unfoldingWord_en_tn/tn_2SA.tsv

1	Reference	ID	Tags	SupportReference	Quote	Occurrence	Note
2	front:intro	bs9v				0	# Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of 2 Samuel\n\n1. The first years of David’s reign (1:1–7:29)\n * Saul is killed; David is kind to Ishbosheth (1:1–4:12)\n * David defeats the Philistines (5:1–25)\n * Victories, the ark, the house of God (6:1–7:29)\n1. David extends his rule to all the Promised Land (8:1–10:19)\n1. David’s sin with Bathsheba (11:1–12:31)\n1. Amnon and Tamar; Absalom kills Amnon (13:1–14:33)\n1. The later years of David’s reign (15:1–24:25)\n * Absalom rebels and is killed (15:1–18:33)\n * David’s kingdom restored (19:1–20:26)\n * Famine and warfare (21:1–14)\n * David’s song of praise (22:1–23:7)\n * David’s mighty men (23:8–39)\n * Yahweh judges David’s sin of numbering the people; the plague stopped (24:1–25)\n\n### What is the Book of 2 Samuel about?\n\nThis book is about David ruling as king over Israel. He first ruled over the tribe of Judah for seven years. Then the other eleven tribes agreed to have him become their king. He ruled over all Israel for thirty-three years.\n\nThroughout this time, David led his army to fight foreign enemies who attacked Israel. However, he struggled the most against someone in his own family. Absalom, his son, rebelled and fought against him ([2 Samuel 13–19](../13/01.md)).\n\nThe Book of 2 Samuel also tells about when David sinned greatly. He slept with Bathsheba, the wife of Uriah the Hittite. When she became pregnant, David arranged for Uriah to be killed in battle. David and all Israel suffered much because of David’s sin. However, the writer also tells of Yahweh repeatedly showing David grace and love after David repented of his sin.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nTranslators can use the traditional title “2 Samuel,” or “Second Samuel.” Or translators may consider a clearer title such as “The Second Book about Samuel, Saul, and David.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### What was the purpose of the Book of 2 Samuel?\n\nThe Book of 2 Samuel begins where 1 Samuel ended. The writer continues to show how the tribes of Israel unite under the first kings of Israel. The Book of 2 Samuel centers around David as the king Yahweh chose to lead Israel.\n\n### Who wrote the Book of 2 Samuel?\n\nIt is uncertain who wrote 2 Samuel. It may have been someone alive soon after King Solomon died. When Solomon died, the kingdom of Israel split into two kingdoms. The author probably lived in the southern kingdom of Judah. A descendant of David continued to rule over the southern kingdom. The author may have written 2 Samuel to defend David’s right to be king. This would prove that David’s descendant was the rightful king of God’s people.\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### What covenant had its beginning in the Book of 2 Samuel?\n\nIn 2 Samuel 7, Yahweh made a covenant with David. God promised to make a descendant of David rule forever over Israel. Christians believe that Jesus Christ fulfills this covenant. Jesus was a descendant of David. Jesus is the true “anointed one,” the person God chose to be king forever. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### Why does the book refer to someone being addressed indirectly?\n\nDavid frequently refers to himself as “your servant” when he speaks to King Saul. He also calls Saul “my master.” Indirectly addressing a person in this way can be difficult to translate. It is intended to show that the speaker submits to the one being addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” or “ma’am” in this way.\n\n### Can I translate this book before 1 Samuel?\n\nThe Book of 1 Samuel should be translated before 2 Samuel, since 2 Samuel continues from where 1 Samuel ends.\n\n### How is the name “Israel” used in the Bible?\n\nThe name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])\n\n2 Samuel speaks of both the northern kingdom of Israel and the whole nation of Israel as “Israel.” However, these references appear in the narrative long before the two kingdoms split apart. It seems clear that the references to Israel and Judah indicate that the author wrote 2 Samuel at a time after the kingdoms split. (See: [2 Samuel 2:10](../02/10.md); [2 Samuel 3:10](../03/10.md); [2 Samuel 5:5](../05/05.md); [2 Samuel 11:11](../11/11.md); [2 Samuel 12:8](../12/08.md); [2 Samuel 19:42–43](../19/42.md); [2 Samuel 21:2](../21/02.md); [2 Samuel 24:1](../24/01.md)).
3	1:intro	la44				0	# 2 Samuel 1 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 1:19–27.\n\nThis chapter continues the material from 1 Samuel.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### David’s funeral song\nDavid praised Saul and Jonathan as great warriors and Jonathan as his dearest friend.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Synecdoche\n\nDavid used two figures of speech to express that Jonathan and Saul were great warriors: “the bow of Jonathan did not turn back, and the sword of Saul did not return empty.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])\n\n### Parallelism\nDavid's funeral song uses a lot of parallelism, where similar ideas are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
4	1:1	q125		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	בְּ⁠צִקְלָ֖ג	1	This is the name of a city in the southern part of Judah.
5	1:2	v6vv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	וּ⁠בְגָדָ֣י⁠ו קְרֻעִ֔ים וַ⁠אֲדָמָ֖ה עַל־רֹאשׁ֑⁠וֹ	1	In this culture, tearing one’s own clothes and putting dirt on one’s head was an act of mourning.
6	1:2	js3t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	וַ⁠יִּפֹּ֥ל אַ֖רְצָ⁠ה וַ⁠יִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ	1	This was an act of showing submission to David, who was now the king of Israel.
7	1:6	uks7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication	נִקְרֹ֤א נִקְרֵ֨יתִי֙	1	This statement emphasizes that the man did not plan to meet Saul.
8	1:6	g386		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	שָׁא֖וּל נִשְׁעָ֣ן עַל־חֲנִית֑⁠וֹ	1	This could mean: (1) Saul was weak and using the spear to support himself or (2) Saul was attempting to kill himself by falling on his own spear.
9	1:8	x88n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	וַ⁠יֹּ֥אמֶר לִ֖⁠י מִי־אָ֑תָּה וָאֹמַ֣ר אֵלָ֔י⁠ו עֲמָלֵקִ֖י אָנֹֽכִי	1	These direct quotations could be stated as indirect speech. Alternate translation: “He asked me who I was, and I told him that I am an Amalekite”
10	1:8	nvy8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	עֲמָלֵקִ֖י	1	These are the same people David just finishing attacking in [2 Samuel 1:1](../01/01.md).
11	1:9	t8ly		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	אֲחָזַ֖⁠נִי הַ⁠שָּׁבָ֑ץ	1	Saul’s suffering is spoken of as something terrible that has grabbed hold of him. Alternate translation: “I am suffering terribly”
12	1:9	he7b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	כָל־ע֥וֹד נַפְשִׁ֖⁠י בִּֽ⁠י	1	This idiom means he is still alive. Alternate translation: “I am still alive”
13	1:10	fh71		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	כִּ֣י יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּ֛י לֹ֥א יִֽחְיֶ֖ה אַחֲרֵ֣י נִפְל֑⁠וֹ	1	Alternate translation: “he would die anyway”
14	1:11	lzf2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	וַ⁠יַּחֲזֵ֥ק דָּוִ֛ד בִּבְגָדָ֖יו וַ⁠יִּקְרָעֵ֑⁠ם וְ⁠גַ֥ם כָּל־הָ⁠אֲנָשִׁ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽ⁠וֹ	1	David and his men tore their clothes as a sign of mourning for the death of King Saul.
15	1:12	j5yt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	וְ⁠עַל־עַ֤ם יְהוָה֙ וְ⁠עַל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	Both statements mean basically same thing. Alternate translation: “and for the Israelites soldiers”
16	1:12	dhc9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	1	The word “house” is a metonym that represents the descendants of Israel.
17	1:12	h78c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	נָפְל֖וּ בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב	1	Here **fallen** is a polite way of referring to being killed. Alternate translation: “they had died”
18	1:12	oup3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב	1	**Sword** represents a battle. Alternate translation: “in battle”
19	1:14	f3mp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why were you not afraid to kill Yahweh’s anointed … hand?	0	This rhetorical question is used to rebuke the man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have feared Yahweh and not killed his anointed … hand!”
20	1:14	gdq9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Yahweh’s anointed king	0	This refers to Saul.
21	1:14	llc8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	with your own hand	0	This phrase refers to doing something yourself. Alternate translation: “yourself” or “personally”
22	1:15	k3ww		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	struck him down	0	This idiom means “killed him.”
23	1:16	sv2e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Your blood	0	Here “blood” is a metonym that implies “shed blood” and is associated with death. Alternate translation: “Your death”
24	1:16	re2j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	עַל־רֹאשֶׁ֑⁠ךָ	1	Here “your head” is a synecdoche referring to the man and means that he is responsible. Alternate translation: “is your fault”
25	1:16	ovsi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	פִ֗י⁠ךָ	1	Here “your own mouth” refers to the man himself. Alternate translation: “you yourself”
26	1:18	xw5d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The Bow	0	This was the title of the song.
27	1:18	rz25		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Look, {it is} written on the Scroll of the Upright	0	This is background information added to tell the reader what happened to the song in the future.
28	1:19	bch8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Your glory	0	“Your glory” refers to Saul.
29	1:19	luf3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the mighty	0	The phrase “the mighty” refers to both Saul and Jonathan.
30	1:19	ihzq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	גִבּוֹרִֽים	1	This is plural, and can be stated as “the mighty ones.”
31	1:19	v53l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	have fallen	0	The word “fallen” here means “died.”
32	1:20	new3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gath … Ashkelon	0	Gath and Ashkelon are two of the Philistines’ major cities. The Philistines killed Saul and Jonathan.
33	1:20	kk6n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the uncircumcised	0	This phrase refers to people who do not follow Yahweh, such as the Philistines.
34	1:21	yma7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe	Mountains of Gilboa	0	David speaks directly to the “Mountains of Gilboa” as if they were listening to his song.
35	1:21	k9a4			let there not be dew or rain on you	0	David curses the ground where King Saul died in the battle. This was out of reverence for Saul, who was God’s anointed king.
36	1:21	nbh3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the shield of the mighty was defiled	0	The “mighty” here refers to Saul and Jonathan.
37	1:21	bh3a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The shield of Saul is no longer anointed with oil	0	Saul’s shield was made of leather. To care for the shield, it was rubbed with oil. Alternate translation: “No one will care for Saul’s shield anymore”
38	1:22	px2s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	the sword of Saul did not return empty	0	Saul’s sword is spoken of as if it were a living thing that could return on its own. Rather than return empty, it was carrying the blood of Saul’s enemies that it killed.
39	1:23	zvc3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	in their death they were not separated	0	The phrase “were not separated” is used to emphasize that they were always together. Alternate translation: “even in death they were together”
40	1:23	k29g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	They were swifter than eagles, they were stronger than lions.	0	Saul and Jonathan were spoken of as if they were faster than eagles and stronger than lions.
41	1:25	s578		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	the mighty	0	Here “mighty” is plural and refers to Saul and Jonathan. Alternate translation: “the mighty warriors”
42	1:25	ap6l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	have fallen	0	This is a polite way to say “have died.”
43	1:25	l3rx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Jonathan is killed	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jonathan has died in battle” or “The enemy has killed Jonathan”
44	1:25	i3z2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe	on your high places	0	David continues to address this part of the song to the mountains of Gilboa as he started in [verse 21](../01/21.md).
45	1:26	eg6m			my brother Jonathan	0	Here “brother” is used in the sense of a very close friend.
46	2:intro	k322				0	# 2 Samuel 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the story of the civil war between Saul’s son and David.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Civil war\n\nThere was a civil war in Israel. David was made king of Judah and Saul’s uncle (Abner) made Saul’s son (Ishbosheth) king of the rest of Israel. When they fought each other, Abner killed Joab’s brother, but David’s army was victorious.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical question\n\nAbner finally stopped the battle with a rhetorical question to David’s army. “Must the sword devour forever?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
47	2:1	lt47		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	After this	0	Alternate translation: “After David mourned the deaths of Saul and Jonathan in battle”
48	2:1	ncw1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	go up to one of the cities of Judah	0	At this time David was in the city of Ziklag. David used the phrase “go up” because Ziklag was lower in elevation than Judah. Alternate translation: “travel to one of the cities of Judah”
49	2:2	x7ln		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	David went up with his two wives	0	At this time David was in the city of Ziklag. The narrator uses the phrase “went up” because Ziklag was lower in elevation than Hebron. Alternate translation: “David traveled to Hebron with his two wives”
50	2:4	jw8k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	anointed David king	0	In this symbolic act, they poured oil on David’s head to show that he was selected to be the king.
51	2:4	gc4b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the house of Judah	0	Here “house” is used in the sense of “tribe.” Alternate translation: “the tribe of Judah”
52	2:4	h1l8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jabesh Gilead	0	This is the name of a town in the region of Gilead.
53	2:6	jp9r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	this thing	0	They buried Saul.
54	2:7	ss4u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	let your hands be strong	0	Here “hands” refers to the people of Jabesh Gilead. Alternate translation: “be strong”
55	2:7	c3td		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	anointed me king	0	In this symbolic act, they poured oil on David’s head to show that he was selected to be the king.
56	2:8	m5pw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ner … Ishbosheth	0	These are the names of men.
57	2:8	i3ah		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahanaim	0	This is the name of a place.
58	2:9	e9wt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gilead … Jezreel	0	These are the names of places.
59	2:10	fb37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the house of Judah followed David	0	Obeying David’s rule is spoken of as “following” him. Alternate translation: “the tribe of Judah obeyed David as their king”
60	2:10	kz8s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	house of Judah	0	Here “house” is used to mean “tribe.”
61	2:12	t3hi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abner … Ner … Ishbosheth … Saul	0	These are the names of men.
62	2:13	n2wn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zeruiah	0	This is the name of a man.
63	2:16	ni8p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	they fell down together	0	This is a polite way of saying they died. Alternate translation: “they both died”
64	2:16	x416		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Helkath Hazzurim	0	This is a name given to remind people what happened there.
65	2:17	gm4c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The battle was very severe that day	0	It may be helpful to explicitly state that this was the large battle that followed the contest of the young men. Alternate translation: “Then the others started to fight also. It was a very fierce battle that day”
66	2:18	smv9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zeruiah … Joab … Abishai … Asahel	0	These are the names of men.
67	2:18	n11n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Asahel was swift in his feet like a wild gazelle	0	Here Asahel is compared to a gazelle, an animal that runs very fast. Alternate translation: “Asahel could run very fast”
68	2:18	aak9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	wild gazelle	0	This small, four-legged animal, with two long horns on its head, runs very fast.
69	2:20	jd6r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Asahel	0	This is the name of a man.
70	2:21	we6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Turn aside to your right or to your left … turn aside	0	Alternate translation: “Stop chasing me … stop chasing Abner”
71	2:22	mpv8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why should I strike you to the ground?	0	This rhetorical question is used to warn Asahel of the danger he faced. “Strike to the ground” is a polite way of saying “to kill.” Alternate translation: “I do not wish to kill you”
72	2:22	k44v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How then could I hold up my face to Joab, your brother?	0	This rhetorical question emphasizes that Abner does not want to fight and kill Asahel because it would destroy Abner’s relationship with Joab. Alternate translation: “I would be too ashamed to look at your brother, Joab”
73	2:22	phr4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	hold up my face to Joab	0	Here “hold up my face to Joab” is an idiom that means to look someone in the eye without guilt or negative emotions.
74	2:23	y5pa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	turn aside	0	This means to “halt” or “stop chasing.”
75	2:24	dk79		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai	0	This is the name of a man.
76	2:24	ja3r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	hill of Ammah … Giah	0	These are the names of places.
77	2:26	bju9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Must the sword devour forever?	0	This rhetorical question emphasizes that the battle had already continued too long. The killing in the battle is spoken of as if a wild animal was eating the soldiers. Alternate translation: “We do not need to keep using our swords to fight and kill each other.”
78	2:26	vzq4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	sword	0	Here “sword” refers to the fighting.
79	2:26	ukm3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Do you not know it will be bitter in the end?	0	This rhetorical question is used to force Joab to acknowledge that continued fighting could only result in more suffering. Alternate translation: “You know very well that there will be a terrible result if this continues!”
80	2:26	e6un		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How long will it be before you tell your men to stop pursuing their brothers?	0	This rhetorical question is intended to convince Joab to stop fighting their fellow Israelites. Alternate translation: “Stop this now so that Israelites will not have to kill each other!”
81	2:26	vx56		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	brother	0	Here “brother” is used to represent fellow Israelites.
82	2:27	yh65		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	Just as God lives	0	This is a very strong vow. Alternate translation: “With God as my witness” or “God will affirm that I mean what I say”
83	2:27	gze5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	if you had not said that … pursued their brothers until the morning	0	This hypothetical statement tells what might have happened if Abner had not spoken wisely to Joab.
84	2:28	qt3n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	blew the trumpet	0	Trumpets were used to signal orders to the armies across great distances.
85	2:28	zk88		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Israel	0	Here “Israel” refers to the Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: “the Israelite soldiers”
86	2:29	g9ir		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahanaim	0	These are the names of places.
87	2:30	ju9l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Asahel	0	This is the name of a man.
88	2:31	e92j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	the men of Abner	0	Alternate translation: “the men who followed Abner.”
89	2:31	d81h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Benjamin	0	This phrase means “the tribe of Benjamin.”
90	2:32	e5xq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	took up Asahel	0	Alternate translation: “carried Asahel’s body with them”
91	3:intro	ka39				0	# 2 Samuel 3 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter records the first attempt to end the civil war.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 3:33–34.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\nDavid never wanted to hurt Saul’s family. Isbosheth criticized Abner and Abner became angry. He decided to help David become king of all of Israel. Abner came and made a treaty with David. As he left, Joab arrived and told him he wanted to talk to him and he murdered Abner. David was very unhappy that Abner had been killed.
92	3:1	u6f1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	house	0	Here “house” is used to mean “family.”
93	3:1	lag1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	grew stronger and stronger	0	This metaphor means the number of people supporting David increased.
94	3:1	dju3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	grew weaker and weaker	0	This metaphor means the number of people supporting Saul’s family decreased.
95	3:2	w7d8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Sons were born to David	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “David’s wives gave birth to six sons”
96	3:2	q2r6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahinoam	0	This is the name of a woman, a wife of David.
97	3:3	j96y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	second son … third	0	These two sons were born after the “firstborn” (verse 2). This is the numerical order of David’s sons.
98	3:3	hxl2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abigail … Maacah	0	These are women’s names. They are the wives of David.
99	3:3	hy1j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kileab … Nabal … Talmai	0	These are men’s names.
100	3:4	m8yp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	fourth son … fifth son	0	This is the numerical order of David’s sons.
101	3:4	d5td		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Adonijah … Shephatiah	0	These are the names of David’s sons.
102	3:4	ai9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Haggith … Abital	0	These are names of David’s wives.
103	3:5	nky8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	the sixth	0	This is the numerical order of David’s sons.
104	3:5	n4tz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ithream	0	This is the name of one of David’s sons.
105	3:5	ujk6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Eglah	0	This is the name of one of David’s wives.
106	3:6	vrd9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	And it happened	0	This introduces a new event in the story of the struggle between David’s supporters and Saul’s family.
107	3:6	n8iu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	house of Saul	0	This refers to Saul’s family.
108	3:6	fu4e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	house of David	0	This refers to the supporters of David.
109	3:6	ahk2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Abner made himself strong in the house of Saul	0	Abner’s increasing power over Saul’s family is spoken of as if he became physically stronger. Alternate translation: “Abner gained more power over the family and supporters of Saul”
110	3:7	wnw6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Rizpah … Aiah	0	These are names of women.
111	3:7	nvs7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ishbosheth	0	This is a male name, a son of Saul.
112	3:7	y6er		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?	0	Ishbosheth asked this question to rebuke Abner who was acting like he was the king. Alternate translation: “You did not have the right to go in to father’s concubine!”
113	3:7	x31p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	gone in to	0	This is a euphemism for sexual relations. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with”
114	3:8	jcd6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah?	0	This question is used by Abner as an angry denial of Ishbosheth’s accusation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not a traitor!”
115	3:8	rjr7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah?	0	Abner speaks of himself as the head of a dog, which the Israelites considered to be loyal to anyone who fed them.
116	3:8	jb39		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	into the hand of David	0	Here “hand” represents the power to defeat. Alternate translation: “to be defeated by David”
117	3:8	lub9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	But now you accuse me of an offense concerning this woman?	0	Abner asks this question to rebuke Ishbosheth for questioning his loyalty.
118	3:9	a45s			May God do so to me … and more also, if I do not	0	This is the form of a solemn vow in that time. Abner is asking God to judge him severely if he does not keep his vow. Your language may have a way of expressing vows. Alternate translation: “I am asking God to punish me if I do not”
119	3:10	h7qr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the house of Saul	0	Here “house” refers to Saul’s family.
120	3:10	m8b2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	throne of David	0	This phrase refers to the authority of David as king.
121	3:12	y24c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants	to David	0	Some versions add “when he was at Hebron” and others do not. You may want to add the phrase if it is present in your national version.
122	3:12	alc7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Whose land is this?	0	Abner asks this question to imply that he did not consider Ishbosheth to rightfully be the king, and that Israel needs a different ruler.
123	3:12	mm4s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	my hand is with you	0	Here “hand” represents Abner’s assistance that he is offering to David. Alternate translation: “I will assist you”
124	3:13	r77z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	you cannot see my face unless you first bring Michal	0	David is stating the condition under which he will meet Abner. Here “face” refers to David himself. Alternate translation: “you cannot see me unless you bring Michal to me first”
125	3:13	mks3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Michal	0	This is the name of a daughter of Saul. She was David’s first wife.
126	3:15	ch63		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	took her from her husband	0	Paltiel was Michal’s second husband. Saul gave her to him after David fled from Saul.
127	3:15	z1ti		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Paltiel … Laish	0	These are the names of men.
128	3:16	uhj7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Bahurim	0	This is the name of a village.
129	3:18	js5z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Now do it	0	Alternate translation: “So now make David your king”
130	3:18	iac5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	By the hand of my servant David	0	Here “hand” refers to David’s power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate translation: “I will empower my servant David and”
131	3:18	c3te		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the hand of the Philistines	0	Here “hand” refers to power over Israel. Alternate translation: “the power of the Philistines”
132	3:18	d2l2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the hand of all their enemies	0	Here “hand” refers to power over Israel. Alternate translation: “the power of all of their enemies”
133	3:19	qv92		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the people of Benjamin … the whole house of Benjamin	0	Both of these statements refer to the descendants of Benjamin, who were one of the tribes of Israel.
134	3:21	k2bu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all Israel	0	This phrase means “all the people of Israel.”
135	3:21	ej77		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish	So David sent Abner away	0	They parted as friends. David was not angry with Abner.
136	3:23	e26m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns	they told Joab	0	Alternate translation: “someone told Joab”
137	3:23	d2r8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ner	0	This is a man’s name. He is the grandfather of Saul.
138	3:24	nzs6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What have you done?	0	Joab asks this question to rebuke David for letting Abner go in peace. Alternate translation: “You should not have done this!”
139	3:24	ia9h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why have you sent him away, and he is gone?	0	Joab asks this question to rebuke David for letting Abner escape. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Abner was here and you let him leave!”
140	3:25	c3xz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Do you not know … everything you are doing?	0	Joab asks this question to convince David that Abner is plotting against David. Alternate translation: “Surely you know … everything you are doing.”
141	3:26	v16b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	well of Sirah	0	“Sirah” is the name of a place where the well was located.
142	3:27	w3m9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	the middle of the gate	0	This refers to one of the gates in the city wall at Hebron.
143	3:27	us2y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the blood of Asahel	0	Here “blood” is associated with the death of Asahel. Alternate translation: “the death of Asahel”
144	3:27	fbb9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Asahel	0	This is the name of a male person.
145	3:28	esw1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the blood of Abner	0	Here “blood” refers to violent death. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Samuel 3:27](../03/27.md). Alternate translation: “the death of Abner” or “the murder of Abner”
146	3:28	kq45		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ner	0	This is the name of a man.
147	3:29	h3l1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	fall on the head of Joab and on all his father’s house	0	This phrase means the results of the guilt will happen to Joab and his family as if something heavy had collapsed on them. Alternate translation: “always cause suffering for Joab and for all his father’s house”
148	3:29	vz8z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all his father’s house	0	Here “house” refers to descendants. Alternate translation: “all the descendants of Joab’s father”
149	3:29	l3jd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	May there never fail to be	0	This double negative emphasizes that there will always be someone with the problems listed. Alternate translation: “May there always be”
150	3:29	lvn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	is killed by the sword	0	Here “sword” refers to violent death. Alternate translation: “dies violently”
151	3:30	x1zu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai … Asahel	0	These are the names of men.
152	3:31	g9pr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Tear your clothes, put on sackcloth	0	These were symbolic actions to demonstrate their grief and sadness.
153	3:32	d6g4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	The king wept and cried loudly	0	The words “wept” and “cried loudly” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how much David mourned for Abner.
154	3:33	aq3l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Should Abner die as a fool dies?	0	This rhetorical question is used to emphasize that his death was disgraceful. Alternate translation: “Abner should not have died in disgrace!”
155	3:34	b11c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Your hands were not bound. Your feet were not shackled	0	These two sentences express similar ideas.
156	3:34	ni42		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Your hands were not bound	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one had tied your hands”
157	3:34	uia7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Your feet were not shackled	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one had attached your feet to chains”
158	3:34	im2l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	the sons of injustice	0	This refers to people who are unjust or wicked. Alternate translation: “wicked men”
159	3:35	zt2v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	All the people came	0	This deliberate exaggeration is used to show that the nation of Israel wanted to take care of David in his grief. Alternate translation: “Many people came”
160	3:35	s8g2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	May God do so to me, and more also, if	0	This is the form of a solemn vow in that time. David is asking God to judge him severely if he eats anything before sunset. Your language many have a way of expressing vows. Alternate translation: “I am asking God to punish me if”
161	3:37	ax2q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ner	0	This is the name of a man.
162	3:38	z5pr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Do you not know that a prince and a great man has fallen this day in Israel?	0	This rhetorical question is used to show how much David respected Abner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is certainly true that a great prince has died today in Israel!”
163	3:38	igj9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	fallen	0	Here “fallen” is a euphemism that means “died.”
164	3:38	wxn9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys	a prince and a great man	0	These two phrases both refer to Abner. Alternate translation: “a great prince”
165	3:39	e6ux		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zeruiah	0	This is the name of a man.
166	4:intro	hm82				0	# 2 Samuel 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nWhile the end of the civil war occurs in this chapter, David still only reigned over Judah (1–4).\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### David and Ishbosheth\n\nDavid never sought revenge against Saul’s family. When two men snuck into Ishbosheth’s room, cut off his head and brought it to David, David had them killed for killing an innocent man. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nWhen two men brought Ishbosheth’s head to David and expected to get a reward for it, David condemned them with the rhetorical question: “should I not now require his blood from your hand, and remove you from the earth?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/condemn]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])
167	4:1	jmf8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ishbosheth	0	This is the name of a man.
168	4:1	jnb3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	his hands became weak	0	In this phrase “his hands” represents Ishbosheth himself. Alternate translation: “Ishbosheth became weak” or “Ishbosheth lost all strength”
169	4:2	zhe1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Baanah … Recab … Rimmon	0	These are names of men.
170	4:2	uag2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants	Now Saul’s son had two men	0	This introduces the men Baanah and Rechab into the story.
171	4:2	d6gi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	for Beeroth is also considered part of Benjamin	0	Here the author begins to provide background information about Beeroth for the reader. The area of Beeroth was part of the land that belonged to the tribe of Benjamin.
172	4:2	c93q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Beeroth	0	This is the name of a place.
173	4:3	uyh4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	and the Beerothites fled to Gittaim and have been living there until this very time	0	Here the author finishes providing background information about Beeroth for the reader. The area of Beeroth was part of the land that belonged to the tribe of Benjamin.
174	4:3	qq9m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gittaim	0	This is the name of a place.
175	4:4	th4j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background		0	This verse provides background information about Mephibosheth, a descendent of Saul through Jonathan instead of through Ishbosheth.
176	4:4	rav8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	crippled in his feet	0	This phrase means “unable to walk.”
177	4:4	d8qr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	the news about Saul and Jonathan	0	This refers to the news about their death.
178	4:4	zj2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	nurse	0	This is a woman or girl who is hired to care for young children.
179	4:4	xl1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mephibosheth	0	This is the name of Jonathan’s young son, the grandson of Saul.
180	4:5	f4qv			the heat of the day	0	the middle of the day, the part of the day when it is the hottest
181	4:8	n1gd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	sought your life	0	This idiom means “was trying to kill you.”
182	4:9	c7l9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	As Yahweh lives	0	This is one of the strongest oaths David could swear, as Yahweh is the witness. Alternate translation: “I swear on the life of Yahweh”
183	4:9	qe3v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	who delivered my life	0	Here “life” refers to David himself. This means that Yahweh has kept David alive. Alternate translation: “who rescued me”
184	4:11	ve2r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How much more … should I not now require his blood from your hand, and remove you from the earth?	0	This question is used to show that the men had committed an especially serious crime. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are even more guilty! It is my duty to require his blood from your hand and to remove you from the earth.”
185	4:11	pl52		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	require his blood from your hand	0	The phrase “his blood” represents the life of Ishbosheth.
186	4:12	b1ep		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	cut off their hands and feet and hung them up	0	These were symbolic actions to show contempt for the men.
187	4:12	a16g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	they took the head of Ishbosheth and buried it in the grave	0	This was a symbolic act to honor Ishbosheth. This could be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “they honored Ishbosheth by burying his head in the grave”
188	5:intro	jv2a				0	# 2 Samuel 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis records the beginning of the kingdom’s expansion.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### David conquers Jerusalem\n\nDavid brought the combined army to Jerusalem and conquered it by going in through the water shaft. He enlarged the city and strengthened the defenses, and made it his capital. Jerusalem is an important place in the plans of God.\n\n### David consulting God\n\nDavid always consulted God before fighting a battle. The Philistines invaded Israel trying to capture David. David asked God if he should attack the Philistines, and God said yes; so he defeated them. They invaded again and God told him to attack them from the rear and he defeated them again.
189	5:1	qs6r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	we are your flesh and bone	0	This phrase means “a relative.” Alternate translation: “we are related to you” or “we are of the same family” -
190	5:2	h5dx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	In the recent past	0	This is historical information. Saul had been their king before David.
191	5:2	fr5e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become ruler over Israel	0	These two clauses mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh had chosen David to be king.
192	5:2	rcd5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	You will shepherd my people Israel	0	Here ruling over the people is spoken of as shepherding them. Alternate translation: “You will care for my people Israel” or “You will rule over my people Israel”
193	5:3	ep1q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	They anointed David king over Israel	0	To “anoint” is a symbolic act to show that they recognized that God had chosen David as king.
194	5:6	j73y			You will not come here except to be turned away by the blind and the lame	0	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “If you come here, even the blind and the lame will be able to turn you away”
195	5:6	m16b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	the blind and the lame	0	Here “the blind” and “the lame” are nominal adjectives. Alternate translation: “those people who cannot see and those who cannot walk”
196	5:8	c5p9			David said, “Those who attack the Jebusites	0	David was speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David said to his soldiers, ‘Those who want to get rid of the Jebus people”
197	5:8	z3vc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The ‘blind and the lame’	0	This could mean: (1) the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem were so weak that it was as if they were handicapped, or (2) people who are physically lame and blind.
198	5:11	m9gy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hiram	0	This is the name of a man.
199	5:13	d3s6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	more sons and daughters were born to him	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he had more sons and daughters” or “they bore him more sons and daughters”
200	5:14	fcd9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Shammua … Shobab … Nathan … Solomon	0	These are the names of David’s sons.
201	5:14	lw16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	who were born to him	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that his wives bore for him” or “he had”
202	5:15	t2yz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ibhar … Elishua … Nepheg … Japhia	0	These are the names of David’s sons.
203	5:16	xzm3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Elishama … Eliada … Eliphelet	0	These are the names of David’s sons.
204	5:17	w75r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	they all went out looking for him	0	Here “all” is a generalization that means the Philistine army. Alternate translation: “the Philistine army went looking for him”
205	5:18	f39y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Valley of Rephaim	0	This is the name of a place.
206	5:20	sm5p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Baal Perazim	0	This is the name of a place.
207	5:20	n37i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Yahweh has burst through my enemies before me like a bursting flood of water	0	Here David speaks of the victory that Yahweh brought as if it were a flood of water that overflowed its banks and covered the land, causing destruction. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has overwhelmed my enemies like a flood overwhelms the land”
208	5:22	ipp2			the Philistines came up again	0	They “came up” because the Philistines lived at a lower elevation than David’s stronghold.
209	5:22	u2gr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Valley of Rephaim	0	This is the name of a place.
210	5:23	lzk7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	balsam woods	0	“Balsam” here is a type of tree.
211	5:24	vp29		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	When you hear … Yahweh will have gone out before you to attack the army of the Philistines	0	Yahweh here speaks of himself in the third person.
212	5:24	ccz2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	When you hear the sound of marching in the wind blowing through the balsam treetops	0	This speaks of the sound of the leaves rustling as wind blows through them as if it were the sound of marching. Alternate translation: “When the wind blowing through the tops of the balsam trees sounds like men marching”
213	5:25	z8t1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Geba … Gezer	0	These are the names of places.
214	6:intro	aen5				0	# 2 Samuel 6 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Holiness of the Ark\n\nDavid organized a procession with many musical instruments to bring the ark to Jerusalem. They put it on a cart; but when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah reached out to steady it so it would not fall. God killed him for touching the ark. David was angry at God for killing Uzzah and was afraid to bring the ark any further. Uzzah died because the ark was perfectly holy. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
215	6:1	dz26		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all the chosen men of Israel	0	This metonym represents the army of the nation of Israel.
216	6:2	bci3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	from Baalah in Judah to bring up from there the ark of God	0	It is implied that they are taking the ark to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “from Baalah in Judah to take to Jerusalem the ark of God”
217	6:2	vy3h			to bring up from there the ark of God	0	Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it.
218	6:2	jrd4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	to bring up	0	The word “bring” can be translated as “take.”
219	6:2	t6ln		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Baalah	0	This is the name of a place.
220	6:2	pkw6			which is called by the name of Yahweh of hosts	0	Yahweh’s name was written on the ark.
221	6:2	ima6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	who sits enthroned over the cherubim	0	You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are carved statues on the lid of the ark of the covenant.
222	6:2	uyvf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit		0	The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh’s footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above.
223	6:3	b2eb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abinadab … Uzzah … Ahio	0	These are names of men.
224	6:5	h1vh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all the house of Israel	0	This metonym represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the other Israelites with him”
225	6:5	g4xk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	tambourines	0	A tambourine is a musical instrument like the head of a drum with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken or hit.
226	6:6	ju6g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Nakon	0	This is the name of a man.
227	6:7	yht6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	anger of Yahweh burned	0	Here the anger of Yahweh is spoken of as if it were fire.
228	6:7	b8dy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	for his sin	0	It was a sin for Uzzah to touch the ark because Yahweh had commanded that no one should touch the ark.
229	6:8	e8lq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Perez Uzzah	0	This is the name of a place. Translator may add a footnote that says, “The name ‘Perez Uzzah’ means ‘the punishment of Uzzah.’”
230	6:8	tqy3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	to this day	0	This means to the time when this was being written.
231	6:9	yx34		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How can the ark of Yahweh come to me?	0	David uses this question to emphasize that he is afraid to take the ark to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “I am too afraid to bring the ark of Yahweh with me to Jerusalem.”
232	6:10	qjd6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Obed Edom the Gittite	0	This is the name of a man.
233	6:11	a4fg			blessed him	0	Here “him” refers to Obed Edom the Gittite.
234	6:12	j7ru		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	King David was told	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people told King David”
235	6:12	tg1q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Obed Edom’s house	0	Here “house” represents a family. Alternate translation: “Obed Edom and his family”
236	6:12	tke4			brought up the ark of God	0	Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it. Alternate translation: “moved the ark of God” or “took the ark of God”
237	6:12	d195		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	brought up	0	The word “brought” can be translated as “took.”
238	6:14	m97q			David danced before Yahweh with all his might	0	Dancing here is a form of joyfully worshiping Yahweh.
239	6:14	ubu5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	linen	0	a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant
240	6:15	td5n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all the house of Israel	0	Here “house” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the other Israelites with him”
241	6:16	jz44		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Michal	0	Michal was the daughter of King Saul and also David’s first wife. See how you translated this name in [2 Samuel 3:13](../03/13.md).
242	6:16	tjm7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	she despised him in her heart	0	Here “heart” represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate translation: “she looked at him with disdain” or “she sneered at him”
243	6:16	b6w2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	before Yahweh	0	Alternate translation: “to Yahweh”
244	6:18	k4ta		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hosts	0	To bless “in the name of Yahweh of hosts” means to bless with Yahweh’s power and authority or as his representative.
245	6:20	k14x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	came out	0	Here “came” can be translated as “went.”
246	6:20	jd22		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	How honored the king of Israel was today	0	This is an ironic statement. Michal means the opposite of what she said, and she does not believe David acted honorably. Michal speaks disrespectfully to King David about his dancing attire and behavior.
247	6:20	nsq4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	before the eyes of the slave girls	0	Here “eyes of the slave girls” represents the slave girls. Alternate translation: “in front of the slave girls”
248	6:20	b7au		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	crude fellows	0	Michal is comparing David to vulgar and foolish men.
249	6:21	pz59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you	who chose me above your father	0	Here “your” refers to Michal.
250	6:21	a36n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	over the people of Yahweh, over Israel	0	Here “the people of Yahweh” and “Israel” mean the same thing.
251	6:22	run9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony	I will be even more undignified than this	0	David is being ironic and means the opposite of what he said. He does not believe what he did was actually undignified or that his actions in the future will be undignified.
252	6:22	y1pu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I will be humiliated in my own eyes	0	Here “in my own eyes” represents what a person considers or thinks about something. Alternate translation: “I will consider myself humiliated” or “I will consider myself a fool”
253	6:22	ifj3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	But by these slave girls you have spoken about, I will be honored	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the slave girls of whom you have spoken will honor me”
254	7:intro	c6fb				0	# 2 Samuel 7 General Notes\n\n### Covenant of David\n\nGod made a covenant with David that was not conditioned upon anything David or his descendants did. God promised that one of David’s descendants would rule Israel forever. Because Israel would not have a king in the future, this promise did not begin at this time. The descendant, who would rule forever, is Jesus. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])
255	7:1	cu7z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It happened	0	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
256	7:1	r5ag		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	given him rest from all his surrounding enemies	0	Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “caused the enemy people groups to stop attacking Israel”
257	7:3	q2im		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	do what is in your heart	0	Here “heart” represents the mind. Alternate translation: “do what you think you should”
258	7:3	aw2n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	for Yahweh is with you	0	Here “with you” means God is helping and blessing David.
259	7:4	l5r9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	the word of Yahweh came to Nathan, saying:	0	The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Nathan. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Nathan:”
260	7:5	kj3l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Will you build me a house in which to live?	0	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that David is not the one to build a house for Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will not build a house for me”
261	7:5	j3s5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	build me a house	0	Here “house” means a temple. In 7:11 Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David. There “house” means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:11.
262	7:7	t5dj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	did I ever say anything to any of Israel’s leaders whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, saying, “Why have you not built me a house of cedar?”	0	This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “did I ever ask any of Israel’s leaders, whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel, why they had not built me a house of cedar?”
263	7:7	azt9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	did I ever say anything to any of Israel’s leaders	0	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he never asked any of Israel’s leaders to build him a house. Alternate translation: “I never said anything to any of Israel’s leaders”
264	7:7	vnx2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	whom I appointed to shepherd my people Israel	0	Those who are leaders of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were shepherds and the people were sheep.
265	7:7	kek6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why have you not built me a house of cedar?	0	If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. Alternate translation: “You should have built me a house of cedar.”
266	7:8	xsx1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	tell my servant David, ‘This is what Yahweh of hosts says: I took you … so that you would be ruler over my people Israel.	0	This has quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST. Alternate translation: “tell my servant David that I took him … so that he would be ruler over my people Israel”
267	7:8	dae2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I took you from the pasture	0	David’s job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate translation: “I took you from your job as a shepherd”
268	7:9	euh7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	I have been with you wherever you went. I have cut off all your enemies from before you. Now I will make your name great, like the names of the great ones of the earth	0	This continues the quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate the direct quotations as indirect quotations as in the UST.
269	7:9	arz6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I have been with you	0	Here “with you” means that Yahweh has helped and blessed David.
270	7:9	pbz4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I have cut off all your enemies	0	Yahweh destroying David’s enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh cut them off, as one would cut a branch from a tree.
271	7:9	g9f5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	make your name great	0	Here “name” represents a person’s reputation.
272	7:9	vtf6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	the great ones	0	The phrase “great ones” means famous persons.
273	7:10	k1yc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I will appoint a place	0	Alternate translation: “I will choose a place”
274	7:10	etx1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	will plant them there	0	Yahweh causing the people to live in the land permanently and securely is spoken of as if he would plant them in the land.
275	7:11	wxh3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	from the days	0	Alternate translation: “from the time”
276	7:11	gat9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to be over my people Israel	0	To be in authority is referred to as being over someone. Alternate translation: “to rule my people Israel”
277	7:11	cyy5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	Now I will give you rest from all your enemies … declare to you that I will make you a house	0	If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
278	7:11	a1aw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	I will give you rest from all your enemies	0	Here “rest” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “I will make all your enemies stop attacking you”
279	7:11	ax6w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I will make you a house	0	Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel.
280	7:12	bvq2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	When your days are fulfilled and you lie down with your fathers	0	These two phrases have similar meanings and are combined for emphasis.
281	7:12	n74q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	כִּ֣י ׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗י⁠ךָ וְ⁠שָֽׁכַבְתָּ֙ אֶת־אֲבֹתֶ֔י⁠ךָ	0	They both are polite ways to refer to death and dying.
282	7:12	zh5i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I will raise up a descendant after you	0	Yahweh appointing David’s descendant is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift him up.
283	7:12	n1u2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	one who will come out from your body	0	This is an idiom that means the person will be David’s descendant.
284	7:12	wn76		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I will establish his kingdom	0	Here “his kingdom” represents his power to rule. Alternate translation: “I will make him to be a very powerful king”
285	7:13	rz89		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	a house for my name	0	Here “name” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “for me”
286	7:13	nmu3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever	0	Here “throne” represents the person’s power to rule as king. Alternate translation: “I will make his rule over Israel to last forever”
287	7:15	h75j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	But my covenant faithfulness will not leave him, as I took it from Saul	0	The word “faithfulness” is an abstract noun that can be stated as “faithfully loving.” Alternate translation: “I will never stop faithfully loving him as I stopped loving Saul”
288	7:15	a6sg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations	from before you	0	If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
289	7:16	q3bd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations	Your house … before you. Your throne	0	If in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md) and [2 Samuel 7:9](../07/09.md) you translated the direct quotations as indirect quotation, then you may need to change the pronouns to fit.
290	7:16	t2rk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	Your house and kingdom will be confirmed forever before you. Your throne will be established forever.	0	These two sentences have similar meanings and emphasize that David’s dynasty will last forever.
291	7:16	y1vv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	Your house and kingdom will be confirmed forever before you	0	Here the word “house” represents David’s descendants, who will rule as kings.
292	7:16	zrmu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	throne	0	Here “throne” represents the power to rule as king.
293	7:16	bu2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Your throne will be established forever	0	Alternate translation: “I will cause your descendants to rule over Israel forever”
294	7:17	mei7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	all these words	0	“all these things.” This refers to what Yahweh had said.
295	7:18	nf24		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Who am I, Yahweh God, and what is my family that you have brought me to this point?	0	David asks this question to express the deep emotion he felt from hearing Yahweh’s proclamation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “My family and I are not worthy of this honor, Yahweh God.”
296	7:19	tj8j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	in your sight	0	Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “in your judgment”
297	7:19	r9in		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	your servant’s family	0	Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “my family”
298	7:19	btd7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	your servant	0	Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “me”
299	7:20	sd87		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What more can I, David, say to you?	0	David uses this question to emphasize that he has nothing left to say to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “There is nothing more I can say to you.”
300	7:21	d51g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	For your word’s sake	0	Alternate translation: “Because of what you promised to do”
301	7:21	mia3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	to your servant	0	David refers to himself as “your servant.” It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “to me”
302	7:22	s9d3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	as we have heard with our own ears	0	The phrase “with our own ears” is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “as we ourselves have heard”
303	7:22	eu9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive	as we have heard	0	Here “we” refers to David and the nation of Israel.
304	7:23	gt3c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What nation is like your people Israel, the one nation on earth whom you, God, went and rescued for yourself?	0	David uses a question emphasize that there is no other nation like Israel. Alternate translation: “There is no nation like your people Israel, the one nation on earth whom you, God, went and rescued for yourself.”
305	7:23	u6gx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	to make a name for yourself	0	Here “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “to make all people know who you are”
306	7:23	gpj6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	for your land	0	Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “for your people”
307	7:25	wp22		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	may the promise that you made concerning your servant and his family be established forever	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “may you do what you promised to me and my family, and may your promise never change”
308	7:25	i7rz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	your servant and his family	0	David is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. Alternate translation: “me and my family”
309	7:26	yq4v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	May your name be forever great	0	Here “name” represents Yahweh’s reputation.
310	7:26	tv8x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the house of me, David, your servant	0	Here “house” represents family. Alternate translation: “my family”
311	7:26	r53a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	is established before you	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “is secure because of you” or “continues because of you”
312	7:27	i375		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	to your servant that you will build him a house	0	David refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “to me that you will build me a house”
313	7:27	l4yn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	that you will build him a house	0	Here the metonym “house” refers to David’s ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel.
314	7:27	fs5t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	house	0	Here “house” represents David’s family.
315	7:29	n6ik		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	with your blessing your servant’s house will be blessed forever	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will continue to bless my family forever”
316	7:29	k3a5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	your servant’s house	0	Here David refers to himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “my house” or “my family”
317	8:intro	hc4j				0	# 2 Samuel 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter returns to the theme of the expansion of David’s kingdom.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God enabled victory\n\nGod enabled David to conquer all the surrounding nations. Much of the loot and tribute David received, he saved for the temple that his son would build.
318	8:1	drj7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	David attacked	0	Here David represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers attacked”
319	8:2	xbr2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Then he defeated	0	Here “he” refers to David who represents his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Then they defeated”
320	8:3	r73a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	David then defeated Hadadezer	0	Here both “David” and “Hadadezer” represent their armies. Alternate translation: “David and his army then defeated the army of Hadadezer”
321	8:3	y7af		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hadadezer … Rehob	0	These are the names of men.
322	8:3	met2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zobah	0	This is the name of a region in Aram.
323	8:4	cc6y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	David hamstrung	0	This is a practice where the tendons in the backs of the legs are cut so that the horses cannot run.
324	8:5	u7vw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	David killed	0	Here David represents his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers killed”
325	8:6	ph45		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	put garrisons in Aram	0	Alternate translation: “ordered large groups of his soldiers to remain in Aram”
326	8:7	ft9e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	David took	0	Here “David” refers to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David’s soldiers took”
327	8:8	qtw6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	King David took	0	Here “David” refers to him and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “King David’s soldiers took”
328	8:8	nu2q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tebah and Berothai	0	These are the names of places.
329	8:9	t4en		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tou	0	These are the names of men.
330	8:9	le1q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hamath	0	This is the name of a place.
331	8:9	l3de		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	David had defeated	0	Here “David” refers to him and his army. Alternate translation: “David and his army had defeated”
332	8:10	yiq3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tou … Hadoram	0	These are the names of men.
333	8:12	cjj3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	and Amalek	0	Alternate translation: “and the Amalekites”
334	8:12	z5x6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hadadezer son of Rehob, the king of Zobah	0	See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 8:3](../08/03.md).
335	8:13	hrc2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	David’s name was well known	0	Here “name” refers to David’s reputation. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “David was very famous”
336	8:13	c9s7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Valley of Salt	0	This is the name of a place. Its exact location is unknown.
337	8:13	th6r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	eighteen thousand men	0	“18,000 men”
338	8:14	gc6u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	He placed garrisons throughout all of Edom	0	Alternate translation: “He ordered groups of his soldiers to remain in areas throughout all of Edom”
339	8:16	r8xj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Joab … Zeruiah	0	See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
340	8:16	nig1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahilud	0	This is the name of a man.
341	8:17	k3p5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahitub … Ahimelech … Seraiah	0	These are names of men.
342	8:18	gm1f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Benaiah … Jehoiada	0	These are names of men.
343	8:18	xxs8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kerethites … Pelethites	0	These are names of people-groups. These people were David’s bodyguards.
344	9:intro	lwh6				0	# 2 Samuel 9 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### David’s vow\nDavid determined to fulfill his vow to Jonathan to care for Jonathan’s descendants. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical question and metaphor\n\nJonathan’s son expressed his surprise and feeling of unworthiness with a rhetorical question: “What is your servant, that you should look with favor on such a dead dog as I am?” and by a metaphor comparing himself to “a dead dog.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
345	9:2	id7a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ziba	0	This is the name of a man.
346	9:2	ura2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	I am your servant	0	Ziba calls himself “your servant” to show great respect to David.
347	9:3	j5la		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	I may show the kindness of God	0	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **kindness**, you can express the same idea with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “I may be kind as I promised God I would be”
348	9:3	u7ba		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	who is lame in his feet	0	The word “feet” here refers to the ability to walk. Alternate translation: “who is unable to walk”
349	9:4	ee6a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Machir … Ammiel	0	These are names of men.
350	9:4	st1r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Lo Debar	0	This is the name of a place.
351	9:5	tj7u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	King David sent	0	It is understood that David sent messengers.
352	9:6	wni4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	came to David	0	The word “came” can be translated as “went.”
353	9:6	huu6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	I am your servant	0	Mephibosheth refers to himself as “your servant” to show great honor to David.
354	9:7	zy8z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	you will always eat at my table	0	Here “my table” represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate translation: “you will always eat with me”
355	9:8	fvp8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What is your servant, that you should look with favor on such a dead dog as I am?	0	This rhetorical question shows that Mephibosheth understands that he is not important enough for the king to take care of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am like a dead dog. I do not deserve for you to be kind to me.”
356	9:8	j13e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	such a dead dog	0	Here Mephibosheth represents the line of Saul, and he compares himself to a “dead dog.” Dogs were feral animals, not cared for, and of little importance. A dead dog would be considered even less important. Alternate translation: “such a person like me who is worthless as a dead dog”
357	9:10	cb8w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	must always eat at my table	0	Here “my table” represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate translation: “must always eat with me”
358	9:11	fwy9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	Your servant will do all that my master the king commands his servant	0	Ziba refers to himself as “your servant” and refers to David as “my master.” Alternate translation: “I, your servant will do all that you, my king, command me to do”
359	9:12	eu17		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mika	0	This is the name of the son of Mephibosheth.
360	9:12	u3qr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	All who lived in the house of Ziba	0	Here “house” represents Ziba’s family. Alternate translation: “All of Ziba’s family”
361	9:13	caj8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	he always ate at the king’s table	0	Here “table” represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate translation: “he always ate with the king at his table”
362	9:13	du2g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	though he was lame in both his feet	0	Here “feet” represents the ability to walk. Alternate translation: “though he was unable to walk”
363	10:intro	abca				0	# 2 Samuel 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThe chapter records the last expansion of David’s kingdom. This chapter is also the beginning of a section dealing with the war between Israel and Ammon.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Shame\n\nIt was apparently the cause of shame or embarrassment in ancient Ammon to have their beards shaved off or to have their garments cut off. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter
364	10:1	g3zs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hanun	0	This is the name of a man.
365	10:2	k9r2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hanun … Nahash	0	These are the names of men.
366	10:3	r4at		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Do you really think that … you?	0	The leaders use a question to suggest to the king that he should not trust David. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to think that … you!”
367	10:3	gmb8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Has not David … overthrow it?	0	The leaders use a question to suggest to the king that he should not trust David. Alternate translation: “You need to know that David … overthrow it.”
368	10:3	d8ec		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	in order to overthrow it	0	Here “it” refers to the city which represents the people who live there. Alternate translation: “in order to conquer us”
369	10:3	bm5t			the city	0	Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
370	10:4	g9ma		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	shaved off half their beards	0	This act was meant as an insult to humiliate the men.
371	10:5	v21l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	then return	0	It is understood that they should return to Jerusalem.
372	10:6	v8si		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	they had become a stench to David	0	The phrase “become a stench” is a metaphor for “they had become offensive.” Alternate translation: “they had become offensive like a bad smell to David”
373	10:6	t6tc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Beth Rehob … Zobah … Maacah … Tob	0	These are the names of places.
374	10:8	u7sj			to their city gate	0	Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
375	10:10	ka2a			The rest of his people he put into the hand of Abishai his brother	0	Alternate translation: “He put Abishai his brother in charge of the rest of the army”
376	10:11	nlq4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	for me, then you, Abishai, must rescue me	0	Joab and Abishai represents themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “for us, then you, Abishai, and your army must rescue us”
377	10:14	q6sp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	from Abishai	0	Here Abishai represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “from Abishai and his soldiers”
378	10:14	d64c			into the city	0	Here “the city” refers to Rabbah, the capital city of the Ammonites.
379	10:14	v8x9			went back to Jerusalem	0	Alternate translation: “returned to Jerusalem”
380	10:15	rg85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	When the Arameans saw that they were being defeated by Israel	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when the Arameans realized that the Israelites were defeating them”
381	10:16	yd3i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hadarezer … Shobak	0	These are the names of men.
382	10:16	sle1			from beyond the Euphrates River	0	This means the east side of the Euphrates River.
383	10:16	nik5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go	They came to Helam	0	Here “came to” can be translated as “went to” or “gathered at”
384	10:16	rhn4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Helam	0	This is the name of a place.
385	10:17	pz1s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	When David was told this	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When David heard about this”
386	10:17	vk7a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	gathered all Israel together	0	Here “Israel” represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “assembled all the army of Israel together”
387	10:17	ism8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Helam	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
388	10:17	ln59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	against David and fought him	0	Here David represents himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “against David and his soldiers and fought them”
389	10:18	tev3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	David killed	0	Here “David” is a synecdoche for himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers killed”
390	10:18	s2lg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Shobak	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
391	10:19	s2mk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hadarezer	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 10:16](../10/16.md).
392	10:19	dzd4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	saw that they were defeated by Israel	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “realized that the Israelites had defeated them”
393	11:intro	abcb				0	# 2 Samuel 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter begins a new section of David’s life. God punished David by allowing his family to have many problems.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter
394	11:1	eqn9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about in the springtime	0	This introduces a new event in the story line.
395	11:1	jf4r			at the time	0	Alternate translation: “at the time of year”
396	11:1	a4ds		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	David sent out Joab, his servants, and all the army of Israel	0	David sent them out to war. This can be stated clearly. Also, the word “his” refers to David. Alternate translation: “David sent Joab, his servants, and all the army of Israel to war”
397	11:1	qac9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	the army of Ammon	0	Alternate translation: “the Ammonite army”
398	11:1	myy2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Rabbah	0	This is the name of a city.
399	11:2	wi9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	So it came about	0	The author uses this phrase to introduce the next event in the story line.
400	11:2	qi78		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	a woman who was bathing	0	The woman was not on the roof, she would have been bathing outside in the courtyard of her house. Alternate translation: “a woman who was bathing in the courtyard of her house”
401	11:3	yv7g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	So David sent	0	Here the word “sent” means that David sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “So David sent a messenger”
402	11:3	ht5y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Is not this Bathsheba … and is she not the wife of Uriah the Hittite?	0	This question gives information and can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is Bathsheba … and she is the wife of Uriah the Hittite.”
403	11:4	s4dn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	took her	0	David sent messengers, and they took her and brought her to him. Alternate translation: “they brought her to him”
404	11:4	qka3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	he lay with her	0	This is a polite way of saying that he had sexual relations with her. You may need to use a different euphemism in your language.
405	11:4	n2gg			menstruation	0	the time when a woman bleeds from her womb
406	11:5	e4v5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	she sent and told David; she said, “I am pregnant.”	0	Here the word “sent” means that she sent a messenger to tell David that she was pregnant. Alternate translation: “she sent a messenger to David, and the messenger told David that she was pregnant”
407	11:6	bds8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Then David sent	0	Here the word “sent” means that David sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “Then David sent a messenger”
408	11:7	vjr7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	how Joab was, how the army was doing, and how the war was going	0	David was asking if Joab and the army were well and about the progress of the war. Alternate translation: “if Joab was well, if other soldiers were well, and how the war was progressing”
409	11:8	f1gh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	wash your feet	0	This phrase is a metonym for returning home to rest for the night after working all day. Alternate translation: “rest for the night”
410	11:8	s4b9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the king sent a gift for Uriah	0	David sent someone to bring the gift to Uriah. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the king sent someone to take a gift to Uriah”
411	11:9	fp1u			his master	0	The word “his” refers to Uriah and the word “master” refers to David.
412	11:10	p5tg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Have you not come from a journey? Why did you not go down to your house?	0	This rhetorical question is used to show David’s surprise that Uriah did not visit his wife. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “After coming from such a long journey, you should have gone down to your house.”
413	11:11	t1wr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Israel and Judah	0	This refers to their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of Israel and Judah”
414	11:11	w65k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How then can I go into my house … with my wife?	0	This rhetorical question is used to emphasize Uriah’s refusal to visit his wife and can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be wrong for me to go into my house … with my wife while the other soldiers in my army are in danger.”
415	11:11	k6b2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	to lie with my wife	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “to have sexual relations with my wife”
416	11:11	ww5l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	As sure as you are alive, I will not do this	0	Uriah swears a strong promise that he will not go home to his wife as long as the rest of the soldiers are at war. He makes this promise by comparing the truth of his promise to the certainty that the king was alive. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that I will not do this”
417	11:13	a9yz			he ate and drank before him	0	Alternate translation: “Uriah ate and drank with David”
418	11:14	c9uz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	sent it by the hand of Uriah	0	The phrase “the hand of Uriah” refers to Uriah himself. Alternate translation: “sent Uriah himself to deliver it to him”
419	11:15	r9ph		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession	very front of the most intense battle	0	Alternate translation: “very front of the battle line where the fighting is the worst”
420	11:15	z3us			withdraw from him	0	Alternate translation: “command the soldiers to back away from him”
421	11:17	x2mt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	some of the soldiers of David fell	0	The word “fell” is a polite way to refer to the soldiers being killed. Alternate translation: “David’s soldiers were killed” or “they killed some of David’s soldiers”
422	11:17	s5r9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	and Uriah the Hittite was also killed there	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “including Uriah the Hittite” or “and the men of the city also killed Uriah the Hittite”
423	11:18	g9kw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Joab sent word to David	0	The phrase “sent word” means that he sent a messenger to give a report. Alternate translation: “Joab sent a messenger to David to give a report”
424	11:20	a8wj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why did you go so near … from the wall?	0	These questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near to the city to fight. You should have known that they would shoot from the wall.”
425	11:20	n65u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	shoot from the wall	0	This refers to men of the city shooting arrows down at their enemy from the top of the city wall. Alternate translation: “shoot arrows at you from the top of the city wall”
426	11:21	h8q7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Who killed Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth?	0	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember how Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth was killed!”
427	11:21	h97r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abimelech son of Jerub-Besheth	0	This is the name of a man. His father is also know by the name Gideon.
428	11:21	uf4w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Did not a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the wall, so that he died at Thebez?	0	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Remember he died at Thebez when a woman cast an upper millstone on him from the top of the wall.”
429	11:21	zx1s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	millstone	0	a heavy stone that would roll, used to crush grain for making bread
430	11:21	g9p7			from the wall	0	Alternate translation: “from the top of the city wall”
431	11:21	q6dz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Thebez	0	This is the name of a city.
432	11:21	p6i4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why did you go so near the wall?	0	If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have gone so near the wall!”
433	11:23	ax3f			the gate	0	Alternate translation: “the city gate”
434	11:24	jnl2			their shooters shot	0	Alternate translation: “their shooters shot arrows”
435	11:24	ych3			king’s servants	0	Here “servants” refers to soldiers, not slaves, because soldiers were servants of the king.
436	11:25	v2pb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	for the sword devours one as well as another	0	Here “the sword” refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing someone with a sword is spoken of as if the sword were “eating” the people. Alternate translation: “for one man can be killed by a sword the same as another man” or “for any man can die in battle”
437	11:25	mk7a			Make your battle even stronger	0	Alternate translation: “Fight even stronger”
438	11:27	d21w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	David sent and took her home	0	Here the word “sent” means that he sent a messenger to get her and bring her to him. Alternate translation: “David sent a messenger to her to bring her home”
439	11:27	cq8x			displeased Yahweh	0	Alternate translation: “saddened Yahweh” or “angered Yahweh”
440	12:intro	abcc				0	# 2 Samuel 12 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis is the final expansion of David’s kingdom and records the end of the war with Ammon.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter
441	12:3	jfa8			ewe lamb	0	a female lamb
442	12:3	wd4g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	was like a daughter to him	0	This refers to the closeness of this man and his little lamb. Alternate translation: “he loved it as much as if it were one of his daughters”
443	12:4	vv6b			ewe lamb	0	a young, female sheep
444	12:4	c763		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	for his visitor	0	It was for his visitor to eat. Alternate translation: “for his visitor to eat”
445	12:5	tm95		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	David was hot with anger against	0	Here the author describes how David was very angry as if his body were physically hot because of his anger. Alternate translation: “David became furious with” or “David became very angry with”
446	12:5	gd2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	As Yahweh lives	0	This expresses that David was swearing an oath or serious promise. Alternate translation: “I declare, as surely as Yahweh lives”
447	12:5	r45b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to be put to death	0	This means to be killed.
448	12:7	x85z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of the hand of Saul	0	Here the word “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “out of Saul’s control” or “from Saul’s control”
449	12:8	ty2v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	your master’s wives into your arms	0	Here Yahweh describes David having his master’s wives as his own wives, by saying that they are “in his lap.” Alternate translation: “your master’s wives as your own”
450	12:8	v7tc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I also gave you the house of Israel and Judah	0	Here Yahweh speaks of how he gave David his authority as king over Israel and Judah as if he gave him the houses of Israel and Judah as a gift.
451	12:8	j40n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy		0	The phrase “the house of” means “the people of.”
452	12:8	sr3v			if that had been too little	0	Alternate translation: “if I had not given you enough”
453	12:9	nb14		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	So why have you despised … Yahweh, so as to do what is evil in his sight?	0	This rhetorical question is used to rebuke David. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement, as modeled by the UST.
454	12:9	ctt1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	what is evil in his sight	0	Here “sight” refers to Yahweh’s thoughts or opinion. Alternate translation: “what he considers to be evil” or “what is evil in Yahweh’s judgement”
455	12:9	iy29		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword	0	David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle.
456	12:9	n595		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	You killed him with the sword of the army of Ammon	0	David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon.
457	12:10	t13v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the sword will never leave your house	0	Here the word “sword” refers to people dying in war.
458	12:10	vjt0		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy		0	David’s “house” refers to his descendants.
459	12:11	zbq2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of your own house	0	Here David’s “house” refers to his family. Alternate translation: “from among your own family”
460	12:11	d9za		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Before your own eyes	0	Here David is referred to by his eyes to emphasize what he would see. Alternate translation: “While you are watching”
461	12:11	bc2j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	he will lie with your wives	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he will have sexual relations with your wives”
462	12:11	br6x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	in broad daylight	0	“in full daylight.” The idea of doing something “openly” or in a way that people are fully aware of what is happening is often spoken about as being done in the “daylight.” Alternate translation: “openly” or “and everyone will see what is happening”
463	12:12	cy92			committed your sin	0	Alternate translation: “sinned”
464	12:12	g9jf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	before all Israel	0	This phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate translation: “before all the people of Israel”
465	12:13	u54j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	passed over	0	Yahweh has forgiven David of his sin. This is spoken of here as Yahweh passing over his sin as if it were something that he walked by and disregarded. Alternate translation: “forgiven”
466	12:14	vm9h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	the child who is born to you	0	The phrase “born to you” means that it is David’s baby. Alternate translation: “your child who will be born”
467	12:15	eh1x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	the child that Uriah’s wife bore to David	0	This means that she gave birth to a child and that David was his father. Alternate translation: “David’s child, who Uriah’s wife gave birth to”
468	12:17	dyf7			to raise him up from the floor	0	Alternate translation: “and urged him to get up from the floor”
469	12:18	f2jx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	he did not listen to our voice	0	The servants are referred to here by their voices to emphasize that they were speaking. Alternate translation: “he did not listen to us”
470	12:18	ueh7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal	the seventh day	0	This refers to the seventh day after the baby was born. Alternate translation: “the seventh day after he was born”
471	12:18	j2pi			Look	0	This is used to get people’s attention. Alternate translation: “Listen”
472	12:18	sz9x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What might he do to himself if we tell him that the boy is dead?!	0	The servants ask this rhetorical question to express their fear. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We are afraid that he may harm himself if we tell him that the boy is dead!”
473	12:22	p2za		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Who knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me, that the child may live?	0	David asked this rhetorical question to empathize that no one knew if Yahweh would let the child live. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one knows whether or not Yahweh will be gracious to me so that the child may live.”
474	12:23	pf4k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	But now he is dead, so why should I fast?	0	David asks this rhetorical question to empathize that he no longer has a reason to fast. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now that he is dead it would be of no use to fast any longer.”
475	12:23	cc5p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Can I bring him back again?	0	David asks this rhetorical question to empathize that the boy cannot come back to life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot bring him back to life.”
476	12:23	qs7p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I will go to him	0	David implies that he will go to where his child is when he dies. Alternate translation: “When I die I will go to where he is”
477	12:24	f8ut		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	went in to her and lay with her	0	Both the phrase “went in to her” and the phrase “lay with her” refer to David having sexual relations with Bathsheba and emphasize what they did. Alternate translation: “had sexual relations with her”
478	12:25	m6ce		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	he sent word through Nathan the prophet	0	Here “word” refers to a message that Yahweh told Nathan to tell David. Alternate translation: “he sent Nathan to tell him”
479	12:25	rd3r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jedidiah	0	This is another name for David’s son Solomon, which Yahweh chose for him.
480	12:26	jf3t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Joab fought … he captured	0	Here the author says “Joab” but he is referring to Joab and his soldiers who fought with him. Alternate translation: “Joab and his soldiers fought … they captured”
481	12:26	ar6m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Rabbah	0	Fighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Alternate translation: “the people of Rabbah”
482	12:27	ip2q			So Joab sent messengers to David and said	0	Alternate translation: “So Joab sent messengers to David to say to him”
483	12:27	c6au		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	have taken the city’s water supply	0	“Taking” a place or landmark means to take control of it. Alternate translation: “have taken control of the city’s water supply”
484	12:27	n5s7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	I have fought … I have taken	0	Here Joab speaks of himself when he is actually referring to himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “My soldiers and I have fought … my soldier and I have taken”
485	12:28	ue9d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	if I take	0	Here Joab speaks of himself when he is actually referring to himself and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “if my soldiers and I take”
486	12:28	ej7u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	camp against	0	This means to surround and attack. Alternate translation: “besiege” or “surround”
487	12:28	zt5k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	take it … take the city	0	“Taking” a place or landmark means to take control of it. Alternate translation: “take control of it … take control of the city”
488	12:28	gj9r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	it will be named	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will name it”
489	12:29	z74s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	he fought	0	Here the author speaks of David when he is actually referring to David and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers fought”
490	12:30	n7vb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight	a talent	0	This may be written in modern weights. Alternate translation: “about 33 kilograms”
491	12:30	t9em			a precious stone	0	a rare gemstone such as a diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, or opal
492	12:30	nw9j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The crown was placed on David’s own head	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They placed the crown on David’s own head”
493	12:30	wz14		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	he brought out	0	Here the author speaks of David when he is actually referring to David’s soldiers. Alternate translation: “they brought out”
494	12:30	g4xl			plunder	0	valuable things taken from a defeated enemy
495	12:30	nq3u			large quantities	0	Alternate translation: “large amounts”
496	12:31	a3vv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	He brought out the people	0	David did not bring out the people himself; he commanded his soldiers to bring them out. Alternate translation: “David commanded his soldiers to bring out the people”
497	12:31	ya1w			saws, iron picks, and axes	0	These are tools to cut wood or break up the ground.
498	12:31	tl3i			brick kilns	0	ovens where bricks are dried and hardened
499	12:31	ew58		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	all the cities of the people of Ammon	0	This refers to the people in the cities. Alternate translation: “all the people of the cites of Ammon”
500	13:intro	abcd				0	# 2 Samuel 13 General Notes
501	13:1	e2ti		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about after this	0	“It happened after this.” This phrase is used to introduce a new event to the story line.
502	13:1	tup1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	half-sister	0	Amnon and Tamar shared the same father but not the same mother.
503	13:1	fj5k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	full sister	0	Absalom and Tamar shared the same father and mother.
504	13:2	fmq1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Amnon was so frustrated that he became sick because of his sister Tamar	0	Amnon was frustrated because he desired to sleep with his sister Tamar. Alternate translation: “Amnon was so frustrated with desire for his sister Tamar that he felt sick”
505	13:3	rz6p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jonadab son of Shimeah, David’s brother	0	These are the names of men.
506	13:3	knc5			shrewd	0	crafty or deceptive
507	13:4	qef9			depressed	0	in an emotional state of extreme unhappiness
508	13:4	s99u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Will you not tell me?	0	This rhetorical question is a request for Jehonadab to tell him why he is depressed. It may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please, tell me why you are depressed.”
509	13:5	xjs4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	eat it from her hand	0	This is probably a request for her to serve food to him personally. He probably did not want her to put the food in his mouth. Alternate translation: “have her serve it to me herself”
510	13:6	tsl3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	I may eat from her hand	0	This is probably a request for her to serve food to him personally. He probably did not expect her to put the food in his mouth. Alternate translation: “she may serve it to me to eat”
511	13:6	n1c2			pretended to be sick	0	This means he gave a false appearance of being ill.
512	13:7	we8h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	David sent word	0	This means that he sent a messenger to speak to Tamar. Alternate translation: “David sent a messenger”
513	13:8	di8s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	kneaded	0	used her hands to mix the dough
514	13:8	l12v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	in his sight	0	This means that Tamar made the bread in front of him. Alternate translation: “in front of him” or “in his presence”
515	13:9	cwh1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	So everyone went out from him	0	To “go out from someone” means to leave them. Alternate translation: “So everyone left him”
516	13:10	y3b4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	that I may eat from your hand	0	This is a request for Tamar to serve the food to him personally. Alternate translation: “and serve it to me”
517	13:11	c79f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	lie with me	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “have sexual relations with me”
518	13:12	rly8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	do not force me	0	She is referring to having sexual relations with him. Alternate translation: “do not force me to have sexual relations with you”
519	13:13	j8jb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How could I be rid of my shame?	0	Tamar asks this rhetorical question to emphasize how much shame she would have if she slept with him.Alternate translation: “But I will not be able to bring my shame anywhere.”
520	13:13	mf9b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וַ⁠אֲנִ֗י אָ֤נָה אוֹלִיךְ֙ אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִ֔⁠	0	Tamar speaks of getting rid of her shame as if it were an enemy or a tormentor that she needed to escape from.
521	13:14	ras3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	he lay with her	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her”
522	13:16	zc24		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	Because this great evil of making me leave is even worse	0	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **this great evil**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “It would be very evil to make me leave! It would be even worse”
523	13:19	i3wt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	put ashes on her head and tore her robe. She put her hands on her head	0	These are acts of mourning and grief in the Israelite culture. Alternate translation: “put ashes on her head and tore her robe to show that she was very sad. Then to show her grief, she put her hands on her head”
524	13:20	w3wp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Has Amnon your brother been with you?	0	This is a polite way to ask is Amnon has had sexual relations with her. Alternate translation: “Has Amnon your brother slept with you?”
525	13:20	ffu3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	keep quiet	0	This means to not tell anyone about something. Alternate translation: “do not tell anyone about this”
526	13:20	ce3a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Do not take this thing to heart	0	The phrase “take something to heart” means “to worry about it.” Alternate translation: “Do not worry about what has happened”
527	13:20	m1az		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	So Tamar remained alone	0	This means that she did not marry.
528	13:23	q5hh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about after two full years	0	This explains that two whole years has passed and introduces the next event in the story line. The phrase “full years” means that they are complete years.
529	13:23	am6l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Baal Hazor	0	This is the name of a place.
530	13:24	e8ml		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Look	0	This is a phrase used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
531	13:24	wmj8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	your servant	0	Absalom is calling himself “your servant” to show respect.
532	13:24	uq3x			Please, let the king and his servants go with your servant.	0	It was customary for people in Israel to have a party after they had sheared their sheep.
533	13:24	tav8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	may the king	0	Although he is talking to his father the king, he calls him “the king” instead of “you” to show respect for him.
534	13:26	ep6f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Why should Amnon go with you?	0	David knew that Amnon was not Absalom’s friend.
535	13:27	w3cs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish	all the king's sons	0	This does not include Absalom and Amnon who is dead. It includes the rest of the sons that the king allowed to go to the celebration. Alternate translation: “the rest of the king’s sons”
536	13:28	ev94		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Have I not commanded you?	0	Absalom asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he will be blamed for killing Amnon because he is commanding them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will be the one guilty for killing him because I have commanded you to do this.”
537	13:30	jr55		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	So it came about	0	“It happened that.” This phrase is used here to introduce the next event in the story line.
538	13:30	x2s3			on the road	0	Alternate translation: “travelling along the road”
539	13:30	hpn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	that the news came to David saying	0	Here it says that the news came, when really someone came and told David the news. Alternate translation: “that someone came and reported the news to David saying”
540	13:31	a8qp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	tore his clothes, and lay on the floor	0	He did these things to show that he was extremely sad. Alternate translation: “tore his clothes, and threw himself on the floor grieving”
541	13:31	a62g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	with their clothes torn	0	They did this to show their sadness and to mourn with their king. Alternate translation: “and tore their clothes, mourning with the king”
542	13:32	a6vi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jonadab … Shimeah	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md).
543	13:32	dsh2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor		0	Alternate translation: “My master, do not believe”
544	13:32	ev3e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	my master	0	Jonadab calls David “my master” to show respect.
545	13:32	a8f7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Amnon violated his sister	0	This is a polite way of saying that Amnon raped his sister.
546	13:33	cf2y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	take this report to heart	0	The phrase “take something to heart” means “to worry about it.” Alternate translation: “worry about this report”
547	13:34	j8la		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	raised his eyes	0	Here the servant looking up at something is spoken of as if he lifted up his eyes. Alternate translation: “looked up”
548	13:36	r5i8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	So it came about	0	This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
549	13:36	r9gz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	raised their voices	0	Here the sons crying out is spoken of as if their voices were something they lifted into the sky. Alternate translation: “cried out”
550	13:37	dqp1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Talmai … Ammihud	0	These are the names of men.
551	13:37	wxs3			for his son	0	Alternate translation: “for his son Amnon”
552	14:intro	abce				0	# 2 Samuel 14 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Parable\n\nThe wise woman uses a type of parable to convince David that his actions were wrong. He treated a stranger worse than he treated his own son. This hypothetical situation was intended to convict David of his sin. She uses David’s own words against him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
553	14:1	zlp2			Zeruiah	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
554	14:2	g3b4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	sent word to Tekoa and had a wise woman brought	0	This means that Joab sent someone with a message to Tekoa and had him bring back a woman to him. Alternate translation: “sent someone with a message to Tokoa and had him bring a wise woman back”
555	14:2	t4f8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tekoa	0	This is the name of a place.
556	14:2	rm87		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj	the dead	0	This refers to someone who has died, not dead people in general. Alternate translation: “someone who has died”
557	14:4	an12		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	she lay facedown on the ground	0	She did this to show her respect and submission to the king. Alternate translation: “she showed her respect to the king by laying facedown on the ground”
558	14:6	ij2w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	One struck the other	0	Alternate translation: “One of my sons hit the other son with something”
559	14:7	aq9y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	your servant	0	To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
560	14:7	hhk3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	they would also destroy the heir	0	If they put the guilty brother to death there would not be a son left to inherit the family’s possessions. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if they did this, they would be destroying our family’s heir”
561	14:7	vfb2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Thus they will put out the burning coal that I have left	0	Here the woman refers to her only living son as if he were a burning piece of coal. She speaks of the men killing her son as stopping the coal’s burning. Alternate translation: “In this way they will kill the only child I have left”
562	14:7	jl3j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	neither name nor descendant	0	This refers to a son to carry on the family’s name into the next generation. Alternate translation: “no son to preserve our family’s name”
563	14:9	sev7			Tekoa	0	Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 14:2](../14/02.md).
564	14:9	gz85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	may the guilt be on me and on my father’s family	0	This means that if people say that the king was wrong for helping the woman’s family that the king should not be guilty. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “if anyone blames you for helping our family, may my family be considered guilty instead”
565	14:9	e186		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	The king and his throne	0	Here the word “throne” refers to anyone who later becomes king in David’s place. Alternate translation: “The king and his descendants” or “The king and his family”
566	14:10	fz7h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	says anything to you	0	Here speaking threats is spoken of as speaking in general. Alternate translation: “threatens you” or “speaks threats to you”
567	14:10	pq9j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	he will not touch you anymore	0	Here David speaks of a person not threatening or hurting her, by saying that the person would not touch her. It is implied that David will not allow the person threatening her to bother her again. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “I will make sure he does not threaten you again”
568	14:11	vgi3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula	As Yahweh lives	0	Often people would make promises and compare how surely they would fulfil their promise to how surely Yahweh is alive. Alternate translation: “I promise you, as surely as Yahweh lives” or “In Yahweh’s name I promise”
569	14:11	d9l6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	not one hair of your son will fall to the ground	0	The means that her son will not be harmed, which is exaggerated by saying that he will not lose even a single hair. Alternate translation: “your son will be completely safe”
570	14:12	l1s3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness	your servant	0	To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
571	14:13	ia2l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why then have you devised such a thing against the people of God?	0	The woman asks this rhetorical question to rebuke David for how he has treated Absalom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have just said proved that you did wrong.”
572	14:13	t35u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	the king is like someone who is guilty	0	The woman compares the king to someone who is guilty to suggest that he is guilty without saying it directly. Alternate translation: “the king has declared himself guilty”
573	14:14	ll3p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	For we all must die, and we are like water spilled on the ground … up again	0	Here the woman speaks of a person dying as if they were water being spilled on the ground. Alternate translation: “We all must die, and after we die we cannot be brought back to life again”
574	14:15	nkn7			your servant	0	To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant”
575	14:16	x4ut		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	from the hand of the man	0	The hand refers to the man’s control. Alternate translation: “out of the control of the man”
576	14:17	pn2s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the word of my master the king	0	Alternate translation: “the message of my master the king”
577	14:17	nm7g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	for as an angel of God, so is my master … from evil	0	Here David, the king, is compared to an “angel of God.” Alternate translation: “for the king is like an angel of God because they both know how to tell good from evil”
578	14:18	u2d4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	Please do not hide from me anything that I will ask you	0	The negative form here is used for emphasis and can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Please tell me the truth about everything I ask you”
579	14:19	p42h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Is not the hand of Joab with you in all this	0	Here the word “hand” refers to Joab’s influence. Alternate translation: “Has not Joab influenced you in all this” or “Did Joab send you here to speak these things”
580	14:19	uz25		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	As you live	0	“As surely as you are alive.” Here the woman compares the certainty of what David has said to the certainty that he is alive, to emphasize how true his statement is.
581	14:19	q69g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	no one can escape to the right hand … the king has spoken	0	Here the woman describes the difficulty of speaking to the king and keeping him from finding out the truth by comparing it to a person not being about to escape in any direction. Alternate translation: “no one can keep you from knowing the truth”
582	14:19	vyl1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	to the right hand or to the left	0	The expression gives two extremes and means “anywhere.” Alternate translation: “anywhere at all” or “anywhere”
583	14:20	j2lm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	is wise, like the wisdom of an angel of God	0	The woman compares David’s wisdom to the wisdom of an angel to emphasize how very wise he is. Alternate translation: “you are very wise, like an angel of God”
584	14:21	n8az		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	So the king said to Joab	0	It is implied that the king had Joab brought before him so that he could speak to him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the king summoned Joab and said to him”
585	14:21	g87y			Look now	0	This phrase is used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
586	14:21	r58j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	this thing	0	This refers to what Joab wants the king to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “what you want me to do”
587	14:22	n6a2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	Joab lay facedown on the ground	0	Joab did this to honor the king and show his gratitude.
588	14:22	qd1b			your servant	0	To show respect for the king Joab refers to himself as “your servant.”
589	14:22	f6n4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I have found favor in your eyes	0	The word “eyes” represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “you are pleased with me” or “you have approved of me”
590	14:22	gl13				0	Alternate translation: “you have done what I asked you to do”
591	14:24	i98k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	but he may not see my face … the king’s face	0	Here the word “face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “but he may not see me … the king”
592	14:25	tiv6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	From the sole of his foot to the top of his head there was no blemish in him	0	This means the whole person was without blemish. Alternate translation: “There were no blemishes on any part of his body”
593	14:26	j4bd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight	two hundred shekels	0	This can be written in modern units. Alternate translation: “two and a half kilograms”
594	14:26	a94i			the weight of the king’s standard	0	The king had weights that determined the standard weight of the shekel and other weights and measurements.
595	14:27	raf5			To Absalom were born three sons and one daughter	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Absalom had three sons and one daughter”
596	14:28	p8nr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	the king’s face	0	Here “the king’s face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king”
597	14:29	nwh8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Absalom sent word for Joab	0	Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger to Joab with a request. Alternate translation: “Absalom sent a messenger to Joab asking him”
598	14:29	km4z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	to send him to the king	0	It is implied that Absalom wanted Joab to come to him to see him and to intercede for him so that he would be allowed to see the king. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “to come to him and to intercede for him so that he could see the king”
599	14:29	f1c7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	So Absalom sent word a second time	0	Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request”
600	14:30	g6kt			See	0	Here this word is used to remind people of something. Alternate translation: “As you know”
601	14:32	wb3r			Look	0	Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
602	14:32	cr53		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I sent word	0	Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “I sent a messenger”
603	14:32	ay13		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	to the king to say	0	The message here for the king is written as if Absalom were the speaker. Absalom was asking Joab to speak the message on his behalf. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “to say to the king on my behalf” or “to ask the king for me”
604	14:32	ehw7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	the king’s face	0	Here “king’s face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king”
605	14:33	xix9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	bowed low to the ground before the king	0	Absalom is showing respect to the king. Alternate translation: “bowed low to the ground to honor the king”
606	14:33	lr12		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	the king kissed Absalom	0	This implies that the king forgave and restored Absalom. The full meaning of this can be made clear.
607	15:intro	abcf				0	# 2 Samuel 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the story of Absalom’s attempted revolt.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Absalom’s conspiracy\nFor four years, Absalom made many allies in an attempt to make himself king. This is why he acted as a judge for the people. Since this was all done in secret, it is called a “conspiracy.” David found out and fled with those in the army who were loyal to him.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe author used the metaphor of a thief to describe how Absalom was able to win people’s loyalty: “So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
608	15:1	m44b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
609	15:1	a4qh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	with fifty men to run before him	0	These men would run in front of the chariot to honor Absalom. Alternate translation: “with fifty men to run before him to honor him”
610	15:2	f1j6			Your servant	0	When a man would respond to Absalom’s question he would refer to himself as “your servant” to honor Absalom.
611	15:3	cl8u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	So Absalom would say to him	0	It is implied that the person told his case to Absalom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Absalom would ask him what his problem was, and the man would then explain to Absalom why he sought justice. Absalom would then say to him”
612	15:3	yts5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	good and right	0	These words have basically the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that his case is good.
613	15:3	d3e6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	to hear your case	0	“Hearing” a case means to listen to it and to make a judgement decision over it. Alternate translation: “to judge your case” or “to oversee your case”
614	15:5	n3n6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	put out his hand and take hold of him and kiss him	0	This action is a friendly greeting. Alternate translation: “greet him as a friend by embracing him and kissing him”
615	15:6	ty61		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	for judgment	0	This means that they can for the king to decide their disputes. Alternate translation: “to judge over their disputes”
616	15:6	xc8j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel	0	This sentence means Absalom convinced the men to be loyal to him rather than to David. Here the author speaks of how the people became loyal to Absalom by saying that he stole their hearts. Alternate translation: “In this way, Absalom convinced the men of Israel to be loyal to him”
617	15:7	k1ju		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
618	15:7	u4br		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	at the end of four years that Absalom	0	This refers to four years after he returned to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “fours years after Absalom had returned to Jerusalem, he”
619	15:7	z9fc			and pay a vow that I have made to Yahweh in Hebron	0	Alternate translation: “to Hebron and there fulfill a vow that I have made to Yahweh”
620	15:8	x8c1			For your servant	0	Here Absalom refers to himself this way to honor the king.
621	15:9	z24j			So Absalom arose	0	Alternate translation: “So Absalom left”
622	15:10	k6i1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	throughout all the tribes of Israel	0	Here the places where the tribes of Israel lived are referred to as the tribes themselves. Alternate translation: “throughout the land of the tribes of Israel”
623	15:11	y3hm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	who were invited	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who he had invited”
624	15:11	j5ty			went in their innocence	0	Alternate translation: “went innocently”
625	15:12	p6px		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	he sent for Ahithophel	0	This means that he sent a messenger to go get Ahithophel and bring him back to him. Alternate translation: “he sent a messenger to go get Ahithophel who was”
626	15:12	b237		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahithophel	0	This is the name of a man.
627	15:12	v7wx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Giloh	0	This is the name of a place.
628	15:14	brg3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	escape from Absalom … he will quickly … and he will bring	0	Here David speaks of Absalom and the men with him as “Absalom” himself because the men are following Absalom’s authority. Alternate translation: “escape from Absalom and his men … he and his men will quickly … and they will bring”
629	15:14	t8eh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	attack the city with the edge of the sword	0	The “city” is a metonym referring to the people in the city. Alternate translation: “will attack the people of our city and kill them with their swords”
630	15:14	fg52		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy		0	The “edge of the sword” is a synecdoche referring to the Israelites’ swords and emphasize that they killed the people in battle.
631	15:14	s5ik		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	bring down disaster	0	This means to cause disaster to happen.
632	15:17	cv7p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	at the last house	0	This refers to the last house they would come to when leaving the city. Alternate translation: “at the last house as they were leaving the city”
633	15:18	hx7p			Kerethites … Pelethites	0	Translate the names of these people groups the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md).
634	15:18	vht5			Gittites	0	Translate the name of this people group the same as you did in [2 Samuel 6:10](../06/10.md).
635	15:19	u5p9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ittai	0	This is the name of a man.
636	15:19	n5dh			Gittite	0	Translate the name of this people group the same as you did in [2 Samuel 6:10](../06/10.md).
637	15:19	k4yp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why will you come with us?	0	This rhetorical question indicates that the king does not think they should go along with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not need to go with us.”
638	15:20	dw1l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	why should I make you wander all over with us?	0	This rhetorical question emphasizes David did not want Ittai to come. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not want to cause you to wander around with us.”
639	15:20	wfd5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	Since you just left yesterday	0	Here “yesterday” is an exaggeration that emphasizes a short amount of time. Ittai the Gittite had lived there for several years. Alternate translation: “Since you have lived here only a short time”
640	15:20	e3e8			May loyalty and faithfulness go with you	0	This is a blessing that David is giving to him. Alternate translation: “May Yahweh be faithful and loyal to you always”
641	15:21	m7sh			As Yahweh lives, and as my master the king lives	0	Here the speaker is making a solemn promise. Alternate translation: “I solemnly promise that as surely as Yahweh and the king live”
642	15:21	q3e6			your servant	0	Ittai refers to himself this way to honor the king.
643	15:21	u8i6			whether that means living or dying	0	Alternate translation: “even if I get killed supporting you”
644	15:23	y8br		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	All the country wept with a loud voice	0	Many of the people of Israel wept loudly when they saw the king leaving. Here this is generalized by saying that the whole country wept. Alternate translation: “All the people along the road wept” or “Many of the people wept”
645	15:23	cpg7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	with a loud voice	0	Here the many people who were weeping are spoken of as if they shared one loud voice. Alternate translation: “loudly”
646	15:23	qn5p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kidron Valley	0	This is the name of a place near Jerusalem.
647	15:25	x2mv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	I find favor in the eyes of Yahweh	0	Here the “eyes of Yahweh” refer to Yahweh’s thoughts and opinion. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is pleased with me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
648	15:25	cm5c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	where he lives	0	“where his presence is.” The ark of the covenant symbolizes Yahweh’s presence. This refers to the place where the ark is. Alternate translation: “where it is kept”
649	15:27	w3ii		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahimaaz	0	This is the name of a man.
650	15:27	k6y6			Abiathar	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 8:17](../08/17.md).
651	15:27	sn4s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Are you not a seer?	0	This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Zadok. Alternate translation: “You will be able to find out what is happening.”
652	15:28	nvl5			See	0	Here this word means for the listener to pay attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
653	15:28	a6gq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	until word comes from you	0	This refers to him sending a messenger to the king. Alternate translation: “until you send a messenger to me to inform me”
654	15:28	g6m3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	to inform me	0	Here the king implies he is to receive a message informing him about what is happening in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “to tell me what is happening in Jerusalem”
655	15:30	hz16		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	his head covered	0	This is a sign of mourning and shame. Alternate translation: “his head covered in mourning”
656	15:31	e31r			Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:11](../15/11.md).
657	15:31	e4pr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	please turn Ahithophel’s advice into foolishness	0	David is asking Yahweh to make Ahitohphel’s advice foolish and useless. Alternate translation: “please let whatever advice Ahithophel gives be foolishness and unsuccessful”
658	15:32	lr8g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	“It happened.” This phrase marks the next event in the story line.
659	15:32	q4pe		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	at the top of the road	0	The word “top” is used here because David went up in elevation and is at the top of a hill. Alternate translation: “at the top of the hill”
660	15:32	bxf8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hushai	0	This is the name of a man.
661	15:32	fmi7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Arkite	0	This is the name of a people group.
662	15:32	jt8s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	with his coat torn and earth on his head	0	This is an act showing shame or repentance. Alternate translation: “He had torn his clothes and put dirt on his head to show that he was very sad”
663	15:34	xy6g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	you will confuse Ahithophel’s advice for me	0	David is suggest to Hushai that he oppose whatever Ahithopel advises. Alternate translation: “you can serve me by opposing Ahithophel’s advice”
664	15:35	fr9e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Will you not have the priests Zadok and Abiathar with you?	0	David asks this rhetorical question to tell Hushai that he will not be alone. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Zadok and Abiathar the priests will be there to help you.”
665	15:35	rkm7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	whatever you hear	0	This is a generalization. It means all of the important and insightful things that he hears, not every single word he hears.
666	15:36	yg9d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahimaaz	0	These are the names of men.
667	15:36	z36k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	by their hand	0	The phrase “their hand” refers to the sons and means that they were to serve as messengers. Alternate translation: “their sons to tell me”
668	16:intro	abcg				0	# 2 Samuel 16 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Absalom seeks advice from David’s advisers\nDavid’s best adviser, Ahithophel, told Absalom to publicly seduce the concubines that David had left to take care of the palace. Because the concubines were the king’s property, having sexual relations with a king’s concubines implied that Absalom was now the king. This would show the people that the break with David was complete. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
669	16:1	uv2h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ziba	0	This is a man’s name.
670	16:1	rzt4			Mephibosheth	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md).
671	16:1	sje6			clusters of raisins … bunches of figs	0	These phrases refer to raisins or figs pressed together.
672	16:1	ibp3			raisins	0	dried grapes
673	16:3	h7rz			your master’s grandson	0	Alternate translation: “Mephibosheth, your master’s grandson”
674	16:3	x26u			Look	0	Here this word is used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
675	16:3	b9kv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	house of Israel	0	This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
676	16:3	fvn6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	will restore my father’s kingdom to me	0	Having a descendant of Saul being allowed to rule is spoken of as the kingdom being restored to their family. Alternate translation: “will allow me to rule the kingdom that my grandfather ruled”
677	16:4	h3df			Mephibosheth	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md).
678	16:4	cvm5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I bow in humility to you	0	Ziba is not literally bowing before the king when he is speaking here. This means that he will serve the king with the same amount of humility he would be showing if he were literally bowing before him. Alternate translation: “I will humbly serve you”
679	16:4	ewk1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Let me find favor in your eyes	0	The phrase “find favor” means to be approved of by someone. Also, “eyes” is a metonym for sight, and sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “I want you to be pleased with me” or “I desire you for to be pleased with me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
680	16:5	q8fi			Bahurim	0	Translate the name of this city the same as you did in [2 Samuel 3:16](../03/16.md).
681	16:5	y6uz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Shimei … Gera	0	These are the names of men.
682	16:7	h2c4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	man of blood	0	Here “blood” refers to all of men he was responsible for killing in battle. Alternate translation: “murderer”
683	16:8	ju1y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Yahweh has repaid	0	Yahweh repays them by punishing them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has punished”
684	16:8	cvt3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	for the blood you shed within the family of Saul	0	Here “blood” refer to people who were killed from Saul’s family. The king was responsible for them dying. Alternate translation: “for killing many of Saul’s family”
685	16:8	mve3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	in whose place you have reigned	0	David reigned as king over the same people whom Saul had previously reigned. Alternate translation: “in whose place you have reigned as king”
686	16:8	uqf8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	into the hand of Absalom	0	Here “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “into the control of Absalom”
687	16:9	wg1j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
688	16:9	jz4r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zeruiah	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
689	16:9	b6wq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why should this dead dog curse my master the king?	0	Abishai asked this question to express his anger at the man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “This dead dog must not speak to the king this way.”
690	16:9	p79k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	this dead dog	0	Here the man is being described as worthless by being compared to a dead dog. Alternate translation: “this worthless man”
691	16:10	i1pm		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What have I to do with you, sons of Zeruiah?	0	This rhetorical question is asked to correct the sons of Zeruiah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not want to know what you think!”
692	16:10	g4rx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Who then could say to him, ‘Why are you cursing the king?	0	This is said as a rhetorical question to emphasize that the answer is “no one.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one then can ask him, ‘Why are you cursing the king?’”
693	16:11	y6it		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	my son, who was born from my body	0	David describes his son this way to emphasize the close bond between a father and his son. Alternate translation: “my own son” or “my dear son”
694	16:11	l8bj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	wants to take my life	0	This is a polite way to refer to killing someone. Alternate translation: “wants to kill me”
695	16:11	znl2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How much more may this Benjamite now desire my ruin?	0	David uses this rhetorical question to express that he is not surprised that the man wants to kill him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Of course this Benjamite desires my ruin!” or “I am not surprised this Benjamite desires my ruin as well!”
696	16:11	t9uf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	desire my ruin	0	Here David describes the man’s desire to kill him as if David were something that the man wanted to ruin. Alternate translation: “desire me to be killed” or “desire to kill me”
697	16:11	tb7g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Leave him alone and let him curse	0	Here the phrase “leave him alone” means to not stop him from what he is doing. Alternate translation: “Do not stop him from cursing me”
698	16:12	xk9r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	will look at	0	Here “looking” means “considering.” Alternate translation: “will consider”
699	16:13	h7jk			Shimei went beside him up on the hillside	0	Shimei was walking parallel to David and his men, though Shimei was up higher on the hillside.
700	16:15	l6bc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md).
701	16:16	p1gq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hushai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md).
702	16:16	d97z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	“It happened that.” This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
703	16:16	gp9v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Arkite	0	See how you translated the name of this people group in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md).
704	16:17	b4yd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Is this your loyalty to your friend? Why did you not go with him?	0	These rhetorical questions are asked to criticize Hushai. They can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have been a loyal friend to David; you should have gone with him.”
705	16:18	t8c4			the one whom Yahweh	0	Hushai is referring to Absalom.
706	16:18	k7hr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person	the one whom … that is the man … with him	0	Here Hushai is referring to Absalom in the third person to take emphasize off of him and place it on Yahweh and the people who chose him. This can be written in second person. Alternate translation: “you are the one whom … you are the man … with you”
707	16:19	hq49		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	what man should I serve? Should I not serve in the presence of his son?	0	Hushai asks these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he wants to serve Absalom. They can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “I should serve only David’s son, so I will serve in his presence.” or “I should serve you, for you are David’s son.”
708	16:20	f7w3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md).
709	16:21	d7c8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Go into your father’s slave wives	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Have sexual relations with your father’s slave wives”
710	16:21	jx59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	become a stench to your father	0	Ahithophel speaks of Absalom offending his father as if he would become something that had a strong and offensive odor. Alternate translation: “become offensive to your father” or “greatly insulted father”
711	16:21	bu9j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Then the hands of all who are with you will be strong	0	Here the people who followed Absalom are referred to by their hands. The news will strengthen the peoples’ loyalty to Absalom and encourage them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The news of this will strengthen the loyalty of all who follow you”
712	16:22	cj6n			they spread	0	Alternate translation: “they set up”
713	16:22	gx92		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	Absalom went in to his father’s slave wives	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Absalom had sexual relations with his father’s slave wives”
714	16:22	v3ik		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	in the sight of all Israel	0	The phrase “all of Israel” is a generalization, for only people near the palace could see it. Alternate translation: “where the Israelites could see him go into the tent”
715	16:23	k3y9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	Now the advice of Ahithophel … was as if a man heard	0	Here the author compare how much people trusted Ahithophel’s advice with how much they would trust advice directly from God. Alternate translation: “Now people trusted the advice of Ahithophel in those days in the same way they would have trusted it if had come”
716	16:23	qt97		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	as if a man heard from the mouth of God himself	0	Here God’s mouth represents himself and emphasizes his speech. Alternate translation: “as if God had said it with his own mouth” or “as if a man heard it spoken by God himself” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
717	16:23	jqr6			all of Ahithophel’s advice was viewed by both David and Absalom	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “both David and Absalom viewed all of Ahithophel’s advice”
718	17:intro	abch				0	# 2 Samuel 17 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter
719	17:1	jz1q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md).
720	17:2	ukx7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	weary and weak	0	These words mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how weak David was. Alternate translation: “weak”
721	17:2	txi8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I will attack only the king	0	It is implied that he intends to kill the king. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I will kill only the king”
722	17:3	b53b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	bring back all the people	0	This refers to all of the people who were with David. Alternate translation: “bring back all of the people who were with him”
723	17:3	b385		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	like a bride coming to her husband	0	Here Ahithophel speaks of the peoples’ happiness by comparing it to a bride’s happiness. Alternate translation: “and they will come happily, like a bride is happy when she comes to her husband” or “and they will come happily”
724	17:3	d16g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	under you	0	This refers to being under the king’s authority. Alternate translation: “under your authority”
725	17:5	b9n4			Hushai the Arkite	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md).
726	17:6	lw7i			Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md).
727	17:8	w2fu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	they are like a bear robbed of her cubs	0	The anger of the soldiers here is being compared to that of a mother bear who cubs are taken from her. Alternate translation: “they are angry, like a mother bear whose cubs have been take from her” or “they are very angry”
728	17:8	ytp8			a bear	0	a large furry animal that walks on four legs and has sharp claws and teeth
729	17:8	q99g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	is a man of war	0	This means that his has fought in many battles and knows well the ways of war. Alternate translation: “has fought in many battles”
730	17:9	vwd2			Look	0	Here this word is used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
731	17:9	v2xp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	or in some other place	0	This is another place he may be hiding. Alternate translation: “or hidden in some other place”
732	17:10	g7bl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	whose hearts are like the heart of a lion	0	Here the soldiers are refers to by their “hearts.” Also, their strong bravery is compared to that of a lion’s. Alternate translation: “who are as brave as lions” or “who are very brave” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
733	17:11	sm9p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	that all Israel should be gathered together to you	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you should gather together all of the Israelite soldiers”
734	17:11	e216		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit		0	Here “all Israel” represents only the Israelite soldiers
735	17:11	jz3g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	from Dan to Beersheba	0	This phrase means from the northern border of Israel to the southern border. Alternate translation: “from the whole nation of Israel”
736	17:11	vl1f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	as numerous as the sands that are by the sea	0	This is an exaggeration where all the grains of sand on a beach are compared to the number of Israelite soldiers. Alternate translation: “so many that they can barely be counted”
737	17:12	v92h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	come on him	0	This means to purposefully go to where he is and then to attack.
738	17:12	rys8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	we will cover him as the dew falls on the ground	0	Absalom’s army is described as covering David’s army like the dew covers the ground in the morning. Alternate translation: “we will overwhelm and completely defeat David’s army”
739	17:12	jdy3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	We will not leave even one of his men … alive	0	This negative sentence is used for emphasis and can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “We will kill every one of his men”
740	17:13	cez7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	then all Israel	0	This refers to Israel’s soldiers, not to all of Israel. Alternate translation: “then all of our soldiers”
741	17:13	v4rx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	will bring ropes to that city and we will drag it into the river	0	This means that the soldiers would tear down the city walls and drag the pieces to river. Alternate translation: “will destroy the city and drag the stones to the river with ropes”
742	17:13	ua57		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	until there is no longer even a small stone found there	0	This is an exaggeration to describe how completely they will destroy the city. The would not literally sweep away every small stone from the city. Alternate translation: “until the city is completely destroyed”
743	17:14	vg6q			Hushai the Arkite	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:32](../15/32.md). Arkite is the name of a people group.
744	17:14	erd5			Ahithophel	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:12](../15/12.md).
745	17:14	j39m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	the rejection of Ahithophel’s good advice	0	The word “rejection” can be expressed with the verb “reject.” Alternate translation: “for the men of Israel to reject Ahithophel’s good advice”
746	17:14	rwx8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to bring destruction on Absalom	0	To “bring” something on someone means to cause it to happen to them. Alternate translation: “to cause a disaster to happen to Absalom”
747	17:15	pp5p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zadok … Abiathar	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 15:24](../15/24.md).
748	17:15	f3gh		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	in such and such a way	0	This phrase, meaning “like this,” refers to what Ahithophel advised Absalom earlier beginning in [2 Samuel 17:1](../17/01.md).
749	17:16	adt3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the king will be swallowed up	0	Here the king and his people being killed is describes as if they were “swallowed” by their enemy. Alternate translation: “the king will be killed”
750	17:17	u8z7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jonathan … Ahimaaz	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md).
751	17:17	q25n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	When the message came	0	Here the “message” is spoken of as coming to them, when really it is the woman who came to then bringing the message. Alternate translation: “When she brought them a message”
752	17:17	h5de		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	spring of Rogel	0	This is the name of a place.
753	17:18	r7rc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	So Jonathan and Ahimaaz went away	0	It is implied that they found out that the young man had told Absalom about them being there. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Jonathan and Ahimaaz found out what the young man had done, so they went away”
754	17:18	t68a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Bahurim	0	This is the name of a small town.
755	17:19	j4xb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jonathan … Ahimaaz	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md).
756	17:20	f1dc			the woman of the house	0	Alternate translation: “the man’s wife”
757	17:20	n16k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahimaaz … Jonathan	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md).
758	17:21	kx9m		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	“It happened.” This phrase marks the next event in the story line.
759	17:21	r493		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	cross quickly over the water	0	Here “the water” refers to the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “cross quickly over the river”
760	17:22	l8sk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	By morning daylight not one of them had failed to cross over the Jordan	0	This negative sentence is used to emphasize that they all crossed the river. It can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “By morning daylight every one of them had crossed over the Jordan”
761	17:23	gix9			Ahithophel saw	0	Alternate translation: “Ahithophel knew” or “Ahithophel realized”
762	17:23	x22t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	his advice had not been followed	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Absalom had not followed his advice”
763	17:23	zw5j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	set his affairs in order	0	He prepared for his death by telling his family what to do after he died. Alternate translation: “he prepared for his death”
764	17:23	b2wa		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	was buried	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him”
765	17:24	c8ze		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahanaim	0	Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 2:8](../02/08.md).
766	17:25	dur7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Amasa … Joab … Jether … Nahash	0	These are the names of men. See how you translated Joab and Zeruiah (Joab’s mother) in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
767	17:25	q7fs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	who went in to Abigail	0	This is a polite way of speaking of sexual relations. You may have to use other words in your translation. Alternate translation: “who had sexual relations with Abigail”
768	17:25	yn85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abigail … Zeruiah	0	These are the names of women.
769	17:26	p8z6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gilead	0	Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 2:9](../02/09.md).
770	17:27	a88x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	It came about	0	This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
771	17:27	ya8t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahanaim … Rabbah … Lo Debar … Rogelim	0	These are the names of cities or places.
772	17:27	sb1a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Shobi … Nahash … Machir … Ammiel … Barzillai	0	These are the names of men.
773	17:27	g662		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ammonites … Gileadite	0	These are the names of people groups.
774	17:28	s9d6			lentils	0	a kind of seed that is cooked and eaten
775	18:intro	abci				0	# 2 Samuel 18 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nThis chapter tells of the defeat and death of Absalom, ending this section on Absalom’s rebellion.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter
776	18:1	y2u4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	David counted the soldiers who were with him and appointed	0	David did not count all of the people himself, rather other men counted them. Alternate translation: “David commanded for the soldiers who were with him to be counted and he appointed” or “David arranged the soldiers who were with him and appointed”
777	18:1	pa96			captains	0	A captain is a person who is in authority over a group of soldiers.
778	18:2	lu6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai … Zeruiah	0	See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
779	18:2	xwu2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ittai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:19](../15/19.md).
780	18:2	zy14		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gittite	0	This refers to a person from Gath, which is a Philistine city.
781	18:2	s8e1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I will certainly go out with you myself, too	0	This means that he will go out with them to battle. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “I myself will go with you to battle” or “I personally will go with you into battle”
782	18:3	cmi5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	you are worth ten thousand of us	0	This means that the enemy army considering killing David of greater worth than killing 10,000 of the other men. The number 10,000 here is an exaggeration used to emphasize a very great number of people. Alternate translation: “they would rather kill you than to kill 10,000 of us” or “killing you is worth more to them than killing a great number of us”
783	18:3	r2hd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	that you be ready to help us from the city	0	David could help them from the city by advising them and sending men to help them. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that you stay here in the city and send help to us”
784	18:5	idy7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
785	18:5	nnf5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ittai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:19](../15/19.md).
786	18:5	jbs6			Deal gently for my sake with the young man, with Absalom	0	The phrase “Deal gently” means to be kind to someone and not to harm them.
787	18:6	ak3c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	went out into the countryside against Israel	0	This means that they went out and fought against them in battle. Alternate translation: “went out into the countryside and fought against Israel”
788	18:6	na7e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	against Israel	0	Here “Israel” refers to their soldiers, not all of the Israelites. Alternate translation: “against the Israelite soldiers”
789	18:7	xa6g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	The army of Israel was defeated there before the soldiers of David	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “There the soldiers of David defeated the army of Israel”
790	18:8	ndw4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	more men were consumed by the forest than by the sword	0	Here “the forest” is described as if it were alive and could act. Alternate translation: “dangerous things in the forest killed more men than David’s soldiers killed with their swords”
791	18:8	zemv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy		0	“The sword” refers to David’s soldiers who fought with swords.
792	18:9	ua3f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	his head was caught up in the tree branches	0	Absalom had long hair that got caught in the tree branches. Alternate translation: “his hair was caught in the tree branches”
793	18:9	eys5			between the ground and the sky	0	Alternate translation: “in the air”
794	18:10	n893			Look	0	Here this word is used to draw a person’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
795	18:11	w13x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why did you not strike him down to the ground?	0	This rhetorical question means that he should have killed him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have struck him down to the ground!” or “You should have killed him immediately!”
796	18:11	aik2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney	ten silver shekels	0	This can be written in modern units. Alternate translation: “ten silver coins” or “110 grams of silver”
797	18:11	xu84			belt	0	This is a special belt that shows people that someone is a great soldier and should be honored.
798	18:12	m6ur		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney	a thousand silver shekels	0	“1,000 silver shekels.” This can be stated in modern units. Alternate translation: “1,000 silver coins” or “11 kilograms of silver”
799	18:12	y75l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	would not have reached out my hand against the king’s son	0	The phrase “reached out my hand” means to attack. Alternate translation: “would not have attacked the king’s son”
800	18:12	c6je		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	No one must touch	0	Here “touching” refers to “harming.” Alternate translation: “No none must harm” or “Do not harm”
801	18:13	if8q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	a falsehood	0	The word “falsehood” can be expressed with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “doing something that is wrong” or “by disobeying the king”
802	18:13	b1r6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	there is nothing hidden from the king	0	Here the man speaks about how the king knows about almost everything that happens as if everything were a physical object he knew the location of. Alternate translation: “there is nothing that the king does not know” or “the king hears about everything that happens”
803	18:14	jl1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I will not wait for you	0	Joab meant that he should not continue talking to the man. Alternate translation: “I will not waste anymore time talking to you”
804	18:14	m7ub		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	heart of Absalom	0	Here Absalom’s heart refers to his chest or upper body. Alternate translation: “chest”
805	18:16	f9za		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Then Joab blew the trumpet, and the army returned from pursuing Israel, for Joab held back the army	0	This describes what Joab commanded by blowing the trumpet. Alternate translation: “Then Joab blew the trumpet to call back the army, and the army returned from pursuing Israel”
806	18:16	ji7k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	returned from pursuing Israel	0	Here “Israel” refers to the Israelite army. Alternate translation: “returned from pursuing the Israelite army”
807	18:17	d3n5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	they buried his body under a very large pile of stones	0	After putting his body in the pit they covered it with a pile of stones. This can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: “they covered his body with a huge pile of stones”
808	18:17	b87l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	while all Israel fled	0	Here “all Israel” refers to the Israelite soldiers. The word “fled” means “ran away.” Alternate translation: “while all the Israelite soldiers ran away”
809	18:18	s18q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	the King’s Valley	0	This is the name of a place.
810	18:18	j9s8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	to carry along the memory of my name	0	Absalom uses the phrase “my name” to refer to himself and his family line. Alternate translation: “to carry on my family name, by which people would remember me”
811	18:18	tg1p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	so it is called Absalom’s Monument to this very day	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so people called it Absalom’s Monument from that day on”
812	18:18	h1qh			to this very day	0	This refers to the present time when this book of the Bible was written.
813	18:19	md2p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ahimaaz	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 15:27](../15/27.md).
814	18:19	qby5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	run to the king with the good news	0	Here Ahimaaz speaks of running to go and tell the king the good news as if the good news were a object that he were carrying. Alternate translation: “run to tell the king the good news”
815	18:19	jyg5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the hand of his enemies	0	Here “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “the control of his enemies”
816	18:20	qeg4			the bearer of news	0	Alternate translation: “the one who tells the news”
817	18:21	q3lf			tell the king what you have seen	0	Joab is telling him to go and tell the king about the news of the battle.
818	18:24	zqb5			Now	0	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line and the beginning of a new part of the story.
819	18:24	t7w3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	raised his eyes	0	Here the watchman looking to see something is spoken of as if he lifted up his eyes. Alternate translation: “looked out beyond the city”
820	18:25	r6br		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	there is news in his mouth	0	Here the king speaks of the man having a message as if the news were an object sitting in his mouth. Alternate translation: “he has news to tell us”
821	18:27	zpr6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	I think the running of the man in front is like the running of Ahimaaz son of Zadok	0	The watchman compares the way the man ran to the way Ahimaaz runs to suggest that it may be him. Alternate translation: “I think the man running in front is Ahimaaz son Zadok, because he runs like Ahimaaz”
822	18:28	ft3g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	He bowed himself before the king with his face to the ground	0	He did this to honor the king. Alternate translation: “He bowed himself before the king with his face to the ground to honor the king”
823	18:28	e5ky		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the men who lifted up their hand against my master the king	0	Here Ahimaaz speaks of the men opposing the king as if they were raising their hands before him. Alternate translation: “the men who opposed and fought against my master the king”
824	18:29	l8s8			a great disturbance	0	This means that people were acting as though things were not right.
825	18:30	bg95			Turn aside and stand here	0	Alternate translation: “Move out of the way” or “Stand aside”
826	18:31	e1tf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	rose up against	0	This means to oppose. Alternate translation: “opposed”
827	18:32	s9h4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	The enemies of my master the king, & should be as that young man is	0	The Cushite uses a comparison as a polite way to tell the king that Absalom is dead. This can be stated more directly. Alternate translation: “I would like all your enemies … to die the way that young man died”
828	18:33	la2k			was deeply unnerved	0	Alternate translation: “was very unhappy” or “was trembling with grief”
829	19:intro	abcj				0	# 2 Samuel 19 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### David told to stop mourning Absalom\n\nJoab warned David that if he continued to mourn Absalom and not thank his army, they would all desert him. So David went out to encourage the soldiers. David was both a good father and a good leader.\n\n### David made king again\n\nThis chapter record the recognition that David was the true king of Israel. It is important to remember that even though Absalom had power for a while, David never stopped being the king.\n\n### The ten tribes and Judah argue over David\n\nThe ten tribes of Israel argued with the tribe of Judah about who would bring David across the river. The men of Judah answered the ten tribes very harshly. This may foreshadow, or give a glimpse of, the future civil war that would come to divide these two groups.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nThe people wanted David back as their king and expressed it in a rhetorical question: “So why are we not talking about bringing the king back?” David also used a question to persuade the people of Judah to bring him back: “You are my brothers, my flesh and bone. Why then are you the last to bring back the king?” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
830	19:1	wl3f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Joab was told	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told Joab”
831	19:1	ggg6			Look, the king is weeping	0	The word “Look” is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen, the king is weeping”
832	19:2	jq6i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	So the victory that day was turned into mourning for all the army	0	This means that the whole army mourned instead of celebrating. AT “So instead of celebrating victory that day, the whole army mourned”
833	19:3	c8b8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	like people who are ashamed sneak away when they run from battle	0	The author compares the way that the soldiers had to sneak back into the city to the way that soldiers sneak away when they are running away from battle. This emphasizes that they were made to feel ashamed. Alternate translation: “in the same way that people who had run away from battle would sneak away because they were ashamed”
834	19:3	z9zj			sneak	0	move without being seen by others
835	19:4	bt57		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	The king covered his face	0	This is a way to express grief and mourning. Alternate translation: “The king showed his grief by covering his face”
836	19:5	ve2h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	You have shamed the faces of all your soldiers today	0	Here the soldiers are referred to by their face to emphasize how they would have hid their faces because of their shame. Alternate translation: “You have caused all your soldiers to hide their faces in shame today” or “You have caused all of your soldiers to be ashamed today”
837	19:6	sx3c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	nothing to you	0	This phrase is an exaggeration, but it expresses the very low value that David showed for the army. Alternate translation: “are worth very little to you”
838	19:6	si4j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo	if Absalom had lived, and we all had died, then that would have pleased you	0	The speaker is giving a hypothetical situation.
839	19:7	h9b9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	I swear by Yahweh	0	Joab is making a very strong oath. Alternate translation: “I swear, as surely as Yahweh is alive”
840	19:7	p34h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	if you do not go, not one man will remain with you	0	This means that only if David went would his soldiers remain with him. Alternate translation: “only if you go will any of your men remain with you”
841	19:7	m2uc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	not one man will remain with you	0	This refers to them remaining loyal to him. Alternate translation: “not one man will remain loyal to you”
842	19:8	e6vs		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	all the people were told	0	This is a generalization. It means most of the men. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “many of the men who were there heard others saying” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
843	19:8	msv7			Look, the king is sitting	0	The word “Look” is used here to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen, the king is sitting”
844	19:8	q8cd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	all the people	0	Here “the people” refer to the people who followed David. Here “all” is an generalization. It means a large number came and gathered around him. Alternate translation: “many of the people”
845	19:8	k5ue		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	So Israel fled, every man to his home	0	Here “Israel” refers to the Israelite soldiers who followed Absalom. Alternate translation: “And every Israelite soldier fled to his own home” or “And all of the Israelite soldiers fled to their homes”
846	19:9	ypj8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of the hand of our enemies	0	Here “hand” means control. Alternate translation: “from under the control of our enemies” or “from our enemies’ control”
847	19:9	wn5a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of the hand of the Philistines	0	Here “hand” means control. Alternate translation: “from under the control of the Philistines” or “from the Philistines’ control”
848	19:9	w56d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	out of the land because of Absalom	0	This means that he had left the country fleeing from Absalom. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “out of the country fleeing from Absalom”
849	19:10	h2rq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	why do you say nothing about bringing the king back?	0	This means they should consider bringing David back now that Absalom was dead. The question may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “we should be talking about bringing the king back.”
850	19:10	n7fv			the king	0	This refers to David.
851	19:11	ywv6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	sent to Zadok and to Abiathar	0	This means that David sent a messenger to Zadok and Abiathar. Alternate translation: “sent a messenger to Zadok and to Abiathar”
852	19:11	jd6q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why are you the last to bring the king back … to bring him back to his palace?	0	This rhetorical question is asked to rebuke the elders in Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have been the first to favor the king and bring him back to the palace, not the people of the nation of Israel.”
853	19:11	d4d9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	since the talk of all Israel favors the king, to bring	0	The noun “talk” can be expressed with the verb “talk” or “speak.” Alternate translation: “since all Israel speaks favorably about the king and desires to bring” or “since what the people of Israel are saying is in the king’s favor, to bring”
854	19:11	v8mv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	to bring the king back to his palace	0	Here restoring the king’s authority to rule is spoken of as bringing him back to his palace. Alternate translation: “to restore the king’s authority as king”
855	19:12	si3p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	You are my brothers, my flesh and bone	0	The king uses these to phrases to emphasize that they are closely related. Being or having the same flesh is a metaphor for belonging to the same family or tribe. Alternate translation: “You are my brothers, and we have the same flesh and bone” or “You are my brothers, my close relatives”
856	19:12	n4pu		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why then are you the last to bring back the king?	0	This is the second rhetorical question here and it is also a rebuke for the elders of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have been the first, not the last, to bring back the king.”
857	19:13	uf92		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Amasa	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 17:25](../17/25.md).
858	19:13	h28k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Are you not my flesh and my bone?	0	David uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that they are related. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are my flesh and my bones.”
859	19:13	f88h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	my flesh and my bone	0	Here David speaks of them being related by saying that they have the same flesh and bones. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Samuel 19:12](../19/12.md). Alternate translation: “my relative”
860	19:13	gk6u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	God do so to me	0	This is an idiom that means for God to kill him. Alternate translation: “May God kill me”
861	19:14	g6z6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	he won the hearts	0	Here the mens’ loyalty is referred to as their “hearts.” Alternate translation: “he won the loyalty”
862	19:14	w82p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	as one man	0	This speaks of the men being united in their loyalty to the king as if they were one man with the same mind. Alternate translation: “and they were united together” or “they were united in their loyalty to the king”
863	19:14	a3id		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	They sent to the king	0	This means that they sent a messenger to the king. Alternate translation: “They sent a messenger to the king”
864	19:16	p33r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gera	0	This is the name of a man.
865	19:16	ke2l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Bahurim	0	Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 3:16](../03/16.md).
866	19:17	kj6a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ziba	0	This is the name of a man. Translate as you did in [2 Samuel 9:2](../09/02.md).
867	19:17	e34y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	one thousand men … fifteen sons … twenty servants	0	“1,000 men … 15 sons … 20 servants”
868	19:17	s7u2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	in the presence of the king	0	This means that the king was there and was aware of what was happening. Alternate translation: “at the place where the king was”
869	19:19	tx71		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	call to mind	0	This means “to remember.” Alternate translation: “remember”
870	19:19	m7n5			your servant	0	Here Shimei refers to himself this way to humble himself before the king and honor the king.
871	19:19	s3zc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	not take it to heart	0	“To take something to heart” means to think about something seriously or to be bothered by it. Alternate translation: “not be bothered by it” or “forget about it”
872	19:21	w2c6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
873	19:21	p13v		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zeruiah	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
874	19:21	yth5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Should not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed Yahweh’s anointed?	0	Abishai was angry at Shimei for cursing David and is suggesting that he should be killed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Shimei should be put to death because he cursed Yahweh’s anointed.”
875	19:21	spv5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Yahweh’s anointed	0	This refers to David. It means that he is the man that Yahweh had anointed as king. Alternate translation: “the man that Yahweh has anointed as king”
876	19:22	dn85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What have I to do with you … that you should today be adversaries to me?	0	David uses this rhetorical question to rebuke Abishai. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have nothing in common with you, you sons of Zeruiah! You have no good reason to become my adversaries today.”
877	19:22	s4fe		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Will any man be put to death today in Israel? For do I not know that today I am king over Israel?	0	David uses these rhetorical questions to continue rebuking Abishai. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “No person will be executed today in the nation of Israel, because today I am the one who is king over all of Israel.”
878	19:22	f3ky		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Will any man be put to death	0	This phrase “put to death” means to be killed or executed. Alternate translation: “Will any man be killed” or “Will I order any man to die”
879	19:22	t2u7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	For do I not know that today I am king over Israel?	0	Possible meanings of this rhetorical question are: (1) “I know that I am still king of Israel.” or (2) “Today I am the one who is king over Israel!”
880	19:24	kg79		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mephibosheth	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md).
881	19:24	sc2i			He had not dressed his feet	0	“He had not cared for his feet.” Mephibosheth’s feet were crippled. This phrase means that he had not taken proper care of his feet.
882	19:25	zrh9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Why did you not go with me, Mephibosheth?	0	David is asking Mephibosheth why he did not go with David when David and all the people who followed him left Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “Why did you not go with me when I left Jerusalem, Mephibosheth?”
883	19:27	vh2u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ziba	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 9:2](../09/02.md).
884	19:27	bk18		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	my master the king is like an angel of God	0	Here David’s wisdom is compared to the wisdom of an angel. Alternate translation: “my master the king is as wise as an angel of God”
885	19:27	jn77		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	do what is good in your eyes	0	This means to do what you think is right. Alternate translation: “do what you believe to be the right thing to do”
886	19:28	rll4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	all my father’s house were dead men before my master the king	0	Mephibosheth speaks of how his relatives had deserved to be executed as if they had already been executed and were dead. Alternate translation: “all my father’s house deserved for my master the king to order them to be executed”
887	19:28	ww9q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	my father’s house	0	This refers to his father’s relatives. Alternate translation: “my father’s relatives”
888	19:28	fa5b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	What right therefore have I that I should still cry any more to the king?	0	Mephibosheth uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he has no right to request anything from the king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Therefore, I have no right to ask the king to do anything else for me.”
889	19:29	wt65		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why explain anything further?	0	David uses this rhetorical question to tell him that he does not need to continue talking about his conflict with Ziba. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You do not need to explain this any further.” or “You certainly do not need to say any more.”
890	19:31	yk1p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Barzillai	0	See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md).
891	19:31	zak8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gileadite	0	See how you translated the name of this people group in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md).
892	19:31	w1ce		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Rogelim	0	See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md).
893	19:31	g56k			the Jordan	0	the Jordan River
894	19:32	ffn7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Mahanaim	0	See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 17:27](../17/27.md).
895	19:32	cj9q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	eighty years old	0	“80 years old”
896	19:32	a2k7			had furnished the king with provisions	0	Alternate translation: “had provided what the king needed”
897	19:34	y2r5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	How many days are left in the years of my life, that I should go up with the king to Jerusalem?	0	Here Barzillai means that he is old and that there is no reason for him to accompany David. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am certainly not going to live many more years. There is no good reason for me to go up with the king to Jerusalem.”
898	19:35	sy7w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	eighty years old	0	“80 years old”
899	19:35	n8fn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Can I distinguish between good and bad?	0	Barzillai uses rhetorical questions to emphasize why he does not want to go to Jerusalem. Here “good” and “bad” refer to what is desirable and what is not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot distinguish between what is desirable and what is not.”
900	19:35	d6qd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Can your servant taste what I eat or what I drink?	0	Barzillai uses rhetorical questions to emphasize why he does not want to go to Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot enjoy the taste of what I eat and drink.”
901	19:35	dgv2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Can I hear any more the voice of singing men and singing women?	0	Barzillai uses rhetorical questions to emphasize why he does not want to go to Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot hear well the voices of singing men and singing women.”
902	19:35	f2zi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why then should your servant be a burden to my master the king?	0	Barzillai uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not want to be a burden to the king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your servant should not go with you and be a burden to you.”
903	19:36	x8m1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why should the king repay me with such a reward?	0	Barzillai uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that he does not know why the king would reward him this way. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not know why the king would repay me with such a great reward”
904	19:37	tj5t				0	# General Information:\n\nBarzillai asks that Kimham be allowed to take his place instead with David.
905	19:37	lt2a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kimham	0	This is the name of a man.
906	19:37	wef7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	by the grave of my father and my mother	0	This does not mean that he wants to die right next to their graves, but rather, that he wants to die in the city where they are buried. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “where my father’s and my mother’s graves are” or “where my father and my mother are buried”
907	19:37	sn5r		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	Let him cross over	0	This refers to crossing the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “Let him cross over the Jordan”
908	19:38	sm6q		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Kimham will go over with me	0	This refers to crossing the Jordan River. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Kimham will cross the river with me”
909	19:40	v221		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	crossed over to Gilgal	0	They crossed over the Jordan River. Alternate translation: “crossed over the river to Gilgal”
910	19:40	hzp4			Kimham	0	See how you translated this name in [2 Samuel 19:37](../19/37.md).
911	19:40	jw3n			All the army of Judah brought the king over, and also half the army of Israel	0	Alternate translation: “All the army of Judah and half the army of Israel brought the king over”
912	19:40	t9rb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	brought the king over	0	They crossed over the Jordan River with the king. Alternate translation: “escorted the king over the river”
913	19:41	sbd9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why have our brothers, the men of Judah … and all David’s men with him?	0	The men of Israel use this question to express that they feel betrayed by the people of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not right that our brothers, the men of Judah, who did not support you as king, had the privilege of bringing you and your family back across the Jordan River.”
914	19:41	r7ae		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	stolen you away	0	The men of Israel speak of how the men of Judah escorted the king across the river as if the king were something they stole that did not belong to them. Alternate translation: “taken you away from us”
915	19:41	hgi3			the Jordan	0	the Jordan River
916	19:42	nu1g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why then are you angry about this?	0	The men of Judah ask this rhetorical question to rebuke the men of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “But you have no reason to be upset about this.”
917	19:42	u3wj		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Have we eaten anything that the king had to pay for? Has he given us any gifts?	0	The men of Judah ask the question to express that they have not taken anything from the king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “The king has never paid for our food, and he has never given us any gifts.”
918	19:43	nbt3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	we have even more right to David than you	0	“we have a greater claim to David than you do.” It may be helpful to state clearly what having “more right” means. Alternate translation: “we have more right to serve the king and to be with the king than you do”
919	19:43	vc2s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why then did you despise us?	0	The men of Israel ask this rhetorical question to express their anger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have despised us!”
920	19:43	vlb7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Was not our proposal to bring back our king the first to be heard?	0	The men of Israel ask this question to remind and rebuke the people of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We were the first to suggest that we bring back the king!”
921	19:43	el5k			the words of the men of Judah were even more harsh than the words of the men of Israel	0	Alternate translation: “the men of Judah spoke even more harshly than the men of Israel did”
922	20:intro	abck				0	# 2 Samuel 20 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Sheba’s revolt\nA man named Sheba told the people of the ten tribes that David was Judah’s king, but not their king. David worked hard to preserve unity in Israel after this time of division.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Idiom\n\nJoab used an idiom “has lifted up his hand against the king, against David” meaning “revolted against David,” to explain why his army was attacking the city of Able. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
923	20:1	fz8c			to be at the same place	0	This refers to the town of Gilgal.
924	20:1	a6ci		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Sheba … Bikri	0	These are names of men.
925	20:1	l45i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	We have no part in David, neither have we any inheritance in the son of Jesse	0	Both of these statements mean the same thing. Sheba is emphasizing that he and the tribes of Israel have no relationship with David. Alternate translation: “The inheritance of David and his father’s family does not belong to us” or “We are not a part of David and his father’s family” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
926	20:3	j97w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to keep the palace	0	Here the phrase “to keep” means to take care of. Alternate translation: “to take care of the palace”
927	20:3	e4kn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	in a house under guard	0	If a house is “under guard” it means that a guard is posted at the house. Alternate translation: “in a house and put a guard there”
928	20:3	ymh8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism	he did not lie with them	0	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he did not have sexual relations with them”
929	20:3	b16i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	they were shut up	0	This means that they were not allowed to leave the house. Alternate translation: “they were shut inside the house”
930	20:3	p4su			widows	0	These are women whose husbands have died.
931	20:4	zm4y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Amasa	0	This is the commander of David’s army. See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 17:25](../17/25.md).
932	20:6	ai94		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abishai	0	This is another commander of David’s army. See how you translated his name in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
933	20:6	qm7j			do us more harm	0	Alternate translation: “hurt us more”
934	20:6	gm22			your master’s servants, my soldiers	0	The phrase “my soldiers” clarifies which “servants.” David refers to himself as “your master” as a formal way of speaking to someone with less authority.
935	20:6	q3jp			pursue after	0	Alternate translation: “chase after”
936	20:6	g2i6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	he will find fortified cities	0	This means that Sheba and his men will enter these cities to hide from David’s army. The word “he” represents Sheba but refers to both him and his men. Alternate translation: “he and his men will hide in fortified cities” or “he and his men will take refuge in fortified cities” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
937	20:6	lm43		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of our sight	0	Here David refers to his army by their sight to emphasize that Sheba and his men would be hidden and David’s army would be unable to capture them. Alternate translation: “from us”
938	20:7	x1ai		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kerethites … Pelethites	0	These are the names of people groups who helped to protect King David. See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md).
939	20:8	kyh2			When they were	0	Alternate translation: “When Joab and the men of Judah were”
940	20:8	g899			belt	0	a strip of leather or other material used to hold clothing or weapons in place
941	20:8	gg8n			sheathed sword	0	This means the sword was in its protective covering.
942	20:8	mw2c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	the sword fell out	0	Joab let the sword fall out to fool Amasa into thinking that he Joab was unarmed, so that Amasa would allow him to walk closer to him. Alternate translation: “he allowed the sword to fall on the ground so Amasa would think he was unarmed”
943	20:9	cca2			my cousin	0	Amasa was the son of the sister of Joab’s mother.
944	20:9	yw2u			took Amasa by the beard with his right hand to kiss him	0	This was a common way for men to greet one another.
945	20:10	e612			dagger	0	a short sword that is easy to hide and was often used for close-in fighting and assassinations
946	20:10	pd2k			bowels spilled	0	Alternate translation: “intestines spilled”
947	20:11	m94g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	he who is for David	0	To be “for” someone means to support them. Alternate translation: “he who supports David” or “he who is loyal to David”
948	20:12	dp5t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Amasa lay wallowing in his blood	0	“Amasa lay squirming in his blood.” Amasa may have still been alive and rolling in his blood, but he was probably dead by this time. It is described this way to show how gruesome his body looked. Alternate translation: “Amasa lay dead in his blood”
949	20:12	r75k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	all the people stood still … came by him stood still	0	This means they stopped walking and were staring at Amasa’s dead body. Alternate translation: “all the people stood still staring at the dead body … came by him stood still, staring at his dead body”
950	20:12	rgl8			he carried Amasa	0	Alternate translation: “he carried Amasa’s body”
951	20:13	y3pd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	After Amasa was taken off the road	0	This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “After the man took Amasa off the road”
952	20:13	x48e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns	in pursuit of	0	This abstract noun can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “pursuing”
953	20:14	ppx4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	Sheba passed through	0	Here “Sheba” refers to both him and his army. Alternate translation: “Sheba and his army” or “Sheba and his men”
954	20:14	b6n5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Abel Beth Maacah	0	Both Abel and Beth Maacah names refer to the same place and may be combined. It is a city near the tribe of Dan.
955	20:14	k4pw		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	of the Bikrites	0	This is the name of a people group.
956	20:14	ig39			also pursued Sheba	0	Alternate translation: “also followed Sheba”
957	20:15	u7dg			They caught up with him	0	Alternate translation: “Joab and the soldiers caught up with him”
958	20:15	t6t2			against the city against the wall	0	Alternate translation: “against the city wall”
959	20:15	n7h9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	battered the wall to knock it down	0	This means that they used a battering ram to knock down the wall. A battering ram was a cut tree or large log with a sharpened end or an end covered in metal. It was held by several men who would pound the end against a wall. Alternate translation: “used a battering ram to knock down the wall”
960	20:16	k1s4			Listen, please listen	0	The repetition of “Listen” strengthens the woman’s plea.
961	20:17	a5x5			Listen to the words of your servant	0	The woman refers to herself as “your servant.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority.
962	20:18	xv3v			that advice would end the matter	0	Alternate translation: “that advice would solve the problem”
963	20:19	l2yb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	most peaceful and faithful in Israel	0	This describes the cities. Alternate translation: “most peaceful and faithful cities in Israel”
964	20:19	vb6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	city that is a mother in Israel	0	This speaks of the importance of this city among the nation of Israel as if it were a well respected mother. Alternate translation: “city that everyone in Israel respects like they would their mother” or “city that is very important and that Israel respects”
965	20:19	f7wf		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Why do you want to swallow up the inheritance of Yahweh?	0	Here the woman uses a rhetorical question to suggest to Joab what they should not do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not destroy the city that is Yahweh’s inheritance!”
966	20:19	h83g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	swallow up	0	Here the woman speaks of the army destroying the city as if the city were food to be swallowed. Alternate translation: “destroy”
967	20:19	v31s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the inheritance of Yahweh	0	Here the city is referred to as Yahweh’s inheritance to emphasize that it belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “a city that belongs to Yahweh”
968	20:20	kn3j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Far be it, far be it from me, that I should	0	He repeats this phrase to emphasize that this is something he would never do. Alternate translation: “Truly, truly, I would never”
969	20:20	u14u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	that I should swallow up or destroy	0	This refers to destroying the city. This may be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that I should swallow up or destroy your city”
970	20:20	lh3j		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet	swallow up or destroy	0	Both of these phrases means to destroy. In the first phrase “destroying” is spoken of as if it were “swallowing.” These may be combined. Alternate translation: “ruin or destroy the city” or “destroy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
971	20:21	bq5h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	has lifted up his hand against	0	This means to rebel and fight against someone. Alternate translation: “has opposed” or “is rebelling against”
972	20:21	vu8h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Give up him alone	0	Joab is asking for the people of the city to release Sheba to him. Alternate translation: “Hand this man over to us” or “Give this man to us”
973	20:21	rt99		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	I will withdraw from the city	0	Here the “I” refers to both Joab and his soldiers. Alternate translation: “We will withdraw from the city”
974	20:21	tda3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	His head will be thrown	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We will throw his head”
975	20:22	p855		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Then the woman went to all the people in her wisdom	0	This means that the woman acted wisely and spoke to her people about what they should do. Alternate translation: “Then the wise woman spoke to all the people”
976	20:22	l63y			every man to his home	0	Alternate translation: “every man went to his own home”
977	20:23	ail7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Now	0	“Now” marks a break in the main story line. This new section gives background information about the men who served King David.
978	20:23	bu9z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Joab was over … Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over	0	The phrase “was over” refers to having authority over a group of people. Alternate translation: “Joab had authority over … Benaiah son of Jehoiada had authority over”
979	20:23	di2d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Benaiah … Jehoiada	0	Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md).
980	20:23	s3i1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kerethites … Pelethites	0	Translate the names of these people groups the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md).
981	20:24	hw6f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	Adoniram was over	0	The phrase “was over” refers to having authority over a group of people. Alternate translation: “Adoniram had authority over”
982	20:24	qv95		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Adoniram	0	This is the name of a man.
983	20:24	rx8x			the men who did forced labor	0	Alternate translation: “the slave workers”
984	20:24	hbx2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jehoshaphat … Ahilud	0	Translate the names of these men the same as you did in [2 Samuel 8:16](../08/16.md).
985	20:25	pjz3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Sheva	0	This is the name of a man.
986	20:26	w67i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ira	0	This is the name of a man.
987	20:26	qk9a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jairite	0	This is the name of a people group.
988	21:intro	abcl				0	# 2 Samuel 21 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Famine caused by a broken oath\n\nWhen Israel first conquered the land, they promised not to kill the people of Gibeon. When Saul tried to kill them all, God caused a famine in Israel. David made amends with the people of Gideon and the famine ended. David also kept his vow to Jonathan’s sons. This helps to show the wisdom of king David. Although these people were not Israelites, they believed in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]], [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/vow]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])\n\n### Wisdom, grace and justice\nDavid is seen to have many great qualities in this chapter. These were qualities important for a king of Israel: wisdom, grace and justice. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])
989	21:1	yc9z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	sought the face of Yahweh	0	Here “face” is a synecdoche for Yahweh’s presence. This means David prayed to Yahweh for an answer about the famine.
990	21:1	f1fs			because of Saul and his murderous family	0	Saul had killed many Gibeonites, and Saul’s descendants are guilty because of this sin.
991	21:2	j82w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background	Now	0	Here “Now” marks a break in the main story line. This gives background information about the Gibeonites.
992	21:3	r66c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	What should I do for you? How can I make atonement … promises?	0	These two sentences have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “What can I do to remove this sin, so that you may bless the people of Yahweh, who inherit his goodness and promises?”
993	21:4	xp8q			It is not a matter of silver or gold	0	Alternate translation: “Money will not solve the problem”
994	21:5	tq7e			who schemed against us	0	Alternate translation: “who made plans against us”
995	21:6	hce6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	let seven men from his descendants be handed over to us	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “allow your men to give seven of his descendants to us”
996	21:6	ac94			we will hang them	0	Alternate translation: “we will execute them by hanging”
997	21:6	gb8q			in Gibeah of Saul	0	Saul was from the town of Gibeah.
998	21:6	s77u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	the one chosen by Yahweh	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one whom Yahweh chose”
999	21:7	u686			Mephibosheth	0	Mephibosheth was the son of Jonathan. See how you translated his name in [2 Samuel 4:4](../04/04.md).
1000	21:8	nz4w			Rizpah … Aiah	0	Rizpah was a woman and her father was Aiah. See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 3:7](../03/07.md).
1001	21:8	vnv4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Armoni and Mephibosheth … Adriel … Barzillai	0	These are names of men. This is not the same Mephibosheth as the son of Jonathan.
1002	21:8	ab2b			Merab	0	This is the name of a woman. See how you translated it in [2 Samuel 3:13](../03/13.md).
1003	21:8	p5t5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Meholathite	0	This is the name of a people group.
1004	21:9	ji6t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	He handed them over into the hands of the Gibeonites	0	Here “the hands of the Gibeonites” represents the Gibeonite people’s control. Alternate translation: “He gave them to the Gibeonites”
1005	21:9	uyb2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	They were put to death	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Gibeonites put them to death”
1006	21:10	vaz5			Rizpah … Aiah	0	Rizpah was a woman and her father was Aiah. See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 3:7](../03/07.md).
1007	21:11	hs9e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	It was told to David	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told David”
1008	21:12	z1rv			Jabesh Gilead	0	Jabesh is a town in the region of Gilead. See how you translated this in [2 Samuel 2:4](../02/04.md).
1009	21:12	vw7s			the public square	0	This is an area near the city gate where people did various kinds of business.
1010	21:12	nd8d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Beth Shan	0	This is the name of a place.
1011	21:12	ku3i			Gilboa	0	See how you translated the name of this place in [2 Samuel 1:6](../01/06.md).
1012	21:13	n7ji		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	who had been hanged	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Gibeonites executed by hanging”
1013	21:14	ai2f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Zela	0	This is the name of a town in Benjamin.
1014	21:14	bga5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kish	0	This is the name of a man.
1015	21:14	kw3r			his father	0	Alternate translation: “Saul’s father”
1016	21:16	d7sb		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Ishbi-Benob	0	This is the name of a man.
1017	21:16	b31k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight	three hundred shekels	0	“300 shekels.” This is about 3.4 kilograms. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1018	21:17	e49h			Abishai son of Zeruiah	0	Abishai and Zeruiah are names of men. See how you translated these names in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
1019	21:17	d893		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	you do not put out the lamp of Israel	0	The “lamp of Israel” is a metaphor that refers to David’s leadership and the idea that if David were to die, the people of Israel would have no clear direction.
1020	21:18	i8h8			It came about after this that	0	This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
1021	21:18	ei1h		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Gob	0	This is the name of a town.
1022	21:18	zih5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Sibbekai … Saph	0	These are names of men.
1023	21:18	zz7e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hushathite … Rephaim	0	These are names of people groups.
1024	21:18	g7p1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Rephaim	0	This people group was known for its giant warriors.
1025	21:19	pv8s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants	Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed Goliath the Gittite	0	Some versions translate this as “Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother of Goliath the Gittite.”
1026	21:19	xl44		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Elhanan son of Jair … Goliath	0	These are names of men.
1027	21:19	x5yp		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Bethlehemite … Gittite	0	These are names of people groups.
1028	21:19	b7w9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	whose spear was like a weaver’s beam	0	When a person was weaving a cloth he would run the threads through hooks attached to large sticks called a “weaver’s beam.” This means Goliath’s spear was larger than a normal spear.
1029	21:20	nqr4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	twenty-four in number	0	“24 fingers and toes altogether”
1030	21:20	cka4		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Rephaim	0	This people group was known for its giant warriors.
1031	21:21	j56u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jonathan son of Shimeah	0	These are names of men. Shimeah was David’s brother.
1032	21:22	mqg8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	they were killed by the hand of David and by the hand of his soldiers	0	Here “by the hand of” means “through” or “by.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “David and his soldiers killed them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1033	22:intro	abcm				0	# 2 Samuel 22 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic song in 22:2–51.\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### God rescued David\n\nGod rescued David when he thought he would die. He protected David, fought against his enemies, and enabled him to defeat his enemies.\n\n## Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nDavid uses many metaphors to express his trust in God’s protection: “my rock, my fortress, my shield, the horn of my salvation, my stronghold and my refuge.” He used other metaphors to express his hopelessness: “the waves of death surrounded me,” “the rushing waters of worthlessness overwhelmed me,” “the cords of sheol surrounded me;” “the snares of death trapped me,” and “the surging water.” He also used metaphors for the victory God gave him: “I can run over a barricade” and “by my God I can leap over a wall.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
1034	22:1	vx4y		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism		0	# General Information:\n\nDavid’s song to Yahweh starts. He uses parallelism to emphasize what he is saying.
1035	22:1	sh9l			out of the hand of all his enemies, and out of the hand of Saul	0	This is a progression from enemies in general to one specific enemy of David, King Saul.
1036	22:1	gzu9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	out of the hand of	0	This metonym means “out of the power of.”
1037	22:2	t5y8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Yahweh is my rock, my fortress	0	This metaphor shows a progression from a part, “rock,” to the whole, “fortress.” A fortress is built of many large rocks. This means Yahweh has the strength to protect his people from harm.
1038	22:3	h8pd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	God is my rock … He is my shield, the horn of my salvation, my stronghold	0	All of these metaphors are symbols of God’s strength and power. They emphasize God’s ability to protect and save his people.
1039	22:4	v4up		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	who is worthy to be praised	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who is worthy to receive praise”
1040	22:4	p1jc		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	I will be saved from my enemies	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he will save me from my enemies”
1041	22:5	xvj7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	For the waves of death surrounded me, the rushing waters of destruction overwhelmed me	0	David compares the wicked men who wanted to kill him to flood waters that are about to drown him. These sentences have similar meanings and are used for emphasis. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1042	22:5	p6bv			the rushing waters of destruction	0	This is a picture of fast-flowing flood waters that destroy everything in their path.
1043	22:6	d6ka		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The cords of Sheol surrounded me; the snares of death trapped me	0	David speaks about death and Sheol as if they are people who are trying to trap him as a hunter traps an animal. These phrases have similar meanings and are used for emphasis. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1044	22:7	m7xw			In my distress	0	Alternate translation: “In my great trouble”
1045	22:7	dv16			he heard my voice from his temple	0	David is referring to the heavenly temple where Yahweh dwells. The earthly temple has not yet been built.
1046	22:7	v2zx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	my call for help went into his ears	0	Here the metonym “his ears” refers to Yahweh and his hearing of David’s call for help. Alternate translation: “he heard my prayer for help”
1047	22:7	w8ts		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	his ears	0	David speaks of Yahweh as if he had ears.
1048	22:8	ai6g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Then the earth shook	0	This is Yahweh’s response to David’s cry for help from his enemies ([1 Samuel 22:7](./07.md)). David uses the imagery of the earth shaking to emphasize Yahweh’s terrible anger.
1049	22:8	gxt8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	earth shook … heavens trembled	0	David speaks of the two extremes to include everything in creation.
1050	22:8	x6xl		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	and were shaken, because God was angry	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because God’s anger shook them”
1051	22:9	qf19		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	were ignited by it	0	This is Yahweh’s response to David’s cry for help from his enemies ([1 Samuel 22:7](./07.md)). David uses the imagery of fire coming from Yahweh to emphasize Yahweh’s terrible anger.
1052	22:9	c8xq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	his nostrils … his mouth	0	David speaks of Yahweh as if he had these humans parts.
1053	22:9	cq54		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Coals were ignited by it	0	Here Yahweh’s anger is compared to fire, which causes coals to ignite and burn. Alternate translation: “The flame from his mouth set coals on fire” or “He also sent burning coals from his mouth”
1054	22:10	f5ym		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	He opened the heavens	0	David describes Yahweh’s way of saving David from his enemies as a storm cloud gathering over a place. This emphasizes God’s power and his anger.
1055	22:10	pg86		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	under his feet	0	David speaks of God as having feet like humans.
1056	22:11	r4l7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	He was seen on the wings of the wind	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “He appeared on the wings of the wind”
1057	22:11	gmc9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the wings of the wind	0	This expression speaks of the wind as if it were a bird.
1058	22:12	mit5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	rain clouds in the skies	0	David describes Yahweh’s way of saving David from his enemies as a storm cloud gathering over a place. This emphasizes God’s power and his anger.
1059	22:12	ee39		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	He made darkness a tent around him	0	Here the darkness Yahweh creates is compared to a tent which hides him completely. Alternate translation: “He hid himself in the darkness”
1060	22:13	t957			From the lightning before him coals of fire fell	0	This could mean: (1) “Out of his bright light he sent burning coals” or (2) “From his brightness he sent lightning”
1061	22:13	g4lk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	From the lightning before him	0	David continues describing Yahweh, whom he compares to a storm, coming to save him from his enemies. This emphasizes God’s power and anger towards David’s enemies.
1062	22:14	d4ht		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	The Most High shouted.	0	David describes Yahweh doing these actions a person would do.
1063	22:15	h783		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	He shot arrows	0	David describes Yahweh doing these actions a person would do.
1064	22:15	i235		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	He shot arrows … lightning bolts	0	David compares the lightning from Yahweh’s storm to arrows that a soldier would use.
1065	22:15	rg2n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	lightning bolts and dispersed them	0	David continues describing Yahweh, whom he compares to a storm, coming to save him from his enemies. This emphasizes God’s power and anger towards David’s enemies.
1066	22:16	za11		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	Then the channels of the sea were seen … breath of his nostrils	0	When Yahweh shouted in his attack against David’s enemies, it is compared to his power to create upheaval in the deepest parts of the ocean and the earth. This shows his great power and fierce anger. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1067	22:16	dcq2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	the channels of the sea were seen	0	This means that the sea water moved and the ocean floor was visible. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “People could see the channels of the sea”
1068	22:16	it2c			the channels of the sea	0	the deepest part of the sea, from which the Hebrews believed was where the water in the sea came
1069	22:16	kcr5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	the foundations of the world were laid bare at the rebuke of Yahweh, at the blast of the breath of his nostrils	0	David compares Yahweh’s anger to turbulent movements of the ground. “If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s rebuke, the breath of his nostrils, laid bare the foundations of the world”
1070	22:17	kw87		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	out of the surging water	0	David compares his enemies to a flood that threatens to drown him.
1071	22:18	lg3q			He rescued me from my strong enemy	0	David’s enemies were overwhelming. He praises God for delivering him from all his enemies.
1072	22:19	zv1u			They came against me on the day of my distress	0	Alternate translation: “My enemies fought against me when I was in great trouble”
1073	22:19	nty3			the day of my distress	0	Alternate translation: “the time of my distress”
1074	22:19	v9h4			but Yahweh was my support	0	Alternate translation: “but Yahweh supported me” or “but Yahweh helped me”
1075	22:20	yh2u			a wide open place	0	This refers to a place where there was no danger and his enemies could not trap him.
1076	22:21	en85		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to the measure of the cleanness of my hands	0	Here “cleanness of my hands” means the same as “righteousness.” Alternate translation: “because I obey his commands” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1077	22:22	s787			I have kept the ways of Yahweh	0	Here “the ways of Yahweh” refers to how Yahweh wants his people to act. This means David has done what Yahweh commands.
1078	22:23	ze3e			have been before me	0	This means David constantly reads and thinks about God’s decrees.
1079	22:24	j1e5		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	I have kept myself from sin	0	This refers to choosing not to sin against Yahweh.
1080	22:25	qdu9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	to the degree of my cleanness in his sight	0	Here “my cleanness” means the same as “my righteousness.” Alternate translation: “because he knows that I have done what he commands” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1081	22:27	b64p			you are perverse to the twisted	0	Here “perverse” means to be cunning or crafty, and “twisted” means to turn away from what is good and right. This means God is wise in how he deals with wicked people.
1082	22:28	yma2		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification	your eyes are against the proud	0	Here the metonym “your eyes” refers to what Yahweh sees. This means Yahweh watches the proud person.
1083	22:28	b16y			you bring them down	0	Alternate translation: “you destroy their pride”
1084	22:29	h2zr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	you are my lamp, Yahweh. Yahweh lights up my darkness	0	This metaphor compares Yahweh to a lamp, which means he gives David light and helps him to see when things seem hopeless.
1085	22:30	l2yd			I can run over a barricade	0	Here “barricade” may refer to a group of soldiers or to a stone wall. Either way it means God enables David to defeat his enemies.
1086	22:30	ul6k		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole	I can leap over a wall	0	David is exaggerating to emphasize Yahweh’s help. Alternate translation: “I can climb over the wall that surrounds their city”
1087	22:31	gj1g			The word of Yahweh is pure	0	Alternate translation: “Everything Yahweh says is true”
1088	22:31	udr8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	He is a shield	0	The metaphor “a shield” emphasizes God’s power to protect his people.
1089	22:32	p5ua		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	For who is God except Yahweh, and who is a rock except our God?	0	David uses this question to emphasize that there is no God apart from Yahweh. These may be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Yahweh alone is God. Our God alone is a rock.”
1090	22:32	d37f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	who is a rock	0	David compares Yahweh to a rock to emphasize his strength and ability to protect his people.
1091	22:33	c5tv			he leads the blameless person on his path	0	Yahweh keeps the blameless person safe and removes anything that may harm him.
1092	22:34	wm3b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	He makes my feet swift like a deer and places me on the high hills	0	Here David’s feet are compared to those of a deer using exaggeration. Yahweh gives David the strength to move quickly and provides secure places for protection and rest. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1093	22:35	n5gz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	my hands … and my arms	0	Both of these refer to David.
1094	22:35	p7ie			to bend a bow of bronze	0	Only a very strong man could use a bow made from metal.
1095	22:36	ly9s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the shield of your salvation	0	David compares Yahweh’s power to save him to a shield that protects a soldier from his enemy.
1096	22:36	ae4t			your favor	0	God answered David’s prayers and granted him blessings and success over his enemies.
1097	22:37	p573		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	You have made a wide place for my feet beneath me	0	Yahweh has put David in a safe place where his enemies cannot trap him. Here he refers to himself by his “feet” to emphasize his ability to stand securely.
1098	22:38	w4kt			pursued my enemies	0	Alternate translation: “chased my enemies”
1099	22:39	ax1n		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	I devoured them and smashed them	0	Here David compares himself to a wild animal. Alternate translation: “I completely destroyed them like a wild animal devouring its prey”
1100	22:39	e2qk		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	under my feet	0	Here “feet” refers to the power and control of victory over his enemies.
1101	22:40	k5cg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	You put strength on me like a belt for battle	0	Here the strength that Yahweh gives is compared to a belt for battle that allowed David to do mighty things.
1102	22:40	ea24			you put under me those who rise up against me	0	Alternate translation: “you helped me defeat those who fought against me”
1103	22:41	p97v			the back of my enemies’ necks	0	This could mean: (1) David seeing the backs of the enemy as they run away or (2) David putting his foot on the back of his enemy’s neck after he defeats him.
1104	22:41	ip4h			I annihilated	0	Alternate translation: “I completely destroyed”
1105	22:42	h32w			They cried	0	Alternate translation: “My enemies cried”
1106	22:42	c9qg			they cried out to Yahweh, but he did not answer them	0	The time for Yahweh’s judgment had come upon them.
1107	22:43	fum1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	like dust on the ground … like mud in the streets	0	This means that David completely destroyed his enemies. These two phrases “like dust on the ground” and “like mud on the streets” have a similar meaning and are used for emphasis. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1108	22:44	th42			from the disputes of my own people	0	This refers to those among the Israelites who rebelled against King David.
1109	22:44	tjl8			You have kept me as the head of nations	0	“You placed me as ruler over the nations.” Here “nations” refers to other nations besides Israel.
1110	22:44	p5i2			A people that I have not known	0	Alternate translation: “A foreign people”
1111	22:45	t5y6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	Foreigners were forced to bow to me	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Foreigners bowed down to me”
1112	22:47	u5bd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	May my rock be praised. May God be exalted	0	These sentences have similar meaning and are used for emphasis. These may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May everyone praise my rock. May everyone exalt God” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1113	22:47	xr9u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	my rock … the rock	0	David compares Yahweh to a rock to emphasize his power to protect his people.
1114	22:48	z1qb			the one who brings down peoples under me	0	Alternate translation: “the one who puts the people of other nations under my rule”
1115	22:49	iu4b			you lifted me up above those who rose up against me	0	Alternate translation: “you saved me from my enemies and gave me honor”
1116	22:49	e1y3			from violent men	0	Alternate translation: “from those who want to harm me”
1117	22:50	r7zu				0	# General Information:\n\nDavid concludes his song to Yahweh.
1118	22:50	qk4d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	to your name	0	Here the metonym “name” refers to Yahweh’s reputation.
1119	22:51	fz6y			he shows his covenant loyalty to his anointed one	0	Here David may be referring to the promises Yahweh made in [2 Samuel 7:8](../07/08.md)
1120	23:intro	abcn				0	# 2 Samuel 23 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:2–7.\n\n2 Samuel 23:8–39 is a list of the famous people in David’s army along with some of the special deeds some of them did. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]])\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Everlasting covenant\n\nThis is a reference to the covenant God previously made with David. (See: [2 Samuel 7](../07/01.md), [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]]).
1121	23:1	jk1i			Now	0	This marks the beginning of a new section of the book.
1122	23:1	lw9i			these are the last words	0	This refers to what David will say in 2 Samuel 23:2–7.
1123	23:1	hvt1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	the man who was highly honored, the one anointed by the God of Jacob	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man whom the God of Jacob highly honored and anointed”
1124	23:1	y2lz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	anointed by the God of Jacob	0	Anointing was done by pouring oil on a person’s head. This was done to choose who would serve God as king or priest.
1125	23:1	khe9			psalmist	0	This is a person who writes psalms or songs.
1126	23:2	ey25			by me	0	by David
1127	23:2	r3yy		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	and his word was on my tongue	0	Here “on my tongue” is a metonym for David speaking. Alternate translation: “he gave me a message to speak”
1128	23:3	c9yd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The God of Israel spoke, the Rock of Israel … me	0	Here the “God of Israel” is the same as the “Rock of Israel.” The two phrases say essentially the same thing. David compares God to a rock to emphasize his power to protect his people. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1129	23:3	w218		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	The one who rules righteously over men, who rules in the fear of God	0	These two sentences both say that the king will respect God and do what God wants him to do.
1130	23:3	a7ac			in the fear of God	0	Alternate translation: “respecting God”
1131	23:4	er3p		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	He will be like the morning light … sunshine after rain	0	Here God is comparing the king to the morning light and sunshine after the rain. These are all ways of saying this king would be a delight to God and a blessing for the people. These two phrases have a similar meaning and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “He will be a delight to all” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1132	23:5	hef3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Indeed, is my family not like this before God?	0	Here David is saying that he agrees with God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “My family is indeed like this before God!”
1133	23:5	n1tt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Has he not made … way?	0	David acknowledges that God has made a covenant with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “He has indeed made … way.”
1134	23:5	gq5b			ordered and sure	0	This means God’s covenant is properly organized and will not change so David’s family can trust it.
1135	23:5	r8xz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Does he not increase my salvation … desire?	0	David believes that God will always help him and cause him to prosper. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “He increases my salvation and gives me my every desire.”
1136	23:6	abg3				0	# General Information:\n\nThis concludes David’s last words.
1137	23:6	ic15		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile	But the worthless will all be like thorns to be thrown away	0	Here the wicked person is compared to useless thorns. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the wicked person is worthless and dangerous like thorns we throw away” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1138	23:6	dgn8			because they cannot be gathered by one’s hands	0	Alternate translation: “because no one can pick them up with his hands without the thorns hurting him”
1139	23:7	api5			They must be burned up where they lie	0	“Where thorns are found, that is where they must be burned.” This means God will destroy wicked people.
1140	23:8	ck79		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jeshbaal	0	This is the name of a man. Other versions read Josheb Basshebeth, Jashobeam, Ishbaal, or Ishbosheth because various ancient copies have these variations. Translators may choose to say this in a footnote to their translation
1141	23:8	pka9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Hachmonite	0	This is the name of a people group. Alternate translation: “son of Hachmon”
1142	23:8	vbh7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	eight hundred	0	“800”
1143	23:10	lw96		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	The army returned after Eleazar	0	This means that the army returned after Eleazar returned from battle. Alternate translation: “The Israeli army returned to the battle field after Eleazer had already won the battle”
1144	23:10	jab4			only to strip the bodies	0	Alternate translation: “only to take what they wanted from the dead bodies of the enemies”
1145	23:11	kv12			a field of lentils	0	Alternate translation: “a field where someone had planted lentils”
1146	23:11	t6zi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	lentils	0	a flat seed, eaten like beans
1147	23:11	dqs9			the army fled	0	Alternate translation: “the Israelite army ran away”
1148	23:13	jyy8			Three of the thirty	0	These are not the same three soldiers mentioned in [2 Samuel 23:8–12](./08.md).
1149	23:13	de7l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	the thirty	0	“the 30” or “the thirty bravest Israelite soldiers.” The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1150	23:13	y5db		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	cave of Adullam	0	“cave near the town of Adullam.” Adullam is near Bethlehem.
1151	23:13	w9u8			Valley of Rephaim	0	This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [2 Samuel 5:18](../05/18.md).
1152	23:14	f68v			in his stronghold	0	Alternate translation: “in his protected place”
1153	23:14	pej4			the Philistines had established at Bethlehem	0	Alternate translation: “some Philistines soldiers were controlling the village of Bethlehem”
1154	23:16	r8yf			broke through the army	0	Alternate translation: “fought their way through the enemy army”
1155	23:17	nz91		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Should I drink the blood of men who have risked their lives?	0	David compares the water to blood because the men risked their lives to bring the water to him. He uses a question to emphasize this. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Drinking this water would be like drinking the blood of those men who have risked their lives to bring it to me.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1156	23:18	jjf7			Abishai … Zeruiah	0	These are the names of men. Translate them as in [2 Samuel 2:18](../02/18.md).
1157	23:18	xve2			captain over the three	0	This means Abishai was the leader of the three who went and got water for David.
1158	23:18	cs6f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	three hundred men	0	“300 men”
1159	23:18	gxa6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	He was often mentioned along with the three soldiers	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People often mentioned him when they spoke about the three bravest men”
1160	23:19	ir5c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	Was he not even more famous than the three?	0	This question is used to emphasize how famous he was. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “He was even more famous than the three.”
1161	23:19	gph9			three most famous soldiers	0	This refers to Josheb Basshebeth, Eleazar, and Shimeah. Abishai was not as famous as these soldiers.
1162	23:20	l41w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Kabzeel	0	This is the name of a city.
1163	23:20	g72h			Jehoiada	0	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [2 Samuel 8:18](../08/18.md).
1164	23:20	vqy6			Ariel	0	This is the name of a man.
1165	23:22	k95v			did these feats	0	Alternate translation: “did these mighty deeds”
1166	23:22	y87l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	he was named alongside the three mighty men	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people praise him like they praised the three mighty men”
1167	23:22	nbw7			three mighty men	0	This refers to Josheb Basshebeth, Eleazar, and Shimeah.
1168	23:23	b1df		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	He was more highly regarded than the thirty soldiers in general, but he was not regarded quite as highly as the three mighty men	0	“He was more famous than the other 30 soldiers except for the three best soldiers”
1169	23:23	l8t2			his bodyguard	0	a group of soldiers in charge of guarding David
1170	23:24	q89a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	# General Information:\n\nThis is a list of David’s greatest soldiers.
1171	23:24	h79d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	The thirty	0	“The 30 very famous soldiers” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1172	23:37	ud59		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names		0	# General Information:\n\nThis concludes the list of David’s greatest soldiers.
1173	23:39	t6d8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	thirty-seven in all	0	“there were 37 total”
1174	24:intro	abco				0	# 2 Samuel 24 General Notes\n\n## Religious and Cultural Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Counting soldiers\n\nDavid ordered the leaders of his army to count how many men of fighting age there were. He was not supposed to do this because it showed he did not trust God. God was displeased and offered David three punishments. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
1175	24:1	c86d		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	the anger of Yahweh was ignited against Israel	0	The word “ignite” means start a fire. Here Yahweh’s anger is compared to that of a fire. Alternate translation: “the anger of Yahweh started to burn like a fire”
1176	24:1	dq6l			he moved David against them	0	Alternate translation: “he caused David to oppose them”
1177	24:1	x6eq		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	Go, count Israel and Judah	0	In the law of Moses, God prohibited the kings of Israel from taking a census of fighting men. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
1178	24:2	u7bz		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	Dan to Beersheba	0	This phrase uses two place names Dan, in the far north, and Beersheba, in the far south, to represent the entire country.
1179	24:2	fu4s			count all the people … fit for battle	0	This means to count all the men except those men who are either too young, too old, or physically unable to fight.
1180	24:3	qi23		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	multiply … hundred times	0	This means “produce 100 more people for every one person there is now.”
1181	24:4	b9zy			the king’s word was final against Joab	0	Joab and the other commanders of King David’s army were not able to convince David to not take a census.
1182	24:4	c8cv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	the king’s word	0	This phrase represents the king’s command to them. Alternate translation: “what the king had commanded”
1183	24:5	h1bw			They crossed	0	Alternate translation: “Joab and the commanders of the army crossed”
1184	24:5	pt7b		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Aroer	0	This was a city on the northern edge of the Arnon River.
1185	24:5	zpx8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Jazer	0	This is a town in Gad.
1186	24:6	wc3c		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Tahtim Hodshi	0	This may refer to the town of Kadesh in the land of the Hittite people.
1187	24:8	db36			they had gone	0	Alternate translation: “Joab and the commanders had gone”
1188	24:8	i1gd		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	nine months and twenty days	0	“9 months and 20 days”
1189	24:9	qq68			Then Joab reported the total of the count of the fighting men to the king	0	Alternate translation: “Then Joab told the king the total number of men ready for battle”
1190	24:9	b91x			in Israel	0	This refers to the northern tribes of Israel.
1191	24:9	k78w		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	800,000 & 500,000	0	“eight hundred thousand … five hundred thousand”
1192	24:9	t1ix		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	who drew the sword	0	This metonym refers to the men who were ready to fight in the army.
1193	24:9	e4ft			of Judah	0	This refers to the southern tribe of Judah.
1194	24:10	cb8t		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	David’s heart afflicted him	0	The “heart” here is a metonym for David’s emotions and conscience. Alternate translation: “David felt guilty”
1195	24:10	bvb3			Now, Yahweh, take away your servant’s guilt	0	David refers to himself as “your servant.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority.
1196	24:11	h1gv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	the word of Yahweh came to the prophet Gad, David’s seer, saying,	0	The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this idiom in [2 Samuel 7:4](../07/04.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to the prophet Gad, David’s seer. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to the prophet Gad, David’s seer:”
1197	24:11	a4ac			David’s seer	0	This means Gad was the official prophet in the royal palace.
1198	24:14	q8an			I am in deep trouble	0	Alternate translation: “I am in terrible trouble”
1199	24:14	d6ux		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Let us fall into Yahweh’s hands rather than into the hand of man	0	Here “hands” refer to power or control. Alternate translation: “Let Yahweh and not people punish us”
1200	24:15	jgc8			a fixed time	0	This is the time God decided he would stop the plague.
1201	24:15	s22f		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	seventy thousand	0	“70,000”
1202	24:15	gt1z		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism	from Dan to Beersheba	0	Here mentioning the city of Dan in the extreme north and the city Beersheba in the extreme south means the entire nation of Israel.
1203	24:16	tl5x		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	the angel reached out with his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it	0	Here the metonym “hand” stands for the angel’s power. Alternate translation: “the angel was about to destroy the people in Jerusalem”
1204	24:16	ap2v			Yahweh changed his mind because of the harm	0	This means that Yahweh stopped the evil that he was allowing the angel to do. Alternate translation: “Yahweh felt grieved about the harm”
1205	24:16	x95i		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Now draw back your hand	0	The metonym “hand” stands for the angel’s power. Alternate translation: “Do not harm them any longer”
1206	24:16	y4es		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names	Araunah	0	This is the name of a man.
1207	24:16	ug3p			the threshing floor	0	A threshing floor was a hard, flat surface where edible grain was separated from chaff.
1208	24:17	c2r6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism	I have sinned, and I have acted perversely	0	These phrases mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “I have sinned terribly”
1209	24:17	b9vn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion	But these sheep, what have they done?	0	David uses a question and compares the people to sheep to emphasize that they have done nothing wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “These ordinary people have done nothing wrong.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1210	24:17	e2dt		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	Please let your hand punish me	0	Here the metonym “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “Please punish me”
1211	24:20	q15a		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction	bowed to the king with his face to the ground	0	He was showing deep respect and honor to the king.
1212	24:21	r7k9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	so that the plague may be removed from the people	0	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh will remove this plague from the people”
1213	24:22	bwm7		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	what is good in your sight	0	Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “what you think is good” or “what is good in your judgement”
1214	24:22	p54x			threshing sledges	0	heavy boards used to separate grain from the rest of the wheat plant
1215	24:24	m1m6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	I will not offer … anything that costs me nothing	0	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “I will only offer … something that I have paid for”
1216	24:24	w2n6		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers	fifty shekels	0	“50 shekels.” A shekel is 11 grams. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
1217	24:25	xl51		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	on behalf of the land	0	Here the metonym “land” stands for the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “on behalf of the people of Israel”
1218	24:25	lp9s		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	the plague on Israel was confined	0	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God confined the plague that had been on Israel” or “God took the plague away from Israel”