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21KIfrontintroh5yn0# Introduction to 1 Kings<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of 1 Kings<br><br>1. David dies and Solomon begins to reign (1:1-2:46)<br>1. Solomon reigns (3:111:43)<br> * Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:14:43)<br> * Solomons temple (5:18:66)<br> * Rise and fall of Solomon (9:111:43)<br>1. The kingdom divides (12:1-14:31)<br> * Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:124)<br> * Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:2533)<br> * Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:114:20)<br> * Rehoboams end (14:2131)<br>1. Kings and events in Israel and Judah (15:1-22:53)<br> * Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:124)<br> * Nadab in Israel (15:2532)<br> * Baasha in Israel (15:3316:7)<br> * Elah in Israel (16:814)<br> * Zimri in Israel (16:1522)<br> * Omri in Israel (16:2328)<br> * Ahab in Israel (16:2922:40)<br> * Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:4150)<br> * Ahaziah in Israel (22:5153)<br><br>### What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?<br><br>These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.<br><br>In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem ([2 Kings 2223](../../2ki/22/01.md)). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.<br><br>The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?<br><br>These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?<br><br>In the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.<br><br>### What does the king “did what was right (or evil) in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?<br><br>The writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.<br><br>### What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?<br><br>The name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/israel]])<br><br>### Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel?<br><br>The Books of 1 and 2 Samuel should be translated before 1 Kings, since 1 Kings continues from where 2 Samuel ends.
31KI1introv4960# 1 Kings 1 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>1 Kings is a continuation of 2 Samuel.<br><br>This chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1-11) after the death of David.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>==The next king==<br>David did not announce who was to succeed him. Because of this, there was fighting between Davids sons over who should be king. Adonijah invited guests to a banquet and declared himself king. Then those favoring Solomon told David and he declared Solomon the new king.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br>Several times in this chapter, the people use the idiom “sit on the throne” to mean “be king.” Solomon assures Adonijah that if he behaves himself “not a hair of his will fall to the earth,” meaning “he will not be harmed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
41KI11pwg10covered him with blanketsThey put many blankets on King David to try to keep him warm.
51KI11b43pfigs-doublet0old and advanced in years“very old.” The two phrases are similar in meaning and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]].)
61KI13f51x0So they searchedAlternate translation: “So the kings servants searched”
71KI13jj8hfigs-hyperbole0within all the borders of IsraelThis is a generalization. Alternate translation: “all over the land of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
81KI13pts5translate-names0AbishagThis is a womans name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
91KI13lg2htranslate-names0Shunammitea person from the city of Shunem (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
101KI13e9hz0the kingAlternate translation: “King David”
111KI15j538translate-names0Adonijah son of HaggithHaggith was a wife of David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
121KI15uqt70exalted himselfAlternate translation: “began to boast”
131KI15gxh90horsemenThese are men who drive chariots pulled by horses.
141KI15u44y0fifty men to run ahead of himThese men would go ahead of the chariots to clear the way for them and protect them.
151KI16wpj50had never troubled him, sayingAlternate translation: “had never troubled him. He had never even asked him” or “had never wanted to make him angry, so he never even asked him”
161KI16eh22figs-rquestion0Why have you done this or that?This is a rhetorical question that a father would ask to discipline his son. Alternate translation: “You should know that what you have done is wrong.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
171KI16g8110born next after AbsalomDavid was the father or both Absalom and Adonijah, but they had different mothers. Absalom was born, then Adonijah.
181KI17yk920He conferred with JoabAlternate translation: “Adonijah discussed his plans with Joab”
191KI17lla5translate-names0Joab … Zeruiah … Abiathar … AdonijahThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
201KI17a99r0followed Adonijah and helped himAlternate translation: “supported and helped Adonijah” or “promised to support and help Adonijah”
211KI18sj3wtranslate-names0Zadok … Benaiah … Jehoiada … Nathan … Shimei … ReiThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
221KI19k2ub0fattened calvesAlternate translation: “calves that were given plenty of food so that they would be fat” or “young cows that were specially prepared for sacrifice”
231KI19lp17translate-names0stone of ZohelethThis is a rocky area near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
241KI19xh7gtranslate-names0En RogelThis was the name of a spring where people got water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
251KI19q3zvfigs-hyperbole0all his brothers … all the menThis is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
261KI19cex20all his brothers, the kings sonsThese two phrases refer to the same people.
271KI19g2tn0men of Judah, the kings servantsThese two phrases refer to the same people.
281KI111l2v9figs-rquestion0Have you not heard … it?The purpose of this question is to introduce the information that Nathan wants to tell Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “You do not seem to have heard … it.” or “Have you heard … it?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
291KI111pb3p0that Adonijah son of Haggith has become kingAlternate translation: “that Haggiths son Adonijah is trying to become king”
301KI111ae8utranslate-names0HaggithAdonijahs mother and a wife of David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
311KI113v5dqfigs-rquestion0did you not swear to your servant … throne?The purpose of this question was to remind David of what he had promised Bathsheba. Alternate translation: “you swore to your servant … throne.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
321KI113pg8nfigs-pronouns0to your servantBathsheba speaks to David as if she were someone else to show that she respects David. Alternate translation: “to me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
331KI113rwb6figs-metonymy0he will sit on my throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
341KI113k3xwfigs-rquestion0Why then is Adonijah reigning?Bathsheba was to use a question so David would pay attention. Alternate translation: “So then, Adonijah should not be reigning.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
351KI114c78s0confirm your wordsAlternate translation: “tell him that what you have said is true”
361KI115r8hv0the kings roomAlternate translation: “the room in which the king slept”
371KI115b4tq0Abishag the ShunammiteThis is the young virgin that King Davids servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md).
381KI116i62h0bowed and prostrated herself before the kingAlternate translation: “bowed close to the ground in front of the king”
391KI116q1mt0What do you desire?Alternate translation: “What can I do for you?”
401KI117f3nw0you swore toThe form of “you” here is emphatic. Alternate translation: “you yourself swore to”
411KI117n2c30your servantBathsheba speaks as if she were another person to show David that she respects him. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “me, your servant”
421KI117ywl10YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
431KI117bt9tfigs-metonymy0he shall sit on my throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
441KI118c6z70seeAlternate translation: “look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
451KI119hk1d0oxen, fatted calves, and sheep in abundanceAlternate translation: “many oxen, fatted calves, and sheep”
461KI120zlc4figs-synecdoche0the eyes of all Israel are on you, waitingHere “eyes” refers to the people. Here “the eyes … are on you” is an idiom that means the people are waiting expectantly. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel are waiting expectantly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
471KI120ux2p0will sit on the throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “will be king”
481KI121pu6xfigs-pronouns0when my master the king sleeps with his fathersBathsheba speaks to King David as if she were speaking about him to show that she respects him. Alternate translation: “when you sleep with your fathers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
491KI121jz9efigs-euphemism0sleeps with his fathersThis is a polite way of saying “dies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
501KI121z8sufigs-activepassive0I and my son Solomon will be regarded as criminalsThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the new king will regard my son Solomon and me as criminals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
511KI122b6a80General Information:Nathan the prophet speaks to King David.
521KI123tsg50prostrated himselfAlternate translation: “bowed very low”
531KI124mhc4figs-quotations0have you said, Adonijah will reign after me, and he will sit on my throne?This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “have you said that Adonijah will reign after you, and he will sit on your throne?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
541KI124vmf50he will sit on my throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”
551KI125xm46figs-idiom0eating and drinking before himAdonijah probably sat at a table where he could watch all those he had invited as they ate and drank. The main idea is that the people Nathan named were with Adonijah and they were celebrating together. Alternate translation: “eating and drinking with him” or “eating and drinking where he can see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
561KI127b3wqfigs-123person0Has my master the king done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after him?Nathan refers to David in the third person. This is a way of showing respect to the king. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “Have you, my master the king, done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after you?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
571KI127s1tlfigs-metonymy0who should sit on the throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “who would be king after him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
581KI128f7fz0General Information:King David makes a promise to Bathsheba.
591KI128vs190came into the kings presenceAlternate translation: “came before the king” or “came back to the king”
601KI129i97z0made an oathAlternate translation: “made a solemn promise”
611KI130xg17figs-metonymy0he will sit on my throne in my placeSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “he will take my place and be king just as I was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
621KI131rdz6figs-hyperbole0May my master King David live foreverBathsheba knew David would not live forever; this is a way of saying that he is a good king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
631KI132y9bc0General Information:King David anoints Solomon king.
641KI133e68vfigs-pronouns0the servants of your masterDavid speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else so Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah would remember that David is still king. Alternate translation: “my servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
651KI133de2vtranslate-names0GihonThis is the name of a water spring. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
661KI135qn6j0he will come and sit on my throneThe words “sit on the throne” are used as a metonym for being king in [1 Kings 1:13](../01/13.md), [1 Kings 1:17](./17.md), and [1 Kings 1:30](./30.md). Here David speaks of Solomon literally sitting on a physical throne.
671KI136q1hs0So let it be!They agree and will do what King David said.
681KI136u4b9figs-pronouns0May Yahweh, the God of my master the king, confirmBenaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “My master and king, may Yahweh your God confirm” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
691KI137v83ufigs-pronouns0has been with my master the king, soBenaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “has been with you, my master the king, so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
701KI137l4ndfigs-metonymy0make his throne greater than the throne of my master King DavidThe word **throne** is a metonym for either: (1) the person who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “make the one who sits on the throne greater than my master King David” or (2) the kingdom over which the one who sits on the throne rules. Alternate translation: “make his kingdom greater than the kingdom of my master King David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
711KI137fzr9figs-pronouns0the throne of my master King DavidBenaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “your throne, my master King David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
721KI138ec4p0General Information:The people of Israel anoint Solomon as king over Israel.
731KI138nk4ttranslate-names0Kerethites … PelethitesThese are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
741KI138t1rdtranslate-names0GihonThis is the name of a spring, where fresh water comes out of the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
751KI139l3240took the horn of oil out of the tentThis means the priest took the special animal horn filled with olive oil that was kept in Yahwehs special tent.
761KI139v5930took the horn of oilThis could mean: (1) the horn of an animal filled with olive oil or (2) a container that had replaced the original horn, but the people still called it a horn. Alternate translation: “took a container of oil”
771KI139uf1xfigs-hyperbole0all the peopleThis is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
781KI141qc570General Information:Adonijah hears the loud noise and waits for the news.
791KI143m3860General Information:Adonijah learns that Solomon is the new king.
801KI144bah7translate-names0Kerethites … PelethitesThese are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
811KI146nz69figs-metonymy0is sitting on the throne of the kingdomThis could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: “is now king” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
821KI148v2c2figs-metonymy0a person to sit on my throne this dayThis could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](../01/35.md). Alternate translation: “a person to be king today as I was” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
831KI149k3ln0General Information:Adonijah becomes terrified of King Solomon.
841KI149iqg3figs-idiom0They stood upAnother possible meaning is “They began to act quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
851KI150lg7j0Adonijah … took hold of the horns of the altarThe “horns of the altar” symbolized the strength and protection of Yahweh, but because Adonijah literally went into the area of the physical tent to take literal hold of the physical horns, you should translate this literally.
861KI150ls5ifigs-idiom0Adonijah … rose up, wentAnother possible meaning is “Adonijah … quickly went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
871KI151i1kufigs-pronouns0is afraid of King SolomonThe servants speak to King Solomon as if they were speaking of someone else to show that they respected King Solomon. Alternate translation: “is afraid of you, King Solomon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
881KI151g2eifigs-pronouns0he will not kill his servantAdonijah speaks of himself as if he were speaking of another person so people will think that he respects King Solomon. Alternate translation: “he will not kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
891KI152jr660General Information:Solomon spares the life of Adonijah.
901KI152t3drfigs-explicit0not a hair of his will fall to the earthThis is an exaggeration to say that Solomon will keep Adonijah safe. Alternate translation: “not a hair of his head will fall” or “I will keep him safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
911KI152d933figs-abstractnouns0wickedness is found in himIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wickedness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. It is spoken of as if it were an object that could be found in a container. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “he does what is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
921KI2intronsa10# 1 Kings 2 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter has two stories: Davids last advice to Solomon and Solomons punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Exalting oneself<br>Exalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Euphemism<br>David spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: “I am going the way of all the earth.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Parallelism<br><br>David wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: “Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses.” Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
931KI22v679figs-euphemism0I am going the way of all the earthThis is a polite way of saying “I am going to die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
941KI22n19lfigs-ellipsis0show yourself a manThe ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “show everyone that you are a man” or “live so that everyone can see you are a good man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
951KI23z9rtfigs-idiom0walk in his waysWalking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “live the way he commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
961KI23dd230so you may prosperAlternate translation: “so you may succeed” or “so you may do well”
971KI24rt480may fulfill his wordAlternate translation: “do everything he promised he would do”
981KI24dul90If your sons … you will never ceaseYahweh is talking to David, so the words “you” and “your” refer to David.
991KI24zt1t0to walk before me faithfullyYahweh is talking to David, so the word “me” refers to Yahweh.
1001KI24m9j1figs-idiom0with all their heart and with all their soulThe idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1011KI24j114figs-metonymy0you will never cease to have a man on the throne of IsraelThe word “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes “will never cease to have” can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel” or “one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
1021KI25vc4k0what Joab … did to me, and what he didDavid is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did”
1031KI25dfd6figs-metonymy0shed the blood of war in peaceThis could mean: (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1041KI25x43ifigs-metonymy0put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feetThis could mean: (1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or (2) the word “blood” is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joabs authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1051KI26hm11figs-metonymy0do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peaceHere being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a “gray head.” Alternate translation: “make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1061KI27p85ctranslate-names0Barzillaia mans name (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1071KI27tcu5figs-metonymy0let them be among those who eat at your tableThe table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1081KI28l8ystranslate-names0Shimei … Geramens names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1091KI28ec5k0Benjamitedescendant of Benjamin
1101KI28r5e7translate-names0Bahurim … Mahanaimplace names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1111KI29tvd1figs-doublenegatives0do not let him go free from punishmentThis can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1121KI29wrv9figs-metonymy0bring his gray head down to the grave with bloodBlood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1131KI210uiy40General Information:David dies and Solomon takes his place as the new king of Israel.
1141KI210rlu4figs-euphemism0slept with his ancestorsDavid dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
1151KI210h7jtfigs-activepassive0David … and was buriedThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “David … and they buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1161KI211f3w50The days that David reigned over Israel wereAlternate translation: “The time that David reigned over Israel was” or “David reigned over Israel for”
1171KI212nhg1figs-metonymy0sat on the throne of his father DavidThe throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: “became king, as his father David had been” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1181KI212p55bfigs-activepassive0his rule was firmly establishedThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomons rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1191KI213tqp20General Information:Adonijah comes to speak to Bathsheba.
1201KI213edr50peacefullywith no desire to cause harm
1211KI215c7exfigs-hyperbole0all IsraelThis is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
1221KI215zv370things changedAlternate translation: “what we expected to happen did not happen”
1231KI215j26bfigs-activepassive0the kingdom was given to my brotherThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother” or “my brother became king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1241KI216de480General Information:Adonijah shares his request with Bathsheba.
1251KI216ceu4figs-metonymy0do not turn away from my faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “do not refuse to do what I request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1261KI217yj4wfigs-metonymy0he will not turn away from your faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “he will not refuse to do what you request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1271KI217k5fq0Abishag the ShunammiteSee [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md).
1281KI219c3gr0General Information:Bathsheba goes to King Solomon with Adonijahs request.
1291KI219taa60The king rose“The king stood up” from where he was sitting on his throne.
1301KI219hdv2figs-activepassive0had a throne broughtIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “told someone to bring a throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1311KI219xwh60the kings motherBathsheba
1321KI220z967figs-metonymy0you will not turn away from my face … I will not turn away from your faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md) and [1 Kings 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “you will not refuse to do what I request … I will not refuse to do what you request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1331KI221hu72figs-activepassive0Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah … as his wifeThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Allow Adonijah … to marry Abishag the Shunammite” or “Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah … as his wife” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1341KI222mq4g0General Information:King Solomon gives an answer to Adonijahs request.
1351KI222d8bhfigs-rquestion0Why do you ask … Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah?King Solomon was angered by his mothers request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1361KI223zem8figs-idiom0May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own lifeThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1371KI224gp3x0General Information:King Solomon executes Adonijah.
1381KI224ac1qfigs-metonymy0set me on the throneThe word “throne” refers to Solomons authority to rule that was given by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1391KI224k151figs-metonymy0who has made me a houseHere “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1401KI226wfx40General Information:Solomon dismisses Abiathar from being priest.
1411KI226w4ap0suffered in every way my father sufferedAbiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king.
1421KI227q79l0that he might fulfillThe word “he” refers to King Solomon.
1431KI227pkk60the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the things that Yahweh had said”
1441KI227hzt80which he had spokenThe word “he” refers to Yahweh.
1451KI228x3jq0General Information:King Solomon orders Benaiah to execute Joab.
1461KI228bnc90The news came to JoabAlternate translation: “Joab heard what Solomon did after he had become king”
1471KI228zpq5figs-metonymy0the horns of the altarThe horns of the altar symbolized Yahwehs power and protection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1481KI229t39efigs-activepassive0It was told King Solomon that Joab had fledThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1491KI230za710General Information:Benaiah goes to execute Joab.
1501KI231sj9ufigs-metonymy0bury him so that you may take away from me and from my fathers house the blood that Joab shed without causeHere “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my fathers house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1511KI232bm3y0General Information:King Solomon explains why Joab should die.
1521KI232uk13figs-metonymy0May Yahweh return his blood on his own headThe word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1531KI232n2ghfigs-doublet0more righteous and betterThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1541KI233qiy8figs-metonymy0may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendantsThe word “blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “blood return on the head of” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1551KI233x8x7figs-metonymy0to his house, and to his throneThe words “house” and “throne” are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate translation: “to Davids descendants and to Davids kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1561KI234yc4r0General Information:Benaiah kills Joab and becomes the commander of King Solomons army.
1571KI234eqv20He was buried in his own houseThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “They buried Joab in his own house”
1581KI234br9dfigs-metonymy0in his own houseThe house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate translation: “where his family lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1591KI236dwu70General Information:King Solomon tells Shimei to stay in Jerusalem or Shimei will die.
1601KI237d6zbfigs-metonymy0Your blood will be on your own headHere “blood” is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “You will be responsible for your own death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1611KI239c8cs0General Information:Shimei leaves Jerusalem.
1621KI239m2lktranslate-names0Achish … Maacah … Gathmens names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1631KI239mgg2translate-names0Gatha Philistine city (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1641KI240v645figs-idiom0Shimei aroseThis is an idiom. “Shimei quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1651KI241deq50General Information:King Solomon judges Shimei for leaving Jerusalem.
1661KI241mvk6figs-activepassive0Solomon was toldThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone told Solomon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1671KI242c16yfigs-rquestion0Did I not make you swear … saying, Know … die?Solomon is reminding Shimei of what Shimei had promised. Alternate translation: “You know very well that I made you swear … saying, Know … die!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1681KI243bt3j0General Information:King Solomon pronounces judgment upon Shimei for leaving Jerusalem.
1691KI243pue7figs-rquestion0Why then have you not kept your oath … you?This could mean: (1) Solomon is asking for an answer or (2) Alternate translation: “You have done wrong by breaking your oath … you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1701KI244f7q3figs-synecdoche0will return your wickedness on your own headHere the head represents the person, and wickedness is spoken of as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put on a persons head. Alternate translation: “will hold you responsible for all your wickedness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1711KI245r8430General Information:King Solomon orders Shimei to be put to death.
1721KI245fx8tfigs-metonymy0the throne of David will be established before Yahweh foreverHere “throne of David” represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1731KI246q4c8figs-metonymy0in Solomons handThis use of “hand” represents Solomons power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1741KI3intror15u0# 1 Kings 3 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter has two stories. Verses 1-15 is the story of Solomons dream when God asked him what he wanted and he said he needed wisdom to be a good and fair ruler. Verses 16-28 is the story of a court case showing Solomons wisdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Wisdom<br><br>God was very pleased with Solomons request for wisdom. This is because wisdom was something that he could use to serve other people instead of himself. Because this was a noble request, God promised Solomon wisdom, wealth, and fame. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])<br><br>### Putting the needs of others first<br>There are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front of their own needs. God is pleased with people wanting to do their job well more than wanting to be blessed. A mother will put the life of her child above every other concern. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]])
1751KI31h2l60General Information:Solomon marries an Egyptian.
1761KI31q5yv0Solomon allied himself by marriage with Pharaoh king of EgyptSolomon became the son-in-law of Pharaoh king of Egypt so the two kings would work together and fight together against their enemies.
1771KI31s4dd0until he had finished buildingShe was still in the city of David after he had finished building.
1781KI31l66h0the house of YahwehAlternate translation: “the temple”
1791KI32vv3wfigs-activepassive0no house had yet been builtThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one had yet built a house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1801KI32x9tffigs-metonymy0for the name of YahwehThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1811KI33tr54figs-metaphor0walking in the statutes of David his fatherHow one lives ones life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “obeying the laws that David his father had made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1821KI34sr280General Information:God asks Solomon what he can do for Solomon.
1831KI34hhq10the great high placeAlternate translation: “the most famous place for makings sacrifices” or “the most important altar”
1841KI35f1km0Ask! What should I give you?Alternate translation: “Ask me for whatever you want and I will give it to you.” or “What do you want? Ask and I will give it to you.”
1851KI36e1uh0General Information:Solomon responds to Gods question.
1861KI36ii4sfigs-abstractnouns0You have shown great covenant faithfulness to your servantIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You have been very faithful to your covenant with your servant” or “You have greatly and faithfully loved your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1871KI36kyk6figs-metaphor0because he walked before you in trustworthiness, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heartWalking is a metaphor for the way one lives. The abstract nouns “trustworthiness,” “righteousness,” and “uprightness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because he was trustworthy and righteous, and his heart was upright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1881KI36c77hfigs-metaphor0in uprightness of heartA sincere person is spoken of as one whose heart is upright. Alternate translation: “he was sincere” or “he spoke the truth and did what was good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1891KI36tyy2figs-pronouns0have given him a sonThe “son” is Solomon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
1901KI36fji4figs-metonymy0to sit on his throneSitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate translation: “to rule in his place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1911KI36a4q10todaySolomon is speaking of the years he had already been ruling, not of the time since the sun had last set.
1921KI37ep150General Information:Solomon asks for wisdom.
1931KI37cj3jfigs-pronouns0your servantSolomon speaks as if he is another person to show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
1941KI37fc3gfigs-metaphor0I am only a little childSolomon is saying that he is like a child who does not know as much as a father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1951KI37u3y9figs-idiom0I do not know how to go out or come inThis is an idiom that means Solomon does not know how to govern as king. Alternate translation: “I do not know how to be the king” or “I do not know the right way to do things as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1961KI39ri57figs-rquestion0For who is able to judge this great people of yours?Solomon asks a question to emphasize that he knows that no one can judge. Alternate translation: “No one is able to judge this great people of yours.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1971KI310brv30General Information:God gives Solomon wisdom and more.
1981KI311dqu3figs-metonymy0the life of your enemiesThe “life” is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate translation: “the power to kill your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1991KI312dyj40now I will do all you asked of me when you gave me your requestAlternate translation: “I will do what you asked me to do when you spoke with me”
2001KI312cik7figs-metonymy0I give you a wise and an understanding heartThe heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate translation: “I make you able to be wise and to understand many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2011KI314yg1mfigs-metaphor0walk in my ways to keepLiving ones life is spoken of as walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to live and obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2021KI314akr80lengthen your daysAlternate translation: “make you live a long time”
2031KI315te1p0beholdThe word “behold” here shows that Solomon saw something interesting.
2041KI316jd5y0General Information:Two prostitutes ask Solomon to make a decision.
2051KI318k6jw0General Information:The two prostitutes tell Solomon their story.
2061KI319qy9vfigs-explicit0lay on himIt may be helpful to state that this caused the baby to die. Alternate translation: “accidentally rolled on top of her baby and smothered him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2071KI320tc1sfigs-pronouns0your servantThe woman speaks as if she were speaking of someone else to show that she respects Solomon. Alternate translation: “I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
2081KI321v7s80General Information:Two prostitutes continue to share their story with Solomon.
2091KI321qnj70nurse my childThis means to feed her baby milk from her breast.
2101KI322vti70before the kingAlternate translation: “before Solomon” or “while Solomon could see and hear them”
2111KI323rp780General Information:Solomon makes a decision for the two women.
2121KI326uue90General Information:The real mother asks the king to spare the childs life.
2131KI326ix5rfigs-metaphor0her heart was full of compassion for her sonThis speaks of the woman having a lot of compassion as if her heart were a container and compassion were a solid object. Alternate translation: “she greatly loved her baby” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2141KI328caa5figs-hyperbole0all IsraelThis is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
2151KI4introq6h70# 1 Kings 4 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter names the important people in Solomons government and shows the extent of his kingdom.
2161KI41lyk20General Information:This is the beginning of a list of Solomons officials. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:6.
2171KI42e1litranslate-names0Azariah … ZadokThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2181KI43hc810Connecting Statement:This continues the list of Solomons officials.
2191KI43l925translate-names0Elihoreph … Ahijah … Shisha … Jehoshaphat … AhiludThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2201KI44m64n0Connecting Statement:This continues the list of Solomons officials.
2211KI44zx7vtranslate-names0Benaiah … Jehoiada … Zadok … AbiatharThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2221KI45zv8j0Connecting Statement:This continues the list of Solomons officials.
2231KI45rn96translate-names0Azariah … Nathan … ZabudThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2241KI46kk390Connecting Statement:This ends the list of Solomons officials.
2251KI46tbu8translate-names0Ahishar … Adoniram … AbdaThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2261KI46uj2qfigs-activepassive0the men who were subjected to forced laborThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon forced to work for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2271KI47er5n0General Information:This begins a list of Solomons 12 officers. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:19.
2281KI48ea4htranslate-names0Ben-HurThis is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hur” means “the son of Hur.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2291KI48l9l50in the hill country“who was the officer in charge of the hill country
2301KI48qs19translate-names0EphraimThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2311KI49s99n0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2321KI49z8g9translate-names0Ben-DekerThis is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Deker” means “the son of Deker.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2331KI49apu30in MakazAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Makaz”
2341KI49em9ktranslate-names0Makaz … Shaalbim … Beth Shemesh … Elon Beth HananThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2351KI410i7pe0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2361KI410e1f9translate-names0Ben-HesedThis is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Hesed” means “the son of Hesed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2371KI410s82y0in ArubbothAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Arubboth”
2381KI410cjq8translate-names0Arubboth … Sokoh … HepherThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2391KI411tw3i0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2401KI411jei3translate-names0Ben-AbinadabThis is the name of a man. Note that “Ben” before a name means “son of” so “Ben-Abinadab” means “the son of Abinadab.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2411KI411vlp10in all Naphoth DorAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of all Naphoth Dor”
2421KI411km7ttranslate-names0Naphoth DorThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2431KI411u2i9translate-names0TaphathThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2441KI412p1ew0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2451KI412jr42translate-names0Baana … AhiludThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2461KI412z8m80in TaanachAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Taanach”
2471KI412prm3translate-names0Taanach … Megiddo … Beth Shan … Zarethan … Jezreel … Beth Shan to Abel Meholah … JokmeamThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2481KI413q3n40Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2491KI413vg5atranslate-names0Ben-Geber … Jair … ManassehThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2501KI413utw10in Ramoth GileadAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Ramoth Gilead”
2511KI413y18htranslate-names0Ramoth Gilead … Argob … BashanThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2521KI414z6hz0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2531KI414f2yltranslate-names0Ahinadab … IddoThese are mens names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2541KI414ayp90in MahanaimAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Mahanaim”
2551KI414yh57translate-names0MahanaimThis is the name of place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2561KI415j3i60Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2571KI415v4mgtranslate-names0AhimaazThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2581KI415q5av0in NaphtaliAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Naphtali”
2591KI415f4p2translate-names0NaphtaliThis is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2601KI415db86translate-names0BasemathThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2611KI416x9e10Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2621KI416m1i4translate-names0Baana … HushaiThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2631KI416w3gc0in AsherAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Asher”
2641KI416w47ztranslate-names0AsherThis is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2651KI416r3kqtranslate-names0BealothThis is the name of a piece of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2661KI417xrq50Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2671KI417nlz7translate-names0Jehoshaphat … ParuahThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2681KI417nn2w0in IssacharAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Issachar”
2691KI417uyi4translate-names0IssacharThis is a tribal land named after a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2701KI418v4hq0Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers continues.
2711KI418v9eutranslate-names0Shimei … ElaThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2721KI418d1rc0in BenjaminAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Benjamin”
2731KI418k3r6translate-names0BenjaminThis is a tribal land named for a son of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2741KI419ydm50Connecting Statement:The list of Solomons 12 officers ends.
2751KI419pty3translate-names0Geber … Uri … Sihon … OgThese are mens names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2761KI419q97y0in the land of GileadAlternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of the land of Gilead”
2771KI419fq9ltranslate-names0Gilead … BashanThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2781KI419t2kh0the country of SihonAlternate translation: “the land that in earlier years belonged to Sihon”
2791KI419hgw5translate-names0AmoritesThis is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2801KI419uy6j0in the landHere “the land” refers to the land of Judah; the previous officials presided over different parts of Israel.
2811KI420fgc8figs-hyperbole0Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand by the seaThe speaker uses exaggeration to say that there were so many people that it would be impossible to count them all. The words “Judah” and “Israel” are metonyms for the people who lived in Judah and Israel. Alternate translation: “There were as many people in Judah and Israel as there are grains of sand by the sea” or “there were more people in Judah and Israel than a person could count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2821KI421g3440the RiverAlternate translation: “the Euphrates River”
2831KI422z3rvtranslate-bvolume0thirty corsA cor is a unit of dry measure. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
2841KI423wn38translate-unknown0deer, gazelles, roebucksfour-legged animals that run fast (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2851KI423kug70deermore than one of these animals
2861KI423bnu30fattened fowlAlternate translation: “birds that people fed so they would become fat”
2871KI424af2d0Tiphsahname of a piece of land
2881KI425q85dfigs-metonymy0Judah and IsraelThe words “Judah” and “Israel” are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2891KI425h54f0every man under his vine and under his fig tree“each family had their own garden with grapevines and fig trees,” This showed that the people lived in safety and peace, since they were not at war and had time to grow their gardens.
2901KI425f65gfigs-merism0from Dan to BeershebaThis represents the whole land of Israel from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2911KI426el930stalls of horsesA stall is a place where an animal such as a horse is kept and cared for.
2921KI427yw930who came to King Solomons tableAlternate translation: “who ate with King Solomon” or “whom King Solomon invited to eat with him”
2931KI427gs980every man in his monthSolomon had assigned 12 officers in [1 Kings 4:7](../04/07.md) to bring him food in different months.
2941KI427v6ucfigs-litotes0They let nothing be lackingThis can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “They provided everything that Solomon needed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2951KI429ej9qfigs-abstractnouns0God gave Solomon great wisdom and understandingThe abstract nouns “wisdom” and “understanding” can be translated as verbs. God giving him these things means that God enabled him to have these qualities. Alternate translation: “God enabled Solomon to be wise and to understand many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2961KI429h9j6figs-simile0wideness of understanding like the sand on the seashoreSolomon was able to understand many things about many different subjects. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wideness**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “Solomon was able to understand many things about a wide range of subjects” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2971KI430w9j40Solomons wisdom exceeded the wisdom of all the peopleAlternate translation: “Solomon was wiser than all the wise people”
2981KI430g12d0the people of the eastThis refers to people from countries east of Israel such as Arabia and Mesopotamia.
2991KI431cu1ztranslate-names0Ethan … Heman … Kalkol … Darda … Maholmens names (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3001KI433r1r3translate-unknown0cedar … hyssopThese words form a merism that includes all plants. Alternate translation: “cedar tree … hyssop bush” or “the greatest of trees … least important of bushes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
3011KI5introc6a50# 1 Kings 5 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is the beginning of the description of the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Building the temple<br>Building the temple took a lot of work and cooperation. King Hiram of Tyre provided lumber for building the temple in exchange for wheat and olive oil. Solomon also had many people cutting rocks for the walls of the temple.
3021KI51f4a80General Information:Solomon talks with King Hiram about building the Temple.
3031KI51wb370Hiram had always loved DavidAlternate translation: “Hiram had always been a close friend of King David”
3041KI53pv3bfigs-idiom0Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feetTo put an enemy under someones foot means to conquer them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was helping David to defeat his enemies” or “David was busy since Yahweh was giving him victory over his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3051KI53c84sfigs-metonymy0for the name of YahwehThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3061KI53vz730because of the wars that surrounded himAnother possible meaning is “because of the wars with which his enemies surrounded him” or “because he was fighting enemies on all sides”
3071KI53dkf4figs-metaphor0Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feetThis speaks of Yahweh giving David complete control over his enemies as putting them under his feet. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was enabling David to completely defeat his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3081KI54h6ir0has given me rest on every sideBefore Solomon became king, King David and the people of Israel had been at war, but now King Solomon and the people were at rest and in a time of peace.
3091KI54zr1nfigs-merism0There is neither adversary nor disasterneither humans who cause harm nor natural events that cause harm. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “We are safe from our enemies and from natural disasters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
3101KI54lex10adversaryenemy
3111KI54hy1q0disasterevent that causes harm to people and their property
3121KI55gll40SoThis is to emphasize the words that follow. “Listen! This is what I am going to do:” or “Because of what Yahweh has done for me, this is what I am going to do:”
3131KI55ep1hfigs-metonymy0for the name of Yahweh my God … for my nameThe word “name” is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh my God will live … where I will live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3141KI55pwq3figs-metonymy0set on your throne in your placeHere “throne” refers to ruling as king. Alternate translation: “make to be the king after you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3151KI56ae9w0there is no one among us who knows how to cut timber like the SidoniansAlternate translation: “your workers know how to cut timber better than my men”
3161KI56y7ev0Sidonianspeople of the city of Sidon
3171KI57z6fk0General Information:King Hiram answers Solomon.
3181KI57h2690the words of SolomonAlternate translation: “what Solomon said”
3191KI57rz48figs-activepassive0May Yahweh be blessed todayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I praise Yahweh today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3201KI58n2rj0cypressCypress is another kind of valuable wood that would be used for building the temple.
3211KI59i9nw0make them into raftsAlternate translation: “tie them together so they will float in groups”
3221KI59th95figs-activepassive0them broken up thereThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “my workers untie the logs from each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3231KI59bfw20You will do what I desireAlternate translation: “You can do what I want” or “You can pay me”
3241KI510ysx90firThe word “fir” refers to many kinds of trees, including cypress trees.
3251KI511ku5jtranslate-bvolume0measures of wheatThis was a dry measurement whereas the oil was a liquid measurement. It was not clear which measure was intended. The measurement in the UST is an educated guess. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
3261KI511q3nz0year by yearAlternate translation: “every year”
3271KI513tap50General Information:Solomon forces men to build the Temple.
3281KI513h6dp0conscripted labor out of all IsraelAlternate translation: “forced men from all over Israel to work”
3291KI514hun80in shiftsThat is, there were three groups that took turns spending one month in Lebanon and two months at home.
3301KI514j6rk0One month they were in Lebanon and two months at homeEach of the three groups spent one month working in Lebanon and then two months at home in Israel.
3311KI514xnv5figs-activepassive0the men who were subjected to forced laborThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon was forcing to work for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3321KI515h7kdtranslate-numbers0seventy thousand“70,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
3331KI515yex20burdensheavy things that people have to work hard to carry
3341KI515x12vtranslate-numbers0eighty thousand“80,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
3351KI515gp9u0stonecuttersmen who dig stones out of the ground and cut them to the proper shape
3361KI516f3hptranslate-numbers03,300 chief officers“three thousand three hundred chief officers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
3371KI517hk8u0quarried large stones of high qualityAlternate translation: “dug large, good stones out of the mountain and cut them to be the right shape”
3381KI518l6m8translate-unknown0Gebalitesmen from the city of Gebal (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
3391KI6introdn220# 1 Kings 6 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Building the temple<br>Solomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God.
3401KI61si1jfigs-metonymy0Solomon began to buildSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded his workers to begin building” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3411KI61z8zftranslate-ordinal0480th … fourthThese are the ordinal forms of 480 and 4. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
3421KI61u34stranslate-hebrewmonths0in the month of Ziv, which is the second month“Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
3431KI62hfy60Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3441KI62md89translate-numbers0sixty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and thirty cubits high“60 cubits long, 20 cubits wide, and 30 cubits high.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. This can be written used modern measures. Alternate translation: “27.6 meters long, 9.2 meters wide, and 13.8 meters high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3451KI63yij10Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3461KI63usb70porticoan area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the buildings entrance door. This portico was probably attached to the front part of the wall that surrounded the temple.
3471KI63yu32translate-bdistance0twenty cubits … ten cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “9.2 meters…4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3481KI64wsw30Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3491KI64vkp1figs-metonymy0he made windowsSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made windows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3501KI65va1u0Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3511KI65yit1figs-metonymy0he builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3521KI65p1zz0he built rooms around itHe built rooms on the outside of the outside wall around the main chamber.
3531KI66rh9a0Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3541KI66r5tufigs-metonymy0he madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3551KI66yy1k0The lowest story … the middle … the thirdThis refers to the rooms in each story of the building.
3561KI66w37ftranslate-bdistance0five cubits … six cubits … seven cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 2.3 meters … about 2.8 meters … about 3.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3571KI66grf80he made offsets in the wall of the houseThey made ledges all around the main building to support the beams of the small rooms.
3581KI66fp5r0beamsA beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building.
3591KI67gis90Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple.
3601KI67udq40the houseHere “house” refers to Gods house, the temple.
3611KI67ekm10stones prepared at the quarryA quarry is where people cut large stones from a mountain and shape them with tools so they are smooth. After they prepared the stones at the quarry, they brought them to the temple.
3621KI68n52z0Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple.
3631KI68rn6p0ground level … middle level … third levelThere were a total of three floors. Some languages call these “ground floor,” “first floor,” and “second floor.”
3641KI69e4k60Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple.
3651KI69eh9yfigs-metonymy0Solomon built … he coveredSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers built … they covered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3661KI69qdt50beams … of cedarA beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:6](../06/06.md).
3671KI69j6je0planks … of cedarA plank is a flat wooden board used for floors and walls.
3681KI610yh6f0Connecting Statement:The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.
3691KI610kzz6figs-metonymy0He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “They built” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3701KI610du8w0He built the side roomsThese are the same rooms that are referred to in [1 Kings 6:5](../06/05.md).
3711KI610yr6hfigs-metonymy0inner chambersThis phrase is a metonym for the walls that enclosed the chambers. Alternate translation: “exterior walls that enclosed the inner chambers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3721KI610anu7translate-bdistance0five cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3731KI610w6190timbers of cedarThe word “timbers” is a general term that refers to wood used for building, such as beams and planks.
3741KI611czi8figs-idiom0The word of Yahweh came to Solomon, saying,The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to Solomon. He said,” or “Yahweh spoke this message to Solomon:” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
3751KI612vb8rfigs-metonymy0which you are buildingSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “which you are having your workers build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3761KI612af43figs-metaphor0walk in my statutesThe word “walk” is a metaphor for “live” or “obey.” Alternate translation: “continually obey all my statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3771KI612qx380do justiceThis could mean: (1) “carry out all of my laws” or (2) “treat the people whom you are ruling justly.”
3781KI612g495figs-parallelism0keep all my commandments and walk in themThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying Gods commandments. AT “carefully obey all I tell you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
3791KI612x4rb0I will confirm my promise with you that I had made to David your fatherAlternate translation: “I will do everything I promised David your father that I would do for you”
3801KI614k3adfigs-metonymy0SolomonSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3811KI615y9kmfigs-metonymy0he built … he covered them … he covered the floorSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built … they covered them … they covered the floor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3821KI615hp230interior wallswalls between the rooms on the inside
3831KI615ik56translate-unknown0cypressCypress is a kind of wood that was used for building the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
3841KI616d6pqfigs-metonymy0He built twenty cubits … He built this roomSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build twenty cubits … He had them build this room” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3851KI616xx5s0He built twenty cubitsAlternate translation: “He built a room twenty cubits long”
3861KI616g59qtranslate-bdistance0twenty cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “9.2 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3871KI617w7cvtranslate-bdistance0forty cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “18.4 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
3881KI617ha4k0main hallAlternate translation: “main room”
3891KI618l7dp0gourdsa type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground
3901KI618u5m40open flowersAlternate translation: “blooming flowers” or “flowers that were open”
3911KI619ygb3figs-metonymy0Solomon preparedSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They prepared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3921KI620w5vkfigs-metonymy0Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3931KI620jfg20twenty cubitsAlternate translation: “9.2 meters”
3941KI620m4tm0covered the altar with cedar woodThis altar would be used for burning incense.
3951KI621yge1figs-metonymy0Solomon overlaid … he placedSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … they placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3961KI621c2iq0overlaidAlternate translation: “covered”
3971KI622x7k8figs-metonymy0He overlaid … He also overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid … They also overlaid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3981KI622l55u0altar that belonged to the inner roomAlternate translation: “altar of incense at the entrance to the inner room”
3991KI623ilt3figs-metonymy0Solomon madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4001KI623w5qr0olivewoodwood from an olive tree
4011KI623a2zgtranslate-bdistance0ten cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4021KI624zb23translate-bdistance0five cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4031KI625e8tw0wingspanthe distance from the tip of one wing to the tip of the other wing
4041KI625c1ib0same dimensionsAlternate translation: “same size”
4051KI627bcq5figs-metonymy0Solomon placedSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4061KI627rj2s0innermost roomanother name for the most holy place
4071KI628l1b6figs-metonymy0Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4081KI628k83f0overlaid“covered.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:21](../06/21.md).
4091KI629w47jfigs-metonymy0He carvedSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to carve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4101KI630w875figs-metonymy0Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He had them overlay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4111KI630d56p0overlaidcovered
4121KI631uq5rfigs-metonymy0Solomon madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4131KI631fb2k0lintelbeam across the top of a door frame
4141KI631c6zg0indented sectionstoothlike notches on each of five sections
4151KI632w1bjfigs-metonymy0he made … he made … He overlaid … he spreadSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they made … they made … They overlaid … they spread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4161KI632ix6q0overlaid“covered.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:21](../06/21.md).
4171KI633s6ub0In this way, Solomon also made for the temple entrance doorposts of olive wood having four indented sectionsAlternate translation: “In the same way, Solomon also made doorposts of olive wood for the temple entrance, with four indented sections”
4181KI633dfh2figs-metonymy0Solomon also madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they also made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4191KI633nd290indented sectionstooth-like notches
4201KI634eh1n0The two leaves of the one doorThis means each door had two sections connected by hinges so they could fold together.
4211KI635zh1rfigs-metonymy0He carved … he evenly overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They carved … they evenly overlaid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4221KI636y7ryfigs-metonymy0He built the inner courtyardSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They built the inner courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4231KI636ugf50cedar beamsA beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:6](../06/06.md).
4241KI637w9kbtranslate-ordinal0the fourth yearThe word “fourth” is the ordinal form of “four.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the fourth year after Solomon became king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4251KI637zt3n0house of YahwehAlternate translation: “the temple”
4261KI637f1ixtranslate-hebrewmonths0in the month of Ziv“Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:1](../06/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4271KI638ft8ztranslate-ordinal0the eleventh yearThe word “eleventh” is the ordinal forms of “eleven.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the eleventh year after Solomon became king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4281KI638hy2btranslate-hebrewmonths0in the month of Bul, which is the eighth month“Bul” is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
4291KI638iee20the house was finished in all its parts and conforming to all its specificationsThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “they finished building every part of the house. They built it exactly the way Solomon had told them to build it”
4301KI638rz5lfigs-metonymy0Solomon tookSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomons workers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4311KI7introkaf20# 1 Kings 7 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter has a description of the palace Solomon built and the materials used in the temple courtyard. It is the last chapter about the building of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Bronze<br>Solomon hired a man from Tyre who was good at casting things out of bronze. The bronze objects were made by hollowing out the shape of the object in clay and then pouring in the hot melted liquid bronze and letting it cool. He made two large pillars and a large water reservoir set on the backs of 12 bronze cows. He made all the instruments for use in the sacrifices outside the temple. He made the furnishing inside the temple out of gold.<br><br>### The temple and the palace<br>Solomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than the temple. It is significant that the house of Solomon was much larger than the house of God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/houseofgod]])
4321KI71in3j0General Information:The author is writing about Solomons palace.
4331KI71f5n7figs-metonymy0Solomon took thirteen years to build his own palaceSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomons workers thirteen years to build his palace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4341KI71lf860palaceIf your language does not have a word for “palace,” you may translate this as “house” or “big house.”
4351KI72rj760General Information:Some details are given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
4361KI72a64rfigs-metonymy0He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4371KI72rg2y0the Palace of the Forest of LebanonAlternate translation: “the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest”
4381KI72tl45translate-bdistance0one hundred cubits … fifty cubits … thirty cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “46 meters…23 meters…13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4391KI72zp590beamsA beam is a long piece of strong wood used to support walls and roofs.
4401KI73e2zi0Connecting Statement:Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
4411KI73vs2wfigs-activepassive0The house was roofed with cedar that rested on beamsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The carpenters built a roof from cedar planks and attached them to beams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4421KI73mmk90beamslong pieces of strong wood usually used to support a roof
4431KI74d2n40Connecting Statement:Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
4441KI75c2pl0Connecting Statement:Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.
4451KI75tmp70were made squareAlternate translation: “had rectangular frames”
4461KI76r2cs0General Information:The author writes about the structure of the Hall of Pillars.
4471KI76i5va0colonnadea series of columns, all the same distance apart
4481KI76v962translate-bdistance0fifty cubits … thirty cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “23 meters…13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4491KI76nzf90porticoan area of a building made of columns and a roof that leads to and connects with the buildings entrance door. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:3](../06/03.md)
4501KI77u94c0General Information:The author writes about the hall of the throne.
4511KI77t73gfigs-metonymy0Solomon builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon had them build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4521KI77ksi30the hall of the throneThis could mean: (1) “the house in which he was going to place his throne” or (2) “a house named The Kings Chair House”
4531KI77va4afigs-activepassive0It was covered with cedarIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers covered the floor with cedar wood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4541KI77h3cp0from floor to floorThis refers to the entire floor. Alternate translation: “from one wall to the other”
4551KI78u1kwfigs-activepassive0Solomons house in which he was to live, in another courtyard within the palace grounds, was similarly designedThis can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Solomon had someone design the house in which he was to live, in another courtyard within the palace grounds, in the same way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4561KI78vhb7figs-metonymy0He also builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He also commanded them to build” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4571KI79m77z0General Information:The writer is writing about the stones used for the buildings.
4581KI79b9dafigs-activepassive0These buildings were adorned with costly hewn stonesIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers adorned the buildings with costly, hewn stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4591KI79x9mlfigs-activepassive0hewn stones, precisely measured and cut with a saw and smoothedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “hewn stones, that workers had precisely measured and cut with a saw and smoothed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4601KI79ht4pfigs-activepassive0These stones were usedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers used these stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4611KI79a28u0from the foundation to the stones on top, and also on the outside to the great courtThe author is emphasizing that the workers used expensive stones for the foundations and all the buildings.
4621KI710cs6wfigs-activepassive0The foundation was constructedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The workers constructed the foundation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4631KI710j43itranslate-bdistance0eight and ten cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 3.7 meters and 4.6 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4641KI711rv230cedar beamsA beam is a long piece of wood used for structural support.
4651KI712gj1m0three rows of cut stone and a row of cedar beamsSee how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:36](../06/36.md).
4661KI713yv35figs-explicit0brought him from TyreHuram accepted Solomons invitation to come to Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4671KI714mx1efigs-explicit0the son of a widow … his father was a man of TyreA widow is a woman whose husband has died, so we know that the father is dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4681KI714xyc5figs-activepassive0Huram was filled with wisdom and understanding and skillIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The words “wisdom and understanding” mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Yahweh giving such things as wisdom is spoken of as if they were liquids that Yahweh had poured into a container, and Huram is spoken of as if he were that container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had given Huram wisdom, understanding, and skill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
4691KI715ps2xtranslate-bdistance0eighteen cubits … twelve cubitsA cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 8.3 meters…5.5 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4701KI715rjk80in circumferenceCircumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area.
4711KI716py25translate-bdistance0five cubitsA cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4721KI716ym3q0two capitalsdecorations on top of each of the two pillars
4731KI716fd4s0polished bronzeThey polished the bronze so that it would reflect sunlight. “gleaming bronze”
4741KI717lzk90Checker latticework and wreaths of chain workAlternate translation: “Crossed metal strips woven together and metal chains twisted together”
4751KI718rc2zfigs-metonymy0Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram commanded his workers to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4761KI718m8zp0two rows of pomegranatesA pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze.
4771KI719yg1bfigs-activepassive0The capitals … were decorated with lilies, four cubits highLilies are plants whose flowers are wide at one end and very narrow at the other end. These words can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram decorated the capitals … with bronze lilies, four cubits high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
4781KI719m7gx0the tops of the porticoTranslate “portico” as in [1 Kings 7:6](../07/06.md).
4791KI719gz27translate-bdistance0four cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4801KI720py2ztranslate-numbers0two hundred pomegranates“200 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
4811KI721xs4gfigs-metonymy0He raised upHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They raised up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4821KI721i3hgtranslate-names0The pillar on the right was named JakinIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the right side was Jakin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4831KI721x4yyfigs-activepassive0the pillar on the left was named BoazIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the left side was Boaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4841KI722f36ffigs-activepassive0The fashioning of the pillars was doneIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram fashioned the pillars” or “Hurams men fashioned the pillars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4851KI723q22nfigs-metonymy0Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
4861KI723ih6g0the round seaThis refers to a bronze tank or basin that would hold water.
4871KI723dql90cast metalHuram melted the bronze and formed it in a mold.
4881KI723i52rtranslate-bdistance0ten cubits … five cubits … thirty cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “4.6 meters…2.3 meters…13.8 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
4891KI723wlw30from brim to brimAlternate translation: “from one edge to the other”
4901KI723q5wc0in circumferenceCircumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area.
4911KI724bar80encircling the sea were gourdsA gourd is a type of hard, round vegetable that grows on a vine on the ground.
4921KI724a5xxfigs-activepassive0when that basin was castIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when Huram cast that basin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4931KI725rh410The SeaThis refers to the bronze tank or basin that held water for sacrifices.
4941KI725x7rd0stood onAlternate translation: “was on top of”
4951KI725m9v3figs-activepassive0“The Sea” was set on top of themIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Hurams workers set The Sea on top of the bronze oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4961KI725a8tl0hindquartersThis is the back quarter of the body of an animal with four feet.
4971KI726d6yrfigs-simile0its brim was forged like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossomIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram forged the brim to look like the brim of a cup, to curve outward like a lily” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4981KI726im3itranslate-bvolume0two thousand bathsA bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “2,000 baths” or “44,000 liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
4991KI727vrb9figs-metonymy0Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram also commanded them to make” or “They also made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5001KI727nie3translate-bdistance0four cubits … three cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters … about 1.4 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
5011KI728g4xy0The work of the stands was like thisThis means the author will describe the stands in the words that follow.
5021KI729vkn80on the panels and on the frames were lions, oxen, and cherubimThere were decorative pieces in the shapes of lions, oxen, and cherubim fastened to the sides of the stands.
5031KI729drg70wreaths of hammered workHere the word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze.
5041KI730c4jjfigs-explicit0four bronze wheels and axlesThere was one axle for each pair of wheels. Alternate translation: “four bronze wheels and two axles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
5051KI730r3m70its four cornersAlternate translation: “the four corners of each stand”
5061KI730wp4cfigs-activepassive0The supports were cast with wreathsEach support was cast as one piece with the wreaths. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram cast the supports with spiral-shaped pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5071KI731tnm9translate-bdistance0a cubit and a half … a cubitA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters … about 50 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
5081KI731bjx50a crown that rose upHere the word “crown” refers to the circular piece at the top of the stands opening that held the basin.
5091KI731g1120their panels were square“the panels of the stands were square.” This phrase returns to the description of the panels that began in [1 Kings 7:28](../07/28.md).
5101KI732nan40their housingsHere the word “their” refers to the axles. The word “housings” refers to the casings into which the axles were inserted.
5111KI732ia6ktranslate-bdistance0a cubit and a halfA cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 70 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
5121KI733ez4tfigs-activepassive0The wheels were forged like chariot wheelsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram made the wheels like small chariot wheels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5131KI733huz30Their housings, rims, spokes, and hubsHere the word “Their” refers to the wheels.
5141KI734u8dc0There were four handles at the four corners of each standAlternate translation: “There was a handle at each of the four corners of each stand”
5151KI735j76etranslate-bdistance0half a cubit deepA cubit was 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “twenty-three centimeters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
5161KI735i2wtfigs-activepassive0on the top of the stand its supports and panels were attachedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram attached the supports and panels to the top of each stand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5171KI736y4lnfigs-metonymy0Huram engravedHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they engraved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5181KI736nf5e0they were surroundedHere the word “they” refers to the cherubim, lions, and palm trees.
5191KI736d8lhfigs-activepassive0they were surrounded by wreathsThe word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “there were wreaths all around them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5201KI737iv9mfigs-metonymy0He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “He commanded them to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5211KI737c4b7figs-activepassive0All of them were cast in the same moldsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram cast all of the stands in the same mold” or “They cast all of the stand in the same mold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5221KI737nj2g0they had one size, and the same shapeAlternate translation: “all of the stands were the same size and shape”
5231KI738bx9cfigs-metonymy0Huram made tenHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make ten” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5241KI738w15gtranslate-bvolume0forty bathsA bath is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 88 liters” or “about 90 liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
5251KI738k7yltranslate-bdistance0four cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 1.8 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
5261KI739w6v7figs-metonymy0He made five … He setHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Human had them make five … Huram commanded them to set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5271KI739u5iv0the south-facing side … the north-facing sideAlternate translation: “the south side … the north side”
5281KI739z7tj0on the east corner, facing toward the south of the templeAlternate translation: “near the southeast corner of the temple”
5291KI740kaa7figs-metonymy0Huram made … he finishedHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Huram had them make … they finished” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5301KI741zv5qfigs-simile0the bowl-like capitalsThe capitals were shaped like bowls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
5311KI741rhp40decorative latticeworkAlternate translation: “crossed metal strips woven together”
5321KI742v1e3figs-metonymy0He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5331KI742f5hxtranslate-numbers0four hundred pomegranates“400 pomegranates.” A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:18](../07/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
5341KI744p87ufigs-metonymy0He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5351KI745d5ggfigs-metonymy0Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5361KI745l8vt0all the other implementsAlternate translation: “all the other tools”
5371KI745hw9y0polished bronzebronze that was polished so that it would reflect light
5381KI746f6xbfigs-metonymy0The king had cast themSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “The king had his workers cast them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5391KI746evu10plain of the JordanAlternate translation: “flat land near the Jordan River”
5401KI746ug1gtranslate-names0Succoth … ZarethanThese are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5411KI747yk38figs-metonymy0Solomon did not weighSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomon did not have them weigh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5421KI747u74lfigs-activepassive0the weight of the bronze could not be measuredIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one could measure the weight of the bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5431KI748f4p1figs-metonymy0Solomon had madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “Solomons workers had made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5441KI748e2d6figs-activepassive0on which the bread of the presence was to be placedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on which the priests were to place the bread of the presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5451KI749kb8t0the flowers, the lampsThe “flowers” and “lamps” were part of the lampstands.
5461KI750tev9figs-activepassive0had made the cups … all of which were made of pure goldIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “had his workers make all the cups … out of pure gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5471KI750y2nn0sockets of gold made for the doorsHere, **sockets** may refer to either: (1) the sockets in which the door pegs turned, or (2) the hinges on which the doors hung.
5481KI751x9f6figs-activepassive0the work that King Solomon directed for the house of Yahweh was finishedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the workers finished the work that King Solomon had them do for the house of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5491KI8introh96s0# 1 Kings 8 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ark is placed in the new temple. This is a very significant event in the history of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Celebration of the temples completion<br>When the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Idiom<br>Solomon prayed that God would respond to peoples prayers using an idiom: “that your eyes may be open to the request of your servant.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
5501KI81kla20assembled the elders of IsraelAlternate translation: “called together the leaders of Israel”
5511KI82vy83figs-hyperbole0All the men of IsraelThis may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 8:1 or (2) generally to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every male person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
5521KI82uam70at the feastThis is a reference to the Feast of Succoth, also known as the Feast of Tabernacles or Feast of Shelters .
5531KI82j1l1translate-hebrewmonths0in the month of Ethanim, which is the seventh month“Ethanim” is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
5541KI85wl1zfigs-hyperbole0all the assembly of IsraelThis is a generalization. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
5551KI85i2eafigs-activepassive0sheep and oxen that could not be countedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “more sheep and oxen than anyone would ever be able to count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5561KI86r7tn0into the inner room of the house, to the most holy place, underAlternate translation: “into the inner room of the house—that is, to the most holy place—under”
5571KI87f19rfigs-activepassive0poles by which it was carriedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “poles by which the priests carried it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5581KI88igt60their ends were seen … they could not be seenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people could see their ends … people could not see them”
5591KI88ia580this dayThis means the day on which the writer wrote.
5601KI810qah80It came about thatThis phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
5611KI812y9ryfigs-123person0Yahweh has said … darknessSolomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
5621KI813ukz30lofty residencebeautiful building in which someone very important lives
5631KI814n1li0all the assembly of IsraelAlternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were gathered there”
5641KI815qg1dfigs-activepassive0May Yahweh, the God of Israel, be praisedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh, the God of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5651KI815yw9ffigs-metonymy0with his own handsThe hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate translation: “by his own power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5661KI816b9uhfigs-metonymy0in order for my name to beThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “so that people would worship me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5671KI817kpv8figs-metaphor0it was in the heart of David my fatherWhat David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “David my father desired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5681KI817jsu6figs-metonymy0for the name of YahwehThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5691KI818tr7gfigs-metaphor0In that it was in your heartWhat David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “Because you desired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5701KI818ixj3figs-metonymy0for my nameThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5711KI818fu1sfigs-metaphor0for it to be in your heartWhat David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “to desire to do that” or “by wanting to do that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5721KI819n4x3figs-activepassive0one who will be born from your loinsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “one who will be your own offspring” or “one whom you yourself will father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5731KI820j7v7figs-idiom0has carried out the word that he had saidThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “has done exactly what he said he would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
5741KI820kuf2figs-metaphor0I have arisen in the place of David my fatherHeight is a metaphor for power. Alternate translation: “I have gained the power that David my father had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5751KI820j2e5figs-metonymy0I sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “I rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5761KI820n57nfigs-metonymy0for the name of YahwehThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5771KI821ts1yfigs-metonymy0is Yahwehs covenant, whichThe stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5781KI822p4j20all the assembly of IsraelAlternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were gathered there”
5791KI823zb47figs-abstractnouns0who keeps his covenant faithfulness with your servantsIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “who faithfully loves your servants” or “who is faithful to your covenant with your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
5801KI823vza1figs-metaphor0walk before you with all their heartThe way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5811KI824zl94figs-metonymy0fulfilled it with your handThe hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: “by your power fulfilled what you said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5821KI825u5vifigs-metonymy0to sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “to rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5831KI825k2lbfigs-metaphor0walk before me … have walked before meThe way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to … have lived as I want you to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
5841KI827ke8zfigs-rquestion0But will God actually live on the earth?Possible meanings of this question are: (1) Solomon is asking a real question and expecting an answer or (2) the question is rhetorical and Solomon is emphasizing that God is too big and mighty to live on earth. Alternate translation: “But it surely cannot be that God will actually live on the earth!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
5851KI827lex3figs-123person0But will GodHere Solomon speaks about God in the third person. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate translation: “But will you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
5861KI827dxu60LookAlternate translation: “What I am about to say is important” or “The truth is that”
5871KI827b6jr0you—how much less can this temple that I have builtAlternate translation: “you, so this temple that I have built certainly cannot contain you”
5881KI828nl5hfigs-doublet0respect this prayer of your servant and his requestThe words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “respect me, your servant, as I make this request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
5891KI828ucf5figs-doublet0listen to the cry and prayer that your servant prays before you todayThe words “cry” and “prayer” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he asks Yahweh to help him. Solomon refers to himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to me, your servant, as I call today for you to help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
5901KI829u4idfigs-metonymy0May your eyes be open towardThe eye is a metonym for what the eye does. Alternate translation: “May you watch over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5911KI829p7b4figs-merism0night and dayThis is a merism. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “continually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
5921KI829vwt1figs-doublet0My name and my presenceThese two words together emphasize that Yahweh will dwell in the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
5931KI829icv3figs-123person0that your servant will praySolomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “that I, your servant, will pray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
5941KI830qx3rfigs-123person0listen to the request of your servant and of your people IsraelSolomon speaks of himself as “your servant” to show that he respects Yahweh. This can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “listen to my request and the request of your people Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
5951KI831wv6jfigs-activepassive0is required to swearIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone requires him to swear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5961KI832mt2dfigs-synecdoche0upon his own headHere “head” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5971KI832ls6h0give to him according to his righteousnessAlternate translation: “to give him what he deserves because he is righteous”
5981KI833sjq6figs-activepassive0your people Israel are defeated by an enemyIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an enemy defeats your people Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
5991KI833kus80confess your nameThis could mean: (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.”
6001KI833axr3figs-abstractnouns0request forgiveness from youIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **forgiveness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “ask you to forgive them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
6011KI835ij63figs-metaphor0the skies are shut up and there is no rainThe sky is spoken of as if it were a building in which God stores the rain. Alternate translation: “you do not allow rain to fall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6021KI835gf9v0confess your nameThis could mean: (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 8:33](../08/33.md).
6031KI836uz9gfigs-metaphor0in which they should walkThe way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “that they should live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6041KI837e7f80blight or mildewThese are agricultural terms that refer to the death of crops from either too little or too much rain, respectively.
6051KI837c2vc0locusts or caterpillarsA “locust” is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word “caterpillar” refers to an early growth stage of the locust.
6061KI838li44figs-doublet0prayers and requestsThe words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the person is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “requests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6071KI838kwn9figs-metaphor0knowing the plague in his own heartThis could mean: (1) The persons sin is spoken of as if it were a plague. Alternate translation: “knowing the sin in his own heart” or (2) The “plague” is a metonym for the sins that the disasters are a punishment for. Alternate translation: “knowing in his heart that the plague is the result of his own sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6081KI843vt9qfigs-activepassive0this house I have built is called by your nameThe phrase “is called by your name” shows that God possesses and owns the house. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you own this house that I have built” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6091KI844ha7rfigs-hypo0Suppose that your people go out … suppose that they prayWhen Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
6101KI844vjp7figs-metonymy0for your nameThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6111KI845d6n5figs-doublet0their prayer and their requestThe words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “their request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6121KI846d9cqfigs-hypo0Suppose that they sin … suppose that you areWhen Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
6131KI847rbr1figs-hypo0suppose that they realize … suppose that they repent … Suppose that they sayWhen Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
6141KI847d7fufigs-activepassive0where they have been exiledIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where their enemies have taken them as exiles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6151KI847zw2u0captorspeople who keep others as prisoners
6161KI847lcn9figs-parallelism0We have acted perversely and sinned. We have behaved wickedlyThese two sentences mean the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the peoples actions were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
6171KI847gh66figs-doublet0acted perversely and sinnedThe words mean basically the same thing and emphasize how badly the people sinned. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6181KI848qbv6figs-hypo0Suppose that they return … suppose that they prayWhen Solomon was speaking, these hypothetical situations had not happened, but Solomon knew that they might happen in the future. Use the form in your language for talking about events that have not happened but might happen in the future. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
6191KI848mf4ufigs-idiom0with all their heart and with all their soulThe idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6201KI848pq6q0in the landAlternate translation: “while they are living in the land”
6211KI848tv6f0toward their land“toward the land in which they belong.” This refers to Israel.
6221KI848ha3wfigs-metonymy0for your nameThe word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6231KI849m5gjfigs-doublet0their prayer and their requestThe two words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that the people were sincere as they made their request to Yahweh. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6241KI850k51rfigs-parallelism0Forgive your people who have sinned against you, and all their transgressions that they have committed against youSolomon twice requests Yahweh to forgive the people. This emphasizes the earnestness of his request. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
6251KI851lr1afigs-activepassive0a furnace where iron is forgedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a furnace where people forge iron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6261KI852e39qfigs-synecdoche0May your eyes be openThe eye is a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “Please pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6271KI854u3p4figs-doublet0prayer and requestThe words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that he is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6281KI856js9bfigs-activepassive0May Yahweh be praisedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Praise Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6291KI856vk99figs-litotes0Not one word has failed out of all Yahwehs good promisesThis can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has made every word of his good promises come true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
6301KI857ff12figs-doublet0leave us or forsake usThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Solomons desire for Yahweh to be present with the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6311KI858pqz8figs-metonymy0incline our hearts to himHere their “hearts” refer to the peoples desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate translation: “make us want to please him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6321KI858k5k5figs-idiom0live in all his waysHere “in his ways” is an idiom that refers to the way he wants people to live. Alternate translation: “live as he requires us to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
6331KI859n37sfigs-merism0day and nightThis merism refers to “all the time” or “continually.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
6341KI861xz160let your heart be trueAlternate translation: “be wholly devoted”
6351KI861ke8lfigs-metaphor0walk in his statutesThe way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “always obey his statutes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6361KI862bs3gfigs-hyperbole0all Israel with himThis generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
6371KI863id7lfigs-hyperbole0all the people of IsraelThis generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
6381KI863v5e3translate-numbers0twenty-two thousand oxen“22,000 oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
6391KI863ttb5translate-numbers0120,000 sheep“one hundred twenty thousand sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
6401KI864yz150the bronze altar that was before Yahweh“the bronze altar that was in Yahwehs presence.” Since the temple is Yahwehs dwelling place among his people, the altar is described as being in his presence.
6411KI865k9axfigs-hyperbole0all Israel with himThis generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in [1 Kings 8:1](../08/01.md), or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:62](./62.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
6421KI865reb2translate-numbers0seven days … seven days … fourteen days“7 days…7 days…14 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
6431KI866cs8ntranslate-ordinal0eighth dayThe word “eighth” is the ordinal form of “8.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
6441KI866nja5figs-doublet0joyful and gladThe two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6451KI9introiy5f0# 1 Kings 9 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>There are two parts to this chapter. Verses 19 is a dream in which God warned Solomon that he and his descendants were not to worship idols. If they did this, the temple would be destroyed. Verses 1028 is about Solomons extensive building and his partnership with Hiram, king of Tyre. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Worship only Yahweh<br>Yahweh alone must be worshiped. It is necessary for people to stay faithful to God and not worship idols. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br>Walk” is a common image in Scripture. It is said, “if you walk before me as David your father walked.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/walk]])
6461KI93f3hffigs-doublet0your prayer and your requestThe words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh recognized that Solomons request was sincere. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 8:28](../08/28.md). Alternate translation: “your request” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6471KI93a6asfigs-metonymy0to put my name there foreverThe name is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “to dwell there and to claim possession of it forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6481KI93hnx7figs-synecdoche0My eyes and my heart will be thereThe eyes and heart are synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “I will protect and care for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6491KI94h1h9figs-metaphor0if you walk before me as David your father walkedThe way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “if you live the way I want you to live, just as David your father did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6501KI94v4jvfigs-doublet0in integrity of heart and in uprightnessThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize how righteous David was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6511KI95gx58figs-metonymy0the throne of your kingdomHere “throne” refers to his reign. Alternate translation: “your dynasty” or “your reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6521KI95yq42figs-metonymy0will never fail to be on the throne of IsraelThe action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “will always rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
6531KI96rn8vfigs-doublet0my commandments and my statutesHere the words “commandments” and “statutes” mean basically the same thing and emphasize all that Yahweh has commanded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
6541KI96h58efigs-parallelism0worship other gods and bow down to themThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
6551KI97jc4gfigs-metonymy0set apart to my nameHere the word “name” is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Alternate translation: “set apart for myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6561KI97s96hfigs-abstractnouns0I will cast it out of my sightIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sight**, you could express the same idea with the verb “see.” Looking at something is a metaphor for protecting it. Alternate translation: “I will put it where I no longer have to see it” or “I will get rid of it so I no longer have to protect it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
6571KI98r7b80This temple will become a heap of ruinsAlternate translation: “This temple will be destroyed and its remains will be piled into a high mound”
6581KI98i5gtfigs-activepassive0will be shocked and will hissIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will express amazement and make a sound of disrespect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6591KI99dng9figs-parallelism0bowed down to them and worshiped themThese two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to them” describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
6601KI910ug4u0It came aboutThis phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way of doing this, you could consider using it here.
6611KI910h3xz0at the end of twenty yearsAlternate translation: “after 20 years”
6621KI910f22qfigs-synecdoche0Solomon had finished buildingIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6631KI913vnk3figs-rquestion0What cities are these which you have given me, my brother?Hiram is rebuking Solomon. This questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These cities that you have given me are good for nothing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
6641KI913g2mbfigs-activepassive0which they are still called todayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and people still call them that today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6651KI914ppd5translate-numbers0120 talents of gold“one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
6661KI915yc640the account of the forced labor which King Solomon imposedAlternate translation: “the account of Solomon requiring men to work”
6671KI915xw7y0the MilloThis could mean: (1) “the terrace system” or (2) “the landfill.”
6681KI916g237figs-metonymy0Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone upThe person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate translation: “The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6691KI917u6mzfigs-synecdoche0So Solomon rebuilt GezerIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6701KI922j3hj0Solomon made no forced laborers of the people of IsraelAlternate translation: “Solomon did not force the people of Israel to labor”
6711KI923ql3dtranslate-numbers0550 of them“five hundred and fifty of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
6721KI924yuq90built the MilloThis could mean: (1) “built the terrace system” or (2) “built the landfill.” See how you translated “the Millo” in [1 Kings 9:15](../09/15.md).
6731KI925z3be0altar that was before YahwehSee how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 8:64](../08/64.md).
6741KI925yqb6figs-metonymy0So he completed the templeSolomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate translation: “So his workers completed the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6751KI926k7edfigs-synecdoche0King Solomon builtIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6761KI926f1yt0a fleet of shipsAlternate translation: “a large group of ships”
6771KI928sv65translate-numbers0420 talents of gold“four hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 14,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
6781KI10introabca0# 1 Kings 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>There are two parts to this chapter: The fame of Solomons wisdom and the wealth of his kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>==Queen of Sheba ==<br>King Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day Yemen) came all the way to see him and was deeply impressed. God promised him great wealth and he became famously rich. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
6791KI101ll43figs-metonymy0Solomons fame concerning the name of YahwehHere Yahweh is represented by his “name.” This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “Solomons fame, which glorified Yahweh” or (2) Alternate translation: “Solomons fame, which Yahweh had given him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6801KI102ktj1figs-hyperbole0all that was in her heartThis is a generalization. Alternate translation: “everything she wanted to know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
6811KI105cyv40the seating of his servantsThis could mean: (1) “how his servants were seated around the table” or (2) “where his servants lived.”
6821KI105fj7pfigs-idiom0there was no more breath in herThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “she was utterly amazed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
6831KI106j9u60I heard in my own landAlternate translation: “I heard while I was in my own land”
6841KI106jsh6figs-hendiadys0your words and your wisdomHere the word “wisdom” can describe the word “words.” Alternate translation: “your wise sayings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
6851KI107w8cgfigs-metonymy0my eyes have seen itThe phrase “my eyes” emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: “I have seen it for myself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6861KI107eha5figs-activepassive0Not half was told me about your wisdom and wealthThis can be stated without the passive form. Alternate translation: “They did not tell me about even half of your wisdom and wealth” or “You are much more wise and wealthy than what they told me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6871KI108p6v2figs-idiom0who constantly stand before youThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “who are always in your presence waiting to serve you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
6881KI109jp39figs-activepassive0May Yahweh your God be praisedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May people praise Yahweh your God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6891KI109vgv4figs-metonymy0who placed you on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: “who made you king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
6901KI1010nkd9translate-numbers0120 talents of gold“one hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 4,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
6911KI1010qy6hfigs-activepassive0No greater amount of spices … was ever given to him againIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one ever again gave to King Solomon more spices than the queen of Sheba gave to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6921KI1011ss8ltranslate-unknown0almug wooda type of wood, possibly one with a pleasant scent (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
6931KI1012w9a9figs-synecdoche0The king madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The king told his people to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6941KI1012k51bfigs-activepassive0or been seen againIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nor has anyone ever seen such a great quantity again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
6951KI1012l6t40to this dayThis means to the day that the author was writing this.
6961KI1013k6r5figs-parallelism0everything she wished for, whatever she askedThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
6971KI1013yw6r0of his royal bountyAlternate translation: “because as king he had so much”
6981KI1014s28z0in one year“each year.” This refers to every year of Solomons reign, and not to just one time.
6991KI1014wr4ktranslate-numbers0666 talents of gold“six hundred sixty-six.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “almost 22,000 kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
7001KI1016ur9kfigs-synecdoche0King Solomon madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “King Solomons men made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7011KI1016dc4ktranslate-numbers0two hundred large shields“200 large shields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7021KI1016qcy8translate-bweight0Six hundred shekels of goldA shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “About 6.6 kilograms of gold” or “Six and one half kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
7031KI1016eu650Six hundred shekelsBecause the word “shekels” does not appear here in the Hebrew text, some modern versions assume instead the unit of bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms.
7041KI1017zp6bfigs-synecdoche0He also madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The kings men also made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7051KI1017x89dtranslate-numbers0three hundred shields“300 shields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7061KI1017x1m1translate-bweight0Three minas of goldA mina is a unit of weight equal to about 550 grams. Alternate translation: “About 1.7 kilograms of gold” or “One and three-quarters kilograms of gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
7071KI1017ii470the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md).
7081KI1018rq21figs-synecdoche0the king madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped the king do this. Alternate translation: “the kings men made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7091KI1018bcw6translate-unknown0throne of ivoryIvory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
7101KI1021ky1i0the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in [1 Kings 7:2](../07/02.md).
7111KI1022b4zxtranslate-unknown0ivoryIvory is the hard, white substance from the tusks or teeth of large animals. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 10:18](../10/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
7121KI1022qu73translate-unknown0apes and baboonsThese animals live wild in Africa. At the ends of their four limbs are what look like human hands and feet, and they have long tails. Some people consider baboons a type of ape. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
7131KI1024d3dlfigs-hyperbole0All the earthThis is a generalization. Alternate translation: “People from everywhere” or “People from many different places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
7141KI1024a1m3figs-metonymy0sought the presence of SolomonThe presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate translation: “sought an audience with Solomon” or “wanted to visit Solomon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7151KI1024en9cfigs-metonymy0to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heartThe heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. Here, **wisdom** is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “to hear his wisdom, which God had given him” or “to hear how wise God had enabled him to be” or “to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7161KI1026d168translate-numbers01,400 chariots and twelve thousand horsemen“one thousand four hundred chariots and 12,000 horsemen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7171KI1027hi32figs-hyperbole0The king had silver in Jerusalem, as much as the stones on the groundThe narrator uses exaggeration to emphasize the great amount of silver that was in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “The king had so much silver in Jerusalem, it was like there was as much silver as there was stones on the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
7181KI1028qm3hfigs-activepassive0were imported from EgyptIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that his merchants had bought from people in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7191KI1028hmd8translate-names0KueThis is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in Asia Minor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7201KI1029a9idfigs-activepassive0Chariots were purchasedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His merchants purchased chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7211KI1029m334translate-bweight0six hundred shekels of silver…150 shekelsA shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 6.6 kilograms of silver … about 1.7 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
7221KI1029z3uutranslate-numbers0six hundred shekels of silver“600 shekels of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7231KI1029ce7htranslate-numbers0150 shekels“one hundred and fifty shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7241KI1029e5bhfigs-activepassive0Many of these were then soldIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His merchants then sold many of these” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7251KI11introabcb0# 1 Kings 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is the end of the story of Solomon. (Chapters 1-11)<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage with Gentiles<br>God had told the people of Israel in Mosess law never to marry women from the Gentile nations. But Solomon married many women from Gentile countries. This was because their religious beliefs would negatively affect Israel. Solomon, the wisest man, became a fool and his wives persuaded him to worship foolish idols. God became angry and warned he would take away 10 tribes from the kingdom of his son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
7261KI111i6y40Now King SolomonThe word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line where the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
7271KI111rz6ntranslate-names0Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and HittitesThese are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7281KI112u5n2figs-metonymy0turn your heart to their godsTo “turn someones heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate translation: “persuade you to worship the gods that they worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7291KI113pv2ytranslate-numbers0seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines“700 royal wives and 300 concubines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
7301KI113l6qffigs-explicit0turned his heart awayTo “turn someones heart” is to convince that person to change his affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: “turned his heart away from Yahweh” or “persuaded him to stop worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7311KI114d7qtfigs-metonymy0his heart was not fully surrendered … as was the heart of DavidTo “surrender” your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “he was not fully devoted … as was David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7321KI115u9iftranslate-names0Ashtoreth … MolechThese are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7331KI115pjt2translate-names0SidoniansThis is the name of a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7341KI115ucx3translate-names0he followed MolechSome version render this as “Milcom.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7351KI116irv2figs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7361KI117tm2stranslate-names0Chemosh … MolechThese are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7371KI118pkl80sacrificed to their gods at themHere the words “at them” refer to the shrines that Solomon built.
7381KI119c133figs-idiom0his heart had turned away from himThe words “his heart had turned” refer to his having changed allegiance and affection. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate translation: “Solomon had stopped worshiping Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7391KI119h8sw0he had appeared to him twiceAlternate translation: “Yahweh had appeared to Solomon twice”
7401KI1111xd9ufigs-metaphor0tear the kingdom from youTo “tear from” is to forcefully remove. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom from you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7411KI1112d4rpfigs-metonymy0the hand of your sonThe word “hand” refers to control, authority and power. Alternate translation: “your sons control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7421KI1114gu9wtranslate-names0HadadThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7431KI1115y3by0General Information:This begins three verses of background material that happened long before.
7441KI1116i88s0Connecting Statement:This continues background material that happened long before.
7451KI1116gn6ifigs-synecdoche0Joab and all IsraelThe words “all Israel” refer to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Joab and all of the Israelite army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7461KI1117k3g70Connecting Statement:This concludes background material that happened long before.
7471KI1117dd34figs-activepassive0But Hadad was taken with other Edomites by his fathers servantsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “But the servants of Hadads father took him with other Edomites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7481KI1118vp1v0They left MidianHere the word “They” refers to Hadad and the other Edomites mentioned in [1 Kings 11:17](../11/17.md).
7491KI1118g3dytranslate-names0Midian … Paran … EgyptThese are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7501KI1119vy6vtranslate-names0TahpenesThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7511KI1120cu24translate-names0TahpenesThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7521KI1120kna5translate-names0Hadad … GenubathThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7531KI1121ub66figs-euphemism0David had lain down with his ancestorsThis is a polite way of saying David was dead. Alternate translation: “David had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
7541KI1123gw5vtranslate-names0Rezon … Eliada … HadadezerThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7551KI1123nuu8translate-names0ZobahThis is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7561KI1124g294translate-names0Zobah … DamascusThese are names of locations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7571KI1124xw9zfigs-synecdoche0when David defeatedHere “David” refers to David and his army. Alternate translation: “when Davids army overcame” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7581KI1125c11utranslate-names0AramThis is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7591KI1125uqb40all the days of SolomonAlternate translation: “during the time that Solomon was alive” or “all the days of Solomons life”
7601KI1125q4nx0Rezon abhorred IsraelAlternate translation: “Rezon hated Israel very much”
7611KI1126my6stranslate-names0Jeroboam … NebatThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7621KI1126p4a7translate-names0ZeredahThis is the name of a location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7631KI1126dp3dtranslate-names0ZeruahThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7641KI1126t72jfigs-metonymy0lifted up his hand against the kingThe word “hand” refers to authority, power and control. The phrase “lifted up against” refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate translation: “rebelled against the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7651KI1127zc8g0Solomon had built up the place located at MilloTranslate “Millo” as in [1 Kings 9:15](../09/15.md).
7661KI1128y6ga0a mighty man of valorThis could mean: (1) “a great warrior” or (2) “a very capable man” or (3) “a wealthy and influential man.”
7671KI1128kz580he gave him commandAlternate translation: “he made him commander”
7681KI1128xb54figs-metonymy0all the laborThe word “labor” refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for his government. This is a metonym. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7691KI1128hea7figs-metonymy0the house of JosephThis refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7701KI1129ijr8translate-names0AhijahThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7711KI1129e5f2translate-names0ShiloniteThe Shilonites are a people group. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7721KI1131b9tk0He saidHere the word “He” refers to Ahijah.
7731KI1131zw4efigs-metaphor0tear the kingdom outHere “tear … out” is a metaphor that refers to the action of forcefully removing. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:11](../11/11.md). Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7741KI1131ei9mfigs-metonymy0the hand of SolomonHere “hand” is a metonym that refers to a persons authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “Solomons control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7751KI1132m8jsfigs-metonymy0Solomon will haveThe name “Solomon” here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate translation: “Solomons sons will have” or “Solomons descendants will have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7761KI1133f1ietranslate-names0Ashtoreth … Chemosh … MolechThese are the names of false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7771KI1133wij3translate-names0Sidonians … Moab … AmmonThese are the names of locations and the people groups that live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7781KI1133ebs4figs-metonymy0what is right in my eyes“Eyes” here is a metonym for someones opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate translation: “what I consider to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7791KI1134i3w30I will not takeHere the word “I” refers to Yahweh.
7801KI1134e7rwfigs-metonymy0out of Solomons handHere the word “hand” is a metonym that refers to a persons authority, control and power. Alternate translation: “out of Solomons control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7811KI1135u6ey0I will give it to youHere the word “you” refers to Jeroboam.
7821KI1136nvf4figs-metonymy0may always have a lamp before meThe word “lamp” is a metonym that refers to a persons influence and guidance. Alternate translation: “will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with Davids family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
7831KI1137zb1t0I will take youHere the word “I” refers to Yahweh and the word “you” refers to Jeroboam.
7841KI1138z9vjfigs-metonymy0what is right in my eyesThe word “eyes” here is a metonym for someones opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:33](../11/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7851KI1138zk8xfigs-metaphor0build you a sure houseThe clause “build a house” is a metaphor for establishing descendants from that time on. Alternate translation: “establish for you a lasting kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7861KI1140m9v1translate-names0ShishakThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7871KI1141cf3zfigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of Solomon?This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “you can find them in the book of the events of Solomon.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
7881KI1141yk5p0the book of the events of SolomonThis book no longer exists.
7891KI1143wer1figs-metaphor0He slept with his ancestors and he was buriedThe clause “slept with his ancestors” is a metaphor that expresses as a euphemism the death of a person in more gentle words. Alternate translation: “He died and he was buried with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
7901KI1143ttg1figs-activepassive0he was buriedThis can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
7911KI12introabcc0# 1 Kings 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Civil war<br>This chapter explains how the united kingdom of Israel was split into the two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. This is sometimes called a “civil war.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel splits<br>Gods warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/appoint]])<br><br>### Jeroboam introduces calf worship<br>Jeroboam made a terrible mistake. He was afraid that if the people continued to go to Jerusalem to worship in the temple, they would want to return to Rehoboam as their king. So he made two shrines with calves made of gold for the people to worship. This eventually caused the destruction of his whole family. The kingdom of Israel continued worshiping the idols until they were taken slaves by the Assyrians. The northern tribes were unable to truly worship Yahweh without going to Jerusalem in the kingdom of Judah.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br>The people used the metaphor of “yoke” for oppressive government: “Your father made our yoke difficult. Now then, make your fathers hard work easier, and lighten the heavy yoke that he put on us.” But Rehoboam promised to increase their oppression with three metaphors: “My little finger is thicker than my fathers waist. So now, although my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke. My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
7921KI121rer8figs-synecdoche0all Israel was comingHere “Israel” represents all the men of Israel capable of fighting. Here “all Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel were coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
7931KI122kgj50It happened thatThis phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
7941KI122s9f6translate-names0Jeroboam … NebatThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7951KI123hs1v0called himHere the word “him” refers to Jeroboam.
7961KI124nt4bfigs-metaphor0made our yoke heavyA heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. Alternate translation: “treated us cruelly” or “forced us to work very hard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7971KI126b1cufigs-idiom0the old men who had stood before SolomonTo “stand before” is an idiom for serving the king in his presence. Alternate translation: “the old men who counseled Solomon” or “the old men who attended to Solomon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
7981KI129w13afigs-metaphor0Lighten the yoke that your father put on usTo “lighten the yoke” is a metaphor to represent lifting of the burden. Alternate translation: “Do not treat us as cruelly as your father did” or “Do not force us to work as hard as your father did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
7991KI1210f3lxfigs-metaphor0My little finger is thicker than my fathers waistThis metaphor means that Rehoboam is more cruel and intimidating than his father. Alternate translation: “What I will do to make your burden heavier is much more than what my father put on you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8001KI1211p1d4figs-metaphor0My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpionsThis metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8011KI1211y1yh0punish you with scorpionsThe word **scorpions** may refer to: (1) a whip with sharp metal barbs on the end or (2) a spider-like creature that has a poisonous sting.
8021KI1214akf3figs-metaphor0burdened you with a heavy yokeA heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 12:4](../12/04.md). Alternate translation: “treated you cruelly” or “forced you to work very hard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8031KI1214m7vyfigs-metaphor0My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpionsThis metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 12:11](../12/11.md). Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
8041KI1215tz7ufigs-idiom0it was a turn of events brought about by YahwehThis is an idiom and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused things to happen like this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8051KI1215k3cffigs-idiom0his word that he had spoken by Ahijah … to JeroboamThe idiom “had spoken by” someone refers to giving someone a message to tell others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8061KI1215cf34translate-names0Ahijah … Jeroboam … NebatThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8071KI1215e3zetranslate-names0ShiloniteThis is the name of a people group from the town of Shiloh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8081KI1216xhj1figs-synecdoche0all IsraelHere “Israel” represents all he men of Israel capable of fighting. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the men of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the men of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
8091KI1216k5yxfigs-rquestion0What share do we have in David?“Share” here is a metonym meaning a part, involvement, or interest. This question can be translated as a simple statement. Alternate translation: “We will have no part in the family of David.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8101KI1216b5flfigs-metonymy0We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse“Son of Jesse” here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. “Inheritance” is a metonym for the part left for these people from Davids successes. Alternate translation: “We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8111KI1216u1a1figs-metonymy0Go to your tents, Israel“Tents” here is a metonym representing a persons place of residence. Alternate translation: “Go to your homes, people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8121KI1216l1mnfigs-metonymy0Now see to your own house, David“House” here is a metonym for Davids lineage of power and prestige. Alternate translation: “Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8131KI1218qw63translate-names0AdoniramThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8141KI1218nf44figs-metonymy0all IsraelHere “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. “All Israel” is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
8151KI1219e9fgfigs-metonymy0the house of DavidHere “house” is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8161KI1219wki70to this day“ever since that time.” This refers to the time that the writer was actually writing this.
8171KI1220ek8h0It happened thatThis phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
8181KI1220xsq2figs-synecdoche0when all Israel heard“All Israel” here is a generalization that means the capable men of Israel who represent the rest of the people by a synecdoche. Alternate translation: “when all the leaders of Israel heard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
8191KI1220q57ffigs-explicit0king over all Israel“Israel” implicitly means the northern ten tribes that rebelled against Rehoboam. Alternate translation: “king over all of the 10 tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8201KI1220e94p0the family of DavidAlternate translation: “Davids descendants”
8211KI1221bcr4figs-metonymy0all the house of Judah and the tribe of BenjaminHere “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here “tribe” refers specifically to the soldiers from those tribes. Alternate translation: “all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8221KI1221sx4rtranslate-numbers0180,000 chosen men“one hundred eighty thousand chosen men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
8231KI1221va9yfigs-metonymy0the house of IsraelHere “house” represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Israel” or “the people of the northern tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8241KI1222lz9dfigs-idiom0the word of God came … it saidThis is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. Alternate translation: “God spoke this message … and he said” or “God spoke these words … and he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8251KI1222bf83translate-names0ShemaiahThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
8261KI1222t1dq0the man of GodThe expression “man of God” is a respectful way of referring to a prophet of Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the man who belongs to God” or “the prophet of God”
8271KI1223v1cqfigs-metonymy0all the house of Judah and BenjaminHere “house” is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate translation: “all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8281KI1224s1c7figs-doublet0your brothers the people of IsraelThe words “brothers” and “people of Israel” are a doublet that refer to the men of the ten northern tribes and emphasize the family relationship between them and the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
8291KI1224kwz5figs-activepassive0for this thing has been made to happen by meIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have made this thing happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8301KI1226ul7wfigs-metonymy0thought in his heart“Heart” here is a metonym for a persons inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate translation: “thought to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8311KI1226ek8xfigs-metonymy0the house of DavidHere “house” is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8321KI1227t95u0If these people go upThe words “these people” refer to the people of the northern ten tribes of Israel.
8331KI1227jw8jfigs-metonymy0the heart of these people“Heart” here is a metonym for the peoples allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “the allegiance of these people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8341KI1227vzl3figs-parallelism0turn again to their master, to Rehoboam king of Judah … return to Rehoboam king of JudahThese phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize Jeroboams fear that the people would turn again to Rehoboam as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
8351KI1228aag1figs-metonymy0brought you up“You” here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate translation: “brought your ancestors up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8361KI1231mi56figs-metonymy0Jeroboam made houses on high placesThe workers who did this at Jeroboams commands are represented by the metonym of the name of Jeroboam himself. Alternate translation: “Jeroboams workers made houses on high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
8371KI1231d1nxfigs-explicit0houses on high placesThe implied information is that these were houses of worship. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8381KI1231q1ht0made priestsAlternate translation: “appointed men to be priests”
8391KI1232t9dttranslate-hebrewmonths0in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the monthThis is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of November on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on the fifteenth day of the eighth month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
8401KI1232f8e9figs-idiom0went up to the altar“Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8411KI1233t8tbfigs-idiom0went up to the altar“Went up” here is an idiom for going to a sacred place to worship since these altars were located on high places. Alternate translation: “offered sacrifices on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8421KI1233uh1v0in the month he had planned in his own mindAlternate translation: “in the month that he had determined”
8431KI13introabcd0# 1 Kings 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter has two parts: The young prophets warning to Jeroboam (1-10) and the old prophets deception (11-34). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Obeying God<br>People should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them is Gods will for them. The story of the young prophet and the old prophet is an example of this. (See:[[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/willofgod]])
8441KI131xe5mfigs-explicit0A man of God came out of Judah by the word of Yahweh to BethelThe implied information is that Yahweh sent the man of God to Bethel. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent a man of God from Judah to Bethel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8451KI131gc3y0A man of GodThis is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: “A prophet”
8461KI131zw3a0came out of JudahAlternate translation: “came from Judah”
8471KI131y8880the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
8481KI132w4310He cried against the altarHere “He” refers to the man of God.
8491KI132j9hbfigs-idiom0cried against the altarThis means he prophesied toward the altar in a loud and condemning voice. Alternate translation: “prophesied loudly toward the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8501KI132b5kxfigs-apostrophe0Altar, altarThe prophet spoke to the altar as if it were a person who could hear him. He said this twice for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
8511KI132xz9xfigs-metonymy0a son named Josiah will be born to the family of DavidHere the “family of David” refers to the descendants of David. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David will have a son named Josiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8521KI132rc7m0they will burnHere “they” refers to Josiah and the people with him.
8531KI133z5tyfigs-activepassive0the altar will be split apart, and the ashes on it will be poured outIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will split the altar apart and the ashes on it will fall to the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8541KI134vle1figs-activepassive0the hand with which he had reached out against the man dried upIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh dried up the hand with which he had reached out against the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8551KI134zft30dried upAlternate translation: “withered” or “became paralyzed”
8561KI135pg6ifigs-activepassive0The altar was also split apartIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh also split the altar apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8571KI135r5aafigs-activepassive0as described by the sign that the man of God had given by the word of YahwehIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the man of God had described by the word of Yahweh as a sign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8581KI135u4ww0the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
8591KI136y2gafigs-abstractnouns0Plead for the favor of Yahweh your GodIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **favor**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Plead that Yahweh your God may favor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
8601KI136mlb5figs-activepassive0my hand may be restored to me againIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may restore my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8611KI136whk6figs-activepassive0the kings hand was restored to him again, and it became as it was beforeIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh restored the kings hand and made it as it was before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8621KI137hp7cfigs-rpronouns0Come home with me and refresh yourselfThe word “yourself” is a reflexive pronoun. Alternate translation: “Come home with me and eat some food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
8631KI138m4ns0half your possessionsAlternate translation: “half of your house”
8641KI139cz7l0You will eat no bread nor drink water, nor return by the way that you cameAlternate translation: “Do not eat bread, drink water, or return by the way that you came”
8651KI1310zph80left another wayAlternate translation: “went a different way”
8661KI1312ujg1figs-explicit0his sons had seen the wayThe implied information is that the sons also told their father which way the man of God went. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8671KI1313heb10SaddleThis means to place a seat on the back of an animal so a person can ride on it.
8681KI1314ijy30The old prophetThis refers to the prophet who lived in Bethel.
8691KI1314iz7y0he said to himAlternate translation: “the old prophet said to the man of God”
8701KI1314z6cq0He answeredAlternate translation: “The man of God answered”
8711KI1316r6gl0go in with youAlternate translation: “go into your house”
8721KI1316tlu70in this placeAlternate translation: “in Bethel”
8731KI1317lc3ffigs-activepassive0it was commanded to me by the word of YahwehIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded me by his word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8741KI1317h2f50the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
8751KI1318z9es0an angel spoke to me by the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “an angel delivered to me a message from Yahweh”
8761KI1318nn2d0by the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
8771KI1320jm5rfigs-explicit0As they sat at the tableThe implied information is that they were still eating and drinking at the table. Alternate translation: “As they were eating and drinking at the table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8781KI1320gh86figs-idiom0the word of Yahweh came to the prophetThe idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to the prophet” or “Yahweh spoke this message to the prophet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8791KI1320smt30brought him backHere the word “him” refers to the man of God.
8801KI1321t7yrfigs-idiom0came from Judah, saying, “YahwehThe idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” in the previous verse is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “came from Judah. He said, Yahweh” or “came from Judah: Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
8811KI1321ka7n0he cried to the man of GodAlternate translation: “the prophet spoke loudly to the man of God”
8821KI1321c5k80Because you have been disobedient to the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “Because you have not obeyed the word of Yahweh”
8831KI1323yg230the prophet saddled the donkeyThis means he placed a seat on the back of the donkey so the man of God could ride on it. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 13:13](../13/13.md).
8841KI1324cs7dfigs-activepassive0his body was left on the roadIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “left his body on the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8851KI1324b5wa0his bodyAlternate translation: “his dead body”
8861KI1325sim20they came and told itHere “it” refers to what they had seen on the road. Alternate translation: “they came and told about what they had seen”
8871KI1328im6s0the bodyAlternate translation: “the dead body of the man of God”
8881KI1328s3e90left in the roadAlternate translation: “lying in the road”
8891KI1329f12j0took upAlternate translation: “lifted up”
8901KI1329v8rd0the bodyAlternate translation: “the dead body”
8911KI1330m79y0they mournedHere the word “they” refers to the prophet and his sons.
8921KI1330s4c80Woe, my brother!The word “Woe” here is an expression of great sorrow.
8931KI1331mwf50he had buried himHere the word “he” refers to the old prophet and the word “him” refers to the man of God.
8941KI1331h3msfigs-synecdoche0Lay my bones beside his bonesHere “my bones” represents his entire body. Alternate translation: “Lay my dead body beside his bones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
8951KI1332cl38figs-explicit0houses on the high placesThe implied information is that these were houses of worship. Alternate translation: “houses of worship on the high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
8961KI1334u6v6figs-activepassive0This matter became sin to the family of JeroboamIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Jeroboams family sinned by doing this thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8971KI1334u16a0This matterThis phrase refers to Jeroboams setting up shrines and appointing priests.
8981KI1334ab53figs-activepassive0caused his family to be destroyed and to be exterminatedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because of this God destroyed and exterminated Jeroboams family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
8991KI1334p7vmfigs-doublet0to be destroyed and to be exterminatedThese mean nearly the same thing. Alternate translation: “to be completely destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
9001KI14introabce0# 1 Kings 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboams son (1-18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20-31).<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The death of Jeroboams son<br>God knows the truth; it is useless to try to fool Gods prophet. Jeroboams son became sick; so the king sent his wife, disguised as a common woman, to the prophet. The prophet was blind, but when Jeroboams wife arrived he told her, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam.” He also told her that her son would die and that all of Jeroboams family would be killed, because he had caused Israel to worship the golden calves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Rehoboams reign<br>When Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began to worship the fertility goddess, Ashtoreth, and to do many evil things, they had to give all of their wealth to the king of Egypt to persuade him not to attack Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
9011KI142qek90disguise yourselfAlternate translation: “change how you appear to others”
9021KI142dqs3figs-activepassive0you will not be recognizedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will recognize you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9031KI145gqa20Look, the wife of JeroboamHere the word “Look” means “pay attention.”
9041KI145j3d5figs-abstractnouns0coming to seek advice from youIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **advice**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “coming to ask you to advise her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9051KI145yfs2figs-idiom0Say such and such to herThe words “such and such” mean that Yahweh told Ahijah what to say. Alternate translation: “Speak in this way to her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9061KI146ua5qfigs-rquestion0Why do you pretend to be someone you are not?This question shows that Ahijah knew she was disguised. Alternate translation: “Stop pretending to be someone else; I know who you are.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
9071KI146d37afigs-activepassive0I have been sent to you with bad newsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told me to give you bad news” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9081KI147yfv30I raised youAlternate translation: “I exalted you”
9091KI148dpr3figs-metaphor0I tore the kingdom awayGod forcefully removed most of the kingdom like a person tears a piece of cloth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9101KI148bf170followed meAlternate translation: “obeyed me”
9111KI148gar7figs-metonymy0with all his heartHere the “heart” refers to a persons will and desire. Alternate translation: “with all his will” or “with complete commitment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9121KI148q6zifigs-metaphor0what was right in my eyesThe eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what I judged to be right” or “what I considered to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9131KI149u58xfigs-metaphor0thrust me behind your backJeroboam has disrespected Yahweh like a person throws away something that is not wanted. Alternate translation: “completely rejected me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9141KI1410jtx80look“pay attention.” This word is added to indicate that what follows is important.
9151KI1410fi6efigs-parallelism0I will cut off … and will completely removeThese two phrases are very similar in meaning and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
9161KI1410yn7wfigs-metaphor0cut off from you every male child in IsraelYahweh speaks of destroying Jeroboams family and preventing him from having any descendants as if he were cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9171KI1410zd2efigs-simile0will completely remove your family, like someone who burns up dung until it is goneThis simile compares the removal of every descendant of Jeroboam with the complete burning up of dung that was mixed with straw, dried, and burned for fuel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
9181KI1411e4g6figs-activepassive0Anyone who belongs to your family who dies in the city will be eaten by dogsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat anyone who belongs to your family and who dies in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9191KI1411vp8mfigs-activepassive0anyone who dies in the field will be eaten by the birds of the heavensIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the birds of the heavens will eat anyone who dies in the field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9201KI1412nm7yfigs-synecdoche0when your feet enter the cityThe word “feet” here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “when you enter the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9211KI1413pc5pfigs-hyperbole0All IsraelThis is a generalization that means the people of the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
9221KI1413und50go into a graveAlternate translation: “be buried in a grave”
9231KI1413y175figs-metonymy0out of Jeroboams houseThe word “house” here is a metonym for “family.” Alternate translation: “in all of Jeroboams family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9241KI1413g2nafigs-metaphor0was anything good found in the sight of Yahweh, the God of IsraelThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment or evaluation. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “did Yahweh, the God of Israel, find anything he judged to be good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9251KI1414j5k3figs-metaphor0cut off the family of JeroboamThe writer speaks of the new king of Israel destroying Jeroboams family and preventing him from having any descendants like one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy the descendants of Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9261KI1415li45figs-simile0Yahweh will attack Israel as a reed is shaken in the waterThe writer here uses a simile to express how Yahweh will bring judgment on the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will attack the people of Israel as a reed is shaken in the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
9271KI1415ul1sfigs-activepassive0as a reed is shaken in the waterIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like a river of water shakes a reed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9281KI1415fha5figs-metaphor0he will root up Israel out of this good landYahweh compares Israel with a plant that he will tear out of the ground by its roots. Alternate translation: “he will remove the people of Israel from this good land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9291KI1415h5920scatter themAlternate translation: “disperse them”
9301KI1417w3yytranslate-names0TirzahThis is the name of the city where king Jeroboam lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
9311KI1418tt3kfigs-hyperbole0All Israel buried him and mourned for himThis is a generalization that means the people of Israel buried him and mourned for him. Alternate translation: “A great number of the people of Israel were present when people buried him, and the people of Israel mourned for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
9321KI1418h95xfigs-activepassive0just as it was told to them by the word of YahwehIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9331KI1418be920by the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “by the message of Yahweh” or “in Yahwehs message”
9341KI1419yrn50seeAlternate translation: “look” or “see for yourself”
9351KI1419z8ibfigs-activepassive0they are written inIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you can find them written in” or “someone has written about them in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9361KI1419bn670the book of the events of the kings of IsraelThis refers to a book that no longer exists.
9371KI1420srn1translate-numbers0twenty-two years“22 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9381KI1420wjl3figs-metaphor0slept with his ancestorsJeroboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
9391KI1421q3tptranslate-numbers0forty-one years old … seventeen years“41 years old…17 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9401KI1421j1gbfigs-metonymy0in which to put his nameHere “put his name” is a metonym for “dwell” and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate translation: “in which to dwell” or “in which to be worshiped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9411KI1421f2e30His mothers nameHere the word “His” refers to Rehoboam.
9421KI1421g2ictranslate-names0NaamahThis is a womans name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
9431KI1422gl83figs-metonymy0Judah didHere “Judah” represents the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9441KI1422x9gxfigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe “sight” of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9451KI1422v839figs-abstractnouns0they provoked him to jealousyIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **jealousy**, you could express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “they made him jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
9461KI1422ms6i0their fathersAlternate translation: “their ancestors”
9471KI1423p8sk0For they also builtThe word “they” here refers to the people of Judah.
9481KI1423chb2figs-metonymy0built for themselvesThe words “for themselves” are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate translation: “built for their own use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
9491KI1423m593figs-hyperbole0on every high hill and under every green treeThis is likely to be an exaggeration that indicates there were many places like these for false worship all over the country. Alternate translation: “on the high hills and under the green trees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
9501KI1424k9ye0cultic prostitutes“religious prostitutes” or “male prostitutes.” This probably refers to male prostitutes who were associated with idol worship.
9511KI1424sd6gfigs-metonymy0the same despicable practices as the nations thatHere the word “nations” represents the people in those nations. Alternate translation: “the same disgusting things that the people did, whom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9521KI1425bd5wfigs-explicit0in the fifth year of King RehoboamThis refers to the fifth year of Rehoboams reign as king. Alternate translation: “in the fifth year that Rehoboam was king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9531KI1425r9ettranslate-ordinal0in the fifth year“in year 5” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
9541KI1425ims7figs-synecdoche0Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem“Shishak king of Egypt” represents himself along with the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “Shishak king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9551KI1425gj7wtranslate-names0ShishakThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:40](../11/40.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
9561KI1425ly55figs-idiom0came up againstThis is an idiom that means marched against or attacked. Alternate translation: “came to attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
9571KI1426e4q1figs-hyperbole0He took everything awayThis is a generalization that indicates every valuable thing that could be found was taken away. Alternate translation: “He took away many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
9581KI1426ft41figs-synecdoche0He tookThe word “He” represents Shishak and the soldiers who were with him. Alternate translation: “Shishak and his army took” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9591KI1426h6p9figs-metonymy0that Solomon had madeHere “Solomon” refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate translation: “that Solomon had his workers make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9601KI1427q3gefigs-metonymy0King Rehoboam made shieldsHere “King Rehoboam” represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate translation: “King Rehoboams workers made shields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9611KI1427hr790in their placeAlternate translation: “in place of the shields of gold”
9621KI1427xtu7figs-metonymy0entrusted them into the hands of the commandersHere “hands” represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: “made them the responsibility of the commanders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9631KI1427wwb3figs-metonymy0who guarded the doors to the kings houseHere “doors” represents the entrance. Alternate translation: “who guarded the entrance to the kings house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
9641KI1428xyg70the guards would carry themAlternate translation: “the guards would carry the shields of bronze”
9651KI1429p36wfigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read about them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
9661KI1429fs5w0the book of the events of the kings of JudahThis refers to a book that no longer exists.
9671KI1430t5f20There was constant warfareAlternate translation: “There was continuing war” or “There were constant battles”
9681KI1430cq7zfigs-synecdoche0warfare between Rehoboam and JeroboamThe names of the kings represent themselves and their armies. Alternate translation: “the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam fought in battle again and again” or “Rehoboam and his people and Jeroboam and his people engaged in battle continually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9691KI1431jkz7figs-metaphor0slept with his ancestorsRehoboam dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
9701KI1431njq1figs-activepassive0was buried with themIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9711KI1431pki8translate-names0NaamahThis is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:21](../14/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
9721KI1431t2h30Abijah his sonAlternate translation: “Abijah the son of Rehoboam”
9731KI1431xgz7figs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Rehoboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9741KI15introabcf0# 1 Kings 15 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>Judah had some bad kings and some good kings. All of the kings in Israel continued to worship the golden calves, so they were all considered to be bad. Judah and Israel continually fought each other.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “But the shrines were not taken away.”<br>At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiahs reign, it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
9751KI151ms3bfigs-explicit0In the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam son of NebatThis refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboams reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost eighteen years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9761KI151njh8translate-numbers0In the eighteenth year“In year 18” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9771KI153hlc3figs-metaphor0He walked in all the sinsWalking represents living, and walking in sins represents committing those sins. Alternate translation: “Abijah continued to practice all the sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9781KI153cm11figs-explicit0that his father had committed before his timeSince these verses refer to several kings, it may help to include the name of Abijahs father. This information can be made clear. AT “that his father, Rehoboam, had committed before Abijahs time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9791KI153v4psfigs-explicit0his timeThis phrase represents the time that he was king. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “before Abijah was king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9801KI153p8rmfigs-synecdoche0his heart was not devoted … as the heart of DavidThe heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “Abijah was not devoted … as David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9811KI154qbs7figs-metaphor0gave him a lamp in JerusalemThe word “lamp” here represents a descendant who would be king as David was. Alternate translation: “gave David a descendant to rule in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9821KI154t1tl0by raising up his son after himAlternate translation: “by raising up Abijahs son after him” or “by giving Abijah a son”
9831KI155al5ufigs-metaphor0what was right in his eyesThe eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9841KI155k5rn0for all the days of his lifeAlternate translation: “the whole time that David lived” or “throughout Davids whole life”
9851KI155z4w5figs-metaphor0he had not turned away from anything that he commanded himTurning away from a command represents disobeying it. Alternate translation: “David did not disobey anything that God commanded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9861KI155w6djfigs-explicit0except only in the matter of Uriah the HittiteThis is a general way to refer to the situation with Uriah. It can be stated more clearly what this matter was. Alternate translation: “except for what he did to Uriah the Hittite” or “except when he caused Uriah the Hittite to be killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9871KI156n25zfigs-synecdoche0between Rehoboam and JeroboamThese kings represent themselves and their armies. Rehoboam was Abijahs father. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Rehoboam and Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9881KI156c8zy0all the days of Abijahs lifeAlternate translation: “the whole time that Abijah lived”
9891KI157sm1jfigs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
9901KI157s4gifigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?This can stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
9911KI157yd6zfigs-synecdoche0between Abijah and JeroboamThe names “Abijah” and “Jeroboam” represent the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Abijah and Jeroboam” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9921KI158p4ezfigs-metaphor0Abijah slept with his ancestorsIn this euphemism, sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Abijah died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Abaijah died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
9931KI158mnv2figs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Abijah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9941KI159s2q2figs-explicit0In the twentieth year of Jeroboam king of IsraelThis refers to the twentieth year of Jeroboams reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost twenty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
9951KI159ijk4translate-numbers0In the twentieth year“In year 20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9961KI1510u261translate-numbers0forty-one years“41 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
9971KI1511yb2afigs-metaphor0what was right in the eyes of YahwehThe eyes here represent seeing, and seeing represents judgment. Yahweh saw and approved of Asas actions. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh judges to be right” or “what Yahweh considers to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9981KI1512vv3y0the cultic prostitutesThis probably refers to prostitutes who were associated with idol worship and who were all men. Alternate translation: “religious prostitutes” or “the prostitutes who worked for idols” or “male prostitutes”
9991KI1513mg96figs-metonymy0Asa cut down the disgusting figureSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate translation: “Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down” or “Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
10001KI1514r4zrfigs-activepassive0But the high places were not taken awayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But Asa did not command the people to take away the high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10011KI1514s4gjfigs-synecdoche0Asas heart was completely devotedThe heart represents the person. Alternate translation: “Asa was completely devoted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
10021KI1514t6x30all his daysAlternate translation: “the whole time that he lived” or “throughout his whole life”
10031KI1516tn4rfigs-explicit0all their daysThis refers to the entire time they reigned as kings. Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10041KI1517n79t0acted aggressively against JudahAlternate translation: “attacked Judah”
10051KI1517sg29figs-explicit0built up RamahIt is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “captured and fortified Ramah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10061KI1518b51efigs-metonymy0He put it into the hands of his servantsPutting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He entrusted it to his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10071KI1518mgp9figs-metonymy0He saidThis means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad” or “Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10081KI1519k8cifigs-metaphor0Let there be a covenant between me and youA covenant being between two people represents those two people having a covenant with each other. Alternate translation: “Let us have a covenant with each other” or “Let us make a peace treaty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10091KI1519jvl50Look, IAlternate translation: “As proof that I want a treaty with you, I”
10101KI1519rwr8figs-metaphor0Break your covenant with Baasha king of IsraelBreaking a covenant represents canceling it and not doing what one has promised to do. Alternate translation: “Cancel your covenant with Baasha king of Israel” or “Do not be loyal to Baasha king of Israel as you promised in your covenant with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10111KI1519j9mjfigs-explicit0Break your covenant with Baasha king of IsraelAsa wanted Ben Hadad to attack Israel. Ben Hadad could only do that if he broke his covenant with the king of Israel. The meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel, and attack Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10121KI1521wf5g0It came about thatThis phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
10131KI1521n32wfigs-metonymy0he stopped building up RamahKing Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate translation: “he had his workers stop building up Ramah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
10141KI1521lb5i0TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10151KI1522gnh40No one was exemptedThis can also be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Every one had to obey King Asas proclamation”
10161KI1523w5txfigs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Abijah is in this other book. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
10171KI1523w7szfigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10181KI1524tq8efigs-metaphor0Asa slept with his ancestorsSleeping here is a euphemism which represents dying. Alternate translation: “Asa died as his ancestors had” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
10191KI1524fa26figs-activepassive0was buried with themIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him with his ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10201KI1524u9jw0David his fatherThe word “father” here refers to an ancestor. Alternate translation: “King David, his ancestor”
10211KI1525r4cj0Connecting Statement:The rest of chapter 15 and 16 is about the kings of Israel. These events happened while King Asa of Judah was still alive.
10221KI1525y9r8figs-explicit0the second year of Asa king of JudahThis refers to the second year of Asas reign. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “when Asa had been king of Judah for almost two years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10231KI1525thl70he reigned over Israel two yearsAlternate translation: “Nadab reigned over Israel two years”
10241KI1526cj46figs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10251KI1526f53ffigs-metaphor0walked in the way of his fatherWalking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10261KI1526ebp9figs-metaphor0in his own sinWalking in his own sin represents sinning in ways that were different from the ways that his father had sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned in his own ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10271KI1526wr2afigs-metaphor0by which he led Israel to sinLeading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10281KI1527uzg30conspired against NadabAlternate translation: “secretly plotted to kill King Nadab”
10291KI1527p5qltranslate-names0GibbethonThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
10301KI1527n1b5figs-synecdoche0Nadab and all Israel“The phrase “all Israel” is a generalization that represents the many soldiers of Israel. Alternate translation: “Nadab and the many soldiers of Israel” or “Nadab and the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
10311KI1527n3zg0were laying siege to GibbethonAlternate translation: “were surrounding Gibbethon, so that the people of Gibbethon would surrender to them”
10321KI1528l1ajfigs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Nadab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10331KI1529vp7kfigs-parallelism0Baasha killed all the family of Jeroboam. He left none of Jeroboams descendants breathing.These two sentences mean the same thing and are combined to emphasize his descendents were all killed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
10341KI1529m6jg0all the family of JeroboamJeroboam was King Nadabs father.
10351KI1529djq7figs-metonymy0He left none of Jeroboams descendants breathingBreathing represents being alive. Alternate translation: “He left none of Jeroboams descendants living” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
10361KI1529zqy40his royal lineAlternate translation: “Jeroboams royal line”
10371KI1529w2vx0just as Yahweh had spoken by his servant Ahijah the ShiloniteIn [1 Kings 14:10](../14/10.md) and [1 Kings 14:11](../14/11.md) Yahweh spoke through his prophet Ahijah and told Jeroboam that he would destroy his family.
10381KI1529vmg90Ahijah the ShiloniteAlternate translation: “Ahijah, who was from Shiloh”
10391KI1530p24yfigs-abstractnouns0for the sins of Jeroboam which he committed and by which he led Israel to sinIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sins**, you could express the same idea with the verb “sin.” Alternate translation: “because Jeroboam sinned and led Israel to sin in the same ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
10401KI1530l8b6figs-metaphor0by which he led Israel to sinLeading people to do something represents influencing them to do something. Alternate translation: “by which he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10411KI1531p7n1figs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Nadab is in this other book. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). This rhetorical question can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
10421KI1531i3dwfigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10431KI1532fnf6figs-explicit0all their daysThis refers to the whole period of time that they reign as kings. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:16](../15/16.md) Alternate translation: “the whole time that they reigned over Judah and Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10441KI1533u22f0Connecting Statement:Starting in [1 Kings 15:27](../15/27.md), the author told about how Baasha became king. Here the author begins to tell about what Baasha did as king of Israel.
10451KI1533qka70TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10461KI1534j9xvfigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10471KI1534i9dhfigs-metaphor0walked in the way of JeroboamWalking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that Jeroboam had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10481KI1534w9fq0in his sin by which he led Israel to sinPossible meanings are that **his** and **he** refer to: (1) Baasha or (2) Jeroboam.
10491KI1534yq78figs-metaphor0by which he led Israel to sinLeading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10501KI16introabcg0# 1 Kings 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Incorrect worship<br>The prophet Jehu warned Baasha, king of Israel, that God would destroy his family for worshiping the idols. But Baasha did not change his ways; so Zimri murdered Baashas son and all his relatives. Then Omri killed Zimri. Omris son Ahab brought in the rain god Baal and his wife, the fertility goddess Ashtoreth, as the official religion of Israel. This was very evil. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
10511KI161kf7zfigs-idiom0The word of Yahweh cameThis idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
10521KI162rjv30Although I exalted youThis is Gods message that Jehu was to give to Baasha. The word “you” refers to Baasha.
10531KI162pn3ufigs-metaphor0I exalted you out of the dust“I raised you out of the dust.” Being in the dust on the ground represents not being important. Exalting someone represents making him important. Alternate translation: “I raised you from a very unimportant position” or “when you had no power or influence over people, I made you important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10541KI162ygn2figs-metaphor0you have walked in the way of JeroboamWalking represents behaving. Jeroboam and Baasha both sinned. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “you have done the same things that Jeroboam did” or “you have sinned as Jeroboam sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10551KI163lj8b0Connecting Statement:Yahweh continues telling Baasha what he will do to him.
10561KI163hht4figs-123person0See, I will completely sweep away Baasha and his familyYahweh is speaking to Baasha, and the phrase “his family” refers to Baashas family. This can be translated using the words “you” and “your.” Alternate translation: “Listen, Baasha. I will completely sweep away you and your family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
10571KI163v2qhfigs-metaphor0I will completely sweep awaySweeping away represents destroying. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10581KI165t3j3figs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Baasha is in this other book. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
10591KI165l8ggfigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10601KI166xf6ifigs-metaphor0Baasha slept with his ancestorsSleeping is a euphemism that represents dying. Alternate translation: “Baasha died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Baasha died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
10611KI166fp23figs-activepassive0was buriedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10621KI166s4vm0TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10631KI166wwv5figs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Baasha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10641KI167u6cgfigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh cameThis is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
10651KI167q8l2figs-metaphor0all the evil that he did in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “all the things that Baasha that are evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “all the things that Baaha did that Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10661KI167cw1dfigs-abstractnouns0so as to provoke him to angerIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you could express the same idea with the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “so as to make Yahweh very angry” or “that made God very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
10671KI167zvf1figs-synecdoche0with the work of his handsHere Basha is represented by his “hands.” This speaks of all of his actions as his “work.” Alternate translation: “by the things Baasha had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
10681KI168d1yz0TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10691KI169v34c0His servant ZimriAlternate translation: “Elahs servant Zimri”
10701KI169vbl5figs-metonymy0captain of half his chariotsThe word “chariots” here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate translation: “captain of half his chariot drivers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
10711KI169b7jvfigs-idiom0drinking himself drunkThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “drinking so much wine that he was getting drunk” or “getting drunk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
10721KI169x8kjfigs-metaphor0who was over the householdBeing over the household represents being in charge of the things in King Elahs house. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the things in the Elahs house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10731KI1610zq6c0attacked him and killed himAlternate translation: “attacked and killed Elah”
10741KI1610ds8nfigs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Elah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10751KI1611t76c0He did not leave alive a single maleThis means that he killed all the men and boys. Alternate translation: “He did not leave even one male alive”
10761KI1612ea4j0the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
10771KI1612fqc5figs-idiom0which he spoke against Baasha by Jehu the prophetSpeaking “by” a prophet represents telling a prophet to speak and the prophet speaking. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh told Jehu the prophet to speak against Baasha” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
10781KI1613n66kfigs-metaphor0they had led Israel to sinLeading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “they had influenced Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10791KI1613qs120they had led Israel to sinHere the word “Israel” refers to the ten northern tribes of Israel. Baasha and Elah had been their king.
10801KI1613xwa9figs-explicit0they provoked Yahweh, the God of Israel, to anger with their idolsGod became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “they made Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10811KI1613ny8r0the God of IsraelHere the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.
10821KI1614ft5qfigs-rquestion0are they not written … kings of Israel?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Elah is in this other book. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
10831KI1614bu87figs-activepassive0are they not written … Israel?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10841KI1615uz3t0TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10851KI1615r7bx0the army was camped by GibbethonThe word “army” refers to the army of the kingdom of Israel.
10861KI1615ttm40GibbethonThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 15:27](../15/27.md).
10871KI1616aj11figs-activepassive0The army camped there heard it saidIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers who camped there heard someone say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10881KI1616vri9figs-synecdoche0all IsraelBoth times this phrase is used, it represents the army of Israel. Here the word “all” is a generalization meaning “most.” Alternate translation: “all the army of Israel” or “most of the soldiers in the army of Israel” or “the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
10891KI1618zuq8figs-activepassive0that the city had been takenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Omri and the army had taken the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10901KI1619g6bsfigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10911KI1619a7t3figs-metaphor0walking in the way of JeroboamHere walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “doing the same things that Jeroboam had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10921KI1619ldy3figs-metaphor0so as to lead Israel to sinLeading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “so as to influence Israel to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10931KI1620i7gifigs-explicit0the treason that he carried outThis treason refers to Zimris plot to kill Elah, the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “how he plotted against King Elah” or “how he killed the king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
10941KI1620b9u9figs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Zimri is in this other book. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
10951KI1620ai9ufigs-activepassive0are they not written … Israel?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10961KI1621g8g1figs-metaphor0followed Tibni … followed OmriHere “followed” represents supporting or wanting to make him king. Alternate translation: “supported Tibni son of Ginath, to make him king, and half supported Omri” or “wanted to make Tibni son of Ginath king, and half wanted to make Omri king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
10971KI1622va8c0were stronger than the people who followed TibniAlternate translation: “overpowered the people who followed Tibni”
10981KI1623g7150TirzahThis is the name of a city. See how you translated it in [1 Kings 14:17](../14/17.md).
10991KI1624dcc7translate-names0ShemerThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11001KI1624utw5translate-bweight0two talents of silverYou may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “about 66 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
11011KI1624gm4yfigs-metonymy0He built a cityThe word “He” refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate translation: “Omri had his people build a city” or “Omri commanded and his workers built a city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11021KI1624mkr5figs-idiom0after the name of ShemerThis is an idiom that means “to honor Shemer” or “so that people would remember Shemer.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11031KI1625q5vdfigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11041KI1626qj4kfigs-metaphor0walked in all the ways of Jeroboam son of NebatWalking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did all the same things that Jeroboam son of Nebat did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11051KI1626ysn60in his sins by which he led Israel to sinPossible meanings are that **his** and **he** refer to: (1) Baasha or (2) Jeroboam.
11061KI1626kr8rfigs-metaphor0in his sinsPossible meanings are walking in his sins represents: (1) sinning as Jeroboam sinned. Alternate translation: “he sinned as Jeroboam sinned” or (2) or sinning habitually. Alternate translation: “he sinned habitually” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11071KI1626fza30by which he led Israel to sinLeading people to sin represents influencing them to sin. Alternate translation: “his sins, by which he influenced Israel to sin” or “and by sinning like this, he influenced people to sin.
11081KI1626yj3nfigs-explicit0to provoke Yahweh … to be angry with their worthless idolsGod became angry with the people because they worshiped idols. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Kings 16:13](../16/13.md). Alternate translation: “to make Yahweh, the God of Israel, angry because they worshiped worthless idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
11091KI1626w3zcfigs-distinguish0their worthless idolsThe word “worthless” here reminds people that idols are worthless because they cannot do anything. Alternate translation: “their idols, which are worthless” or “their idols, which are useless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
11101KI1626nw910the God of IsraelHere the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.
11111KI1627zmg3figs-rquestion0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Omri is in this other book. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
11121KI1627rt47figs-activepassive0are they not written … Israel?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
11131KI1628a9lefigs-metaphor0Omri slept with his ancestorsThe euphemism “sleeping” here represents dying. Alternate translation: “Omri died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Omri died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
11141KI1628gt7tfigs-metaphor0became king in his placeThe phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Omri” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11151KI1630q8y5figs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahwehs judgment. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahwehs judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11161KI1631n5dafigs-explicit0It was to Ahab a trivial thing to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of NebatThis implies that Ahab wanted to commit worse sins. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It was as if Ahab thought that walking in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat was not enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
11171KI1631va54figs-idiom0It was to Ahab a trivial thingThis is an idiom. The phrase “to Ahab” means that Ahab considered or thought something. Alternate translation: “Ahab considered it a trivial thing” or “Ahab thought that it was not enough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11181KI1631hhh60a trivial thingAlternate translation: “an insignificant thing” or “not enough”
11191KI1631ahs1figs-metaphor0to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of NebatWalking in Jeroboams sins represents sinning as Jeroboam had sinned. Alternate translation: “to sin as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11201KI1631xc3mfigs-parallelism0worshiped Baal and bowed down to himThese two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to him” describes the posture that people used in worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
11211KI1633bu6m0the God of IsraelHere the word “Israel” refers to the nation of Israel, which consisted of twelve tribes.
11221KI1633vl7q0the kings of IsraelHere the word “Israel” refers to the kingdom of Israel, which consisted of ten tribes.
11231KI1634f89kfigs-metaphor0at the cost of the life of Abiram, his firstborn sonThe consequence of building the city is spoken of as if it were a cost that Hiel paid. Alternate translation: “and the consequence of his sin was that Abiram, his firstborn son, died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11241KI1634ph6wfigs-metaphor0Segub, his youngest son, lost his lifeDying is spoken of as if he lost his life. Alternate translation: “Segub, his youngest son, died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11251KI1634zh2d0while he was building the gates of the cityAlternate translation: “while Hiel was building the gates of the city”
11261KI1634be9n0in keeping with the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “according to the word of Yahweh”
11271KI1634lvt50the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
11281KI1634zx6jfigs-metonymy0which he spoke by Joshua son of NunSpeaking “by” someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11291KI17introabch0# 1 Kings 17 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is the beginning of the story of Elijah. (1 Kings 17 2 Kings 2)<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Baal worship<br>Ahab had introduced the worship of Baal, the god people thought brought rain, to Israel. Because of this, God caused a drought. Elijah told Ahab that it would not rain or dew until he, Elijah, said so. Elijah had to hide so Ahab would not kill him for bringing the drought. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
11301KI171brj9translate-names0the TishbiteThis is the name of a people group from Tishbe. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11311KI171q3t1translate-names0TishbeThis is the name of a town in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11321KI171ub3q0As Yahweh, the God of Israel livesThis phrase is an oath to emphasize that what he will say is true.
11331KI171zi1bfigs-idiom0before whom I standThis is an idiom that means “to serve.” Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11341KI171ag4n0dewdrops of water that form on the plants during the night
11351KI172tv69figs-idiom0The word of Yahweh cameThis idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11361KI173nq5etranslate-names0KerithThis is the name of a very small stream. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11371KI174v8hk0It will happen thatThis phrase is used to introduce how Yahweh will take care of Elijah during the drought. Alternate translation: “There”
11381KI174h5ywtranslate-unknown0ravenslarge, black birds (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
11391KI175vf5mfigs-metonymy0as the word of Yahweh commandedHere “the word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11401KI175a3bctranslate-names0the brook KerithThis is the name of a very small stream. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 17:2](../17/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11411KI177tr8k0in the landAlternate translation: “in that area” or “in that country”
11421KI178jh2hfigs-idiom0The word of Yahweh cameThis idiom means God spoke. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11431KI178rd8p0came to himHere the word “him” refers to Elijah.
11441KI179l4d5translate-names0ZarephathThis is a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
11451KI179cd5n0Look, IAlternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: I”
11461KI1712ve6z0As Yahweh your God livesThis phrase is an oath to emphasize that what she will say is true.
11471KI1712rx570only a handful of mealAlternate translation: “only a little bit of meal”
11481KI1712y3lh0meal“flour.” This what is used to make bread.
11491KI1712zu4d0See, IAlternate translation: “Let me tell you what I am doing: I”
11501KI1712p5dbtranslate-numbers0two sticksThis may refer to two sticks or to only a few sticks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
11511KI1712b86lfigs-explicit0that we may eat it, and dieIt is implied that they will die because they do not have anymore food. Alternate translation: “that we may eat. Afterwards, we will starve to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
11521KI1713ccq3figs-explicit0afterward make some for you and for your sonIt is implicit that there would be enough flour and oil to make more bread. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
11531KI1714pej5figs-idiom0Yahweh sends rainThis is an idiom that means Yahweh causes it to rain. Alternate translation: “Yahweh causes rain to fall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11541KI1715vbj60She and Elijah, along with her household, ate for many daysIn the original language it says, “And she and he and her household ate for many days.” It is unclear who “he” is. This could mean: (1) Elijah, the widow, and her son ate for many days or (2) the widow, her son, and everyone living in her house ate for many days or (3) Elijah, the widow, and everyone living in her house ate for many days.
11551KI1715ziz70along with her householdPossible meanings for **household** are: (1) this refers only to the widows son or (2) this refers to other people who live in her house but are not named in the story or (3) this refers to her son and others living in her house.
11561KI1716x364figs-metonymy0just as the word of Yahweh had saidHere “word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11571KI1717bp540the womans son, the woman who owned the houseAlternate translation: “the son of the woman who owned the house”
11581KI1717g2eyfigs-euphemism0there was no more breath left in himThis is a polite way of saying the boy died. Alternate translation: “he stopped breathing” or “he died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
11591KI1718a1dd0man of GodThe phrase “man of God” is another title for a prophet.
11601KI1718c2gxfigs-genericnoun0of my sinThis means sins in general not a specific sin. Alternate translation: “of my sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
11611KI1719a6d10where he was stayingHere “he” refers to Elijah.
11621KI1719v27l0on his own bedHere “his” refers to Elijah.
11631KI1720q8bcfigs-rquestion0have you also brought disaster on the widow with whom I am staying, by killing her son?This could mean: (1) Elijah is truly asking a question. Alternate translation: “why would you cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son” or (2) Elijah uses a question to express how sad he is. Alternate translation: “surely, you would not cause the widow with whom I am staying to suffer even more by killing her son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
11641KI1720lhy9figs-metaphor0have you also brought disaster on the widowCausing the widow to suffer is spoken of as if “disaster” were an object that is placed on the widow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11651KI1720h37t0also brought disasterHere “also” means in addition to the disaster that the drought has caused.
11661KI1721swr1figs-idiom0stretched himself on the childThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “lay on top of the child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11671KI1722h2wpfigs-metonymy0Yahweh listened to the voice of ElijahHere “voice” represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate translation: “Yahweh answered Elijahs prayer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11681KI1722nv6bfigs-parallelism0the life of the child returned to him, and he revivedThese two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “the child came back to life” or “the child lived again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
11691KI1723aut10his roomHere “his” refers to Elijah.
11701KI1723e1te0See, your son is aliveThe word “See” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
11711KI1724m6ycfigs-metonymy0the word of Yahweh in your mouth is true“the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true.” The word “mouth” represents what Elijah said. Alternate translation: “the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11721KI18introabci0# 1 Kings 18 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Baal<br>God proved himself to all the people of Israel. Elijah went to meet Ahab. He told Ahab to bring the 450 prophets of Baal and all the people to Mount Carmel. Then he proposed an experiment, which was carried out. The prophets of Baal took one bull, killed them, cut them up, and placed them on wood on an altar without lighting the fire. The prophets of Baal danced and prayed to Baal all morning and half the afternoon. After they were exhausted, Elijah built his altar and drenched it with water. Then he prayed. God answered his prayer with fire that burned up the sacrifice, the altar and the water. Then Elijah told the people to seize the prophets of Baal and kill them. After that, Elijah prayed for rain, and it rained very hard. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Humor<br><br>Elijah insults the false god Baal. He states, “Perhaps he is thinking, or is relieving himself, or he is traveling on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened.” Baal was too busy in the bathroom to answer the prophets. “Relieving himself” is a euphemism. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
11731KI181l7swfigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh cameThis idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11741KI181q2by0send rain on the landAlternate translation: “cause rain to fall on the land”
11751KI182lc7kwriting-background0now the famine was severeThe word “now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells background information about how the famine had affected Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
11761KI183c24p0Now Obadiah honored YahwehThe word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story.
11771KI184i9amtranslate-numbers0one hundred prophets and hid them by fifties“100 prophets and hid them in groups of 50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
11781KI185vpi8figs-parallelism0save the horses and mules alive … not lose all the animalsThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “prevent the horses and mules from dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
11791KI186izg5figs-synecdoche0Ahab went one way by himself and Obadiah went another wayThe phrase “by himself” emphasizes that Ahab and Obadiah went in separate directions, not necessarily that no one was with Ahab. Alternate translation: “Ahab lead a team in one direction and Obadiah lead a team in the other direction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
11801KI187qz9f0master ElijahHere the word “master” is used as a term of respect.
11811KI188fu6g0Go tell your master, Look, Elijah is here.Here the word “master” refers to Ahab.
11821KI188bil90Look, ElijahAlternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: Elijah”
11831KI189a65pfigs-rquestion0How have I sinned … for him to kill me?Obadiah asks this question to emphasize the danger to himself because of King Ahabs anger at Elijah. Alternate translation: “I have not wronged you … for him to kill me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
11841KI189ry4rfigs-metonymy0give your servant into the hand of Ahab“Hand” is metonymy for power and control. Alternate translation: “deliver your servant to Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11851KI189hmu90your servantObadiah refers to himself as Elijahs servant in order to honor Elijah.
11861KI1810j1sm0As Yahweh your God livesThis is an oath used to emphasize that what he is saying is true.
11871KI1810n7bqfigs-hyperbole0there is no nation or kingdom where my master has not sent menHere “no nation or kingdom” is an exaggeration that means that men have traveled very far and gone to many places to find Elijah. This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “my master has sent men to nations and kingdoms near and far” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
11881KI1811nlb60Yet nowThis phrase is used to emphasize the danger in what Elijah is telling Obadiah to do.
11891KI1813zrj6figs-activepassive0Has it not been told to you … with bread and water?If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Surely you have been told about what I did … with bread and water!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
11901KI1813v2va0my masterHere the word “master” is a term of respect used to refer to Elijah.
11911KI1813u3getranslate-numbers0one hundred of Yahwehs prophets by fifties“100 of Yahwehs prophets in groups of 50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
11921KI1814h8670Go and tell your master that Elijah is hereSee how you translated these words in [1 Kings 18:11](../18/11.md).
11931KI1814sup20your masterHere “master” refers to King Ahab.
11941KI1815y5q40As Yahweh of hosts livesThis is an oath to emphasize that what he will say is true.
11951KI1815jrz6figs-idiom0before whom I standTo “stand before” is an idiom for being in someones presence and ready to serve him. Alternate translation: “whom I serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
11961KI1816c9p20told him what Elijah saidAlternate translation: “Obadiah told Ahab what Elijah had told him to say”
11971KI1817i2jyfigs-rquestion0Is it you? You are the one who brings trouble to Israel!Ahab asks the question for emphasis to be certain about Elijahs identity. Alternate translation: “So here you are. You are the troublemaker of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
11981KI1819gz7qfigs-hyperbole0all IsraelThis is a generalization to refer to the leaders and people who represent the ten tribes of the northern kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
11991KI1819n9nhtranslate-numbers0450 prophets“four hundred and fifty prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12001KI1819nzp4translate-numbers0four hundred prophets“400 prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12011KI1820vwk2figs-synecdoche0sent word to … and gathered“Word” represents Ahabs message and is also a metonym for the messenger who delivered the message. This is a common statement used with the meaning understood. Alternate translation: “sent a message to … and gathered” or “sent a messenger to summon … to gather” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
12021KI1821v7v9figs-rquestion0How long will you keep changing your mind?Elijah asks this question to urge the people to make a decision. If your readers would misunderstand this question, you can express it as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have been indecisive for long enough.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
12031KI1821na5a0did not answer him a wordAlternate translation: “did not say anything” or “were silent”
12041KI1822l1ig0I, I alone, am leftThe word “I” is repeated for emphasis.
12051KI1822z9imtranslate-numbers0450 men“four hundred and fifty men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12061KI1824fch4figs-metonymy0call on the name of your god … call on the name of Yahweh“Name” is metonymy for the reputation and honor of someone and “calling on” him represents an appeal. Alternate translation: “call to your god … call to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12071KI1824i2cc0all the people answered and said, “This is good.”Alternate translation: “all the people said, This is a good thing to do.’”
12081KI1825b41u0prepare itAlternate translation: “make it ready to be sacrificed”
12091KI1825y7csfigs-you0you are many peopleHere the word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
12101KI1826rj670They took the bullAlternate translation: “The prophets of Baal took the bull”
12111KI1826n37tfigs-activepassive0the bull that was given to themIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the bull that someone gave them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12121KI1826gs4dfigs-parallelism0But there was no voice, nor anyone who answeredThese two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that there was no one to respond to the prayers of the false prophets. The word “voice” represents someone speaking. Alternate translation: “But Baal did not say or do anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
12131KI1827mi460Perhaps he is thinkingAlternate translation: “Maybe he is thinking” or “It could be that he is thinking”
12141KI1827qb2gfigs-euphemism0relieving himselfThis euphemism is a more pleasant way to express a harsh statement. Elijah uses understatement to insult Baal with sarcasm. Alternate translation: “in the bathroom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
12151KI1827pz9yfigs-activepassive0must be awakenedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must awaken him” or “you must wake him up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12161KI1829sx2c0they were still raving“they continued their wild behavior.” Prophets often acted in ways that seemed unusual or even crazy. In this case they were calling on Baal while dancing, shouting loudly, and cutting themselves with knives.
12171KI1829d4cs0of offering of the evening sacrificeAlternate translation: “to offer the evening sacrifice”
12181KI1829h5cefigs-parallelism0but there was no voice or anyone to answer; there was no one who paid any attention to their pleadingsThese phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one responded to the prayers of the false prophets. Alternate translation: “but Baal did not say or do anything or even pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12191KI1829lpf90there was no voice or anyone to answerSee how you translated this in [1 Kings 18:26](../18/26.md).
12201KI1831n18ftranslate-numbers0twelve stones“12 stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12211KI1832yy3lfigs-metonymy0in the name of Yahweh“Name” here is a metonym for honor and reputation. This could mean: (1) “to honor Yahweh” or (2) “with the authority of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12221KI1832gh4y0trencha small waterway to hold water
12231KI1832kp7ztranslate-bvolume0two seahs of seedsA seah is a unit of volume equal to about 7.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 15 liters of seeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
12241KI1833m699figs-ellipsis0He arranged the wood for a fire“On the altar” where he placed the wood is assumed in this sentence. Alternate translation: “He put the wood for a fire on the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
12251KI1833sh1gtranslate-numbers0four jars“4 jars” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12261KI1833u4fl0jarsA jar is a container for water.
12271KI1835v15z0trenchSee how you translated this in [1 Kings 18:30](../18/30.md).
12281KI1836xs1m0It happenedThis phrase is used here to reference a significant and meaningful time of the day in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
12291KI1836ajj40Yahweh, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of IsraelHere “Israel” is referring to Jacob. God changed Jacobs name to Israel (Genesis 32:28), and God named the nation of Jacobs descendants “Israel.”
12301KI1836xuh8figs-activepassive0let it be known this dayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “make these people know today” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12311KI1837url20Hear me … hear meThis phrase is repeated to emphasize the appeal of Elijah to Yahweh.
12321KI1837dq2ufigs-metonymy0turned their heart back again to yourselfThe peoples “heart” is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate translation: “caused them to be loyal to you again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12331KI1838wf4a0the fire of Yahweh fellAlternate translation: “the fire of Yahweh came down”
12341KI1838xyn4figs-personification0licked upThe fire is compared to a thirsty person drinking water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
12351KI1839z3jq0Yahweh, he is God! Yahweh, he is God!This phrase is repeated for emphasis.
12361KI1841f9b60there is the sound of much rainAlternate translation: “it sounds like it is going to rain a lot”
12371KI1842uvi20bowed himself down on the earth and put his face between his kneesThis describes a posture used for praying.
12381KI1843cch7translate-numbers0seven timesThe word “seven” can be rendered as the numeral “7.” Alternate translation: “7 times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12391KI1844w1db0as small as a mans handFrom a long distance, the cloud could be covered from sight by a mans hand.
12401KI1845iv5m0It happenedThis phrase is used here to mark where a new step in the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
12411KI1846y3clfigs-metonymy0the hand of Yahweh was on ElijahHere the word “hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave his power to Elijah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12421KI1846jqk40tucked his robe in his beltElijah wrapped his long robe around his waist so that his legs would be free for running.
12431KI19introabcj0# 1 Kings 19 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>The queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to kill Elijah. Elijah fled south into the desert south of Judah. He traveled on to Mount Horeb also known as Mount Sinai, the mountain of God. God asked him why he was there. He said he had come to Mount Horeb because Israel had deserted God, killed his prophets, and wanted to kill him. God sent him home to make Hazael the king of Aram, Jehu the king of Israel, and Elisha as the prophet in his place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]])
12441KI192s2y60So may the gods do to me, and more alsoThis is a comparison used as an emphatic oath. “May the gods kill me and do even more bad things”
12451KI192sp3r0if I do not make your life like the life of one of those dead prophetsAlternate translation: “if I do not kill you like you killed those prophets”
12461KI193hkc10he aroseAlternate translation: “he stood up”
12471KI194nzy9figs-rpronouns0he himself went a days journeyThe word “himself” is used to emphasize that he was alone. Alternate translation: “he walked by himself for a day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
12481KI194za2utranslate-unknown0broom treeA “broom tree” is a plant that grows in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
12491KI194c1v20He requested for himself that he might dieAlternate translation: “He prayed that he would die”
12501KI194shx50It is enough, now, YahwehAlternate translation: “These troubles are too much for me, Yahweh”
12511KI196q2lffigs-activepassive0bread that had been baked on coalsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread that someone had cooked on hot stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
12521KI196hjt10jug of waterAlternate translation: “a container of water”
12531KI197ik820will be too much for youAlternate translation: “will be too difficult for you.”
12541KI198j9yvtranslate-numbers0he traveled in the strength of that food forty days and forty nights“that food gave him energy to travel for 40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12551KI199br240to a cave thereHere the word “there” refers to Mount Horeb. A cave is an opening in a mountainside that leads to a natural room or rooms underground.
12561KI199j8iafigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh came to him and said to him, “WhatThe idiom “The word of Yahweh came to,” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to him. He said, What” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: What” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
12571KI199nh7jfigs-rquestion0What are you doing here, Elijah?Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Elijah and to remind him of his duty. Alternate translation: “This is not where you should be, Elijah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
12581KI1910zg3n0I, only I, am leftHere the word “I” is repeated for emphasis.
12591KI1911i185figs-idiom0on the mountain before me“Before me” here is an idiom for standing in front of someone. Alternate translation: “on the mountain in my presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
12601KI1913t1l20he wrapped his face in his cloak“he covered his face with his cloak” A cloak is a long robe, a piece of clothing that covers the whole body.
12611KI1913ps2e0Then a voice came to himAlternate translation: “Then he heard a voice”
12621KI1913ht8c0What are you doing here, Elijah?See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:9](../19/09.md).
12631KI1914q17u0Elijah replied, “I have been very zealous … and they are also trying to take my life.”See how you translated this text in [1 Kings 19:10](../19/10.md).
12641KI1914d39a0I, only I, am leftHere the word “I” is repeated for emphasis.
12651KI1916s3y30prophet in your placeAlternate translation: “prophet instead of you”
12661KI1917be8f0It will happenThis phrase is used to introduce what will happen when Elijah does what Yahweh has told him to do. “What will happen is”
12671KI1917j4vpfigs-metonymy0whoever escapes from the sword of Hazael“Sword” is metonymy for killing as in battle. Alternate translation: “whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12681KI1918zix5figs-rpronouns0I will leave for myselfHere the words “I” and “myself” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will save from death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
12691KI1918jyx3translate-numbers0seven thousand people“7,000 people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12701KI1918n188figs-metonymy0whose knees have not bent down to Baal, and whose mouths have not kissed him“Bending down” and “kissing” are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “who have not bowed down and kissed Baal” or “who have not worshiped Baal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
12711KI1919iy4xtranslate-names0ShaphatThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
12721KI1919ddp6translate-numbers0twelve yoke of oxen“12 yoke of oxen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12731KI1919m3gyfigs-rpronouns0he himself was plowing with the twelfth yokeThe word “himself” indicates that Elisha was plowing with the last yoke, while other men were plowing with the other eleven yokes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
12741KI1920jye90he said, “PleaseThe word “he” refers to Elisha.
12751KI1921s7a5figs-explicit0he gave it to the peopleElisha gave the cooked meat to the people of his city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
12761KI20introabck0# 1 Kings 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Battle<br>God had chosen to defeat Ben Hadad, king of Aram. So when he attacked Samaria with a huge army, the tiny army of Israel defeated him. The people of Aram said that Yahweh was the god of the hills, but they could defeat Israel on the plains. So they came again but Israel defeated them again. Then Ben Hadad offered a peace plan and Ahab accepted. But God had wanted him to kill Ben Hadad and was angry at Ahab for making peace with him.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Simile<br>There were so few Israel soldiers that they were “like two little flocks of goats.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
12771KI201i4artranslate-names0Ben HadadThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
12781KI201qfr1translate-numbers0thirty-two lesser kings“32 lesser kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12791KI201ai8j0lesser kingsAlternate translation: “kings ruling smaller groups of people”
12801KI204d2xefigs-idiom0It is as you sayThis is an idiom to express agreement. Alternate translation: “I agree with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
12811KI206xa8s0tomorrow about this timeAlternate translation: “tomorrow at the same time of day that it is now”
12821KI206r8pafigs-synecdoche0whatever pleases their eyesHere the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize them looking at something and desiring it. Alternate translation: “whatever pleases them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
12831KI207it6rfigs-metonymy0of the land“The land” represents all the people living there. Alternate translation: “of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12841KI207aza4figs-idiom0take note and see“Take note” here is an idiom to observe carefully. Alternate translation: “pay close attention to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
12851KI207fk6bfigs-doublenegatives0I have not refused himThis can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “I have agreed to his demands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
12861KI2010q6wd0May the gods do so to me and more alsoThis is an oath with great emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 19:2](../19/02.md).
12871KI2010b77wfigs-metaphor0if even the ashes of Samaria will be enough for all the people who follow me to have a handful eachBen Hadad is threatening that his army will totally destroy everything in Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
12881KI2011y7fkwriting-proverbs0Tell Ben Hadad, No one who is just putting on his armor … as if he were taking it off.This is an expression to give advice. “Putting on armor” is metonymy for getting prepared for battle. “Tell Ben Hadad, Do not boast as if you have already won a battle that you have not yet fought.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12891KI2013f4sp0Then beholdThe word “behold” alerts us to the sudden appearance of a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this.
12901KI2013up43figs-rquestion0Have you seen this great army?Yahweh asks this question to emphasize the size and strength of Ben Hadads army. Alternate translation: “Look at this great army.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
12911KI2013xw3c0Look, I will place it into your hand todayThe word “Look” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.
12921KI2013ci7bfigs-metonymy0place it into your handHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over that army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12931KI2014ni9cfigs-ellipsis0By whom?Ahab leaves out the words will you do this Alternate translation: “By whom will you do this?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
12941KI2015pgh10Ahab mustered the young officersAlternate translation: “Ahab assembled the young officers”
12951KI2015ftl5figs-parallelism0all the soldiers, all the army of IsraelThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
12961KI2015w3bdtranslate-numbers0seven thousand“7,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
12971KI2016x62f0They went outHere the word “They” refers to the Israelite army.
12981KI2016ta310thirty-two lesser kingsSee how you translated this in [1 Kings 20:1](../20/01.md).
12991KI2017i5p4figs-activepassive0Ben Hadad was informed by scouts that he had sent outThis can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “Scouts that Ben Hadad had sent out informed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13001KI2017ke290scoutsA “scout” is a soldier sent to gather information about the enemy.
13011KI2018l7k4figs-ellipsis0Ben Hadad saidIt is understood that Ben Hadad is speaking to his soldiers. Alternate translation: “Ben Hadad said to his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
13021KI2018hqg60Whether they have … take themHere “they” and “them” refer to the Israelite army.
13031KI2019t1j40So the young officers … the army followedAlternate translation: “The young Israelite officers … the Israelite army followed”
13041KI2020e1jkfigs-synecdoche0Israel pursued them“Israel” is synecdoche for all the soldiers of the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: “the men of the army of Israel pursued them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13051KI2021k7xifigs-synecdoche0the king of Israel went out and attacked“The king” is synecdoche for the king and all the soldiers serving under him. Alternate translation: “The king of Israel and his soldiers went out and attacked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13061KI2022b52ifigs-metonymy0strengthen yourself“Yourself” represents by metonymy the army of the king. Alternate translation: “strengthen your forces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13071KI2022g9f7figs-doublet0understand and planThese two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “determine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
13081KI2022u4ju0at the return of the yearThis could mean: (1) “in the springtime of next year” or (2) “at this time next year.”
13091KI2023kn8efigs-exclusive0let us fight … we will be strongerThe words “us” and “we” refer to the servants, the king, and the army all together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
13101KI2024alj20Remove all the kings from their positions of authorityAlternate translation: “You must remove the thirty-two kings who are leading your troops”
13111KI2026ewh9translate-names0AphekThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
13121KI2026h5flfigs-synecdoche0to fight against Israel“Israel” represents the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “to fight against the army of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13131KI2027v3fffigs-activepassive0The people of Israel were mustered and suppliedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army also gathered together, and the commanders gave the arms that they needed for the battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13141KI2027jkv8figs-simile0like two little flocks of goatsThis simile compares the Israelite army to two little flocks of goats. Alternate translation: “The Israelite army appeared to be small and weak like two flocks of goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
13151KI2028xgs10a man of GodThis is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: “a prophet”
13161KI2028xcf5figs-metonymy0place this great army into your handHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “give you victory over this great army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13171KI2029cwx6translate-numbers0seven days“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13181KI2029g5mmtranslate-numbers0100,000“one hundred thousand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13191KI2029n4tu0footmenA “footman” is a soldier who marches on foot.
13201KI2030y5lefigs-ellipsis0The rest fled to AphekThe expression “the rest” assumes the words “of the Aramean soldiers.” Alternate translation: “The rest of the Aramean soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
13211KI2030b7gvtranslate-names0AphekThis is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
13221KI2030wi1itranslate-numbers0twenty-seven thousand“27,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13231KI2031z4q20Look nowThis emphasizes what they will say. Alternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what we are about to tell you”
13241KI2031gwi20put sackcloth around our waists and ropes around our headsThis was a sign of surrender.
13251KI2032b34ffigs-rquestion0Is he still alive?Ahab asks this question to express surprise. Alternate translation: “I am surprised that he is still alive!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13261KI2032ch6mfigs-metaphor0He is my brother“My brother” here is a metaphor for somebody who is a good friend. Alternate translation: “He is like a brother to me” or “He is like family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13271KI2033y94a0Now the menThe word “Now” does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
13281KI2033e1y4figs-metonymy0for any sign from Ahab“Sign” is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate translation: “for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13291KI2035d6wp0one of the sons of the prophetsAlternate translation: “a member of the group of prophets”
13301KI2035pr9y0the word of YahwehAlternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahwehs message”
13311KI2036dy4nfigs-metonymy0you have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh“The voice” is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “you have not obeyed Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13321KI2039s9r60Your servant went outThe prophet refers to himself in the third person as a sign of respect to the king.
13331KI2039cn8zfigs-idiom0into the heat of the battle“Heat of the battle” here is an idiom to express the most intense and fierce fighting. Alternate translation: “to where the battle was most intense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
13341KI2039t89k0your life will be given for his lifeAlternate translation: “you will die in his place”
13351KI2039n9m5translate-bweight0a talent of silverA talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “33 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
13361KI2040q6dsfigs-idiom0going here and thereThis is an idiom to represent being very busy and preoccupied. Alternate translation: “doing other things” or “doing this and that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
13371KI2042f7ygfigs-metonymy0let go from your handHere the word “hand” is metonymy for power. Alternate translation: “released” or “spared the life of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13381KI2042m59l0your life will take the place of his life, and your people for his peopleAlternate translation: “you will die in his place, and your people will die in the place of his people”
13391KI21introabcl0# 1 Kings 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>God hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ahab wanted Naboths vineyard to make into a garden for his palace, but Naboth refused to sell it. So the queen, Ahabs wife, told the civic leaders of Naboths town to falsely accuse him and execute him. Elijah told Ahab that he would be killed in Naboths vineyard and all his family destroyed. Ahab repented and showed he was very sorry for what he did, so God said it would not happen to Ahab himself but to his son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])
13401KI211j692writing-newevent0Now some time laterThis phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story and indicates that these events happened later, not that Naboth owned the vineyard later. If your language has a way marking the beginning of a new part of a story, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Now this is what happened later” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
13411KI211d4gftranslate-names0Naboth the JezreeliteThis is the name of a man from Jezreel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
13421KI211pe6gfigs-synecdoche0king of Samaria“Samaria” was the capital city of the kingdom of Israel and here represents the entire nation. Alternate translation: “king of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13431KI213p9pbfigs-explicit0May Yahweh forbid that I should giveThis phrase is an oath that emphasizes that what follows will not happen. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh forbids it, I will never give” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13441KI213sg9ufigs-metaphor0give the inheritance of my ancestors to youThe land that his ancestors received as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance. Alternate translation: “give to you the land that my ancestors received as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13451KI215ib4efigs-synecdoche0Why is your heart so sadHere “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “Why are you so sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13461KI217k6fdfigs-rquestion0Do you not still rule the kingdom of Israel?Jezebel uses this negative rhetorical question to rebuke Ahab. It can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “You still rule the kingdom of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13471KI217u9rkfigs-synecdoche0let your heart be happyHere “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “be happy” or “cheer up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13481KI218m5eyfigs-metonymy0wrote letters in Ahabs nameThis could mean: (1) she wrote Ahabs name on the letters. Alternate translation: “wrote letters and signed them with Ahabs name” or (2) the word “name” is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “wrote letters on behalf of Ahab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13491KI218ltl3figs-nominaladj0the wealthy who sat with himThe word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who sat with Naboth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
13501KI219p5n4figs-metaphor0seat Naboth above the peopleHaving Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. Alternate translation: “have Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13511KI2110l62b0let them testify against himAlternate translation: “have them accuse him”
13521KI2111c93gfigs-nominaladj0the wealthy who lived in Naboths cityThe word “wealthy” refers to wealthy people. Alternate translation: “the wealthy people who lived in Naboths city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
13531KI2111r1kvfigs-activepassive0as was written in the lettersIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as she had written in the letters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13541KI2112c24dfigs-metaphor0seated Naboth above the peopleHaving Naboth sit in a place of honor is spoken of as if it were having him sit above the rest of the people who were present. See how you translated this idea in [1 Kings 21:9](../21/09.md). Alternate translation: “had Naboth sit in a place of honor among the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13551KI2113xj2k0sat before NabothAlternate translation: “sat in front of Naboth”
13561KI2113zia20they carried him outHere the word “they” refers to the people of the city.
13571KI2114cm8qfigs-activepassive0Naboth has been stoned and is deadIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have stoned Naboth and he is dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13581KI2115bnj9figs-activepassive0that Naboth had been stoned and was deadIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the people had stoned Naboth and he was dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13591KI2115m7brfigs-doublet0Naboth is not alive, but dead.These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize Jezebels statement. Alternate translation: “Naboth is dead!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
13601KI2117t1mbfigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh cameThis idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
13611KI2119rh87figs-rquestion0Have you killed and also taken possession?Yahweh asks this question to scold Ahab. Alternate translation: “You have killed Naboth and stolen his vineyard!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13621KI2119w2qz0your blood, yes, your bloodThis is repeated for emphasis.
13631KI2120lpq5figs-rquestion0Have you found me, my enemy?Ahab uses this question to express anger toward Elijah. That Elijah “found” Ahab likely refers to Elijah discovering Ahabs actions, not to finding his physical location. Alternate translation: “You have found me, my enemy!” or “You have discovered what I have done, my enemy!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13641KI2120sx2zfigs-metaphor0you have sold yourself to do what is evilA person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. Alternate translation: “you have dedicated yourself to doing what is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13651KI2120wi8jfigs-metaphor0what is evil in the sight of YahwehThe phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13661KI2121f2w50SeeAlternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
13671KI2121clc4figs-metaphor0completely consume and cut off from you every male child and slave and free man in IsraelYahweh speaks of destroying Ahabs family and preventing him from having any decedents as if he were consuming these people like a fire would consume them, and cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel, whether slave or free” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13681KI2122d8kb0I will make your family like the family of Jeroboam … and like the family of BaashaYahweh will destroy Ahabs family like he destroyed the families of Jeroboam and Baasha.
13691KI2124rcg10Anyone who belongs to AhabAlternate translation: “Anyone who belongs to Ahabs family”
13701KI2125m85zfigs-metaphor0who sold himself to do what was evilA person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. See how you translated this idea in [1 Kings 21:20](../21/20.md). Alternate translation: “who dedicated himself to doing what was evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13711KI2125rh8ufigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehThe phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someones opinion. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 11:6](../11/06.md). Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13721KI2126cz5wfigs-explicit0removed before the people of IsraelHere “Israel” refers to all twelve tribes of Israel and not just to the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: “removed from the presence of the people of Israel” or “drove out of the land before the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13731KI2128lq1tfigs-idiom0the word of Yahweh cameThis idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 6:11](../06/11.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
13741KI2129hf8kfigs-rquestion0Do you see how Ahab humbles himself before me?God uses this question to show Elijah that Ahabs sorrow is genuine. Alternate translation: “I have seen how Ahab humbles himself before me.” or “Look at how Ahab humbles himself before me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13751KI2129cf9j0in his days … in his sons dayAlternate translation: “during his lifetime … during his sons lifetime”
13761KI22introabcm0# 1 Kings 22 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahabs death and the dogs licking his blood.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>When God has decided a person will die, then they cannot avoid death. Ahab persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah to help him in a battle against the army of Aram. Ahabs false prophets all told him to go because he would be successful. But a randomly shot arrow hit him and he bled to death. They washed his chariot at the pool and the dogs licked up his blood, just as Elijah had said they would. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines.”<br>At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiahs reign it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
13771KI221hhf8translate-numbers0Three years“3 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13781KI222d41e0it came about thatThis phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
13791KI223nn96figs-rquestion0Do you know that Ramoth Gilead is ours, but that we are doing nothing to take it from the hand of the king of Aram?Ahab asks this question to emphasize that they should have already recaptured Ramoth Gilead. Alternate translation: “Ramoth Gilead is ours, but we have done nothing yet to take it from the hand of the king of Aram.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13801KI223dn17figs-metonymy0to take it from the hand of the king of AramHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “to take it from the control of the king of Aram” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13811KI224wr99figs-idiom0I am like you, my people are like your people, and my horses are like your horsesJehoshaphat tells Ahab that he, his people, and his horses belong to Ahab, meaning that Ahab can command them as he pleases. Alternate translation: “I, my soldiers, and my horses are yours to use in any way you want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
13821KI226jtc3translate-numbers0four hundred men“400 men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
13831KI226z1lrfigs-metonymy0for the Lord will give it into the hand of the kingHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13841KI228ryn8figs-123person0May the king not say thatJehoshaphat refers to Ahab in the third person to show respect for him. Alternate translation: “You should not say that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
13851KI2211q3wp0made himself horns of ironAlternate translation: “made iron horns for himself”
13861KI2211z3iytranslate-symaction0With these you will push the Arameans until they are consumedThe prophets actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab would defeat the Arameans. Ahabs army will win with great strength, as a bull attacks another animal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13871KI2211lyv3figs-metaphor0until they are consumedDestroying an enemy army is spoken of as if it were consuming them. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until you consume them” or “until you destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
13881KI2212yq7hfigs-metonymy0given it into the hand of the kingHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “allowed the king to capture it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13891KI2213n4rn0Now lookAlternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
13901KI2213p99wfigs-metaphor0the words of the prophets declare good things to the king with one mouthThe prophets all saying the same thing is spoken of as if they all spoke with the same mouth. Alternate translation: “the prophets all declare the same good things to the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13911KI2213mzz9figs-explicit0let your word be like one of themHere the word “them” refers to “the words of the prophets.” Alternate translation: “let what you say agree with what they have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
13921KI2215f1wdfigs-exclusive0should we goThe word “we” refers to Ahab, Jehoshaphat, and their armies but not to Micaiah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
13931KI2215qtv9figs-metonymy0will give it into the hand of the kingHere the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “will allow the king to capture it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13941KI2216pk5tfigs-rquestion0How many times must I require … in the name of Yahweh?Ahab asks this question out of frustration to rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Many times I have required … in the name of Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
13951KI2216mg9pfigs-metonymy0in the name of YahwehHere the word “name” refers to authority. Alternate translation: “as the representative of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
13961KI2217c1difigs-synecdoche0I saw all IsraelHere “all Israel” refers to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “I saw the entire army of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
13971KI2217wa5pfigs-simile0like sheep who have no shepherdThe people of the army are compared to sheep that have no one to lead them because their shepherd, the king, has died. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
13981KI2217ql8mfigs-metaphor0These have no shepherdYahweh speaks of the king as if he were a shepherd. Just like a shepherd is responsible to care for and protect his sheep, the king is responsible to lead and protect his people. Alternate translation: “These people no longer have a leader” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
13991KI2218h4mufigs-rquestion0Did I not tell you … but only disaster?Ahab asks this question to emphasize that he had spoken the truth about Micaiah. Alternate translation: “I told you … but only disaster!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
14001KI2220q5jsfigs-metaphor0fall at Ramoth GileadAhab dying in battle is spoken of as if he will fall. Alternate translation: “die at Ramoth Gilead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
14011KI2220zk2g0One of them said … and another one said“One … and another” refers to two or more angels in the heavenly host who were responding to Yahwehs question in the previous verse.
14021KI2222q6fyfigs-metonymy0be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophetsHere the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “cause all his prophets to speak lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
14031KI2223i9ww0seeAlternate translation: “pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
14041KI2223ty8pfigs-metonymy0has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these prophets of yoursHere the word “spirit” refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words “the mouth” represents what they will say. Alternate translation: “has caused all of your prophets to speak lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
14051KI2224d3plfigs-rquestion0Which way did the Spirit of Yahweh take to go from me to speak to you?Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. Alternate translation: “Do not think that Yahwehs Spirit left me to speak to you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
14061KI2225v6m50LookAlternate translation: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
14071KI2225y5wffigs-explicit0you will see“you will know the answer to your question.” If Zedekiahs rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. Alternate translation: “you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
14081KI2228jk7jfigs-hypo0If you return safelyThis describes something that would not happen. Yahweh had already told Micaiah that the king would not return safely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
14091KI2229riq8figs-synecdoche0Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah, went upHere the kings represent themselves accompanied by their armies. Alternate translation: “Ahab, the king of Israel, and Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah led their armies up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
14101KI2230r8ev0disguiseThis means to change the usual appearance so as not to be identified.
14111KI2231whp5translate-numbers0thirty-two captains“32 captains” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
14121KI2231faj9figs-merism0Do not attack unimportant or important soldiersBy mentioning both “unimportant” and “important soldiers,” the king meant all soldiers. Alternate translation: “Do not attack any of the soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
14131KI2232bl440It came about thatThis phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
14141KI2234zl680drew his bow at randomThis could mean: (1) he took aim to shoot a soldier without knowing that it was Ahab or (2) he drew his bow to shoot without any specific target in mind.
14151KI2235yt1gfigs-activepassive0the king was held up in his chariotIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone held the king up in his chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14161KI2236q7gsfigs-metonymy0a cry went upHere “a cry” represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate translation: “soldiers began to shout” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
14171KI2236n2prfigs-parallelism0Every man should go back to his city; and every man should go back to his regionThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
14181KI2237kt8tfigs-activepassive0was brought to SamariaIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his soldiers brought his body to Samaria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14191KI2237g7u20they buried himAlternate translation: “people buried him”
14201KI2238hl13figs-metonymy0just as the word of Yahweh had declaredHere “the word of Yahweh” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
14211KI2239wgg6figs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel?This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 15:31](../15/31.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
14221KI2240qin8figs-metaphor0slept with his ancestorsAhab dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
14231KI2242da6stranslate-numbers0thirty-five years old“35 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
14241KI2242b42ytranslate-numbers0twenty-five years“25 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
14251KI2243v7yefigs-metaphor0He walked in the ways of Asa, his fatherA persons behavior is spoken of as if that person walked along a path. Alternate translation: “He did the same things that Asa, his father, had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
14261KI2243k4jefigs-metaphor0what was right in the eyes of YahwehHere “eyes” represents seeing and Yahwehs opinion is spoken of as if he were able to see something. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
14271KI2243ru9sfigs-activepassive0the high places were not taken awayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he did not take away the high places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14281KI2245e4affigs-activepassive0are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah?This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 14:29](../14/29.md). Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” or “you can read them in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
14291KI2248m82hfigs-activepassive0the ships were wreckedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ships wrecked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14301KI2250l7pffigs-metaphor0slept with his ancestorsJehoshaphat dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
14311KI2250xx4mfigs-activepassive0was buried with themIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
14321KI2251kle7translate-numbers0he reigned two years“he reigned 2 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
14331KI2252t21sfigs-metaphor0what was evil in the sight of YahwehYahwehs opinion regarding something is spoken of as if Yahweh were seeing that thing. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
14341KI2252l67zfigs-metaphor0walked in the way of his father, in the way of his mother, and in the way of Jeroboam son of NebatA persons behavior is spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father, mother, and Jeroboam son of Nebat had done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
14351KI2252r34u0led Israel to sinHere the word “Israel” refers to the ten northern tribes that made up the kingdom of Israel.
14361KI2253als8figs-doublet0He served Baal and worshiped himThe words “served” and “worshiped” mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
14371KI2253j7lm0the God of IsraelHere the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.