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@ -342,11 +342,12 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
5:9 eap5 הַ⁠יָּפָ֖ה בַּ⁠נָּשִׁ֑ים 1 See how you translated the phrase **most beautiful among women** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
5:9 sj0b שֶׁ⁠כָּ֖כָה הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽ⁠נוּ 1 Alternate translation: “with the result that thus you adjure us” or “with the result that you request us to promise that we tell him that” or “that would make you want to thus adjure us”
5:9 zp43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽ⁠נוּ 1 See how you translated the word **adjure** in the previous verse.
5:10 xuy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִ֥⁠י צַח֙ וְ⁠אָד֔וֹם 1 The word translated here as **shimmering** means refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing” and here it means that the mans skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the mans healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. Together these two words mean that the mans skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they mean as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloveds skin glows and is a handsome reddish-brown” or “My beloveds skin is radiant and reddish-brown”
5:10 xuy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִ֥⁠י צַח֙ וְ⁠אָד֔וֹם 1 The word translated here as **shimmering** means refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing” and here it means that the mans skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the mans healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. These two words are used together to indicate that the mans skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they indicate when used together as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloveds skin glows and is a handsome reddish brown” or “My beloveds skin is radiant and reddish-brown”
5:10 ie7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive דָּג֖וּל מֵ⁠רְבָבָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state the phrase **able to be distinguished from** in active form, use an adjective such as “distinguishable” or “outstanding,” or express the meaning in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he is distinguishable from ten thousand other men”
5:10 hms2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּג֖וּל מֵ⁠רְבָבָֽה 1 In the Hebrew language **ten thousand** is the highest number that was used when making comparisons so the woman uses this number here to stand for an uncountable number of **other people**. If you have a similar expression in your culture you could use that. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “better than anyone else” or “there is no one else is like him” or “one in a million”
5:11 s23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor His head is the purest gold 0 The mans head is as precious to the woman as the purest gold.
5:11 m1w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile a raven 0 a bird with very black feathers
5:10 hms2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּג֖וּל מֵ⁠רְבָבָֽה 1 In the Hebrew language **ten thousand** is the highest number that was used when making comparisons so the woman uses this number here to stand for an uncountable number of **other people**. If you have a similar expression in your culture you could use that. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “better than anyone else” or “there is no one else like him” or “one in a million”
5:11 s23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֹאשׁ֖⁠וֹ כֶּ֣תֶם פָּ֑ז 1 The woman is speaking of the mans **head** as if it were **gold**. Because she speaks of the appearance of the mans **hairs** in the following line she probably intends to speak of the mans face in this line and express that his face resembles the appearance dazzling beautiful appearance of gold. By adding that the **gold** is **refined gold** the woman is indicating that the **gold** is very special and valuable and so by adding the phrase **refined gold** she is probably indicating that the man is special and has great worth. If it would help your readers you could use a simile to express the meaning or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His head is like gold that is refined” or “His face is beautiful and gleams like gold. He is precious and valuable like refined gold” or “His face gleams. He is precious and valuable”
5:11 mojr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּ⁠עוֹרֵֽב 1 A **raven** is a large bird with dark black feathers. Ravens are as big as some hawks and are similar in color and appearance to crows but are larger. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of bird, you could use the name of a similar bird in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “black like a bird with dark black feathers” or “black like a dark black bird”
5:11 m1w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile קְוּצּוֹתָי⁠ו֙ תַּלְתַּלִּ֔ים שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּ⁠עוֹרֵֽב 1 The point of the comparison **black like the raven** is that the mans hair is dark black like the color of a raven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “his hair is wavy and dark black”\n\n
5:12 m6e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy His eyes are like doves 0 Translate “eyes are like doves” as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). This could mean: (1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the mans eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate translation: “His eyes are gentle like doves” or (2) the woman is speaking of the mans white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove.
5:12 knr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor doves beside streams of water 0 Birds that the Israelites considered gentle sitting beside a gently flowing stream are a metaphor for a gentle person.
5:12 xp2d streams of water 0 Alternate translation: “gently flowing water”

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
342 5:9 eap5 הַ⁠יָּפָ֖ה בַּ⁠נָּשִׁ֑ים 1 See how you translated the phrase **most beautiful among women** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
343 5:9 sj0b שֶׁ⁠כָּ֖כָה הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽ⁠נוּ 1 Alternate translation: “with the result that thus you adjure us” or “with the result that you request us to promise that we tell him that” or “that would make you want to thus adjure us”
344 5:9 zp43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽ⁠נוּ 1 See how you translated the word **adjure** in the previous verse.
345 5:10 xuy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִ֥⁠י צַח֙ וְ⁠אָד֔וֹם 1 The word translated here as **shimmering** means refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing” and here it means that the man’s skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the man’s healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. Together these two words mean that the man’s skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they mean as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloved’s skin glows and is a handsome reddish-brown” or “My beloved’s skin is radiant and reddish-brown” The word translated here as **shimmering** means refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing” and here it means that the man’s skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the man’s healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. These two words are used together to indicate that the man’s skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they indicate when used together as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloved’s skin glows and is a handsome reddish brown” or “My beloved’s skin is radiant and reddish-brown”
346 5:10 ie7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive דָּג֖וּל מֵ⁠רְבָבָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state the phrase **able to be distinguished from** in active form, use an adjective such as “distinguishable” or “outstanding,” or express the meaning in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he is distinguishable from ten thousand other men”
347 5:10 hms2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּג֖וּל מֵ⁠רְבָבָֽה 1 In the Hebrew language **ten thousand** is the highest number that was used when making comparisons so the woman uses this number here to stand for an uncountable number of **other people**. If you have a similar expression in your culture you could use that. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “better than anyone else” or “there is no one else is like him” or “one in a million” In the Hebrew language **ten thousand** is the highest number that was used when making comparisons so the woman uses this number here to stand for an uncountable number of **other people**. If you have a similar expression in your culture you could use that. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “better than anyone else” or “there is no one else like him” or “one in a million”
348 5:11 s23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor His head is the purest gold רֹאשׁ֖⁠וֹ כֶּ֣תֶם פָּ֑ז 0 1 The man’s head is as precious to the woman as the purest gold. The woman is speaking of the man’s **head** as if it were **gold**. Because she speaks of the appearance of the man’s **hairs** in the following line she probably intends to speak of the man’s face in this line and express that his face resembles the appearance dazzling beautiful appearance of gold. By adding that the **gold** is **refined gold** the woman is indicating that the **gold** is very special and valuable and so by adding the phrase **refined gold** she is probably indicating that the man is special and has great worth. If it would help your readers you could use a simile to express the meaning or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His head is like gold that is refined” or “His face is beautiful and gleams like gold. He is precious and valuable like refined gold” or “His face gleams. He is precious and valuable”
349 5:11 m1w4 mojr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown a raven שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּ⁠עוֹרֵֽב 0 1 a bird with very black feathers A **raven** is a large bird with dark black feathers. Ravens are as big as some hawks and are similar in color and appearance to crows but are larger. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of bird, you could use the name of a similar bird in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “black like a bird with dark black feathers” or “black like a dark black bird”
350 5:11 m1w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile קְוּצּוֹתָי⁠ו֙ תַּלְתַּלִּ֔ים שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּ⁠עוֹרֵֽב 1 The point of the comparison **black like the raven** is that the man’s hair is dark black like the color of a raven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “his hair is wavy and dark black”\n\n
351 5:12 m6e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy His eyes are like doves 0 Translate “eyes are like doves” as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). This could mean: (1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the man’s eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate translation: “His eyes are gentle like doves” or (2) the woman is speaking of the man’s white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove.
352 5:12 knr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor doves beside streams of water 0 Birds that the Israelites considered gentle sitting beside a gently flowing stream are a metaphor for a gentle person.
353 5:12 xp2d streams of water 0 Alternate translation: “gently flowing water”