unfoldingWord_en_tn/en_tn_27-DAN.tsv

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2DANfrontintrotxw30# Introduction to Daniel\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n\n### Outline of Daniel\n\n1. Daniel and his friends in the court of Nebuchadnezzar (1:121)\n1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzars first dream (2:149)\n1. Daniels friends delivered from the fiery furnace (3:130)\n1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzars second dream (4:137)\n1. Belshazzars feast and the writing on the wall (5:1-31)\n1. Daniel in the den of lions (6:128)\n1. Daniels vision of four beasts (7:128)\n1. Daniels vision of a ram and a goat (8:127)\n1. Daniel prays and Gabriel answers (9:123)\n1. Daniels vision of seventy weeks (9:2427)\n1. Daniels vision of a man (10:111:1)\n1. The kings of the south and north (11:220)\n1. An evil king exalts himself (11:21-39)\n1. The time of the end (11:4012:13)\n\n### What is the Book of Daniel about?\n\nThe first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 16) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful.\n\nThe rest of the Book of Daniel is a series of prophetic visions. Chapters 7 and 8 deal with images representing the kingdoms and kings of the major nations. Chapters 911 are prophecies and visions about wars and a type of the great enemy of God appearing. Chapter 12 is a vision that describes end times.\n\n### How should the title of this book be translated?\n\nThe traditional title of this book is “The Book of Daniel” or just “Daniel.” Translators may call it “The Book About Daniel” or “The Book About the Deeds and Visions of Daniel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])\n\n### Who wrote the Book of Daniel?\n\nDaniel was a Jew who became a Babylonian government official during the exile. He may have written the book himself. Or he may have written the parts of the book and someone else put the parts together at a later time.\n\n## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts\n\n### Is there a missing week in Daniels prophecy?\n\nScholars disagree about what may appear to be a missing week in 9:24-27. It is best for translators to allow apparent mysteries such as this to remain in the text. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalyptic]])\n\n### When did the seventy weeks begin?\n\nThe seventy weeks in 9:24-27 began when a decree was issued to rebuild the city of Jerusalem. But there were several decrees that allowed this to happen. Translators do not need to understand how prophecies were or will be fulfilled to translate the text.\n\n### Who was Darius the Mede?\n\nDarius the Mede was a Babylonian king who sent Daniel into a den of lions. People have not found his name in history outside of the Book of Daniel. Scholars have tried to explain who Darius was, but they are not certain.\n\n## Part 3: Important Translation Issues\n\n### How does Daniel use the word “king”?\n\nMany kings are in the Book of Daniel, but not all of the kings ruled over all of Babylon or Persia. Some of the kings may have ruled over regions or cities.\n\n### How many chapters does Daniel have?\n\nDaniel has twelve chapters. Some Bible versions include stories called “Bel and the Dragon” and “The Prayer of Azariah.” However, few people think that these stories have the same authority as the rest of scripture. Therefore, there is no need to translate them.
3DAN1introp1ev0# Daniel 1 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Training for government jobs<br><br>Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Food laws<br><br>The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the kings food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
4DAN11sxi6figs-synecdocheיְהוֹיָקִ֣ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֑ה1Jehoiakim king of JudahThis refers to **Jehoiakim** and his soldiers, not only to Jehoiakim. Alternate translation: “the army of Jehoiakim king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5DAN11x9t9figs-synecdocheנְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֧ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל1Nebuchadnezzar king of BabyloniaThis refers to **Nebuchadnezzar** and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia and his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
6DAN11cps4וַ⁠יָּ֥צַר עָלֶֽי⁠הָ1and besieged itAlternate translation: “to stop the people from receiving any supplies”
7DAN12w31yבְּ⁠יָד֜⁠וֹ1into his handGod gave to Nebuchadnezzar
8DAN12l12tfigs-synecdocheוַ⁠יְבִיאֵ֥⁠ם…הֵבִ֔יא1He brought them … he placedAlthough Nebuchadnezzar did not do these things alone, it may easier for the reader to retain the singular pronouns. Alternate translation: “They brought them … they placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
9DAN12tb9lוַ⁠יְבִיאֵ֥⁠ם1He brought themHere **them** probably refers to Jehoiakim and other prisoners, as well as the sacred objects.
10DAN12riv5אוֹצַ֥ר אֱלֹהָֽי⁠ו1in the treasury of his godThis was an act of devotion to **his god**.
11DAN13c2p4וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ1Then the king commandedThis refers to Nebuchadnezzar.
12DAN13pba3translate-namesלְ⁠אַשְׁפְּנַ֖ז1Ashpenaz**Ashpenaz** is the chief official. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
13DAN14j6vwfigs-litotesאֵֽין־בָּ⁠הֶ֣ם כָּל־מאום1in whom was no blemishThese two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “who had perfect appearance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
14DAN14ki41figs-idiomוְ⁠יֹ֤דְעֵי דַ֨עַת֙ וּ⁠מְבִינֵ֣י מַדָּ֔ע1endowed with knowledge and understanding learningThis is an idiom. This means they knew much and could organize and use that information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
15DAN14im8mבְּ⁠הֵיכַ֣ל הַ⁠מֶּ֑לֶךְ1in the palace of the kingThis is the large house or building where the king lives.
16DAN14gg5xוּֽ⁠לֲ⁠לַמְּדָ֥⁠ם1and to teach themAlternate translation: “and Ashpenaz was to teach them”
17DAN15v9dgfigs-metonymyוַ⁠יְמַן֩ לָ⁠הֶ֨ם הַ⁠מֶּ֜לֶךְ1The king assigned themThe kings officials did this task for him. Alternate translation: “The kings officials counted out for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
18DAN15vq2iמִ⁠פַּת־בַּ֤ג1of the choice food ofthe special, rare, good foods that the king ate
19DAN15bj35וּֽ⁠לְ⁠גַדְּלָ֖⁠ם1They were to be trainedAlternate translation: “They were to be taught skills”
20DAN15ex12figs-activepassiveוּֽ⁠לְ⁠גַדְּלָ֖⁠ם1They were to be trainedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Ashpenaz was to train these young men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
21DAN16ln29בָ⁠הֶ֖ם1Among theseAlternate translation: “Among the young men from Israel”
22DAN17k7ucשַׂ֥ר הַ⁠סָּרִיסִ֖ים1The chief of the officialsThis refers to Ashpenaz who was King Nebuchadnezzars highest official.
23DAN17b656translate-namesבֵּ֣לְטְשַׁאצַּ֗ר…שַׁדְרַ֔ךְ…מֵישַׁ֔ךְ…עֲבֵ֥ד נְגֽוֹ1Belteshazzar … Shadrach … Meshach … AbednegoThese are all mens names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
24DAN18s7srfigs-synecdocheוַ⁠יָּ֤שֶׂם דָּנִיֵּאל֙ עַל־לִבּ֔⁠וֹ1Daniel resolved in his heartHere **heart** refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “Daniel decided to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
25DAN18xse9figs-explicitלֹֽא־יִתְגָּאַ֛ל1he would not defile himselfTo **defile** something is to make is unclean. Some of the food and drink of the Babylonians would make Daniel ceremonially unclean according to Gods law. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “make himself unclean according to Gods law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
26DAN18e52rבְּ⁠פַתְבַּ֥ג1with the choice food ofThis refers to the special, rare, good foods that the king ate. See how you translated this in [Daniel 1:3](../01/03.md).
27DAN110wc2ifigs-rquestionלָ⁠מָּה֩ יִרְאֶ֨ה אֶת־פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֜ם זֹֽעֲפִ֗ים מִן־הַ⁠יְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כְּ⁠גִֽילְ⁠כֶ֔ם1why should he see your faces looking worse than the youths who are of your own age?The official uses this question to explain what he thought would happen. It can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He does not want to see you looking worse than the other young men of your own age.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
28DAN110n5lcfigs-idiomוְ⁠חִיַּבְתֶּ֥ם אֶת־רֹאשִׁ֖⁠י לַ⁠מֶּֽלֶךְ1Then you would endanger my head with the kingThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Then the king might cut off my head” or “Then the king might kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
29DAN113m7rhוְ⁠יֵרָא֤וּ לְ⁠פָנֶ֨י⁠ךָ֙ מַרְאֵ֔י⁠נוּ וּ⁠מַרְאֵה֙ הַ⁠יְלָדִ֔ים1Then let our appearance be observed in your presence and the appearance of the youthsDaniel asked the steward to see if he and his friends looked worse than the other young men. Alternate translation: “Then compare our appearance to see if it is worse than the appearance of the young men”
30DAN114thm2וַ⁠יְנַסֵּ֖⁠ם1and he tested themHe tested Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
31DAN115h7dvמַרְאֵי⁠הֶם֙…וּ⁠בְרִיאֵ֖י1their appearance … and they were fatter inHere **their** and **they** refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
32DAN115pj6pוּ⁠בְרִיאֵ֖י בָּשָׂ֑ר1and they were fatter in fleshThis means to have been made healthy from what you have eaten.
33DAN116uzg5אֶת־פַּתְבָּגָ֔⁠ם…מִשְׁתֵּי⁠הֶ֑ם…וְ⁠נֹתֵ֥ן לָ⁠הֶ֖ם1their choice food … they were to drink and gave themThe pronouns **their**, *they**, and **them** refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
34DAN117das8figs-abstractnounsנָתַ֨ן לָ⁠הֶ֧ם הָֽ⁠אֱלֹהִ֛ים מַדָּ֥ע וְ⁠הַשְׂכֵּ֖ל1God gave them knowledge and insightThis can be reworded so that the abstract nouns **knowledge** and **insight** can be expressed as the verbs “learn” and “understand.” Alternate translation: “God gave them the ability to learn and understand clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
35DAN117wn6nfigs-hyperboleבְּ⁠כָל־סֵ֣פֶר וְ⁠חָכְמָ֑ה1in all literature and wisdomHere “all” is a generalization to show that they had a very good education and understanding. Alternate translation: “in many things that the Babylonians had written and studied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
36DAN119ita9וַ⁠יְדַבֵּ֣ר אִתָּ⁠ם֮ הַ⁠מֶּלֶךְ֒1The king spoke with themThe king spoke with the “four young men” ([Daniel 1:17](../01/17.md)).
37DAN119u1amfigs-litotesוְ⁠לֹ֤א נִמְצָא֙ מִ⁠כֻּלָּ֔⁠ם כְּ⁠דָנִיֵּ֣אל חֲנַנְיָ֔ה מִֽישָׁאֵ֖ל וַ⁠עֲזַרְיָ֑ה1and among all of them none was found like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and AzariahThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah pleased him much more than anyone else in the whole group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
38DAN119e2m3כְּ⁠דָנִיֵּ֣אל חֲנַנְיָ֔ה מִֽישָׁאֵ֖ל וַ⁠עֲזַרְיָ֑ה1like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and AzariahThese are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:6](../01/06.md).
39DAN120f5x8figs-hyperboleעֶ֣שֶׂר יָד֗וֹת עַ֤ל1ten times better thanHere **ten times** is an exaggeration representing great quality. Alternate translation: “much better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
40DAN121jhp9שְׁנַ֥ת אַחַ֖ת לְ⁠כ֥וֹרֶשׁ הַ⁠מֶּֽלֶךְ1the first year of King CyrusAlternate translation: “the first year that King Cyrus ruled Babylon”
41DAN2introepd50# Daniel 2 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in Daniels prayer in 2:20-23.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The kings dream<br><br>Daniel told the kings dream and what the dream meant. In the ancient Near East, it was believed that only people in touch with the gods could interpret dreams. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br><br>### How Daniel knew the dream<br><br>Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in answer to the prayers of the four men.
42DAN21mns5translate-ordinalוּ⁠בִ⁠שְׁנַ֣ת שְׁתַּ֗יִם1In the second year“In year two” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
43DAN21xw34figs-metonymyוַ⁠תִּתְפָּ֣עֶם רוּח֔⁠וֹ1His spirit was troubledHere **spirit** refers to his thoughts. Alternate translation: “His thoughts disturbed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
44DAN21g67bfigs-idiomוּ⁠שְׁנָת֖⁠וֹ נִהְיְתָ֥ה עָלָֽי⁠ו1and his sleep left himThis is an idiom that means his troubled thoughts prevented him from sleeping. Alternate translation: “so that he could not sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
45DAN22n5gnוַ⁠יָּבֹ֕אוּ1So they came inAlternate translation: “So they came into the palace”
46DAN22x5f6וַ⁠יַּֽעַמְד֖וּ לִ⁠פְנֵ֥י1and stood beforeAlternate translation: “and stood in front of”
47DAN23q4dvfigs-synecdocheוַ⁠תִּפָּ֣עֶם רוּחִ֔⁠י1and my spirit is troubledHere **spirit** refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “I am troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
48DAN24k6f2translate-namesאֲרָמִ֑ית1in Aramaic**Aramaic** was the language that people in Babylon spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
49DAN24b8zxמַלְכָּ⁠א֙ לְ⁠עָלְמִ֣ין חֱיִ֔י1O King, live forever!The men probably said this to show the king that they were loyal to him. Alternate translation: “King, we hope you will live forever!”
50DAN24n36iל⁠עבדי⁠ך1to your servantsThe men called themselves the kings **servants** to show him respect.
51DAN24cba4figs-exclusiveנְחַוֵּֽא1we will showHere the word **we** refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not include the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
52DAN25nw8rfigs-activepassiveהַדָּמִין֙ תִּתְעַבְד֔וּן וּ⁠בָתֵּי⁠כ֖וֹן נְוָלִ֥י יִתְּשָׂמֽוּן1you will be torn limb from limb and your houses made a rubbish heapIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will command my soldiers to tear your bodies apart and to make your houses into rubbish heaps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
53DAN26xv1kfigs-activepassiveמַתְּנָ֤ן וּ⁠נְבִזְבָּה֙ וִ⁠יקָ֣ר שַׂגִּ֔יא תְּקַבְּל֖וּן מִן־קֳדָמָ֑⁠י1you will receive gifts from me, a reward, and great honorIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give you gifts, a reward, and great honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
54DAN27ux2hfigs-123personמַלְכָּ֕⁠א חֶלְמָ֛⁠א יֵאמַ֥ר לְ⁠עַבְד֖וֹ⁠הִי1Let the king tell his servants the dreamThe wise men addressed the king in the third person as a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
55DAN28h6gffigs-metaphorחֲזֵית֔וֹן דִּ֥י אַזְדָּ֖א מִנִּ֥⁠י מִלְּתָֽ⁠א1you see that the word from me is firmA decision that will not be changed is spoken of as something firm. Alternate translation: “you see that I will not change my decision about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
56DAN29ef89חֲדָה־הִ֣יא דָֽתְ⁠כ֗וֹן1there is only one sentence for youAlternate translation: “there is only one punishment for you”
57DAN29xj29figs-doubletוּ⁠מִלָּ֨ה כִדְבָ֤ה וּ⁠שְׁחִיתָה֙1For … lying and corrupt wordsThese two words mean approximately the same thing and emphasize that these are “lies intended to deceive.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
58DAN210m1jcfigs-doubletרַ֣ב וְ⁠שַׁלִּ֔יט1great and powerfulThese two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of the kings power. Alternate translation: “most powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
59DAN211n99mfigs-litotesוְ⁠אָחֳרָן֙ לָ֣א אִיתַ֔י דִּ֥י יְחַוִּנַּ֖⁠הּ קֳדָ֣ם מַלְכָּ֑⁠א לָהֵ֣ן אֱלָהִ֔ין1and there is no one else who can show it to the king except the godsThis is stated in negative form for emphasis. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “and only the gods can tell this to the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
60DAN212xu8yfigs-doubletבְּנַ֖ס וּ⁠קְצַ֣ף שַׂגִּ֑יא1was angry and very furiousThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his anger. Alternate translation: “was incredibly angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
61DAN212y1cfלְ⁠כֹ֖ל חַכִּימֵ֥י בָבֶֽל1all the wise men of BabylonAlternate translation: “all the men in Babylon”
62DAN213w1hkfigs-personificationוְ⁠דָתָ֣⁠א נֶפְקַ֔ת1So the decree went outThe decree is spoken of as if it was alive and able to go out by itself. Alternate translation: “So the king issued a command” or “So the king gave a command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
63DAN213m5crfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠חַכִּֽימַיָּ֖⁠א מִֽתְקַטְּלִ֑ין1that the wise men were to be killedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the soldiers were to kill all of the wise men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
64DAN214fm3nfigs-doubletעֵטָ֣א וּ⁠טְעֵ֔ם1with prudence and discretionThese two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his prudence. Alternate translation: “with caution and careful judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
65DAN214cj8ptranslate-namesלְ⁠אַרְי֕וֹךְ1to Arioch**Arioch** was the name of the kings commander. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
66DAN214a4faטַבָּחַיָּ֖⁠א1the guardThis is a group of men whose job is to protect the king.
67DAN216ju9kfigs-explicitוְ⁠דָ֣נִיֵּ֔אל עַ֖ל1Then Daniel went inDaniel probably went to the palace. Alternate translation: “Then Daniel went to the palace” or “Then Daniel went to talk with the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
68DAN217bbc8לְ⁠בַיְתֵ֣⁠הּ1to his houseThis is referring to Daniels house.
69DAN217ijt3מִלְּתָ֥⁠א1the matterAlternate translation: “the kings decree”
70DAN218yhz1figs-activepassiveדִּ֣י לָ֤א יְהֹֽבְדוּן֙ דָּנִיֵּ֣אל וְ⁠חַבְר֔וֹ⁠הִי1so that Daniel and his companions might not be destroyedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that the king would not kill Daniel and his companions” or “so that the kings soldiers would not kill Daniel and his companions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
71DAN219nq22figs-activepassiveרָזָ֣⁠ה גֲלִ֑י1the mystery was revealedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God revealed the mystery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
72DAN219s94iרָזָ֣⁠ה1the mysteryThis is referring to the kings dream and its meaning.
73DAN220e8z9figs-metonymyלֶהֱוֵ֨א שְׁמֵ֤⁠הּ דִּֽי־אֱלָהָ⁠א֙ מְבָרַ֔ךְ1Let the name of God be blessedHere **name** refers to God himself. Alternate translation: “Praise God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
74DAN221p54i0General Information:These verses are also part of Daniels prayer.
75DAN221xy7wמְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין1he removes kingsAlternate translation: “he takes away kings authority to rule”
76DAN221k348וּ⁠מְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין1and sets up kingsAlternate translation: “and makes new kings rule over their kingdoms”
77DAN222v5bqו⁠נהיר⁠א עִמֵּ֥⁠הּ שְׁרֵֽא1and the light dwells with himAlternate translation: “and the light comes from where God is”
78DAN223e5ycfigs-123person0General Information:This verse is also part of Daniels prayer. He stops addressing God in the third person and switches to the more personal second person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
79DAN223b3gaהֽוֹדַעְתַּ֨⁠נִי֙ דִּֽי־בְעֵ֣ינָא מִנָּ֔⁠ךְ1you have made known to me what we asked of youAlternate translation: “you told me what my friends and I asked you to tell us”
80DAN223x268מִלַּ֥ת מַלְכָּ֖⁠א הוֹדַעְתֶּֽ⁠נָא1you have made known to us the matter that concerns the kingAlternate translation: “you told us what the king wants to know”
81DAN224le8htranslate-namesאַרְי֔וֹךְ1Arioch**Arioch** was the name of the kings commander. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
82DAN226z3qqtranslate-namesבֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֑ר1was Belteshazzar**Belteshazzar** was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
83DAN227r8dhרָזָ⁠ה֙ דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֣⁠א שָׁאֵ֔ל1The mystery that the king has askedThis phrase refers to the kings dream.
84DAN229as3ufigs-explicitוְ⁠גָלֵ֧א רָזַיָּ֛⁠א1and he who reveals mysteriesThis phrase refers to God. Alternate translation: “and God, who reveals mysteries” or “and God, who makes mysteries known” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
85DAN230v6btfigs-activepassiveרָזָ֥⁠א דְנָ֖ה גֱּלִ֣י לִ֑⁠י1this mystery was revealed to meIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God revealed this mystery to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
86DAN230ca22figs-synecdocheוְ⁠רַעְיוֹנֵ֥י לִבְבָ֖⁠ךְ תִּנְדַּֽע1and so that you may know the thoughts of your mindHere **your mind** refers to the king. Alternate translation: “so that you may know your deepest thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
87DAN234e77jfigs-activepassiveהִתְגְּזֶ֤רֶת אֶ֨בֶן֙ דִּי־לָ֣א בִ⁠ידַ֔יִן1a stone was cut out, although not by human handsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone, not a human, cut a stone from a mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
88DAN235si32figs-simileכְּ⁠ע֣וּר מִן־אִדְּרֵי־קַ֔יִט וּ⁠נְשָׂ֤א הִמּוֹן֙ רוּחָ֔⁠א1like the chaff of the summer threshing floors. The wind carried them awayThis phrase is comparing the pieces of the statue to small and light things which could be blown away by the wind. Alternate translation: “like dry pieces of grass blowing away in the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
89DAN235fe57figs-litotesוְ⁠כָל־אֲתַ֖ר לָא־הִשְׁתֲּכַ֣ח לְ⁠ה֑וֹן1so that no trace of them could be foundThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “so that they were completely gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
90DAN235nfy2וּ⁠מְלָ֥ת כָּל־אַרְעָֽ⁠א1and filled the whole earthAlternate translation: “and spread over the whole earth”
91DAN236utl6figs-pronounsנֵאמַ֥ר1we will tellHere **we** refers only to Daniel. He may have used to plural form in humility to avoid taking credit for knowing the meaning of the dream that God had revealed to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
92DAN237e2xgמֶ֖לֶךְ מַלְכַיָּ֑⁠א1are the king of the kingsAlternate translation: “are the most important king” or “are a king who rules over other kings”
93DAN237gfj7figs-doubletחִסְנָ֛⁠א וְ⁠תָקְפָּ֥⁠א1the power, the strengthThese words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
94DAN238lz1mfigs-metonymyיְהַ֣ב בִּ⁠ידָ֔⁠ךְ1he has given into your handHere **hand** refers to control. Alternate translation: “he has given you control over them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
95DAN238flm9וְ⁠עוֹף־שְׁמַיָּ⁠א֙1the birds of the heavensHere **heavens** is used in the sense of “skies.”
96DAN238ffq7writing-symlanguageאַנְתְּה־ה֔וּא רֵאשָׁ֖⁠ה דִּ֥י דַהֲבָֽ⁠א1You are the head of goldIn the kings dream the statues head represents the king. Alternate translation: “The golden head symbolizes you” or “The golden head is a symbol of you and your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
97DAN239t5ctfigs-explicitתְּק֛וּם מַלְכ֥וּ אָחֳרִ֖י1will arise another kingdomIn the kings dream his kingdom is gold so an inferior kingdom would be silver. Alternate translation: “another kingdom, which is of silver, will arise” or “another kingdom, which is represented by the silver parts of the statue, will arise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
98DAN239c45rwriting-symlanguageוּ⁠מַלְכ֨וּ תליתיא אָחֳרִי֙ דִּ֣י נְחָשָׁ֔⁠א1then another third kingdom of bronzeThis is symbolic language where the bronze of parts of the statue represent a future kingdom. Alternate translation: “then still another kingdom, which is represented by the bronze parts of the statue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
99DAN239k4z1translate-ordinalוּ⁠מַלְכ֨וּ תליתיא אָחֳרִי֙1then another third kingdom“then kingdom number three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
100DAN240q2dltranslate-ordinalוּ⁠מַלְכוּ֙ רביעיה תֶּהֱוֵ֥א1Then there will be a fourth kingdom“Then there will be a kingdom number four” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
101DAN240d7bffigs-simileתַקִּיפָ֖ה כְּ⁠פַרְזְלָ֑⁠א1strong as ironThe fourth kingdom is spoken of as being as **strong as iron**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
102DAN240rjj2writing-symlanguageכָּל־אִלֵּ֖ין תַּדִּ֥ק וְ⁠תֵרֹֽעַ1it will crush and break all these in piecesThis symbolic language means the fourth kingdom will defeat and replace the other kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
103DAN240qn2jכָּל־אִלֵּ֖ין1all theseAlternate translation: “the previous kingdoms”
104DAN241lp4zוְ⁠דִֽי־חֲזַ֜יְתָה1And as you sawNebuchadnezzar **saw** that the feet consisted of clay and iron. He did not see the process of making the feet.
105DAN243c3hfוְ⁠לָֽא־לֶהֱוֺ֥ן דָּבְקִ֖ין דְּנָ֣ה עִם־דְּנָ֑ה1but they will not adhere to one anotherAlternate translation: “but they will not remain united”
106DAN244fan9וּֽ⁠בְ⁠יוֹמֵי⁠ה֞וֹן דִּ֧י מַלְכַיָּ֣⁠א אִנּ֗וּן1In the days of those kingsHere **those kings** refers to the rulers of the kingdoms symbolized by the different parts of the statue.
107DAN244d96cfigs-activepassiveדִּ֤י לְ⁠עָלְמִין֙ לָ֣א תִתְחַבַּ֔ל וּ⁠מַ֨לְכוּתָ֔⁠ה לְ⁠עַ֥ם אָחֳרָ֖ן לָ֣א תִשְׁתְּבִ֑ק1that will never be destroyed, nor will the kingdom be left to another peopleIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy, and that another people never conquer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
108DAN245u69afigs-activepassiveמִ⁠טּוּרָ⁠א֩ אִתְגְּזֶ֨רֶת אֶ֜בֶן דִּי־לָ֣א בִ⁠ידַ֗יִן1a stone was cut out of the mountain by no human handsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone cut a stone from the mountain, but it was not a human who cut it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
109DAN246hb4stranslate-symactionנְפַ֣ל עַל־אַנְפּ֔וֹ⁠הִי1fell on his faceThis symbolic act showed that the king was honoring Daniel. Alternate translation: “lay down with his face on the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
110DAN246xf46figs-activepassiveוּ⁠מִנְחָה֙ וְ⁠נִ֣יחֹחִ֔ין אֲמַ֖ר לְ⁠נַסָּ֥כָה לֵֽ⁠הּ1and he commanded that an offering and incense be offered up to himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and he ordered his servants to make an offering and to offer up incense to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
111DAN247jz9sמִן־קְשֹׁט֙ דִּ֣י אֱלָהֲ⁠כ֗וֹן1Truly your GodAlternate translation: “It is true that your God”
112DAN247q3ruאֱלָ֧הּ אֱלָהִ֛ין וּ⁠מָרֵ֥א מַלְכִ֖ין1the God of gods and the Lord of kingsAlternate translation: “greater than all the other gods, and King over all other kings”
113DAN247ifr1וְ⁠גָלֵ֣ה רָזִ֑ין1the one who reveals mysteriesTranslate **the one who reveals mysteries** as in [Daniel 2:29](../02/29.md).
114DAN247h6mdלְ⁠מִגְלֵ֖א רָזָ֥⁠ה דְנָֽה1to reveal this mysteryAlternate translation: “to reveal the mystery of my dream”
115DAN248lz5pוְ⁠הַ֨שְׁלְטֵ֔⁠הּ1and he made him rulerAlternate translation: “and the king made Daniel the ruler”
116DAN249pp5rלְ⁠שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַ⁠עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֑וֹ1Shadrach, Meshach, and AbednegoThese were the Babylonian names of the three Jewish men who were brought to Babylon with Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md)
117DAN3introfc6f0# Daniel 3 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The kings new idol<br><br>Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego refused to worship the new idol. In the ancient Near East, refusing to worship the king was a sign of rebellion against the king. It was often considered the crime of treason. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])<br><br>### The furnace<br><br>There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born.
118DAN31vj2cfigs-metonymyנְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֗⁠א עֲבַד֙ צְלֵ֣ם דִּֽי־דְהַ֔ב…אֲקִימֵ⁠הּ֙1King Nebuchadnezzar made an image of gold … He set it upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to make a gold statue … They set it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
119DAN31l4e2translate-bdistanceרוּמֵ⁠הּ֙ אַמִּ֣ין שִׁתִּ֔ין פְּתָיֵ֖⁠הּ אַמִּ֣ין שִׁ֑ת1whose height was 60 cubits and its width six cubitsA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “that was about 27 meters tall and almost 3 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
120DAN31r51ytranslate-namesבְּ⁠בִקְעַ֣ת דּוּרָ֔א1on the Plain of DuraThis is a location within the kingdom of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
121DAN32pj4sלַֽ⁠אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֡⁠א סִגְנַיָּ֣⁠א וּֽ⁠פַחֲוָתָ֡⁠א1the satraps, the prefects, and the governorsThese are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory.
122DAN32yr48גְדָ֨בְרַיָּ֤⁠א1the treasurersThese officials are in charge of money.
123DAN33qh6fאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֡⁠א סִגְנַיָּ֣⁠א וּֽ⁠פַחֲוָתָ֡⁠א1the satraps, the prefects, and the governorsSee how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
124DAN34huk2וְ⁠כָרוֹזָ֖⁠א1Then the heraldA **herald** is an official messenger for the king.
125DAN34z125figs-activepassiveלְ⁠כ֤וֹן אָֽמְרִין֙1You are commandedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “The king commands you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
126DAN34by5mfigs-metonymyעַֽמְמַיָּ֔⁠א אֻמַּיָּ֖⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּֽ⁠א1O peoples, nations, and languagesHere **nations** and **languages** represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate translation: “O people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
127DAN35mml9translate-symactionתִּפְּל֤וּן וְ⁠תִסְגְּדוּן֙1you must fall down and worshipAlternate translation: “you must stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
128DAN35c6tzתִּפְּל֤וּן1you must fall downHere **fall down** means “quickly lie down.”
129DAN36z9s5figs-activepassiveוּ⁠מַן־דִּי־לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל וְ⁠יִסְגֻּ֑ד בַּ⁠הּ־שַׁעֲתָ֣⁠א יִתְרְמֵ֔א לְ⁠גֽוֹא־אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּֽ⁠א1But whoever does not fall down and worship, at that very moment, will be thrown into the midst of a furnace of blazing fireIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the soldiers will throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not fall down and worship the statue at the very moment they hear the music” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
130DAN36xue4לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל1does not fall downHere **fall down** means “quickly lie down”
131DAN36x9ikאַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּֽ⁠א1a furnace of blazing fireThis is a large room filled with a hot fire.
132DAN37i26fקַרְנָ⁠א֩ מַשְׁר֨וֹקִיתָ֜⁠א קיתרס שַׂבְּכָא֙ פְּסַנְטֵרִ֔ין1the horn, flute, lyre, trigon, harpThese are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
133DAN37x2ppfigs-hyperboleכָּֽל־עַֽמְמַיָּ֜⁠א אֻמַיָּ֣⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּ֗⁠א1all the peoples, nations, and languagesHere **all** that means all the people who were present. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
134DAN37y1q9figs-metonymyעַֽמְמַיָּ֜⁠א אֻמַיָּ֣⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּ֗⁠א1the peoples, nations, and languagesHere **nations** and **languages** represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
135DAN37vyk5נָֽפְלִ֨ין1fell downHere **fell down** means “quickly lay down”
136DAN37xg6ttranslate-symactionנָֽפְלִ֨ין…סָֽגְדִין֙1fell down and worshippedThey did this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretched themselves out on the ground face down to worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
137DAN37mi49figs-metonymyלְ⁠צֶ֣לֶם דַּהֲבָ֔⁠א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ים נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֥ר מַלְכָּֽ⁠א1the golden image that King Nebuchadnezzar had set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzars men had set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
138DAN38vy1kכָּ⁠ל־קֳבֵ֤ל דְּנָה֙1ThereforeThis word is used to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about some new people in the story.
139DAN39hf48מַלְכָּ֖⁠א לְ⁠עָלְמִ֥ין חֱיִֽי1O King, live foreverThis was a common greeting to the king.
140DAN310dzb5קַרְנָ֣⁠א מַ֠שְׁרֹקִיתָ⁠א קיתרס שַׂבְּכָ֤א פְסַנְתֵּרִין֙ ו⁠סיפניה1the horn, flute, lyre, trigon, harp, and bagpipeThese are musical instruments. See how you translated some of these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
141DAN310jiv5יִפֵּ֥ל1must fall downHere **fall down** means “quickly lie down”
142DAN310h3iutranslate-symactionיִפֵּ֥ל וְ⁠יִסְגֻּ֖ד1must fall down and worshipThe people would do this to **worship** the statue. Alternate translation: “must stretch himself out on the ground face down to worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
143DAN311u6bmfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠מַן־דִּי־לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל וְ⁠יִסְגֻּ֑ד יִתְרְמֵ֕א לְ⁠גֽוֹא־אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּֽ⁠א1But whoever does not fall down and worship will be thrown into the midst of a furnace of blazing fireIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But your soldiers must throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not lie down on the ground and worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
144DAN311qdc6לָ֥א יִפֵּ֖ל1does not fall downHere **fall down** means “quickly lie down”
145DAN311p2l2אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּֽ⁠א1a furnace of blazing fireThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
146DAN312anm2שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַ⁠עֲבֵ֣ד1Shadrach, Meshach, and AbednegoThese are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
147DAN312ejy1לָא־שָׂ֨מֽוּ עלי⁠ך…טְעֵ֔ם1pay no attention to youAlternate translation: “do not pay attention to you”
148DAN312a7m8figs-metonymyוּ⁠לְ⁠צֶ֧לֶם דַּהֲבָ֛⁠א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ…סָגְדִֽין1or worship the golden image that you have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “or worship the golden statue your men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
149DAN313jjl4לְ⁠שַׁדְרַ֥ךְ מֵישַׁ֖ךְ וַ⁠עֲבֵ֣ד1Shadrach, Meshach, and AbednegoThese are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
150DAN314t6f3figs-metonymyהֲקֵ֖ימֶת1I have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “my men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
151DAN315kak3קַרְנָ֣⁠א מַשְׁרוֹקִיתָ֣⁠א קיתרס שַׂבְּכָ֡א פְּסַנְתֵּרִין֩ וְ⁠סוּמְפֹּ֨נְיָ֜ה1the horn, flute, lyre, trigon, harp, and bagpipeThese are musical instruments. See how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
152DAN315l9elתִּפְּל֣וּן1to fall downHere **fall down** means “quickly lie down”
153DAN315ws27translate-symactionתִּפְּל֣וּן וְ⁠תִסְגְּדוּן֮1to fall down and worshipAlternate translation: “stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
154DAN315td6rfigs-metonymyלְ⁠צַלְמָ֣⁠א דִֽי־עַבְדֵת֒1the image that I have made, all will be wellNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the statue that my men have made, all will be well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
155DAN315vth1עַבְדֵת֒1I have made, all will be wellAlternate translation: “I have made, there will no longer be a problem” or “I have made, you will be free to go”
156DAN315gz3yfigs-activepassiveבַּ⁠הּ־שַׁעֲתָ֣⁠ה תִתְרְמ֔וֹן לְ⁠גֽוֹא־אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּ֑⁠א1you will immediately be thrown into the midst of a furnace of blazing fireIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my soldiers will immediately throw you into a blazing furnace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
157DAN315sl8aאַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּ֑⁠א1a furnace of blazing fireThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
158DAN315z8gtfigs-rquestionוּ⁠מַן־ה֣וּא אֱלָ֔הּ דֵּ֥י יְשֵֽׁיזְבִנְ⁠כ֖וֹן מִן־יְדָֽ⁠י1Who is the god who will rescue you out of my hands?The king does not expect an answer. He is threatening the three men. Alternate translation: “No god is able to rescue you from my power!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
159DAN315hw83figs-metonymyמִן־יְדָֽ⁠י1out of my handsHere **hands** refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “from my punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
160DAN317d2kcאַתּ֨וּן נוּרָ֧⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּ֛⁠א1the furnace of blazing fireThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
161DAN317sj5qfigs-metonymyוּ⁠מִן־יְדָ֥⁠ךְ1and … out of your handHere “hand” refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “and … from your punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
162DAN318mc1dוְ⁠הֵ֣ן לָ֔א יְדִ֥יעַ לֶהֱוֵא־לָ֖⁠ךְ מַלְכָּ֑⁠א דִּ֤י1But if not, let it be known to you, O king, thatAlternate translation: “But king, we must let you know that even if our God does not rescue us”
163DAN318iq7tfigs-metonymyוּ⁠לְ⁠צֶ֧לֶם דַּהֲבָ֛⁠א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ימְתָּ1or … the golden image that you set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “or … the golden statue your men set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
164DAN319bt7kfigs-metaphorנְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֜ר הִתְמְלִ֣י חֱמָ֗א1Nebuchadnezzar was filled with rageThe king was so angry that rage is spoken of as if it were filling him up. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar became extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
165DAN319e99gfigs-idiomעָנֵ֤ה וְ⁠אָמַר֙ לְ⁠מֵזֵ֣א לְ⁠אַתּוּנָ֔⁠א חַ֨ד־שִׁבְעָ֔ה עַ֛ל דִּ֥י חֲזֵ֖ה לְ⁠מֵזְיֵֽ⁠הּ1He answered by giving orders to heat the furnace seven times more than it was normally heatedHere **seven times more than it was normally heated** is an idiom that means to make it very much hotter. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He commanded his men to make the furnace very much hotter than they normally make it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
166DAN321r7ttוְ⁠כַרְבְּלָתְ⁠ה֖וֹן1their hatsThese **hats** were head covering made of wrapped cloth.
167DAN321xya5אַתּ֥וּן נוּרָ֖⁠א יָקִֽדְתָּֽ⁠א1the furnace of blazing fireThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
168DAN322v2v9figs-activepassiveמִן־דִּ֞י מִלַּ֤ת מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ מַחְצְפָ֔ה1because the command of the king was urgentIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because the men quickly did what the king commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
169DAN324kzd8הֲ⁠לָא֩ גֻבְרִ֨ין תְּלָתָ֜א רְמֵ֤ינָא לְ⁠גוֹא־נוּרָ⁠א֙ מְכַפְּתִ֔ין1Did we not throw three men bound into the midst of the fire?Alternate translation: “We threw three men tied up into the fire, right?”
170DAN325gy5stranslate-ordinalוְ⁠רֵוֵ⁠הּ֙ דִּ֣י רביעי⁠א דָּמֵ֖ה לְ⁠בַר־אֱלָהִֽין1The appearance of the fourth is like a son of the godsThe gods were believed to shine brightly with light. Alternate translation: “Man four is shining brightly with light as a son of the gods would shine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
171DAN327ru5iאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֞⁠א סִגְנַיָּ֣⁠א וּ⁠פַחֲוָתָ⁠א֮1The satraps, the prefects, the governorsThese are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory. See how you translated these in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
172DAN327g7e8figs-activepassiveוּ⁠שְׂעַ֤ר רֵֽאשְׁ⁠הוֹן֙ לָ֣א הִתְחָרַ֔ךְ1the hair on their heads was not singedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the fire had not singed the hair on their heads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
173DAN327jr79לָ֣א הִתְחָרַ֔ךְ1was not singedAlternate translation: “was not burned even a little”
174DAN327nuu7figs-activepassiveוְ⁠סָרְבָּלֵי⁠ה֖וֹן לָ֣א שְׁנ֑וֹ1their cloaks were not harmedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the fire did not harm their robes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
175DAN327hv4bוְ⁠רֵ֣יחַ נ֔וּר לָ֥א עֲדָ֖ת בְּ⁠הֽוֹן1and the smell of fire had not come on themAlternate translation: “and they did not smell like fire”
176DAN328x5hafigs-metaphorוּ⁠מִלַּ֤ת מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ שַׁנִּ֔יו1and set aside the command of the kingNot obeying the kings command is spoken of as if they had physically moved it away from them. Alternate translation: “and they ignored my command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
177DAN328uld8figs-idiomוִ⁠יהַ֣בוּ גשמי⁠הון1they gave up their bodiesThis phrase refers to the three mens willingness to die for what they believed. Alternate translation: “and they were willing to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
178DAN328s95dלְ⁠כָל־אֱלָ֔הּ לָהֵ֖ן לֵ⁠אלָֽהֲ⁠הֽוֹן1any god except their GodAlternate translation: “any other god except their God”
179DAN329pnl6figs-activepassiveכָל־עַ֨ם אֻמָּ֜ה וְ⁠לִשָּׁ֗ן דִּֽי־יֵאמַ֤ר שלה עַ֣ל אֱלָהֲ⁠ה֗וֹן דִּֽי־שַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַ⁠עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹא הַדָּמִ֣ין יִתְעֲבֵ֔ד וּ⁠בַיְתֵ֖⁠הּ נְוָלִ֣י יִשְׁתַּוֵּ֑ה1any people, nation, or language that speaks anything offensive against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego will be torn limb from limb, and their houses be made into rubbish heapsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my servants will tear apart any people, nation, or language that speaks anything offensive against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego and will tear them limb from limb and make their houses into piles of garbage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
180DAN329h7gqfigs-metonymyכָל־עַ֨ם אֻמָּ֜ה וְ⁠לִשָּׁ֗ן דִּֽי־יֵאמַ֤ר1any people, nation, or language that speaksHere **nation** and **language** represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “any people from any nation, or those who speak any language that says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
181DAN329qb3cיֵאמַ֤ר שלה עַ֣ל אֱלָהֲ⁠ה֗וֹן1speaks anything offensive against the GodAlternate translation: “speaks words that do not respect the God”
182DAN329t5vbהַדָּמִ֣ין יִתְעֲבֵ֔ד1will be torn limb from limbAlternate translation: “must have their bodies torn apart”
183DAN329lw5hלָ֤א אִיתַי֙ אֱלָ֣ה אָחֳרָ֔ן דִּֽי־יִכֻּ֥ל לְ⁠הַצָּלָ֖ה כִּ⁠דְנָֽה1there is no other god who is able to save like thisThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “only their God is able to save like this”
184DAN4introdu520# Daniel 4 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3 and 4:34-35.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The king becomes insane<br><br>The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him.
185DAN41s72gfigs-123person0General Information:In this chapter, Nebuchadnezzar tells what God did to him. In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. Verses 19-33 switch to the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. Verses 34-37 change back to first person as Nebuchadnezzar describes his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
186DAN41ykj3figs-metonymyנְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֗⁠א לְֽ⁠כָל־עַֽמְמַיָּ֞⁠א אֻמַיָּ֧⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּ֛⁠א דִּֽי־דארין בְּ⁠כָל־אַרְעָ֖⁠א1King Nebuchadnezzar to all peoples, nations, and languages that live in all the earthThis introduces the kings message to the people who would receive it. Your language may have a way to introduce a message. Alternate translation: “This is the message from Nebuchadnezzar to all the peoples, nations, and languages that live in all the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
187DAN41sx24figs-metonymyעַֽמְמַיָּ֞⁠א אֻמַיָּ֧⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּ֛⁠א1peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
188DAN41rcl7figs-hyperboleדִּֽי־דארין בְּ⁠כָל־אַרְעָ֖⁠א1that live in all the earthKings would often exaggerate how wide their kingdom was. Nebuchadnezzar did rule over most of the known world at the time this book was written. Alternate translation: “who live in the kingdom of Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
189DAN41ew1jשְׁלָמְ⁠כ֥וֹן יִשְׂגֵּֽא1May your peace aboundThis is a common greeting.
190DAN42t8rlfigs-doubletאָֽתַיָּ⁠א֙ וְ⁠תִמְהַיָּ֔⁠א1the signs and wondersThese words share similar meanings and refer to the amazing things that God had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
191DAN43jyl3figs-parallelismאָת֨וֹ⁠הִי֙ כְּ⁠מָ֣ה רַבְרְבִ֔ין וְ⁠תִמְה֖וֹ⁠הִי כְּ⁠מָ֣ה תַקִּיפִ֑ין1How great are his signs, and how mighty are his wonders!Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are used to emphasize how great Gods signs and wonders are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
192DAN43mz21figs-parallelismמַלְכוּתֵ⁠הּ֙ מַלְכ֣וּת עָלַ֔ם וְ⁠שָׁלְטָנֵ֖⁠הּ עִם־דָּ֥ר וְ⁠דָֽר1His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom,\nand his dominion is from generation to generationBoth of these phrases have the same meaning and are repeated to emphasize how Gods reign is forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
193DAN44xpm6figs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
194DAN44p8ntfigs-parallelismשְׁלֵ֤ה הֲוֵית֙ בְּ⁠בֵיתִ֔⁠י וְ⁠רַעְנַ֖ן בְּ⁠הֵיכְלִֽ⁠י1was at ease in my house and prospering in my palaceThese two phrases are parallel and mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
195DAN44zv52figs-doubletבְּ⁠בֵיתִ֔⁠י…בְּ⁠הֵיכְלִֽ⁠י1in my house … in my palaceThese two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
196DAN45fmk5figs-doubletחֵ֥לֶם…וְ⁠הַרְהֹרִין֙…וְ⁠חֶזְוֵ֥י1a dream … the fantasies and the visions ofThese phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
197DAN45u6n6figs-parallelismוִֽ⁠ידַחֲלִנַּ֑⁠נִי…יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽ⁠נִי1that made me afraid … alarmed meThese phrases are parallel and they mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
198DAN47l5u7figs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
199DAN48aej3figs-activepassiveדִּֽי־שְׁמֵ֤⁠הּ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙1whose name is BelteshazzarIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who I named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
200DAN48dhx3בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר֙1is Belteshazzar**Belteshazzar** was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
201DAN49x1x7וְ⁠כָל־רָ֖ז לָא־אָנֵ֣ס לָ֑⁠ךְ1and that no mystery is too difficult for youThe can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “and you understand the meaning of every mystery”
202DAN410vz2bfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
203DAN410h4t8וְ⁠רוּמֵ֥⁠הּ שַׂגִּֽיא1and its height was greatAlternate translation: “and it was very tall”
204DAN411w5t1writing-symlanguageוְ⁠רוּמֵ⁠הּ֙ יִמְטֵ֣א לִ⁠שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א וַ⁠חֲזוֹתֵ֖⁠הּ לְ⁠ס֥וֹף כָּל־אַרְעָֽ⁠א1Its top reached to heaven, and it was visible to the end of the whole earthThis is symbolic language that exaggerates how tall and how well-known the tree was. Alternate translation: “It seemed that its top reached up to the sky and that everyone in the world could see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
205DAN412c94iוְ⁠אִנְבֵּ֣⁠הּ שַׂגִּ֔יא1its fruit was abundantAlternate translation: “there was a lot of fruit on the tree”
206DAN412bvq7וּ⁠מָז֨וֹן לְ⁠כֹ֖לָּ⁠א־בֵ֑⁠הּ1and in it was food for allAlternate translation: “and in it was food for all people and animals”
207DAN413s8rqfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
208DAN414l1nvfigs-explicitקָרֵ֨א בְ⁠חַ֜יִל וְ⁠כֵ֣ן אָמַ֗ר1He shouted aloud and said thusIt can be made clear that the holy messenger was speaking to more than one person. Alternate translation: “He shouted to some people and said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
209DAN414rd55תְּנֻ֤ד חֵֽיוְתָ⁠א֙ מִן־תַּחְתּ֔וֹ⁠הִי וְ⁠צִפְּרַיָּ֖⁠א מִן־עַנְפֽוֹ⁠הִי1Let the animals flee from under it and the birds from its branchesAlternate translation: “The animals will flee from under it and the bird will fly away from its branches”
210DAN415eb7uעִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֨וֹ⁠הִי֙1stump of its rootsThe **stump** is the part of the tree that is left above the ground after a tree is cut down.
211DAN415e8ljוּ⁠בְ⁠טַ֤ל שְׁמַיָּ⁠א֙1with the dew of heavenThe **dew of heaven** is the moisture that is found on the ground in the mornings.
212DAN416f3wxfigs-pronounsלִבְבֵ⁠הּ֙ מִן־אנוש⁠א יְשַׁנּ֔וֹן וּ⁠לְבַ֥ב חֵיוָ֖ה יִתְיְהִ֣ב לֵ֑⁠הּ1Let his mind be changed from that of a man, and let the mind of an animal be given to himSince the tree represents Nebuchadnezzar, the masculine pronouns “his” and “him” in verse 16 refer to the same tree as the neuter pronoun “it” in verse 15. Alternate translation: “The mans mind will change from a mans mind to an animals mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
213DAN417k6kqfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
214DAN417j1fefigs-activepassiveוּ⁠מֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑⁠א1and the decision is a command of the holy onesIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the holy ones have made this decision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
215DAN417m2npfigs-explicitקַדִּישִׁ֖ין1the holy onesThis phrase probably refers to angels. Alternate translation: “the holy angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
216DAN417y8ihחַ֠יַּיָּ⁠א1the livingAlternate translation: “every living person” or “everyone”
217DAN417aas5יִתְּנִנַּ֔⁠הּ1gives itAlternate translation: “gives the kingdom”
218DAN418kjd4בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֜ר1O Belteshazzar**Belteshazzar** was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
219DAN418jr6iו⁠אנתה כָּהֵ֔ל1But you are ableAlternate translation: “But you are able to interpret it”
220DAN418pl5qרֽוּחַ־אֱלָהִ֥ין קַדִּישִׁ֖ין1the spirit of the holy godsNebuchadnezzar believed that Daniels power came from the false gods that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. These are not the same as “the holy ones” in verse 17. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
221DAN419n8fkfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
222DAN419u9rcfigs-activepassiveדִּֽי־שְׁמֵ֣⁠הּ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֗ר1whose name was BelteshazzarIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who I also named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
223DAN419a33vfigs-explicitאֶשְׁתּוֹמַם֙ כְּ⁠שָׁעָ֣ה חֲדָ֔ה וְ⁠רַעְיֹנֹ֖⁠הִי יְבַהֲלֻנֵּ֑⁠הּ1was appalled for a while, and his thoughts alarmed himDaniels understanding of the meaning of the vision is what alarmed him. This can be explicitly stated. Alternate translation: “did not say anything for some time because he was very worried about the meaning of the dream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
224DAN419kf99חֶלְמָ֥⁠א ל⁠שנאי⁠ך וּ⁠פִשְׁרֵ֥⁠הּ ל⁠ערי⁠ך1may the dream be for those who hate you and its interpretation for your enemiesDaniel is expressing his wish that the dream was not about Nebuchadnezzar, even though he knew that it really was about the king.
225DAN420vj36figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]). Many terms in this verse are almost the same as in [Daniel 4:11](../04/11.md). See how you translated that verse.
226DAN420x69sfigs-hyperboleלִ⁠שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א…לְ⁠כָל־אַרְעָֽ⁠א1to heaven … to all the earthThese phrases are exaggerations to emphasize that everyone everywhere knew how great Nebuchadnezzar was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
227DAN421mm9p0General Information:Many terms in this verse are almost the same as [Daniel 4:12](../04/12.md). See how you translated that verse.
228DAN421rfj9וְ⁠אִנְבֵּ֣⁠הּ שַׂגִּ֔יא1and whose fruit was abundantAlternate translation: “and which bore a great amount of fruit”
229DAN422uq3hאנתה־ה֣וּא מַלְכָּ֔⁠א1it is you, O kingAlternate translation: “This tree represents you, O king”
230DAN422gfs2figs-parallelismוּ⁠רְבוּתָ֤⁠ךְ רְבָת֙ וּ⁠מְטָ֣ת לִ⁠שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א וְ⁠שָׁלְטָנָ֖⁠ךְ לְ⁠ס֥וֹף אַרְעָֽ⁠א1Your greatness has grown and reaches to heaven, and your dominion to the ends of the earthThese two phrases mean similar things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
231DAN422s8jtfigs-personificationוּ⁠רְבוּתָ֤⁠ךְ רְבָת֙1Your greatness has grownThis phrase is using the word **grown** as a way of saying the kings greatness has increased. Alternate translation: “Your greatness has increased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
232DAN423w9s5figs-123person0General Information:This verse is almost the same as [Daniel 4:13-14](./13.md) and [Daniel 4:15-16](./15.md). See how you translated those verses. Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
233DAN423c89tעִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֨וֹ⁠הִי֙1the stump of its rootsThis **stump** is the part of the tree that is left above ground after a tree is cut down.
234DAN423i27pבְּ⁠דִתְאָ֖⁠א דִּ֣י בָרָ֑⁠א1in the tender grass of the fieldAlternate translation: “surrounded by the tender grass of the field”
235DAN423bx4zוּ⁠בְ⁠טַ֧ל שְׁמַיָּ֣⁠א1and … with the dew of heavenThe **dew of heaven** is the moisture that settles on the ground in the mornings.
236DAN424f3tzדִּ֥י מְטָ֖ת עַל1that has come uponAlternate translation: “that you have heard”
237DAN425fd8sfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠לָ֣⁠ךְ טָֽרְדִ֣ין מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֡⁠א1that you will be driven from among menIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that men will drive you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
238DAN425gq52figs-activepassiveוְ⁠עִשְׂבָּ֥⁠א…לָ֣⁠ךְ יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן1You will be made to eat grassIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You will eat grass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
239DAN426fgn1figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
240DAN426tcg3figs-metonymyשַׁלִּטִ֖ן שְׁמַיָּֽ⁠א1Heaven rulesHere **Heaven** refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: “God in heaven is the ruler of all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
241DAN427yna6figs-activepassiveמִלְכִּ⁠י֙ יִשְׁפַּ֣ר עלי⁠ך1let my advice be acceptable to youIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “please accept my advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
242DAN427s3j8figs-metaphorו⁠חטי⁠ך…פְרֻ֔ק1break off your sinsHere rejecting iniquity is spoken of as breaking it off. Alternate translation: “reject your iniquities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
243DAN427j7avfigs-nominaladjעֲנָ֑יִן1the oppressedThis nominal adjective refers to people who are oppressed. Alternate translation: “people who are oppressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
244DAN427a7umfigs-activepassiveתֶּהֱוֵ֥א אַרְכָ֖ה לִ⁠שְׁלֵוְתָֽ⁠ךְ1there may be a prolonging of your prosperityIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God may extend your prosperity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
245DAN428rq19figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
246DAN429jn5hfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
247DAN430p8hifigs-rquestionהֲ⁠לָ֥א דָא־הִ֖יא בָּבֶ֣ל רַבְּתָ֑⁠א דִּֽי־אֲנָ֤ה בֱנַיְתַ⁠הּ֙ לְ⁠בֵ֣ית מַלְכ֔וּ בִּ⁠תְקַ֥ף חִסְנִ֖⁠י וְ⁠לִ⁠יקָ֥ר הַדְרִֽ⁠י1Is this not the great Babylon, which I have built as a royal residence by the might of my power and for the glory of my majesty?Nebuchadnezzar asks this question to emphasize his own glory. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is the great Babylon, which I have built as a royal residence by the might of my power and for the glory of my majesty!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
248DAN430csl9וְ⁠לִ⁠יקָ֥ר הַדְרִֽ⁠י1for the glory of my majestyAlternate translation: “to show people my honor and my greatness”
249DAN431g7xgfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
250DAN431fjl7figs-idiomע֗וֹד מִלְּתָ⁠א֙ בְּ⁠פֻ֣ם מַלְכָּ֔⁠א1While the words were still in the mouth of the kingThis idiom means the king was still in the act of speaking. Alternate translation: “While the king was still speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
251DAN431cv67קָ֖ל מִן־שְׁמַיָּ֣⁠א נְפַ֑ל1a voice fell from heavenAlternate translation: “he heard a voice from heaven”
252DAN431pt4ufigs-activepassiveמַלְכוּתָ֖⁠ה עֲדָ֥ת מִנָּֽ⁠ךְ1the kingdom has departed from youIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will no longer rule over this kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
253DAN432f4usfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠מִן־אֲנָשָׁ⁠א֩ לָ֨⁠ךְ טָֽרְדִ֜ין1You will be driven away from menIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will chase you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
254DAN432m551וּ⁠לְ⁠מַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖א1and … to whom he wishesAlternate translation: “and : to whoever he chooses”
255DAN433ydj8figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
256DAN433xpp3figs-activepassiveבַּ⁠הּ־שַׁעֲתָ֗⁠א מִלְּתָ⁠א֮ סָ֣פַת עַל־נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר֒1Immediately the word was fulfilled against NebuchadnezzarIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This decree against Nebuchadnezzar happened immediately” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
257DAN433chd6figs-activepassiveוּ⁠מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֣⁠א טְרִ֔יד1He was driven away from menIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
258DAN433t4b6וְ⁠טִפְר֥וֹ⁠הִי כְ⁠צִפְּרִֽין1and his nails like the claws of birdsAlternate translation: “and his fingernails looked like birds claws”
259DAN434amm1figs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
260DAN434b17lוְ⁠לִ⁠קְצָ֣ת יֽוֹמַיָּ⁠ה֩1At the end of the daysThis refers back to the seven years in [Daniel 4:32](../04/32.md).
261DAN434ltf5figs-activepassiveוּ⁠מַנְדְּעִ⁠י֙ עֲלַ֣⁠י יְת֔וּב1and my reason returned to meIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and my sanity came back to me” or “and I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
262DAN434ucj3figs-parallelismו⁠ל⁠עלי⁠א בָּרְכֵ֔ת וּ⁠לְ⁠חַ֥י עָלְמָ֖⁠א שַׁבְּחֵ֣ת וְ⁠הַדְּרֵ֑ת1I blessed the Most High, and I praised and glorified him who lives foreverI praised and glorifiedThe two phrases refer to the same action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
263DAN434nk8ufigs-parallelismדִּ֤י שָׁלְטָנֵ⁠הּ֙ שָׁלְטָ֣ן עָלַ֔ם וּ⁠מַלְכוּתֵ֖⁠הּ עִם־דָּ֥ר וְ⁠דָֽר1For his dominion is an everlasting dominion, and his kingdom endures from generation to generationThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize how Gods reign never ends. Alternate translation: “He rules forever and his kingdom will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
264DAN435ce6ufigs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
265DAN435dgr8figs-activepassiveוְ⁠כָל־דארי אַרְעָ⁠א֙ כְּ⁠לָ֣ה חֲשִׁיבִ֔ין1All the inhabitants of the earth are regarded as nothingIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He considers all the earths inhabitants as nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
266DAN435cpy8וְ⁠כָל־דארי אַרְעָ⁠א֙1All the inhabitants of the earthAlternate translation: “All the people on the earth”
267DAN435p415בְּ⁠חֵ֣יל שְׁמַיָּ֔⁠א1among the army of heavenAlternate translation: “among the angel armies in heaven”
268DAN435zpn8וּֽ⁠כְ⁠מִצְבְּיֵ֗⁠הּ1according to his willAlternate translation: “whatever satisfies his purpose” or “anything he wants to do”
269DAN435im6kfigs-explicitוְ⁠לָ֤א אִיתַי֙ דִּֽי־יְמַחֵ֣א בִ⁠ידֵ֔⁠הּ1No one can hold back his handIt may be helpful to add additional detail. Alternate translation: “When he decides to do something, no one can stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
270DAN435ebf8figs-quotationsוְ⁠יֵ֥אמַר לֵ֖⁠הּ מָ֥ה עֲבַֽדְתְּ1or say to him, What have you doneThis can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “or can question what he does” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
271DAN436m6m5figs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
272DAN436rz1dfigs-personificationמַנְדְּעִ֣⁠י ׀ יְת֣וּב עֲלַ֗⁠י1my reason returned to meHere his sanity is spoken of as if it was able to return by its own power. Alternate translation: “I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
273DAN436pb8afigs-personificationהַדְרִ֤⁠י וְ⁠זִוִ⁠י֙ יְת֣וּב עֲלַ֔⁠י1my majesty and my splendor returned to meHere his majesty and splendor are spoken of as if they were able to return by their own power. Alternate translation: “I regained my majesty and my splendor again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
274DAN436nq38figs-doubletהַדְרִ֤⁠י וְ⁠זִוִ⁠י֙1my majesty and my splendorThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
275DAN436c3xyוְ⁠לִ֕⁠י הַדָּֽבְרַ֥⁠י וְ⁠רַבְרְבָנַ֖⁠י יְבַע֑וֹן1My counselors and my noblemen sought meAlternate translation: “My counselors and my noblemen requested my help again”
276DAN436ks6bfigs-metonymyוְ⁠עַל־מַלְכוּתִ֣⁠י הָתְקְנַ֔ת וּ⁠רְב֥וּ יַתִּירָ֖ה ה֥וּסְפַת לִֽ⁠י1and I was reestablished in my kingdom, and surpassing greatness was added to meIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
277DAN437zgl2figs-doubletמְשַׁבַּ֨ח וּ⁠מְרוֹמֵ֤ם וּ⁠מְהַדַּר֙1praise, extol, and honorAll three of these words have basically the same meaning and emphasize how greatly he praised God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
278DAN437g1dffigs-idiomמַהְלְכִ֣ין בְּ⁠גֵוָ֔ה1who walk in prideThis phrase uses **walk** to refer to the person who acts proud. Alternate translation: “who are proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
279DAN5introe9pc0# Daniel 5 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The writing on the wall<br><br>God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin<br>These are words in Aramaic. Daniel “transliterates” these words by writing them with Hebrew letters, and then he explains their meanings. In the ULT and UST they are written with English letters. Translators are encouraged to write them using the letters of the target language alphabet.
280DAN51cc4ztranslate-namesבֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֣ר1Belshazzar**Belshazzar** is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
281DAN51ix8ktranslate-numbersאֲלַ֑ף1a thousand of“1,000 of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
282DAN51tre4וְ⁠לָ⁠קֳבֵ֥ל…חַמְרָ֥⁠א שָׁתֵֽה1and he drank wine in front ofAlternate translation: “and he drank wine in the presence of”
283DAN52gsi3לְ⁠מָאנֵי֙1the vessels ofThese **vessels** were cups and other items that were small enough for a person to hold and to drink from them.
284DAN52lad2figs-metonymyהַנְפֵּק֙ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר אֲב֔⁠וּהִי1Nebuchadnezzar his father had takenHere **Nebuchadnezzar** refers to Nebuchadnezzars army. Alternate translation: “his father Nebuchadnezzars army had taken” or “the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
285DAN53i1zmfigs-activepassiveמָאנֵ֣י דַהֲבָ֔⁠א דִּ֣י הַנְפִּ֗קוּ מִן־הֵֽיכְלָ֛⁠א1the gold vessels that had been taken out of the templeIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the gold containers that the army of Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
286DAN53msp6מִן־הֵֽיכְלָ֛⁠א דִּֽי־בֵ֥ית אֱלָהָ֖⁠א1out of the temple, the house of GodThe phrase **the house of God** tells us something more about the temple. Alternate translation: “out of Gods temple”
287DAN55lkd1בַּ⁠הּ־שַׁעֲתָ֗⁠ה1SuddenlyAlternate translation: “As soon as they did that” or “At that moment”
288DAN55cra1גִּירָ֕⁠א1the plasterThis refers to cement or mud that is spread on walls or ceilings to give them a smooth hard surface when it dries.
289DAN56jn25מַלְכָּ⁠א֙ זִיוֺ֣⁠הִי שְׁנ֔וֹ⁠הִי1the color of the king changedThis change was caused by his fear. Alternate translation: “the kings face became pale”
290DAN56iee9וְ⁠אַ֨רְכֻבָּתֵ֔⁠הּ דָּ֥א לְ⁠דָ֖א נָֽקְשָֽׁן1and his knees knocked togetherThis was the result of his extreme fear.
291DAN57gz5cלְ⁠חַכִּימֵ֣י בָבֶ֗ל1to the wise men of BabylonThis refers back collectively to **the enchanters, the Chaldeans, and the astrologers** in the previous sentence.
292DAN57ybp9figs-activepassiveדִּ֣י כָל־אֱ֠נָשׁ דִּֽי־יִקְרֵ֞ה כְּתָבָ֣⁠ה דְנָ֗ה וּ⁠פִשְׁרֵ⁠הּ֙ יְחַוִּנַּ֔⁠נִי אַרְגְּוָנָ֣⁠א יִלְבַּ֗שׁ ו⁠המונכ⁠א דִֽי־דַהֲבָ⁠א֙ עַֽל־צַוְּארֵ֔⁠הּ1Any man who reads this writing and shows me its intepretation will be clothed with purple and will have a chain of gold around his neckIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give purple clothes and a gold neck chain to whoever explains this writing and its meaning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
293DAN57ms1tfigs-explicitאַרְגְּוָנָ֣⁠א יִלְבַּ֗שׁ1will be clothed with purplePurple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “will be dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
294DAN57x9vitranslate-ordinalוְ⁠תַלְתִּ֥י בְ⁠מַלְכוּתָ֖⁠א יִשְׁלַֽט1and he will be the third ruler in the kingdomAlternate translation: “and he will be the number three ruler in the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
295DAN59n4lntranslate-namesבֵלְשַׁאצַּר֙1Belshazzar**Belshazzar** is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
296DAN59gla9וְ⁠זִיוֺ֖⁠הִי שָׁנַ֣יִן עֲל֑וֹ⁠הִי1and his color changedThe face of the king grew even more pale than in [Daniel 5:6](../05/06.md). Alternate translation: “his face became even more pale”
297DAN59w9stמִֽשְׁתַּבְּשִֽׁין1were perplexedTo be **perplexed** is to be unable to understand, or to be confused.
298DAN510rw3vמַלְכְּתָ֕⁠א1The queenSome modern versions understand this to be a reference to the queen mother, that is, to the kings mother. The queen mother received much honor in ancient Babylon.
299DAN510x55iמַלְכָּ⁠א֙ לְ⁠עָלְמִ֣ין חֱיִ֔י1O King, live forever!This was a normal way to greet the king.
300DAN510zq7cוְ⁠זִיוָ֖י⁠ךְ אַל־יִשְׁתַּנּֽוֹ1Do not let your color changeAlternate translation: “There is no need for your face to look so pale”
301DAN511bql4ר֣וּחַ אֱלָהִ֣ין קַדִּישִׁין֮1the spirit of the holy godsThe queen believed that Daniels power came from the false **gods** that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
302DAN511c4n6וּ⁠בְ⁠יוֹמֵ֣י אֲב֗⁠וּךְ1In the days of your fatherAlternate translation: “When your father was ruling”
303DAN511ss1zfigs-activepassiveנַהִיר֧וּ וְ⁠שָׂכְלְתָנ֛וּ וְ⁠חָכְמָ֥ה כְּ⁠חָכְמַת־אֱלָהִ֖ין הִשְׁתְּכַ֣חַת בֵּ֑⁠הּ1illumination and insight and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he had light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
304DAN512n7wafigs-activepassiveר֣וּחַ ׀ יַתִּירָ֡ה וּ⁠מַנְדַּ֡ע וְ⁠שָׂכְלְתָנ֡וּ מְפַשַּׁ֣ר חֶלְמִין֩ וַֽ⁠אַֽחֲוָיַ֨ת אֲחִידָ֜ן וּ⁠מְשָׁרֵ֣א קִטְרִ֗ין הִשְׁתְּכַ֤חַת בֵּ⁠הּ֙ בְּ⁠דָ֣נִיֵּ֔אל דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥⁠א שָׂם־שְׁמֵ֖⁠הּ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֑ר1an excellent spirit, knowledge, and insight for interpreting dreams, explaining riddles and solving problems were found in this Daniel, whom the king named BelteshazzarIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “this same Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar, had an excellent spirit, knowledge, and insight for interpreting dreams, explaining riddles and solving problems” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
305DAN513hn7gfigs-activepassiveבֵּ⁠אדַ֨יִן֙ דָּֽנִיֵּ֔אל הֻעַ֖ל קֳדָ֣ם מַלְכָּ֑⁠א1Then Daniel was brought before the kingIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then they brought Daniel before the king” or “Then the soldiers brought Daniel before the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
306DAN513sd23figs-metonymyדִּ֥י הַיְתִ֛י מַלְכָּ֥⁠א אַ֖בִ⁠י מִן־יְהֽוּד1whom my father the king brought from JudahIn this phrase **father** is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate translation: “whom my fathers soldiers brought out of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
307DAN514yxu5ר֥וּחַ אֱלָהִ֖ין1the spirit of the godsBelshazzar believed that Daniels power came from the false **gods** that Belshazzar worshiped. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
308DAN514y4eyfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠נַהִיר֧וּ וְ⁠שָׂכְלְתָנ֛וּ וְ⁠חָכְמָ֥ה יַתִּירָ֖ה הִשְׁתְּכַ֥חַת בָּֽ⁠ךְ1and … illumination and insight and excellent wisdom are found in youIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and … you have light and understanding and excellent wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
309DAN515c33vfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠כְעַ֞ן הֻעַ֣לּוּ קָֽדָמַ֗⁠י חַכִּֽימַיָּ⁠א֙ אָֽשְׁפַיָּ֔⁠א1Now the wise men and enchanters have been brought in before meIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Now the wise men and enchanters have come in before me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
310DAN515u817לְ⁠הוֹדָעֻתַ֑⁠נִי1make known to meAlternate translation: “tell me”
311DAN516u2eyfigs-activepassiveאַרְגְּוָנָ֣⁠א תִלְבַּ֗שׁ ו⁠המונכ⁠א דִֽי־דַהֲבָ⁠א֙ עַֽל־צַוְּארָ֔⁠ךְ1you will be clothed with purple and have a gold chain placed around your neckIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will give you purple clothes and a gold neck chain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
312DAN516iyy2figs-explicitאַרְגְּוָנָ֣⁠א תִלְבַּ֗שׁ1you will be clothed with purplePurple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “you will be dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
313DAN516pud4translate-ordinalוְ⁠תַלְתָּ֥א בְ⁠מַלְכוּתָ֖⁠א תִּשְׁלַֽט1and you will be the third ruler in the kingdom“and you will be the number three ruler of the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
314DAN517evt4מַתְּנָתָ⁠ךְ֙ לָ֣⁠ךְ לֶֽהֶוְיָ֔ן1Let your gifts be for yourselfAlternate translation: “I do not want your gifts”
315DAN519l2ngfigs-hyperboleכֹּ֣ל עַֽמְמַיָּ֗⁠א אֻמַיָּ⁠א֙ וְ⁠לִשָּׁ֣נַיָּ֔⁠א1all peoples, nations, and languagesThis phrase uses the word **all** as a generalization that represents a large number. Alternate translation: “a great number of people, of different nations and languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
316DAN519q693figs-metonymyכֹּ֣ל עַֽמְמַיָּ֗⁠א אֻמַיָּ⁠א֙ וְ⁠לִשָּׁ֣נַיָּ֔⁠א1peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
317DAN519bqb5figs-doubletהֲו֛וֹ זאעין וְ⁠דָחֲלִ֖ין מִן־קֳדָמ֑וֹ⁠הִי1trembled and feared before himThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of the fear. Alternate translation: “were very afraid of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
318DAN519ka6vfigs-metonymyדִּֽי־הֲוָ֨ה צָבֵ֜א הֲוָ֣א קָטֵ֗ל1Whom he wished, he killedThis phrase does not mean King Nebuchadnezzar put people to death himself, but rather those he commanded. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his soldiers to kill those he wanted to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
319DAN519t7riוְ⁠דִֽי־הֲוָ֤ה צָבֵא֙ הֲוָ֣ה מָרִ֔ים1Whom he wished, he raised upAlternate translation: “He raised up those he wanted to raise up”
320DAN519db8zוְ⁠דִֽי־הֲוָ֥ה צָבֵ֖א הֲוָ֥ה מַשְׁפִּֽיל1and whom he wished, he humbledAlternate translation: “and he humbled those he wished to humble”
321DAN520zu9pfigs-synecdocheרִ֣ם לִבְבֵ֔⁠הּ1his heart was lifted upHere **heart** refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king was arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
322DAN520g3wqfigs-synecdocheוְ⁠רוּחֵ֖⁠הּ תִּֽקְפַ֣ת1and his spirit was hardenedHere **spirit** refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “and the king was hardened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
323DAN520bbj6figs-metaphorוְ⁠רוּחֵ֖⁠הּ תִּֽקְפַ֣ת1and his spirit was hardenedthe stubbornness of the king is spoken of as if he were **hardened**. Alternate translation: “and the king became stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
324DAN520w2txלַ⁠הֲזָדָ֑ה1so that he acted presumptuouslyHe was rudely and overly confident.
325DAN520nl2nfigs-metonymyהָנְחַת֙ מִן־כָּרְסֵ֣א מַלְכוּתֵ֔⁠הּ1he was brought down from his kingly throneHere “throne” refers to his authority to rule. Alternate translation: “his authority was taken away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
326DAN520z3bmfigs-activepassiveהָנְחַת֙ מִן־כָּרְסֵ֣א מַלְכוּתֵ֔⁠הּ1he was brought down from his kingly throneIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the people took away his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
327DAN521sl3gfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠מִן־בְּנֵי֩ אֲנָשָׁ֨⁠א טְרִ֜יד1He was driven away from the sons of mankindIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
328DAN521v3b5figs-metonymyוְ⁠לִבְבֵ֣⁠הּ ׀ עִם־חֵיוְתָ֣⁠א שוי1and his mind was made like that of an animalHere **mind** represents his thoughts. Alternate translation: “and he thought as an animal thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
329DAN521amq8וּ⁠מִ⁠טַּ֥ל שְׁמַיָּ֖⁠א1with the dew of heavenThe **dew** is the moisture that is found on the ground in the mornings.
330DAN521m4naוּ⁠לְ⁠מַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖ה1whom he wishesAlternate translation: “whomever he chooses”
331DAN522z72qtranslate-namesבֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֔ר1Belshazzar**Belshazzar** was the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
332DAN522ij2gfigs-synecdocheלָ֥א הַשְׁפֵּ֖לְתְּ לִבְבָ֑⁠ךְ1have not humbled your heartHere **heart** refers to Belshazzar himself. Alternate translation: “have not humbled yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
333DAN523fmz3figs-metaphorוְ⁠עַ֣ל מָרֵֽא־שְׁמַיָּ֣⁠א ׀ הִתְרוֹמַ֡מְתָּ1Instead, you have lifted yourself up against the Lord of heavenTo rebel against God is spoken of as raising oneself up against him. Alternate translation: “Instead, you have rebelled against the Lord of heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
334DAN523qc6hfigs-explicitדִֽי־בַיְתֵ֜⁠הּ1of his houseWhat and where “his house” is can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from his temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
335DAN523kj78figs-metonymyוְ⁠לֵֽ⁠אלָהָ֞⁠א דִּֽי־נִשְׁמְתָ֥⁠ךְ בִּ⁠ידֵ֛⁠הּ1but … the God in whose hand is your breathHere “breath” refers to life and “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “but … the God who gives you breath” or “but … the God who has control over your entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
336DAN523th44וְ⁠כָל־אֹרְחָתָ֥⁠ךְ לֵ֖⁠הּ1and whose are all your waysAlternate translation: “and everything you do”
337DAN524i8fsfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠כְתָבָ֥⁠א דְנָ֖ה רְשִֽׁים1and this writing was inscribedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and it wrote this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
338DAN525rcy6figs-activepassiveוּ⁠דְנָ֥ה כְתָבָ֖⁠א דִּ֣י רְשִׁ֑ים1This is the writing that was inscribedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “This is the message that the hand wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
339DAN525ea1ktranslate-transliterateמְנֵ֥א מְנֵ֖א תְּקֵ֥ל וּ⁠פַרְסִֽין1Mene, Mene, Tekel, and PharsinThese are the Aramaic words that were written on the wall. Spell these words with the sounds that fit your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
340DAN526tg8vמְנֵ֕א מְנָֽה־אֱלָהָ֥⁠א1Mene, God has numberedAlternate translation: “Mene means God has numbered”
341DAN527q5ivתְּקֵ֑ל תְּקִ֥ילְתָּה1Tekel, you are weighedAlternate translation: “Tekel means you are weighed”
342DAN527sg5zfigs-metaphorתְּקִ֥ילְתָּה בְ⁠מֹֽאזַנְיָ֖⁠א וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֥חַתְּ חַסִּֽיר1you have been weighed on the scales and found lackingJudging the worthiness of the king to rule is spoken of as weighing him. This means that the king is not worthy to rule. Alternate translation: “your worthiness to rule has been judged, and you have been found to be unworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
343DAN527avaefigs-activepassiveתְּקִ֥ילְתָּה בְ⁠מֹֽאזַנְיָ֖⁠א וְ⁠הִשְׁתְּכַ֥חַתְּ חַסִּֽיר1you have been weighed on the scales and found lackingIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has examined your worthiness to rule, and he has found that you are not worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
344DAN528jb22פְּרֵ֑ס1Peres**Peres** is the singular form of “Pharsin” in 5:25.
345DAN528b18pפְּרֵ֑ס פְּרִיסַת֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔⁠ךְ1Peres, your kingdom has been dividedAlternate translation: “Peres means your kingdom has been divided”
346DAN528j1p8figs-activepassiveפְּרִיסַת֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔⁠ךְ וִ⁠יהִיבַ֖ת לְ⁠מָדַ֥י וּ⁠פָרָֽס1your kingdom has been divided and given to the Medes and PersiansIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has divided your kingdom and given it to the Medes and Persians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
347DAN529j9jgtranslate-namesבֵּלְשַׁאצַּ֗ר1Belshazzar**Belshazzar** was the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
348DAN529uvj8figs-activepassiveו⁠המונכ⁠א דִֽי־דַהֲבָ֖⁠א עַֽל־צַוְּארֵ֑⁠הּ1A chain of gold was put around his neckIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They put a chain of gold around his neck” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
349DAN529nfx6translate-ordinalשַׁלִּ֛יט תַּלְתָּ֖א1the third ruler“the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
350DAN531c2bjקַבֵּ֖ל מַלְכוּתָ֑⁠א1received the kingdomAlternate translation: “became the ruler of the kingdom”
351DAN6introa1xc0# Daniel 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nSome translations set the content of letters farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the letter in 6:25-27.\n\nSome translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in the letter in 6:26-27.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Daniel and the lions\n\nDaniel was thrown into the lions den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all.
352DAN61xf5z0Connecting Statement:The events in this chapter take place after the Persians conquered the Babylonians and Darius the Mede began to rule in Babylon.
353DAN61y6y9שְׁפַר֙ קֳדָ֣ם דָּרְיָ֔וֶשׁ1It pleased DariusAlternate translation: “King Darius decided”
354DAN61a1zktranslate-numbersלַ⁠אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֖⁠א מְאָ֣ה וְ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֑ין1120 satraps“one hundred and twenty provincial governors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
355DAN62q0vwוְ⁠עֵ֤לָּא מִנְּ⁠הוֹן֙1Over them wereThe word **them** refers to the 120 satraps.
356DAN62u9kbוּ⁠מַלְכָּ֖⁠א לָֽא־לֶהֱוֵ֥א נָזִֽק1so that the king might suffer no lossAlternate translation: “so that nothing should be stolen from the king” or “so that no one would steal anything from the king”
357DAN63ygu7הֲוָ֣א מִתְנַצַּ֔ח עַל1became distinguished aboveAlternate translation: “excelled above” or “was more capable than”
358DAN63aig7figs-synecdocheר֤וּחַ יַתִּירָא֙ בֵּ֔⁠הּ1an extraordinary spirit was in himHere **spirit** refers to Daniel. It means he had was unusually capable. Alternate translation: “he was an exceptional person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
359DAN63ef6fר֤וּחַ יַתִּירָא֙1an extraordinary spiritThis **spirit** enabled him do better than the other leaders.
360DAN63ry6mלַ⁠הֲקָמוּתֵ֖⁠הּ עַל1to appoint him overAlternate translation: “to give him authority over” or “to put him in charge of”
361DAN64ex6lfigs-explicitאֱדַ֨יִן סָֽרְכַיָּ֜⁠א וַ⁠אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֗⁠א הֲו֨וֹ בָעַ֧יִן עִלָּ֛ה לְ⁠הַשְׁכָּחָ֥ה לְ⁠דָנִיֵּ֖אל מִ⁠צַּ֣ד מַלְכוּתָ֑⁠א1Then the high officials and the satraps were seeking to find a ground for accusation against Daniel with regard to the kingdomThe other administrators were jealous of Daniel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Then the other chief administrators and the provincial governors became jealous. So they looked for mistakes in the work Daniel did for the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
362DAN64rl5pfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠כָל־עִלָּ֨ה וּ⁠שְׁחִיתָ֜ה לָא־יָכְלִ֣ין לְ⁠הַשְׁכָּחָ֗ה1but they were not able to find any ground for accusation or corruptionIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but they could find no mistakes or negligence in his work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
363DAN65ek64לְ⁠דָנִיֵּ֥אל דְּנָ֖ה כָּל־עִלָּ֑א1any ground for accusation against this DanielAlternate translation: “any reason to complain about Daniel”
364DAN66ll7vלְ⁠עָלְמִ֥ין חֱיִֽי1live forever!This was a normal way to greet a king.
365DAN67bw29כָל־דִּֽי־יִבְעֵ֣ה בָ֠עוּ1whoever makes a petitionAlternate translation: “whoever makes a request”
366DAN67l2iqfigs-activepassiveיִתְרְמֵ֕א לְ⁠גֹ֖ב אַרְיָוָתָֽ⁠א1shall be thrown into the den of lionsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “your soldiers must throw that person into the den of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
367DAN67h7ipלְ⁠גֹ֖ב אַרְיָוָתָֽ⁠א1into the den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where **lions** were kept.
368DAN68nj570Connecting Statement:In verse 8, the administrators continue to speak to the king.
369DAN68i7m4לָ֥א תֶעְדֵּֽא1may not be revokedAlternate translation: “cannot be canceled”
370DAN610i5vvוְ֠⁠דָנִיֵּאל כְּ⁠דִ֨י יְדַ֜ע דִּֽי־רְשִׁ֤ים כְּתָבָ⁠א֙1Now when Daniel knew that the document had been signedIt is important to the story to state clearly that Daniel knew about the new law before he prayed to God.
371DAN610r7ulwriting-backgroundוְ⁠כַוִּ֨ין פְּתִיחָ֥ן לֵ⁠הּ֙ בְּ⁠עִלִּיתֵ֔⁠הּ נֶ֖גֶד יְרוּשְׁלֶ֑ם1now his windows were open in his roof chamber toward JerusalemThis is background information that explains how Daniels enemies knew he was praying to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
372DAN612gwm4הֲ⁠לָ֧א אֱסָ֣ר רְשַׁ֗מְתָּ דִּ֣י כָל־אֱנָ֡שׁ דִּֽי־יִבְעֵה֩ מִן־כָּל־אֱלָ֨הּ וֶֽ⁠אֱנָ֜שׁ עַד־יוֹמִ֣ין תְּלָתִ֗ין לָהֵן֙ מִנָּ֣⁠ךְ מַלְכָּ֔⁠א יִתְרְמֵ֕א לְ⁠ג֖וֹב אַרְיָותָ֑⁠א1Did you not sign an injunction that any man who makes a petition to any god or man within thirty days, except to you, O king, must be thrown into the den of lions?They asked this question to make the king confirm that he had made the decree.
373DAN612div1לְ⁠ג֖וֹב אַרְיָותָ֑⁠א1into the den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where **lions** were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
374DAN613c3arדִּ֣י דָנִיֵּ֡אל דִּי֩ מִן־בְּנֵ֨י גָלוּתָ֜⁠א דִּ֣י יְה֗וּד1Daniel, who is one of the people of the exile from JudahThis is not a respectful way of referring to **Daniel**. They intentionally used this phrase to avoid giving Daniel the respect he was due as a chief administrator.
375DAN613jia1דִּי֩ מִן־בְּנֵ֨י גָלוּתָ֜⁠א דִּ֣י יְה֗וּד1who is one of the people of the exile from JudahAlternate translation: “who is an immigrant from Judah”
376DAN613l8ebfigs-idiomלָא־שָׂ֨ם עלי⁠ך1pays no attention to youThis idiom means he ignores the king. Alternate translation: “does not obey you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
377DAN614u8lhfigs-metonymyוְ⁠עַ֧ל דָּנִיֵּ֛אל שָׂ֥ם בָּ֖ל לְ⁠שֵׁיזָבוּתֵ֑⁠הּ1and he set his mind on Daniel to deliver himHere **mind** refers to his thinking. Alternate translation: “and he thought very hard about how to rescue Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
378DAN615d92jfigs-explicitכָל־אֱסָ֥ר וּ⁠קְיָ֛ם דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֥⁠א יְהָקֵ֖ים לָ֥א לְ⁠הַשְׁנָיָֽה1no injunction or statute that the king establishes can be changedThe men were implying that since no decree or statute of the king can be changed, Daniel must be thrown into the pit of lions. This can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “no injunction or statute that the king establishes can be changed. They must throw Daniel into the pit of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
379DAN616zny2וְ⁠הַיְתִיו֙ לְ⁠דָ֣נִיֵּ֔אל וּ⁠רְמ֕וֹ1and Daniel was brought in and thrownAlternate translation: “and his soldiers went and got Daniel and thew him”
380DAN616q3wcלְ⁠גֻבָּ֖⁠א דִּ֣י אַרְיָוָתָ֑⁠א1into the den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where **lions** were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
381DAN616a268אֱלָהָ֗⁠ךְ דִּ֣י אנתה פָּֽלַֽח־לֵ⁠הּ֙ בִּ⁠תְדִירָ֔⁠א ה֖וּא יְשֵׁיזְבִנָּֽ⁠ךְ1Your God, whom you serve continually, may he deliver youThe king is expressing his desire for God to save Daniel.
382DAN616jd6xה֖וּא יְשֵׁיזְבִנָּֽ⁠ךְ1may he deliver youAlternate translation: “may he save you from the lions”
383DAN617szf5גֻּבָּ֑⁠א1the denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
384DAN617xjj7figs-explicitוְ⁠חַתְמַ֨⁠הּ מַלְכָּ֜⁠א בְּ⁠עִזְקְתֵ֗⁠הּ וּ⁠בְ⁠עִזְקָת֙ רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹ⁠הִי דִּ֛י לָא־תִשְׁנֵ֥א צְב֖וּ בְּ⁠דָנִיֵּֽאל1and the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the signet rings of his nobles so that nothing might be changed concerning DanielThe function of the signet ring can be stated clearly. The king and the noblemen pressed their rings into a seal made of wax. Alternate translation: “and the king pressed his signet ring into a wax seal, the nobles did this too. No one was allowed to break the seal and help Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
385DAN617p5t2לָא־תִשְׁנֵ֥א צְב֖וּ בְּ⁠דָנִיֵּֽאל1nothing might be changed concerning DanielAlternate translation: “no one could help Daniel”
386DAN618un1jtranslate-symactionוּ⁠בָ֣ת טְוָ֔ת1and spent the night fastingThis symbolic act showed that the king was worried about Daniel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
387DAN618a3xdfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠דַחֲוָ֖ן לָא־הַנְעֵ֣ל קָֽדָמ֑וֹ⁠הִי1No entertainment was brought before himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He did not have anyone entertain him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
388DAN618sb8rfigs-personificationוְ⁠שִׁנְתֵּ֖⁠הּ נַדַּ֥ת עֲלֽוֹ⁠הִי1and his sleep fled from himHere **sleep** is spoken of as if it could run away from the king. Alternate translation: “and he did not sleep at all that night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
389DAN619e2wcלְ⁠גֻבָּ֥⁠א דִֽי־אַרְיָוָתָ֖⁠א1to the den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where **lions** were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
390DAN622qn4tfigs-activepassiveזָכוּ֙ הִשְׁתְּכַ֣חַת לִ֔⁠י1I was found blamelessIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he knows that I have done nothing wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
391DAN623r1egגֻּבָּ֑⁠א1the denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
392DAN623qf7qfigs-activepassiveוְ⁠כָל־חֲבָל֙ לָא־הִשְׁתְּכַ֣ח בֵּ֔⁠הּ1and no harm was found on himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and they did not find any wounds on Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
393DAN624qwh3וְ⁠לָֽא־מְט֞וֹ לְ⁠אַרְעִ֣ית גֻּבָּ֗⁠א עַ֠ד דִּֽי1and they had not reached the bottom of the den beforeAlternate translation: “and before they reached the floor of the lions den”
394DAN625ty2gfigs-metonymyעַֽמְמַיָּ֞⁠א אֻמַיָּ֧⁠א וְ⁠לִשָּׁנַיָּ֛⁠א1the peoples, nations, and languagesHere **nations** and **languages** represent people from different **nations** who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “the people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
395DAN625rl1dfigs-hyperboleבְּ⁠כָל־אַרְעָ֖⁠א1in all the earthKing Darius wrote his message to his entire kingdom which was huge. Here it says **all the earth** as a generalization to emphasis how large his kingdom was, though it did not include everyone on the earth. Alternate translation: “in his entire kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
396DAN625zkz8שְׁלָמְ⁠כ֥וֹן יִשְׂגֵּֽא1May your peace aboundThis is a form of greeting that is used to wish someone well in all areas of life.
397DAN626m5v60Connecting Statement:This continues to state the message that Darius sent to everyone in his kingdom.
398DAN626n6v5figs-doubletזאעין וְ⁠דָ֣חֲלִ֔ין1tremble and fearThese two words are similar and can be combined. Alternate translation: “shake with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
399DAN626s8vaאֱלָהֵ֣⁠הּ דִּי־דָֽנִיֵּ֑אל1the God of DanielAlternate translation: “the God that Daniel worships”
400DAN626ma86figs-parallelismה֣וּא ׀ אֱלָהָ֣⁠א חַיָּ֗⁠א וְ⁠קַיָּם֙ לְ⁠עָ֣לְמִ֔ין1he is the living God and enduring foreverThe two phrases **the living God** and **enduring forever** express the same concept, that God lives forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
401DAN626xw4kfigs-parallelismוּ⁠מַלְכוּתֵ⁠הּ֙ דִּֽי־לָ֣א תִתְחַבַּ֔ל וְ⁠שָׁלְטָנֵ֖⁠הּ עַד־סוֹפָֽ⁠א׃\n\n1and his kingdom is one which will not be destroyed,\nand his dominion will be to the endThese two phrases are parallel, emphasizing how Gods kingdom will never end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
402DAN626s6ylfigs-activepassiveוּ⁠מַלְכוּתֵ⁠הּ֙ דִּֽי־לָ֣א תִתְחַבַּ֔ל1and his kingdom is one which will not be destroyedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and no one will destroy his kingdom” or “and his kingdom will last forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
403DAN626fcy1וְ⁠שָׁלְטָנֵ֖⁠הּ עַד־סוֹפָֽ⁠א1and his dominion will be to the endAlternate translation: “and he will rule forever”
404DAN627bld2דִּ֚י שֵׁיזִ֣יב לְ⁠דָֽנִיֵּ֔אל מִן־יַ֖ד אַרְיָוָתָֽ⁠א1he who has delivered Daniel from the power of the lionsAlternate translation: “he has not allowed the strong lions to hurt Daniel”
405DAN628a5brבְּ⁠מַלְכ֣וּת דָּרְיָ֑וֶשׁ וּ⁠בְ⁠מַלְכ֖וּת כּ֥וֹרֶשׁ פרסי⁠א1during the reign of Darius and during the reign of Cyrus the Persian**Cyrus the Persian** was the king who ruled after **Darius**.
406DAN7introe18x0# Daniel 7 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 7:9-10, 13-14, and 23-27.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The four beasts<br><br>There will be four successive kingdoms before Yahweh sets up his eternal kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])<br><br>### The Son of Man<br><br>God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from the books. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
407DAN71cw4awriting-symlanguage0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniels vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
408DAN71dme80BelshazzarThis was the name of Nebuchadnezzars son, who became king after him. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
409DAN71xdv1figs-doublet0a dream and visionsThe words “dream” and “visions” both refer to the same dream that is described in this chapter. Alternate translation: “visions while he was dreaming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
410DAN72mjk70the four winds of heavenAlternate translation: “winds from everywhere” or “strong winds from all four directions”
411DAN72b48l0stirring upAlternate translation: “whipped up” or “agitated” or “caused high waves in”
412DAN74z5hdwriting-symlanguage0The first was like a lion but had eagles wingsThis was a symbolic creature, and not an animal that exists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
413DAN74a7n9figs-activepassive0its wings were torn off and it was lifted from the ground and made to stand on two feet, like a manIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone tore off its wings and lifted it up from the ground and made it stand on two feet like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
414DAN74y6v7figs-metonymy0The mind of a man was given to itHere “mind” refers to thinking. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
415DAN75eqm9writing-symlanguage0a second animal, like a bearThis was not an actual bear, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a bear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
416DAN75i32b0ribslarge curved bones of the chest that connect to the spine
417DAN75c38pfigs-activepassive0It was toldIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone told it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
418DAN76fl2zwriting-symlanguage0another animal, one that looked like a leopardThis was not an actual leopard, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a leopard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
419DAN76h4iawriting-symlanguage0four wings … four headsThe four wings and four heads are symbols, but their meaning is unclear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
420DAN76y1jd0it had four headsAlternate translation: “the animal had four heads”
421DAN76jpn1figs-activepassive0It was given authority to ruleIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it authority to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
422DAN77g1ajwriting-symlanguage0a fourth animal … it had ten hornsThis is also not an actual animal. It is a symbolic creature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
423DAN77w7ww0trampled underfootAlternate translation: “walked on and crushed”
424DAN78j87pfigs-metonymy0the hornsTranslators may write a footnote like this: “Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
425DAN78ga8dfigs-activepassive0Three of the first horns were wrenched out by the rootsIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The little horn tore out three of the first horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
426DAN78d113figs-synecdoche0a mouth that was boasting about great thingsHere the horn was boasting, using its mouth to do so. Alternate translation: “the horn had a mouth and boasted about doing great things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
427DAN79dge1writing-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT and UST present them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
428DAN79hw4vfigs-activepassive0thrones were set in placeIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone set thrones in their places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
429DAN79xvt90the Ancient of DaysThis is a title for God that means he is eternal. Alternate translation: “the One Who Has Lived Forever” or “the One Who Has Always Lived”
430DAN79rc8y0took his seat … His clothing … the hair of his headThis passage describes God as sitting down, with clothing and hair like a person. This does not mean that God really is like this, but it is how Daniel saw God in a vision.
431DAN79crh4figs-idiom0took his seatThis is an idiom that means he sat down. Alternate translation: “sat down on his throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
432DAN79imw80His clothing was as white as snowHis clothing is compared to snow to show that it was very white. Alternate translation: “His clothing was very white”
433DAN79d5iffigs-simile0the hair of his head was like pure woolSomething about Gods hair looked like pure wool. This could mean: (1) it was very white or (2) it was thick and curly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
434DAN79jf7e0pure woolAlternate translation: “clean wool” or “wool that is washed”
435DAN79c4le0His throne was flames … its wheels were burning fireThis describes the throne of God and its wheels as if they were made of fire. The words “flames” and “burning fire” mean basically the same thing and can be translated the same way.
436DAN79lhh40its wheelsIt is unclear why Gods throne is described as having wheels. Thrones normally do not have wheels, but the text clearly states that this throne has some kind of wheels. Use a general term for “wheels” if possible.
437DAN710rab3figs-metaphor0A river of fire flowed out from before himThe quick way in which fire came from the presence of God is spoken of as if it was water flowing in a river. Alternate translation: “Fire poured out in front of him like water in a river” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
438DAN710z1dt0before himThe word “him” refers to God, the Ancient of Days from [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
439DAN710gka40millionsThis probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “thousands of thousands” or “great numbers of people”
440DAN710f9kw0one hundred millionThis probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “tens of thousands times tens of thousands” or “uncountable numbers of people”
441DAN710h5d30The court was in sessionThis means that God, the judge, was ready to investigate the evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “The judge was ready to judge” or “The judge was seated”
442DAN710pyd50the books were openedThese are the books that contain the evidence to be used in court. Alternate translation: “the books of evidence were opened”
443DAN711g8lsfigs-activepassive0the animal was killed … to be burned upIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they killed the fourth animal, destroyed its body, and gave it to someone to burn it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
444DAN711tqd6figs-explicit0the animal was killedThe animal was killed because the judge determined that it was guilty. Alternate translation: “they executed the animal” or “the judge commanded and they killed the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
445DAN711pms30the animalThis refers to the fourth animal that had the ten horns and the horn that spoke boastfully. Alternate translation: “the most frightening animal” or “the animal that had the boastful horn”
446DAN712ayx90the rest of the four animalsIt may be helpful to your readers to say, “the other three animals.”
447DAN712dj5pfigs-activepassive0their authority to rule was taken awayIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the judge took away their authority to rule” or “their authority to rule ended” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
448DAN712ru76figs-activepassive0their lives were prolonged for a period of timeIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they continued to live for a period of time” or “the judge let them live a little longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
449DAN713lvf2writing-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
450DAN713j5t6figs-simile0I saw one coming … like a son of manThe person that Daniel saw was not a normal man, but had a human figure like a man. “I also saw that night someone coming who resembled a son of man, that is, he had a human figure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
451DAN713n5qi0with the clouds of heavenAlternate translation: “with the clouds of the sky”
452DAN713ln6w0the Ancient of DaysThis refers to God who is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md)
453DAN713pjn2figs-activepassive0was presented before himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they presented this son of man to the Ancient of Days” or “he stood before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
454DAN714ai49figs-activepassive0Authority to rule and glory and royal power were given to himIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The one who looked like a son of man received authority to rule, glory, and royal power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
455DAN714yv4q0royal powerThis, here, refers to “authority.”
456DAN714hc6kfigs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
457DAN714z6xffigs-parallelism0will not pass away … will never be destroyedThese two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
458DAN714sl8kfigs-activepassive0that will never be destroyedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
459DAN715xt3dfigs-parallelism0my spirit was grieved inside of me … the visions I saw in my mind troubled meThese two phrases describe how Daniel was feeling. The second one gives more information about the first one, explaining about his grieved spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
460DAN715g5s3figs-synecdoche0my spirit was grieved inside of meHere “my spirit” refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “I was very sad inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
461DAN716z2w10one of them standing thereThis is one of the heavenly beings who were standing before Gods throne. This could mean: (1) these are angels, spirits who serve God (2) these are people who have died and are now in heaven.
462DAN716fhe10to show meAlternate translation: “to tell me” or “to explain to me”
463DAN716x45a0these thingsAlternate translation: “the things I had seen”
464DAN717mw570These large animals, four in number,Alternate translation: “These four large animals”
465DAN717s2iv0are four kingsAlternate translation: “represent four kings”
466DAN717e2vwfigs-idiom0four kings that will arise from the earthHere “from the earth” means they are real people. Alternate translation: “four kings who will come to power on the earth” or “four men who will rise up from among the people of the earth and become kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
467DAN718tz290they will possess itAlternate translation: “they will rule over it”
468DAN718x83sfigs-doublet0forever and everThis repetition of ideas emphasizes that this kingdom will never come to an end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
469DAN719qj780very horrifyingAlternate translation: “very frightening”
470DAN719fq880trampled onAlternate translation: “walked on and crushed”
471DAN720e5t10the ten horns on its headAlternate translation: “the ten horns on the head of the fourth animal”
472DAN720vi4r0grew up, and before which the three horns fell downAlternate translation: “grew up, and about the three horns that fell down in front of it” or “grew up, and about the three horns that fell down because of it”
473DAN720vjs9figs-euphemism0before which the three horns fell downHere “fell down” is a euphemism that means they were destroyed.” Alternate translation: “which destroyed the three horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
474DAN720frj10the mouth that boastedAlternate translation: “its mouth that boasted” or “the mouth of the new horn, that boasted”
475DAN720f4250that seemed greater than its companionsthe horn with the eyes and a mouth seemed to be greater than the other horns
476DAN721xcl90this horn“this fourth horn.” This refers to the horn that is described in [Daniel 7:20](../07/20.md).
477DAN722pxx4figs-activepassive0until the Ancient of Days came, and justice was givenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until the Ancient of Days came and brought justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
478DAN722dui70Ancient of DaysThis is a title for God that emphasizes that he is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
479DAN722em4nfigs-activepassive0the holy people received the kingdomIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave his kingdom to his holy people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
480DAN723ec9xwriting-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 23-27 is symbolic language. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
481DAN723mv4h0This is what that person saidThis is the person that Daniel approached in [Daniel 7:16](../07/16.md).
482DAN723p7zf0that person saidAlternate translation: “that person answered”
483DAN723lqc90As for the fourth animalAlternate translation: “Concerning the fourth animal” or “Now, about the fourth animal”
484DAN723t6gafigs-metaphor0It will devour … it into piecesThis does not mean the fourth kingdom will destroy the planet, but that it will brutally attack, conquer, and destroy all other kingdoms on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
485DAN724x4nc0As for the ten hornsAlternate translation: “Concerning the ten horns” or “Now, about the ten horns”
486DAN724cn9pfigs-explicit0out of this kingdom ten kings will ariseThey will rule one after the other. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “ten kings will rule over this fourth kingdom, one after another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
487DAN724iw64figs-explicit0another will arise after themThis other king is not one of the ten. It may be helpful to refer to him as “the eleventh king.” Alternate translation: “after that an eleventh king will become powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
488DAN724qun40He will be different from the previous onesAlternate translation: “He will be different from the other ten kings”
489DAN724x7hxfigs-explicit0he will conquer the three kingsHe will defeat three of the original ten kings. It may be helpful to state that those three kings are represented by the three horns that were pulled out. Alternate translation: “he will defeat the three kings that were represented by the three horns that were pulled out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
490DAN725xih7figs-idiom0He will speak words against the Most HighThis means that the newest king will openly disagree with and say bad things about the Most High. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
491DAN725ce610He will try … into his handThe words “He” and “his” refer to the newest king, not the Most High.
492DAN725nt2f0the holy peopleAlternate translation: “Gods holy people”
493DAN725w16z0change the festivals and the lawBoth terms refer to the law of Moses. The festivals were an important part of the religion of Israel in the Old Testament.
494DAN725hn8pfigs-metonymy0These things will be given into his handHere “his hand” refers to his control. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The newest king will control the religous festivals and laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
495DAN725dnu40one year, two years, and half a yearThis means “three and half years.” This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. Try to translate it in a way that preserves this way of counting. Alternate translation: “one year plus two years plus six months”
496DAN726is1x0the court will be in sessionThis means that the judge will be ready to investigate evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “the judge will judge” or “The judge will sit down”
497DAN726iln20they will take his royal power awayAlternate translation: “the members of the court will take the royal power away from the newest king”
498DAN726j3ya0royal powerThis, here, refers to “authority.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 7:14](../07/14.md).
499DAN726plf7figs-activepassive0to be consumed and destroyed at the endIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and consume and destroy it in the end” or “and completely destroy his royal power in the end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
500DAN727hh11figs-activepassive0The kingdom and the dominion … will be given to the peopleIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will give the kingdom and the dominion … to the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
501DAN727c6lffigs-doublet0The kingdom and the dominionThese two terms mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this will concern all forms of official authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
502DAN727p5c7figs-abstractnouns0the greatness of the kingdomsIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **greatness**, you can express the same idea with an adjective such as “great.” Alternate translation: “everything that is great about the kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
503DAN727ry7efigs-idiom0of the kingdoms under the whole heavenThe idiom “under the whole heaven” refers to the kingdoms on earth. Alternate translation: “of all the kingdoms on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
504DAN727eti40His kingdomAlternate translation: “The kingdom of the Most High”
505DAN727t3ct0an everlasting kingdomAlternate translation: “a kingdom that will exist forever” or “a kingdom that will never end”
506DAN728v6mq0Here is the end of the matterThis means that Daniel has finished describing the vision. Alternate translation: “That is what I saw in my vision” or “This is the end of the description of what I saw in my vision”
507DAN728am3a0my face changed in appearanceAlternate translation: “my face became pale”
508DAN8introcbk60# Daniel 8 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The vision of the ram and the male goat<br><br>Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
509DAN81rft5writing-symlanguage0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniels vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
510DAN81b6kbtranslate-ordinal0In the third year“In year three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
511DAN81er4q0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
512DAN81h9fwwriting-background0had a vision appear to me (after the one … first)This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniels second vision. Alternate translation: “had a second vision appear to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
513DAN82t4xy0fortressa walled city that was guarded and protected
514DAN82m8kvtranslate-names0Susa … Elam … Ulai CanalThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
515DAN82jfs10CanalA canal is a narrow man-made waterway.
516DAN83kh4swriting-symlanguage0a ram with two hornsIt is normal for rams to have two horns. These horns, however, have symbolic meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
517DAN83buj10but the longer … passed up in length by itAlternate translation: “but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it”
518DAN84wrr20I saw the ram chargingAlternate translation: “I saw the ram rushing” or “I saw the ram running very quickly”
519DAN84s49efigs-metonymy0to rescue anyone out of his handRams do not have hands. Here “hand” refers to the rams power. Alternate translation: “to rescue anyone from him” or “to rescue anyone from his power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
520DAN85npd3figs-hyperbole0across the surface of the whole earthThe phrase “the whole earth” is an exaggeration that means he came from far away. Alternate translation: “from far away across the surface of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
521DAN85jv2jfigs-explicit0The goat had a large horn between his eyesGoats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: “The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
522DAN86ith50in a powerful rageAlternate translation: “and it was very angry”
523DAN87u36k0trampledto crush something by stepping on it
524DAN87hh820the ram from his powerAlternate translation: “the ram from the goat because of his power”
525DAN88kr6f0the goat became very largeAlternate translation: “the goat became very large and strong”
526DAN88pt9jfigs-activepassive0the large horn was brokenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “something broke off the large horn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
527DAN88z9lmfigs-idiom0toward the four winds of the heavensHere “the four winds of heaven” is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: “in four different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
528DAN89ys250but which became very largeAlternate translation: “but it became very large”
529DAN89i3jg0in the south, in the east, and in the land of beautyThis probably means it pointed in those directions. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “and pointed toward the south and then toward the east and then toward the beautiful land of Israel”
530DAN89umn2figs-idiom0the land of beautyThis is a reference to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
531DAN810pkh2figs-personification0It became so large as to engage in warHere the horn is given qualities of a person and is engaging in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
532DAN810h6exfigs-activepassive0Some of that army … thrown down to the earthIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: The horn threw some of that army and some of the stars down to the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
533DAN810iq57figs-personification0it trampled on themHere the horn is given qualities of a person that tramples on the stars and on the army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
534DAN811akq6figs-personification0General Information:The horn is given qualities of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
535DAN811x2bs0Connecting Statement:Daniel continues describing his vision of the horn ([Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md)).
536DAN811r2zzfigs-explicit0the commander of the armyThis refers to God himself, who is the leader of the angel army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
537DAN811i4px0It took away from him the regular burnt offeringHere “took away” means the horn stopped the offering. Here “him” refers to God, the commander of the army. Alternate translation: “It stopped the people from making their regular burnt offering to him”
538DAN811c2s4figs-activepassive0the place of his sanctuary was pollutedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it defiled his sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
539DAN812y31hfigs-metaphor0The horn will throw truth down to the groundThe horn ignoring truth and godliness is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: “The horn will reject the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
540DAN813lj180holy oneAlternate translation: “angel”
541DAN813b9yz0the handing over of the sanctuaryAlternate translation: “the surrender of the sanctuary”
542DAN813xj3ifigs-activepassive0heavens army being trampled onIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the horn trampling on heavens army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
543DAN814ed38translate-numbers02,300 evenings and mornings“Two thousand three hundred evenings and mornings.” Here “evenings and mornings” is a merism that refers to everything in between, which means full days. Alternate translation: “2,300 sunsets and sunrises” or “2,300 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
544DAN814j3q30the sanctuary will be put rightAlternate translation: “the temple will be purified and set in order again”
545DAN816h4dzfigs-synecdoche0a mans voice calling between the banks of the Ulai CanalHere a man is being referred to by his voice. Alternate translation: “a man calling from the Ulai Canal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
546DAN816c8qg0Ulai CanalA canal is a narrow man-made waterway. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 8:2](../08/02.md).
547DAN817c9ystranslate-symaction0prostrated myself on the groundThis is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
548DAN817v6y50the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end.
549DAN818c89u0a deep sleepThis is a type of sleep when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily.
550DAN819v9etfigs-explicit0the time of wrathThis refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the time when God judges in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
551DAN819zif50the appointed time for the endAlternate translation: “the time when the world will end”
552DAN820bi9vwriting-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represent human rulers and kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
553DAN820zfr20two horns—they areAlternate translation: “two horns—they represent”
554DAN820k8n7figs-metonymy0the kings of Media and PersiaThis could mean: (1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or (2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: “the kingdoms of Media and Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
555DAN821j9y9figs-metonymy0the king of GreeceThis could mean: (1) this refers to the king of Greece or (2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Greece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
556DAN821h37i0The large horn between his eyes isAlternate translation: “The large horn between his eyes represents”
557DAN822j764writing-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
558DAN822qtr70As for the horn that was broken … four others aroseAlternate translation: “Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose”
559DAN822c6qnfigs-explicit0four kingdoms will arise from his nationThe four horns represent the four new kingdoms. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they represent the four kingdoms into which the kingdom of the first king will be divided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
560DAN822z39i0but not with his great powerAlternate translation: “but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn”
561DAN823gk830At the latter time of those kingdomsAlternate translation: “As those kingdoms approach their end”
562DAN823t2i50shall have reached their limitAlternate translation: “have reached their full” or “have run their course”
563DAN823x2ku0grim-facedThis means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey.
564DAN824fm5ewriting-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
565DAN824ue1c0but not by his own powerAlternate translation: “but someone else will give him his power”
566DAN825yq8rfigs-personification0he will make deceit prosperHere “deceit” is spoken of as if it is a person who will prosper. Alternate translation: “the amount of deception will increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
567DAN825u9tgfigs-metonymy0under his handHere “hand” refers to his rule. Alternate translation: “under his rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
568DAN825f6qi0King of kingsThis refers to God.
569DAN825asi1figs-metonymy0he will be brokenHere “he” refers to his power. Alternate translation: “his rule will end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
570DAN825cxx3figs-metonymy0not by any human handHere “hand” refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “not by any human power” or “by divine power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
571DAN826cer6figs-metaphor0seal up the visionThe angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: “close and seal up what you have written about the vision” or “do not tell anyone about the vision now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
572DAN827us1l0was overcome and lay weak for several daysAlternate translation: “was exhausted and lay in bed sick for several days”
573DAN827c42h0went about the kings businessAlternate translation: “did the work that the king had assigned to me”
574DAN827v7gd0I was appalled by the visionAlternate translation: “I was dismayed by the vision” or “I was very confused by the vision”
575DAN9introsz7n0# Daniel 9 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Daniel told the future<br><br>Gabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26<br><br>This passage uses the expressions “seventy sevens of years,” “seven sevens and sixty-two sevens,” and “sixty-two sevens of years” to denote ““490 years,” “49 years and then 434 years,” and “434 years,” respectively. The original language uses the idea of a “week” to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers.
576DAN91a2ic0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 were not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king. Chapter 9 now returns to the events of the reign of Darius who became king in chapter 6.
577DAN91lvl3writing-background0It was Ahasuerus who had been made king over the realm of the BabyloniansThis is background information about who Ahasuerus was. The UST places this in parentheses to make that clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
578DAN91y3g6figs-activepassive0who had been made king over the realm of the BabyloniansIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who became king over the realm of the Babylonians” or “who conquered the Babylonians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
579DAN91m6bc0over the realmAlternate translation: “over the country” or “over the kingdom”
580DAN92h1p20YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
581DAN92y2g1translate-numbers0there would be seventy years until Jerusalems abandonment would end“from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
582DAN92zrc40abandonmentthis means no one would help or rebuild Jerusalem during that time
583DAN93xi1vfigs-metonymy0I turned my face to the Lord GodHere “face” represents Daniels attention. Alternate translation: “I focused my attention on the Lord God” or “I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
584DAN93v1yifigs-metaphor0to seek himThose who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
585DAN93ni5ztranslate-symaction0fasting, wearing sackcloth, and sitting in ashesThese are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
586DAN94waz80I made confession of our sinsAlternate translation: “I confessed our sins”
587DAN94q4bd0you are the one who keeps the covenant and is faithful to love thoseAlternate translation: “you do what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those”
588DAN95bz6lfigs-parallelism0We have sinned and have done what is wrongThese two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
589DAN95ie62figs-parallelism0We have acted wickedly and we have rebelledThese two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
590DAN95fu8vfigs-doublet0your commands and decreesThe words “commands” and “decrees” share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
591DAN96x5whfigs-metonymy0We have not listened to your servantsHere “not listened” means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
592DAN96hp4wfigs-metonymy0spoke in your nameHere “name” refers to Gods authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
593DAN96et6z0the people of the landHere “land” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
594DAN97fy69figs-metaphor0To you, Lord, belongs righteousnessBeing righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
595DAN97x7i6figs-metaphor0To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the peopleBeing ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
596DAN97k8fafigs-exclusive0To us todayThe word “us” includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
597DAN97kk5yfigs-idiom0belongs shame on our facesThis idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
598DAN97u1gy0because of the great treachery that we committed against youAlternate translation: “because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”
599DAN99vqm3figs-metaphor0To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgivenessHaving these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: “The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
600DAN910kf4gfigs-metonymy0We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our GodHere “voice” refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
601DAN911b68wfigs-idiom0turned asideThe words “turned aside” mean that Israel stopped obeying Gods laws. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
602DAN911qk6kfigs-activepassive0that are written in the law of MosesIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Moses wrote about in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
603DAN911n3rzfigs-metaphor0have been poured out on usThe abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were poured out like water. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you have brought upon us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
604DAN912n2ngfigs-idiom0For under the whole of heavenThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “For in the whole world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
605DAN912l46lfigs-activepassive0there has not been done anything“nothing has been done.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing has happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
606DAN912vbx2figs-activepassive0what has been done to JerusalemIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what you have done to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
607DAN913c1fbfigs-activepassive0As it is written in the law of MosesIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
608DAN913sk3zfigs-idiom0turning away from our iniquitiesHere stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: “stopping our evil actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
609DAN914dxb50Yahweh has kept the disaster readyAlternate translation: “Yahweh has prepared this disaster”
610DAN914up2afigs-metonymy0we have not obeyed his voiceHere “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “we have not done what he told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
611DAN915wi6xfigs-metonymy0with a mighty handHere “mighty hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “with great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
612DAN915k82d0you have made a famous name for yourself, as in this present dayAlternate translation: “you caused people to know how great you are, as you still do today”
613DAN915u2zsfigs-parallelism0still we sinned; we have done wicked thingsThese two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
614DAN915h9adfigs-exclusive0we sinned; we have done wicked thingsDaniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, but “we” does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
615DAN916zd1kfigs-doublet0your anger and your wrathThe words “anger” and “wrath” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how terrible Gods anger is when he acts on it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
616DAN916g4t80your holy mountainThis mountain may be holy because Gods temple is there. Alternate translation: “the mountain where your holy temple is”
617DAN916t4wbfigs-exclusive0our sins … our ancestorsHere “our” refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
618DAN916qcc30an object of scornAlternate translation: “a target of disrespect”
619DAN917e6hv0NowThis does not mean “at this moment”, but it is a way to show that the next phase in Daniels prayer is about to start.
620DAN917u437figs-123person0your servant … his pleas for mercyThe words “your servant” and “his” here refer to Daniel. He speaks about himself in the third person as a sign of respect for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
621DAN917ndy10pleas for mercyAlternate translation: “requests for mercy”
622DAN917a4vqfigs-metaphor0make your face shine onThe writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahwehs face shone a light. Alternate translation: “act kindly toward” or “act with favor toward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
623DAN917b52l0your sanctuaryThis refers to the temple in Jerusalem.
624DAN918sv8afigs-idiom0open your ears and listenTo “open the ears” is an idiom that means to listen. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniels desire for God to listen to his prayer. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
625DAN918jqa4figs-idiom0open your eyes and seeTo “open the eyes” is an idiom that means to see. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniels desire for God to pay attention to his prayer. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
626DAN918gw8ifigs-metonymy0is called by your nameHere “name” represents ownership. Alternate translation: “is your city” or “belongs to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
627DAN919y5zw0do not delayThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “act quickly”
628DAN920n3ma0my people IsraelAlternate translation: “the people of Israel to whom I belong”
629DAN921tmu9figs-explicit0the man GabrielThis is the same angel Gabriel who appeared in the form of a man in [Daniel 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Gabriel, who appeared as a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
630DAN921m9dw0in the vision at the firstThis may refer to the first vision that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate translation: “in the previous vision” or “in the vision I saw before” or “in a vision before”
631DAN921ud8s0flew down to me in rapid flightAlternate translation: “flew down to me quickly”
632DAN921i2as0at the time of the evening sacrificeThe Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down.
633DAN922i4ukfigs-doublet0insight and understandingThe words “insight” and “understanding” mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
634DAN923bj8wfigs-activepassive0the order was givenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave the order” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
635DAN923ke8t0consider this wordAlternate translation: “think about this message”
636DAN923dn8d0the revelationThis refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md).
637DAN924tn7g0Seventy sevens are decreed for your people and your holy city toGod decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city.
638DAN924x7sx0Seventy sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “Seventy times seven years”
639DAN924vmn4figs-you0your people and your holy cityThe word “your” here refers to Daniel. The people are the Israelites and the holy city is Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
640DAN924v75sfigs-parallelism0to end the guilt and put an end to sinThe idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
641DAN924dt4sfigs-idiom0to carry out the visionHere “carry out” is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: “to accomplish the vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
642DAN924z31hfigs-doublet0the vision and the prophecyThese words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiahs vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
643DAN925hg9s0and sixty-two sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “seven times seven years … and sixty-two times seven years”
644DAN925z58tfigs-doublet0Know and understandThese words are used together to make the importance clear. Alternate translation: “You must clearly understand” or “You must know for sure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
645DAN925cc6stranslate-symaction0the anointed oneAnointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
646DAN925mg6r0seven sevens … and sixty-two sevensThese added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24.
647DAN925tg7zfigs-activepassive0Jerusalem will be rebuiltIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People will rebuild Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
648DAN925gs6w0moata deep ditch around a city or building, usually with water in it
649DAN925q3nq0the times of distressAlternate translation: “a time of great trouble”
650DAN926t9v50sixty-two sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. See how you translated this number in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “sixty-two times seven”
651DAN926pru6figs-activepassive0the anointed one will be destroyed and will have nothingIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people will destroy the anointed one and he will have nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
652DAN926nzv40the anointed oneAnointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses”
653DAN926bn3z0a coming rulerThis is a foreign ruler, not “the anointed one.” Alternate translation: “a foreign ruler who will come” or “a powerful ruler who will come”
654DAN926hpa8figs-metaphor0Its end will come with a floodThe army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a flood destroys things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
655DAN926ite5figs-activepassive0Desolations have been decreedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary” or “God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
656DAN927a45k0He will … he willThis refers to the coming ruler who will destroy the anointed one.
657DAN927zqk40one seven … In the middle of the sevenHere “seven” is used to refer to a period of seven years. Alternate translation: “seven years … Halfway through the seven years”
658DAN927rr1b0put an end toAlternate translation: “stop” or “halt”
659DAN927jsh2figs-doublet0the sacrifice and the offeringThese words basically mean the same thing. The repetition is to show that the ruler will prevent all types of sacrifices. Alternate translation: “all forms of sacrificing” or “every type of offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
660DAN927e962figs-metonymy0the wing of abominationsThis may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called “abominations” because they are full of idols. Alternate translation: “the walls of the temple that are full of abominations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
661DAN927l2670someone who makes desolateAlternate translation: “a person who completely destroys”
662DAN927i8lkfigs-activepassive0A full end and destruction are decreed to be poured outIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has decreed that he will pour out a full end and destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
663DAN927x6c9figs-doublet0A full end and destructionThese two words or expressions are basically the same. They emphasize how serious and complete the destruction will be. Alternate translation: “Complete destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
664DAN927t53m0the one who has made the desolationAlternate translation: “the person who caused the destruction”
665DAN10introrcw20# Daniel 10 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
666DAN101if3jtranslate-ordinal0the third year of Cyrus king of Persia“year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
667DAN101mci4figs-activepassive0a message was revealed to DanielThis can also be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God revealed a message to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
668DAN101vf8c0insightthe ability to understand more than what can be seen
669DAN103xqe90delicaciesThese are expensive or rare kinds of food. Alternate translation: “fancy foods”
670DAN103af3y0until the completion of three entire weeksAlternate translation: “until the end of three entire weeks”
671DAN104s7nctranslate-hebrewmonths0On the twenty-fourth day of the first monthThis is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
672DAN105p8b10with a belt around his waistAlternate translation: “and he was wearing a belt”
673DAN105q62ttranslate-names0UphazUphaz is a place. Its location is not known (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
674DAN106pv61figs-simile0His body was like topazHis body gleamed with blue or yellow light as if it were made of topaz. Alternate translation: “his body gleamed like topaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
675DAN106yce20topaza blue or yellow gemstone, also known as beryl, peridot, or chrysolite
676DAN106e9xcfigs-simile0his face was like lightningHis face shone brightly as a bolt of lightning shines. Alternate translation: “his face shone with light as bright as the flash of lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
677DAN106v1ewfigs-simile0His eyes were like flaming torchesHis eyes were bright with light as if they were flaming torches. Alternate translation: “his eyes were so bright that it seemed they had torches burning inside them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
678DAN106ugr5figs-simile0his arms and his feet were like polished bronzeHis arms and feet were as shiny as if they were made of polished bronze. Alternate translation: “his arms and feet shone like polished bronze that reflects the light around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
679DAN106vkv7figs-simile0The sound of his words was like the sound of a great crowdHis voice was so loud that it was as if a crowd of people were all talking loudly. Alternate translation: “his voice was as loud as a huge crowd all calling out together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
680DAN108gpj1figs-activepassive0So I was left alone and sawIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “No one was with me, and I saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
681DAN108tiw7figs-activepassive0my bright appearance was turned into a ruined lookIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “my bright appearance turned into looking ruined” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
682DAN108pp1zfigs-idiom0my bright appearanceThis describes the face of someone who is healthy. Alternate translation: “my healthy-looking face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
683DAN108fy67figs-metaphor0a ruined lookSomeones unhealthy, pale face is spoken of as if it were a ruined building. Alternate translation: “pale” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
684DAN109kc4lfigs-idiom0I fell on my face in deep sleepPossible meanings are: (1) Daniel was so scared by what he saw that he deliberately laid on the ground, where he then fainted or (2) Daniel fainted and then fell forward onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
685DAN1010q7sgfigs-synecdoche0A hand touched meHere a persons hand represents that person, probably the man whom Daniel saw in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md). Alternate translation: “Someone touched me with his hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
686DAN1011uuf2figs-activepassive0Daniel, man greatly treasuredThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
687DAN1011r2td0greatly treasuredmuch valued and loved
688DAN1012xbp60you set your mind to understandAlternate translation: “you determined to understand the vision”
689DAN1012n99afigs-activepassive0your words were heardThis can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God heard your words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
690DAN1013qc850princeHere this refers to a spirit who has authority over a human nation. Alternate translation: “spirit prince”
691DAN1013rag20the kings of PersiaThis probably refers to the various kings who ruled over nations in the Persian Empire, and who had to obey the king of Persia.
692DAN1013as4y0Michael, one of the chief princesAlternate translation: “Michael, on of the chief angels” or “Michael, one of the archangels”
693DAN1015lq7d0I turned my face toward the ground“I looked at the ground.” Daniel may have done this to show humble reverence, or because he was afraid.
694DAN1016dt5j0One who was like the sons of manThis may refer to the one who had just spoken to Daniel. However, some versions interpret it as referring to a different person. Alternate translation: “This one, who looked like a human”
695DAN1016wv9efigs-idiom0like the sons of manHere this expression refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: “like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
696DAN1016na7s0agonysevere emotional suffering
697DAN1017t4pnfigs-rquestion0I am your servant. How can I talk with my master?Daniel asks this question meaning that he cannot speak to the angel because he is not the angels equal. These sentences can be combined. Alternate translation: “I am not able to answer you because I am only your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
698DAN1017by59figs-idiom0there is no breath left in meThis idiom refers to breathing. Alternate translation: “I cannot breathe” or “its very hard to breathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
699DAN1018wh3x0the one with an appearance of a manAlternate translation: “the one who looked like a human”
700DAN1019j55a0Be strong now, be strongThe words “be strong” are repeated for emphasis.
701DAN1019w36nfigs-activepassive0man greatly treasuredThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
702DAN1019u5hyfigs-activepassive0I was strengthenedThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I became strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
703DAN1020tku10the prince of PersiaHere “prince” refers to a spirit who rules and guards a human nation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md). Alternate translation: “the spirit prince of Persia”
704DAN1021k4rhfigs-explicit0But I will tell youThis implies that the angel will tell Daniel about this immediately, before he goes away. Alternate translation: “But first I will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
705DAN1021gx6afigs-activepassive0what is written in the Book of TruthIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what the Book of Truth says” or “what someone wrote in the Book of Truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
706DAN1021f6mz0who shows himself to be strongAlternate translation: “who proves himself to be strong”
707DAN1021x9us0There is no one who shows himself to be strong with me against them, except Michael your princeAlternate translation: “Michael your prince is the only one to show himself strong with me against them” or “Michael your prince is the only one who helps me against them”
708DAN1021t5rlfigs-you0Michael your princeThe word “your” is plural. It refers to Daniel and the rest of the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Michael, the prince of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
709DAN1021p2z50Michael your prince“Michael your guardian angel.” Translate “prince” when it refers to Michael as you did [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md).
710DAN11introee960# Daniel 11 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the South will fight many wars against each other. The king of the South is probably a reference to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
711DAN111iik80General Information:In Daniel 11:1 through 12:4, the one who was speaking to Daniel in chapter 10 tells him what is written in the book of truth. This is as he said he would do in [Daniel 10:21](../10/21.md).
712DAN111rm8afigs-explicit0In the first year of DariusDarius was the King of the Medes. “The first year” refers to the first year that he was king. Alternate translation: “In the first year of the reign of Darius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
713DAN112eq9g0Three kings will arise in PersiaAlternate translation: “Three kings will rule over Persia”
714DAN112ed2ctranslate-ordinal0a fourth will be far richer than all the others“after them a fourth king will come into power who will have more money than the three before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
715DAN112dk4x0powerThis could mean: (1) authority or (2) military power.
716DAN112e62r0he will stir up everyoneAlternate translation: “he will cause everyone to want to fight”
717DAN113l9xyfigs-metaphor0A mighty king will rise upThe idea of rising up or standing is often used for someone who becomes powerful. Alternate translation: “A mighty king will begin to reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
718DAN113xg790who will rule a very great kingdomThis could mean: (1) that the size of this kingdom would be very great, or (2) that the king would rule his kingdom with very great power.
719DAN114ti9pfigs-activepassive0his kingdom will be broken and dividedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his kingdom will break apart and divide” or “his kingdom will break apart into pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
720DAN114ewb20the four winds of heavenSee how you translated this in [Daniel 7:2](../07/02.md).
721DAN114v3mcfigs-ellipsis0but not to his own descendantsThe idea of not being divided and shared out is implied here. Alternate translation: “but it will not be divided for his own descendants” or “but it will not be shared by his own descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
722DAN114a3z5figs-activepassive0his kingdom will be uprooted for others besides his descendantsThe kingdom is spoken of as if it were a plant that someone destroyed by uprooting it. This idea can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “another power will uproot and destroy his kingdom and others who are not his descendants will rule over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
723DAN115xd9k0one of his commanders will become even stronger than he and will rule his kingdom with great powerA commander of the king of the South will become the king of the North.
724DAN116lv1j0they will make an allianceThe king of the South will make an alliance with the king of the North. This alliance would be a formal agreement that both nations are required to follow. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and the king of the North will promise to work together”
725DAN116n6pd0The daughter of the king of the South will come … to confirm the agreementThe king of the South will give his daughter in marriage to the king of the North. The marriage will confirm the agreement between the two kings.
726DAN116lf4zfigs-metaphor0her arms strength … his armHere “arm” stands for power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
727DAN116d6vsfigs-activepassive0She will be abandonedThis appears to refer to a plot to kill her and those who made the alliance. This phrase may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “They will abandon her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
728DAN117dvw9figs-metaphor0a branch from her rootsThis family is spoken of as if it were a tree. The roots represent ancestors, and the branch represents a descendant. Alternate translation: “a descendant of her ancestors” or “one of her descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
729DAN117rfw30her rootsThe word “her” refers to the daughter of the king of the South in [Daniel 11:6](../11/06.md).
730DAN117u8jkfigs-synecdoche0He will attack the armyThe word “he” refers to her descendant, and here it also refers to his army. Alternate translation: “He and his army will attack the army of the king of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
731DAN117jj5j0He will fight themHere “them” represents the soldiers of the enemy army. Alternate translation: “He will fight the enemy soldiers”
732DAN119lpm60but he will withdrawThe word “he” refers to the king of the North.
733DAN1110b8ne0His sonsAlternate translation: “The sons of the king of the North”
734DAN1110d4ad0assemble a great armyAlternate translation: “gather together many men who can fight in battles”
735DAN1110t3xufigs-simile0will flood everythingThe way the large army covers the land will be like a flood of water. Alternate translation: “will be so great in number that they will cover all the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
736DAN1111z45y0will raise up a great armyAlternate translation: “will assemble a great army”
737DAN1111wzt8figs-activepassive0the army will be given into his handHere “hand” represents the control of the king of the South. Alternate translation: “the king will surrender the army to the king of the South” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
738DAN1112dv6kfigs-activepassive0The army will be carried offThis may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “The king of the South will capture the army of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
739DAN1112sc8afigs-metaphor0will be lifted upBeing lifted up represents the idea of becoming very proud. Alternate translation: “will become very proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
740DAN1112yul2figs-metonymy0will make tens of thousands to fallHere falling represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: “will have his army kill many thousands of his enemies” or “will kill many thousands of his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
741DAN1112tj1utranslate-numbers0tens of thousands“many thousands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
742DAN1113lhx7figs-activepassive0a great army supplied with much equipmentThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a great army that has much equipment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
743DAN1114d4rtfigs-metaphor0many will rise against the kingHere the idea of rising up represents rebelling. Alternate translation: “many people will rebel against the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
744DAN1114l5gpfigs-metaphor0Sons of the violentThis expression stands for violent people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
745DAN1114rd3tfigs-metaphor0they will stumbleHere stumbling represents failing. Alternate translation: “they will not succeed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
746DAN1115eu1nfigs-synecdoche0The king of the North will comeHere “king of the North” includes his army also. Alternate translation: “The army of the king of the North will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
747DAN1115tqb10pour out earth for siege moundsThis refers to the piling up of earth in order for soldiers to reach the height of city walls in order to attack them. Soldiers and slaves would put loose earth in baskets, carry them to the right place, and pour it out in order to raise the mounds.
748DAN1115f3vi0fortificationswalls and other things built to defend a city or fort from enemy soldiers
749DAN1115em5hfigs-metonymy0will not be able to standHere standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate translation: “will not be able to keep fighting against them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
750DAN1116nm4j0the one who comes will act according to his desires against himAlternate translation: “the invading king will do whatever he wants against the other king”
751DAN1116zl4ifigs-metonymy0He will stand inHere standing represents ruling. Alternate translation: “The king will begin to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
752DAN1116d31f0the land of beautyThis refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md).
753DAN1116bmr3figs-metaphor0destruction will be in his handHere “destruction” represents the power to destroy. Also, the power to destroy is spoken of as if it were something that someone could hold in his hand. Alternate translation: “he will have power to destroy anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
754DAN1117cr5ffigs-idiom0set his faceThis is an idiom for a person deciding to do something and not being willing to change his mind. Alternate translation: “decide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
755DAN1117hz1pfigs-metonymy0come with the strength of his entire kingdomThis probably refers to military power. Alternate translation: “come with the force of all his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
756DAN1117pl8vfigs-idiom0a daughter of womenThis is an elegant way of saying “a woman.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
757DAN1118y98a0will end his arroganceAlternate translation: “will make the king of the North stop being arrogant”
758DAN1118t5p90will cause his arrogance to turn back upon himAlternate translation: “will cause the king of the North to suffer because he was arrogant toward others”
759DAN1119ef5y0he will pay attentionAlternate translation: “the king of the North will pay attention”
760DAN1119x9wdfigs-idiom0he will not be foundThis is a way of saying that he will die. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will disappear” or “he will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
761DAN1120kdc5figs-metaphor0someone will rise up in his placeRising up in a kings place represents becoming king in place of the previous king. Alternate translation: “another man will become king of the North instead of that king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
762DAN1120j9ngfigs-explicit0will make a tax collector pass throughThe tax collector will go through the land forcing people to pay taxes. Alternate translation: “will send someone to make the people pay taxes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
763DAN1120c17cfigs-metaphor0he will be brokenHere “he” refers to the new king. Being broken represents dying. Alternate translation: “the new king will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
764DAN1120j9t5figs-metaphor0but not in angerThis could mean: (1) no one was angry at the king, or (2) that the occasion and cause of the kings death were kept secret. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
765DAN1121jzb9figs-activepassive0a despised person to whom the people will not have given the honor of royal powerThe people will refuse to acknowledge him as king because he is not a descendant of kings. Alternate translation: “a person whom the people will despise and will not honor as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
766DAN1122h918figs-activepassive0An army will be swept away like a flood from before himBeing swept away represents being destroyed. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His army will completely destroy a great army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
767DAN1122pp6nfigs-activepassive0Both that army and the leader of the covenant will be destroyedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He will destroy that army and the leader of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
768DAN1122kdw50the leader of the covenant“the leader of the priests.” This phrase refers to the person who filled the most important religious position that God required in his covenant, that of the high priest.
769DAN1123ws3qfigs-activepassive0From the time an alliance is made with himThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When other rulers make a peace treaty with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
770DAN1124ml780will spread among his followersAlternate translation: “will distribute to his followers”
771DAN1124e41l0the booty, the plunder, and the wealthAlternate translation: “the valuable things that he and his army take from the people they defeat”
772DAN1125gu4afigs-personification0He will wake up his power and his heartPower and heart (that is, courage) are spoken of as if they were people whom someone could wake up in order to make them act. Alternate translation: “He will make himself powerful and will become courageous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
773DAN1125xr4ifigs-metaphor0heartHere this represents courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
774DAN1125l4sg0with a great armyAlternate translation: “with a great army that he will assemble”
775DAN1125iy350will wage warAlternate translation: “will fight against him”
776DAN1125a8rnfigs-metaphor0he will not standNot standing represents being defeated. Alternate translation: “the king of the South will be defeated” or “his army will be defeated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
777DAN1126q6x3figs-metonymy0those who eat his fine foodThis refers to the kings advisers. It was usual for a kings most trusted advisers to eat meals with him. Alternate translation: “the kings best advisers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
778DAN1126ia23figs-metaphor0His army will be swept away like a floodHere the severe defeat of an army is spoken of as a flood of water that completely sweeps it away. Alternate translation: “The enemy will completely defeat his army” or “His enemy will completely destroy his army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
779DAN1126vhr4figs-idiom0many of them will fall killedHere “fall” is an idiom that refers to dying in battle, so “fall” and “killed” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “many of his soldiers will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
780DAN1127uf6ffigs-metaphor0with their hearts set on evil against each otherHere “heart” represents a persons desires. Desires are spoken of here as if they were an object that someone could set or place in a certain position. Alternate translation: “each determined to do evil to the other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
781DAN1127hy3ifigs-metonymy0will sit at the same tableSitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
782DAN1127l9y80but it will be of no useAlternate translation: “but their talking will not help them”
783DAN1127yqf8figs-activepassive0For the end will come at the time that has been fixedThis tells why their meetings will not be successful. Alternate translation: “The result of their actions will only come at the time that God has fixed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
784DAN1128gj2cfigs-metonymy0riches, with his heart set against the holy covenantHere “heart” represents the mind or thoughts of a person. The idiom “his heart set against” means to be determined to oppose something. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “riches. He will be determined to oppose the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
785DAN1128bn8yfigs-metonymy0with his heart set against the holy covenantThe kings desire to act against the holy covenant represents his desire to stop the Israelites from obeying that covenant. Alternate translation: “determined to stop the Israelites from obeying the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
786DAN1128x22z0the holy covenantHere “holy” describes Gods covenant with Israel. It implies that the covenant should be honored and obeyed because it comes from God himself. Alternate translation: “Gods covenant, which all the Israelites should obey”
787DAN1128cg5dfigs-explicit0He will actThis implies that the king will do certain actions in Israel. Alternate translation: “He will do what he wants to in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
788DAN1130ql6sfigs-metonymy0ships of Kittim will come against himThe ships represent the army coming in those ships. Alternate translation: “an army will come from Kittim in ships in order to fight his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
789DAN1130vt1jtranslate-names0KittimThis may refer to a settlement on the island of Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
790DAN1130n36n0He will be furious against the holy covenantAlternate translation: “He will hate the holy covenant”
791DAN1130y4cm0will show favor to thoseAlternate translation: “will act in favor for those” or “will help those”
792DAN1131n2xyfigs-idiom0His forces will rise up“His army will appear” or “His army will come.” The word “His” refers to the king of the North. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
793DAN1131cjf50the fortress sanctuaryAlternate translation: “the sanctuary that the people use as a fortress”
794DAN1131gq2gfigs-metaphor0They will take away the regular burnt offeringTaking away the offering represents preventing people from offering it. Alternate translation: “They will stop the priests from presenting the regular burnt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
795DAN1131e91vfigs-idiom0the abomination that causes desolationThis refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
796DAN1132g7nd0acted wickedly against the covenantAlternate translation: “wickedly disobeyed the covenant”
797DAN1132qcz60corrupt themAlternate translation: “persuade them to do evil”
798DAN1132th7nfigs-metonymy0who know their GodHere “know” means “be faithful.” Alternate translation: “who are faithful to their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
799DAN1132v4tg0will be strong and will take actionAlternate translation: “will be firm and resist them”
800DAN1133fs3lfigs-metaphor0they will stumble by the sword and by flameHere “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. Here “sword” represents battles and warfare, and “flame” represents fire. Alternate translation: “they will die in battle and by burning to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
801DAN1133i91v0theyThis refers to the wise persons among the Israelites.
802DAN1133kc6hfigs-metaphor0they will stumble into captivity and into being robbed for daysHere “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. The phrase “being robbed” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will become slaves and their enemies will rob them of their possessions for days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
803DAN1134ji6cfigs-activepassive0they will be helped with a little helpThis may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “others will give them a little help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
804DAN1134z23f0In hypocrisy many will join themselves with themThis refers to other people who will pretend to help the wise persons, but not because they truly wish to help them.
805DAN1134w3l4figs-metaphor0will join themselvesHere “join themselves” represents “come to help.” Alternate translation: “will come to help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
806DAN1135u9tw0Some of the wise will stumble … until the time of the endThis suffering will continue until the time when God has decided that it will end.
807DAN1135f174figs-metaphor0Some of the wise will stumbleHere “stumble” represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
808DAN1135ip6i0so that refining will happen to themHere “so that” means “with the result that.” Alternate translation: “with the result that refining will happen to them”
809DAN1135c7itfigs-abstractnouns0refining will happen to them, and cleansing, and purifyingThese three activities are expressed here as if they were things. However, they may be expressed as actions, either in passive form or in active form. Alternate translation: “they will be refined, cleansed, and purified” or “their suffering will refine, cleanse, and purify them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
810DAN1135t14zfigs-metaphor0refiningThis refers to the purifying of metal by melting it in a fire. When God makes his people more faithful to himself, this is spoken of as if they were metal that a worker was making more pure by putting it into fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
811DAN1135x3zqfigs-metaphor0cleansingThis refers to making people, places, or objects suitable for Gods use by separating them from sin and other forms of evil. It speaks of evil as if it were physical dirtiness that could be removed by washing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
812DAN1135xl1lfigs-metaphor0purifyingThis idea is very similar to refining, discussed earlier. Metal that is refined can also be said to be purified. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
813DAN1135p8p80time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
814DAN1135a7hv0the appointed time is still to comeHere “appointed time” implies that God has set the time. This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has set the time in the future”
815DAN1136ytf50The king will act according to his desiresAlternate translation: “The king will do whatever he wants”
816DAN1136pn6u0The kingThis refers to the king of the North.
817DAN1136v9x7figs-doublet0lift himself up and make himself greatThe phrases “lift himself up” and “make himself great” mean the same thing and indicate that the king will become very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
818DAN1136sy4cfigs-metaphor0lift himself upHere this represents becoming very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
819DAN1136z6ykfigs-metaphor0make himself greatHere this represents pretending to be very important and powerful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
820DAN1136w4pmfigs-idiom0the God of godsThis refers to the one true God. Alternate translation: “the supreme God” or “the only true God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
821DAN1136s1730astonishing thingsAlternate translation: “terrible things” or “shocking things”
822DAN1136m82mfigs-metaphor0until the wrath is completedThis phrase pictures God as storing up his wrath until his storeroom is completely full of it and he is ready to act according to it. Alternate translation: “until God is completely angry with him” or “until God is angry enough to take action against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
823DAN1137swa40the god desirable to womenThis seems to refer to the pagan god named Tammuz.
824DAN1138a7fh0the god of fortressesThe king probably believed that this false god would help him to attack other peoples fortresses and keep his own. Alternate translation: “the god that controls fortresses”
825DAN1138zdm80instead of theseThe word “these” refers to the gods mentioned in [Daniel 11:37](../11/37.md).
826DAN1139xrm10he will divide up the land as a rewardThis could mean: (1) “he will give the land to his followers as a reward” or (2) “he will sell land to his followers”
827DAN1140tuf10the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
828DAN1140m1zifigs-synecdoche0the king of the South … The king of the NorthThese phrases stand for the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and his army … The king of the North and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
829DAN1140r8tvfigs-metaphor0will storm against himViolently attacking with an army is spoken of as if a storm happened. Alternate translation: “will attack him like a violent storm” or “will violently attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
830DAN1140nk95figs-metaphor0flood themWhen an army overruns a country, it is spoken of as if a flood occurred. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:10](../11/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
831DAN1140pc82figs-explicit0pass throughNothing will stop the army. Alternate translation: “will pass through the lands with no one to stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
832DAN1141w7zh0the land of beautyThis refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md) and [Daniel 11:16](./16.md).
833DAN1141v51yfigs-metonymy0will fallHere falling represents the action of dying. Alternate translation: “will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
834DAN1141vkd7figs-metonymy0But these will escape from his handHere “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “But these will escape from his power” or “But he will not be able to destroy these nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
835DAN1142bs1v0General Information:This is still about the king of the North.
836DAN1142ti2efigs-metaphor0He will extend his hand into landsHere “hand” represents power and control. Alternate translation: “He will extend his control over various lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
837DAN1142ef52figs-explicit0into landsHere the idea is many lands or various lands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
838DAN1142w3i4figs-activepassive0the land of Egypt will not be rescuedThis can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “the land of Egypt will not escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
839DAN1143n537figs-idiom0the Libyans and the Cushites will be in his footstepsHere “footsteps” represent submission. Alternate translation: “the Libyans and the Cushites will have to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
840DAN1143qp3ztranslate-names0the Libyans and the Cushites“the people of Libya and Cush.” Libya is a country west of Egypt, and Cush is a country south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
841DAN1144m79f0General Information:This is still about the king of the North.
842DAN1144et68figs-abstractnouns0he will go out with great rageIf your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rage**, you can express the same idea with another word such as “angry.” It can be stated clearly that he would go out with his army. Alternate translation: “he will be very angry and will go out” or “he will become very angry and will go out with his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
843DAN1144n5jufigs-metonymy0go outTo “go out” represents the action of attacking the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
844DAN1144dsf10to set many apart for destructionAlternate translation: “to destroy many people”
845DAN1145cil20the tent of his royal residenceThis refers to the kings luxurious tents that he lived in when he was with his army in time of war.
846DAN1145dk8u0between the seas and the mountain of the beauty of holinessThis probably refers to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
847DAN1145k8spfigs-metonymy0the mountain of the beauty of holinessThis refers to the hill in Jerusalem where Gods temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
848DAN12introl8k20# Daniel 12 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrection of the dead and the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judgmentday]])
849DAN121c4hl0Michael, the great princeMichael is an archangel. Here he is also given the title “great prince.”
850DAN121svv2figs-idiom0Michael … will rise upHere “rise up” is an idiom that means to appear. Alternate translation: “Michael … will appear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
851DAN121c1icfigs-activepassive0your people will be savedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. You can also make it clear that God will save the people. Alternate translation: “God will save your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
852DAN121n3vdfigs-activepassive0whose name is found written in the bookIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. You can also make it clear that God writes names in the book. Alternate translation: “whose name God has written in the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
853DAN122e327figs-euphemism0those who sleep in the dust of the earth will rise upThe phrase “sleep in the dust of the earth” is another way of referring to those who have died. Here “rise up” is an idiom that means to come back to life. Alternate translation: “those who have died will come back to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
854DAN123yt7bfigs-simile0Those who are wise will shine like the brightness of the sky aboveThis refers to Gods people who will share their wisdom with those around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
855DAN123g6t2figs-metaphor0those who turn many to righteousnessThis refers to those who help others understand that they are separated from God, as if they were changing the direction in which they were going. Alternate translation: “those who teach others to live righteously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
856DAN123jd17figs-simile0those who turn … are like the stars forever and everThese people are compared to the stars that shine. Alternate translation: “those who turn … will shine brightly like the stars forever and ever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
857DAN124qed5figs-metonymy0close up these words; keep the book sealedHere “words” represents the book. Alternate translation: “close this book and keep it sealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
858DAN124mb3v0time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
859DAN124krj6figs-explicit0Many will run here and there, and knowledge will increaseThis seems to happen before “the time of the end” during which time the book is sealed. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Before that happens, many people will travel here and there, learning more and more about many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
860DAN125q8a80General Information:Daniel goes on to tell what he saw next in this vision that began in [Daniel 10:1](../10/01.md).
861DAN125mxu10there were two others standingAlternate translation: “there were two other angels standing”
862DAN126d2x2figs-activepassive0the man clothed in linenThis refers to the angel who appeared to Daniel in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md), not to one of the angels who is standing beside the river. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
863DAN126cw1u0upstream along the riverThis could mean: (1) the angel clothed in linen was above the river or (2) the angel was further upstream along the river.
864DAN126x2yz0How long will it be to the end of these amazing events?“How long will these amazing events last?” This refers to the time from the beginning to the end of the events.
865DAN126g6y70these amazing eventsAt the time when the angel spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
866DAN127z28bfigs-activepassive0the man clothed in linenIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
867DAN127s5j30the one who lives foreverAlternate translation: “God, who lives forever”
868DAN127i56r0it would be for a time, times, and half a timeIt is best to leave it ambiguous as to when this begins. If you must choose a starting point, the three and a half years probably start with the events of [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md).
869DAN127rue10a time, times, and half a time“three and a half years.” These “times” are generally understood to refer to years. One and two and a half equal three and a half.
870DAN127fme6figs-activepassive0all these things will be completedIf your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all these things will have happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
871DAN127ir930all these thingsAt the time when the man clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
872DAN128as7u0My masterDaniel refers to the angel clothed in linen as “My master” to show respect to the angel.
873DAN128cd6n0of all these thingsAt the time when the angel clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
874DAN129g3nwfigs-metaphor0for the words are shut up and sealedThe vision that was given to Daniel was not to be explained. The book was sealed and no one could access it. Alternate translation: “for you are to close up and seal the words you have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
875DAN129c98p0the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
876DAN1210k53ffigs-activepassive0Many will be purified, cleansed, and refinedYahweh does the purifying. These three terms mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will purify, cleanse, and refine many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
877DAN1210nnz40refinedpurified by removing anything that does not belong in them
878DAN1210b2dg0but the wicked will act wickedlyThe evil people will do evil or sinful things.
879DAN1210z62c0None of the wicked will understandThe evil people can not understand spiritual knowledge.
880DAN1210j8740but those who are wise will understandAlternate translation: “but those who obey Yahweh are wise and will understand”
881DAN1211ux9kfigs-explicit0the regular burnt offering is … is set upThe king of the north is the one who stops the temple sacrifices. Alternate translation: “the king of the North takes away the regular burnt offering and sets up the abomination that causes complete desolation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
882DAN1211cg65figs-idiom0the abomination that causes complete desolationThis refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:31](../11/31.md). Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
883DAN1211f32xtranslate-numbers01,290 days“one thousand two and hundred ninety days” or “twelve hundred and ninety days.” Here “days” refers to a period of time. Most commonly rendered as days, but can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
884DAN1212gpx30Blessed is the one who waitsAlternate translation: “Blessed is the person who waits” or “Blessed is anyone who waits”
885DAN1212dy9t0who waitsAlternate translation: “who remains faithful”
886DAN1212lqv9translate-numbers0the 1,335 days“one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days” or “thirteen hundred and thirty-five days.” Here “days” is referring to a period of time most commonly rendered as days. However, it can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
887DAN1213md7k0You must go“Daniel, you must go” This refers to Daniel continuing to live and serve the kings until the appointed time of his death.
888DAN1213gv9dfigs-euphemism0you will restThis is a gentle way of saying “you will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
889DAN1213kjx50You will riseThis is referring to the first resurrection of the dead when the righteous people will be raised up.
890DAN1213vf3x0the place assigned to youAlternate translation: “the place God has assigned to you”