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Merge tracypreslar-tc-create-1 into master by tracypreslar (#3388)
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tn_2SA.tsv
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tn_2SA.tsv
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@ -497,138 +497,98 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
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12:31 ya1w saws, iron picks, and axes 0 These are tools to cut wood or break up the ground.
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12:31 tl3i brick kilns 0 ovens where bricks are dried and hardened
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12:31 ew58 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all the cities of the people of Ammon 0 This refers to the people in the cities. Alternate translation: “all the people of the cites of Ammon”
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13:intro abcd 0 # 2 Samuel 13 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the story about the difficulties and killings in David’s family. David’s sin caused these problems in his family. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Amnon raped Absalom’s sister\nAmnon raped Absalom’s sister, who was his own half-sister. David did nothing to punish him and David’s lack of action caused significant problems in his family and in Israel. This eventually caused Solomon to become king, even though he was not the oldest son.
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13:intro abcd 0 # 2 Samuel 13 General Notes\n\n
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13:1 e2ti rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It came about after this 0 “It happened after this.” This phrase is used to introduce a new event to the story line.
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13:1 tup1 half-sister 0 Amnon and Tamar shared the same father but not the same mother.
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13:1 fj5k full sister 0 Absalom and Tamar shared the same father and mother.
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13:1 tup1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit half-sister 0 Amnon and Tamar shared the same father but not the same mother.
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13:1 fj5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit full sister 0 Absalom and Tamar shared the same father and mother.
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13:2 fmq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Amnon was so frustrated that he became sick because of his sister Tamar 0 Amnon was frustrated because he desired to sleep with his sister Tamar. Alternate translation: “Amnon was so frustrated with desire for his sister Tamar that he felt sick”
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13:3 rz6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jonadab son of Shimeah, David’s brother 0 These are the names of men. Shimeah was David’s brother.
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13:3 rz6p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jonadab son of Shimeah, David’s brother 0 These are the names of men.
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13:3 knc5 shrewd 0 crafty or deceptive
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13:4 qef9 depressed 0 in an emotional state of extreme unhappiness
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13:4 s99u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis Will you not tell me? 0 It is understood that he is asking him about his depression, which can be stated clearly. Also, this rhetorical question is a request for Jehonadab to tell him why he is depressed. It may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Will you not tell me why you are depressed?” or “Please, tell me why you are depressed.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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13:5 qen4 Jonadab 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md).
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13:4 s99u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Will you not tell me? 0 This rhetorical question is a request for Jehonadab to tell him why he is depressed. It may be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please, tell me why you are depressed.”
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13:5 xjs4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom eat it from her hand 0 This is probably a request for her to serve food to him personally. He probably did not want her to put the food in his mouth. Alternate translation: “have her serve it to me herself”
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13:6 tsl3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I may eat from her hand 0 This is probably a request for her to serve food to him personally. He probably did not expect her to put the food in his mouth. Alternate translation: “she may serve it to me to eat”
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13:6 n1c2 pretended to be sick 0 This means he gave a false appearance of being ill.
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13:6 a3i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy for my sickness in front of me 0 The food is not for his sickness, but rather it is for him, because he is sick. The phrase “in front of me” is a request for Tamar to prepare the food in his presence. Alternate translation: “in front of me because I am sick”
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13:7 we8h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy David sent word 0 This means that he sent a messenger to speak to Tamar. Alternate translation: “David sent a messenger”
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13:8 k69t dough 0 a thick mixture of flour and liquid used for baking
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13:8 di8s kneaded 0 used her hands to mix the dough
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13:8 l12v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom in his sight 0 This means that Tamar made the bread in front of him. Alternate translation: “in front of him” or “in his presence”
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13:8 di8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown kneaded 0 used her hands to mix the dough
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13:8 l12v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy in his sight 0 This means that Tamar made the bread in front of him. Alternate translation: “in front of him” or “in his presence”
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13:9 cwh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom So everyone went out from him 0 To “go out from someone” means to leave them. Alternate translation: “So everyone left him”
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13:10 y3b4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom that I may eat from your hand 0 This is a request for Tamar to serve the food to him personally. Alternate translation: “and serve it to me”
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13:11 c79f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism lie with me 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “have sexual relations with me”
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13:12 rly8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis do not force me 0 She is referring to having sexual relations with him. Alternate translation: “do not force me to have sexual relations with you”
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13:12 fd8t appalling 0 very shameful
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13:13 j8jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How could I be rid of my shame? 0 Tamar asks this rhetorical question to emphasize how much shame she would have if she slept with him. Tamar speaks of getting rid of her shame as if it were an enemy or a tormentor that she needed to escape from. Alternate translation: “If you do this, I would have to endure shame everywhere I go” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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13:13 j8jb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion How could I be rid of my shame? 0 Tamar asks this rhetorical question to emphasize how much shame she would have if she slept with him.Alternate translation: “But I will not be able to bring my shame anywhere.”
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13:13 mf9b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַאֲנִ֗י אָ֤נָה אוֹלִיךְ֙ אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִ֔ 0 Tamar speaks of getting rid of her shame as if it were an enemy or a tormentor that she needed to escape from.
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13:14 ras3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism he lay with her 0 This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “he had sexual relations with her”
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13:16 zc24 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Because this great evil of making me leave is even worse 0 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **this great evil**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “It would be very evil to make me leave! It would be even worse”
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13:17 au8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit bolt the door after her 0 This means to lock the door so that she will not be able to come back in again. Alternate translation: “lock the door so that she cannot come back in”
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13:18 c6te rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit bolted the door after her 0 This means to lock the door so that she will not be able to come back in again. Alternate translation: “locked the door so that she could not go back in”
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13:19 i3wt rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction put ashes on her head and tore her robe. She put her hands on her head 0 These are acts of mourning and grief in the Israelite culture. Alternate translation: “put ashes on her head and tore her robe to show that she was very sad. Then to show her grief, she put her hands on her head”
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13:20 w3wp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism Has Amnon your brother been with you? 0 This is a polite way to ask is Amnon has had sexual relations with her. Alternate translation: “Has Amnon your brother slept with you?”
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13:20 ffu3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keep quiet 0 This means to not tell anyone about something. Alternate translation: “do not tell anyone about this”
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13:20 ce3a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Do not take this thing to heart 0 The phrase “take something to heart” means “to worry about it.” Alternate translation: “Do not worry about what has happened”
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13:20 m1az So Tamar remained alone 0 This means that she did not marry.
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13:22 j3li said nothing 0 Alternate translation: “did not speak”
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13:20 m1az rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit So Tamar remained alone 0 This means that she did not marry.
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13:23 q5hh rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It came about after two full years 0 This explains that two whole years has passed and introduces the next event in the story line. The phrase “full years” means that they are complete years.
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13:23 qef5 shearers 0 These are people who cut the wool from sheep.
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13:23 am6l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Baal Hazor 0 This is the name of a place.
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13:24 e8ml Look now 0 This is a phrase used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
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13:24 wmj8 your servant 0 Absalom is calling himself “your servant” to show respect.
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13:24 uq3x has sheep shearers 0 It was customary for people in Israel to have a party after they had sheared their sheep.
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13:24 tav8 may the king 0 Although he is talking to his father the king, he calls him “the king” instead of “you” to show respect for him.
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13:26 b7e9 please let my brother Amnon go with us 0 The oldest son could often represent his father in Israelite culture. Amnon was David’s oldest son.
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13:26 ep6f Why should Amnon go with you? 0 David knew that Amnon was not Absalom’s friend.
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13:27 kd8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Absalom pressed David 0 Here the author speaks of Absalom urging David to let Amnon come as if he were putting physical pressure on him. Alternate translation: “Absalom begged David for Amnon to come”
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13:27 w3cs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche all the king’s sons 0 This does not include Absalom and Amnon who is dead. It includes the rest of the sons that the king allowed to go to the celebration. Alternate translation: “the rest of the king’s sons”
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13:28 yfb3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Do not be afraid 0 This implies that they do not need to be afraid of the consequences for killing Amnon. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Do not be afraid that you will be blamed for killing the king’s son”
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13:28 ev94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have I not commanded you? 0 Absalom asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he will be blamed for killing Amnon because he is commanding them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have commanded you to do this.” or “I will be the one guilty for killing him because I have commanded you to do this.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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13:28 fa5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis not commanded you 0 What Absalom has commanded them to do may be stated in the question. Alternate translation: “not commanded you to kill him”
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13:29 jr7q every man 0 This refers to the king’s sons who left the celebration.
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13:24 e8ml rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Look 0 This is a phrase used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
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13:24 wmj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness your servant 0 Absalom is calling himself “your servant” to show respect.
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13:24 uq3x Please, let the king and his servants go with your servant. 0 It was customary for people in Israel to have a party after they had sheared their sheep.
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13:24 tav8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness may the king 0 Although he is talking to his father the king, he calls him “the king” instead of “you” to show respect for him.
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13:26 ep6f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Why should Amnon go with you? 0 David knew that Amnon was not Absalom’s friend.
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13:27 w3cs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish all the king's sons 0 This does not include Absalom and Amnon who is dead. It includes the rest of the sons that the king allowed to go to the celebration. Alternate translation: “the rest of the king’s sons”
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13:28 ev94 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Have I not commanded you? 0 Absalom asks this rhetorical question to emphasize that he will be blamed for killing Amnon because he is commanding them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will be the one guilty for killing him because I have commanded you to do this.”
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13:30 jr55 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent So it came about 0 “It happened that.” This phrase is used here to introduce the next event in the story line.
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13:30 x2s3 on the road 0 Alternate translation: “travelling along the road”
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13:30 hpn8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy that the news came to David saying 0 Here it says that the news came, when really someone came and told David the news. Alternate translation: “that someone came and reported the news to David saying”
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13:31 l6aw Then the king arose 0 Alternate translation: “Then the king stood up”
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13:31 a8qp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction tore his clothes, and lay on the floor 0 He did these things to show that he was extremely sad. Alternate translation: “tore his clothes, and threw himself on the floor grieving”
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13:31 a62g rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction with their clothes torn 0 They did this to show their sadness and to mourn with their king. Alternate translation: “and tore their clothes, mourning with the king”
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13:32 a6vi Jonadab … Shimeah 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md).
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13:32 dsh2 Let not my master believe 0 Alternate translation: “My master, do not believe”
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13:32 ev3e my master 0 Jonadab calls David “my master” to show respect.
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13:32 a6vi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Jonadab … Shimeah 0 See how you translated these men’s names in [2 Samuel 13:3](../13/03.md).
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13:32 dsh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 Alternate translation: “My master, do not believe”
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13:32 ev3e rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness my master 0 Jonadab calls David “my master” to show respect.
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13:32 a8f7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism Amnon violated his sister 0 This is a polite way of saying that Amnon raped his sister.
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13:33 qjg1 let not my master the king 0 Alternate translation: “my master the king, do not”
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13:33 cf2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom take this report to heart 0 The phrase “take something to heart” means “to worry about it.” Alternate translation: “worry about this report”
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13:34 rh5b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom keeping watch 0 This means that the servant was watching for enemies while guarding at the city wall. Alternate translation: “who was guarding” or “who was guarding at the city wall”
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13:34 j8la rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor raised his eyes 0 Here the servant looking up at something is spoken of as if he lifted up his eyes. Alternate translation: “looked up”
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13:36 r5i8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent So it came about 0 This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
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13:36 r9gz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor raised their voices 0 Here the sons crying out is spoken of as if their voices were something they lifted into the sky. Alternate translation: “cried out”
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13:37 dqp1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Talmai … Ammihud 0 These are the names of men.
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13:37 wxs3 for his son 0 Alternate translation: “for his son Amnon”
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13:38 pbz9 where he was for three years 0 Alternate translation: “where he stayed for three years”
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13:39 ky6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The mind of King David longed 0 Here David is referred to by his mind to emphasize his thoughts. Alternate translation: “King David longed”
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13:39 t9kb for he was comforted concerning Amnon and his death 0 “because he was no longer grieving about Amnon being dead.” This refers to three years after Absalom fled to Geshur.
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14:intro abce 0 # 2 Samuel 14 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Reconciliation\n\nDavid missed his son, Absalom, who was in exile. Joab summons a wise woman to reconcile David and Absalom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/reconcile]])\n\n## Important figures of speech used in this chapter\n\n### Parable\n\nThe wise woman uses a type of parable to convince David that his actions were wrong. He treated a stranger worse than he treated his own son. This hypothetical situation was intended to convict David of his sin. She uses David’s own words against him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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14:1 c5gz Now 0 This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells about a new person in the story.
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14:intro abce 0 # 2 Samuel 14 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n## Important figures of speech used in this chapter\n\n### Parable\n\nThe wise woman uses a type of parable to convince David that his actions were wrong. He treated a stranger worse than he treated his own son. This hypothetical situation was intended to convict David of his sin. She uses David’s own words against him. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])
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14:1 zlp2 Zeruiah 0 See how you translated this man’s name in [2 Samuel 2:13](../02/13.md).
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14:1 nt9e perceived 0 This means Joab discerned or understood what David was thinking.
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14:2 g3b4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy sent word to Tekoa and had a wise woman brought 0 This means that Joab sent someone with a message to Tekoa and had him bring back a woman to him. This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “sent someone with a message to Tokoa and had him bring a wise woman back” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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14:2 g3b4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy sent word to Tekoa and had a wise woman brought 0 This means that Joab sent someone with a message to Tekoa and had him bring back a woman to him. Alternate translation: “sent someone with a message to Tokoa and had him bring a wise woman back”
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14:2 t4f8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Tekoa 0 This is the name of a place.
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14:2 rm87 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj the dead 0 This refers to someone who has died, not dead people in general. Alternate translation: “someone who has died”
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14:4 an12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction she lay facedown on the ground 0 She did this to show her respect and submission to the king. Alternate translation: “she showed her respect to the king by laying facedown on the ground”
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14:6 ij2w One struck the other 0 Alternate translation: “One of my sons hit the other son with something”
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14:7 jb47 the whole clan 0 Alternate translation: “my entire family”
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14:7 aq9y your servant 0 To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
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14:7 fj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom put him to death 0 This is an idiom which means to kill. Alternate translation: “kill him”
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14:6 ij2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis One struck the other 0 Alternate translation: “One of my sons hit the other son with something”
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14:7 aq9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness your servant 0 To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
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14:7 hhk3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit they would also destroy the heir 0 If they put the guilty brother to death there would not be a son left to inherit the family’s possessions. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if they did this, they would be destroying our family’s heir”
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14:7 vfb2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Thus they will put out the burning coal that I have left 0 Here the woman refers to her only living son as if he were a burning piece of coal. She speaks of the men killing her son as stopping the coal’s burning. Alternate translation: “In this way they will kill the only child I have left”
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14:7 vk75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives they will leave for my husband neither name nor descendant 0 This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “they will not leave for my husband name or descendant”
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14:7 jl3j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy neither name nor descendant 0 This refers to a son to carry on the family’s name into the next generation. Alternate translation: “no son to preserve our family’s name”
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14:7 xe94 on the surface of the earth 0 “on the earth.” This descriptive phrase emphasizes that the family line would not continue on earth after the husband died. “The surface of the earth” refers to the ground on which people walk.
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14:8 w2wr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive I will command something to be done for you 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will take care of this matter for you”
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14:9 sev7 Tekoa 0 Translate the name of this place the same as you did in [2 Samuel 14:2](../14/02.md).
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14:9 gz85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit may the guilt be on me and on my father’s family 0 This means that if people say that the king was wrong for helping the woman’s family that the king should not be guilty. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “if anyone blames you for helping our family, may my family be considered guilty instead”
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14:9 e186 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy The king and his throne 0 Here the word “throne” refers to anyone who later becomes king in David’s place. Alternate translation: “The king and his descendants” or “The king and his family”
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14:9 uik4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit are guiltless 0 “are innocent.” This implies that in the future if anyone accuses the king of wrongdoing, he will be innocent in the matter. Alternate translation: “will be innocent regarding the matter”
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14:10 fz7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche says anything to you 0 Here speaking threats is spoken of as speaking in general. Alternate translation: “threatens you” or “speaks threats to you”
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14:10 pq9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he will not touch you anymore 0 Here David speaks of a person not threatening or hurting her, by saying that the person would not touch her. It is implied that David will not allow the person threatening her to bother her again. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “I will make sure he does not threaten you again” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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14:11 jfs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Please, may the king call to mind Yahweh your God 0 This could mean: (1) The phrase “call to mind” is an idiom meaning to pray. Alternate translation: “Please, pray to Yahweh your God” or (2) Here “call to mind” means to remember and it is implied that after he remembers Yahweh he will promise in his name. Alternate translation: “Please promise in the name of Yahweh your God” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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14:11 xm1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the avenger of blood 0 This refers to the man who wants to avenge the death of the dead brother. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the man who wants to avenge my son’s brother’s death”
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14:11 ez62 destroy anyone further 0 “cause anyone else to die.” This is in addition to the brother who already died.
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14:11 yv76 that they will not destroy my son 0 Alternate translation: “that they will not kill my son” or “that they will not execute my son”
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14:11 vgi3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile As Yahweh lives 0 Often people would make promises and compare how surely they would fulfil their promise to how surely Yahweh is alive. Alternate translation: “I promise you, as surely as Yahweh lives” or “In Yahweh’s name I promise” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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14:10 pq9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor he will not touch you anymore 0 Here David speaks of a person not threatening or hurting her, by saying that the person would not touch her. It is implied that David will not allow the person threatening her to bother her again. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “I will make sure he does not threaten you again”
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14:11 vgi3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula As Yahweh lives 0 Often people would make promises and compare how surely they would fulfil their promise to how surely Yahweh is alive. Alternate translation: “I promise you, as surely as Yahweh lives” or “In Yahweh’s name I promise”
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14:11 d9l6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole not one hair of your son will fall to the ground 0 The means that her son will not be harmed, which is exaggerated by saying that he will not lose even a single hair. Alternate translation: “your son will be completely safe”
|
||||
14:12 l1s3 your servant 0 To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
|
||||
14:12 hy2e speak a further word to 0 “talk about something else to.” The woman is requesting to speak to the king about another topic.
|
||||
14:12 mw9s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom Speak on 0 This is an idiom. The king was giving her permission to continue speaking. Alternate translation: “You may speak to me”
|
||||
14:12 l1s3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-politeness your servant 0 To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant.”
|
||||
14:13 ia2l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why then have you devised such a thing against the people of God? 0 The woman asks this rhetorical question to rebuke David for how he has treated Absalom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “What you have just said proved that you did wrong.”
|
||||
14:13 t35u the king is like someone who is guilty 0 The woman compares the king to someone who is guilty to suggest that he is guilty without saying it directly. Alternate translation: “the king has declared himself guilty”
|
||||
14:13 f3ci his banished son 0 Alternate translation: “his son whom he banished”
|
||||
14:13 t35u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile the king is like someone who is guilty 0 The woman compares the king to someone who is guilty to suggest that he is guilty without saying it directly. Alternate translation: “the king has declared himself guilty”
|
||||
14:14 ll3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile For we all must die, and we are like water spilled on the ground … up again 0 Here the woman speaks of a person dying as if they were water being spilled on the ground. Alternate translation: “We all must die, and after we die we cannot be brought back to life again”
|
||||
14:14 f5lf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit God … finds a way for those who were driven away to be restored 0 The woman is implying that David should bring his son back to himself. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “God brings back someone whom he has driven away and you should do the same for your son”
|
||||
14:15 hm99 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis because the people have made me afraid 0 The understood information may be supplied. Alternate translation: “because the people have made me afraid that I have come”
|
||||
14:15 nkn7 your servant 0 To show respect for the king the woman refers to herself as “your servant”
|
||||
14:16 x4ut rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy from the hand of the man 0 This phrase is an idiom. Also, “the hand” is a metonym referring to the man’s control. Alternate translation: “out of the control of the man”
|
||||
14:17 pn2s the word of my master the king 0 Alternate translation: “the message of my master the king”
|
||||
14:16 x4ut rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy from the hand of the man 0 The hand refers to the man’s control. Alternate translation: “out of the control of the man”
|
||||
14:17 pn2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the word of my master the king 0 Alternate translation: “the message of my master the king”
|
||||
14:17 nm7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile for as an angel of God, so is my master … from evil 0 Here David, the king, is compared to an “angel of God.” Alternate translation: “for the king is like an angel of God because they both know how to tell good from evil”
|
||||
14:18 u2d4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes Please do not hide from me anything that I will ask you 0 The negative form here is used for emphasis and can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Please tell me the truth about everything I ask you”
|
||||
14:19 p42h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Is not the hand of Joab with you in all this 0 Here the word “hand” refers to Joab’s influence. Alternate translation: “Has not Joab influenced you in all this” or “Did Joab send you here to speak these things”
|
||||
14:19 uz25 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom As you live 0 “As surely as you are alive.” Here the woman compares the certainty of what David has said to the certainty that he is alive, to emphasize how true his statement is.
|
||||
14:19 q69g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor no one can escape to the right hand … the king has spoken 0 Here the woman describes the difficulty of speaking to the king and keeping him from finding out the truth by comparing it to a person not being about to escape in any direction. Alternate translation: “no one can keep you from knowing the truth”
|
||||
14:19 vyl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism to the right hand or to the left 0 The expression gives two extremes and means “anywhere.” Alternate translation: “anywhere at all” or “anywhere”
|
||||
14:20 yvt6 My master is wise 0 Alternate translation: “My master the king is wise”
|
||||
14:20 j2lm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile is wise, like the wisdom of an angel of God 0 The woman compares David’s wisdom to the wisdom of an angel to emphasize how very wise he is. Alternate translation: “you are very wise, like an angel of God”
|
||||
14:21 n8az rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit So the king said to Joab 0 It is implied that the king had Joab brought before him so that he could speak to him. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the king summoned Joab and said to him”
|
||||
14:21 g87y Look now 0 This phrase is used to draw someone’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
|
||||
14:21 r58j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit this thing 0 This refers to what Joab wants the king to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “what you want me to do”
|
||||
14:22 n6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction Joab lay facedown on the ground 0 Joab did this to honor the king and show his gratitude.
|
||||
14:22 qd1b your servant 0 To show respect for the king Joab refers to himself as “your servant.”
|
||||
14:22 f6n4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I have found favor in your eyes 0 The phrase “found favor” is an idiom which means to be approved of by someone. Also, “eyes” is a metonym for sight, and sight represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “you are pleased with me” or “you have approved of me” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
14:22 x4g1 in that the king 0 Alternate translation: “because the king”
|
||||
14:22 gl13 the king has performed the request of his servant 0 Alternate translation: “you have done what I asked you to do”
|
||||
14:22 f6n4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I have found favor in your eyes 0 The word “eyes” represents judgment or evaluation. Alternate translation: “you are pleased with me” or “you have approved of me”
|
||||
14:22 gl13 0 Alternate translation: “you have done what I asked you to do”
|
||||
14:24 i98k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche but he may not see my face … the king’s face 0 Here the word “face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “but he may not see me … the king”
|
||||
14:25 u9cd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background Now 0 This word marks a break in the main story line. This new section gives background information for the part of the story that follows.
|
||||
14:25 fb8b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive there was no one praised for his handsomeness more than Absalom 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people praised Absalom for his handsomeness more than they praised anyone else”
|
||||
14:25 m4bk handsomeness 0 good and pleasing appearance, especially of the face
|
||||
14:25 tiv6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism From the sole of his foot to the top of his head there was no blemish in him 0 This means the whole person was without blemish. Alternate translation: “There were no blemishes on any part of his body”
|
||||
14:26 j4bd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight two hundred shekels 0 This can be written in modern units. Alternate translation: “two and a half kilograms”
|
||||
14:26 a94i the weight of the king’s standard 0 The king had weights that determined the standard weight of the shekel and other weights and measurements.
|
||||
|
|
@ -636,14 +596,14 @@ front:intro bs9v 0 # Introduction to 2 Samuel\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
|
|||
14:28 p8nr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the king’s face 0 Here “the king’s face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king”
|
||||
14:29 nwh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Absalom sent word for Joab 0 Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger to Joab with a request. Alternate translation: “Absalom sent a messenger to Joab asking him”
|
||||
14:29 km4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to send him to the king 0 It is implied that Absalom wanted Joab to come to him to see him and to intercede for him so that he would be allowed to see the king. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “to come to him and to intercede for him so that he could see the king”
|
||||
14:29 f1c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy So Absalom sent word a second time 0 Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
14:29 f1c7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy So Absalom sent word a second time 0 Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request”
|
||||
14:30 g6kt See 0 Here this word is used to remind people of something. Alternate translation: “As you know”
|
||||
14:32 wb3r Look 0 Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
|
||||
14:32 cr53 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I sent word 0 Here “word” is a metonym for “a message.” This means that he sent a messenger. Alternate translation: “I sent a messenger”
|
||||
14:32 ay13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit to the king to say 0 The message here for the king is written as if Absalom were the speaker. Absalom was asking Joab to speak the message on his behalf. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “to say to the king on my behalf” or “to ask the king for me”
|
||||
14:32 ehw7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche the king’s face 0 Here “king’s face” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king”
|
||||
14:33 xix9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction bowed low to the ground before the king 0 Absalom is showing respect to the king. Alternate translation: “bowed low to the ground to honor the king”
|
||||
14:33 lr12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the king kissed Absalom 0 This implies that the king forgave and restored Absalom. The full meaning of this can be made clear. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
|
||||
14:33 lr12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction the king kissed Absalom 0 This implies that the king forgave and restored Absalom. The full meaning of this can be made clear.
|
||||
15:intro abcf 0 # 2 Samuel 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter begins the story of Absalom’s attempted revolt.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Absalom’s conspiracy\nFor four years, Absalom made many allies in an attempt to make himself king. This is why he acted as a judge for the people. Since this was all done in secret, it is called a “conspiracy.” David found out and fled with those in the army who were loyal to him.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphor\n\nThe author used the metaphor of a thief to describe how Absalom was able to win people’s loyalty: “So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
15:1 m44b rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent It came about 0 This phrase is used to introduce the next event in the story line.
|
||||
15:1 a4qh rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction with fifty men to run before him 0 These men would run in front of the chariot to honor Absalom. Alternate translation: “with fifty men to run before him to honor him”
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
155
tn_DEU.tsv
155
tn_DEU.tsv
|
|
@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
5:33 geoj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative תֵּלֵ֑כוּ 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “walk”
|
||||
5:33 sc79 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְמַ֤עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks the benefits of living a good, long life as the goal or purpose of obeying Yahweh. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation: “in such a way that”
|
||||
5:33 gk5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְהַאֲרַכְתֶּ֣ם יָמִ֔ים בָּאָ֖רֶץ 1 The implication is that if the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will **prolong** the **days** when they live **in the land**. Moses is speaking of time as if it were an experience that one could **prolong**. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. See how you translated this concept in [4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “and for many generations you might live in the land" \n\n
|
||||
6:intro q4y8 0 # Deuteronomy 6 General Notes\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-9: The great commandment\n- vv. 6-25: Warnings against disobedience\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s blessings\nYahweh’s continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n\n### The Shema\nVerses 6-9 are known as The Shema in Judaism. They are an important foundation of Judaism. Jesus identifies the Shema as the greatest commandment in [Mark 12:28-29](Mrk/12/28.md).\n\n## Other Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nThere are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### Words for the Law\n- statutes\n- ordinances\n- judgments\nMoses uses different words to refer to the law that Yahweh commanded the Israelites. It is unclear what the differences are between these terms. If your language has different terms for the law, you could use them here to differentiate between the different Hebrew words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])\n\n### Pronouns\n\nMoses is speaking to the Israelites who are alive. The pronoun **you** and **your** are singular here unless otherwise noted. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
|
||||
6:intro q4y8 0 # Deuteronomy 6 General Notes\n\n## Outline\n- vv. 1-9: The great commandment\n- vv. 6-25: Warnings against disobedience\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahweh’s blessings\nYahweh’s continued blessing of the people of Israel is dependent upon the people’s obedience to the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/bless]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])\n\n### The Shema\nVerses 6-9 are known as The Shema in Judaism. They are an important foundation of Judaism. Jesus identifies the Shema as the greatest commandment in [Mark 12:28-29](Mrk/12/28.md).\n\n\n### Writing Yahweh’s Words on One’s Arms, Forehead, and Doorposts\n\n[Verses 8-9](../06/08.md) command the Israelites to always remember Yahweh’s words. There are different understandings of these commands. Some Jewish traditions interpret these verses as meaning that the Israelites should physically write copies of the law. Others believe that the command is to memorize and cherish the law. Translators should be careful to translate the passage as it is, without implying one interpration or the other in their translation.\n\n\n## Other Translation Issues in This Chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nThere are many metaphors in this chapter. These metaphors describe the greatness of the Promised Land the wholehearted worship that is completely dedicated to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])\n\n### Words for the Law\n- statutes\n- ordinances\n- judgments\nMoses uses different words to refer to the law that Yahweh commanded the Israelites. It is unclear what the differences are between these terms. If your language has different terms for the law, you could use them here to differentiate between the different Hebrew words. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])\n\n### Pronouns\n\nMoses is speaking to the Israelites who are alive. The pronoun **you** and **your** are singular here unless otherwise noted. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
|
||||
6:1 it53 הַמִּצְוָ֗ה הַֽחֻקִּים֙ וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֔ים 1 See how you translated these terms for the law in [5:31](../05/31.md).
|
||||
6:1 h4en rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם & אֶתְכֶ֑ם & אַתֶּ֛ם 1 The pronouns **you** and **your** are plural in this verse. Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
|
||||
6:1 kdbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis צִוָּ֛ה 1 Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. The fact that Yahweh commanded Moses is implied by the events which Moses described in the previous chapter. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “has commanded me”
|
||||
|
|
@ -1233,65 +1233,100 @@ front:intro rm3n 0 # Introduction to Deuteronomy\n\n## Part 1: General Introd
|
|||
10:22 fl9x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נֶ֔פֶשׁ 1 Here, **souls** represents a human life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people”
|
||||
10:22 mbn0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast וְעַתָּ֗ה 1 Moses uses the word **now** here to indicate a strong contrast between how many Israelites there were when the Israelites first went to Egypt and how many Israelites there are at the time of this speech. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And now, in contrast”
|
||||
10:22 hh5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב 1 Moses says **like the stars of the heavens in number** here as a generalization for emphasis. He means that Yahweh has blessed the Israelites so they had many children and increased in population. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “almost as numerous as the stars of heaven”
|
||||
11:intro ifg3 0 # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Therefore\n\nThis chapter begins with the word “therefore,” which looks back to the instructions Moses gave in the previous two chapters.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Eyewitnesses\n\nThe instruction that Moses gives and the retelling of the great things Yahweh has done for Israel are very important. This is because the generation entering into the Promised Land did not witness many of these events. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/testimony]])\n\n### Covenant\n\nThis chapter is included in the covenant God made with Moses, even though it is not explicitly said. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
|
||||
11:1 sgh5 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
11:1 e1ef always keep 0 Alternate translation: “always obey”
|
||||
11:2 s2x1 who have not known nor have they seen 0 Alternate translation: “who have not experienced”
|
||||
11:2 vs5p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor his mighty hand, or his outstretched arm 0 Here “mighty hand” and “outstretched arm” are metaphors for Yahweh’s power. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:34](../04/34.md). Alternate translation: “or his mighty power”
|
||||
11:3 b9xu in the midst of Egypt 0 Alternate translation: “in Egypt”
|
||||
11:3 ss4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy to all his land 0 Here “land” represents the people. Alternate translation: “to all his people”
|
||||
11:4 hk2q 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the adult Israelites who were old enough to see what God did in Egypt.
|
||||
11:4 put1 Neither did they see what he did 0 Alternate translation: “Neither did your children see what Yahweh did”
|
||||
11:4 py3h the army of Egypt 0 Alternate translation: “the Egyptian soldiers”
|
||||
11:4 f5e5 they pursued after you 0 Here “you” means the Israelites who were alive about 40 years earlier.
|
||||
11:5 xr7g to this place 0 This means the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan.
|
||||
11:6 c93d 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues to remind the adults to teach their children God’s mighty deeds.
|
||||
11:6 krb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab 0 Moses is referring to an event in the past when Dathan and Abiram rebelled against Moses and Aaron. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit.
|
||||
11:6 i1yg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Dathan … Abiram … Eliab 0 These are names of men.
|
||||
11:6 c61u son of Reuben 0 Alternate translation: “descendant of Reuben”
|
||||
11:6 b3l3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up 0 Yahweh causing the land to split open so that the people fell in is spoken of as if the land had a mouth and the ability to swallow people.
|
||||
11:6 gy9p every living thing that followed them 0 This refers to their servants and animals.
|
||||
11:6 vi6h in the middle of all Israel 0 This means all the people of Israel witnessed what happened to Dathan, Abiram, their families, and their possessions.
|
||||
11:7 z5cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche But your eyes have seen 0 Here “eyes” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “But you have seen”
|
||||
11:8 in5y 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
11:8 b5ga possess the land 0 Alternate translation: “take the land”
|
||||
11:8 z7fm where you are going over to possess it 0 The phrase “are going over” is used because the people of Israel will have to cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan.
|
||||
11:9 h376 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor prolong your days 0 Long days are a metaphor for a long life. See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:26](../04/26.md). Alternate translation: “be able to live a long time”
|
||||
11:9 gfv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom a land flowing with milk and honey 0 This is an idiom. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “a land where plenty of milk and honey flow” or “a land that is excellent for cattle and farming”
|
||||
11:10 nbu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy watered it with your foot 0 This could mean: (1) “foot” is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate translation: “worked hard to water it” or (2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields.
|
||||
11:10 kfl7 garden of herbs 0 Alternate translation: “vegetable garden” or “garden of vegetables”
|
||||
11:11 wn5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification drinks water of the rain of the heavens 0 The land receiving and absorbing a lot of rain is spoken of as if the land were drinking the water. Alternate translation: “the rain from the sky gives it plenty of water”
|
||||
11:12 a1x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the eyes of Yahweh your God are always upon it 0 Here “eyes” represents attention and care. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is always watching over it”
|
||||
11:12 sxh3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism from the beginning of the year to the end of the year 0 Here the two extremes “beginning” and “end” are used together to mean the entire year. Alternate translation: “continuously throughout the entire year”
|
||||
11:13 l1bu It will happen, if 0 This means that what Yahweh promises will happen if the Israelites obey his commands.
|
||||
11:13 r5mf that I command 0 Here “I” refers to Moses.
|
||||
11:13 tfk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with all your heart and with all your soul 0 The idiom “with all your heart” means “completely” and “with … soul” means “with all your being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md). Alternate translation: “with all your being” or “with all your energy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
|
||||
11:14 y9qx I will give the rain of your land in its season 0 Alternate translation: “I will cause it to rain on your land in the proper season”
|
||||
11:14 b1z3 I will give 0 Here “I” refers to Yahweh. This can be stated in the third person. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give” or “He will give”
|
||||
11:14 w91t the former rain and the latter rain 0 This refers to rain at the beginning of the sowing season and rain for maturing the crops for harvest. Alternate translation: “the autumn rain and spring rain” or “the rain in the right seasons”
|
||||
11:16 vz1g 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
11:16 j2pw Pay attention to yourselves 0 Alternate translation: “Be careful” or “Beware”
|
||||
11:16 f3wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy so that your heart is not deceived 0 Here “heart” represents a person’s desires or thoughts. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that your desires do not deceive you” or “so that you do not deceive yourself” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
11:16 a9sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor you turn aside and worship other gods 0 Rejecting Yahweh and worshiping other gods is spoken of as if the person would physically turn and go in a different direction away from Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you start worshiping other gods”
|
||||
11:17 zgj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor so that the anger of Yahweh is not kindled against you 0 God becoming angry is spoken of as if it were a fire that were starting. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that Yahweh does not become angry with you” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
|
||||
11:17 a2a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor so that he does not shut up the heavens so that there will be no rain, and the land will not yield its fruit 0 God causing no rain to fall from the sky is spoken of as if he were closing the sky. Alternate translation: “so that he does not cause the rain to stop falling from the sky so that crops will not grow in the land”
|
||||
11:18 q8ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor lay up these words of mine in your heart and soul 0 A person always thinking about and considering what Moses commands is spoken of as if the heart and soul were a container and Moses’s words were the content to fill the container. Alternate translation: “be very careful to remember these words that I am saying to you”
|
||||
11:18 h8da these words of mine 0 Alternate translation: “these commands that I have given you”
|
||||
11:18 i4pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy your heart and soul 0 Here “heart” and “soul” represent a person’s mind or thoughts.
|
||||
11:18 qb2s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy bind them 0 Alternate translation: “tie these words.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses’s commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
11:18 y3rx as a sign on your hand 0 Alternate translation: “as something to make you remember my laws”
|
||||
11:18 gj3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let them be as frontlets between your eyes 0 Alternate translation: “let my words be as frontlets between your eyes.” This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses’ words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses’ commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md). (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
|
||||
11:18 d4s2 frontlets 0 ornaments a person wears on the forehead
|
||||
11:19 yv8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism when you sit in your house, when you walk on the road, when you lie down, and when you get up 0 Using the different places “in your house” and “on the road,” and the opposites “when you lie down” and “get up,” represent anywhere, anytime. The people of Israel were to discuss God’s commandments and teach them to their children anytime and anywhere.
|
||||
11:20 d44d 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
11:20 f5zw You will write them on the doorposts of your house and on your city gates 0 See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 6:9](../06/09.md).
|
||||
11:21 s3fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive that your days and the days of your children may be multiplied 0 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh may cause you and your children to live a long time”
|
||||
11:21 pi2p to your ancestors 0 This refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
|
||||
11:21 kg7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile to give them for as long as the heavens are above the earth 0 This compares how long the people could stay in the land to how long the sky will exist above the earth. This is a way of saying “forever.” Alternate translation: “to give them as a possession forever” or “to allow them to live there forever”
|
||||
11:22 qq4s 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
|
||||
11:22 q3vs For if you diligently keep all these commandments that I am commanding you, so as to do them 0 Alternate translation: “For if you are careful to do everything that I have commanded you”
|
||||
11:22 bh45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor walk in all his ways 0 How Yahweh wants a person to live and behave is spoken of as if they are Yahweh’s ways or roads. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if he were walking on Yahweh’s ways or roads.
|
||||
11:22 e7rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor to cling to him 0 To have a good relationship with Yahweh and to completely rely on him is spoken of as if the person were clinging to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to rely on him” or “to have a good relationship with him” Look at how similar words are translated in [Deuteronomy 10:20](../10/20.md).
|
||||
11:intro ifg3 0 # Deuteronomy 11 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n### Deuteronomy 11 Outline\n- vv. 1-7: Moses wants the Israelites to obey Yahweh because of his miracles\n- vv. 8-15: Blessings for obedience\n- vv. 16-17: Warnings for disobedience\n- vv. 18-25: The importance of Yahweh’s words\n- vv. 26-32: Instructions on the blessings and curses\n\n## Special Concepts in This Chapter\n\n### Placing Yahweh’s Words on One’s Arms, Forehead, and Doorposts\n[Verses 18-20](../11/18.md) command the Israelites to always remember Yahweh’s words. There are different understandings of these commands. Some Jewish traditions interpret these verses as meaning that the Israelites should physically write copies of the law. Others believe that the command is to memorize and cherish the law. Translators should be careful to translate the passage as it is, without implying one interpration or the other in their translation.\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in This Chapter\n\n### “You”\n\nUnless otherwise noted, all instances of “you” and “your” are plural in this chapter because Moses is speaking to all the Israelites. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.(See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youplural]])
|
||||
11:1 wvr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ & אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֣ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular in this verse. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
|
||||
11:1 e1ef rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ & וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֣ 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And love … and keep”
|
||||
11:1 l1p6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ 1 The implication is that Yahweh wants the Israelites to carry out the obligations that Yahweh has commanded them to do. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the obligations that he gave you”
|
||||
11:1 m9xx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים 1 Here, the phrase **all the days** means forever. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “forever”
|
||||
11:2 babi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וִֽידַעְתֶּם֮ הַיּוֹם֒ כִּ֣י ׀ לֹ֣א אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יָדְעוּ֙ וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־רָא֔וּ אֶת־מוּסַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם אֶת־גָּדְל֕וֹ אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ הַחֲזָקָ֔ה וּזְרֹע֖וֹ הַנְּטוּיָֽה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses so that the relationship between **know** and **discipline** is clearer. Alternate translation: “And know today the discipline of Yahweh your God, which is not to your sons, who have not known and who have not seen it, his greatness, his mighty hand, or his outstretched arm,”
|
||||
11:2 afrd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וִֽידַעְתֶּם֮ 1 Here **know** means “think about.” Moses is speaking of thinking about something as if it were knowing it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall consider”
|
||||
11:2 dp84 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast לֹ֣א 1 Moses uses the word **not** here to indicate a strong contrast between what the Israelites have experienced and what their descendants have experienced. Moses means that the Israelites, and not their descendants, have personally experienced Yahweh’s discipline. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in fact it is not”
|
||||
11:2 zht3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֗ם 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your descendants”
|
||||
11:2 s2x1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹֽא־יָדְעוּ֙ 1 Here **known** means “known about” or “heard of.” Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “have not known about”
|
||||
11:2 b4av rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹא־רָא֔וּ 1 Here, Moses speaks of experiencing something as if it were being *seen**. If this word does not have that meaning in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “have not experienced”
|
||||
11:2 ou0x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ הַחֲזָקָ֔ה וּזְרֹע֖וֹ הַנְּטוּיָֽה 1 The terms **mighty hand** and **outstretched arm** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and his very great power”
|
||||
11:2 sp6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ הַחֲזָקָ֔ה 1 Here the word **hand** represents God’s power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his mighty power”
|
||||
11:2 dqgp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּזְרֹע֖וֹ הַנְּטוּיָֽה 1 Here, **arm** refers to Yahweh’s power. Moses speaks of stretching out an arm was like using power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “or his strength”
|
||||
11:3 kbie rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְאֶת־אֹֽתֹתָיו֙ וְאֶֽת־מַעֲשָׂ֔יו 1 The terms **signs** and **deeds** mean similar things. Moses is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and the great deeds”
|
||||
11:3 fcju rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאֶת־אֹֽתֹתָיו֙ וְאֶֽת־מַעֲשָׂ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּת֣וֹךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם לְפַרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם וּלְכָל־אַרְצֽוֹ 1 This refers to the miracles and plagues that Yahweh did to Egypt while the Israelites were slaves in Egypt. Yahweh used these deeds to show his power over Pharaoh so that he would let the Israelites leave Egypt. See [Exodus 6-14](Exo/06/01.md).
|
||||
11:3 ss4y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche וּלְכָל־אַרְצֽוֹ 1 Here **land** refers to the land that Pharoah ruled over along with everything and everyone in it. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and to all that was in his land”
|
||||
11:4 r4o8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ לְחֵ֨יל מִצְרַ֜יִם לְסוּסָ֣יו וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵצִ֜יף אֶת־מֵ֤י יַם־סוּף֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם בְּרָדְפָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם 1 This refers to the events of [Exodus 14:23-29](Exo/14/23.md). After Yahweh sent the 10th plague that killed all the firstborn sons of Egypt, Pharaoh finally let the Israelites leave Egypt. The Israelites reached the Sea of Reeds, and Yahweh caused the sea to part so they could cross it. Pharoah did not want the Israelites to leave, so he and his soldiers chased the Israelites to capture them. After the Israelites safely crossed the Sea of Reeds, Yahweh caused the waters to drown the Egyptians.
|
||||
11:4 hxcu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ לְחֵ֨יל מִצְרַ֜יִם לְסוּסָ֣יו וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵצִ֜יף אֶת־מֵ֤י יַם־סוּף֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם בְּרָדְפָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the wording of this verse. Alternate translation: “and how he caused the water of the Sea of Reeds to flow over the faces of the army of Egypt, to its horses and to its chariots in their pursuit after you”
|
||||
11:4 k6kn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם 1 Here, **faces** represents people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “them”
|
||||
11:4 er20 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַיְאַבְּדֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The implication is that, after Yahweh destroyed the Egyptians, the Egyptians remained weak until the time of this speech. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh caused their destruction to remain until this day”
|
||||
11:5 fedi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר 1 This refers to all the miracles that Yahweh performed so that the Israelites survived in the wilderness. For example, Yahweh sent water from a rock so they would not be thirsty, and he sent manna from heaven so they would not be hungry. See [Numbers 13-25](Num/13/01.md).
|
||||
11:5 xr7g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה 1 The term **this place** refers to the plain of the Jordan River Valley where Moses is speaking to them before they cross over into Canaan. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “to this valley”
|
||||
11:6 krb7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה לְדָתָ֣ן וְלַאֲבִירָ֗ם בְּנֵ֣י אֱלִיאָב֮ בֶּן־רְאוּבֵן֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּצְתָ֤ה הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ וַתִּבְלָעֵ֥ם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־אָהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַיְקוּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם בְּקֶ֖רֶב כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Moses is referring to the events of [Numbers 16](Num/16/01.md), when Dathan and Abiram joined Korah to rebel against Moses. Yahweh chose Moses to be their leader, so they were also rebelling against Yahweh. As a result, Yahweh \ncaused the ground to open up and caused them and everything they owned to fall in.
|
||||
11:6 sp0k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וַאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה לְדָתָ֣ן וְלַאֲבִירָ֗ם בְּנֵ֣י אֱלִיאָב֮ בֶּן־רְאוּבֵן֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּצְתָ֤ה הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ וַתִּבְלָעֵ֥ם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־אָהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַיְקוּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם בְּקֶ֖רֶב כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses. You could also start a new sentence here, as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “and how Yahweh caused the earth to open its mouth and swallow up Dathan and Abiram, the sons of Eliab son of Reuben, and their houses and their tents and every living thing that was in their steps, in the midst of all Israel”
|
||||
11:6 knk1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names לְדָתָ֣ן & וְלַאֲבִירָ֗ם & אֱלִיאָב֮ 1 The words **Dathan**, **Abiram**, and **Eliab** are names of men. See how you translated their names in [Numbers 16](Num/16/01.md).
|
||||
11:6 a4jx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בֶּן 1 Here, **son** means “descendant.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “descendant of”
|
||||
11:6 b3l3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification פָּצְתָ֤ה הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ וַתִּבְלָעֵ֥ם 1 Here, Moses speaks of **the earth** as if it were a person who had a mouth that can open and swallow. Yahweh caused the earth to open and close. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the earth to open up and close up over them”
|
||||
11:6 l1h6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם 1 Here, **houses** represents the families of Dathan and Abiram. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “households”
|
||||
11:6 qy2a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כָּל־הַיְקוּם֙ 1 The term **living thing** includes people and animals. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “every person or animal”
|
||||
11:6 gy9p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם 1 Here, **in their steps** is an idiom that means “belongs to them.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “belonged to them”
|
||||
11:6 wr83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּקֶ֖רֶב כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here, **midst** represents a person’s presence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “as all Israel watched”
|
||||
11:6 g1zh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here, **Israel** represents all of the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the Israelites”
|
||||
11:7 ghwd rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast כִּ֤י 1 Moses uses the word **But** here to indicate a strong contrast between what the Israelites have experienced and what their descendants have experienced. Moses means that the Israelites, and not their descendants, have personally experienced Yahweh’s discipline. In your translation, indicate this strong contrast in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Whereas”
|
||||
11:7 z5cl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche עֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ 1 Here **eyes** represents the whole person in the act of seeing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you yourselves”
|
||||
11:7 owqy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֶת־כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה הַגָּדֹ֑ל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עָשָֽׂה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the phrasing. Alternate translation: “all the great work that Yahweh did”
|
||||
11:7 pud2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה הַגָּדֹ֑ל 1 The term **great work** refers to all the miracles and other deeds that Yahweh did using his great power. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the wonders of Yahweh”
|
||||
11:8 in5y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And keep”
|
||||
11:8 o97u rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְמַ֣עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks what comes after it as the goal or purpose of what comes before it. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
|
||||
11:8 a2nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys תֶּחֶזְק֗וּ וּבָאתֶם֙ 1 The two words **be strong** and **go in** express a single idea. The word **be strong** tells how they will be able to go in and conquer the land. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this meaning in a different way. Alternate translation: “you may be strong enough to go in”
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11:8 ppnc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וּבָאתֶם֙ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “come” instead of **go**. Alternate translation: “and come in”
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11:8 z7fm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹבְרִ֥ים 1 Moses is using the term **going over** because the Israelites must cross the Jordan River to enter into Canaan. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “are crossing the Jordan”
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11:9 n8nw rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal וּלְמַ֨עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks what comes after it as the goal or purpose of obeying Yahweh. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
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11:9 h376 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor תַּאֲרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ 1 If the Israelites obey Yahweh, they will **prolong** the **days** when they live on the land. Moses is speaking of time as if it were something over which man could exercise control, to prolong it. You could include this information if it would be helpful for your readers. Alternate translation: “you may live for many generations”
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11:9 xc4c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֛ם 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your forefathers”
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11:9 e4cr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וּלְזַרְעָ֑ם 1 Here, **seed** means “offspring.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to their offspring”
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11:9 gfv3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ 1 Here, **a land flowing with milk and honey** is an idiom that means “a very fertile land.” The word **milk** means that much cattle can survive there and produce milk. The word **honey** means that crops grow well there, so bees can produce honey. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated this in [6:3](../06/03.md). Alternate translation: “in a rich and fertile land” or “in a land good for cattle and crops”
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11:10 nbu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְהִשְׁקִ֥יתָ בְרַגְלְךָ֖ 1 The word **foot** refers to hard work. In Egypt, workers would use their feet to turn a water wheel that would water the fields. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and struggled just to water the fields”
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11:10 kfl7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כְּגַ֥ן הַיָּרָֽק 1 Here, **garden of herbs** refers to a vegetable garden. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “vegetable garden”
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11:11 wn5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification לִמְטַ֥ר הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם תִּשְׁתֶּה־מָּֽיִם 1 Here, Moses speaks of the land as if it were a person who could **drink water**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “watered by the rain”
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11:12 a1x8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy תָּמִ֗יד עֵינֵ֨י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨יךָ֙ בָּ֔הּ 1 Here **eyes** represents attention and care. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh your God is always watching over it”
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11:13 l1bu וְהָיָ֗ה אִם 1 Moses is suggesting that this is a hypothetical condition, that Yahweh will only bless the Israelites if they obey his commands. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “text”
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11:13 r5mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish מִצְוֺתַ֔י 1 This does not mean that the commandments originate from Moses. Moses means that he is relaying Yahweh’s commandments to the Israelites. Be sure that this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “Yahweh’s commandments”
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11:13 tfk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶֽם 1 Here, heart and soul could be: (1) terms that both refer to a person’s inner being that are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “with all your inner being” (2) terms that refer to different aspects of a person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “with all your being and with all your person”
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11:14 y9qx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְנָתַתִּ֧י מְטַֽר־אַרְצְכֶ֛ם בְּעִתּ֖וֹ יוֹרֶ֣ה וּמַלְק֑וֹשׁ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will cause **the rain** to fall on the **land** at the proper times for growing crops. The **former rain** is the spring rains and the **latter rain** is the autumn rains. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. “I will cause it to rain on your land in the proper season, spring and fall”
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11:14 b1z3 וְנָתַתִּ֧י 1 Here **I** refers to Yahweh. Moses is telling the Israelites what Yahweh said. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could use the third person pronoun. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will give” or “He will give”
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11:14 nxk0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns מְטַֽר & דְגָנֶ֔ךָ וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֖ וְיִצְהָרֶֽךָ 1 In this verse, the words **rain**, **grain**, **wine**, and **oil** are singular in form, but it refers to all rainfall, crops and produce as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly, as modeled by the UST.
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11:14 lfxa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd וְאָסַפְתָּ֣ דְגָנֶ֔ךָ וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֖ וְיִצְהָרֶֽךָ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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11:14 tiy4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְתִֽירֹשְׁךָ֖ וְיִצְהָרֶֽךָ 1 The implication is that Yahweh will bless the crops of grapes and olives. Wine is made from grapes and oil is made from olives. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “grapes for your new wine and olive trees for your oil”
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11:15 ukl6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְנָתַתִּ֛י 1 Here **I** refers to Yahweh. Moses is telling the Israelites what Yahweh said. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could use the third person pronoun. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh will give” or “And he will give”
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11:15 nrls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd בְּשָׂדְךָ֖ לִבְהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָ וְאָכַלְתָּ֖ וְשָׂבָֽעְתָּ 1 Even though Moses is speaking to all the Israelites, **you** and **your** are singular here. If the singular forms of these pronouns would not be natural in your language, you could use the plural forms in your translation.
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11:15 wrwl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְאָכַלְתָּ֖ וְשָׂבָֽעְתָּ 1 This does not mean that, after eating, the Israelites will be satisfied and never have to eat again. Moses means that the Israelites will always have enough food to eat. Be sure this distinction is clear in your translation. Alternate translation: “and you will always have enough food to eat”
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11:16 vz1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo פֶּ֥ן 1 Moses is using the word **lest** to introduce a hypothetical condition as a warning. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen. Alternate translation: “in case”
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11:16 f3wj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִפְתֶּ֖ה לְבַבְכֶ֑ם 1 Here **heart** represents a person’s desire and will. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you are deceived by your desires”
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11:16 bvcq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns יִפְתֶּ֖ה לְבַבְכֶ֑ם 1 In this verse, the word **heart** is singular in form, but it refers to all the hearts of the Israelites as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “your hearts are deceived”
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11:16 g77o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִפְתֶּ֖ה לְבַבְכֶ֑ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “your heart causes you to disobey”
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11:16 a9sp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְסַרְתֶּ֗ם 1 Here, **turn aside** means to disobey or stop following. Moses is speaking of obedience as if it were walking behind Yahweh. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and disobey”
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11:17 zgj8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְחָרָ֨ה אַף־יְהוָ֜ה בָּכֶ֗ם 1 Moses is speaking as if Yahweh’s anger were a fire that burns and destroys things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh your God will be very angry with you”
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11:17 om98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אַף 1 Here, **nose** represents anger. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a body part from your language that is associated with anger or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the anger of”
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11:17 x9gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וְעָצַ֤ר אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה מָטָ֔ר וְהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה לֹ֥א תִתֵּ֖ן אֶת־יְבוּלָ֑הּ וַאֲבַדְתֶּ֣ם מְהֵרָ֗ה מֵעַל֙ הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטֹּבָ֔ה 1 Moses is describing a chain of events that will happen as the result of disobedience. If there is no rain, then the crops will not grow. If the crops do not grow, then the people will die from starvation. If the connection between these statements is unclear, you may want to use connecting words to show the cause and effect relationships. Alternate translation: “And he will restrain the heavens so there will be no rain, then the land will not give its fruit, then you will perish quickly from off the good land”
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11:17 a2a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְעָצַ֤ר אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה מָטָ֔ר 1 The implication is that Yahweh will keep the rain from falling from the sky. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “And he will not let rain fall”
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11:18-20 wma6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם אֹתָ֤ם לְאוֹת֙ עַל־יֶדְכֶ֔ם וְהָי֥וּ לְטוֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֵיכֶֽם & וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזוּז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ 1 These verses could mean that the law was so important to remember that (1) Moses wanted the Israelites to physically write copies of the law. (2) Moses wanted the Israelites to remember the law, as if the law was written on their hand, between their eyes, their doorposts, and gates. See how you translated this in [6:8-9](../06/08.md).
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11:18 bvp7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative וְשַׂמְתֶּם֙ & וּקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם 1 Moses is using the form **you shall** to give an instruction or command. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. Alternate translation: “And place … and bind”
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11:18 q8ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְשַׂמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־דְּבָרַ֣י אֵ֔לֶּה עַל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וְעַֽל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם 1 Moses is speaking as if **words** were objects and as if a person’s **heart** and **soul** were a container that one could place words into. Moses means that he wants the Israelites to remember and cherish Yahweh’s commands. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall cherish these words of mine in your heart and in your soul”
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11:18 c5kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־דְּבָרַ֣י אֵ֔לֶּה 1 Here, **words** represents Yahweh’s commands which Moses is repeating to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “these commands from Yahweh”
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11:18 i4pl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עַל־לְבַבְכֶ֖ם וְעַֽל־נַפְשְׁכֶ֑ם 1 Here, heart and soul could be: (1) terms that both refer to a person’s inner being that are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “on all your inner being” (2) terms that refer to different aspects of a person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “on all your being and on all your person”
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11:18 gj3r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּקְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם אֹתָ֤ם לְאוֹת֙ עַל־יֶדְכֶ֔ם וְהָי֥וּ לְטוֹטָפֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין עֵינֵיכֶֽם 1 The implication is that Moses wants the Israelites to always have with them a reminder of Yahweh’s laws. The Israelites could write copies of the law small enough to tie around their hand as a sign. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. See how you translated this in [6:8](..06/08.md).
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11:18 d4s2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לְטוֹטָפֹ֖ת 1 A **frontlet** is a type of decorative accessory, often used as a symbol of commitment, worn around the head. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of headwear, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “as a symbolic headband”
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11:18 xfgl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֥ין עֵינֵיכֶֽם 1 Here, the phrase **between your eyes** refers to the forehead. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “above your brow”
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11:19 bkgt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֖ם 1 Here, **sons** means “children.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your offspring”
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11:19 yv8n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ֤ בְּבֵיתֶ֨ךָ֙ וּבְלֶכְתְּךָ֣ בַדֶּ֔רֶךְ 1 Here, Moses is referring to every place an Israelite would go in daily life by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “wherever you are”
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11:19 vrwa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism וּֽבְשָׁכְבְּךָ֖ וּבְקוּמֶֽךָ 1 Here, Moses is referring to all activities of daily life by naming the parts that are at the extreme ends of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and whatever you are doing”
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11:20 f5zw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ 1 Here the word **gates** refer to city gates. In those days, homes did not have gates, so we know that Moses is referring to city gates. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and on the gates of your city”
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11:21 h0nh rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal לְמַ֨עַן 1 Here, **so that** marks what follows as the goal or purpose of [verses 18-20](../11/18.md). Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose.
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11:21 s3fj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יִרְבּ֤וּ יְמֵיכֶם֙ וִימֵ֣י בְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you and your children may live for a long time”
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11:21 xtpr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְנֵיכֶ֔ם 1 Here, **sons** means “descendants.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your offspring”
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11:21 pi2p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶ֖ם 1 Moses is using the term **fathers** to mean “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to your forefathers”
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11:21 kg7q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּימֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ 1 Moses is saying that the lifespan of the Israelites would be equal to the length of time that the **heavens** exist **over the earth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “forever”
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11:22 qq4s כִּי֩ 1 Here, Moses is using **For** to introduce blessings for obedience. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase for introductions. Alternate translation: “Now”
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11:22-23 q3vs rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אִם־שָׁמֹ֨ר תִּשְׁמְר֜וּן אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֣ה הַזֹּ֗את אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָנֹכִ֛י מְצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם לַעֲשֹׂתָ֑הּ לְאַהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֛ם לָלֶ֥כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו וּלְדָבְקָה־בֽוֹ & וְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם גּוֹיִ֔ם גְּדֹלִ֥ים וַעֲצֻמִ֖ים מִכֶּֽם 1 Moses is suggesting that this is a hypothetical condition, that Yahweh will only give the Israelites victory if they obey him. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a situation that could happen, as modeled by the UST.
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11:22 nmys rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication שָׁמֹ֨ר תִּשְׁמְר֜וּן 1 The words **indeed keep** translate verbs that are repeated for emphasis. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to use that construction here in your translation.
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11:22 xgm5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo אָנֹכִ֛י מְצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם לַעֲשֹׂתָ֑הּ 1 The expression **I am commanding you to do them** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “I am commanding you to do”
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11:22 bh45 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָלֶ֥כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו 1 Here, **walk in all his ways** means “obey him.” Moses is speaking of Yahweh if people were physically walking in his footsteps. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to obey him”
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11:22 e7rk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּלְדָבְקָה־בֽוֹ 1 Here Moses is speaking of having a good relationship with Yahweh as if a person were physically clinging to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and with him you shall maintain a good relationship”
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11:23 zr2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy all these nations from before you, and you will dispossess nations 0 Here “nations” represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate translation: “all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups”
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11:23 u315 larger and mightier than yourselves 0 Although Israel’s army is smaller and weaker than the people groups living in Canaan, Yahweh will enable the people of Israel to defeat them.
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11:24 v5q1 0 # General Information:\n\nMoses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
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Reference in New Issue