-explicit | ὁ πρεσβύτερος | 1 | The elder | This refers to John, the apostle and disciple of Jesus. He refers to himself as **elder** either because of his old age or because he is a leader in the church. The name of the author can be made explicit: “I, John the elder, am writing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) |
| 5 | 3JN | 1 | 1 | lls6 | translate-names | Γαΐῳ | 1 | Gaius | This is a fellow believer to whom John is writing this letter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
| 6 | 3JN | 1 | 1 | mp9w | ὃν ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ | 1 | whom I love in truth | **_whom I truly love_** | |
| 7 | 3JN | 1 | 2 | v6dv | περὶ πάντων…σε εὐοδοῦσθαι καὶ ὑγιαίνειν | 1 | everything for you to prosper and to be healthy | **_you may do well in all things and be healthy_** | |
| 8 | 3JN | 1 | 2 | i269 | καθὼς εὐοδοῦταί σου ἡ ψυχή | 1 | just as your soul prospers | **_just as you are doing well spiritually_** | |
| 9 | 3JN | 1 | 3 | b4zh | ἐρχομένων ἀδελφῶν | 1 | brothers came | **_fellow believers came_**. These people were probably all male. | |
| 10 | 3JN | 1 | 3 | y7q3 | figs-metaphor | σὺ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ περιπατεῖς | 1 | you are walking in truth | Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Alternate translation: “you are living your life according to God’s truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 11 | 3JN | 1 | 4 | w79m | figs-metaphor | τὰ ἐμὰ τέκνα | 1 | my children | John speaks of those he taught to believe in Jesus as though they were his children. This emphasizes his love and concern for them. It could also be that he himself led them to the Lord. Alternate translation: “my spiritual children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 12 | 3JN | 1 | 5 | vl13 | 0 | Connecting Statement: | John’s purpose in writing this letter is to compliment Gaius in the way he took care of traveling Bible teachers; then he talks about two people, one evil and one good. | ||
| 13 | 3JN | 1 | 5 | tmh1 | ἀγαπητέ | 1 | Beloved | Here **Beloved** is used as a term of endearment for Gaius as a fellow believer. | |
| 14 | 3JN | 1 | 5 | gs6x | πιστὸν ποιεῖς | 1 | you are doing a faithful thing | **_you are doing what is faithful to God_** or **_you are being loyal to God_** | |
| 15 | 3JN | 1 | 5 | g4gz | ὃ, ἐὰν ἐργάσῃ εἰς τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς καὶ τοῦτο ξένους | 1 | whenever you work for the brothers, and this for strangers | **_help fellow believers and those you do not know_** | |
| 16 | 3JN | 1 | 6 | wzf6 | οἳ ἐμαρτύρησάν σου τῇ ἀγάπῃ ἐνώπιον ἐκκλησίας | 1 | who have borne witness of your love in the presence of the church | These words describe the **strangers** (verse 5). **_strangers who have told the believers in the church about how you have loved them_** | |
| 17 | 3JN | 1 | 6 | pb64 | καλῶς ποιήσεις, προπέμψας | 1 | You do well to send them on their journey | John is thanking Gaius for his normal practice of helping these believers. | |
| 18 | 3JN | 1 | 7 | d8y1 | figs-metonymy | γὰρ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἐξῆλθον | 1 | because they went out for the sake of the name | Here **the name** refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “for they have gone out to tell people about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
| 19 | 3JN | 1 | 7 | yzc8 | μηδὲν λαμβάνοντες | 1 | receiving nothing | receiving no gifts or help | |
| 20 | 3JN | 1 | 7 | hk3p | τῶν ἐθνικῶν | 1 | the Gentiles | Here **Gentiles** does not just mean people who are not Jewish. It implies people who do not trust in Jesus. | |
| 21 | 3JN | 1 | 8 | d2l7 | ἵνα συνεργοὶ γινώμεθα τῇ ἀληθείᾳ | 1 | so that we become fellow workers for the truth | **_so that we will cooperate with them in announcing God’s truth to people_** | |
| 22 | 3JN | 1 | 8 | ab01 | figs-personification | τῇ ἀληθείᾳ | 1 | for the truth | “The truth” is spoken of here as though it were a person that John, Gaius, and others worked for. It could mean (1) “the true message from God” as in the UST, or it could mean (2) “God, who is Truth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) |
| 23 | 3JN | 1 | 9 | tm9q | τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ | 1 | the church | This refers to Gaius and the group of believers who met together to worship God. | |
| 24 | 3JN | 1 | 9 | cz9d | translate-names | Διοτρέφης | 1 | Diotrephes | He was a member of the congregation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
| 25 | 3JN | 1 | 9 | s82w | ὁ φιλοπρωτεύων αὐτῶν | 1 | who loves to be first among them | **_who loves to be the most important one among them_** or **_who loves to act as though he’s their leader_** | |
| 26 | 3JN | 1 | 9 | dp1v | figs-exclusive | ἡμᾶς | 1 | us | The word **us** refers to John and those with him and does not include Gaius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) |
| 27 | 3JN | 1 | 10 | f6qj | λόγοις πονηροῖς φλυαρῶν ἡμᾶς | 1 | accusing us with evil words | **_and how he says evil things about us that certainly are not true_** | |
| 28 | 3JN | 1 | 10 | wi6a | αὐτὸς ἐπιδέχεται τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς | 1 | he does not receive the brothers | **_did not welcome the fellow believers_** | |
| 29 | 3JN | 1 | 10 | it7p | figs-ellipsis | τοὺς βουλομένους κωλύει | 1 | stops those who are willing | There are words left out but they are understood. Alternate translation: “stops those who want to welcome the believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) |
| 30 | 3JN | 1 | 10 | g98b | ἐκ τῆς ἐκκλησίας ἐκβάλλει | 1 | puts them out of the church | **_he forces them to leave the congregation_** | |
| 31 | 3JN | 1 | 11 | a3z8 | ἀγαπητέ | 1 | Beloved | Here **Beloved** is used as a term of endearment for Gaius as a fellow believer. See how you translated this in [3 John 1:5](../01/05.md). | |
| 32 | 3JN | 1 | 11 | pv24 | μὴ μιμοῦ τὸ κακὸν | 1 | do not imitate what is evil | **_do not copy the evil things that people do_** | |
| 33 | 3JN | 1 | 11 | sz2h | figs-ellipsis | ἀλλὰ τὸ ἀγαθόν | 1 | but what is good | There are words left out but they are understood. Alternate translation: “but imitate the good things that people do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) |
| 34 | 3JN | 1 | 11 | cm8t | ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν | 1 | is from God | **_comes from God_** | |
| 35 | 3JN | 1 | 11 | zan2 | figs-metaphor | οὐχ ἑώρακεν τὸν Θεόν | 1 | has not seen God | **_Seeing_** here is a metaphor that stands for knowing or understanding. Alternate translation: “has not known God” or “has not believed in God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) |
| 36 | 3JN | 1 | 12 | pl7i | figs-activepassive | Δημητρίῳ μεμαρτύρηται ὑπὸ πάντων | 1 | Demetrius is borne witness to by all | This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All who know Demetrius bear witness of him” or “Every believer who knows Demetrius speaks well of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) |
| 37 | 3JN | 1 | 12 | m22h | translate-names | Δημητρίῳ | 1 | Demetrius | This is probably a man whom John wants Gaius and the congregation to welcome when he comes to visit. He may be the person delivering this letter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) |
| 38 | 3JN | 1 | 12 | rad4 | figs-personification | ὑπὸ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀληθείας | 1 | by the truth itself | **_the truth itself speaks well of him_**. Here **truth** is described as thoughj it were a person speaking. **Truth** here refers to **_the true message from God_**. Alternate translation: “everyone who knows the truth knows he is a good person.” Also see the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]]) |
| 39 | 3JN | 1 | 12 | s712 | figs-ellipsis | καὶ ἡμεῖς δὲ μαρτυροῦμεν | 1 | And we also bear witness | What John is confirming is implied and can be made specific here. Alternate translation: “And we also speak well of Demetrius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]]) |
| 40 | 3JN | 1 | 12 | a16a | figs-exclusive | ἡμεῖς | 1 | we | Here **we** refers to John and those with him and does not include Gaius. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]) |
| 41 | 3JN | 1 | 13 | v27c | 0 | General Information: | This is the end of John’s letter to Gaius. He gives some final remarks and closes with a greeting. | ||
| 42 | 3JN | 1 | 13 | am6k | figs-metonymy | οὐ θέλω διὰ μέλανος καὶ καλάμου σοι γράφειν | 1 | I do not wish to write them to you with ink and pen | This is a metonymy, **ink and pen** standing for the process of writing. John is not saying that he would write them with something other than ink and pen. He is saying that he does not wish to write these other things at all. Alternate translation: “I do not want to write about them to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) |
| 43 | 3JN | 1 | 14 | r8i4 | figs-idiom | στόμα πρὸς στόμα | 1 | mouth to mouth | Here **mouth to mouth** is an idiom, meaning **_in person_**. Alternate translation: “in person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) |
| 44 | 3JN | 1 | 15 | v8yj | εἰρήνη σοι | 1 | Peace to you | **_May God give you peace_** | |
| 45 | 3JN | 1 | 15 | mhs1 | ἀσπάζονταί σε οἱ φίλοι | 1 | The friends greet you | **_The friends here greet you_** | |
| 46 | 3JN | 1 | 15 | lq8r | ἀσπάζου τοὺς φίλους κατ’ ὄνομα | 1 | Greet the friends by name | **_Greet each of the believers there for me_** |