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Merge christopherrsmith-tc-create-1 into master by christopherrsmith (#3253)
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@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ front:intro nl27 0 # Introduction to 1 John\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
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1:7 j030 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ φωτί 1 Here the pronoun **he** refers to God. Alternate translation: “as God is in the light”
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1:7 j031 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἐν τῷ φωτί 1 John is using the word **light** to mean what is holy. Alternate translation: “as God is holy”
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1:7 j032 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετ’ ἀλλήλων 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns, see how you expressed the idea behind the abstract noun **fellowship** in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “then we are close friends with one another”
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1:7 d7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ 1 John is using the word **blood** here to refer to the sacrificial death of Jesus, by association with the **blood** that Jesus shed when he died for our sins. Alternate translation: “the death of Jesus”
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1:7 d7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ 1 John is using the word **blood** here to refer to the sacrificial death of Jesus, by association with the **blood** that Jesus shed when he died for our sins. Alternate translation: “the sacrificial death of Jesus”
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1:7 j033 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἁμαρτίας 1 John is speaking of **sin** as if it made a person dirty and of the **blood** of Jesus as if it made a person clean. Alternate translation: “takes away all of our sin”
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1:7 jb3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 **Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God.
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1:8 j034 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἐὰν εἴπωμεν ὅτι ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔχομεν, ἑαυτοὺς πλανῶμεν καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἡμῖν 1 John is using another hypothetical situation to help his readers recognize the importance of consistency between their words and their actions. Alternate translation: “Suppose we say that we have no sin. Then we are leading ourselves astray, and the truth is not in us”
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@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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1:4 ey91 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְשָׁלְח֗וּ וְקָרְאוּ֙they sent and called 1 The terms **sent** and **called** mean similar things. The author is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and they invited”
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1:5 s2c6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כִּ֣י הִקִּיפֽוּ֩ יְמֵ֨י הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֜הwhen the days of the feast had gone around 1 The author is speaking as if the **days of the feast** had literally **gone around** or traveled a certain distance and then returned to their starting point. He means that each son had taken his turn hosting a feast. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “after the days of the feast had made a full circuit” or “after each son had taken his turn hosting a feast”
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1:5 x3v2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בָנַ֔י 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, Job is likely using the word in a generic sense to refer to all of his sons and daughters. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women, as UST does, or you could mention both sons and daughters. Alternate translation: “my sons and daughters”
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1:5 k14m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism חָטְא֣וּ & וּבֵרֲכ֥וּ 1 Job is so reverent that he does not want to use the words “cursed” and “God” together, so he uses the word **blessed** as a delicate way of saying “cursed.” If it would be clearer for your readers and it would not offend them, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have sinned and cursed”
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1:5 k14m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וּבֵרֲכ֥וּ 1 It is possible that the original reading here was “cursed” and that scribes changed it to **blessed** in order to avoid the uncomfortable language of a person cursing God. Traditional manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible do not have a marginal notation about this as they do in the case of [7:20](../01/01.md), but many translations read “cursed” since this is the kind of change that scribes are known to have made in similar cases. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT. Alternate translation: “and cursed”
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1:5 j005 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys חָטְא֣וּ & וּבֵרֲכ֥וּ 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The word **sinned** tells in what way one of Job’s children might have **blessed**, that is, “cursed” God. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use “and.” Alternate translation: “have sinfully cursed”
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1:5 du2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּלְבָבָ֑ם 1 Here, the **heart** figuratively represents the thoughts. Alternate translation: “in their thoughts”
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1:5 j006 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים 1 The author says **all** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “on a regular basis”
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@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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1:11 y4qi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שְֽׁלַֽח& יָֽדְךָ֔ 1 Here, **hand** figuratively represents the capability of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “use your power”
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1:11 ax31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְגַ֖ע 1 In this context, the word **touch** means “destroy.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and destroy”
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1:11 j013 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אִם 1 The adversary is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and see if”
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1:11 j014 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ 1 As in verse 5, the word **bless** is a delicate way of saying “curse.” (It is unlikely that the adversary wants to avoid putting the words “curse” and “God” together, but the author may want to avoid doing that while telling the story.) If it would be clearer for your readers and it would not offend them, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will curse you”
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1:11 j014 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ 1 See how you translated the word "blessed" in verse 5. Scribes may have made a similar change here from "curse" to **bless**. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT. Alternate translation: “he will … curse you”
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1:11 bn3v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־פָּנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. The claim is that Job would not curse God in his “heart” (that is, in his thoughts) as Job was afraid one of his children might have done. Rather, Job would curse God out loud, and since God is present everywhere, Job would be cursing him in person. Alternate translation: “in person”
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1:12 d2uy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הִנֵּ֤ה 1 As the General Introduction to Job discusses, Yahweh is using the term **Behold** to focus the adversary’s attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation.
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1:12 bul4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּיָדֶ֔ךָ 1 Here, **hand** figuratively represents the capability of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is in your power” or “is under your control”
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@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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2:5 cz3l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְגַ֥ע 1 In this context, the word **touch** means “harm.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and harm”
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2:5 qau8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֶל־עַצְמ֖וֹ וְאֶל־בְּשָׂר֑וֹ 1 The adversary is using two parts of Job’s body, his **bones** and his **flesh**, to mean Job’s whole body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “his body”
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2:5 d2rf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אִם 1 The adversary is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. See how you translated the same expression in [1:11](../01/11.md). Alternate translation: “and see if”
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2:5 i3ij rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), the word **bless** is a delicate way of saying “curse.” See how you translated the same expression in [1:11](../01/11.md). Alternate translation: “curse you”
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2:5 i3ij rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism יְבָרֲכֶֽךָּ 1 See how you translated the same expression in [1:11](../01/11.md). Scribes may also have made a change here from "curse" to **bless**. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT. Alternate translation: “he will … curse you”
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2:5 b5lr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶל־פָּנֶ֖יךָ 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. See how you translated the same expression in [1:11](../01/11.md). Alternate translation: “in person”
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2:6 j034 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְיָדֶ֑ךָ 1 Here, **hand** figuratively represents the capability of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar expression in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: “in your power” or “under your control”
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2:7 fj98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here the word **face** represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. See how you translated the similar expression in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: “the presence of Yahweh”
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@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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2:8 f72v rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְה֖וּא יֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּתוֹךְ־הָאֵֽפֶר 1 In this culture, there was place outside the city where rubbish was brought and burned to dispose of it. This left a pile of ashes. Job was sitting in that pile as a symbolic action to show how distressed he was. It was a way of signifying that he no longer felt his life was worth anything. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of his action. Alternate translation: “he was sitting in the midst of the ash pile outside the city to show how distressed he was”
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2:9 v1yj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עֹדְךָ֖ מַחֲזִ֣יק בְּתֻמָּתֶ֑ךָ 1 Job’s wife is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not still be holding firmly to your integrity!”
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2:9 j038 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations בָּרֵ֥ךְ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֻֽת 1 You may find it more appropriate to represent this in your translation as an exclamation rather than as a statement. Alternate translation: “Bless God and die!”
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2:9 wgb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בָּרֵ֥ךְ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֻֽת 1 As in [1:5](../01/05.md), the word **bless** is a delicate way of saying “curse.” Alternate translation: “Curse God and die”
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2:9 wgb4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism בָּרֵ֥ךְ 1 See how you translated the word "bless" in [1:11](../01/11.md) and [2:5](../02/05.md). Scribes may also have made a change here from "Curse" to **Bless**. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT. Alternate translation: “Curse”
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2:9 j039 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּרֵ֥ךְ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֻֽת 1 Job’s wife seems to be saying implicitly that Job no longer has any reason either to trust God or to live, and that if he curses God, God will kill him too and put him out of his misery. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Curse God so that he will kill you too and put you out of your misery”
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2:10 p6a8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אַחַ֤ת הַנְּבָלוֹת֙ 1 This phrase does not refer to a specific person. It refers to anyone who has the quality that it names. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a foolish person” or, since the expression is feminine, “a foolish woman”
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2:10 j182 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַחַ֤ת הַנְּבָלוֹת֙ 1 In this context, the word **foolish** does not describe a person who is stupid or lacking intelligence or education. It means someone who does not respect God and who therefore does not live in the way that God has instructed people to live. Alternate translation: “a person who does not respect and obey God” or “a woman who does not respect and obey God”
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@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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3:8 j055 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יִקְּבֻ֥הוּ 1 The pronoun **it** refers to the day when Job was born. Job is alternating between speaking about that day and about the night when he was conceived. Alternate translation: “May … curse that day”
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3:8 i4gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֹרְרֵי־י֑וֹם 1 Job assumes that his listeners will understand that by **the ones cursing a day** he is referring to sorcerers whom people in this culture employed in the belief that the sorcerers could cause bad things to happen on a particular day to people they did not like. For example, people might employ a sorcerer to try to ruin the day on which a person began an important journey or celebrated an important family occasion such as a wedding. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “professional sorcerers”
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3:8 j056 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הָ֝עֲתִידִ֗ים 1 Job is using the adjective **skillful** as a noun to mean certain people. The word is plural, and ULT adds the word **ones** to show that. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “the people who have the skill”
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3:8 j057 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹרֵ֥ר לִוְיָתָֽן 1 People in this culture believed in a monster called **Leviathan**, associated with the sea, who caused chaos. You could retain the name Leviathan in your translation in order to give your readers some idea of their belief. Alternatively, you could state the implicit meaning plainly. The further implication is that if sorcerers created chaos, there would no longer be any distinction between days, and so the day of Job’s birth would no longer have a distinct identity. You could say that explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to cause chaos” or “to destroy the distinct identity of the day on which I was born”
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3:8 j057 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹרֵ֥ר לִוְיָתָֽן 1 The implication is that if sorcerers created chaos by awakening the chaos monster, there would no longer be any distinction between days, and so the day of Job’s birth would no longer have a distinct identity. You could say that explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “to cause chaos among days” or “to destroy the distinct identity of the day on which I was born”
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3:8 j342 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִוְיָתָֽן 1 People in this culture believed in a monster called **Leviathan**, associated with the sea, who caused chaos. You could retain the name Leviathan in your translation. Alternatively, you could use a general expression in order to give your readers some idea of the beliefs of this culture. Alternate translation: “the chaos monster”
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3:9 fcl4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יְקַו־לְא֥וֹר וָאַ֑יִן וְאַל־יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר 1 Job is speaking of the day of his birth as if it were a living thing that could **wait** for **light** to appear in the sky and **see** the **dawn**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “may light never appear on that day, yes, may dawn never break on that day”
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3:9 j058 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר 1 Job is referring to light flashing from eyes by association with the **eyelids** that open to reveal that flashing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the light flashing from the eyes of the dawn”
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3:9 max2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר 1 Job is speaking of **the dawn** as if it were a living thing that had **eyelids** that could open to reveal light flashing from its eyes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the first light of dawn” or “the break of dawn”
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@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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3:26 j084 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֤א שָׁלַ֨וְתִּי ׀ וְלֹ֖א שָׁקַ֥טְתִּי וְֽלֹא־נָ֗חְתִּי וַיָּ֥בֹא רֹֽגֶז 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. (The word translated **but** introduces a reason.) Alternate translation: “Because trouble comes, I have not relaxed, and I have not reposed, and I have not rested”
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3:26 f53t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet לֹ֤א שָׁלַ֨וְתִּי ׀ וְלֹ֖א שָׁקַ֥טְתִּי וְֽלֹא־נָ֗חְתִּי וַיָּ֥בֹא רֹֽגֶז 1 The terms **relaxed**, **reposed**, and **rested** mean similar things. Job is using the three terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “I have not been able to rest at all”
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3:26 j085 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַיָּ֥בֹא רֹֽגֶז 1 Job is speaking of **trouble** as if it were a living thing that **comes** to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but trouble happens”
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4:intro kk87 0 # Job 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Eliphaz’s advice\n\nIn this chapter and the next chapter, Job’s friend Eliphaz advises him to trust that God protects innocent people and punishes wicked people. He says that God corrects good people if they begin to do bad things, and he encourages Job to consider why God is correcting him. Ordinarily this would be very good advice. But Eliphaz does not understand the special circumstances that Job is in. Job himself does not understand them. God cannot explain to Job that he has allowed the adversary to test him to see whether he will still trust God even if he loses his family, possessions, and health, because if God explained this, that would make the test invalid. So this section of the book, in which Job’s three friends speak with him, presents a paradox: What would ordinarily be good advice is not good advice under these special circumstances.\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nEliphaz often uses the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate his questions as statements or exclamations. Notes will offer suggestions at each place where Eliphaz uses the question form in this way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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4:intro kk87 0 # Job 4 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter (and the next chapter), Job’s friend Eliphaz responds to what Job said in chapter 3.\n\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Eliphaz’s advice\n\nEliphaz advises Job to trust that God protects innocent people and punishes wicked people. He says that God corrects good people if they begin to do bad things, and he encourages Job to consider why God is correcting him. Ordinarily this would be very good advice. But Eliphaz does not understand the special circumstances that Job is in. Job himself does not understand them. God cannot explain to Job that he has allowed the adversary to test him to see whether he will still trust God even if he loses his family, possessions, and health, because if God explained this, that would make the test invalid. So this section of the book, in which Job’s three friends speak with him, presents a paradox: What would ordinarily be good advice is not good advice under these special circumstances.\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nEliphaz often uses the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate his questions as statements or exclamations. Notes will offer suggestions at each place where Eliphaz uses the question form in this way. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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4:2 y6k8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲנִסָּ֬ה דָבָ֣ר אֵלֶ֣יךָ תִּלְאֶ֑ה וַעְצֹ֥ר בְּ֝מִלִּ֗ין מִ֣י יוּכָֽל 1 In both of these sentences, Eliphaz is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: “I am concerned that you will tire if a word is tried with you. But no one is able to refrain from a word.”
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4:2 j086 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֲנִסָּ֬ה דָבָ֣ר אֵלֶ֣יךָ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If I try a word with you”
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4:2 j087 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲנִסָּ֬ה דָבָ֣ר אֵלֶ֣יךָ 1 Eliphaz is using the term **word** to mean what he would like to say to Job by using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “If I try to speak with you”
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@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
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4:18 j109 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּ֭עֲבָדָיו & וּ֝בְמַלְאָכָ֗יו 1 By **his servants**, Eliphaz implicitly means the **angels** he mentions later in the verse. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “in the angels who serve him … and … those angels”
|
||||
4:19 j110 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אַ֤ף ׀ שֹׁכְנֵ֬י בָֽתֵּי־חֹ֗מֶר 1 Eliphaz is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “How much less will God be confident that dwellers in houses of clay are doing the right thing”
|
||||
4:19 x3pk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֹׁכְנֵ֬י בָֽתֵּי־חֹ֗מֶר אֲשֶׁר־בֶּעָפָ֥ר יְסוֹדָ֑ם 1 Eliphaz is speaking as if human beings literally lived in **houses** made of **clay** that have a **foundation** set in the **dust**. He is referring to the human body, which the Bible describes as having been formed from the dust of the earth. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “human beings”
|
||||
4:19 j111 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְ֝דַכְּא֗וּם 1 Here, **They** is an indefinite pronoun that does not refer to anyone in the immediate context. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this with a different expression that does not use an indefinite pronoun. Alternate translation: “They can be crushed”
|
||||
4:19 j111 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְ֝דַכְּא֗וּם 1 **They** is an indefinite pronoun that does not have a specific referent in the immediate context. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this with a different expression that does not use an indefinite pronoun. Alternate translation: “Such people can be crushed”
|
||||
4:19 r4dq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִפְנֵי 1 Here the term **before** means “sooner than” and by implication “more easily than.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “more easily than”
|
||||
4:20 m44u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism מִבֹּ֣קֶר לָעֶ֣רֶב 1 Eliphaz is using the beginning and ending of a day, **morning** and **evening**, to mean an entire day. (He means within the space of a day, not throughout a whole day.) If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “Within a single day”
|
||||
4:20 znp6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֻכַּ֑תּוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, the context suggests that it is God. Alternate translation: “God destroys them”
|
||||
|
|
@ -371,336 +372,412 @@ front:intro u3jc 0 # Introduction to Job\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\n
|
|||
5:26 w6jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַּעֲל֖וֹת גָּדִ֣ישׁ בְּעִתּֽוֹ 1 The point of this comparison is that when Job’s time comes to die, he will have lived a full and rewarding life, just as a **stack of grain** that is harvested **in its time** is ripe and fully developed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “mature and accomplished, like grain that is harvested at the peak of ripeness”
|
||||
5:27 uwj5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive חֲקַרְנ֥וּהָ 1 By **We**, Eliphaz means himself and other wise people but not Job, to whom he is speaking, so use the exclusive form of that word in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
5:27 j181 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְאַתָּ֥ה דַֽע 1 For emphasis, Eliphaz is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **know**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “and know it certainly”
|
||||
6:intro r7kh 0 # Job 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Eliphaz.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Job’s righteousness\nDespite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nJob uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
6:2 use6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism if only my anguish were weighed; if only all my calamity were laid in the balance 0 Here the writer uses two different statements to convey a single idea, the burden of Job’s suffering. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if only I could weigh my anguish and all my calamities in the balance” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
6:2 cqr6 in the balance 0 Alternate translation: “on a scale”
|
||||
6:3 l5j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile For now it would be heavier than the sand of the seas 0 Job compares the burden of his suffering to the weight of wet sand; both can crush a person. Alternate translation: “For my anguish and calamities would be heavier than the sand on the seashore”
|
||||
6:3 j9lz my words were reckless 0 Alternate translation: “I spoke recklessly” or “I spoke rashly”
|
||||
6:4 se7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor For the arrows of the Almighty are in me 0 This is a metaphor for Job’s suffering. He compares his many troubles to arrows that God has shot his body with. Alternate translation: “It is as though the Almighty has shot arrows into my body”
|
||||
6:4 m898 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my spirit drinks up the poison 0 “my spirit drinks up the arrows’ poison.” This continues the metaphor of the arrows, by implying that they had tips of poison and that Job feels the pain in his spirit. He speaks of feeling this pain as if his spirit drank the poison. Alternate translation: “I feel the pain of their poison in my inner being”
|
||||
6:4 l3u6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification the terrors of God have arranged themselves in array against me 0 Job speaks of the terrible things that have happened to him as if they were soldiers that God had lined up to attack him all at once. Alternate translation: “God has caused all the terrible things that could happen to happen to me all at once”
|
||||
6:4 sr2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the terrors of God have arranged themselves in array against me 0 God causing many things to terrify Job is spoken of as if God’s terrors were soldiers lined up to attack Job. Alternate translation: “the terrors of God have arranged themselves like soldiers in an army”
|
||||
6:5 vas3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Does the wild donkey bray in despair when he has grass? Or does the ox low in hunger when it has fodder? 0 Job poses these rhetorical questions to emphasize that he has a reason to complain. These question can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “Just as the wild donkey does not bray in despair when he has grass and as the ox does not low in hunger when he has fodder, I would not complain if I did not have a reason”
|
||||
6:5 h1b2 bray 0 the sound a donkey makes
|
||||
6:5 i2r2 low 0 the sound an ox makes
|
||||
6:5 tbl2 fodder 0 animal food
|
||||
6:6 l3sd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Can that which has no taste be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg? 0 This could mean: (1) Job is comparing his displeasure for his circumstances to people’s dislike for bland food or (2) Job is comparing his displeasure for his friend’s advice to people’s dislike for bland food.
|
||||
6:6 cg4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Can that which has no taste be eaten without salt? Or is there any taste in the white of an egg? 0 Job uses these rhetorical questions to emphasize his own displeasure. These questions can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tasteless food cannot be eaten without salt, just as there is no taste in the white of an egg.”
|
||||
6:6 xfj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Can that which has no taste be eaten 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Can you eat that which has no taste”
|
||||
6:7 hy2z I refuse to touch them 0 “Them” refers to bad tasting foods.
|
||||
6:9 yf92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism to crush me once 0 This means for God to cause him to die. Alternate translation: “to crush me and let me die”
|
||||
6:9 f53h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that he would let loose his hand and cut me off from this life 0 The phrases “let loose his hand” is an idiom that means to act quickly. Also, the phrase “cut me off from this life” is a euphemism for killing him. Alternate translation: “that he would act quickly and cut short my life” or “that he would act quickly and end my life” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
|
||||
6:10 gre4 even if I exult in pain that does not lessen 0 Alternate translation: “I would leap for joy in unending pain” or “I would endure pain that does not diminish”
|
||||
6:10 a736 exult 0 Alternate translation: “rejoice”
|
||||
6:10 f2zu does not lessen 0 Alternate translation: “does not diminish”
|
||||
6:10 ji9n that I have not denied the words of the Holy One 0 This can be written in positive form. Alternate translation: “that I have always obeyed the Holy One”
|
||||
6:11 b1ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What is my strength, that I should try to wait? What is my end, that I should prolong my life? 0 Job poses these questions to emphasize that he has no reason to continue living. These questions have the same meaning. They may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I do not have enough strength to go on living; I have no reason to prolong my life” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
6:12 vp49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\nThe writer uses parallel rhetorical questions in each of these verses to emphasize Job’s lack of strength to endure suffering.
|
||||
6:12 n69y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is my strength the strength of stones? Or is my flesh made of bronze? 0 Job describes the weakness of his body by saying that he is not as strong as rocks and bronze to emphasize his lack of strength. These rhetorical questions may be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I am not as strong as the rocks. My flesh is not as strong as metal.”
|
||||
6:13 lg48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it not true that I have no help in myself … me? 0 Job uses this rhetorical question to emphasize his lack of wisdom and his weakness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Also, the phrase “no help in myself” is an idiom. Alternate translation: “It is true that I have no strength left … me.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
|
||||
6:13 h5wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive wisdom has been driven out of me 0 “my success has been taken from me.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my wisdom is gone”
|
||||
6:14 e6e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive To the person who is about to faint, faithfulness should be shown by his friend 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “A friend should be faithful to the person who feels he is about to faint”
|
||||
6:14 s4yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor who is about to faint 0 This speaks of a person who feels hopeless and is overwhelmed by his troubles as if he were about to physically faint. Alternate translation: “who feels hopeless”
|
||||
6:14 naj8 even to him who forsakes the fear of the Almighty 0 “even if he stops fearing Almighty God.” This could mean: (1) the faint person does not fear God or (2) his friend does not fear God.
|
||||
6:15 p13y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile But my brothers have been as faithful to me as a desert streambed 0 Job speaks of his friends being unfaithful to him as being like a “wadi” which is a stream that can suddenly dry up. Also, Job refers to his friends ironically here as his “brothers.” Alternate translation: “But my friends are unfaithful to me. They are like a desert streambed” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
|
||||
6:15 l6xj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as channels of water that pass away to nothing 0 “like streams of water that dry up.” Job continues speaking of his friends being unfaithful as if they were streams that dry up.
|
||||
6:16 pnp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism which are darkened because of ice over them … and because of the snow that hides itself in them 0 These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed is full of ice and snow in the winter. Alternate translation: “which look dark in the winter because they are covered with ice and are full of melted snow” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
6:16 cq2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification because of the snow that hides itself in them 0 This speaks of the snow melting and the water going into the streambed as if the snow were hiding in the streambed. Alternate translation: “because the snow melts and goes into them”
|
||||
6:17 z6dh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism When they thaw out, they vanish … when it is hot, they melt out of their place 0 These two phrases have the same meaning. They describe how the streambed dries up in the hot season. Alternate translation: “When it is hot, the ice melts and the streambeds dry up” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
6:18 t8lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Job is continuing his description of his friends being as unreliable as streams that dry up.
|
||||
6:18 vke1 The caravans that travel by their way turn aside for water 0 Alternate translation: “The caravans turn aside from the routes to find water” or “The caravans change course looking for water”
|
||||
6:18 dm5v The caravans 0 A caravan is a large group of travelers riding camels across the desert.
|
||||
6:18 n26d barren land 0 Alternate translation: “wasteland” or “empty land”
|
||||
6:19 m9l7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Tema … Sheba 0 These are the names of places. The people of these places used caravans to trade things with people from other lands.
|
||||
6:19 ua63 while companies of Sheba 0 Alternate translation: “while caravans from Sheba”
|
||||
6:19 n6an hoped in them 0 Alternate translation: “hoped for them” or “put their hope in them”
|
||||
6:20 mue3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive but they were deceived 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but they were disappointed” or “but they were not satisfied”
|
||||
6:21 km28 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, Job poses four questions to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he did not ask for help from any of them.
|
||||
6:21 gk7t For now 0 Job uses this phrase to introduce the main part of what he is saying.
|
||||
6:21 wa4z you friends are nothing to me 0 Alternate translation: “you friends have not helped me at all”
|
||||
6:21 zr7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit are afraid 0 This means that they see the trouble Job has and are afraid of being in the same situation. Alternate translation: “you are afraid that God might do similar things to you”
|
||||
6:23 vq26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion or, ‘Save me from my adversary’s hand’ or, ‘Ransom me from the hand of my oppressors’? 0 These words are the last of a series of rhetorical questions that begins in verse 22. Job uses these questions to emphasize that he has not asked his friends to give him anything or to help him. “I never said to you, ‘Give … me’ or, ‘Offer … wealth’ or, ‘Save … hand’ or, ‘Ransom … oppressors’.”
|
||||
6:23 x1gs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy my adversary’s hand … the hand of my oppressors 0 The word “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “having my adversary control me … having my oppressors control me” or “my adversary’s power … my oppressors’ power”
|
||||
6:23 z65f Ransom me 0 Alternate translation: “Rescue me”
|
||||
6:24 t8mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you Teach me … make me 0 These verbs “teach” and “make” are second person plural and are spoken to his friends.
|
||||
6:24 jg8f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I will hold my peace 0 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “I will be silent”
|
||||
6:25 ukw2 How painful are truthful words! But your arguments, how do they actually rebuke me? 0 The exact meaning of the original language is uncertain. Some Bibles translate “How painful” as “How pleasant.” Alternate translation: “When a person speaks the truth, it harms no one. But your arguments are not true, so how do they actually rebuke me?”
|
||||
6:25 bt6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion But your arguments, how do they actually rebuke me? 0 Job is using this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that what they are saying does not apply to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Your reasons for rebuking me do not apply to me even though you sternly correct me.” or “But your arguments against me are not true, so they do not actually rebuke me!”
|
||||
6:25 rrn5 your arguments 0 Alternate translation: “your reasons” or “your claims”
|
||||
6:26 l7bp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Do you plan to ignore my words, treating the words of a desperate man like the wind? 0 Job uses this rhetorical question to scold his friends. He compares his words to the wind to explain that his friends act like his words are empty and useless. Alternate translation: “You ignore my words! I am a desperate man, and you treat my words as if they are as useless as the wind.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
6:26 zm1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you Do you 0 “You” is in second person plural form.
|
||||
6:27 w62r you cast lots for a fatherless child 0 Alternate translation: “you would even gamble to win an orphan”
|
||||
6:27 jib8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you you cast lots … haggle over your friend 0 Here “you” and “your” are in second person plural form.
|
||||
6:27 q6lj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile haggle over your friend like merchandise 0 This compares how the man would sell his friend to how a person sells merchandise or wares. Alternate translation: “bargain to sell your friend for money”
|
||||
6:28 eq8v Now 0 This word is used by Job to introduce new information.
|
||||
6:28 m2bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you please look 0 The verb “to look” is in second person plural form.
|
||||
6:28 q6v3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche I would not lie to your face 0 The word “your” refers to Job’s friends. Here his friends are represented by their faces to emphasize that they are looking at him. Alternate translation: “I would not lie to you while I am looking at you”
|
||||
6:29 c7zi Relent, I beg you 0 Alternate translation: “Please be merciful to me” or “Stop speaking like this, I beg you”
|
||||
6:29 fcq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives let there be no injustice with you 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “treat me fairly”
|
||||
6:29 hka9 Indeed, relent 0 Alternate translation: “Please relent.”
|
||||
6:30 km3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is there evil on my tongue? 0 “Do I say wicked things?” Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he is not wicked. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I do not say wicked things.”
|
||||
6:30 z316 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy on my tongue 0 Here Job’s speech is represented by his “tongue.” Alternate translation: “in my speech”
|
||||
6:30 f1ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Cannot my mouth detect malicious things? 0 Job uses this question to rebuke his friends and to emphasize that he can tell the difference between right and wrong. Here Job refers to himself by his “mouth” to emphasize his speech. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know what is right to say and what is wrong to say.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
7:intro y5ka 0 # Job 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Eliphaz.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Job’s righteousness\nDespite being upset about his circumstances, and desiring his own death, Job does not curse God. He would rather have God end his life than to curse him. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nJob uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair. He also is upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Eliphaz that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
7:1 nz5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Does not man have hard labor on earth? 0 Job poses this negative question to emphasize his awareness that all people experience hard work. It can be translated as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “There is hard labor for every person on earth.”
|
||||
7:1 a1c6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole on earth 0 This is a generalization that means for the time people are living on the earth. Alternate translation: “while he lives on the earth”
|
||||
7:1 m3yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Are not his days like the days of a hired man? 0 Job poses this negative question to emphasize his awareness that all people struggle in life. Alternate translation: “And their days are like the days of a hired man.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
7:1 n56j a hired man 0 “a day laborer.” This is a man who worked jobs one day at a time and was paid at the end of every day.
|
||||
7:2 g9ji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile Like a slave … like a hired man 0 Job compares his misery and trouble to that of the slave and hired man.
|
||||
7:2 f1pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the shadows of evening 0 “cool shade.” The implied information is that the shadows of evening provide coolness and shade from the sun
|
||||
7:2 d651 looks for his wages 0 Alternate translation: “waits for his pay”
|
||||
7:3 fpt6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I have been made to endure months of misery; I have been given trouble-filled nights 0 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “so I endure months of misery; I get trouble-filled nights”
|
||||
7:3 cp2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit months of misery 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **misery**, you can express the same idea with the adjective “miserable.” Alternate translation: “months when I am miserable”
|
||||
7:4 m7jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit When I lie down 0 The implied information is that this is when Job would lie down to sleep at night. Alternate translation: “When I lie down to sleep”
|
||||
7:4 fij2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns I say to myself 0 Job poses a question to no one else in particular. Alternate translation: “I ask” or “I wonder”
|
||||
7:4 sf4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion When will I get up and when will the night be gone? 0 Job poses this question to emphasize his intense suffering during the hours he should be sleeping. Alternate translation: “I wish I could get up, but night continues.”
|
||||
7:4 m4sv tossing to and fro 0 “turning back and forth.” This indicates that Job has moved on his bed all night without any rest.
|
||||
7:5 sh53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My flesh is clothed with worms and clods of dust 0 The worms and clods of dust are pictured as covering Job as if they were clothing. Alternate translation: “My flesh is covered with worms and clods of dust”
|
||||
7:5 l429 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche My flesh 0 This represents his whole body. Alternate translation: “My body”
|
||||
7:5 lry5 clods of dust 0 This could mean: (1) lumps or crusts of dirt or (2) scabs on the skin.
|
||||
7:5 we79 dissolve and run afresh 0 Alternate translation: “break out again”
|
||||
7:6 tf2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile My days are swifter than a weaver’s shuttle 0 Job compares his lifetime to the quickness of a weaver’s shuttle. Alternate translation: “My life goes by very quickly”
|
||||
7:6 pvg2 weaver 0 a person who makes cloth by crossing threads or yarn
|
||||
7:6 fy2b a weaver’s shuttle 0 a moving part that carries thread or yarn back and forth quickly in a loom when making cloth
|
||||
7:7 uf8v call to mind 0 “remember.” The phrase “call to mind” does not mean God forgot. Job is asking God to consider or think about the shortness of Job’s life.
|
||||
7:7 ee27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my life is only a breath 0 Job compares the shortness of his life to the shortness of a breath. Alternate translation: “my life is very short, like taking one breath”
|
||||
7:7 bw35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche my eye will no more see good 0 Here “my eye” represents Job’s whole person and his ability to see or experience things. Alternate translation: “I will never again experience good things”
|
||||
7:8 f5vc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit The eye of God, who sees me, will see me no more 0 Many versions of the Bible translate this as “The eye which sees me will see me no more.” The words “of God” were added to this phrase because they are implied by the context.
|
||||
7:8 p6u5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The eye of God, who sees me … God’s eyes will be on me 0 Here God is represented by his “eye” to emphasize what he looks at. Alternate translation: “God who watches me … God will look for me”
|
||||
7:9 q76u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile As a cloud is consumed and vanishes away, so he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more 0 Job is describing death as being like the clouds that disappear.
|
||||
7:9 m6z6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive As a cloud is consumed 0 This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “As a cloud fades”
|
||||
7:9 g4h1 he who goes down to Sheol will come up no more 0 Alternate translation: “he who dies will not return”
|
||||
7:10 xnf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy his place 0 The words “his place” represent those who live in his place. Alternate translation: “the people who live in his place” or “his family”
|
||||
7:11 ed6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism I will speak in the anguish of my spirit; I will complain in the bitterness of my soul 0 Job conveys a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the reason he will not remain silent.
|
||||
7:11 q76q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I will not restrain my mouth 0 Here the mouth represents speech. Alternate translation: “I will not restrain my speech”
|
||||
7:11 v8zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns in the anguish of my spirit 0 “in the distress of my spirit” or “in the torment of my suffering.” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anguish**, you can express the same idea with the adverb “distress.” Alternate translation: “while my spirit is distressed”
|
||||
7:11 ti81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor in the bitterness of my soul 0 Here sorrow is spoken of as if it tasted bitter, and “soul” refers to the whole man. Alternate translation: “with anger and resentment” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
|
||||
7:12 qy6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Am I the sea or a sea monster that you place a guard over me? 0 Job poses this question to express his anger at God. In comparing himself to the sea or a sea monster, Job suggests that God regards him as a hideous creature. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not the sea or a sea monster that needs a guard to watch it.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
7:13 v7e8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy My bed will comfort me, and my couch will ease my complaint 0 Here “bed” and “couch” are metonyms for “sleep.” In lying down to sleep, Job would hope to be comforted. The metonyms also have human attributes; they have the ability to comfort and ease a person. Alternate translation: “My bed, my couch, will be like someone who can comfort me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
|
||||
7:13 d3uy My bed … my couch 0 These phrases refer to the same thing. Alternate translation: “My bed … my bed”
|
||||
7:14 pf6s you scare me 0 “you” here refers to God
|
||||
7:15 et7t strangling 0 killing a person by squeezing the throat and stopping the breathing
|
||||
7:15 nee4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche these bones of mine 0 Here Job uses the word “bones” to refer to his body. Alternate translation: “This body of mine”
|
||||
7:16 jd5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 The writer continues to use parallelism in these verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize the impact of Job’s misery on his sense of self worth.
|
||||
7:16 th4d I loathe my life 0 Alternate translation: “I despise my life”
|
||||
7:16 eu9h to always be alive 0 Alternate translation: “to live forever”
|
||||
7:16 yp5g my days are useless 0 Alternate translation: “my days are pointless” or “the days of my life are empty”
|
||||
7:17 awx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Job asks a rhetorical question to say that he does not understand why God should pay attention to people.
|
||||
7:17 w1ri rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set your mind on him 0 Here the mind represents thoughts and attention. To “set your mind on” means to give attention to. Alternate translation: “direct your attention to him” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
7:18 s64b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion that you should observe … every moment? 0 This is the end of the rhetorical question that Job begins asking with the words “What is man that” in verse 17. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “Tell me what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.” or “I do not understand what man is that … mind on him, that you should observe … every moment.”
|
||||
7:18 cdq5 observe him 0 Alternate translation: “carefully examine him”
|
||||
7:19 eb8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism How long will it be … swallow down my own saliva? 0 Here Job conveys a single idea using two different rhetorical questions to emphasize his wish that God would stop watching him. Alternate translation: “Look away from me! Leave me alone long enough for me to swallow my own saliva!” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
7:19 ts1s saliva 0 liquid produced in people’s mouths that keeps the mouth moist and helps to swallow food
|
||||
7:20 wwv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Even if I have sinned … burden for you? 0 Job poses these questions to argue against God treating him unfairly. Alternate translation: “Even if I have sinned, that would do nothing to you, as you watch over people. Tell me why you have made me your target, so that I am a burden for you.”
|
||||
7:21 gzz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Why do you not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity? 0 Here Job uses two similar clauses within a rhetorical question to emphasize his point. Possible meanings are: (1) Job is asking why God does not forgive him. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity.” or (2) Job is asking God why he cannot just overlook his supposed wrongdoings. Alternate translation: “Tell me why you do not just bear with my transgression and iniquity.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
7:21 ek8a take away 0 Alternate translation: “remove”
|
||||
7:21 yf7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy now will I lie down in the dust 0 The phrase “lie down in the dust” is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate translation: “now I will die”
|
||||
7:21 uz1p I will not exist 0 Alternate translation: “I will not be here” or “I will be gone”
|
||||
8:intro md4v 0 # Job 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Bildad.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Bildad’s advice\nBildad tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Bildad gives to Job is bad advice. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nBildad uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Bildad’s argument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
8:1 emj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 # General Information:\n\nVerses 2 and 3 each consist of two different questions that have the same meaning. Bildad uses these questions to rebuke Job. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
|
||||
8:1 xwz1 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nIn this chapter, Bildad begins to speak about Job’s complaints.
|
||||
8:1 y8y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Then Bildad the Shuhite answered 0 “Bildad” is the name of a man who is a member of the tribe of Shuah.
|
||||
8:2 gg55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor How long will the words of your mouth be a mighty wind? 0 Bildad speaks of Job’s words as if they are as empty and insubstantial as the wind. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “The words of your mouth are as insignificant as a mighty wind.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
8:3 x959 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Does God pervert justice? Does the Almighty pervert righteousness? 0 Here “God” and “the Almighty” both refer to Yahweh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind these questions as statements. Alternate translation: “God does not pervert justice; the Almighty does not pervert righteousness.”
|
||||
8:3 p2fp pervert justice? & pervert righteousness? 0 Alternate translation: “approve of and do what is not just? … approve of and do what is not righteous?”
|
||||
8:4 icy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for he gave them into the hand of their sins 0 Here “hand” represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job’s children because of their sin. Alternate translation: “for God caused the consequences of your children’s sins to kill them” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
8:5 lpy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo But suppose you diligently sought God and presented your request to the Almighty 0 Bildad is saying what would have happened if Job had correctly spoken to God, but Bildad does not believe that Job really did this.
|
||||
8:5 q7cd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet diligently sought God … presented your request to the Almighty 0 These two phrases both refer to Job asking God for help or pleading with God for mercy.
|
||||
8:5 c9ii diligently sought God 0 Alternate translation: “earnestly asked God for help”
|
||||
8:6 u412 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo 0 # General Information:\n\nBildad says that God would treat Job well if he was pure, but Bildad does not believe that Job is pure.
|
||||
8:6 a4ua If you are pure and upright 0 Alternate translation: “If only you were pure and righteous” or “If only you would obey God and do what is right”
|
||||
8:6 f6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor stir himself on your behalf 0 Here Yahweh is spoken of as if he woke from sleep to help Job. Alternate translation: “help you” or “do good things for you”
|
||||
8:6 k3xq restore you to your rightful place 0 This refers to giving back to Job the things he lost, including his family, wealth, and honor.
|
||||
8:7 cd7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Even though your beginning was small, still your final condition would be much greater 0 Here lack of wealth is spoken of as being a “small beginning.” Alternate translation: “Even if you were poor early in your life, God would make you very wealthy later in your life”
|
||||
8:8 iq7n give your attention to what our ancestors learned 0 Alternate translation: “study carefully what our ancestors discovered” or “consider the things our forefathers learned”
|
||||
8:9 m5vp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor our days on earth are a shadow 0 The shortness of life is spoken of as if it were a shadow which quickly disappears.
|
||||
8:10 h2ae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Will they not teach you and tell you? Will they not speak words from their hearts? 0 Bildad uses these rhetorical questions to rebuke Job for not agreeing with Bildad and the ancestors. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “They will teach you and tell you and speak what they sincerely believe.”
|
||||
8:10 u4ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy from their hearts 0 Here the word “hearts” represents their inner beliefs. Alternate translation: “that they sincerely believe”
|
||||
8:11 a2hm 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8–10](./08.md).
|
||||
8:11 tj37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Can papyrus grow without a marsh? Can reeds grow without water? 0 Bildad uses these two parallel questions to emphasize the single point that people cannot live without God. Here the plants represent people and the water represents God. The questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “Papyrus plants cannot grow away from the marshes. Reeds cannot grow without water.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
8:11 ig9q papyrus 0 a tall reed-like plant that grows in shallow water
|
||||
8:12 ht78 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8–10](./08.md).
|
||||
8:12 q4x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit While they are still green and not cut down, they wither before any other plant 0 It is implied that they wither when there is no water. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Without water, they stop growing and wither faster than any other plant, even if no one cuts them down”
|
||||
8:12 ugh5 wither 0 Alternate translation: “dry up”
|
||||
8:13 vn8n 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8–10](./08.md).
|
||||
8:13 y6pd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy So also are the paths of all who forget God 0 Here “the paths” represents a person’s future and the events that will happen to them. Alternate translation: “The same thing will happen to everyone who forgets God”
|
||||
8:13 fc76 the hope of the godless will perish 0 Alternate translation: “the things the godless person desires will not happen”
|
||||
8:14 m1bj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 # General Information:\n\nIt is unclear if this verse is the teaching of Bildad, or if Bildad is quoting the sayings of the ancestors of [Job 8:8–10](./08.md). In this verse the pronoun “his” refers to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.”
|
||||
8:14 yg2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism His confidence will break apart … his trust is as weak as a spider’s web 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that the godless person is trusting in something that cannot save him.
|
||||
8:14 e61x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile his trust is as weak as a spider’s web 0 Here Bildad compares the trust of the godless person to a spider’s web; the slightest force will break both.
|
||||
8:15 h15h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 # General Information:\n\nIn this verse the pronouns “he” and “him” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.”
|
||||
8:15 g7al rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor He leans on his house, but it will not support him; he takes hold of it, but it does not stand 0 This statement probably refers to a man relying on his property and wealth for security. If so, then “house” here represents the owner’s property and wealth. Alternate translation: “He thinks he will be safe because he is wealthy, but he will not be safe”
|
||||
8:15 r6mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes it will not support him 0 This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “he will fall down”
|
||||
8:15 s164 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes it does not stand 0 This negative statement emphasizes the opposite. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “it will fall down”
|
||||
8:16 zn7y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 # General Information:\n\nHere pronouns “he” and “his” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.”
|
||||
8:16 x5ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Under the sun he is green, and his shoots go out over his entire garden 0 Here Bildad compares the godless person to a plant that is healthy.
|
||||
8:16 d31w Under the sun he is green 0 The meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. This could mean: (1) he is healthy during the day or (2) he is watered before the sun rises.
|
||||
8:17 i19y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 # General Information:\n\nIn this verse the pronoun “his” refers to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.”
|
||||
8:17 cty7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism His roots are wrapped about the heaps of stone … they look for good places among the rocks 0 These two phrases have similar meaning, but the meaning is unclear. This could mean: (1) he appears to be well-rooted in the rocks, taking advantage of every opening or (2) his roots cannot find fertile ground and must try to find nutrients among the rocks. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
8:18 qe8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun 0 # General Information:\n\nIn this verse the pronouns “his” and “him” refer to the godless person, who represents godless people in general. It may be helpful to readers to use the plural pronouns “they” and “their.”
|
||||
8:18 ib86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive if this person is destroyed out of his place 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if someone pulls him out of his place” or “if a gardener tears him out of the garden”
|
||||
8:18 tq8v his place 0 Alternate translation: “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
8:18 b7jg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification that place will deny him and say, ‘I never saw you.’ 0 The garden is spoken of as if it had human ability to speak. The garden immediately forgets that he existed. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
8:19 llr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony this is the “joy” of such a person’s behavior 0 Bildad is speaking with irony to express that there is not any real joy for the godless person. Alternate translation: “this is all the joy they will receive from their godless actions”
|
||||
8:19 z27b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor other plants will sprout out of the same soil in his place 0 Bildad continues the metaphor from [Job 8:16–18](./16.md). Other godless people are spoken of as plants who take the place of the first godless man when he dies. Alternate translation: “when one wicked man dies, another will take his place”
|
||||
8:19 n1qg sprout 0 Alternate translation: “grow”
|
||||
8:19 j8fx the same soil 0 Alternate translation: “the rocky ground” or “the garden”
|
||||
8:19 y97b in his place 0 Alternate translation: “in the place of the godless man”
|
||||
8:20 i9v4 God will not cast away an innocent man 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “God will accept an innocent man”
|
||||
8:20 gz4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy neither will he take the hand of evildoers 0 Here “take the hand” refers to help or support. Alternate translation: “God will not support people who do evil things”
|
||||
8:21 td9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism He will yet fill your mouth with laughter, your lips with shouting 0 These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize how happy Job would be if he were innocent. The word “he” refers to God and “your” refers to Job. Alternate translation: “God will make you very happy again if you are innocent” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
8:21 ezc5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor fill your mouth with laughter 0 God causing Job to laugh is spoken of as if God had poured laughter into Job’s mouth. Alternate translation: “cause you to continually laugh”
|
||||
8:21 e5gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis your lips with shouting 0 The verb “fill” is understood from the previous clause. God causing him to shout for joy is spoken of as if God had poured joy into Job’s mouth. Alternate translation: “God will cause you to shout for joy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
8:22 tc4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Those who hate you will be clothed with shame 0 Here “shame” is spoken of as if it were clothing that God will cause Job’s enemies to wear. This means they will be very ashamed. Alternate translation: “God will cause those who hate you to be very ashamed”
|
||||
8:22 k5y9 the tent of the wicked will be no more 0 Here “tent” refers to the homes of the wicked. Alternate translation: “the houses of the wicked will be destroyed”
|
||||
8:22 uz63 will be no more 0 Alternate translation: “will not last” or “will be destroyed”
|
||||
9:intro n51u 0 # Job 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is Job’s response to Bildad.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Job’s righteousness and Yahweh’s power\nDespite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse God. Job does not think that he can make a claim against Yahweh because only God is perfectly wise and just. Yahweh is truly powerful and Job understands this. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nJob uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express himself or to describe Yahweh’s power. He is also upset with the advice of his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Bildad that he is wrong. These questions help to build Job’s response. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
9:2 e369 I truly know that this is so 0 Alternate translation: “I know that what you say is true”
|
||||
9:2 a9ku this is so 0 Here the word “this” refers to what Bildad said.
|
||||
9:2 r4pi how can a person be in the right with God? 0 Alternate translation: “how can anyone be innocent before God?”
|
||||
9:3 a6um argue 0 dispute
|
||||
9:3 el71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom he cannot answer him once in a thousand times 0 “Once in a thousand times” here is an idiom that means “at all.” This could mean: (1) “he cannot give any answer to God” or (2) “God will not answer him at all”
|
||||
9:3 t9fi a thousand times 0 Alternate translation: “1,000 times”
|
||||
9:4 mh8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy wise in heart 0 Here the heart represents the inner being or thoughts. Alternate translation: “wise in what he decides”
|
||||
9:4 f7rj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns mighty in strength 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you can express the same idea with the adjective “strong.” Alternate translation: “mighty in how strong he is”
|
||||
9:4 b286 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns hardened himself against him 0 To harden oneself means to be stubborn. Alternate translation: “resisted him” or “defied him”
|
||||
9:5 at5b he who removes the mountains 0 Alternate translation: “God removes the mountains”
|
||||
9:6 m19t he who shakes the earth 0 Alternate translation: “God shakes the earth”
|
||||
9:6 xth3 sets its supports trembling 0 Alternate translation: “makes its foundations tremble”
|
||||
9:7 mt2x who covers up the stars 0 Alternate translation: “who blocks the stars from view”
|
||||
9:8 lya7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns who by himself stretches out the heavens 0 God is spoken of as creating the heavens without any help, as if the heavens were fabric that he stretches out. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
9:8 xis1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor tramples down the waves of the sea 0 God is spoken of as calming the sea as if with his feet. Alternate translation: “puts his feet down on the waves of the sea” or “calms the waves of the sea”
|
||||
9:9 n4y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown the Bear, Orion, the Pleiades 0 These are the names of constellations, which are groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky.
|
||||
9:9 taz3 Orion 0 a famous hunter in Greek mythology
|
||||
9:9 x429 Pleiades 0 several bright stars that look like they are close together in the sky
|
||||
9:9 uzy5 constellations 0 groups of stars that seem like they form a particular shape in the sky
|
||||
9:10 h9d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism 0 # General Information:\n\nThe writer uses parallelism in each of these verses, conveying a single idea using double statements to emphasize that God is great, unseen, and sovereign.
|
||||
9:10 g1vu unsearchable things 0 Alternate translation: “things that cannot be understood”
|
||||
9:11 j3wr See 0 Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
|
||||
9:11 l3a7 he passes on 0 Alternate translation: “he passes by” or “he moves on”
|
||||
9:12 tc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion If he takes something away, who can stop him? Who can say to him, ‘What are you doing? 0 These are rhetorical questions that expect an answer of “No one.” They can be reworded as statements. Alternate translation: “If he takes something away, no one can stop him. No one can ask him, ‘What are you doing?’”
|
||||
9:12 gm8n If he takes something away 0 Alternate translation: “If he takes someone away” or “If he wants to snatch something away”
|
||||
9:13 e9gu rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction the helpers of Rahab bow beneath him 0 Here “bow beneath him” symbolizes submission or defeat. Alternate translation: “he crushes the helpers of Rahab”
|
||||
9:13 nzr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Rahab 0 The word “Rahab” here refers to a monster of the sea.
|
||||
9:14 z61q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism How much less could I answer him, could I choose words to reason with him? 0 Job poses two similar questions to emphasize his reluctance to confront God. They can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “So I certainly could not answer him or choose words to reason with him.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
9:17 w3dc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor For he breaks me with a tempest 0 Job compares his troubles from God to the effects of a tempest. Alternate translation: “He injures me as if with a tempest”
|
||||
9:17 qb29 tempest 0 a powerful or violent storm
|
||||
9:17 rl4w multiplies my wounds 0 Alternate translation: “gives me many wounds” or “wounds me again and again”
|
||||
9:17 qw6a without cause 0 Alternate translation: “even though I have not given him cause to do so” or “even though I am innocent”
|
||||
9:18 bw17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom to regain my breath 0 This is an idiom that means “to be able to breathe again” or
|
||||
9:18 uqz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he fills me with bitterness 0 This verse pictures God as filling up Job’s life with things that make him bitter. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **bitterness**, you can express the same idea with the adjective “bitter.” Alternate translation: “he fills me up with bitter things” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
9:19 qi46 If it is a matter of strength 0 Alternate translation: “If there is a contest of strength”
|
||||
9:19 ad8i behold, he is mighty 0 Alternate translation: “look and you will see that he is mighty” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you: he is mighty”
|
||||
9:19 a2rc he is mighty 0 Alternate translation: “he is the strong one”
|
||||
9:19 fjk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion who can summon him? 0 This question expects an answer of “No one” to make the point that no one is able to bring God to court. This can be reworded as a statement. Alternate translation: “no one can summon him.”
|
||||
9:20 q6qk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Though I am in the right, my own mouth would condemn me; and though I am blameless, my words would prove me to be guilty 0 This verse expresses the same idea twice for emphasis.
|
||||
9:20 xtf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Though I am in the right 0 Here “I am in the right” means I am the one who has done right things. Alternate translation: “Although I have done right things” or “Even though I am innocent” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
|
||||
9:20 grl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy my own mouth would condemn me 0 Here “mouth” represents Job’s words. Alternate translation: “my own words would accuse me” or “what I say would condemn me”
|
||||
9:20 ci26 blameless 0 Alternate translation: “faultless”
|
||||
9:20 dd24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor my words would prove me to be guilty 0 Here “my words” are spoken of as if they could take action. Alternate translation: “God would use what I say to prove me guilty”
|
||||
9:20 j9y3 guilty 0 The word here has the meaning of “twisted” or “crooked.”
|
||||
9:21 n1sz I am blameless 0 Alternate translation: “I am faultless”
|
||||
9:21 ruv5 about myself 0 Alternate translation: “what happens to me”
|
||||
9:22 ahw1 It makes no difference 0 Alternate translation: “It is all the same” or “It does not matter”
|
||||
9:22 e1i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism he destroys blameless people and wicked people together 0 Here “blameless” and “wicked” are two extremes for a merism that include everything in between. Alternate translation: “he brings everyone to an end, whether they are blameless or wicked”
|
||||
9:23 hsd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor When a whip suddenly kills 0 The word “whip” here is a metaphor for any kind of disaster. Alternate translation: “When a disaster suddenly happens and people die”
|
||||
9:23 m78u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the despair of the innocent 0 The word “despair” is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb “despair.” Here it is a metonym for the innocent who are despairing. Alternate translation: “the innocent who are despairing” or “the innocent who have lost all hope”
|
||||
9:23 sgu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj innocent 0 This is a nominalized adjective. Alternate translation: “innocent people”.
|
||||
9:24 v13g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive The earth is given 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gives the earth”
|
||||
9:24 rz2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The earth is 0 Here “the earth” is used to represent the people on the earth. Alternate translation: “The people of the world are”
|
||||
9:24 g65c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy into the hand of 0 Here “hand” is a metonym for “control.” Alternate translation: “into the control of”
|
||||
9:24 l9pz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom God covers the faces of its judges 0 This idiom means God keeps the judges of the earth from being able to judge the difference between right and wrong. Alternate translation: “God makes its judges blind” or “God keeps its judges from judging rightly”
|
||||
9:24 y1iv If it is not he who does it, then who is it? 0 Alternate translation: “If it is not God who does these things, then who does them?”
|
||||
9:25 aw7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile My days are swifter than a running messenger 0 Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a fast runner. Alternate translation: “My days pass swiftly”
|
||||
9:25 um75 running messenger 0 Alternate translation: “runner” or “running man”
|
||||
9:25 s36p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification my days flee away 0 This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to run away like a person.
|
||||
9:25 a6zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification they see no good anywhere 0 This pictures the days of Job’s life as being able to see like a person.
|
||||
9:25 ej64 no good 0 Alternate translation: “no good thing”
|
||||
9:26 icr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile They are as fast as papyrus reed boats 0 Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to the speed of fast boats. Alternate translation: “They pass quickly by like papyrus reed boats”
|
||||
9:26 hle5 papyrus reed boats 0 “boats made out of reeds.” Papyrus reed is a hollow grass that grows along the banks of rivers.
|
||||
9:26 vrq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as fast as the eagle that swoops down on its victim 0 Job compares how quickly his days are passing by to a large bird diving toward its prey. Alternate translation: “as fast as the eagle that flies down quickly to catch its food”
|
||||
9:26 iuy1 swoops down 0 Alternate translation: “rushes down”
|
||||
9:27 wk23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I would forget about my complaints 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **complaint**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “complain.” Alternate translation: “I would stop complaining” or “I would stop complaining against God”
|
||||
9:27 gn93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit my complaints 0 It can be stated clearly whom Job was complaining against. Alternate translation: “my complaints against God”
|
||||
9:27 vk9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I would take off my sad face and be happy 0 Job’s sad face is spoken of here as if it was something that could be removed. Alternate translation: “I would stop looking unhappy and smile”
|
||||
9:28 rek4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases I would be afraid of all my sorrows 0 Verses 28 and 29 express the consequences if Job does what he says in verse 27. This can be expressed by adding the word “then.” Alternate translation: “Then I would be afraid of all my sorrows”
|
||||
9:28 hqx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns of all my sorrows 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sorrows**, you can express the same idea with a verb. Alternate translation: “of everything that hurts me”
|
||||
9:29 js2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I will be condemned 0 “I will be accused and punished.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God will condemn me”
|
||||
9:29 w57l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion why, then, should I try in vain? 0 Job uses this question to emphasize that he does not think it is of any use trying to get God’s attention. The implied information about what Job is trying can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It is of no use to try to get God’s attention.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
9:30 l6jt If I washed myself with snow water 0 Alternate translation: “If I bathed my body in pure, clean water”
|
||||
9:30 y111 snow water 0 the water that comes from melted snow
|
||||
9:30 b7il snow 0 white flakes of frozen water that fall from clouds in places where the air temperature is cold
|
||||
9:30 a4jk made my hands ever so clean 0 Some other versions of the Bible translate this with the meaning of “cleaned my hands with very strong soap.” Alternate translation: “made my hands exceedingly clean”
|
||||
9:31 sz3q plunge me in a ditch 0 Alternate translation: “throw me into a pit”
|
||||
9:31 vh45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification my own clothes would be disgusted with me 0 Job’s clothing is spoken of as if it would have a negative response to Job after God plunged him into a ditch. Alternate translation: “I would be too filthy for my own clothing”
|
||||
9:32 va67 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit answer him 0 Job implies that God has charged him of doing wrong, and he wants to respond to those charges. Alternate translation: “answer his charges against me” or “defend myself” or “argue my innocence with him”
|
||||
9:32 yb3i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy come together in court 0 “come together to trial.” Here “court” is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. “Coming together in court” is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate translation: “confront each other before a judge”
|
||||
9:33 z743 There is no judge between us 0 This means there is no judge who is greater than God who could decide what is right between him and Job.
|
||||
9:33 es66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom lay his hand upon us both 0 Here “lay his hand upon” means having power or authority over. Alternate translation: “take hold of both of us” or “have authority over both of us”
|
||||
9:34 hm1t Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThese verses continue the previous argument that no one is greater than God who could act as a judge between God and Job.
|
||||
9:34 cc5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy take God’s rod off me 0 Here “God’s rod” is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate translation: “stop God from punishing me”
|
||||
9:34 vs1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns keep his terror from frightening me 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terror**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “terrify.” Alternate translation: “keep him from terrifying and frightening me”
|
||||
9:35 fa78 Then would I speak up 0 Alternate translation: “Then I would speak”
|
||||
9:35 ug86 as things are now 0 Alternate translation: “because this is how things are now”
|
||||
10:intro ul99 0 # Job 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is a continuation of Job’s response to Bildad.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Job’s righteousness\nDespite being upset about his circumstances, Job does not curse Yahweh. Instead, he defends himself to Yahweh, while trusting in his decision. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to defend himself. He does not believe that he committed a sin deserving severe punishment. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
10:1 ch7h I am weary of my life 0 Alternate translation: “I am tired of living”
|
||||
10:1 p5cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns I will give free expression to my complaint 0 The abstract nouns “expression” and “complaint” can be translated as the verbs “express” and “complain.” Alternate translation: “I will freely express what I have to complain about” or “I will argue freely”
|
||||
10:1 zk1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I will speak in the bitterness of my soul 0 How Job feels is compared to a bitter taste. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **bitterness**, you can express the same idea with the adverb “bitterly.” Alternate translation: “My inner being will speak bitterly” or “I will bitterly speak out” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
||||
10:3 aaw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Is it good to you that you should oppress me, to despise the work of your hands while you smile on the plans of the wicked? 0 This question expects a “no” answer and can be changed into a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not good that you should oppress me, that you should despise the work of your hands, while you smile on the plans of the wicked.”
|
||||
10:3 vw7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the work of your hands 0 Here God is represented by his “hands.” Alternate translation: “what you have created”
|
||||
10:3 q8wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom smile on the plans of the wicked 0 Here the idiom “smiling on” represents God’s approval. Alternate translation: “approve the plans of the wicked”
|
||||
10:4 d65r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees? 0 These two questions have nearly the same meaning. These questions expect a negative answer to emphasize that God does not see or understand things the same way a man does. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You do not have eyes of flesh, and you do not see like a man sees.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
|
||||
10:5 e9t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 Job begins to ask a rhetorical question. He is saying that God lives forever but people live only for a short time, so God should not worry about Job’s sins.
|
||||
10:5 awt6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism your days like the days of mankind … your years like the years of people 0 These two phrases have nearly the same meaning.
|
||||
10:5 st4n your days 0 Alternate translation: “the number of your days”
|
||||
10:5 tjp4 your years 0 Alternate translation: “the number of your years”
|
||||
10:6 qf3d Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nJob continues the rhetorical question he began in verse 5. (See: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion)
|
||||
10:6 zdk3 inquire after my iniquity 0 Alternate translation: “look to see if I have committed iniquity”
|
||||
10:7 eu61 Connecting Statement: 0 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThis is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5.
|
||||
10:7 s3k7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion although you know … from your hand? 0 This is the end of the rhetorical question that begins with the words “Are your days” in verse 5. The whole question can be translated as a statement. “Your days are not like the days of mankind, and your years are not like the years of people, so you should not inquire after my iniquity and search after my sin, because you know I am not guilty and there is no one who can rescue me from your hand.”
|
||||
10:7 vzd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche from your hand 0 Here “your hand” represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “from your power”
|
||||
10:8 tx92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche Your hands 0 Here “hands” represent God and his creative action. Alternate translation: “You”
|
||||
10:8 x1dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Your hands have framed and fashioned me together round about 0 Job is using a metaphor of a potter forming clay to describe how God carefully created him.
|
||||
10:8 p1ml rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet framed and fashioned me 0 “shaped and formed me.” The words “framed” and “fashioned” are similar in meaning.
|
||||
10:9 l83b Call to mind 0 Alternate translation: “Remember”
|
||||
10:9 zg5j bring me into dust again 0 Alternate translation: “turn me back into dust again”
|
||||
10:10 vpu6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry 0 # General Information:\n\nIn these verses, Job uses the language of poetry to describe how God formed him in the womb.
|
||||
10:10 h664 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have you not poured me out like milk and curdled me like cheese? 0 This is a question that expects a positive answer. Alternate translation: “You poured me out like milk and curdled me like cheese.” or “You formed me in the womb like poured milk becomes cheese.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
|
||||
10:10 c2ul you 0 Here “you” refers to God.
|
||||
10:10 wk3h me 0 Here “me” refers to Job.
|
||||
10:11 p9pw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You have clothed me with skin and flesh 0 God putting skin and flesh on Job’s body is spoken of as if God was putting clothing on him. Alternate translation: “You have put skin and flesh on my body”
|
||||
10:11 mxm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor knit me together 0 “wove me together.” God putting Job’s body together in the womb is spoken of as if God was knitting or weaving a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “put me together”
|
||||
10:11 hut9 sinews 0 the parts of the body that connect muscles to bones or other body parts and are like tough, white bands or cords
|
||||
10:12 tc2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns You have granted me life and covenant faithfulness 0 The abstract nouns “life” and “faithfulness” can be stated as “live” and “faithful.” Alternate translation: “You have been faithful to your covenant and allowed me to live”
|
||||
10:12 dt8a your help 0 Alternate translation: “your care”
|
||||
10:12 h7in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche guarded my spirit 0 Here Job is represented by his “spirit.” Alternate translation: “guarded me” or “watched carefully over me” or “kept me safe”
|
||||
10:14 zj6t you would notice it 0 Alternate translation: “you would watch me”
|
||||
10:15 l6ww If I have acted wickedly 0 Alternate translation: “If I do evil things”
|
||||
10:15 vwh2 woe to me 0 Alternate translation: “how terrible will it be for me”
|
||||
10:15 h2sc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom lift up my head 0 This idiom means to be sure or confident. Alternate translation: “hold my head up” or “be confident” or “be sure about myself”
|
||||
10:15 yg3e I am filled with disgrace—see my affliction 0 Another possible meaning, followed by some versions, is, “I am full of disgrace and am completely full of my own suffering,” where the disgrace is bad but the suffering is even worse.
|
||||
10:15 amu8 I am filled with disgrace 0 Alternate translation: “I am totally ashamed” or “No one respects me anymore”
|
||||
10:15 fs2u disgrace 0 shame
|
||||
10:15 bu5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns see my affliction 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **affliction**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form such as “afflict.” Alternate translation: “see how God is afflicting me”
|
||||
10:16 z3nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo If my head were lifted up, you would stalk me like a lion 0 This could mean: (1) this is a hypothetical situation that has not happened or (2) this is a description of a situation that happens repeatedly. Alternate translation: “When my head is lifted up, you stalk me like a lion”
|
||||
10:16 ya75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom If my head were lifted up 0 This idiom means to become self-confident or proud. Alternate translation: “If I become proud” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
10:16 bss8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile you would stalk me like a lion 0 Possible meanings of this simile are: (1) God hunts Job like a lion hunts its prey or (2) Job is like a lion being hunted by God.
|
||||
10:16 yj7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony again you would show yourself with marvellous acts of power against me 0 This phrase expresses irony in how God displays his marvelous power by acting to harm Job. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
|
||||
10:17 u754 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor You bring new witnesses against me 0 Job’s troubles from God are spoken of as if they were people who were witnesses against him.
|
||||
10:17 di4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns increase your anger against me 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you can express the same idea with the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “are more and more angry with me”
|
||||
10:17 zs8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you attack me with fresh armies 0 God sending troubles against Job is spoken of as if God was constantly sending new armies against him.
|
||||
10:18 zk6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor brought me out of the womb 0 Here being brought out of the womb represents being born into this world. Alternate translation: “brought me out of my mother’s womb” or “brought me into this world”
|
||||
10:18 n2ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor given up my spirit 0 Giving up one’s spirit represents dying. Alternate translation: “died”
|
||||
10:18 s56b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche and that no eye had ever seen me 0 Job uses “eye” here to refer to the whole person. He wishes he could have died at birth, before anyone saw him. Alternate translation: “before any person had ever seen me” or “before I was born”
|
||||
10:19 bzd2 I had never existed 0 Alternate translation: “I had never lived”
|
||||
10:19 uc37 I would have been carried 0 Alternate translation: “My body would have been carried”
|
||||
10:20 yd2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Are not my days only a few? 0 Here “my days” represent the length of Job’s life. This question expects a positive answer, to emphasize that Job only expects to live a few more days. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I only have a few days left to live.” or “My life will soon end.”
|
||||
10:21 f7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the land 0 Here the place where the spirits of dead people go is spoken of as if it was a land. Alternate translation: “the place”
|
||||
10:21 i9h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet of darkness and of the shadow of death 0 The phrase “shadow of death” intensifies the idea of “darkness.” Both phrases describe where the spirits of dead people go.
|
||||
10:21 zq3v the shadow of death 0 See how you translated this in [Job 3:5](../03/05.md).
|
||||
10:22 xkq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as dark as midnight 0 The darkness of the place where the spirits of dead people go is compared to the darkness of midnight.
|
||||
10:22 r9u5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes without any order 0 This negative phrase can be expressed in positive form. Alternate translation: “full of confusion” or “where all is confused”
|
||||
10:22 a8nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile where the light is like midnight 0 The light of the place where the spirits of dead people go is compared to midnight. Alternate translation: “where there is no light”
|
||||
6:intro r7kh 0 # Job 6 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is the beginning of Job’s response to Eliphaz.\n\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nJob uses many different metaphors in this chapter to express his pain or despair and to show that he is upset with his friends, who are supposed to help him during difficult times. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob often uses the question form in this chapter to make emphatic statements or exclamations. This emphasis helps strengthen Job’s response to Eliphaz. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### plural “you”\n\nBeginning in verse 21, Job addresses his friends directly. So when he uses the word **you** from that verse to the end of the chapter, the word is plural. Use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
6:2 j183 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ל֗וּ שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל כַּעְשִׂ֑י וְ֝הַוָּתִ֗י בְּֽמֹאזְנַ֥יִם יִשְׂאוּ־יָֽחַד 1 Job is speaking as if his **anguish** and **calamity** could literally be **weighed**. He means that he wishes he could prove that his calamity is so great that it justifies the anguish he is feeling and has been expressing. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I wish I could prove that I am feeling and showing an amount of anguish that is equal to my calamity ”
|
||||
6:2 use6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ל֗וּ שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל כַּעְשִׂ֑י וְ֝הַוָּתִ֗י בְּֽמֹאזְנַ֥יִם יִשְׂאוּ־יָֽחַד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “If only someone would weigh my anguish thoroughly and lay my calamity in the balances”
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6:2 cqr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ל֗וּ שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל כַּעְשִׂ֑י וְ֝הַוָּתִ֗י בְּֽמֹאזְנַ֥יִם יִשְׂאוּ־יָֽחַד 1 The word **balances** describes an instrument for determining the weight of an object or comparing the weight of two objects. It consists of a central post with a crossbar from which two pans are hung. An object may be placed in one pan and known weights placed in the other pan until the crossbar remains level, meaning that both pans contain an equal weight. Or one object may be placed in one pan and a different object in the other pan; the pan that hangs lower contains the heavier object. If your readers would not be familiar with what **balances** are, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “If only someone would weigh both my anguish and my calamity on a scale”
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6:2 j184 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שָׁק֣וֹל יִשָּׁקֵ֣ל 1 The words **were thoroughly weighed** translate a repeated verb. Job is repeating the verb “weigh” for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
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6:3 l5j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מֵח֣וֹל יַמִּ֣ים יִכְבָּ֑ד 1 Job is using the pronoun **it** to refer to his anguish. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “my anguish would be heavier than the sand of the seas”
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6:3 j9lz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification דְּבָרַ֥י לָֽעוּ 1 Job is speaking of his **words** as if they were a living thing that has **raved** to his friends. He means that he himself has raved or spoken vehemently to them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I raved when I spoke to you”
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||||
6:4 se7m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חִצֵּ֪י שַׁדַּ֡י עִמָּדִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲ֭מָתָם שֹׁתָ֣ה רוּחִ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if God had literally shot **arrows** with **poison** into him. He means that the bad things that have happened to him, for which he considers God responsible, are making him suffer and feel desperate, as if he were dying from the poison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am suffering desperately because of what Shaddai has done to me”
|
||||
6:4 j185 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession חִצֵּ֪י שַׁדַּ֡י עִמָּדִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֣ר חֲ֭מָתָם שֹׁתָ֣ה רוּחִ֑י 1 Job is using the possessive form to refer to an inner part of himself, the locus of his motivations and aspirations, as his **spirit**. He is not referring to a separate supernatural being, a spirit, that belongs to him. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “my morale is suffering desperately because of what Shaddai has done to me”
|
||||
6:4 m898 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֹׁתָ֣ה 1 Job is speaking as if his **spirit** were literally **drinking** poison from arrows that had struck him. He means, within the context of that metaphor, that his spirit is absorbing the poison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is absorbing”
|
||||
6:4 l3u6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בִּעוּתֵ֖י אֱל֣וֹהַּ יַֽעַרְכֽוּנִי 1 Job is speaking of **the terrors of God** (that is, the things he believes God is doing to terrify him) as if they were living things that could **array themselves** against him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God is doing many things all at once that terrify me”
|
||||
6:5 vas3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיִֽנְהַק־פֶּ֥רֶא עֲלֵי־דֶ֑שֶׁא אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽוֹ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “A wild donkey does not bray over grass! Indeed, an ox does not bellow over its fodder!”
|
||||
6:5 j186 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs הֲיִֽנְהַק־פֶּ֥רֶא עֲלֵי־דֶ֑שֶׁא אִ֥ם יִגְעֶה־שּׁ֝֗וֹר עַל־בְּלִילֽוֹ 1 Job is quoting or creating a proverb, a short saying about something that is generally true in life. This proverb draws a figurative comparison: Just as animals do not complain loudly if they have food, so Job would not be protesting so vehemently if something were not seriously wrong. But since Job has already made this point explicitly in verse 3 (“therefore my words raved”), you do not need to explain it here. Rather, you can translate the proverb itself in a way that will be recognized as a proverb and be meaningful in your language and culture. If your readers would not recognize what a **wild donkey** or an **ox** is, in your translation you could use animals that your readers would recognize.
|
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6:6 cg4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִבְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּרִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “The unsavory will not be eaten without salt! And there is no taste in the white of an egg!”
|
||||
6:6 l3sd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs הֲיֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִבְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּרִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת 1 Job is quoting or creating a proverb, a short saying about something that is generally true in life. This proverb draws a figurative comparison: Just as it is necessary to season some foods in order to eat them, so it is necessary to talk expressively about some situations in life in order to endure them. Job has already made this point explicitly in verse 3 (“therefore my words raved”), but perhaps the connection will not be as clear in this case as in the previous verse. So you could make the connection more explicitly. Alternatively, you could translate the proverb itself in a way that would be recognized as a proverb and be meaningful in your language and culture. If people in your culture would not eat **the white of an egg**, in your translation you could use a food that your readers would recognize. Alternate translation: “I cannot endure these troubles without talking emotionally about them, any more than people can eat bland food without seasoning it”
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6:6 j187 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj הֲיֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִבְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח 1 Job is using the adjective **unsavory** as a noun to mean a certain kind of food. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “Will unsavory food be eaten without salt”
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||||
6:6 xfj2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הֲיֵאָכֵ֣ל תָּ֭פֵל מִבְּלִי־מֶ֑לַח 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Will people eat unsavory food without salt”
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||||
6:6 j188 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִם־יֶשׁ־טַ֝֗עַם בְּרִ֣יר חַלָּמֽוּת 1 Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a contrary answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “There is no taste in the white of an egg, is there”
|
||||
6:7 j189 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מֵאֲנָ֣ה & נַפְשִׁ֑י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **soul**, to mean all of himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have refused”
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6:7 j190 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לִנְגּ֣וֹעַ 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Job is moving from quoting a proverb that uses food as an illustration to talking about his actual food. Alternate translation: “to touch food”
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6:7 hy2z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִנְגּ֣וֹעַ 1 In this context, the word **touch** means “eat.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to eat food”
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||||
6:7 j191 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הֵ֝֗מָּה 1 The pronoun **they** refers to the troubles that Job has been experiencing. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “my troubles”
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6:7 j192 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּדְוֵ֥י לַחְמִֽי 1 The point of this comparison is that just as **disease** can make a person feel too badly to eat, so Job’s troubles are making him feel too badly to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “are making me feel too badly to eat, as if I were sick”
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6:7 j193 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לַחְמִֽי 1 Job is referring to eating by association with the **food** that people eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “when I eat”
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6:8 j194 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן תָּב֣וֹא שֶֽׁאֱלָתִ֑י 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone would grant that my request would come!”
|
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6:8 j195 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification מִֽי־יִ֭תֵּן תָּב֣וֹא שֶֽׁאֱלָתִ֑י 1 Job is speaking of his **request** as if it were a living thing that could **come** to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Who will grant my request” or “I wish that someone would make happen what I am requesting”
|
||||
6:9 yf92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וְיֹאֵ֣ל אֱ֭לוֹהַּ וִֽידַכְּאֵ֑נִי 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two verbs connected with **and**. The verb **be willing** tells in what way Job hopes God will **crush** him. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use “and.” Alternate translation: “and may God willingly crush me” or “and may God agree to crush me”
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6:9 f53h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יַתֵּ֥ר יָ֝ד֗וֹ 1 Here, **hand** represents the capability of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “may he use his power”
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6:9 j196 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וִֽיבַצְּעֵֽנִי 1 Job is speaking as if he were a branch that God might **cut … off** from a tree in order to kill it. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and kill me”
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6:10 gre4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וּ֥תְהִי ע֨וֹד ׀ נֶ֘חָ֤מָתִ֗י וַאֲסַלְּדָ֣ה בְ֭חִילָה לֹ֣א יַחְמ֑וֹל כִּי־לֹ֥א כִ֝חַ֗דְתִּי אִמְרֵ֥י קָדֽוֹשׁ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could put the last phrase in this sentence first, since it gives the reason for what the first and second phrases describe. Alternate translation: “I have not concealed the sayings of the Holy One, so may that still be my consolation, may it enable me to be cheerful in pain even if God does not spare me”
|
||||
6:10 j197 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֥תְהִי ע֨וֹד ׀ נֶ֘חָ֤מָתִ֗י 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **consolation**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “And may this still console me”
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||||
6:10 j198 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹ֣א יַחְמ֑וֹל 1 The pronoun **he** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “may God not spare”
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6:10 j199 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א יַחְמ֑וֹל 1 Job is not wishing that God would not spare him. He is referring implicitly to the possibility that God might not spare him. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “even if God does not spare me”
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6:10 j200 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹ֥א כִ֝חַ֗דְתִּי אִמְרֵ֥י קָדֽוֹשׁ 1 Job is speaking as if his he could literally have **concealed** the **sayings of the Holy One**. He means that he has not treated God’s decrees regarding people as if they did not exist. In other words, he has obeyed them and, to this point in the book, he has not questioned them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have not disobeyed or questioned the sayings of the Holy One” or “I have not disobeyed or questioned God’s decrees”
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||||
6:10 ji9n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives לֹ֥א כִ֝חַ֗דְתִּי אִמְרֵ֥י קָדֽוֹשׁ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative verb **concealed**. Alternate translation: “I have obeyed God’s decrees” or “I have trusted God’s decrees”
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6:10 j201 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj קָדֽוֹשׁ 1 Job is using the adjective **Holy** as a noun to refer to God by describing what God is like. The ULT adds the word **One** to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this expression with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “God, who is holy”
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||||
6:11 b1ue rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַה־כֹּחִ֥י כִֽי־אֲיַחֵ֑ל וּמַה־קִּ֝צִּ֗י כִּֽי־אַאֲרִ֥יךְ נַפְשִֽׁי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “I do not have enough strength to wait! And I should not try to prolong my life beyond when it will end!”
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6:11 j202 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִֽי־אֲיַחֵ֑ל 1 Job means implicitly that he does not have the strength to wait or endure until he receives the long-term blessings that Eliphaz said he would have if he committed his cause to God. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “that I should wait for those blessings” or “that I would be able to endure until I received those blessings”
|
||||
6:12 vp49 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִם־כֹּ֣חַ אֲבָנִ֣ים כֹּחִ֑י אִֽם־בְּשָׂרִ֥י נָחֽוּשׁ 1 In both cases, Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a contrary answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “My strength is not the strength of stones, is it? My flesh is not bronze, is it?”
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||||
6:12 n69y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אִם־כֹּ֣חַ אֲבָנִ֣ים כֹּחִ֑י אִֽם־בְּשָׂרִ֥י נָחֽוּשׁ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “My strength is not the strength of stones! My flesh is not bronze!”
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||||
6:12 j203 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִֽם־בְּשָׂרִ֥י נָחֽוּשׁ 1 Job is speaking as if his **flesh** might literally be **bronze**. He is actually making a comparison. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My flesh is not as durable as bronze, is it?” or “My flesh is not as durable as bronze!”
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||||
6:13 j204 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הַאִ֬ם אֵ֣ין עֶזְרָתִ֣י בִ֑י וְ֝תֻשִׁיָּ֗ה נִדְּחָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנִּי 1 Job is using the word **If** to introduce questions that anticipate negative answers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “My help is not in me, is it, and initiative has been taken away from me, hasn’t it?”
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||||
6:13 lg48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַאִ֬ם אֵ֣ין עֶזְרָתִ֣י בִ֑י וְ֝תֻשִׁיָּ֗ה נִדְּחָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנִּי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “My help is not in me, and initiative has been taken away from me!”
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||||
6:13 h5wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ֝תֻשִׁיָּ֗ה נִדְּחָ֥ה מִמֶּֽנִּי 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and my troubles have taken initiative away from me”
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6:13 j205 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ֝תֻשִׁיָּ֗ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **initiative**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and the capacity to act on my own behalf”
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||||
6:14 j343 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj לַמָּ֣ס מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ חָ֑סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **covenant faithfulness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “The friend of someone who is despairing should help him faithfully”
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||||
6:14 s4yi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj לַמָּ֣ס 1 Job is using the adjective **despairing** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “To someone who is despairing”
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||||
6:14 e6e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מֵרֵעֵ֣הוּ חָ֑סֶד 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “there should be covenant faithfulness from his friend”
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||||
6:14 naj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְיִרְאַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲזֽוֹב 1 This could mean implicitly: (1) that a friend should show faithfulness to a despairing person even if that person forsakes the fear of Shaddai (as Job’s friends believe he may be doing). Alternate translation: “even if that despairing person forsakes the fear of Shaddai” (2) that if a friend does not show faithfulness to a despairing person, that friend forsakes the fear of Shaddai. Alternate translation: “otherwise that friend forsakes the fear of Shaddai”
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||||
6:14 j206 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְיִרְאַ֖ת שַׁדַּ֣י יַעֲזֽוֹב 1 Job is using the word **fear** to mean respect for God that leads a person to obey God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that in your translation. Alternate translation: “even if he does not respect and obey Shaddai” or “otherwise he does not respect and obey Shaddai”
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||||
6:15 j207 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַ֭חַי 1 Job is using the term **brothers** figuratively to mean his three friends. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My friends”
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6:15 j208 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אַ֭חַי 1 Job is speaking about his friends in the third person even though they are present. If it would be more natural in your language, you could translate this in the second person. Alternate translation: “You friends of mine”
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6:15 p13y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile בָּגְד֣וּ כְמוֹ־נָ֑חַל 1 The point of this comparison is that just as a **seasonal stream** would appear to be a good source of water but then fail in the dry season, so Job’s friends seemingly came to offer encouragement, but they have provided none. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “have dealt treacherously by seeming to offer encouragement but then not offering any, like a seasonal stream that seems to offer water but then fails in the dry season”
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||||
6:15 j209 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כַּאֲפִ֖יק נְחָלִ֣ים יַעֲבֹֽרוּ 1 In this context, the expression **pass away** means to dry up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “like a channel of seasonal streams, they dry up” or “like a channel of seasonal streams, you dry up”
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||||
6:15 l6xj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כַּאֲפִ֖יק נְחָלִ֣ים יַעֲבֹֽרוּ 1 Job is speaking as if his friends literally **pass away** or dry up the way a desert stream does. He means that in the end, they fail to provide the encouragement that they implicitly promised by coming to see him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “They have no help to offer in the end, like a channel for seasonal streams that runs dry” or “You have no help to offer in the end, like a channel for seasonal streams that runs dry”
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||||
6:16-20 j210 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo 0 In verses 16–20, Job develops the image of his friends being like a stream of water that runs dry. Since Job explains the meaning of the image again in verse 21, you do not need to explain it in your translation in verses 16–20.
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6:16-17 j211 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge 0 In this verse, Job describes the state of desert streams in the cold season, and in the next verse, he contrasts that with the state of the streams in the hot season. To show this contrast, you could create a verse bridge for verses 16–17. It might say something like this: “Even though, in the cold season, these streams are dark from ice over their channel, indeed, snow covers that channel, in the hot season, the streams go dry and vanish, the heat dries them up completely”
|
||||
6:16 pnp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הַקֹּדְרִ֥ים מִנִּי־קָ֑רַח עָ֝לֵ֗ימוֹ יִתְעַלֶּם־שָֽׁלֶג 1 The pronoun **it** refers in both cases to the “channel” of streams that Job described in the previous verse. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers, and It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “These streams are dark from ice over their channel; that channel hides itself with snow”
|
||||
6:16 cq2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יִתְעַלֶּם־שָֽׁלֶג 1 Job is speaking as if a channel of desert streams were a living thing that **hides itself with snow** in the winter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “snow covers this channel”
|
||||
6:17 z6dh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive נִצְמָ֑תוּ & נִדְעֲכ֥וּ מִמְּקוֹמָֽם 1 If your language does not use these passive forms, you could express the ideas in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the dryness annihilates them … the heat exterminates them”
|
||||
6:18 vke1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִ֭לָּ֣פְתוּ אָרְח֣וֹת דַּרְכָּ֑ם 1 The implication is that these **Caravans** are leaving their usual routes to look for water in the dry season. The oases along the routes have presumably dried up, and the caravans are going to places where they expect to find streams still flowing. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Caravans turn themselves aside from their way to look for water”
|
||||
6:18 j212 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יַעֲל֖וּ 1 The expression **go up** does not necessarily indicate travel to a higher elevation. In this context, it probably means to leave the caravan route and go into the untracked desert. Your language may have a comparable expression that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “they go out”
|
||||
6:19 j213 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis הִ֭בִּיטוּ אָרְח֣וֹת תֵּמָ֑א 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Caravans from Tema looked for water”
|
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6:19 ua63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names תֵּמָ֑א & שְׁ֝בָ֗א 1 The words **Tema** and **Sheba** are the names of regions.
|
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6:19 n6an rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns קִוּוּ־לָֽמוֹ 1 The pronoun **them** refers to the desert streams Job has been talking about. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “hoped to find streams of water”
|
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6:20 mue3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בֹּ֥שׁוּ & וַיֶּחְפָּֽרוּ 1 The expressions translated **They were ashamed** and **they were confounded** may seem like passive verbal expressions, and if your language does not use such expressions, you could express these idea in active form or in another way that would be natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They felt shame … but the dry stream bed confounded them”
|
||||
6:20 j214 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns עָ֝דֶ֗יהָ 1 The pronoun **it** refers to the stream bed where the caravans expected to find water. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “as far as the stream bed where they expected to find water”
|
||||
6:21 gk7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כִּֽי 1 Job is using the word **For** to explain in what way his friends are like the desert streams he has been describing, as he said they were in verse 15. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “You are like these streams because”
|
||||
6:21 t8mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular הֱיִ֣יתֶם & תִּֽרְא֥וּ & וַתִּירָֽאוּ 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, the word **you** is plural here and in the rest of the chapter because Job is using it to address his three friends. Use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
6:21 wa4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֱיִ֣יתֶם לא 1 Job is speaking of his friends as if they had become **nothing**, just as a stream ceases to exist when all of its water dries up. He means that his friends are offering him no help, just as a dried-up stream would not help a caravan that needed water in the desert. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are not offering me any help”
|
||||
6:21 zr7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תִּֽרְא֥וּ חֲ֝תַ֗ת וַתִּירָֽאוּ 1 Job seems to be saying implicitly that his friends think that God has afflicted him with a **terror** and so they are afraid to console him, because they think God will afflict them as well if they take his side. You can indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you think that God has sent this terror and so you are afraid to help me because you think God will punish you if you do”
|
||||
6:22 vq26 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲֽכִי־ אָ֭מַרְתִּי הָ֣בוּ לִ֑י וּ֝מִכֹּחֲכֶ֗ם שִׁחֲד֥וּ בַעֲדִֽי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “I did not say to you, ‘Give me something’! Or, ‘Make a gift to me from your wealth’!”
|
||||
6:22 j341 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes הֲֽכִי־ אָ֭מַרְתִּי הָ֣בוּ לִ֑י וּ֝מִכֹּחֲכֶ֗ם שִׁחֲד֥וּ בַעֲדִֽי 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there are not quotations within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Is it that I told you to give me something? Or to make me a gift from your wealth?” or “I did not tell you to give me something or to make me a gift from your wealth”
|
||||
6:23 j216 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמַלְּט֥וּנִי מִיַּד־ צָ֑ר וּמִיַּ֖ד עָרִיצִ֣ים תִּפְדּֽוּנִי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “I also did not say to you, ‘Save me from the hand of the enemy’! Or, ‘From the hand of the oppressors rescue me’!”
|
||||
6:23 j217 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes וּמַלְּט֥וּנִי מִיַּד־ צָ֑ר וּמִיַּ֖ד עָרִיצִ֣ים תִּפְדּֽוּנִי 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Did I ask you to save me from the hand of the enemy or rescue me from the hand of the oppressors?” or “I did not ask you to save me from the hand of the enemy or rescue me from the hand of the oppressors!”
|
||||
6:23 x1gs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִיַּד & וּמִיַּ֖ד 1 Here, **hand** represents the capability of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the power of … Or, ‘From the power of …’”
|
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6:24 j218 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַאֲנִ֣י אַחֲרִ֑ישׁ 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **will be silent**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I will certainly be silent”
|
||||
6:24 j219 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמַה־ שָּׁ֝גִ֗יתִי 1 Job is speaking as if he could have literally **strayed** off the right path. He means that he could have done something wrong. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and what I have done wrong”
|
||||
6:25 j220 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִמְרֵי־יֹ֑שֶׁר 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **uprightness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “upright words”
|
||||
6:25 bt6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמַה־ יּוֹכִ֖יחַ הוֹכֵ֣חַ מִכֶּֽם 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “But correcting from you does not correct anything!”
|
||||
6:25 rrn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וּמַה־ יּוֹכִ֖יחַ הוֹכֵ֣חַ מִכֶּֽם 1 For emphasis, Job is using a construction in which a subject and its verb come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “But what does your attempted correction really accomplish?” or “Your attempted correction really accomplishes nothing!”
|
||||
6:26 j221 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis הַלְהוֹכַ֣ח מִלִּ֣ים תַּחְשֹׁ֑בוּ וּ֝לְר֗וּחַ אִמְרֵ֥י נֹאָֽשׁ 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Do you think to correct my words, and do you liken to the wind the words of one despairing”
|
||||
6:26 l7bp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַלְהוֹכַ֣ח מִלִּ֣ים תַּחְשֹׁ֑בוּ וּ֝לְר֗וּחַ אִמְרֵ֥י נֹאָֽשׁ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You think to correct my words, and you liken the words of one despairing to the wind!” or “You only want to prove me wrong; you do not believe that I am justified in saying these desperate things!”
|
||||
6:26 j222 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וּ֝לְר֗וּחַ אִמְרֵ֥י נֹאָֽשׁ 1 If Job is saying that his friends are likening his words to the wind, then Job is making a comparison. The point of the comparison is that Job’s friends consider his **words** to be trivial, having no more substance than **wind**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “and do you consider the words of one despairing to be as insubstantial as the wind”
|
||||
6:27 w62r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל־ יָת֥וֹם תַּפִּ֑ילוּ וְ֝תִכְר֗וּ עַל־ רֵֽיעֲכֶֽם 1 Job assumes that his friends will understand that he is referring to two practices of his culture. If a man died who was indebted to others, his creditors could claim his children as slaves in repayment of the debt. Job is describing how such creditors might **cast lots** in order to determine which of them would get a particular child as a slave. Job is also referring to the practice of selling someone into slavery in order to obtain repayment of a debt. You can explain some of this cultural background in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you cast lots to see which of you will have as a slave a child whose father, indebted to you, has died, and you try to get the best price for a friend whom you are selling into slavery to obtain repayment of his debt to you”
|
||||
6:27 q6lj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־ יָת֥וֹם תַּפִּ֑ילוּ וְ֝תִכְר֗וּ עַל־ רֵֽיעֲכֶֽם 1 Job is speaking as if his friends would literally **cast lots** to see which of them would have an **orphan** as his slave and **haggle** over the price of a **friend** they were selling into slavery. Job does not mean that his friends are actually doing these things; he is making a comparison. The implication is that these are particularly callous things to do to a helpless **orphan** or to a **friend**, and Job is saying that his friends are acting just as callously towards him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. The UST models one way of doing this.
|
||||
6:28 m2bq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וְ֭עַתָּה הוֹאִ֣ילוּ פְנוּ־בִ֑י וְעַל־פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־אֲכַזֵּֽב 1 Job is asking his friends to perform a symbolic action by looking directly at him so that he can look them right in the face himself. Job wants to be able to do this in order to dramatize the sincerity of what he is saying. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “But now, be willing, look at me, so that I can look right at you to show that I am speaking the truth”
|
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6:28 j223 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְעַל־פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־אֲכַזֵּֽב 1 This could mean: (1) that Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. Specifically, he is speaking the first part of an oath and leaving the second part understood. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and if I would like to your faces, then may God punish me severely!” (2) that Job is using the word **if** to introduce a question that anticipates a contrary answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “for I would not lie to your faces, would I?”
|
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6:28 q6v3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְעַל־פְּ֝נֵיכֶ֗ם אִם־אֲכַזֵּֽב 1 Job is using one part of his friends, his **faces**, to mean all of them in the act of looking at him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and if I would lie to you while you were looking at me”
|
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6:29 c7zi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שֻֽׁבוּ & וְשׁ֥וּבוּ 1 Job is speaking as if he wants his friends literally to **turn** and go in a different direction. He means that he wants them to start treating him differently. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “start treating me differently … yes, treat me differently”
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||||
6:29 j224 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אַל־תְּהִ֣י עַוְלָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **injustice**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “do not treat me unjustly”
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6:29 fcq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives אַל־תְּהִ֣י עַוְלָ֑ה 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative noun **injustice**. Alternate translation: “let there be justice” or “treat me justly”
|
||||
6:29 j225 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ע֝וֹד צִדְקִי־בָֽהּ 1 The pronoun **it** seems to refer to Job’s cause. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “my righteousness is yet in my cause” or “my cause is still righteous”
|
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6:30 km3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיֵשׁ־ בִּלְשׁוֹנִ֥י עַוְלָ֑ה אִם־ חִ֝כִּ֗י לֹא־ יָבִ֥ין הַוּֽוֹת 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis in both of these sentences. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these sentences as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “There is no injustice on my tongue! My mouth discerns iniquity!”
|
||||
6:30 z316 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲיֵשׁ־בִּלְשׁוֹנִ֥י עַוְלָ֑ה 1 Job is referring to what he says by association with the **tongue** by which he says it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Is there injustice in what I have been saying”
|
||||
6:30 j226 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִם־חִ֝כִּ֗י לֹא־יָבִ֥ין הַוּֽוֹת 1 Job is using the word **If** to introduce a question that anticipates a contrary answer. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this in your translation. Alternate translation: “My mouth discerns iniquity, does it not”
|
||||
6:30 f1ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification אִם־חִ֝כִּ֗י לֹא־יָבִ֥ין הַוּֽוֹת 1 Job is speaking of his **mouth** as if it were a living thing that could **discern iniquity**. He means that he himself is able to discern whether something he might say with his mouth would be morally wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I discern whether I might be speaking iniquity, do I not?” or “Certainly I can discern whether I might be speaking iniquity!”
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6:30 j227 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הַוּֽוֹת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **iniquity**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what is iniquitous” or “what is morally wrong”
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7:intro y5ka 0 # Job 7 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Job finishes responding to Eliphaz’s first speech, and he also addresses God directly in light of his exchange with Eliphaz.\n- Verses 1–6: Job continues to respond to Elilphaz\n- Verses 7–21: Job addresses God directly\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nJob uses many different images in this chapter to describe what the things are like that he is feeling and experiencing. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nJob often uses the question form in this chapter to emphasize the points he is making to Eliphaz and to God. Notes suggest how these questions may be translated as statements or exclamations if that would be more natural in your language. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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7:1 nz5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־ צָבָ֣א לֶאֱנ֣וֹשׁ על־ אָ֑רֶץ וְכִימֵ֖י שָׂכִ֣יר יָמָֽיו 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “Man has hardship on earth! Yes, his days are like the days of a hireling!”
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7:1 j228 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הֲלֹא־צָבָ֣א לֶאֱנ֣וֹשׁ על־אָ֑רֶץ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hardship**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Life on earth is hard for a man!”
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7:1 j229 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations לֶאֱנ֣וֹשׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “to a person”
|
||||
7:1 m3yt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְכִימֵ֖י שָׂכִ֣יר יָמָֽיו 1 Job is using this comparison to say that just as **the days of a hireling** (that is, someone hired by the day for manual labor) are long and difficult, so his days are long and difficult. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “Yes, are not his days long and difficult, like those of a hireling?”
|
||||
7:2 g9ji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּעֶ֥בֶד יִשְׁאַף־ צֵ֑ל וּ֝כְשָׂכִ֗יר יְקַוֶּ֥ה פָעֳלֽוֹ 1 The point of this comparison, as Job makes clear in the next verse, is that just as a **slave** and a **hireling** have to endure long periods of wishing for relief, so Job has gone a long time without relief. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “As a slave wishes all through a long, hot day that evening would come, and as a hireling must wait until the end of the day to be paid”
|
||||
7:2 f1pu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy צֵ֑ל 1 Job is using the term **shade** to mean by association the evening, when the sun becomes low in the sky and shadows cover the earth, and specifically to mean the end of the work day. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the evening” or “the end of the work day”
|
||||
7:3 fpt6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הָנְחַ֣לְתִּי לִ֭י יַרְחֵי־שָׁ֑וְא 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who has done the action, the context suggests that it is God. Alternate translation: “God has caused me to inherit months of futility”
|
||||
7:3 j230 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָנְחַ֣לְתִּי לִ֭י יַרְחֵי־שָׁ֑וְא 1 Job is speaking of these **months of futility** as if they were something that he had literally been **caused to inherit**. He means that he has been enduring futility during this time. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have been enduring a time of futility”
|
||||
7:3 cp2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הָנְחַ֣לְתִּי לִ֭י יַרְחֵי־שָׁ֑וְא 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **futility**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I have been enduring a time when life seems futile”
|
||||
7:3 j231 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָנְחַ֣לְתִּי לִ֭י יַרְחֵי־שָׁ֑וְא 1 It does not appear from the narrative of the book of Job that at this point **months** have gone by since Job began to experience his terrible misfortunes. So it seems that Job is using the term **months** to mean by association a period of time. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have been enduring a time of futility”
|
||||
7:3 j232 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְלֵיל֥וֹת עָ֝מָ֗ל מִנּוּ־לִֽי 1 The pronoun **they** is an indefinite pronoun that does not have a specific referent in the immediate context. Job is using this indefinite construction to focus on what has been **appointed** to him rather than on who appointed it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this with a different expression that does not use an indefinite pronoun. Alternate translation: “and nights of trouble have been appointed to me”
|
||||
7:4 m7jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִם־שָׁכַ֗בְתִּי 1 Job is referring implicitly to when he would **lie down** to sleep at night. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Your language may have its own expression that you can use here in your translation. Alternate translation: “When I lie down to sleep”
|
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7:4 sf4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מָתַ֣י אָ֭קוּם 1 Job is not asking himself this question for information, to try to decide when to get up in the morning. He is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I hope this will not be a long and difficult night!”
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7:4 m4sv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשָׂבַ֖עְתִּי נְדֻדִ֣ים 1 Job is speaking of himself as if he were a container that **tossings** filled. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I toss and turn continually”
|
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7:5 j233 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָ֘בַ֤שׁ בְּשָׂרִ֣י רִ֭מָּה וְג֣וּשׁ עָפָ֑ר 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally wearing worms and dust clods like clothing on his body. He means that he has these things all over his body. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My flesh is covered with worms and dust clods”
|
||||
7:5 sh53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לָ֘בַ֤שׁ בְּשָׂרִ֣י רִ֭מָּה וְג֣וּשׁ עָפָ֑ר 1 Job is not referring to a specific **worm** or **clod of dust**. He means worms and dust clods in general. Express this in the way that would be most natural in your language. “My flesh is covered with worms and dust clods”
|
||||
7:5 l429 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְּשָׂרִ֣י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **flesh**, to mean his whole body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My body”
|
||||
7:5 we79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עוֹרִ֥י רָ֝גַ֗ע וַיִּמָּאֵֽס 1 Job is referring to the boils that God allowed the accuser to afflict him with, as the book describes in [2:7](../02/07.md). You could indicate this in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “my skin breaks and festers because of the boils that I have”
|
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7:6 tf2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile יָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ מִנִּי־אָ֑רֶג 1 Job his comparing his **days** to a **shuttle**, which stores and releases a supply of yearn for weavers, to say how quickly his days are going by. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. The UST models one way to do this.
|
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7:6 j234 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ 1 Job is using the term **days** to refer to a specific time, the time that he will live on earth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My life is ending more quickly”
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7:6 j235 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אָ֑רֶג 1 A **shuttle** is a wooden tool that weavers use to store and unravel yarn while passing it back and forth through other threads of yarn mounted on a loom. If your readers would not be familiar with what a shuttle is, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable object in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “a tool for weaving” or “a tool for making cloth quickly”
|
||||
7:6 j236 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וַ֝יִּכְל֗וּ בְּאֶ֣פֶס תִּקְוָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hope**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and I cannot hope that my life will be good in the end”
|
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7:7 j237 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular זְ֭כֹר 1 To this point in the speech he began in [6:1](../06/01.md), Job has been addressing his three friends, and so the pronoun **you** has been plural and the imperative forms have been second-person plural. However, the imperative **Remember** here is singular because Job is now addressing God, as he will do for the rest of this speech. So use a second-person singular imperative in your translation if your language marks that distinction. You may also wish to indicate explicitly that Job is now addressing God. Alternate translation: “God, remember”
|
||||
7:7 uf8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative זְ֭כֹר 1 This is an imperative, but it communicates a polite request rather than a command. Use a form in your language that communicates a polite request. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “God, please remember”
|
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7:7 ee27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ר֣וּחַ חַיָּ֑י 1 Job is speaking as if his **life** were literally a **breath**. He likely means that just as a breath of air that a person exhales quickly dissipates, so his life will soon end. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my life will be over soon”
|
||||
7:7 bw35 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹא־תָשׁ֥וּב עֵ֝ינִ֗י לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **eye**, to mean all of him in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will not return to see good”
|
||||
7:7 j238 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־תָשׁ֥וּב עֵ֝ינִ֗י לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב 1 In this context, the expression **return** means to do something again. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will not see good again”
|
||||
7:7 j239 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־תָשׁ֥וּב עֵ֝ינִ֗י לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב 1 In this context, to **see** good means to experience it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will not experience good again”
|
||||
7:7 j240 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לֹא־תָשׁ֥וּב עֵ֝ינִ֗י לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **good**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I will not experience good things again”
|
||||
7:8 j241 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־תְ֭שׁוּרֵנִי עֵ֣ין רֹ֑אִי 1 As the second part of the verse indicates, Job is speaking implicitly of what will happen after he dies. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “The eye of the one seeing me now will not regard me then”
|
||||
7:8 p6u5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵ֣ין רֹ֑אִי 1 Job is using one part of God, his **eye**, to mean all of God in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The one seeing me”
|
||||
7:8 f5vc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person עֵ֣ין רֹ֑אִי 1 Even though Job has begun to address God, here is speaking about God in the third person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this in the first person. Alternate translation: “You who see me”
|
||||
7:8 j339 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עֵינֶ֖יךָ בִּ֣י 1 This expression means that God will be looking for Job. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you will be looking for me”
|
||||
7:9 q76u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּלָ֣ה עָ֭נָן וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ 1 Job could be: (1) saying that once a cloud **disappears**, it **goes away** forever. That same cloud will never again form in the sky. Alternate translation: “Once a cloud disappears, it goes away forever” (2) using the similar expressions **disappears** and **goes away** together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “A cloud disappears entirely”
|
||||
7:9 g4h1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives לֹ֣א יַעֲלֶֽה 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the verb **ascend**, which is contrary to the reality of life, according to Job here. Alternate translation: “remains there”
|
||||
7:10 xnf4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלֹא־יַכִּירֶ֖נּוּ ע֣וֹד מְקֹמֽוֹ 1 Job is speaking of a person’s **place** of residence as if it were a living thing that could **know** that person. The word **know** in this context means to recognize. The idea is that the place where the person once lived will not have occasion to recognize him again because he will never return to that place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “no, he will not live in his place of residence again”
|
||||
7:11 ed6a rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֲנִי֮ לֹ֤א אֶחֱשָׂ֫ךְ פִּ֥י אֲֽ֭דַבְּרָה 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **restrain**. Job is also using an emphatic declarative form when he says **I will speak**. If your language has similar constructions that it uses for emphasis, you may want to use them here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I will certainly not restrain my mouth; I will certainly speak”
|
||||
7:11 q76q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲנִי֮ לֹ֤א אֶחֱשָׂ֫ךְ פִּ֥י 1 Job is using the term **mouth** to mean by association what he would say with his mouth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will not limit what I have to say” or “I will not refrain from speaking”
|
||||
7:11 j242 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives אֲנִי֮ לֹ֤א אֶחֱשָׂ֫ךְ פִּ֥י 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative verb **restrain**. Alternate translation: “I will speak freely”
|
||||
7:11 j243 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֲֽ֭דַבְּרָה בְּצַ֣ר רוּחִ֑י אָ֝שִׂ֗יחָה בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי 1 Job is using parts of himself, his **spirit** and his **soul**, to mean all of him in the act of speaking and complaining. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will speak in my distress; yes, I will complain in my bitterness”
|
||||
7:11 v8zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֲֽ֭דַבְּרָה בְּצַ֣ר רוּחִ֑י אָ֝שִׂ֗יחָה בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **distress** and **bitterness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “I will speak, since I am distressed; yes, I will complain, since I am bitter”
|
||||
7:12 qy6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲֽיָם־אָ֭נִי אִם־תַּנִּ֑ין כִּֽי־תָשִׂ֖ים עָלַ֣י מִשְׁמָֽר 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I am not the sea or the sea monster, so you do not need to set a guard over me!”
|
||||
7:12 j244 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֲֽיָם & אִם־תַּנִּ֑ין 1 In this culture, the **sea** was considered to be the realm of chaos. The **sea monster** is the same creature whom Job calls “Leviathan” in [3:8](../03/08.md). See the note to that verse that explains how this monster was also associated with chaos in this culture. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this cultural background in your translation. Alternate translation: “a dreadful cause of chaos”
|
||||
7:12 j245 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative כִּֽי־תָשִׂ֖ים 1 Job is using the future tense to indicate something that God would do out of necessity. Your language may have its own way of expressing such a meaning. Alternate translation: “that you would have to set”
|
||||
7:13 j246 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations כִּֽי־אָ֭מַרְתִּי תְּנַחֲמֵ֣נִי עַרְשִׂ֑י יִשָּׂ֥א בְ֝שִׂיחִ֗י מִשְׁכָּבִֽי 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “When I say that my couch will comfort me and that my bed will take away my complaint”
|
||||
7:13 v7e8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תְּנַחֲמֵ֣נִי עַרְשִׂ֑י יִשָּׂ֥א בְ֝שִׂיחִ֗י מִשְׁכָּבִֽי 1 Job is using the terms **couch** and **bed** to mean sleep by association with the way people sleep on a couch or a bed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My sleep will comfort me, yes, my sleep will take away my complaint”
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||||
7:13 d3uy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תְּנַחֲמֵ֣נִי עַרְשִׂ֑י יִשָּׂ֥א בְ֝שִׂיחִ֗י מִשְׁכָּבִֽי 1 Job is speaking of his **couch** and his **bed**, meaning his sleep, as if they were living things that could **comfort** him and **take away** his **complaint**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will be comfortable when I am sleeping, yes, when I am asleep I will not be complaining”
|
||||
7:15 j247 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וַתִּבְחַ֣ר & נַפְשִׁ֑י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **soul**, to mean all of him in the act of choosing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and I choose”
|
||||
7:15 et7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מַחֲנָ֣ק 1 The term **strangling** describes killing a person by squeezing his throat and stopping his breathing. If your readers would not be familiar with this term, in your translation you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “to stop breathing”
|
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7:15 j248 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מָ֝֗וֶת מֵֽעַצְמוֹתָֽי 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “yes, my soul chooses death rather than my bones”
|
||||
7:15 nee4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מָ֝֗וֶת מֵֽעַצְמוֹתָֽי 1 Job is using the term **bones** to mean life by association with the way people are supported by their bones as they live on earth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “rather than life” or “rather than continuing to live on this earth”
|
||||
7:16 th4d rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מָ֭אַסְתִּי 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “I loathe my life” or “I loathe being alive”
|
||||
7:16 eu9h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative לֹא־לְעֹלָ֣ם אֶֽחְיֶ֑ה 1 Job is using the future tense to describe what he desires. Your language may have its own way of expressing such a meaning. Alternate translation: “I would not live forever” or “I do not want to live forever”
|
||||
7:16 j249 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole לֹא־לְעֹלָ֣ם אֶֽחְיֶ֑ה 1 Job says **forever** here as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “I certainly do not want to live for a long time”
|
||||
7:16 j250 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom חֲדַ֥ל מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי 1 Job is using this expression to ask God to **Cease** from troubling him. Your language may have an expression of its own with the same meaning. Alternate translation: “Leave me alone”
|
||||
7:16 yp5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֶ֥בֶל 1 Job could be using the word translated **vapor** to mean: (1) that his days are fleeting, since vapor or mist vanishes quickly. Alternate translation: “are fleeting” (2) that his days are purposeless, since vapor is insubstantial. Alternate translation: “are purposeless”
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||||
7:17 awx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מָֽה־אֱ֭נוֹשׁ כִּ֣י תְגַדְּלֶ֑נּוּ וְכִי־תָשִׁ֖ית אֵלָ֣יו לִבֶּֽךָ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. The question continues through the next verse, but it may be helpful to make this verse a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “Man is not so significant that you should magnify him or set your heart on him”
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||||
7:17 j251 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative מָֽה־אֱ֭נוֹשׁ כִּ֣י תְגַדְּלֶ֑נּוּ וְכִי־תָשִׁ֖ית אֵלָ֣יו לִבֶּֽךָ 1 Job could be using the future tense: (1) to describe what God should do. Alternate translation: “What is man, that you should magnify him, that you should set your heart on him” or, as a statement, “Man is so insignificant that you should not magnify him or set your heart on him” (2) to describe what God does habitually. Alternate translation: “What is man, that you magnify him and that you set your heart on him”
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7:17 w1ri rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְכִי־תָשִׁ֖ית אֵלָ֣יו לִבֶּֽךָ 1 Here, the **heart** figuratively represents the thoughts. Alternate translation: “and that you should set your mind on him” or “and that you should pay attention to him”
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7:18 j252 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וַתִּפְקְדֶ֥נּוּ לִבְקָרִ֑ים לִ֝רְגָעִ֗ים תִּבְחָנֶֽנּוּ 1 Job is using the future tense to describe what he believes God should do. Your language may have its own way of expressing such a meaning. Alternate translation: “that you should visit him in the mornings and that you should test him in the moments”
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7:18 s64b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וַתִּפְקְדֶ֥נּוּ לִבְקָרִ֑ים לִ֝רְגָעִ֗ים תִּבְחָנֶֽנּוּ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis, continuing the question that he began in the previous verse. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “You do not need to visit him in the mornings and test him in the moments!”
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||||
7:19 eb8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion כַּ֭מָּה לֹא־תִשְׁעֶ֣ה מִמֶּ֑נִּי לֹֽא־תַ֝רְפֵּ֗נִי עַד־בִּלְעִ֥י רֻקִּֽי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “I wish you would look away from me soon! I wish you would slacken until I swallow my saliva”
|
||||
7:19 j253 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־תַ֝רְפֵּ֗נִי עַד־בִּלְעִ֥י רֻקִּֽי 1 The word **until** has a specific meaning here. Job is not asking God, “Will you only slacken when I swallow my saliva?” He is asking, “Will you please slacken long enough for me to swallow my saliva?” You could say that as an alternate translation if it would be helpful to your readers.
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||||
7:19 ts1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַד־בִּלְעִ֥י רֻקִּֽי 1 Job is using the expression **until I swallow my saliva** to mean a short time, by association with the way it only takes a short time to swallow once. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for just a short time”
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||||
7:20 wwv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion חָטָ֡אתִי מָ֤ה אֶפְעַ֨ל ׀ לָךְ֮ נֹצֵ֪ר הָאָ֫דָ֥ם לָ֤מָה שַׂמְתַּ֣נִי לְמִפְגָּ֣ע לָ֑ךְ וָאֶהְיֶ֖ה עָלַ֣י לְמַשָּֽׂא 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “If I have sinned, I have not done anything to you, the one watching man! You should not have made me a target for you!”
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||||
7:20 j254 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָ֤מָה שַׂמְתַּ֣נִי לְמִפְגָּ֣ע לָ֑ךְ 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally a **target** that God was attacking with arrows or a spear. He means that God is punishing him for sins he may have committed. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why are you punishing me like this?” or, as an exclamation, “You do not need to punish me like this!”
|
||||
7:20 j255 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וָאֶהְיֶ֖ה עָלַ֣י לְמַשָּֽׂא 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally a heavy weight or **burden** to carry. He is referring to making life more difficult. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Indeed, am I making my own life more difficult”
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||||
7:20 j256 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וָאֶהְיֶ֖ה עָלַ֣י לְמַשָּֽׂא 1 A marginal notation in traditional manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible indicates that scribes changed this reading from “am I a burden to you” to **am I a burden to myself**. The scribes made this change in order to avoid the uncomfortable suggestion that a human being’s sin could have effects on God. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of ULT. Alternate translation: “Indeed, am I a burden to you?” or “I am not a burden to you!”
|
||||
7:20 j257 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וָאֶהְיֶ֖ה עָלַ֣י לְמַשָּֽׂא 1 Job is speaking as if he were literally a **burden** to himself or to God. He means that he is not actually making life more difficult for himself or for God, as a burden does when someone has to carry it. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am not making my life more difficult!” or “I am not making your life more difficult!”
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7:21 gzz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וּמֶ֤ה ׀ לֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א פִשְׁעִי֮ וְתַעֲבִ֪יר אֶת־עֲוֺ֫נִ֥י כִּֽי־עַ֭תָּה לֶעָפָ֣ר אֶשְׁכָּ֑ב וְשִׁ֖חֲרְתַּ֣נִי וְאֵינֶֽנִּי 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these sentences, since in the second sentence Job gives the reason for what he says in the first sentence that God should do. Alternate translation: “Soon I will lie down in the dust, and you will seek me diligently but I will not exist. So why will you not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity?”
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7:21 ek8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּמֶ֤ה ׀ לֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א פִשְׁעִי֮ וְתַעֲבִ֪יר אֶת־עֲוֺ֫נִ֥י 1 Job is suggesting implicitly that God should **pardon** him so that they can have a good relationship during the short time that he will still be alive on earth. You could indicate this in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Why will you not pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity so that we can have a good relationship?”
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7:21 j258 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמֶ֤ה ׀ לֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א פִשְׁעִי֮ וְתַעֲבִ֪יר אֶת־עֲוֺ֫נִ֥י 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You ought to pardon my transgression and take away my iniquity!”
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7:21 yf7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַ֭תָּה לֶעָפָ֣ר אֶשְׁכָּ֑ב 1 Job is using the expression **lie down in the dust** to mean that he will die, by association with the way that in this culture, people who died were lain in a grave and buried in the ground or **dust**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will soon die”
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8:intro md4v 0 # Job 8 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Job’s friend Bildad responds to what Job said in chapters 6 and 7.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Bildad answering Job with his own words\n\nIn [7:21](../01/01.md), at the end of his speech, Job suggested that God might **seek** for him **diligently**. Bildad says in his response in [8:5](../08/05.md) that it is actually Job who should be seeking God diligently. To help your readers appreciate how Bildad is answering Job with his own words, you may wish to translate Bildad’s expression **seek diligently** the same way that you translated it when Job used it in [7:21](../01/01.md).\n\n\n### Quotation within a quotation\n\n\nIn his speech, Bildad encourages Job to consider the wisdom of their ancestors. In verses 11–22, he may be quoting from traditional teachings. Notes suggest the possibility of punctuating these verses as a secondary quotation if your language might naturally put one direct quotation inside another.
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8:2 j259 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis עַד־אָ֥ן תְּמַלֶּל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְר֥וּחַ כַּ֝בִּיר אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 Bildad is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “Until when will you say these things, and until when will the words of your mouth be a mighty wind”
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8:2 j260 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַד־אָ֥ן תְּמַלֶּל־אֵ֑לֶּה וְר֥וּחַ כַּ֝בִּיר אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 Bildad is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not keep saying these things, and the words of your mouth should not keep being a mighty wind!”
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8:2 j261 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 Bildad is using the term **mouth** to mean speaking by association with the way people use their mouths to speak. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the words that you speak” or see next note for another possibility.
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8:2 j262 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אִמְרֵי־פִֽיךָ 1 It might seem that this expression contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in your language. If so, you can shorten it. Alternate translation: “your words” or “what you say”
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8:2 gg55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְר֥וּחַ כַּ֝בִּיר 1 Bildad is speaking as if the **words** of Job were literally a **mighty wind**. He means that Job is saying many things insistently but they are not substantial. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and … be so insistent but so insubstantial”
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8:3 p2fp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הַ֭אֵל יְעַוֵּ֣ת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְאִם־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י יְעַוֵּֽת־צֶֽדֶק 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **justice** and **righteousness**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “Does God do things that are not just? Does Shaddai do things that are not righteous?”
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8:3 x959 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַ֭אֵל יְעַוֵּ֣ת מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וְאִם־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י יְעַוֵּֽת־צֶֽדֶק 1 Bildad is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “God does not pervert justice! No, Shaddai does not pervert righteousness!” or, positively, “God always does what is just! Yes, Shaddai always does what is righteous!”
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8:4 icy5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַֽ֝יְשַׁלְּחֵ֗ם בְּיַד־פִּשְׁעָֽם 1 In this context, to be **in the hand of** someone or something means to be under the power or control of that person or thing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “then he put them under the power of their sins” or “then he put them under the control of their sins”
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8:4 j263 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַֽ֝יְשַׁלְּחֵ֗ם בְּיַד־פִּשְׁעָֽם 1 Bildad is speaking as if the **sins** of Job’s **children** were a living thing that had exerted power over them and killed them. He actually means that God killed Job’s children in order to punish them for their sins. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “then God punished them by killing them for the sins they committed”
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8:5 lpy9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אִם־אַ֭תָּה תְּשַׁחֵ֣ר אֶל־אֵ֑ל 1 For emphasis, Bildad is stating the pronoun **you**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **seek diligently**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “If you seek diligently for God yourself”
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8:5 q7cd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְאֶל־שַׁ֝דַּ֗י תִּתְחַנָּֽן 1 Bildad is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and if to Shaddai you appeal”
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8:6 a4ua rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet זַ֥ךְ וְיָשָׁ֗ר 1 The terms **pure** and **upright** mean similar things. Bildad is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “truly righteous”
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8:6 f6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָעִ֣יר עָלֶ֑יךָ 1 One possible meaning of the expression translated **rouse himself** is “wake up.” If there is already a Bible translation in your region, it may say something like this. Bildad could be speaking as if God were sleeping and would literally wake up at the realization that Job needed and deserved help. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will come quickly to help you”
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8:6 j264 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche נְוַ֣ת צִדְקֶֽךָ 1 Bildad is using one aspect of Job, his **righteousness**, to mean all of him as a righteous person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your habitation as a righteous person”
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8:6 k3xq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נְוַ֣ת צִדְקֶֽךָ 1 Bildad is speaking of the situation that he believes Job would deserve as a righteous person as if that situation were literally a **habitation** or place where Job would live. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “restore you to the situation in life that a righteous person deserves”
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8:7 cd7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony וְהָיָ֣ה רֵאשִׁיתְךָ֣ מִצְעָ֑ר וְ֝אַחֲרִיתְךָ֗ יִשְׂגֶּ֥ה מְאֹֽד 1 Since, as [1:3](../01/03.md) states, Job was previously the greatest man in a vast area, it is not the case that his **beginning**, that is, his former condition, was **small**. Bildad actually means to communicate the opposite of the literal meaning of what he is saying. He means that Job’s former state, great though it was, will seem small by comparison with the much greater prosperity that Job will experience in the future if he seeks God diligently. Alternate translation: “Though your former state was great, your future will be so much greater that the former state will seem as if it had been small”
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8:7 j265 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֝אַחֲרִיתְךָ֗ יִשְׂגֶּ֥ה מְאֹֽד 1 Bildad is speaking of Job’s **end**, that is, his ultimate condition in life, as if it were a living thing that could **increase**. He means that Job’s prosperity will increase greatly in the end. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “yet your prosperity will increase greatly in the end”
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8:8 j266 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׁאַל־נָ֭א לְדֹ֣ר רִישׁ֑וֹן 1 Bildad is speaking as if Job could literally ask the people of **former generations** for advice. He means that Job should consider the wisdom that those people passed down to their descendants through tradition. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “consider the traditional wisdom that the former generations have passed down to us”
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8:8 iq7n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲבוֹתָֽם 1 Bildad is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If your readers would misunderstand this, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their ancestors”
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8:9 j267 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole תְמ֣וֹל אֲ֭נַחְנוּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע 1 Bildad is saying that he, Job, and the other two friends were only born **yesterday** and that they do **not know** anything. He says both of these things as overstatements for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “we have not been alive for very long and we do not know very much”
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8:9 j268 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive אֲ֭נַחְנוּ וְלֹ֣א נֵדָ֑ע & יָמֵ֣ינוּ 1 By **we** and **our**, Bildad means himself and the other friends and also Job to whom he is speaking, so use the inclusive form of those words in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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8:9 m5v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor צֵ֖ל יָמֵ֣ינוּ עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ 1 Bildad is speaking as if the **days** that he and Job and the other friends have **on earth** were literally a **shadow**. He means that just as a shadow appears only for a short time, so people are only on earth for a short time. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “our days on earth are fleeting”
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8:9 j269 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom צֵ֖ל יָמֵ֣ינוּ עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ 1 Bildad is using the term **days** to refer to a specific time. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “our time on earth is a shadow”
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8:10 j270 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם י֭וֹרוּךָ יֹ֣אמְרוּ לָ֑ךְ וּ֝מִלִּבָּ֗ם יוֹצִ֥אוּ מִלִּֽים 1 The pronouns **they** and **their** refers to the “former generations,” that is, the ancestors whom Bildad described in verse 8. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Will the former generations not teach you? Our ancestors will speak to you, and from their hearts they will bring forth words”
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8:10 j271 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם י֭וֹרוּךָ יֹ֣אמְרוּ לָ֑ךְ וּ֝מִלִּבָּ֗ם יוֹצִ֥אוּ מִלִּֽים 1 Bildad is speaking as if Job’s ancestors would **teach** him and **speak to** him. He does not mean this literally. Instead, he means that Job can learn from the accumulated wisdom that has been passed down to them from their ancestors through tradition. Bildad will summarize this traditional teaching in the rest of his speech. Particularly if there is a practice of ancestor worship in your culture, be sure to make this meaning clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “You can learn much from the traditional teachings we have received from them. It would be as if they were speaking to you and bringing forth words from their hearts”
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8:10 h2ae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם י֭וֹרוּךָ 1 Bildad is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “They will certainly teach you.”
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8:10 u4ad rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝מִלִּבָּ֗ם יוֹצִ֥אוּ מִלִּֽים 1 Bildad is speaking as if the ancestors would literally **bring forth words** from **their hearts**, as if their hearts were containers that held words and as if words were physical objects that someone could **bring forth**. He is using the word **hearts** to mean a person’s thoughts and emotions. He is saying that the ancestors have passed down through tradition their most cherished beliefs and the most profound lessons they learned in life. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they will share with you their most cherished insights”
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8:11 a2hm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks הֲיִֽגְאֶה־גֹּ֭מֶא בְּלֹ֣א בִצָּ֑ה יִשְׂגֶּה־אָ֥חוּ בְלִי־מָֽיִם 1 From here to the end of the chapter, Bildad may be quoting the teaching of the ancestors. This would be a second-level quotation, since the book is already quoting Bildad’s speech. If you think it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate the start of this possible quotation from tradition with an opening second-level quotation mark or with some other punctuation or convention that your language uses to indicate the start of a second-level quotation.
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8:11 tj37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲיִֽגְאֶה־גֹּ֭מֶא בְּלֹ֣א בִצָּ֑ה יִשְׂגֶּה־אָ֥חוּ בְלִי־מָֽיִם 1 Bildad is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “Papyrus does not grow without a marsh. A reed does not grow without waters.”
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8:11 ig9q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown גֹּ֭מֶא 1 The word **papyrus** describes a tall, reed-like plant that grows in shallow water. If your readers would not be familiar with what papyrus is, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable plant in your area, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “a bulrush” or “a cattail”
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8:12 j272 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ֭אִבּוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **greenness**, you could express the same idea in another way. The idea is that while marsh plants dry up and lose color at the end of their life cycles, this is a young plant that is still colorful and growing. Alternate translation: “young and growing”
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8:12 q4x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָל־חָצִ֣יר יִיבָֽשׁ 1 Bildad assumes that Job will understand that he means that even a young, uncut reed **withers** without water. You could say that explicitly if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “but without water it withers before any other plant”
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8:12 j273 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole וְלִפְנֵ֖י כָל־חָצִ֣יר יִיבָֽשׁ 1 Bildad says **any** as a generalization for emphasis. If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “but without water it withers very quickly”
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8:13 y6pd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כֵּ֗ן אָ֭רְחוֹת כָּל־שֹׁ֣כְחֵי אֵ֑ל 1 Bildad is speaking of the things that happen to people as if they were literally **paths** that those people were walking along. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “This is what happens to all the ones forgetting God”
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8:13 fc76 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְתִקְוַ֖ת חָנֵ֣ף תֹּאבֵֽד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **hope**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and the godless will not get what they hope for”
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8:13 j274 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj חָנֵ֣ף 1 Bildad is using the adjective **godless** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “a godless person”
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8:14 yg2t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲשֶׁר־יָק֥וֹט כִּסְל֑וֹ וּבֵ֥ית עַ֝כָּבִ֗ישׁ מִבְטַחֽוֹ 1 Bildad is speaking as if the **confidence** of a person who is godless literally **snaps** and as if the **trust** of a godless person were literally a spider’s web (**the house of a spider**). If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “whose confidence proves unfounded and whose trust is unreliable”
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8:14 m1bj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֲשֶׁר־יָק֥וֹט כִּסְל֑וֹ וּבֵ֥ית עַ֝כָּבִ֗ישׁ מִבְטַחֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **confidence** and **trust**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “He is confident that certain things will happen, but they do not happen; he trusts in certain people and things to help him, but they do not”
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8:14 e61x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּבֵ֥ית עַ֝כָּבִ֗ישׁ מִבְטַחֽוֹ 1 Bildad is using **the house of a spider** (that is, a spider’s web) to represent something flimsy and unreliable. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly as a comparison. Alternate translation: “and whose trust is as flimsy and unreliable as a spider’s web”
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8:15 g7al rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִשָּׁעֵ֣ן עַל־בֵּ֭יתוֹ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֑ד יַחֲזִ֥יק בּ֝֗וֹ וְלֹ֣א יָקֽוּם 1 Bildad is speaking of a godless person as if he were literally leaning against his **house** and causing it to collapse beyond repair. The house represents the possessions and status of the godless person. Alternate translation: “It does not take much for a godless person to lose his possessions and status without any hope of recovering them”
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8:15 r6mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives וְלֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֑ד & וְלֹ֣א יָקֽוּם 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use positive statements in your translation in place of these negative ones. Alternate translation: “and it collapses … but it remains collapsed”
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8:15 s164 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלֹ֣א יָקֽוּם 1 Bildad is speaking of the **house** of a godless person as if it were a living thing that could **arise** on its own. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but he cannot make it stand upright again” or “but he cannot repair it”
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8:16 x5ph rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָטֹ֣ב ה֭וּא לִפְנֵי־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וְעַ֥ל גַּ֝נָּת֗וֹ יֹֽנַקְתּ֥וֹ תֵצֵֽא 1 Bildad now speaks of a godless person as if he were a plant. In order to depict the temporary prosperity that godless people may enjoy, he describes this plant flourishing. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning as a comparison. Alternate translation: “A godless person may at first thrive like a plant that is getting plenty of sunlight and whose shoots extend all over the garden in which it is planted”
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8:16 d31w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לִפְנֵי־שָׁ֑מֶשׁ 1 Here the word **before** means “in front of” or “in the presence of” something. Bildad means that the plant is **lush** because it receives plenty of sunlight. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “because it receives plenty of sunlight”
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8:17 cty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַל־גַּ֭ל שָֽׁרָשָׁ֣יו יְסֻבָּ֑כוּ בֵּ֖ית אֲבָנִ֣ים יֶחֱזֶֽה 1 Bildad is continuing to speak of the godless person and his temporary prosperity as if he were a plant. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A godless person may at first be secure, like a plant whose roots are wrapped around a heap of stones, a plant that is solidly rooted among stones”
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8:17 j275 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive עַל־גַּ֭ל שָֽׁרָשָׁ֣יו יְסֻבָּ֑כוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “It wraps its roots around a heap of stones”
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8:17 j276 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification בֵּ֖ית אֲבָנִ֣ים יֶחֱזֶֽה 1 Bildad is speaking as if this plant were looking for a **house** to live in. He means that the plant naturally roots itself in a secure place among **rocks**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it roots itself in a secure place among rocks”
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8:18 j277 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast אִם 1 In this verse, Bildad is drawing a contrast between the prosperity he described in the previous two verses and the inevitable destruction of the godless person. In your translation, you may wish to introduce this verse in a way that will indicate this contrast more explicitly. Alternate translation: “But when”
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8:18 ib86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְבַלְּעֶ֥נּוּ מִמְּקוֹמ֑וֹ וְכִ֥חֶשׁ 1 The pronoun **it** refers in its first and third instances to the plant Bildad has been describing, and it refers in its second instance to the **place** the plant was occupying. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “When one destroys such a plant from its place, then the place it formerly occupied will deny it”
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8:18 tq8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations וְכִ֥חֶשׁ בּ֝֗וֹ לֹ֣א רְאִיתִֽיךָ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “It will deny that it ever saw it”
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8:18 b7jg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְכִ֥חֶשׁ בּ֝֗וֹ לֹ֣א רְאִיתִֽיךָ 1 Bildad is speaking of the plant’s location as if it were a living thing that could recognize things and speak. The meaning of this phrase is similar to the meaning of the phrase “his place will not know him again” in [7:10](../01/01.md). In this case, Bildad is saying that the plant will be so thoroughly removed that its former location will be convinced that it was never there to begin with. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “it will be as if it had never been there at all”
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8:19 llr9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony מְשׂ֣וֹשׂ דַּרְכּ֑וֹ 1 Bildad actually means to communicate the opposite of the literal meaning of his words. He is speaking in this way for emphasis. He does not mean that the godless person has actual **joy**. Such a person may have temporary prosperity, but he then experiences sorrow as a consequence of the way he has been living. Alternate translation: “the sorrow of his way”
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8:19 z27b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְשׂ֣וֹשׂ דַּרְכּ֑וֹ 1 Bildad is speaking of how a person lives as if that were a **way** or path that the person was walking along. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the sorrow that comes from his conduct”
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8:19 n1qg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ֝מֵעָפָ֗ר אַחֵ֥ר יִצְמָֽחוּ 1 Bildad is continuing to speak as if the godless person were a plant. When he says that **other plants** will **sprout** from the **dust** (that is, the ground), he means that other people will take the place of the godless person when his conduct causes his ruin. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and other people will take his position and his possessions”
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8:20 i9v4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives אֵ֭ל לֹ֣א יִמְאַס־תָּ֑ם 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative verb **reject**. Alternate translation: “God will always accept the innocent”
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8:20 j278 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj תָּ֑ם 1 Bildad is using the adjective **innocent** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “a person who is innocent”
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8:20 gz4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְלֹֽא־יַ֝חֲזִ֗יק בְּיַד־מְרֵעִֽים 1 Bildad is speaking as if God would literally **hold** evildoers by the **hand** in order to keep them from falling down. He means that God does not strengthen or support people who do evil. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but he will not help evildoers”
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8:21 e5gp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis עַד־יְמַלֵּ֣ה שְׂח֣וֹק פִּ֑יךָ וּשְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ תְרוּעָֽה 1 Bildad is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “He will yet fill your mouth with laughter, and he will fill your lips with shouting”
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8:21 ezc5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַד־יְמַלֵּ֣ה שְׂח֣וֹק פִּ֑יךָ וּשְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ תְרוּעָֽה 1 Bildad is speaking of Job’s **mouth** as if it were a container that God would **fill** with **laughter** and as if Job’s **lips** were a container that God would fill with **shouting**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will yet make your mouth laugh very happilyyou're your lips shout very joyfully”
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8:21 td9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עַד־יְמַלֵּ֣ה שְׂח֣וֹק פִּ֑יךָ וּשְׂפָתֶ֥יךָ תְרוּעָֽה 1 Bildad is using parts of Job, his **mouth** and his **lips**, to mean all of Job in the acts of laughing and shouting joyfully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He will yet make you laugh very happily and shout very joyfully”
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8:22 tc4g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִלְבְּשׁוּ־בֹ֑שֶׁת 1 Bildad is speaking as if Job’s enemies would literally **wear shame**, as if it were their clothing. He means that they will be greatly ashamed for opposing Job when God honors and restores him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be greatly ashamed”
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8:22 k5y9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְאֹ֖הֶל רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֵינֶֽנּוּ 1 Bildad is using one possession of **the wicked**, the **tent** in which they live, to mean all of their possessions and their standing in the community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the wicked will be without status or means”
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8:22 uz63 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj רְשָׁעִ֣ים 1 Bildad is using the adjective **wicked** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “wicked people”
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8:22 j279 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks אֵינֶֽנּוּ 1 If you decided to punctuate verses 11–22 as a second-level quotation, indicate the end of this quotation here with a closing second-level quotation mark or whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a second-level quotation.
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9:intro n51u 0 # Job 9 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter is Job’s response to Bildad’s first speech. In [8:5](../08/05.md), Bildad told Job that he should appeal to God. In response, Job protests in this chapter that a human being cannot appeal to God.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Litany\n\nIn verses 5–10, Job makes a series of statements about how powerful God is. These specific statements illustrate the general statement that Job makes in verse 4 that God is “wise in heart and mighty in strength.” A series of statements such as this is known as a litany. If your readers would recognize what Job is doing, you can translate and format this litany the way the ULT does. If the litany form would not be familiar to your readers, you could format the general statement in a way that will show that it is a summary statement that shows the overall meaning of what Job is saying. You could then put each sentence of the litany on a separate line. The format might look something like this:\n\nGod is wise in heart and mighty in strength (who has hardened himself against him and been whole?),\n> the one removing mountains and they do not know, who overturns them in his anger,\n> the one shaking the earth from its place and causing its pillars to tremble,\n> the one speaking to the sun and it does not rise, and upon the stars he seals,\n> stretching out the heavens by himself and treading on the waves of the sea,\n> making the Bear, Orion, the Pleiades, and the chambers of the south,\n> doing great {things} until there is no searching and distinguished {things} until there is no number.
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9:2 r4pi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וּמַה־יִּצְדַּ֖ק אֱנ֣וֹשׁ עִם־אֵֽל 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “But a man cannot be righteous with God!”
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9:2 a9ku rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אֱנ֣וֹשׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “a person”
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9:3 t9fi rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אִם־יַ֭חְפֹּץ לָרִ֣יב עִמּ֑וֹ 1 In this part of the verse, the pronoun **he** refers to “a man” and the pronoun “him” refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “If a person desires to contend with God”
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9:3 a6um rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לָרִ֣יב עִמּ֑וֹ 1 Job assumes that Bildad will understand that he is using the word **contend** to mean making a formal legal complaint against God. In this culture, people made such complaints to community leaders in public places such as the gate of a town. Each party would question the other in the presence of the leaders, who would then discuss the case and decide how to resolve it. Job is probably describing how he participated as a leader in such cases in [29:21–23](../29/21.md). Your language may have an expression for this process that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “to take God to court” or “to file charges against God”
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9:3 j280 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns לֹֽא־יַ֝עֲנֶ֗נּוּ 1 In this part of the verse, (1) the pronoun **he** could refer to a human being and the pronoun **him** could refer to God. This seems likely, since after describing God’s knowledge and power, Job asks in [9:14](../09/14.md) how he could possibly answer God and in [9:32](../09/32.md) he says that God is “not a man, as I am, that I could answer him.” Alternate translation: “a human will not answer God” (2) the pronoun **he** could refer to God and the pronoun **him** could refer to a human being. This is also a possibility, since Job protests in [30:20](../30/20.md) that God does not answer him. Alternate translation: “God will not answer a human”
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9:3 j281 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative לֹֽא־יַ֝עֲנֶ֗נּוּ 1 If Job means that a human will not answer God, then he is using the future tense to describe what a person would be able to do. Your language may have its own way of expressing such a meaning. Alternate translation: “he could not answer him” or “he would not be able to answer him”
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9:3 el71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole אַחַ֥ת מִנִּי־אָֽלֶף 1 The expression **not … one from a thousand** (that is, not one time out of a thousand) is an overstatement for emphasis. It is unlikely that one party in a court case would ask the other party as many as a thousand questions. Job means that a person would not find a single way to answer God satisfactorily no matter how many questions God asked. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “no matter how many questions he asks”
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9:4 j282 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns חֲכַ֣ם לֵ֭בָב 1 The pronoun **He** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “God is wise in heart”
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9:4 mh8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חֲכַ֣ם לֵ֭בָב 1 Here, the **heart** figuratively represents the thoughts. Alternate translation: “God’s thoughts are wise”
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9:4 f7rj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְאַמִּ֣יץ כֹּ֑חַ 1 The terms **mighty** and **strength** mean similar things. Job is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and very strong”
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9:4 j283 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִֽי־הִקְשָׁ֥ה אֵ֝לָ֗יו וַיִּשְׁלָֽם 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “No person has ever hardened himself against God and been whole!”
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9:4 b286 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הִקְשָׁ֥ה אֵ֝לָ֗יו 1 Job is likely referring to bringing charges against God when he speaks of a person who has **hardened himself against** God, since a person who brings charges has determined not to show mercy but to demand justice. You could indicate this in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “has brought charges against him”
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9:4 j284 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַיִּשְׁלָֽם 1 By **whole**, Job probably means not suffering any damages, that is, winning a court case and having the other party pay compensation, rather than having to pay compensation oneself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and won the case”
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9:5 j285 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַמַּעְתִּ֣יק הָ֭רִים 1 When Job refers to God removing **mountains**, he is likely describing earthquakes. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly in your translation as the UST does.
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9:5 at5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns הַמַּעְתִּ֣יק הָ֭רִים 1 The pronoun **one** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers, and it may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God is the one who removes mountains”
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9:5 j286 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְלֹ֣א יָדָ֑עוּ 1 This could mean: (1) that the **mountains** do not know that God is about to remove them. In that case Job would be speaking of the mountains as if they were living things that could **know** something that was about to happen. (2) that people in general do not know that God is about to remove the mountains. In that case **they** would be an indefinite pronoun that does not have a specific referent in the immediate context. Either way, the idea is that God removes mountains without anyone or anything knowing in advance. Alternate translation: “suddenly” or “unexpectedly”
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9:5 j344 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּאַפּֽוֹ 1 Job is using the term **nose** to mean anger by association with the way that a person who is angry breathes heavily through his nose. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If so, you could use an expression involving that part of the body in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “in his anger”
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9:6 xth3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝עַמּוּדֶ֗יהָ יִתְפַלָּצֽוּן 1 People in this culture believed that there were **pillars** holding up the earth. You could retain the reference to pillars in your translation and it may seem like a figure of speech to your readers. Alternatively, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and causing it to tremble from deep underground”
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9:7 j287 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָאֹמֵ֣ר לַ֭חֶרֶס וְלֹ֣א יִזְרָ֑ח 1 Job is speaking as if the **sun** literally did not **rise** on certain days. He most likely means that the sun is not visible on those days because of cloud cover. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the one who determines whether the sun will shine or clouds will cover it”
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9:7 mt2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּבְעַ֖ד כּוֹכָבִ֣ים יַחְתֹּֽם 1 Job is speaking as if God literally put a seal over **the stars** on certain nights. He most likely means that the stars are not visible on those nights because of cloud cover. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and who keeps the stars from shining on certain nights”
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9:8 lya7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֹטֶ֣ה שָׁמַ֣יִם לְבַדּ֑וֹ 1 People in this culture believed that the **heavens** (that is, the sky) were a solid object that God had stretched out over a framework in order to cover the earth. For example, [Isaiah 40:22](../isa/40/22.md) says, “He stretches out the heavens like a curtain and spreads them out like a tent to live in.” You could retain the reference to God **stretching out the heavens** in your translation and it may seem like a figure of speech to your readers. Alternatively, you could state the meaning plainly. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “God alone created the sky and treads on the waves of the sea”
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9:8 xis1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝דוֹרֵ֗ךְ עַל־בָּ֥מֳתֵי יָֽם 1 As a note to [7:12](../01/01.md) explains, people in this culture considered the **sea** to be the realm of chaos. When Job speaks of God **treading on the waves of the sea**, he is speaking as if God were literally trampling down the forces of chaos with his feet. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “by subduing the watery forces of chaos”
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9:9 n4y8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עָ֭שׁ כְּסִ֥יל וְכִימָ֗ה 1 The words **Bear**, **Orion**, and **Pleiades** are the names of constellations of stars in the sky. Your culture may have its own terms for these constellations. Alternate translation: “the Big Dipper, the Hunter, and the Seven Sisters”
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9:9 j288 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְחַדְרֵ֥י תֵמָֽן 1 People in this culture believed that God kept natural forces in **chambers**. For example, [Psalm 19:4–5](../psa/19/04.md) says that God has “pitched a tent for the sun” in the sky, from which the sun comes forth “like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber.” In [Job 37:9](../37/09.md), Elihu says that “the storm comes from its chamber.” So the reference here to **the chambers of the south** is likely to a place where, it was believed, God kept all the constellations of stars and from which God brought them out each night. You could retain the reference these **chambers** in your translation and it may seem like a figure of speech to your readers. Alternatively, you could state the meaning plainly. Job is likely referring to the constellations themselves by association with their **chambers**. Alternate translation: “and all the other constellations”
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9:10 g1vu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj גְ֭דֹלוֹת & וְנִפְלָא֗וֹת 1 Job is using the adjective **great** and the participle **distinguished** as nouns to mean certain kinds of things. The ULT adds the word **things** to show this. Your language may use adjectives and participles in the same way. If not, you can translate these words with equivalent terms. Alternate translation: “wonders … and marvels”
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9:12 gm8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֵ֣ן יַ֭חְתֹּף מִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ מִֽי־ יֹאמַ֥ר אֵ֝לָ֗יו מַֽה־ תַּעֲשֶֽׂה 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “If he takes something away, no one can bring it back. No one can ask him, ‘What are you doing?’”
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9:12 j289 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns מִ֣י יְשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ 1 The word translated **it** could refer to: (1) the thing that God takes away. The ULT expresses this interpretation. (2) God himself. Alternate translation: “who can turn him back” or “who can make him change his mind”
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9:12 j290 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes מִֽי־יֹאמַ֥ר אֵ֝לָ֗יו מַֽה־תַּעֲשֶֽׂה 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Who can ask him what he is doing”
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9:12 tc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מַֽה־תַּעֲשֶֽׂה 1 The person challenging God would be using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing that!”
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9:13 j345 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֱ֭לוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ 1 See how you translated the word **nose** in verse 5. Alternate translation: "God will not turn aside his anger"
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9:13 j291 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֱ֭לוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ 1 Job is speaking as if God might literally make his **anger** **turn aside** and go in a different direction. Job is actually describing how God might stop being angry (although in this case he would not). If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God will not stop being angry”
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9:13 j292 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives אֱ֭לוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אַפּ֑וֹ 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this as a positive expression. Alternate translation: “God will still have anger”
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9:13 nzr2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עֹ֣זְרֵי רָֽהַב 1 As a note to [3:8](../03/08.md) explains, people in this culture believed in a monster associated with the sea who caused chaos. One name for this monster was Leviathan. The word **Rahab** is another name for that monster, that is, for the sea personified as a force of chaos. For example, Job says in [26:12](../01/01.md), in a poetic parallel, “He calmed the sea with his power; by his understanding he shattered Rahab.” See what you did in [3:8](../03/08.md). Here as well, you could either retain the name in your translation or you could use a general expression in order to give your readers some idea of the beliefs of this culture. Alternate translation: “the helpers of the chaos monster”
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9:13 j340 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹ֣זְרֵי רָֽהַב 1 When Job speaks of **the helpers of Rahab**, he likely means ocean waves, since he says in [9:8](../09/08.md), in a context of overcoming chaos, that God treads on the waves of the sea. Alternate translation: “the chaotic ocean waves”
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9:13 e9gu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תחתו שָׁ֝חֲח֗וּ 1 Job is speaking of **the helpers of Rahab**, most likely meaning the waves of the sea, as if they were a living thing that could **bow** to God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are under his control”
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9:14 z61q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אַ֭ף כִּֽי־אָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑נּוּ 1 **Indeed that** is an expression that indicates that what follows is greater in degree than what a person has just said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “How much less would I be able to answer him”
|
||||
9:14 j293 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אַ֭ף כִּֽי־אָנֹכִ֣י אֶֽעֱנֶ֑נּוּ 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **will answer**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “How much less would a mere mortal such as I be able to answer him”
|
||||
9:14 j294 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶבְחֲרָ֖ה דְבָרַ֣י עִמּֽוֹ 1 Job is using the expression **choose words** to mean by association arguing a case against God, since he would have to **choose** the right **words** in order to do that. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “argue a case against him”
|
||||
9:15 j295 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִם־צָ֭דַקְתִּי לֹ֣א אֶעֱנֶ֑ה 1 The pronoun **whom** refers to text. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers, and it may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “Even if I were righteous, I would not try to answer God”
|
||||
9:15 j296 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִם־צָ֭דַקְתִּי 1 By **righteous**, in this context Job implicitly means being the unjustly injured party in a lawsuit. Your language may have an expression for this that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “if I were in the right”
|
||||
9:15 j297 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לִ֝מְשֹׁפְטִ֗י אֶתְחַנָּֽן 1 Job implicitly means that he would plead to God as his **judge**. He is not talking about appealing to some other legal authority to judge between him and God. You could indicate this in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I would plead for mercy to God as my judge”
|
||||
9:16 j298 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יַאֲזִ֥ין 1 Job is using the expression **giving ear** to mean listening, by association with the way that people listen with their ears. However, this specific expression has the sense of listening carefully, that is, paying attention. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he was paying attention to”
|
||||
9:16 j299 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche קוֹלִֽי 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **voice**, to mean all of him in the act of speaking. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what I was saying”
|
||||
9:17 w3dc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בִּשְׂעָרָ֥ה 1 When Job says that God would send a **tempest** or violent storm to **break** (destroy) him if he challenged God, Job could be using the storm to represent various troubles that God would cause him to experience. However, since God does approach Job in a violent storm at the end of the book, it would be appropriate to retain the term **tempest** in your translation rather than interpret the term as symbolic.
|
||||
9:18 j300 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹֽא־יִ֭תְּנֵנִי הָשֵׁ֣ב רוּחִ֑י כִּ֥י יַ֝שְׂבִּעַ֗נִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “He fills me with bitterness, and by doing that, he does not allow me to cause my breath to return”
|
||||
9:18 bw17 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom הָשֵׁ֣ב רוּחִ֑י 1 This expression means to rest in order to start breathing regularly again after exertion or extended speaking. Your language may have an expression for this that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “to catch my breath”
|
||||
9:18 uqz6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַ֝שְׂבִּעַ֗נִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים 1 Job is speaking of himself as if he were a container that God **fills** with **bitterness**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he causes me great bitterness”
|
||||
9:18 j301 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יַ֝שְׂבִּעַ֗נִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **bitterness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “he makes my life very bitter”
|
||||
9:19 qi46 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אִם־לְכֹ֣חַ & וְאִם־לְ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט 1 **If to** is an expression that introduces a matter under consideration. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “If it is a matter of strength … Or if it is a matter of justice”
|
||||
9:19 fjk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י יוֹעִידֵֽנִי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “no one is able to summon him!”
|
||||
9:20 xtf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֶ֭צְדָּק 1 See how you translated the term **righteous** in [9:15](../09/15.md). in this context Job implicitly means being the unjustly injured party in a lawsuit. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I were in the right”
|
||||
9:20 grl2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy פִּ֣י יַרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי 1 Job is using the term **mouth** to mean by association what he would say by using his mouth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what I said would condemn me”
|
||||
9:20 dd24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification פִּ֣י יַרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי 1 Job is speaking of his **mouth** as if it were a living thing that could **condemn** him. He means that God would condemn him for what he said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God would condemn me for what I said”
|
||||
9:21 ruv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹֽא־אֵדַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֗י 1 In this context, the word **know** means to have regard for something or to be concerned about something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am not concerned about my soul”
|
||||
9:21 j302 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֹֽא־אֵדַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֗י 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **soul**, to mean all of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am not concerned about myself”
|
||||
9:22 ahw1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אַחַ֗ת הִ֥יא 1 The expression **It is one** could mean: (1) that God treats everyone in the same way. Alternate translation: “There is only one way that God treats people” (2) that the same thing would happen to Job whether he was righteous or unrighteous. Alternate translation: “There is only one thing that will happen to me whether I am good or bad”
|
||||
9:22 j303 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations עַל־כֵּ֥ן אָמַ֑רְתִּי תָּ֥ם וְ֝רָשָׁ֗ע ה֣וּא מְכַלֶּֽה 1 Job has not said these specific words earlier, although they are a summary of what he has been saying to this point in his speech. So it may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “that is why I have been saying that God destroys both the blameless and the wicked”
|
||||
9:22 e1i7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj תָּ֥ם וְ֝רָשָׁ֗ע 1 Job is using the adjectives **blameless** and **wicked** as nouns to mean certain kinds of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate these words with equivalent phrases. Alternate translation: “Both blameless people and wicked people”
|
||||
9:23 hsd9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שׁ֭וֹט יָמִ֣ית פִּתְאֹ֑ם 1 Job is speaking of the disasters that people experience in life as if they were literally a **scourge** or whip that was punishing them. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “disasters suddenly kill people”
|
||||
9:23 m78u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns לְמַסַּ֖ת נְקִיִּ֣ם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **despair**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “innocent people when they despair”
|
||||
9:23 sgu2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj נְקִיִּ֣ם 1 Job is using the adjective **innocent** as a noun to mean a certain group of people. The ULT adds the word **ones** to show this. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are innocent”
|
||||
9:24 g65c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶ֤רֶץ ׀ נִתְּנָ֬ה בְֽיַד־רָשָׁ֗ע 1 Here, **hand** represents the power and control that people have over something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The earth has been put under the control of the wicked”
|
||||
9:24 v13g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אֶ֤רֶץ ׀ נִתְּנָ֬ה בְֽיַד־רָשָׁ֗ע 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, the context suggests that it is God. Alternate translation: “God has given the earth into the hand of the wicked” or “God has put the earth under the control of the wicked”
|
||||
9:24 rz2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶ֤רֶץ ׀ נִתְּנָ֬ה 1 Job is using the term **earth** to mean by association the people who live on the earth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The people who live on the earth have been given”
|
||||
9:24 l9pz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor פְּנֵֽי־שֹׁפְטֶ֥יהָ יְכַסֶּ֑ה 1 Job is speaking as if God literally **covers the faces** of **judges**. He means that God keeps these judges from recognizing how to decide cases fairly. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “He keeps judges from recognizing how to decide cases fairly”
|
||||
9:24 y1iv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אִם־לֹ֖א 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “If it is not God who does these things”
|
||||
9:25 aw7i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְיָמַ֣י קַ֭לּוּ מִנִּי־רָ֑ץ בָּֽ֝רְח֗וּ 1 Job is speaking of the **days** of his life as if they were a living thing that could run fast and **flee**. This could mean: (1) that Job is quickly using up his days, that is, he is rapidly approaching the end of his life. Alternate translation: “And I am using up my days very quickly” (2) that each of Job’s days goes by quickly. Alternate translation: “And each of my days seems very short”
|
||||
9:25 um75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־רָא֥וּ טוֹבָֽה 1 Here, as in [3:10](../01/01.md) and [7:7](../01/01.md), to **see** good means to experience it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “They do not experience good”
|
||||
9:25 ej64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj לֹא־רָא֥וּ טוֹבָֽה 1 Job is using the adjective **good** as a noun to mean a certain kind of experience. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “They do not experience good things”
|
||||
9:25 a6zy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification לֹא־רָא֥וּ טוֹבָֽה 1 Job is speaking of the **days** of his life as if they were a living thing that could experience good things or fail to experience them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I do not experience good things during my days”
|
||||
9:26 icr6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חָ֭לְפוּ עִם־אֳנִיּ֣וֹת אֵבֶ֑ה 1 Job is speaking as if the days of his life literally **glide** across the water together with **boats of papyrus**. As in the previous verse, he means that his days move very quickly. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am running out of days as quickly as a papyrus boat glides across the water” or “Each of my days goes by as quickly as a papyrus boat glides across the water”
|
||||
9:26 vrq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כְּ֝נֶ֗שֶׁר יָט֥וּשׂ עֲלֵי־אֹֽכֶל 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “as quickly as an eagle pounces on food”
|
||||
9:26 iuy1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֹֽכֶל 1 Job is using a general term, **food**, to one specific kind of food, the kind an **eagle** would catch and eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “its prey”
|
||||
9:27 wk23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations אִם־אָ֭מְרִי אֶשְׁכְּחָ֣ה שִׂיחִ֑י אֶעֶזְבָ֖ה פָנַ֣י וְאַבְלִֽיגָה 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “If I told myself that I should forget my complaint and change my face and be cheerful”
|
||||
9:27 vk9t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶשְׁכְּחָ֣ה שִׂיחִ֑י 1 When Job speaks of changing his **face** (that is, the expression on his face), he means by association feeling differently so that the expression on his face will change. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “let me feel differently about this”
|
||||
9:28 rek4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result יָגֹ֥רְתִּי כָל־עַצְּבֹתָ֑י יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּי־לֹ֥א תְנַקֵּֽנִי 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “because I know that you would not acquit me, I would fear all my sorrows”
|
||||
9:28 hqx2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יָגֹ֥רְתִּי כָל־עַצְּבֹתָ֑י 1 Job is speaking implicitly of the **sorrows** he knows he would still experience when God punished him for the things God would consider him guilty of doing. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “I would still fear all the sorrows that I would experience because of your punishments”
|
||||
9:28 j304 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular לֹ֥א תְנַקֵּֽנִי 1 The pronoun **you** is singular because it refers to God rather than to the three friends. So use the second-person singular in your translation if your language marks that distinction. Even though to this point in this speech Job has been protesting that he cannot argue his case with God, here he addresses God directly, as he did in [7:7–21](../07/07.md) and as he will do later in this speech in [10:2–22](../10/02.md). It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “you, God, would not acquit me”
|
||||
9:29 js2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony אָנֹכִ֥י אֶרְשָׁ֑ע לָמָּה 1 This could mean: (1) that order to convey emphasis, Job is saying the opposite of what he means. If a speaker of your language would not do this, in your translation you could indicate what Job actually means and convey the emphasis another way. Alternate translation: “God thinks I am wicked! So why” (2) that without intending to convey emphasis, Job is describing how he believes God would regard him. Alternate translation: “Since God would consider me to be wicked anyway, why”
|
||||
9:29 j305 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns אָנֹכִ֥י אֶרְשָׁ֑ע 1 For emphasis, Job is stating the pronoun **I**, whose meaning is already present in the verb **know**. If your language can state implied pronouns explicitly for emphasis, you may want to use that construction here in your translation. Other languages may have other ways of bringing out this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am a wicked person”
|
||||
9:29 w57l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion לָמָּה־זֶּ֝֗ה הֶ֣בֶל אִיגָֽע 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “there is no reason for me to toil in vain”
|
||||
9:29 j306 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֶ֣בֶל אִיגָֽע 1 By **toil**, Job implicitly means working hard to prove his innocence. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “would I work hard in vain to prove my innocence”
|
||||
9:30 j307 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction אִם־ הִתְרָחַ֥צְתִּי בְמֵי־ שָׁ֑לֶג וַ֝הֲזִכּ֗וֹתִי בְּבֹ֣ר כַּפָּֽי 1 Job is speaking hypothetically of something he might do as a symbolic action to show that he is genuinely innocent. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “If I washed myself with water of snow and cleansed my hands with lye to show how innocent I am”
|
||||
9:30 l6jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְמֵי־שָׁ֑לֶג 1 The implications are that **water** from freshly melting **snow** is very pure. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “with very pure water”
|
||||
9:30 a4jk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְּבֹ֣ר 1 The word **lye** describes a cleansing agent made from the ashes of certain plants. If your readers would not be familiar with what lye is, in your translation you could use the name of a comparable substance in your culture, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “with a strong cleansing agent”
|
||||
9:31 sz3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction בַּשַּׁ֣חַת תִּטְבְּלֵ֑נִי 1 Job is speaking hypothetically of something he believes God would do as a symbolic action to show that God considered him guilty rather than innocent. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “you would plunge me into a ditch to show how guilty you considered me to be”
|
||||
9:31 j308 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular תִּטְבְּלֵ֑נִי 1 The word **you** is singular here because Job is once again addressing God directly. So use the singular form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
9:31 j309 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּשַּׁ֣חַת 1 By **a ditch**, Job implicitly means a ditch full of dirty water that would make his body dirty all over. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “into a ditch full of dirty water”
|
||||
9:31 vh45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֝תִֽעֲב֗וּנִי שַׂלְמוֹתָֽי 1 Job is speaking of his **clothes** as if it were a living thing that could **abhor** him. He means that the water in the ditch would make his body so dirty that his own clothes would not want to be on his body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and my body would become very dirty”
|
||||
9:33 j310 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction יָשֵׁ֖ת יָד֣וֹ עַל־שְׁנֵֽינוּ 1 A judge would **lay his hand** on the opposing parties in a case as a symbolic action to show that he was bringing them both under his judicial authority. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. Alternate translation: “who would lay his hand upon the two of us to show that he had the authority to decide our case”
|
||||
9:34 hm1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָסֵ֣ר מֵעָלַ֣י שִׁבְט֑וֹ וְ֝אֵמָת֗וֹ 1 The pronoun **he** refers to a judge who might decide Job’s case against God, and the pronoun **his** refers to God. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers, and it may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “There is no judge who could turn God’s rod from upon me and God’s terror”
|
||||
9:34 cc5r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׁבְט֑וֹ 1 Job is speaking as if God were literally using a **rod** or stick to punish him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his punishment”
|
||||
9:34 vs1b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְ֝אֵמָת֗וֹ אַֽל־תְּבַעֲתַֽנִּי 1 Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply these words from earlier in the sentence if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and turn his terror from upon me, so that it would not frighten me”
|
||||
9:35 fa78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַֽ֭דַבְּרָה וְלֹ֣א אִירָאֶ֑נּוּ 1 Job means implicitly that he would do these things if there were someone to judge between him and God. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “If there were someone to judge between us, I would speak and I would not fear him”
|
||||
9:35 j311 אַֽ֭דַבְּרָה 1 Job is using an emphatic verbal form. Your language may have a similar form that you can use in your translation. If not, you could express the emphasis another way. Alternate translation: “I would certainly speak”
|
||||
9:35 ug86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹא־כֵ֥ן אָ֝נֹכִ֗י עִמָּדִֽי 1 Interpreters are unsure what this expression means. It could possibly mean: (1) Alternate translation: “That is not how things are with me at the moment” (2) Alternate translation: “I am not the kind of person who would do that now”
|
||||
10:intro ul99 0 # Job 10 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nIn this chapter, Job finishes responding to Bildad’s first speech. As he did in chapter 7, Job speaks to God in light of his exchange with his friend, although in this case Job describes what he would say to God rather than addressing God directly.\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is poetry.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nIn many places in this chapter, Job uses the question form in order to express strong feelings. Your language might not use the question form for this purpose. Notes will suggest other ways to translate these questions. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])\n\n## Translation issues in this chapter\n\n### Extended quotation\n\nStarting in verse 2 and continuing through the end of the chapter, Job quotes what he would say to God if he could argue his case with him. If your language would not naturally put one direct quotation inside another, you could translate what Job says as an indirect quotation. A note to verse 2 suggests how to start doing that. You could follow the same approach throughout the rest of the chapter.
|
||||
10:1 ch7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche נָֽקְטָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֗י & בְּמַ֣ר נַפְשִֽׁי 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **soul**, to mean all of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I am weary … in my bitterness”
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10:1 p5cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶֽעֶזְבָ֣ה עָלַ֣י שִׂיחִ֑י 1 In this expression, to **abandon** something **upon** oneself means not to restrain it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I will complain without restraining myself”
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10:2 j312 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes אֹמַ֣ר אֶל־אֱ֭לוֹהַּ אַל־תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי עַ֣ל מַה־תְּרִיבֵֽנִי 1 As the General Notes to this chapter discuss, this is the beginning of a long quotation within a quotation. Job is telling his friends what he would like to tell God. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this and the rest of the chapter so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “I will tell God not to condemn me but to cause me to know for what he is accusing me”
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10:2 j313 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks אֹמַ֣ר אֶל־אֱ֭לוֹהַּ אַל־תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי עַ֣ל מַה־תְּרִיבֵֽנִי 1 If you decide to translate what Job says he would tell God as a direct quotation, you could indicate the start of the quotation with an opening second-level quotation mark or with some other punctuation or convention that your language uses to indicate the start of a second-level quotation.
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10:2 j314 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַל־תַּרְשִׁיעֵ֑נִי הֽ֝וֹדִיעֵ֗נִי 1 Job means implicitly that he does not want God merely to condemn him without letting him know why he is condemning him. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Do not condemn me without causing me to know”
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10:3 aaw5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲט֤וֹב לְךָ֨ ׀ כִּֽי־תַעֲשֹׁ֗ק כִּֽי־תִ֭מְאַס יְגִ֣יעַ כַּפֶּ֑יךָ וְעַל־עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not consider it good to oppress me, to despise the work of your hands, while you shine on the plans of the wicked!”
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10:3 vw7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche יְגִ֣יעַ כַּפֶּ֑יךָ 1 Job is using one part of God, his **hands**, to mean all of him in the act of working to make something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your own work”
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10:3 q8wf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְעַל־עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ 1 When Job says that God would **shine**, he means that God would have a glowing, approving expression on his face. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “on the plans of the wicked you smile”
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10:3 j316 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְעַל־עֲצַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים הוֹפָֽעְתָּ 1 Job is using one part of giving and showing approval, visibly smiling, to mean the entire act of approving. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you approve of what the wicked plan to do”
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10:3 j315 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj רְשָׁעִ֣ים 1 Job is using the adjective **wicked** as a noun to mean a certain kind of person. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “wicked people”
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10:4 j317 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַעֵינֵ֣י בָשָׂ֣ר לָ֑ךְ אִם־כִּרְא֖וֹת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ תִּרְאֶֽה 1 Job is using the terms **eyes** and **seeing** to mean by association knowing and understanding, since people often discover things by seeing them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do you only know and understand the kind of things that people can see with their eyes”
|
||||
10:4 e9t6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הַעֵינֵ֣י בָשָׂ֣ר לָ֑ךְ אִם־כִּרְא֖וֹת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ תִּרְאֶֽה 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations. Alternate translation: “You do not have eyes of flesh! You do not see according to the seeing of a man!”
|
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10:4 d65r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הַעֵינֵ֣י בָשָׂ֣ר לָ֑ךְ 1 Job is using the expression **of flesh** to mean “human,” by association with the way that humans have flesh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do you have human eyes?” or “You do not have human eyes!”
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10:4 j318 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations כִּרְא֖וֹת אֱנ֣וֹשׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. Alternate translation: “as people do”
|
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10:5 st4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הֲכִימֵ֣י אֱנ֣וֹשׁ יָמֶ֑יךָ אִם־שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָ כִּ֣ימֵי גָֽבֶר 1 Job is asking implicitly whether God has the same number of **days** and **years** as a human being, not whether God experiences the kind of **days** and **years** that people do. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Is the number of your days the same as the number of the days that a man has, or is the number of your years the same as the number of days that a person has”
|
||||
10:5 awt6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲכִימֵ֣י אֱנ֣וֹשׁ יָמֶ֑יךָ אִם־שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָ כִּ֣ימֵי גָֽבֶר 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or as exclamations, not continuing this sentence into the following two verses. Alternate translation: “Your days are not like the days of a man! No, your years are not like the days of a person!”
|
||||
10:5 j319 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הֲכִימֵ֣י אֱנ֣וֹשׁ יָמֶ֑יךָ אִם־שְׁ֝נוֹתֶ֗יךָ כִּ֣ימֵי גָֽבֶר 1 Job is using the terms **days** and **years** to mean by association the lifetime of a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could combine the two phrases and state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do you have a short lifetime as people do” or “You do not have a short lifetime as people do!”
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10:5 j320 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אֱנ֣וֹשׁ 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Job is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a term in your language that is clearly inclusive of both men and women. The specific term that Job uses here connotes the mortality of humans. Alternate translation: “a mortal”
|
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10:5 j321 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הֲכִימֵ֣י 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could say “years” instead of **days** here. This would maintain a parallel between the two parts of this verse without making any significant change in meaning. (The original reading may have been “years”; many translations say that.) Alternate translation: “like the years of”
|
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10:6 zdk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כִּֽי־תְבַקֵּ֥שׁ לַעֲוֺנִ֑י וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥י תִדְרֽוֹשׁ 1 Job seems to be asking implicitly in this verse and the previous one whether God is seeking urgently to discover whether he has sinned because God has only a short time to live and God wants to discover this before he dies. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “Is that why you seek for my iniquity and search for my sin”
|
||||
10:6 j322 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism כִּֽי־תְבַקֵּ֥שׁ לַעֲוֺנִ֑י וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥י תִדְרֽוֹשׁ 1 These two phrases mean similar things. Job is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the phrases express, to convey his sense that God is seeking urgently to find out whether he has sinned. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “that you seek so urgently to discover whether I have sinned” or “Is that why you seek so urgently to discover whether I have sinned”
|
||||
10:6 j323 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion כִּֽי־תְבַקֵּ֥שׁ לַעֲוֺנִ֑י וּ֭לְחַטָּאתִ֥י תִדְרֽוֹשׁ 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. If you chose not to continue the sentence from the previous verse in order to translate the questions there as statements or exclamations, this would be a new sentence. You could also choose not to continue it into the next verse. Alternate translation: “You do not need to seek for my iniquity and search for my sin!”
|
||||
10:7 s3k7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion עַֽל־דַּ֭עְתְּךָ כִּי־לֹ֣א אֶרְשָׁ֑ע וְאֵ֖ין מִיָּדְךָ֣ מַצִּֽיל 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. If you chose not to continue the sentence from the previous verse in order to translate the question there as a statement or as an exclamation, this would be a new sentence. Alternate translation: “After all, you know that I am not wicked and there is no one rescuing me from your hand!”
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10:7 j324 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom עַֽל־דַּ֭עְתְּךָ 1 In this expression, **above** means “in addition to.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “even though you know that”
|
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10:7 j325 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֵ֖ין מִיָּדְךָ֣ מַצִּֽיל 1 The implication seems to be that God does not need to seek urgently to discover whether Job has sinned because Job cannot escape from God. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and that I cannot escape from you”
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10:7 vzd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche מִיָּדְךָ֣ 1 Job is using one part of God, his **hand**, to mean all of him in the act of apprehending Job as a wrongdoer. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from you”
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10:8 p1ml rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet יָדֶ֣יךָ עִ֭צְּבוּנִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֑וּנִי 1 The terms **formed** and **made** mean similar things. Job is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Indeed, your hands created me”
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10:8 tx92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche יָדֶ֣יךָ 1 Job is using one part of God, his **hands**, to mean all of him in the act of making Job. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You”
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10:9 x1dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַחֹ֣מֶר עֲשִׂיתָ֑נִי 1 The point of this comparison is that God molded Job’s body as one molds clay to make things. Job is not saying that God made him to be like clay. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “you molded my body as one molds clay”
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10:9 zg5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְֽאֶל־עָפָ֥ר תְּשִׁיבֵֽנִי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “so please do not turn me into dust again!”
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10:10 h664 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹ֣א כֶ֭חָלָב תַּתִּיכֵ֑נִי וְ֝כַגְּבִנָּ֗ה תַּקְפִּיאֵֽנִי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You have poured me like milk and caused me to curdle like cheese.”
|
||||
10:10 c2ul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile הֲלֹ֣א כֶ֭חָלָב תַּתִּיכֵ֑נִי וְ֝כַגְּבִנָּ֗ה תַּקְפִּיאֵֽנִי 1 The point of this comparison is that just as one pours out **milk** and curdles it to make **cheese**, so God has created Job. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “You are the one who has created me, just as one creates cheese out of milk”
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10:11 j326 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure ע֣וֹר וּ֭בָשָׂר תַּלְבִּישֵׁ֑נִי וּֽבַעֲצָמ֥וֹת וְ֝גִידִ֗ים תְּסֹכְכֵֽנִי 1 Ordinarily one builds the inside of something before its outside, so you might find it more natural to put the information about the **bones and tendons** before the information about the **skin and flesh**. Alternate translation: “You knit me together with bones and tendons and then you clothed me with skin and flesh”
|
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10:11 p9pw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ע֣וֹר וּ֭בָשָׂר תַּלְבִּישֵׁ֑נִי 1 Job is speaking as if God had literally **clothed** him with **skin and flesh**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You have covered my body with skin and flesh”
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10:11 mxm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּֽבַעֲצָמ֥וֹת וְ֝גִידִ֗ים תְּסֹכְכֵֽנִי 1 Job is speaking as if God had literally **knit** him **together** with **bones and tendons**. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you have given me a supportive skeletal system of bones and tendons”
|
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10:12 tc2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חַיִּ֣ים וָ֭חֶסֶד עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּדִ֑י 1 The implication is that God made these things **alongside** Job so that they would accompany him. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “You caused life and covenant faithfulness to accompany me” or “You made sure that I would experience life and covenant faithfulness”
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10:12 dt8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ֝פְקֻדָּתְךָ֗ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **visitation**, you could express the same idea in another way. In this context, the word **visitation** does not indicate that God spent time with Job temporarily but that he was always present with him. Alternate translation: “and your presence”
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10:12 h7in rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche רוּחִֽי 1 Job is using one part of himself, his **spirit**, to mean all of him, with an emphasis on him being alive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “me” or “my life”
|
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10:13 j327 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֭אֵלֶּה צָפַ֣נְתָּ בִלְבָבֶ֑ךָ 1 Job is speaking as if God literally **hid** certain **things** in his **heart**. Here, the **heart** represents the thoughts and motives. Job means that God was secretly planning certain things. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But you were secretly planning these things”
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10:13 j328 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom זֹ֥את עִמָּֽךְ 1 The expression **this was with you** means “this is what you were thinking.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “this is what you were thinking”
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10:14 zj6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives וּ֝מֵעֲוֺנִ֗י לֹ֣א תְנַקֵּֽנִי 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this with a positive expression. Alternate translation: “and you would declare me guilty of my iniquity”
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||||
10:14 j329 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּ֝מֵעֲוֺנִ֗י לֹ֣א תְנַקֵּֽנִי 1 The implication is that God would punish Job for his **iniquity** if God did not **acquit** him. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and you would punish me for my iniquity”
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10:15 j330 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אִם־רָשַׁ֡עְתִּי אַלְלַ֬י לִ֗י וְ֭צָדַקְתִּי לֹא־אֶשָּׂ֣א רֹאשִׁ֑י שְׂבַ֥ע קָ֝ל֗וֹן וּרְאֵ֥ה עָנְיִֽי 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could put the phrase **I will not lift my head** at the end of this verse, since the material that follows this phrase gives the reason for the result that it describes. Alternate translation: “And even if I am righteous, because I am nevertheless full of disgrace—yes, see my affliction!—I will not lift my head”
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10:15 h2sc rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction לֹא־אֶשָּׂ֣א רֹאשִׁ֑י 1 Job is saying that he would not **lift** his **head** (that is, he would look down) as a symbolic action to express that he was feeling shame. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the significance of this action. There may be some physical gesture with the same meaning in your culture that you can use in your translation. You could also use a general expression. Alternate translation: “I will still look down in shame” or “I will still cover my eyes in shame” or “I will still act ashamed”
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10:15 amu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שְׂבַ֥ע קָ֝ל֗וֹן 1 For emphasis, Job is speaking of himself as if he were a container that **disgrace** could fill. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “I feel very disgraced”
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10:15 bu5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular וּרְאֵ֥ה עָנְיִֽי 1 The imperative **see** is singular because Job is addressing God, not his three friends. So use the second-person singular in your translation if your language marks that distinction. It may also be helpful to specify the addressee. Alternate translation: “Yes, God, see my affliction”
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10:15 fs2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּרְאֵ֥ה 1 Job is using the term **see** to mean “consider” by association with the way people consider things that they are looking at. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yes, consider”
|
||||
10:16 z3nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְ֭יִגְאֶה 1 The pronoun **it** refers to Job’s head, which in the previous verse he said he would not lift. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “And should my head arise”
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10:16 j331 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ֭יִגְאֶה 1 Job is speaking of his **head** as if it were a living thing that could **arise** on its own. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And should I raise my head” or “And if I did raise my head”
|
||||
10:16 bss8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַּשַּׁ֣חַל תְּצוּדֵ֑נִי 1 The point of this comparison is that just as a **lion** stalks its prey relentlessly, so, Job is saying, God would stalk him relentlessly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this point explicitly. Alternate translation: “you would stalk me as relentlessly as a lion stalks its prey”
|
||||
10:16 yj7r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ֝תָשֹׁ֗ב תִּתְפַּלָּא־בִֽי 1 In this expression, the word **return** means to do something again. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and once again you would distinguish yourself against me”
|
||||
10:16 j332 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝תָשֹׁ֗ב תִּתְפַּלָּא־בִֽי 1 Job means implicitly that God would **distinguish** himself by punishing Job in spectacular ways. ([Exodus 3:20](../03/20.md) uses the same verb to describe the plagues that God sent against the Egyptians.) You could indicate this meaning in your translation if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and you would do further great things to punish me” or “you would punish me further in spectacular ways”
|
||||
10:17 u754 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁ עֵדֶ֨יךָ ׀ נֶגְדִּ֗י 1 In this verse, Job continues to describe what he believes God would do if he were to “lift” his “head” (that is, if he were to act as if he had nothing to be ashamed of), as he said in [10:15](../10/15.md). Job could be using the word **witnesses** here to mean: (1) accusations that God would make against Job, as if God were literally a witness testifying against Job in a trial. Alternate translation: “You would accuse me of doing further wrong things” (2) sufferings that God would cause Job to experience, since people in this culture believed that sufferings were evidence that God was punishing someone for doing wrong. Alternate translation: “You would cause me to suffer even more”
|
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10:17 di4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys חֲלִיפ֖וֹת וְצָבָ֣א עִמִּֽי 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. Job is using the word **changes** to indicate that he feels that God is sending one **army** after another against him. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use “and.” Alternate translation: “you keep sending new armies against me”
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10:17 zs8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חֲלִיפ֖וֹת וְצָבָ֣א עִמִּֽי 1 Job is speaking as if God is literally sending one **army** after another against him. He means that he feels that God keeps attacking him. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you keep attacking me”
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10:18 j333 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְלָ֣מָּה מֵ֭רֶחֶם הֹצֵאתָ֑נִי 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “You should not have brought me out of the womb!”
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10:18 zk6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְלָ֣מָּה מֵ֭רֶחֶם הֹצֵאתָ֑נִי 1 Job is speaking of God bringing him **out from the womb** by association to describe his birth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why did you allow me to be born?” or “You should not have allowed me to be born!”
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10:18 n2ql rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אֶ֝גְוַ֗ע 1 Job is using the word **expire**, which means to “breathe out,” to mean “die.” This is a mild way of referring to death. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “I wish that I had never taken a breath in this life” or “I wish that I had died at birth”
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10:18 s56b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וְעַ֣יִן לֹא־תִרְאֵֽנִי 1 Job is using one part of a person, the **eye**, to mean all of a person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and no one had ever seen me”
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10:19 bzd2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ֝בֶּ֗טֶן לַקֶּ֥בֶר אוּבָֽל 1 Job is using the term **womb** by association to mean birth and the term **grave** by association to mean death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I wish that I had died as soon as I was born”
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10:19 uc37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive אוּבָֽל 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I wish that someone had brought me”
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10:20 yd2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion הֲלֹא־ מְעַ֣ט יָמַ֣י 1 Job is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for that purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “My days are so few!”
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10:20 j334 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וַחֲדָ֑ל וְשִׁ֥ית מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי 1 The expressions **cease** and **put from me** mean similar things. Job is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “So stop me making me suffer”
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10:20 j335 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְשִׁ֥ית מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי 1 Interpreters are not certain what this phrase means. It is possible that Job is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if that would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “and put these sufferings away from me”
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10:20 j336 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאַבְלִ֥יגָה מְּעָֽט 1 Job is not asking God to **let** him **smile a little**; rather, Job is saying what he would do if God stopped making him suffer. You could indicate that in your translation if it would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and then I would be able to smile a little”
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10:20 j337 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְאַבְלִ֥יגָה מְּעָֽט 1 Job is using the term **smile** to mean being happy or comforted, by association with the way that people who are happy or comforted smile. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and let me experience a little comfort”
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10:20 j338 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאַבְלִ֥יגָה מְּעָֽט 1 In this verse, the term **little** translates the same word that the term **few** translates. Your language may allow you to show this in your translation. Alternate translation: “and let me smile for a few moments”
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10:21 i9h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָֽוֶת 1 The terms **darkness** and **deep shadow** mean similar things. Job is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “to the land of great darkness” or “to the place where it is very dark”
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10:21 f7d8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶל־אֶ֖רֶץ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָֽוֶת 1 Job is using the terms **darkness** and **deep shadow** to mean by association the abode of the dead, which people in this culture believed to be a very dark place, since it was away from any sunlight. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to the abode of the dead”
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10:22 xkq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ־אֹֽפֶל 1 The pronoun **it** could refer to: (1) whatever faint light there might be in the abode of the dead. Alternate translation: “and where the light shines like gloom” or “and where the only light is very faint” (2) the **land** that Job has been describing, that is, the abode of the dead itself. In order to draw a contrast with the darkness in the abode of the dead, Job would be speaking as if a place that is well-lit **shines**. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “There is no light in that land”
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10:22 a8nx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks וַתֹּ֥פַע כְּמוֹ־אֹֽפֶל 1 If you decided to translate verses 2–22 as a second-level direct quotation, indicate the end of that quotation here at the end of this sentence with a closing second-level quotation mark or whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate the end of a second-level quotation.
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11:intro m1vt 0 # Job 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThe ULT sets the lines of this chapter farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because it is a poem. This chapter is the advice of Job’s friend, Zophar.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Zophar’s advice\n\nZophar tells Job to curse Yahweh. The advice Zophar gives to Job is bad advice. He even questions the character of God. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Rhetorical questions\n\nZophar uses many different rhetorical questions in this chapter in order to try to convince Job that he is wrong. These questions help to build Zophar’s argument. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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11:1 mbq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Zophar the Naamathite 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [Job 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate translation: “Zophar from the region of Naamah”
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11:2 cq18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Should not such a multitude of words be answered? 0 Zophar is asking a question in the negative to emphasize that Job’s words must be challenged. Alternate translation: “We must answer all of these words!” or “Someone should respond to all these words!”
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@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ front:intro xx8l 0 # Introduction to Revelation\n\n## Part 1: General Introdu
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1:5 tqfs rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns τῷ ἀγαπῶντι ἡμᾶς 1 Here, **the one** refers to Jesus Christ. If this is not clear to your readers, you can say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “To Jesus Christ, who loves us”
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1:5 rvmr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς & ἡμᾶς & ἡμῶν 1 By **us** and **our**, John means both himself and his readers. So use the inclusive form of those words in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
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1:5 u6v7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor λύσαντι ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν 1 John is speaking of **sins** as if they were something that had held him and his readers captive and from which they needed to be **released**. He means that Jesus obtained forgiveness from God for people’s sins. If it would be clearer in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the one having obtained forgiveness for us for our sins”
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1:5 q64f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν τῷ αἵματι αὐτοῦ 1 By **blood**, John implicitly means the blood that Jesus shed when he died on the cross. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly in your translation. Alternate translation: “by the blood that he shed when he died on the cross”
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1:5 q64f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐν τῷ αἵματι αὐτοῦ 1 John is using the word **blood** to refer by association to the sacrificial death of Jesus, since Jesus shed his blood when he died for **our sins**. Alternate translation: “by his sacrificial death”
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1:6 tkqk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐποίησεν & αὐτοῦ & αὐτῷ 1 The pronouns **he**, **his**, and **him** all refer to Jesus. It may be helpful to clarify this for your readers. Alternate translation: “Jesus has made … his … to Jesus”
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1:6 nhfb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor βασιλείαν, ἱερεῖς τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρί αὐτοῦ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of a **kingdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. The phrase **a kingdom, priests to God** is an allusion to [Exodus 19:6](../exo/19/06.md), where God tells the Israelites, “You will be to me a kingdom of priests.” This means that the Israelites will have the God as their king and that they will lead the other people of the world to worship God. Alternate translation: “people who obey God, the Father of Jesus Christ, as their king and who lead others to worship him”
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1:6 ne7x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρί αὐτοῦ 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two words connected with **and**. The phrase **his Father** tells who **God** is. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use “and.” Alternate translation: “to God, who is his Father”
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Reference in New Issue