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Proof reading edits for Song of Songs TN’s 3:1-6:9 (#3494)
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3494
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@ -181,26 +181,25 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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2:17 d8mw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לִצְבִ֗י 1 See how you translated the plural form “gazelles” in [2:7](../02/07.md) and translate this word as the singular form of “gazelles.”
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2:17 iwlq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate הָ֥רֵי בָֽתֶר 1 The word **Bether** is a transliteration of a Hebrew word which refers to a cleft place with gorges and could: (1) refer to a specific place in Israel. If you choose this option then in your translation you can spell it the way it sounds in your language as modeled by the ULT. (2) be used generically here as a general description for **the mountains**. Alternate translation: “the cleft mountains” or “the rugged mountains” or “the mountain gorges”
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3:intro t72h 0 # Song of Songs 3 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Longing\n\n[3:1-3](../03/01.md) describes the feeling of longing that the woman had for the man she loved and it describes her diligently seeking the man loved. [3:4](../03/04.md) describes the woman finding the man that she loved and her response to finding him, holding onto him and bringing him to her mother’s house. \n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n\n### Whether [3:1-4](../03/01.md) describe a dream, a real event or something imagined\n\nBible scholars do not know for certain whether the events described in [3:1-4](../03/01.md) are a real event or something that the woman dreamed in a dream or something that the woman imagined. Many Bible scholars think that [3:1-4](../03/01.md) describe a dream. If you are using footnotes you may wish to explain this in a footnote or you could indicate in a section header whether you think this is a dream, a real event or something that the woman imagined. You could also use a general section header such as “The woman searches for the man she loves at night and finds him” which does not comment on whether this was a dream, a real event or something imagined.
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3:1 gagz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo עַל־ מִשְׁכָּבִי֙ בַּלֵּיל֔וֹת 1 Because Bible scholars do not know if the events described in [3:1-4](../03/01.md) describe real events, things that happened in a dream or things the woman imagined, you should not expand on or explain the phrase **On my bed in the night** in the actual text of your translation (by adding a phrase like “I dreamed I was” or “I imagined I was”) though you may wish to use a header or a footnote. See the section “Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter” in the Introduction to this chapter for more information.
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3:1 gagz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo עַל־ מִשְׁכָּבִי֙ בַּלֵּיל֔וֹת 1 Because Bible scholars do not know if the events described in [3:1-4](../03/01.md) describe real events or things that happened in a dream or things the woman imagined, you should not expand on or explain the phrase **On my bed in the night** in the actual text of your translation (by adding a phrase like “I dreamed I was” or “I imagined I was”) though you may wish to use a header or a footnote. See the section “Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter” in the Introduction to this chapter for more information.
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3:1 eds0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-plural בַּלֵּיל֔וֹת 1 In the original language the phrase **in the night** uses a plural form of **night** and could mean: (1) that the woman sought the man during the night. Alternate translation: “during the night” (2) that the woman sought the man throughout the night. Alternate translation: “throughout the night” or “all night long” (3) that the woman sought the man on many nights. Alternate translation: “night after night” or “night upon night”
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3:1 ks2u rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry בִּקַּ֕שְׁתִּי אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י בִּקַּשְׁתִּ֖יו 1 The phrase **I sought him** is repeated for emphasis. Hebrew poetry often uses repetition for emphasis. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to show the emphasis here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “I desperately sought him whom my soul loves” or “I earnestly sought him whom my soul loves”
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3:1 hu3u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “you whom my soul loves” in [1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: “him whom I love”
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3:2 zqaa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָק֨וּמָה נָּ֜א 1 The woman is thinking or saying this to herself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by beginning this section with an introductory phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “I thought to myself, “I will get up now …’”
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3:2 zqaa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אָק֨וּמָה נָּ֜א 1 The woman is thinking or saying this to herself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by beginning this section with an introductory phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “I thought to myself, “I will get up now”
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3:2 uyu7 וַאֲסוֹבְבָ֣ה בָעִ֗יר 1 Alternate translation: “and walk through the city”
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3:2 x9ki rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וּבָ֣רְחֹב֔וֹת 1 The word **squares** refers to spacious open places where people gathered to sell things and conduct other business matters and handle legal matters. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of place, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “and in the open plazas” or “and in the wide open places”
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3:2 afu9 אֲבַקְשָׁ֕ה…בִּקַּשְׁתִּ֖יו 1 Alternate translation: “I will look for … I looked for him”
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3:2 tqsh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “you whom my soul loves” in [1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: “him whom I love”
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3:3 rdd5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַשֹּׁ֣מְרִ֔ים 1 Here, the word **guards** refers to men who had the job of walking about the city during the night for the purpose of keeping the people safe. If your readers would not be familiar with this term you could use the name of a similar role in your area or you could use a more general term as modeled by the UST.
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3:3 ha13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵ֛ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י רְאִיתֶֽם 1 The woman is asking the **guards** a question. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by introducing this question with words that indicate that this is a question as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “I said to them, “Have you seen him whom my soul loves’”
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3:3 ha13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵ֛ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י רְאִיתֶֽם 1 The woman is asking the **guards** a question. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by introducing this question with words that indicate that this is a question. Alternate translation: “I said to them, “Have you seen him whom my soul loves’”
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3:3 pab8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֵ֛ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “you whom my soul loves” in [1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: “him whom I love”
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3:3 j24q אֵ֛ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֥ה נַפְשִׁ֖י רְאִיתֶֽם 1 Alternate translation: “Do you know where the man who I love is?”
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3:4 x68x כִּמְעַט֙ 1 Alternate translation: “Scarcely”
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3:4 frj6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “you whom my soul loves” in [1:7](../01/07.md). Alternate translation: “him whom I love”
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3:4 zhgq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ 1 Your language may say “taken” rather than **brought** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “I had taken him”
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3:4 xfcj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ אֶל־ בֵּ֣ית אִמִּ֔י וְאֶל־ חֶ֖דֶר הוֹרָתִֽי 1 These two phrases are parallel. The second phrase adds additional information to the first one. This is common in Hebrew poetry and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word such as “then” in order to show that the second phrase is adding additional information. Alternate translation: “I had brought him to the house of my mother\nand then to the room of the woman who had conceived me”
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3:4 xfcj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ אֶל־ בֵּ֣ית אִמִּ֔י וְאֶל־ חֶ֖דֶר הוֹרָתִֽי 1 These two phrases are parallel. The second phrase adds additional information to the first one. This is common in Hebrew poetry and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word such as “then” in order to show that the second phrase is adding additional information. Alternate translation: “I had brought him to the house of my mother and then to the room of the woman who had conceived me”
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3:5 a3y1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֜ם בְּנ֤וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ בִּצְבָא֔וֹת א֖וֹ בְּאַיְל֣וֹת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה אִם־תָּעִ֧ירוּ ׀ וְֽאִם־תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ אֶת־הָאַהֲבָ֖ה עַ֥ד שֶׁתֶּחְפָּֽץ 1 This verse is identical to [Song of Songs 2:7](../02/07.md). Translate this verse exactly as you translated that verse. This verse is a refrain (a repeated phrase). Refrains are a common feature of poetry. This refrain closes section 2:8-3:5.
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3:5 t61g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe 0 “young women of Jerusalem.” These young women could not hear her and were not present, but the woman speaks as if they were present and could hear her.
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3:6 c84r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר כְּתִֽימֲר֖וֹת עָשָׁ֑ן מְקֻטֶּ֤רֶת מוֹר֙ וּלְבוֹנָ֔ה מִכֹּ֖ל אַבְקַ֥ת רוֹכֵֽל 1 Here, the phrase **Who is that** could: (1) be rhetorical question that is used to create a sense of expectation and interest. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST. (2) be a request for information. Alternate translation: “Who is it that I see arising from the wilderness like columns of smoke, fragrant smoke of myrrh and frankincense from all the powders of the merchant? ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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3:6 c84r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר כְּתִֽימֲר֖וֹת עָשָׁ֑ן מְקֻטֶּ֤רֶת מוֹר֙ וּלְבוֹנָ֔ה מִכֹּ֖ל אַבְקַ֥ת רוֹכֵֽל 1 Here, the phrase **Who is that** could: (1) be rhetorical question that is used to create a sense of expectation and interest. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST. (2) be a request for information. Alternate translation: “Who is it that I see arising from the wilderness like columns of smoke, fragrant smoke of myrrh and frankincense from all the powders of the merchant?”
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3:6 y8wr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹלָה֙ 1 The word **arising** is used by the author because the group of people described is traveling **from the wilderness** to Jerusalem. They must travel upward in elevation in order to reach Jerusalem because **the wilderness** is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is built on hills and is therefore high. Use a word or phrase that expresses moving upward in elevation. Alternate translation: “moving upward”
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3:6 si0q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר 1 The word translated as **that** here could refer to: (1) Solomon’s “litter,” which is named in the following verse. Alternate translation: “is that group of people that is arising from the wilderness” (2) the woman. Alternate translation: “is this woman that is arising from the wilderness”
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3:6 y4z0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּתִֽימֲר֖וֹת עָשָׁ֑ן מְקֻטֶּ֤רֶת מוֹר֙ וּלְבוֹנָ֔ה 1 The word **like** is introducing a comparison. Here, the phrase **a column of smoke** is most likely describing a dust cloud created by a group of people traveling in a dry and dusty area. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate the basis of comparison. Alternate translation: “creating a dust cloud that resembles a column of smoke, which resembles the fragrant smoke of myrrh and frankincense”
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@ -208,17 +207,16 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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3:6 vbjm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מְקֻטֶּ֤רֶת 1 The author is leaving out a word that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply this word from the context. Alternate translation: “like fragrant smoke of”
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3:6 w7kr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מוֹר֙ 1 **myrrh** is a pleasant smelling ointment which is made from resin taken from the myrrh tree. If your readers would not be familiar **myrrh** you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternately, you could describe **myrrh** with a descriptive phrase and/or you could include a footnote explaining what myrrh is. Alternate translation: “the sweet smelling incense made from the resin of a myrrh tree”
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3:6 i42j rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases מִכֹּ֖ל אַבְקַ֥ת רוֹכֵֽל 1 The word translated as **from all** could: (1) be introducing **the powders of the merchant** as additional information about **myrrh and frankincense**. Alternate translation: “which are among the powders of the merchant” (2) indicate that **the powders of the merchant** are being introduced as additional things **the merchant** sells. Alternate translation: “and other powders of the merchants”
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3:6 e1ly 0 # General Information:\n\nThe third part of the book begins here. It begins with a description of sixty men carrying Solomon’s bed up from the wilderness to Jerusalem.
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3:7 ldh8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation הִנֵּ֗ה 1 **Behold** is an exclamation that is being used to draw people’s attention to what was “arising from the wilderness”. Use an exclamation that would express that meaning in your language as modeled by the UST.
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3:7 sa19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מִטָּתוֹ֙ 1 A **litter** was a portable bed or couch that important people were carried on from place to place. It was carried by wooden poles that were attached to it. This **litter** probably had a canopy on top of it that functioned as a roof and curtains around it that could be opened and closed. If your readers would be unfamiliar with this term you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a descriptive phrase as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “portable couch”
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3:7 ui2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִטָּתוֹ֙ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 The phrase **his litter, which belongs to Solomon** could mean: (1) that the woman was riding on the **litter** which belonged to **Solomon** and which he had sent for her. The UST models this interpretation. (2) that **Solomon** himself was riding in the **litter**. Alternate translation: “Solomon riding in his royal portable chair”
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3:8 v2yx מְלֻמְּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה 1 Alternate translation: “all of them have been trained in warfare” or “all of them have been trained to use their swords”
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3:8 cttn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֤ישׁ חַרְבּוֹ֙ עַל־יְרֵכ֔וֹ מִפַּ֖חַד בַּלֵּילּֽוֹת׃ 1 The phrase **Each one has his sword at his thigh** means that each warrior has his **sword** strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use to defend **against the terrors in the nights**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each warrior has his sword strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use against the terrors in the nights” or “Each warrior has his sword ready to use to defend\nagainst the terrors in the nights”
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3:8 cttn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֤ישׁ חַרְבּוֹ֙ עַל־יְרֵכ֔וֹ מִפַּ֖חַד בַּלֵּילּֽוֹת׃ 1 The phrase **Each one has his sword at his thigh** means that each warrior has his **sword** strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use to defend **against the terrors in the nights**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each warrior has his sword strapped to his thigh so that it is ready to use against the terrors in the nights” or “Each warrior has his sword ready to use to defend against the terrors in the nights”
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3:8 z214 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מִפַּ֖חַד בַּלֵּילּֽוֹת 1 The phrase **against the terrors in the nights** means “ready to defend against the terrifying things that could happen on any given night.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “ready to guard against dangers that happen during the night” or “ready to defend against the dangers of the night.”
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3:9-10 tq2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה לוֹ֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵעֲצֵ֖י הַלְּבָנֽוֹן … עַמּוּדָיו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף רְפִידָת֣וֹ זָהָ֔ב מֶרְכָּב֖וֹ אַרְגָּמָ֑ן תּוֹכוֹ֙ רָצ֣וּף אַהֲבָ֔ה מִבְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם\n\n 1 These two verses give background information. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
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3:9-10 tq2c rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה לוֹ֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵעֲצֵ֖י הַלְּבָנֽוֹן & עַמּוּדָיו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף רְפִידָת֣וֹ זָהָ֔ב מֶרְכָּב֖וֹ אַרְגָּמָ֑ן תּוֹכוֹ֙ רָצ֣וּף אַהֲבָ֔ה מִבְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם\n\n 1 These two verses give background information. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
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3:9-10 iko4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַפִּרְי֗וֹן עָ֤שָׂה לוֹ֙ … עַמּוּדָיו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף 1 These phrases mean that Solomon had people make **a palanquin** for him. It does not mean that he made the **palanquin** himself. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “He had craftsmen make him a palanquin…He had craftsmen make its post with silver” or “He had a palanquin made for him…He had its posts made with silver”
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3:9 nnm6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אַפִּרְי֗וֹן 1 Here, the term **palanquin** refers to the same object that the term “litter” referred to in [3:7](../03/07.md). The term **litter** is a general term meaning “couch” or “bed” and the term **palanquin** is a more descriptive word meaning “sedan chair.” You could translate the term **palanquin** the same way you translated “litter” in [3:7](../03/07.md) or you could use a different word or phrase here. Alternate translation: “portable couch” or “sedan chair”
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3:9 hlf4 הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵעֲצֵ֖י הַלְּבָנֽוֹן 1 Alternate translation: “King Solomon\nhad it made from the trees in Lebanon”
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3:9 hlf4 הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מֵעֲצֵ֖י הַלְּבָנֽוֹן 1 Alternate translation: “King Solomon had it made from the trees in Lebanon”
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3:10 xnj4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַמּוּדָיו֙ עָ֣שָׂה כֶ֔סֶף 1 The **posts** were made of wood and overlaid with **silver**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “He made its posts of wood that was overlaid with silver” or “He made its posts of wood covered in silver”
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3:10 q4nz רְפִידָת֣וֹ זָהָ֔ב 1 The phrase **its back gold** could mean: (1) that the base or foundation of the “palanquin” was covered in **gold**. Alternate translation: “its foundation of gold” or “its base of gold” (2) the back of the chair was covered in **gold**. Alternate translation: “its back made from gold”
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3:10 akoo מֶרְכָּב֖וֹ אַרְגָּמָ֑ן 1 Alternate translation: “and covered the cushion with purple cloth”
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@ -229,14 +227,13 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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3:11 zwp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go צְאֶ֧ינָה 1 Your language may say “Come out” rather than **Go out** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “Come out”
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3:11 i961 בְּנ֥וֹת צִיּ֖וֹן 1 The possessive form is used here to describe where the young women live. The phrase **daughters of Zion** is a poetic way of referring to the young women who were from the city of Jerusalem (These are probably the same women as the “marriageable women” in [1:3](../01/03.md) and the women referred to as “daughters of Jerusalem” in [2:7](../02/07.md) and [3:5](../03/05.md)). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could indicate the association between these young women and **Zion** in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “young women from Zion” or “young women from the city of Zion” or “you young women who live in Zion”
|
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3:11 sfn3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism בְּי֣וֹם חֲתֻנָּת֔וֹ וּבְי֖וֹם שִׂמְחַ֥ת לִבּֽוֹ 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the clauses with a word that shows that the second clause is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “on the day of his wedding, yes, on the day of the joy of his heart”
|
||||
3:11 zhva rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּבְי֖וֹם שִׂמְחַ֥ת לִבּֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **joy**, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “joyful” or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on the day his heart was exceedingly joyful” or “on the day when his heart was very joyful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
|
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3:11 zhva rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּבְי֖וֹם שִׂמְחַ֥ת לִבּֽוֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **joy**, you could express the same idea with an adjective such as “joyful” or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “on the day his heart was exceedingly joyful” or “on the day when his heart was very joyful”
|
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3:11 ei7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּבְי֖וֹם שִׂמְחַ֥ת לִבּֽוֹ 1 Solomon’s inner being is being described by association with his **heart**, which the Jews viewed as being the center of a persons being and therefore the center of their mind and inner feelings. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language as modeled by the UST.
|
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3:11 sj76 gaze on King Solomon “look at King Solomon.” The word “gaze” refers to look at someone or something for a long time, usually with strong emotional feeling.
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4:intro r3aw 0 # Song of Songs 4 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Beauty\n\nThe man describes the woman he loves as the epitome of beauty and attractiveness in [4:1-4:5](../04/01.md) and in [4:7](../04/07.md). \n\n\n### Feelings of longing to be with one’s lover who seems distant and temporarily inaccessible\n\nIn [4:8](../04/08.md) the man speaks of the woman he loves as if she were far away from him and he invites her to “come with” him and “descend from” the height of three high places and be with him. The woman is not actually dwelling in these places but rather the man is using imaginative and poetic language to describe how he feels about being separated from her and to describe his desire to be with her. In [4:12](../04/12.md) the man uses poetic language to describe the fact that the woman he loves is temporarily inaccessible.\n\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\n\n### The Garden Metaphor \n\n[4:12-5:1](../04/12.md) is an extended metaphor. This metaphor is a conversation between the man and the woman he loves in which the man first compares the woman he loves to “a locked garden” (in [4:12-4:15](../04/12.md)) where many delightful things grow and then the woman responds by inviting the man to come to her garden (in [4:16](../04/16.md)). The man then responds to her invitation in [5:1](../05/1.md). The term **garden** is used as a metaphor for the woman in [4:12](../04/12.md), in [4:16](../04/16.md) (two times), and in [5:1](../05/01.md). You should be consistent in how you translate these terms. In [4:13](../04/13.md) the man speaks of the woman’s body as “an orchard of pomegranate trees with delicious fruits” and then in [4:16](../04/16.md) the woman invites the man to **come to his garden and eat its delicious fruit**. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor]])\n\n### The “sister” metaphor\n\nThe phrase **my sister** is used in 4:9; 4:10, 4:12, 5:1, and 5:2. The man uses this phrase as a term of endearment for the woman he loves. The woman is not actually his sister. You should translate this phrase the same way each of the five times it occurs in this book because the author uses it with the same meaning every time. See the note at the first occurrence of this phrase in 4:9 for more information regarding this phrase.\n\n
|
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4:1 rg3f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism הִנָּ֨ךְ יָפָ֤ה רַעְיָתִי֙ הִנָּ֣ךְ יָפָ֔ה 1 See how you translated these two parallel phrases in [1:15](../01/15.md).
|
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4:1 m3g6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֵינַ֣יִךְ יוֹנִ֔ים מִבַּ֖עַד לְצַמָּתֵ֑ךְ 1 See how you translated the phrase **Your eyes are doves** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
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4:1 pnn4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שַׂעְרֵךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽעִזִּ֔ים שֶׁגָּלְשׁ֖וּ מֵהַ֥ר גִּלְעָֽד 1 Both the color and the motion of the woman’s **hair** is being compared to **a flock of goats that hop down from the slopes of Gilead**. Goats in Israel were black so the original readers would have understood this comparison to mean that the woman’s hair was black. Seen from a distance, a flock of black goats descending down from the high elevation of **Mount Gilead** would have created a majestic visual effect because the goats would have looked like one long flowing mass of black. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state explicitly these two points of comparison. Alternate translation: “Your black hair moves in graceful waves like a flock of black goats moving down the slopes of Mount Gilead” or “Your long black hair flows in graceful waves like a flock of black goats coming down the slopes of Mount Gilead”
|
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4:2 bdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׁנַּ֨יִךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הַקְּצוּב֔וֹת שֶׁעָל֖וּ מִן־ הָרַחְצָ֑ה 1 The color (whiteness) of the woman’s teeth is being compared to the color (whiteness) of sheep after they have had their wool cut off and then washed in the water of a stream. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state explicitly these two points of comparison as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
4:2 bdg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׁנַּ֨יִךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הַקְּצוּב֔וֹת שֶׁעָל֖וּ מִן־ הָרַחְצָ֑ה 1 The color (white) of the woman’s teeth is being compared to the color (white) of sheep after they have had their wool cut off and then washed in the water of a stream. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state explicitly these two points of comparison as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
4:2 cj59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הַקְּצוּב֔וֹת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, it is implied that “shepherds” did it. Alternate translation: “sheep whose wool shepherds have cut off” or “sheep whose wool people have cut off”
|
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4:2 cqgq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַתְאִימ֔וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “give birth to twins”
|
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4:2 jw1w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שֶׁכֻּלָּם֙ מַתְאִימ֔וֹת וְשַׁכֻּלָ֖ה אֵ֥ין בָּהֶֽם 1 Here the woman’s teeth are being compared to a flock of female sheep which all have birthed twin lambs. The author is saying that in a similar way to how twin lambs have a matching sibling that resembles it so each of the woman’s teeth has a matching tooth on the other side of her mouth. She has not lost any of her teeth. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. If it would help your readers you could also start a new sentence as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “As a flock of female sheep that has born twin lambs without losing any, so your mouth has its teeth, each with a match, and none of them are missing”
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@ -245,14 +242,14 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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4:3 x68e כְּפֶ֤לַח הָֽרִמּוֹן֙ רַקָּתֵ֔ךְ 1 The term translated as **cheeks** could refer to: (1) the **woman’s two cheeks** on the side of her mouth as rendered by the ULT. (2) the woman’s two temples on the side of her forehead. Alternate translation: “Like a slice of pomegranate are your temples” (3) the woman’s forehead. Alternate translation: “Like a slice of pomegranate is your forehead”
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4:3 j2a3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּפֶ֤לַח הָֽרִמּוֹן֙ רַקָּתֵ֔ךְ 1 This comparison could be comparing: (1) the shape of the woman’s **cheeks** to the shape of a **pomegranate** which has been sliced in half and to the outside color of a **pomegranate** (which is the color red). Alternate translation: “Your cheeks are red and rounded like a slice of pomegranate” or “Your cheeks resemble the color and shape of a slice of pomegranate” (or if you decided that the term **cheek** refers to the woman’s temples “Your temples are red like a slice of pomegranate”) (2) the way the woman’s cheeks looked through the inside of the veil to the color and pattern of the inside of a pomegranate which has been sliced in half. Alternate translation: “Your cheeks resemble the color and pattern of the inside of a slice of pomegranate” (or if you decided that the term **cheeks** refers to the woman’s temples “Your temples are the color of the inside of a slice of pomegranate”)
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4:3 y47i מִבַּ֖עַד לְצַמָּתֵֽךְ 1 See how you translated the phrase **from behind your veil** in [4:1](../04/01.md).
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4:4 i3qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּמִגְדַּ֤ל דָּוִיד֙ צַוָּארֵ֔ךְ בָּנ֖וּי לְתַלְפִּיּ֑וֹת 1 The woman’s **neck** is being compared to **the tower of David** which was a tall fortress **built of layers** or rows. A long neck was considered beautiful in the authors culture. King David built some of his towers of beautiful white marble rock. It is probable that this tower was made from white marble rock since this tower is being used here in comparison with the beauty of the woman’s neck. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David” or “Your neck is beautiful like the tower of David”
|
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4:4 i3qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּמִגְדַּ֤ל דָּוִיד֙ צַוָּארֵ֔ךְ בָּנ֖וּי לְתַלְפִּיּ֑וֹת 1 The woman’s **neck** is being compared to **the tower of David** which was a tall fortress **built of layers** or rows. A long neck was considered beautiful in the author’s culture. King David built some of his towers of beautiful white marble rock. It is probable that this tower was made from white marble rock since this tower is compared to the beauty of the woman’s neck. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “Your neck is long and beautiful like the tower of David” or “Your neck is beautiful like the tower of David”
|
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4:4 gvns rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כְּמִגְדַּ֤ל דָּוִיד֙ 1 The **tower of David** was a tall building that was built for defense. Towers were significantly taller than other buildings and often built more narrow so that they were not wide. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of structure, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “Like the tall, narrow defense structure of David is” or “Like David’s tall thin rock defense building is”
|
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4:4 v4ae rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive בָּנ֖וּי לְתַלְפִּיּ֑וֹת 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context implies that David instructed men to build it. Alternate translation: “that men built in layers” or “which David instructed men to build of layers” or “that David had men build of layers”
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4:4 vwef בָּנ֖וּי לְתַלְפִּיּ֑וֹת 1 Alternate translation: “built using rows of stones”
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4:4 c4nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אֶ֤לֶף הַמָּגֵן֙ תָּל֣וּי עָלָ֔יו כֹּ֖ל שִׁלְטֵ֥י הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים 1 In the authors culture it was a common practice to hang **shields** on walls as decorations. Here, the man compares the beauty of the woman’s neck with shields hanging on the tower. This comparison probably included the decorations of the woman’s necklaces which probably went around her neck many times. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “The beauty of your neck jeweled in necklaces is like a thousand warriors shields hanging from a tower”
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4:4 byh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֶ֤לֶף 1 In the authors culture the number **a thousand** was often used to represent a very large, but not precise, amount. This is how the number is being used here. Alternate translation: “many” or “with many”
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4:4 c4nk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אֶ֤לֶף הַמָּגֵן֙ תָּל֣וּי עָלָ֔יו כֹּ֖ל שִׁלְטֵ֥י הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים 1 In the authors culture it was a common practice to hang **shields** on walls as decorations. Here, the man compares the beauty of the woman’s neck with **shields** hanging on **the tower of David**. This comparison probably included the decorations of the woman’s necklaces which probably went around her neck many times. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “The beauty of your neck jeweled in necklaces is like a thousand warriors shields hanging from a tower”
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4:4 byh2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers אֶ֤לֶף 1 In the authors culture the number **a thousand** was often used to represent a very large, but not precise, amount. This is how the number is being used here. Alternate translation: “with many”
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4:4 swd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אֶ֤לֶף הַמָּגֵן֙ תָּל֣וּי עָלָ֔יו כֹּ֖ל שִׁלְטֵ֥י הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים 1 The phrase **all the shields of the warriors** is parallel to the statement **a thousand shields hanging on it** and adds the additional information that the **shields** belonged to **warriors**. Hebrew poetry often used this kind of parallel statement, in which the second line gives additional information, so it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect these two parallel phrases with “each of which” or “each one” in order to show that the second phrase is not repeating the first one, but rather is saying something additional. Alternate translation: “a thousand shields hanging on it, each of which belongs to the warriors” or “a thousand shields hanging on it, each one belonging to the warriors”
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4:5 ea9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שְׁנֵ֥י שָׁדַ֛יִךְ כִּשְׁנֵ֥י עֳפָרִ֖ים תְּאוֹמֵ֣י צְבִיָּ֑ה הָרוֹעִ֖ים בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 Here, the man compares the woman’s **two breasts** to two young twin gazelles that are grazing. The context does not explicitly indicate how exactly the woman’s **two breasts** are like two young gazelles so you could simply say that they resemble young gazelles or if it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a general point of comparison such as their beauty as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “Your two breasts resemble two young twin gazelles grazing among lilies”
|
||||
4:5 ea9j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שְׁנֵ֥י שָׁדַ֛יִךְ כִּשְׁנֵ֥י עֳפָרִ֖ים תְּאוֹמֵ֣י צְבִיָּ֑ה הָרוֹעִ֖ים בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 Here, the man compares the woman’s **two breasts** to two young twin gazelles that are grazing. The context does not explicitly indicate how exactly the woman’s **two breasts** are like two young gazelles so you could simply say that they resemble young gazelles or if it would be helpful to your readers, you could use a general point of comparison between the woman’s **breasts** and the young gazelles such as their beauty as modeled by the UST.
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4:5 gu86 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown צְבִיָּ֑ה 1 See how you translated the plural form “gazelles” in [2:7](../02/07.md).
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4:5 bb93 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 See how you translated the singular form “lily” in [2:1](../02/01.md).
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4:6 y1xu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification עַ֤ד שֶׁיָּפ֨וּחַ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְנָ֖סוּ הַצְּלָלִ֑ים 1 See how you translated the phrase **Until the day breathes and the shadows flee** in [2:17](../02/17.md).
|
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@ -260,23 +257,23 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
|
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4:6 yze6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַמּ֔וֹר 1 See how you translated **myrrh** in [1:13](../01/13.md).
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4:6 re83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֵ֤לֶךְ לִי֙ אֶל־הַ֣ר הַמּ֔וֹר וְאֶל־גִּבְעַ֖ת הַלְּבוֹנָֽה 1 The phrases **the mountain of myrrh** and **the hill of frankincense** are both metaphors that refer to the woman’s “breasts” (mentioned in the previous verse). The man is discreetly indicating that the woman’s breasts are pleasant smelling and that he wants to enjoy them (The man and the woman are now married). It would be good to retain this discreet and beautiful poetic imagery if possible. If you are using footnotes you could indicate what these two metaphors mean there. If you decide that it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning using a simile. Alternate translation: “I myself will go to your breasts which are like two sweet-smelling mountains” or “I myself will be close to your breasts, which are like two pleasant smelling hills”
|
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4:7 wt7k כֻּלָּ֤ךְ יָפָה֙ 1 Alternate translation: “Every part of you is beautiful”
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4:8 ojmm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִתִּ֤י מִלְּבָנוֹן֙ כַּלָּ֔ה אִתִּ֖י מִלְּבָנ֣וֹן תָּב֑וֹאִי תָּשׁ֣וּרִי ׀ מֵרֹ֣אשׁ אֲמָנָ֗ה מֵרֹ֤אשׁ שְׂנִיר֙ וְחֶרְמ֔וֹן מִמְּעֹנ֣וֹת אֲרָי֔וֹת מֵֽהַרְרֵ֖י נְמֵרִֽים 1 This entire verse is a metaphor. This is poetry and the author is not literally indicating that the woman is physically in the mountains and near wild and dangerous animals. Rather, the that author is using this metaphor to express the man’s feelings regarding being physically distant from the woman and his strong desire to have the woman near him and away from anything that could harm her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly using a simile as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
4:8 h4yw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go אִתִּ֤י…תָּב֑וֹאִי 1 Your language may say “come” rather than **go** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “Go with me … go”
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4:8 ojmm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִתִּ֤י מִלְּבָנוֹן֙ כַּלָּ֔ה אִתִּ֖י מִלְּבָנ֣וֹן תָּב֑וֹאִי תָּשׁ֣וּרִי ׀ מֵרֹ֣אשׁ אֲמָנָ֗ה מֵרֹ֤אשׁ שְׂנִיר֙ וְחֶרְמ֔וֹן מִמְּעֹנ֣וֹת אֲרָי֔וֹת מֵֽהַרְרֵ֖י נְמֵרִֽים 1 This entire verse is a metaphor. This is poetry and the author is not literally indicating that the woman is physically in the mountains and near wild and dangerous animals. Rather, the author is using this metaphor to express the man’s feelings regarding being physically distant from the woman and his strong desire to have the woman near him and away from anything that could harm her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly using a simile as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
4:8 h4yw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go אִתִּ֤י…תָּב֑וֹאִי 1 Your language may say “go” rather than **come** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “Go with me … go”
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4:8 hwn4 תָּשׁ֣וּרִי 1 The word translated as **Descend** here could mean: (1 to come down from a height. If you choose this meaning you can follow the model of the ULT and UST. Alternate translation: “Climb down” (2) to bend down and look. Alternate translation: “Bend down and look”
|
||||
4:8 m2km rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מֵרֹ֣אשׁ אֲמָנָ֗ה מֵרֹ֤אשׁ שְׂנִיר֙ וְחֶרְמ֔וֹן 1 **Hermon** is a mountain range in northern Israel and **Amana** and **Senir** are both mountain peaks.
|
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4:8 l03h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism מִמְּעֹנ֣וֹת אֲרָי֔וֹת מֵֽהַרְרֵ֖י נְמֵרִֽים 1 These two phrases mean very similar things. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same general idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you could combine the phrases into one as modeled by the UST.
|
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4:9 waew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure לִבַּבְתִּ֖נִי אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה לִבַּבְתִּ֨ינִי֙ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases and add the word “yes” to show that the phrase **you have enchanted my heart** is repeated in order to add emphasis. Alternate translation: “My sister, my bride; you have enchanted my heart. Yes, you have enchanted my heart”
|
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4:9 d7n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִבַּבְתִּ֖נִי…לִבַּבְתִּ֨ינִי֙ 1 The phrase translated as **you have enchanted my heart** is an idiom which could mean: (1) to steal or capture a persons heart. In Jewish thinking the **heart** was the center of a persons thinking. To capture a persons **heart** probably also had the added meaning of causing them to be so in love that they could not think clearly because they were so overcome with feelings of love. Alternate translation: “You have captured my heart … you have captured my heart” or “It is as though you have captured my heart … it is as though you have captured my heart” or “You have made me feel so in love with you that it is as if I have lost my mind … you have made me feel so in love with you that it is as if I have lost my mind“ (2) the the woman had made the man’s **heart** beat faster. Alternate translation: “You have caused my heart to beat fast … you have caused my heart to beat fast” (3) that the woman had encouraged the man’s **heart**. Alternate translation: “You have encouraged my heart … you have encouraged my heart” or “You have given me heart … you have given me heart”
|
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4:8 l03h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism מִמְּעֹנ֣וֹת אֲרָי֔וֹת מֵֽהַרְרֵ֖י נְמֵרִֽים 1 These two phrases mean very similar things. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same general idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you could combine these two phrases into one as modeled by the UST.
|
||||
4:9 waew rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure לִבַּבְתִּ֖נִי אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה לִבַּבְתִּ֨ינִי֙ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. If it would help your readers you could also add the word “yes” to show that the phrase **you have enchanted my heart** is repeated in order to add emphasis. Alternate translation: “My sister, my bride; you have enchanted my heart. Yes, you have enchanted my heart”
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4:9 d7n7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לִבַּבְתִּ֖נִי…לִבַּבְתִּ֨ינִי֙ 1 The phrase translated as **you have enchanted my heart** is an idiom which could mean: (1) to steal or capture a person’s heart. In Jewish thinking the **heart** was the center of a persons thinking. To capture a person’s **heart** probably also had the added meaning of causing them to be so in love that they could not think clearly because they were so overcome with feelings of love. Alternate translation: “You have captured my heart … you have captured my heart” or “It is as though you have captured my heart … it is as though you have captured my heart” or “You have made me feel so in love with you that it is as if I have lost my mind … you have made me feel so in love with you that it is as if I have lost my mind“ (2) the the woman had made the man’s **heart** beat faster. Alternate translation: “You have caused my heart to beat fast … you have caused my heart to beat fast” (3) that the woman had encouraged the man’s **heart**. Alternate translation: “You have encouraged my heart … you have encouraged my heart” or “You have given me heart … you have given me heart”
|
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4:9 vdf7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֹתִ֣י 1 The man and woman are not actually brother and sister. The phrase **my sister** is a term of endearment which expresses affection between lovers. This phrase indicates that the man and woman have a close companionship and deep emotional bond. If calling a lover **my sister** would be offensive or socially inappropriate in your culture you could use a different term of endearment or indicate the meaning of **my sister** with a footnote. Alternately, you could indicate the meaning explicitly as modeled by the UST.
|
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4:10 qy7v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation מַה־…מַה־ 1 Here, the word **How** is used as an exclamation to introduce two statements about how wonderful the woman’s **love** is. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this.
|
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4:10 v1gy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֹתִ֣י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my sister** in [4:9](../04/09.md).
|
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4:10 pb12 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure מַה־יָּפ֥וּ דֹדַ֖יִךְ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה מַה־טֹּ֤בוּ דֹדַ֨יִךְ֙ מִיַּ֔יִן 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My sister, my bride; how your love is beautiful! How your love is better than wine”
|
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4:10 ibb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מַה־יָּפ֥וּ דֹדַ֖יִךְ…מַה־טֹּ֤בוּ דֹדַ֨יִךְ֙ מִיַּ֔יִן 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea with a verb form as modeled by the UST or in some other way that is natural in your language.
|
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4:10 d1m6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׁמָנַ֖יִךְ 1 Here, **oils** refers to perfumes. In the authors culture pleasant smelling spices were mixed into olive oil in order to make a pleasant smelling perfume which was then put on the skin. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “your scented oils” or “the perfumed oils on your skin”
|
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4:10 ts8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁמָנַ֖יִךְ 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply the words “is better” from the context as modeled by the UST.
|
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4:11 fw88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֹ֛פֶת תִּטֹּ֥פְנָה שִׂפְתוֹתַ֖יִךְ 1 Here the the woman’s **lips** refer to the kisses from her **lips** and the man says that they **drip with nectar** to indicate the pleasantness of her kisses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Your kisses are so pleasant that it is as if your lips drip with nectar” or “Your kisses are delightfully sweet” or “Being kissed by you is as enjoyable as eating honey”
|
||||
4:10 d1m6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׁמָנַ֖יִךְ 1 Here, **oils** refers to perfumes. In the author’s culture pleasant smelling spices were mixed into olive oil in order to make a pleasant smelling perfume which was then put on the skin. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “your scented oils” or “the perfumed oils on your skin”
|
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4:10 ts8k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שְׁמָנַ֖יִךְ 1 The author is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply the words “is better” from the context as modeled by the ULT.
|
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4:11 fw88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֹ֛פֶת תִּטֹּ֥פְנָה שִׂפְתוֹתַ֖יִךְ 1 Here the the woman’s **lips** refer to the kisses from her **lips**. The man says that her **lips drip with nectar** to indicate the pleasantness of her kisses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Your kisses are so pleasant that it is as if your lips drip with nectar” or “Your kisses are delightfully sweet” or “Being kissed by you is as enjoyable as eating honey”
|
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4:11 l8xe rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נֹ֛פֶת 1 The word translated as **nectar** refers specifically to honey which drips or flows from honeycomb. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by translating it as “honey” as modeled by the UST.
|
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4:11 vc6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דְּבַ֤שׁ וְחָלָב֙ תַּ֣חַת לְשׁוֹנֵ֔ךְ 1 The phrase **honey and milk are under your tongue** could mean: (1) that the taste of the woman’s kisses was as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “your kisses are like milk and honey to me” or “your kisses are as pleasant and delightful as milk and honey” (2) that the woman’s words were as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “your words are as pleasant as milk and honey” (3) that both the woman’s kisses and her words were as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “the kisses from your mouth and your words are as pleasant as milk and honey to me”
|
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4:11 vc6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דְּבַ֤שׁ וְחָלָב֙ תַּ֣חַת לְשׁוֹנֵ֔ךְ 1 The phrase **honey and milk are under your tongue** could mean: (1) that the taste of the woman’s kisses were as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “your kisses are like milk and honey to me” or “your kisses are as pleasant and delightful as milk and honey” (2) that the woman’s words were as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “your words are as pleasant as milk and honey” (3) that both the woman’s kisses and her words were as pleasant as milk and honey. Alternate translation: “the kisses from your mouth and your words are as pleasant as milk and honey to me”
|
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4:11 nyc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְרֵ֥יחַ שַׂלְמֹתַ֖יִךְ כְּרֵ֥יחַ לְבָנֽוֹן 1 **Lebanon** is known for its forests of cedar trees. Cedar trees have a very pleasant smell. The phrase **the smell of your garments is like the smell of Lebanon** probably means that the woman’s clothes smelled like the smell of cedar wood. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the smell of your garments is like the smell of Lebanon’s pleasant smelling cedar”
|
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4:12 ik5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure גַּ֥ן ׀ נָע֖וּל אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה גַּ֥ל נָע֖וּל מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My sister, my bride; you are a locked garden, a locked spring, a sealed fountain”
|
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4:12 j45u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גַּ֥ן ׀ נָע֖וּל אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה 1 The man is speaking of the woman as if she were a **locked garden**. He uses **garden** as a poetic way of referring to the woman herself and by saying she is a **locked garden** he means that the woman is both beautiful and seemingly inaccessible like a **locked garden**. If it would help your readers you could express the meaning as a simile. Alternate translation: “You are like a locked garden my sister, my bride”
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@ -284,52 +281,53 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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4:12 whp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֹתִ֣י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my sister** in [4:9](../04/09.md).
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4:12 i5nb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor גַּ֥ל נָע֖וּל מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם 1 The man continues to draw an extended comparison between the woman he loves and a **garden** by speaking of the woman as if she were **a locked spring** and **a sealed fountain** within a **locked garden**. The man means that the woman’s body is beautiful and seemingly inaccessible like a **a locked spring** or **a sealed fountain**. If you translated **A locked garden is my sister, my bride** as a simile then you should also translate these two phrases as similes. Alternate translation: “you are like a locked spring, you are like a sealed fountain”
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4:12 z4b8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism גַּ֥ל נָע֖וּל מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם 1 The phrase **a locked spring** and the phrase **a sealed fountain** mean basically the same thing. The author is saying the same thing twice, in slightly different ways, for emphasis. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one, as modeled by the UST, and show the emphasis in some other way.
|
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4:13 nsr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor שְׁלָחַ֨יִךְ֙ 1 The word translated as **shoots** refers to the parts of something that come out from it. Here, the word refers to the stems and roots that come out (shoot out) from trees and plants. The word **shoots** is used here to refer to the woman so if it would help your readers you could translate the phrase **Your shoots** as “You” as modeled by the UST. Alternately, you could translate **shoots** with a general word that your language uses to speak of what grows out of plants and trees. Alternate translation: “Your sprouts”
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4:13-14 unsg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor שְׁלָחַ֨יִךְ֙ פַּרְדֵּ֣ס רִמּוֹנִ֔ים עִ֖ם פְּרִ֣י מְגָדִ֑ים כְּפָרִ֖ים עִם־נְרָדִֽים…נֵ֣רְדְּ ׀ וְכַרְכֹּ֗ם קָנֶה֙ וְקִנָּמ֔וֹן עִ֖ם כָּל־עֲצֵ֣י לְבוֹנָ֑ה מֹ֚ר וַאֲהָל֔וֹת עִ֖ם כָּל־רָאשֵׁ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The man is making a comparison between these things and the woman by speaking of her as if she is **an orchard of pomegranate trees** and as as if she is various other spices and pleasant smelling plants and trees that are in the “locked garden” ([4:12](../04/12.md)). If you translated [4:12](../04/12.md) as a simile you should also translate these two verses as a simile. Alternate translation: “You are like an orchard of pomegranate trees with delicious fruits;\nhenna with nard, nard and saffron;\ncalamus and cinnamon with all trees of frankincense;\nmyrrh and aloes with all the best spices”
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4:13-14 unsg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor שְׁלָחַ֨יִךְ֙ פַּרְדֵּ֣ס רִמּוֹנִ֔ים עִ֖ם פְּרִ֣י מְגָדִ֑ים כְּפָרִ֖ים עִם־נְרָדִֽים…נֵ֣רְדְּ ׀ וְכַרְכֹּ֗ם קָנֶה֙ וְקִנָּמ֔וֹן עִ֖ם כָּל־עֲצֵ֣י לְבוֹנָ֑ה מֹ֚ר וַאֲהָל֔וֹת עִ֖ם כָּל־רָאשֵׁ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The man is making a comparison between these things and the woman by speaking of her as if she is **an orchard of pomegranate trees** and as as if she is various other spices and pleasant smelling plants and trees that are in the “locked garden” ([4:12](../04/12.md)). If you translated [4:12](../04/12.md) as a simile you should also translate these two verses as a simile. Alternate translation: “You are like an orchard of pomegranate trees with delicious fruits; henna with nard, nard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes with all the best spices”
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4:13 nsr3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor שְׁלָחַ֨יִךְ֙ 1 The word translated as **shoots** refers to the parts of something that come out from it. Here, the word refers to the stems and roots that come out (shoot out) from trees and plants. The word **shoots** is used here to refer to the woman so if it would help your readers you could translate the phrase **Your shoots** as “You” as modeled by the UST. Alternately, you could translate **shoots** with a general word that your language uses to speak of what grows out of plants and trees. Alternate translation: “Your sprouts are”
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4:13-14 dju5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כְּפָרִ֖ים עִם־נְרָדִֽים…נֵ֣רְדְּ 1 See how you translated the word **nard** in [1:12](../01/12.md) and the word **henna** in [1:14](../01/14.md).
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4:14 dxj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְכַרְכֹּ֗ם קָנֶה֙ וְקִנָּמ֔וֹן…וַאֲהָל֔וֹת 1 The word **saffron** refers to a beautiful flowering plant that produces purple flowers and the word **calamus** refers to a cane. Both **saffron** and **calamus** were used to make a pleasant smelling oil. The term **cinnamon** refers to a spice made from the bark of the **cinnamon**. The term **aloes** refers to the pleasant smelling resin that comes from specific trees in Asia. If one or more of these plants are unknown in your area you could use use the name of something similar in your area or you could retain the name and use a footnote explaining what the plant is. Alternate translation: “and saffron flowers, calamus canes and cinnamon trees … pleasant smelling resin called aloes”
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4:15 z2an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor מַעְיַ֣ן גַּנִּ֔ים בְּאֵ֖ר מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֑ים וְנֹזְלִ֖ים מִן־לְבָנֽוֹן 1 Here, the man continues the metaphor that he began in [4:12](../04/12.md) and speaks of the woman he loves as if she were **a fountain** in a garden, **a well of living water** and **flowing streams from Lebanon**. If you translated [4:12-14](../04/12.md) as a simile you should also translate this verse as a simile. See how you translated the word “garden” in [4:12](../04/12.md). Alternate translation: “you are like a fountain of gardens,\nlike a well of living water\nand like flowing streams from Lebanon”
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4:14 dxj9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown וְכַרְכֹּ֗ם קָנֶה֙ וְקִנָּמ֔וֹן…וַאֲהָל֔וֹת 1 The word **saffron** refers to a beautiful flowering plant that produces purple flowers and the word **calamus** refers to a cane. Both **saffron** and **calamus** were used to make a pleasant smelling oil. The term **cinnamon** refers to a spice made from the bark of the **cinnamon** tree. The term **aloes** refers to the pleasant smelling resin that comes from specific trees in Asia. If one or more of these plants are unknown in your area you could use use the name of something similar in your area or you could retain the name and use a footnote explaining what the plant is. Alternate translation: “and saffron flowers, calamus canes and cinnamon trees … pleasant smelling resin called aloes”
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4:15 z2an rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor מַעְיַ֣ן גַּנִּ֔ים בְּאֵ֖ר מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֑ים וְנֹזְלִ֖ים מִן־לְבָנֽוֹן 1 Here, the man continues the metaphor that he began in [4:12](../04/12.md) and speaks of the woman he loves as if she were **a fountain** in a garden, **a well of living water** and **flowing streams from Lebanon**. If you translated [4:12-14](../04/12.md) as a simile you should also translate this verse as a simile See how you translated the word “garden” in [4:12](../04/12.md). Alternate translation: “you are like a fountain of gardens, like a well of living water and like flowing streams from Lebanon”
|
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4:15 bj5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַעְיַ֣ן גַּנִּ֔ים 1 The term translated as **fountain** refers to a spring or underground well that is dug in order to be used as a water source. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “a garden spring” or “a garden well”
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4:15 t9ch rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-plural מַעְיַ֣ן גַּנִּ֔ים 1 Here, the author could be using the plural form **gardens** to: (1) designate the kind of **fountain** that would be in **gardens**. Alternate translation: “a garden fountain” (2) designate a large garden. Alternate translation: “a fountain in a large garden”
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4:15 ke0n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֑ים 1 Here, the term **living** means that the water is fresh and flowing. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “fresh water” or “flowing water”
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4:16 jv5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe ע֤וּרִי צָפוֹן֙ וּב֣וֹאִי תֵימָ֔ן הָפִ֥יחִי גַנִּ֖י יִזְּל֣וּ בְשָׂמָ֑יו 1 The woman is speaking to the **wind** which she knows cannot hear her. She is doing this to communicate her strong desire that the pleasant smell of her body will flow through the air and attract the man she loves so that he will come to her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words as a wish or desire. Alternate translation: “I wish that the north wind and south wind would come and blow on my garden and let its spices flow”
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4:16 x71g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וּב֣וֹאִי…יָבֹ֤א דוֹדִי֙ 1 Your language may say “go” rather than **come** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “and go … Let my beloved go”
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4:16 l273 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor ע֤וּרִי צָפוֹן֙ וּב֣וֹאִי תֵימָ֔ן הָפִ֥יחִי גַנִּ֖י יִזְּל֣וּ בְשָׂמָ֑יו יָבֹ֤א דוֹדִי֙ לְגַנּ֔וֹ וְיֹאכַ֖ל פְּרִ֥י מְגָדָֽיו 1 Here, the woman continues the “garden” metaphor (that the man began in [4:12](../04/12.md)) by referring to her body as **my garden** and then **his garden**. In this verse the woman calls to the wind to blow on her **garden** so that **its spices flow** into the air and attract the man she loves. The woman then offers her body to the man she loves by inviting him to **come to his garden** (a poetic way of inviting him to come to her and enjoy her body). You should translate the term **garden** here the same way you did in [4:12](../04/12.md) because both uses refer to the woman’s body. In [4:13](../04/13.md) the man spoke of the woman’s body as “an orchard of pomegranate trees with delicious fruits” and here the woman invites the man to **come to his garden and eat its delicious fruit**. If you translated [4:12-15](../04/12.md) as a simile, you should also translate the sentence **Let my beloved come to his garden\nand eat its delicious fruit** as a simile.
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4:16 l273 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor ע֤וּרִי צָפוֹן֙ וּב֣וֹאִי תֵימָ֔ן הָפִ֥יחִי גַנִּ֖י יִזְּל֣וּ בְשָׂמָ֑יו יָבֹ֤א דוֹדִי֙ לְגַנּ֔וֹ וְיֹאכַ֖ל פְּרִ֥י מְגָדָֽיו 1 Here, the woman continues the “garden” metaphor (that the man began in [4:12](../04/12.md)) by referring to her body as **my garden** and then **his garden**. In this verse the woman calls to the wind to blow on her **garden** so that **its spices flow** into the air and attract the man she loves. The woman then offers her body to the man she loves by inviting him to **come to his garden** (a poetic way of inviting him to come to her and enjoy her body). You should translate the term **garden** here the same way you did in [4:12](../04/12.md) because both uses refer to the woman’s body. In [4:13](../04/13.md) the man spoke of the woman’s body as “an orchard of pomegranate trees with delicious fruits” and here the woman invites the man to **come to his garden and eat its delicious fruit**. If you translated [4:12-15](../04/12.md) as a simile, you should also translate the sentence **Let my beloved come to his garden and eat its delicious fruit** as a simile.
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4:16 kdi9 יִזְּל֣וּ בְשָׂמָ֑יו 1 Alternate translation: “and carry the pleasant smell of its spices through the air” or “and make the pleasant smell of its spices flow through the air”
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5:intro kdw4 0 # Song of Songs 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\n\n5:1 The conclusion of the garden metaphor\n\n5:2-8 The theme of longing and searching. \n\n5:9 The women of Jerusalem ask the young women why she thinks the man she loves is special\n\n5:10-16 The woman responds to the question the young women of Jerusalem asked her\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### The attractiveness of the man\n\nThe woman describes the man as the epitome of male attractiveness.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Metaphors\n\nAs the author has done throughout this book so far, he continues to use metaphors to describe feeling and events that are common to romantic relationships. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Order of events\n\n5:2-8 seems to describe events that would have chronologically and logically occurred before the events described in 3:6-5:1. The solution to this seeming problem is to understand that this book is poetry and that the author is poetically describing emotions and feelings that occur between a man and woman who romantically love each other. Because the author is using poetry to describe the couple’s romantic relationship and its associated feelings, he does not need to follow the conventions of chronological story telling.\n\n### Whether 5:2-8 describes events that really happened or that happened in a dream.\n\nThere are two main views among Bible scholars regarding the events described in 5:2-8. One view is that the events which 5:2-8 describe happened in a dream. The other view is that the events that 5:2-8 describe actually happened after the man awakened the women from sleeping or from being nearly asleep. The vast majority of Bible scholars think that the first view is correct, that the events described in 5:2-8 happened in a dream.\n\n### The “sister” metaphor\n\nThe phrase **my sister** is used in 4:9; 4:10, 4:12, 5:1, and 5:2. The man uses this phrase as a term of endearment for the woman he loves. The woman is not actually his sister. You should translate this phrase in 5:1, and 5:2 the same way as you translated it in 4:9; 4:10, and 4:12 because the author uses it with the same meaning in this chapter. See the note at the first occurrence of this phrase in 4:9 for more information regarding this phrase.\n\n
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5:1 f2qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־חֲלָבִ֑י 1 The man continues using the “garden” metaphor that he began in [4:12](../04/12.md) by again referring to the woman’s body as a **garden**. Here the man accepts the woman’s invitation (that she gave in the previous verse) to enjoy her body. The lines **I have plucked my myrrh with my spice** and **I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey** and **I have drunk my wine with my milk** are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body. If you used similes to translate [4:12-16](../04/12.md) you should continue to do so here. Alternate translation: “You who are as dear to me as a sister, my bride, I am ready to go with you and enjoy the delights of your body, it will be as though I will be gathering myrrh with my other spices, and eating my honey and honeycomb, and drinking my wine and my milk”
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5:1 dr7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־חֲלָבִ֑י 1 Though the man is speaking as if he has already done these things. He is actually getting ready to do them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I am going to come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I will pluck my myrrh with my spice.\nI will eat my honeycomb with my honey;\nI will drink my wine with my milk”
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5:1 f2qr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־חֲלָבִ֑י 1 Here, the man continues using the “garden” metaphor that he began in [4:12](../04/12.md) and again refers to the woman’s body as a **garden**. Here the man accepts the woman’s invitation (that she gave in the previous verse) to enjoy her body. The lines **I have plucked my myrrh with my spice** and **I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey** and **I have drunk my wine with my milk** are all metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body. If you used similes to translate [4:12-16](../04/12.md) you should continue to do so here. Alternate translation: “You who are as dear to me as a sister, my bride, I am ready to go with you and enjoy the delights of your body, it will be as though I will be gathering myrrh with my other spices, and eating my honey and honeycomb, and drinking my wine and my milk”
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5:1 dr7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ אָרִ֤יתִי מוֹרִי֙ עִם־בְּשָׂמִ֔י אָכַ֤לְתִּי יַעְרִי֙ עִם־דִּבְשִׁ֔י שָׁתִ֥יתִי יֵינִ֖י עִם־חֲלָבִ֑י 1 Though the man is speaking as if he has already done these things. He is actually getting ready to do them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I am going to come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I will pluck my myrrh with my spice. I will eat my honeycomb with my honey; I will drink my wine with my milk”
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5:1 m575 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go בָּ֣אתִי 1 Your language may say “gone” rather than **come** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “I have gone”
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5:1 jf09 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure בָּ֣אתִי לְגַנִּי֮ אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּה֒ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My sister, my bride, I have come to my garden”
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5:1 tgd7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֹתִ֣י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my sister** in [4:9](../04/09.md).
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5:1 bxja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים 1 The author does not say who is speaking to the couple here so you should not indicate the speakers explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, the speakers could be: (1) the “daughters of Jerusalem” who spoke earlier in the book. The daughters of Jerusalem are speaking to the couple at the couple’s wedding. If you are using section headers you can use a phrase such as “The young women of Jerusalem speaking to the couple” or “The young women of Jerusalem speak to the couple at their wedding” (2) a group of people who are the couple’s. If you are using section headers you can use a phrase such as “The couple’s friends speak ” or “The couple’s wedding guests speak”
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5:1 bxja rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים 1 The author does not say who is speaking to the couple here so you should not indicate the speakers explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, the speakers could be: (1) the “daughters of Jerusalem” who spoke earlier in the book. The daughters of Jerusalem are speaking to the couple at the couple’s wedding. If you are using section headers you can use a phrase such as “The young women of Jerusalem speaking to the couple” or “The young women of Jerusalem speak to the couple at their wedding” (2) a group of people who are the couple’s friends and wedding guests. If you are using section headers you can use a phrase such as “The couple’s friends speak ” or “The couple’s wedding guests speak”
|
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5:1 i16q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים 1 Eating and drinking are metaphors which are used to represent the newly married couple enjoying their sexual union. The phrase **be drunk with love** is an encouragement to fully enjoy the delights of their sexual union. If it would help your readers you could express the meaning with a simile. Alternate translation: “Enjoy your marital intimacy and make love until you are fully satisfied as if you are eating food until full and drinking wine freely”
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5:1 doim rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִכְל֣וּ רֵעִ֔ים שְׁת֥וּ וְשִׁכְר֖וּ דּוֹדִֽים 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea with a verb phrase, as modeled by the UST, or you could translate it in some other way that is natural in your language.
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5:2 biy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲנִ֥י יְשֵׁנָ֖ה וְלִבִּ֣י עֵ֑ר 1 Here, the term **heart** could represent: (1) the woman’s thoughts and mental awareness in which case the phrase **my heart is awake** means that her mind is alert and dreaming after she had started to sleep. Alternate translation: “I am asleep, but my mind is dreaming” or “I am asleep, but my mind is alert and dreaming” (2) the woman’s entire person in which case the phrase **my heart is awake** means that she had been awakened after falling **asleep** or after she was almost **asleep**. Alternate translation: “I was almost asleep, now I am awakened” or “I was asleep, but now I have been awakened”
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5:2 biy3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲנִ֥י יְשֵׁנָ֖ה וְלִבִּ֣י עֵ֑ר 1 Here, the term **heart** could represent: (1) the woman’s thoughts and mental awareness which would make the phrase **my heart is awake** mean that her mind is alert and dreaming after she had started to sleep. Alternate translation: “I am asleep, but my mind is dreaming” or “I am asleep, but my mind is alert and dreaming” (2) the woman’s entire person which would make the phrase **my heart is awake** mean that she had been awakened after falling **asleep** or awakened after she was almost **asleep**. Alternate translation: “I was almost asleep, now I am awakened” or “I was asleep, but now I have been awakened”
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5:2 kri6 ק֣וֹל ׀ דּוֹדִ֣י דוֹפֵ֗ק 1 Alternate translation: “I hear a sound, it is my beloved knocking” or “I hear a sound, it is the sound of my beloved knocking on my door”
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5:2 tk43 דּוֹדִ֣י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my beloved** in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “my lover”
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5:2 rx38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom אֲחֹתִ֤י רַעְיָתִי֙ 1 See how you translated the phrase **my sister** in [4:9](../04/09.md) and the phrase **my darling** in [1:9](../01/09.md).
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5:2 rx38 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲחֹתִ֤י רַעְיָתִי֙ 1 See how you translated the phrase **my sister** in [4:9](../04/09.md) and the phrase **my darling** in [1:9](../01/09.md).
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5:2 us5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יוֹנָתִ֣י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my dove** in [2:14](../02/14.md).
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5:2 yh2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁרֹּאשִׁי֙ נִמְלָא־טָ֔ל 1 Here, the phrase **full of** is a Hebrew idiom which means “wet with.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “because my head is with with dew”
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5:2 yh2r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁרֹּאשִׁי֙ נִמְלָא־טָ֔ל 1 Here, the phrase **full of** is a Hebrew idiom which means “wet with.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “because my head is wet with dew”
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5:2 d3gt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis קְוֻּצּוֹתַ֖י 1 The words “is full of” are understood from the previous phrase. If it would help your readers, they can be repeated here as modeled by the ULT.
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5:3 m1u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks פָּשַׁ֨טְתִּי֙ אֶת־כֻּתָּנְתִּ֔י אֵיכָ֖כָה אֶלְבָּשֶׁ֑נָּה רָחַ֥צְתִּי אֶת־רַגְלַ֖י אֵיכָ֥כָה אֲטַנְּפֵֽם 1 In this verse, the author quotes: (1) what the woman thought to herself. Alternate translation: “I thought to myself; I have taken off my robe; how will I put it on?\nI have washed my feet; how could I get them dirty?” (2) the woman speaking directly to the man. Alternate translation: “I said to the man I love; I have taken off my robe; how will I put it on? I have washed my feet; how could I get them dirty?”
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5:3 m1u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks פָּשַׁ֨טְתִּי֙ אֶת־כֻּתָּנְתִּ֔י אֵיכָ֖כָה אֶלְבָּשֶׁ֑נָּה רָחַ֥צְתִּי אֶת־רַגְלַ֖י אֵיכָ֥כָה אֲטַנְּפֵֽם 1 In this verse, the author quotes: (1) what the woman thought to herself. Alternate translation: “I thought to myself; I have taken off my robe; how will I put it on? I have washed my feet; how could I get them dirty?” (2) the woman speaking directly to the man. Alternate translation: “I said to the man I love; I have taken off my robe; how will I put it on? I have washed my feet; how could I get them dirty?”
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5:3 g6z2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion אֵיכָ֖כָה אֶלְבָּשֶׁ֑נָּה רָחַ֥צְתִּי אֶת־רַגְלַ֖י אֵיכָ֥כָה אֲטַנְּפֵֽם 1 The woman is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation and express the emphasis in a way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I do not want to put it back on! I have already washed my feet so I do not want to get them dirty again!”
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5:4 nns1 דּוֹדִ֗י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my beloved** in [1:13](../01/13.md).
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5:4 xks3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּמֵעַ֖י הָמ֥וּ עָלָֽיו 1 Here, **belly** represents the center of a person’s emotions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and my feelings for him roared”
|
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5:4 az6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמֵעַ֖י הָמ֥וּ עָלָֽיו 1 Here, the phrase **my belly roared** means that the woman’s feelings were aroused. The term **belly** represents the woman’s feelings and the woman saying that her feelings **roared** is a poetic way of saying that her feelings were aroused. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “and my feelings for him were aroused” or “and my concerning him were aroused”
|
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5:5 w3k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְיָדַ֣י נָֽטְפוּ־מ֗וֹר וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי֙ מ֣וֹר עֹבֵ֔ר 1 The phrase **my hands dripped with myrrh** and the phrase **my fingers dripped with flowing myrrh** mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “and my hands dripped with myrrh, yes, my fingers dripped with flowing myrrh”
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5:4 az6q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּמֵעַ֖י הָמ֥וּ עָלָֽיו 1 Here, the phrase **my belly roared** means that the woman’s feelings were aroused. The term **belly** represents the woman’s feelings and the woman saying that her feelings **roared** is a poetic way of saying that her feelings were aroused. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or express the meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “and my feelings for him were aroused”
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5:5 w3k2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism וְיָדַ֣י נָֽטְפוּ־מ֗וֹר וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי֙ מ֣וֹר עֹבֵ֔ר 1 The phrase **my hands dripped with myrrh** and the phrase **my fingers dripped with flowing myrrh** mean basically the same thing. The second phrase emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “and my hands dripped with myrrh, yes, my fingers dripped with flowing myrrh”
|
||||
5:5 ycr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מ֣וֹר עֹבֵ֔ר 1 The phrase translated as **flowing myrrh** refers to liquid myrrh. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “liquid myrrh”
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5:5 yfag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי֙ 1 The woman is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “and my fingers dripped with”
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5:5 yfag rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי֙ 1 The woman is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context as modeled by the ULT which adds the words “dripped with.”
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5:6 b7qk לְדוֹדִ֔י וְדוֹדִ֖י 1 See how you translated the phrase **my beloved** in [1:13](../01/13.md).
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5:6 y1yc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עָבָ֑ר 1 Your language may say “went” rather than **gone** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “and went”
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5:6 fxej rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go נַפְשִׁי֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה 1 Your language may say “gone” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “My soul had gone out”
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5:6 z8na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נַפְשִׁי֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה 1 Here, **soul** represents the entire person, and the phrase **My soul went out** is a Hebrew idiom that means means to feel extreme despair. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My heart sank”
|
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5:6 s6qy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֥א עָנָֽנִי 1 The reason the man did not answer is because he was not there. If your readers might mistakenly think that the phrase **he did not answer me** implies that the man was present and chose not to answer, you could state explicitly that the man was not there or you could use a different phrase. Alternate translation: “but he did not answer me because he was not there” or “but there was no answer”
|
||||
5:6 z8na rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נַפְשִׁי֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה 1 Here, **soul** represents the entire person, and the phrase **My soul went out** is a Hebrew idiom that means to feel extreme despair. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “My heart sank” or “I felt great despair”
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||||
5:6 h4tj בְדַבְּר֔וֹ 1 Here, the word translated as **when he departed** could mean: (1) **when he departed**. If you choose this option use the translation of the ULT as a model. (2) “when he spoke.” Alternate translation: “when he spoke”
|
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5:6 s6qy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְלֹ֥א עָנָֽנִי 1 The reason the man did not answer is because he was not there. If your readers might mistakenly think that the phrase **he did not answer** implies that the man was present, you could state explicitly that the man was not there or you could use a different phrase to express the meaning such as “but there was no answer.” Alternate translation: “but he did not answer me because he was not there” or “but there was no answer”
|
||||
5:7 a9yk rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown מְצָאֻ֧נִי הַשֹּׁמְרִ֛ים הַסֹּבְבִ֥ים בָּעִ֖יר 1 See how you translated the sentence **The guards going about in the city found me** in [3:3](../03/03.md).
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5:7 fr13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure הִכּ֣וּנִי פְצָע֑וּנִי נָשְׂא֤וּ אֶת־רְדִידִי֙ מֵֽעָלַ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י הַחֹמֽוֹת 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “The guards of the walls beat me and wounded me;\nthey lifted my shawl from me”
|
||||
5:7 fr13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure הִכּ֣וּנִי פְצָע֑וּנִי נָשְׂא֤וּ אֶת־רְדִידִי֙ מֵֽעָלַ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י הַחֹמֽוֹת 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “The guards of the walls beat me and wounded me; they lifted my shawl from me”
|
||||
5:7 ektd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הִכּ֣וּנִי פְצָע֑וּנִי 1 The reason that the city watchmen **beat** and **wounded** the woman is because they thought she was a prostitute. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST.
|
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5:7 nnql rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown אֶת־רְדִידִי֙ 1 The word translated as **shawl** could refer to: (1) a light article of clothing like a **shawl** or cloak that was worn as an outer garment and wrapped around the body. Alternate translation: “my cloak” (2) a large veil. Alternate translation: “my veil”
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5:7 euu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שֹׁמְרֵ֖י הַחֹמֽוֹת 1 The men called **the guards of the walls** are the same men as **The guards going about in the city**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “those guards who were going about in the city guarding the walls”
|
||||
5:7 euu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שֹׁמְרֵ֖י הַחֹמֽוֹת 1 The men called **the guards of the walls** are the same men as **The guards going about in the city** mentioned earlier in the verse. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “those guards who were going about in the city guarding the walls”
|
||||
5:8 czu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּ֥עְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּנ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם 1 See how you translated the phrase **I adjure you, daughters of Jerusalem** in [2:7](../02/07.md).
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||||
5:8 v5m3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole שֶׁחוֹלַ֥ת אַהֲבָ֖ה אָֽנִי 1 See how you translated the phrase **sick with love am I** in [2:5](../02/05.md)
|
||||
5:8 r20s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis שֶׁחוֹלַ֥ת אַהֲבָ֖ה אָֽנִי 1 The woman is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context as modeled by the ULT.
|
||||
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|
@ -339,30 +337,30 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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5:9 eap5 הַיָּפָ֖ה בַּנָּשִׁ֑ים 1 See how you translated the phrase **most beautiful among women** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
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5:9 sj0b שֶׁכָּ֖כָה הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽנוּ 1 Alternate translation: “with the result that thus you adjure us” or “with the result that you request us to promise that we tell him that” or “that would make you want to thus adjure us”
|
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5:9 zp43 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽנוּ 1 See how you translated the word **adjure** in the previous verse.
|
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5:10 xuy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִ֥י צַח֙ וְאָד֔וֹם 1 The word translated here as **shimmering** means refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing” and here it means that the man’s skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the man’s healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. These two words are used together to indicate that the man’s skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they indicate when used together as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloved’s skin glows and is a handsome reddish brown” or “My beloved’s skin is radiant and reddish-brown”
|
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5:10 ie7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive דָּג֖וּל מֵרְבָבָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state the phrase **able to be distinguished from** in active form, use an adjective such as “distinguishable” or “outstanding,” or express the meaning in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he is distinguishable from ten thousand other men”
|
||||
5:10 xuy2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִ֥י צַח֙ וְאָד֔וֹם 1 The word translated here as **shimmering** refers to something that is “radiant” or “glowing.” Here it means that the man’s skin had a healthy glow. The word **red** refers to the man’s healthy color of skin that was a brownish red or reddish brown color. These two words are used together to indicate that the man’s skin and complexion looked healthy and handsome. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly that these two words refer to his skin or you could summarize what they indicate when used together as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “My beloved has radiant and healthy skin” or “My beloved’s skin glows and is a handsome reddish brown” or “My beloved’s skin is radiant and reddish-brown”
|
||||
5:10 ie7h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive דָּג֖וּל מֵרְבָבָֽה 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state the phrase **able to be distinguished from** in active form or use an adjective such as “distinguishable” or “outstanding,” or express the meaning in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he is distinguishable from ten thousand other men”
|
||||
5:10 hms2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דָּג֖וּל מֵרְבָבָֽה 1 In the Hebrew language **ten thousand** is the highest number that was used when making comparisons so the woman uses this number here to stand for an uncountable number of **other people**. If you have a similar expression in your culture you could use that. Alternately, if it would help your readers, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “better than anyone else” or “there is no one else like him” or “one in a million”
|
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5:11 s23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֹאשׁ֖וֹ כֶּ֣תֶם פָּ֑ז 1 The woman is speaking of the man’s **head** as if it were **gold**. Because she speaks of the appearance of the man’s **hairs** in the following line she probably intends to speak of the man’s face in this line and express that his face resembles the dazzling, beautiful appearance of gold. By adding that the **gold** is **refined gold** the woman is indicating that the **gold** is very special and valuable and so by adding the phrase **refined gold** she is probably indicating that the man is special and has great worth. If it would help your readers you could use a simile to express the meaning or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His head is like gold that is refined” or “His face is beautiful and gleams like gold. He is precious and valuable like refined gold” or “His face gleams. He is precious and valuable”
|
||||
5:11 mojr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב 1 A **raven** is a large bird with dark black feathers. Ravens are as big as some hawks and are similar in color and appearance to crows but are larger. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of bird, you could use the name of a similar bird in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “black like a bird with dark black feathers” or “black like a dark black bird”
|
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5:11 m1w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile קְוּצּוֹתָיו֙ תַּלְתַּלִּ֔ים שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב 1 The point of the comparison **black like the raven** is that the man’s hair is dark black like the color of a raven. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “his hair is wavy and dark black”\n\n
|
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5:12 m6e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עֵינָ֕יו כְּיוֹנִ֖ים עַל־אֲפִ֣יקֵי מָ֑יִם רֹֽחֲצוֹת֙ בֶּֽחָלָ֔ב יֹשְׁב֖וֹת עַל־מִלֵּֽאת 1 In [1:15](../01/15.md) the man said to the woman, “your eyes are doves.” Here, the woman says this to the man and adds the word **like** and extends the comparison between **doves** and **eyes** by adding the phrase **bathing in milk** which explains what color the doves (eyes) are and by adding two parallel phrases, **beside stream beds of water** and **sitting by the pools**, both of which describe the **doves** as being by water. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could add the words “that are” and “and” to show that the comparison continues throughout the verse. Alternately, you could express the meaning in plain language as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “His eyes are like doves beside stream beds of water,\nthat are bathing in milk and sitting beside the pools”
|
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5:11 s23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רֹאשׁ֖וֹ כֶּ֣תֶם פָּ֑ז 1 The woman is speaking of the man’s **head** as if it were **gold**. Because she speaks of the appearance of the man’s **hairs** in the following line she probably intends to speak of the man’s face in this line and express that his face resembles the dazzling, beautiful appearance of gold. The phrase **refined gold** indicates that the **gold** is very special and valuable. By saying that the man’s **head** is **refined gold** the woman is probably indicating that the man she loves is special and has great worth. If it would help your readers you could use a simile to express the meaning or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His head is like gold that is refined” or “His face is beautiful and gleams like gold. He is precious and valuable like refined gold” or “His face gleams. He is precious and valuable”
|
||||
5:11 mojr rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב 1 A **raven** is a large bird with dark black feathers. Ravens are as big as some hawks and are similar in color and appearance to crows but larger. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of bird, you could use the name of a similar bird in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “black like a bird with dark black feathers” or “black like a dark black bird”
|
||||
5:11 m1w4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile קְוּצּוֹתָיו֙ תַּלְתַּלִּ֔ים שְׁחֹר֖וֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב 1 The point of the comparison **black like the raven** is that the man’s hair is dark **black** like the color of a **raven**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “his hair is wavy and dark black”\n\n
|
||||
5:12 m6e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עֵינָ֕יו כְּיוֹנִ֖ים עַל־אֲפִ֣יקֵי מָ֑יִם רֹֽחֲצוֹת֙ בֶּֽחָלָ֔ב יֹשְׁב֖וֹת עַל־מִלֵּֽאת 1 In [1:15](../01/15.md) the man said to the woman, “your eyes are doves.” Here, the woman uses the word **like** instead of “are” and compares the man’s **eyes** to **doves** that are **bathing in milk** and are by water. The phrase **bathing in milk** explains what color the **doves** (eyes) are. The two phrases, **beside stream beds of water** and **sitting by the pools**, both describe the **doves** as being by water. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could add the words “that are” and “and” to show that the comparison continues throughout the verse. Alternately, you could express the meaning in plain language as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “His eyes are like doves beside stream beds of water, that are bathing in milk and sitting beside the pools”
|
||||
5:12 knr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism עֵינָ֕יו כְּיוֹנִ֖ים עַל־אֲפִ֣יקֵי מָ֑יִם רֹֽחֲצוֹת֙ בֶּֽחָלָ֔ב יֹשְׁב֖וֹת עַל־מִלֵּֽאת 1 The phrases **beside stream beds of water** and **sitting by the pools** mean basically the same thing. They both describe the **doves** as being by water. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine them. Alternate translation: “His eyes are like doves beside stream beds of water, bathing in milk” or “His eyes are like doves bathing in milk, sitting by the pools”
|
||||
5:13 mem2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile לְחָיָו֙ כַּעֲרוּגַ֣ת הַבֹּ֔שֶׂם מִגְדְּל֖וֹת מֶרְקָחִ֑ים 1 Here, the man’s **cheeks** are compared to a garden, or an area in a garden, used for planting **spices**. The phrase **yielding herbal spices** further describes the first line. The point of this comparison is that the man’s **cheeks** smell **like planters of spices, yielding herbal spices**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “His cheeks smell like a bed of spices that produce herbal spices”
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5:13 h8iu כַּעֲרוּגַ֣ת הַבֹּ֔שֶׂם 1 Here, the term translated as **bed** refers to an area in a garden used for planting. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “like an area for planting spices” or “like a garden bed of spices” or “like planters of spices”
|
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5:13 a4hu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׂפְתוֹתָיו֙ שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּ֔ים נֹטְפ֖וֹת מ֥וֹר עֹבֵֽר 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **lips** to **lilies** that are **dripping with flowing myrrh**. The woman probably compares his lips with **lilies, dripping with flowing myrrh** because of the sweet smell of both **lilies** and **myrrh** and because of the beauty and softness of **lilies** and because the man’s kisses are wet like **flowing myrrh**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His lips are beautiful, fragrant, and soft. His kisses are sweet sweet-smelling and moist”
|
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5:13 h8iu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּעֲרוּגַ֣ת הַבֹּ֔שֶׂם 1 Here, the term translated as **bed** refers to an area in a garden used for planting. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “like an area for planting spices” or “like a garden bed of spices” or “like planters of spices”
|
||||
5:13 a4hu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׂפְתוֹתָיו֙ שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּ֔ים נֹטְפ֖וֹת מ֥וֹר עֹבֵֽר 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **lips** to **lilies** that are **dripping with flowing myrrh**. The woman probably compares his lips with **lilies, dripping with flowing myrrh** because of the sweet smell of both **lilies** and **myrrh**, because of the beauty and softness of **lilies**, and because the man’s kisses are wet like **flowing myrrh**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His lips are beautiful, fragrant, and soft. His kisses are sweet-smelling and moist”
|
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5:13 t4f1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּ֔ים 1 See how you translated **lilies** in [2:16](../02/16.md).
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5:13 x8c2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מ֥וֹר עֹבֵֽר 1 See how you translated the phrase **flowing myrrh** in [5:5](../05/05.md).
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5:14 nl6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָדָיו֙ גְּלִילֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב מְמֻלָּאִ֖ים בַּתַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **arms** to **rods of gold mounted with topaz**. **rods of gold** were powerful, had an attractive color, and had a finely rounded shape and **topaz** would have made the **rods of gold** even more nice to look at. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His arms are powerful, nicely rounded, and beautiful like rods of gold mounted with topaz”
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5:14 r9p1 יָדָיו֙ 1 The word that the ULT translates as **arms** could: (1) refer to **arms** in which case you can follow the ULT’s translation. (2) refer to “hands.” Alternate translation: “His hands are”
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5:14 h4kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַּתַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ 1 **topaz** is a beautiful looking gem stone used in jewelry and to add decoration to other things. Bible scholars are not certain exactly what stone the word the ULT translates as **topaz** refers to. Many different stones have been proposed such as **topaz** chrysolite, beryl and others. If you have one of these types of stones in your area you could use it in your translation or you could use a general term Alternate translation: “with beautiful stones” or “with jewels”
|
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5:14 nl6y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָדָיו֙ גְּלִילֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב מְמֻלָּאִ֖ים בַּתַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **arms** to **rods of gold mounted with topaz**. The woman uses this comparison because **rods of gold** were powerful, had an attractive color, and had a finely rounded shape and **topaz** would have made the **rods of gold** even more nice to look at. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His arms are powerful, nicely rounded, and beautiful like rods of gold mounted with topaz”
|
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5:14 r9p1 יָדָיו֙ 1 The word that the ULT translates as **arms** could: (1) refer to **arms** in which case you can use the ULT’s translation as a model. (2) refer to “hands.” Alternate translation: “His hands are”
|
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5:14 h4kv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בַּתַּרְשִׁ֑ישׁ 1 **topaz** is a beautiful looking gem stone used in jewelry and also to add decoration to other things. Bible scholars are not certain exactly what stone the word the ULT translates as **topaz** refers to. Many different stones have been proposed such as **topaz**, chrysolite, beryl and others. If you have one of these types of stones in your area you could use it in your translation or you could use a general term. Alternate translation: “with beautiful stones” or “with jewels”
|
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5:14 bg51 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מֵעָיו֙ עֶ֣שֶׁת שֵׁ֔ן מְעֻלֶּ֖פֶת סַפִּירִֽים 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **belly** to **a plate of ivory covered with sapphires**. Both **ivory** and **sapphires** are very beautiful. By comparing the man’s **belly** **a plate of ivory covered with sapphires** she is saying that the man’s belly looks beautiful and is probably also trying to indicate the specialness or uniqueness of his appearance since **ivory** and **sapphires** were rare and costly. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “his belly is beautiful and precious” or “his belly is handsome”
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5:14 xnyk מֵעָיו֙ 1 Alternate translation: “his stomach is”
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5:14 k5ga rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שֵׁ֔ן 1 The word **ivory** refers to the tusks of a large animal called an elephant. **ivory** is a white color and is very beautiful and costly. If your readers would not be familiar with **ivory** you could explain this term in a footnote.
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5:14 ws92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown סַפִּירִֽים 1 **sapphires** are a beautiful blue gem stone. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of stone, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with blue gem stones” or “with beautiful blue gem stones”
|
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5:15 i1xz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שׁוֹקָיו֙ עַמּ֣וּדֵי שֵׁ֔שׁ מְיֻסָּדִ֖ים עַל־אַדְנֵי־פָ֑ז 1 Here, the woman compares the man’s **thighs** to **pillars of alabaster set on bases of gold**. The woman means that the man’s legs are strong and majestic looking like **pillars of alabaster set on bases of gold**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His thighs are strong and majestic like pillars of alabaster set on bases of gold”
|
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5:15 urlk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שׁוֹקָיו֙ 1 The word the ULT translates as **thighs** most likely refers to the entirety of a person’s legs so you could translate this term as **legs** as the UST does, if you desire.
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5:15 juu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שֵׁ֔שׁ 1 **alabaster** is a type of stone. The word translated as **alabaster** can refer to either **alabaster** or marble. Both **alabaster** and marble are types of strong stone that are nice looking and are used to make large columns, statues and other things. If your readers would not be familiar with one of these types of stone use the name of the other one. If they are not familiar with either you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “marble” or “stone”
|
||||
5:15 z75c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מַרְאֵ֨הוּ֙ כַּלְּבָנ֔וֹן בָּח֖וּר כָּאֲרָזִֽים 1 **Lebanon** was a beautiful mountainous region and the cedar trees that grew there were tall and strong and considered to be the best wood. The word **choice** here means “excellent quality” so the phrase **as choice as the cedars** means that the man is of excellent quality like the **cedars** in **Lebanon**. The point of this comparison is that the man is majestic like the mountainous, wooded area of **Lebanon** and is tall and strong and stately like the **cedars** there and similar to how the **cedars** are better than other trees so he is outstanding in comparison to other men. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain the point of this comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “His appearance is tall and strong and stately. He is outstanding among other men” or “His appearance is majestic. He is strong and tall and better than other men”
|
||||
5:15 juu1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown שֵׁ֔שׁ 1 The word translated as **alabaster** can refer to either **alabaster** or marble. Both **alabaster** and marble are types of strong stone that are nice looking and are used to make large columns, statues and other things. If your readers would not be familiar with one of these types of stone use the name of the other one. If they are not familiar with either you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “marble” or “stone”
|
||||
5:15 z75c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מַרְאֵ֨הוּ֙ כַּלְּבָנ֔וֹן בָּח֖וּר כָּאֲרָזִֽים 1 **Lebanon** was a beautiful mountainous region and the cedar trees that grew there were tall and strong and considered to be the best wood. The word **choice** here means “excellent quality” so the phrase **as choice as the cedars** means that the man is of excellent quality like the **cedars** in **Lebanon**. The point of this comparison is that the man is majestic like the mountainous, wooded area of **Lebanon** and is tall and strong and stately like the **cedars**. Also, similar to how the **cedars** are better than other trees so he is outstanding in comparison to other men. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain the point of this comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “His appearance is tall and strong and stately. He is outstanding among other men” or “His appearance is majestic. He is strong and tall and better than other men”
|
||||
5:16 sc8p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy חִכּוֹ֙ מַֽמְתַקִּ֔ים 1 Here, **mouth** could refer to: (1) the man’s kisses. Alternate translation: “His kisses are most sweet” (2) the man’s words. Alternate translation: “His speech is most sweet” or “The words from his mouth are most sweet”
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5:16 w3vr וְכֻלּ֖וֹ מַחֲמַדִּ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “and every part of him is very desirable”
|
||||
5:16 r6zc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם 1 See how you translated the phrase **daughters of Jerusalem** in [1:5](../01/05.md).
|
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@ -372,21 +370,21 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
|
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6:1 emy4 הַיָּפָ֖ה בַּנָּשִׁ֑ים 1 See how you translated the phrase **most beautiful woman among women** in [1:8](../01/08.md).
|
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6:1 pypx אָ֚נָה פָּנָ֣ה דוֹדֵ֔ךְ 1 Alternate translation: “Which way did your beloved go”
|
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6:1 ise2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis וּנְבַקְשֶׁ֖נּוּ עִמָּֽךְ 1 The women of Jerusalem are leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “tell us, so that we can seek him with you” or “tell us, and let us seek him with you”
|
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6:2 vrq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דּוֹדִי֙ יָרַ֣ד לְגַנּ֔וֹ לַעֲרוּג֖וֹת הַבֹּ֑שֶׂם לִרְעוֹת֙ בַּגַּנִּ֔ים וְלִלְקֹ֖ט שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 Here, the word **garden** and **gardens** both refer to the woman’s body. The woman is continuing to use the “garden” metaphor that was used in [4:12-5:1](../04/12.md) by again referring to her body as a **garden**. The phrase **graze in the gardens** and **glean lilies** are both metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body. If you used similes to translate [4:12-5:1](../04/12.md) you should continue to use similes here. Alternate translation: “My beloved went to me. I am like a garden where beds of spices grow. He came to me in order to enjoy my body like a gazelle enjoys grazing in gardens and like a person enjoys gleaning lilies”
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6:2 vrq9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דּוֹדִי֙ יָרַ֣ד לְגַנּ֔וֹ לַעֲרוּג֖וֹת הַבֹּ֑שֶׂם לִרְעוֹת֙ בַּגַּנִּ֔ים וְלִלְקֹ֖ט שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 Here, the word **garden** and **gardens** both refer to the woman’s body. The woman resumes the “garden” metaphor that was used in [4:12-5:1](../04/12.md) by again referring to her body as a **garden**. The phrase **graze in the gardens** and **glean lilies** are both metaphors for the man enjoying the woman’s body. If you used similes to translate [4:12-5:1](../04/12.md) you should continue to use similes here. Alternate translation: “My beloved went to me. I am like a garden where beds of spices grow. He came to me in order to enjoy my body like a gazelle enjoys grazing in gardens and like a person enjoys gleaning lilies”
|
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6:2 jgeu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit דּוֹדִי֙ יָרַ֣ד לְגַנּ֔וֹ לַעֲרוּג֖וֹת הַבֹּ֑שֶׂם 1 The phrase **to the beds of spices** explains where in the **garden** the man **went down to**. This phrase is not describing a separate location from the **garden** (woman). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “My beloved went down to the beds of spices in his garden” or “My beloved went to me who is like his spice garden”
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6:2 twm5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go יָרַ֣ד 1 Your language may say “gone” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “has gone down”
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6:2 pr3t לַעֲרוּג֖וֹת הַבֹּ֑שֶׂם 1 See how you translated the similar phrase **bed of spices** in [5:13](../05/13.md).
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6:2 uprg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּגַּנִּ֔ים 1 Here, the phrase **the gardens** refers to the woman just like the phrase **his garden** earlier in the verse does. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly by translating the phrase **the gardens** as “his gardens” or “his garden.” Alternate translation: “in his gardens” or “in his garden”
|
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6:3 lr7w אֲנִ֤י לְדוֹדִי֙ וְדוֹדִ֣י לִ֔י 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “My beloved belongs to me and I belong to him” in [2:16](../02/16.md).
|
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6:3 p4l4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor הָרֹעֶ֖ה בַּשׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים 1 See how you translated the similar phrase “the man grazing among the lilies” in [2:16](../02/16.md).
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6:4 xk88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile יָפָ֨ה אַ֤תְּ רַעְיָתִי֙ כְּתִרְצָ֔ה נָאוָ֖ה כִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם 1 The man is saying that the woman is **like** the city of **Tirzah** and **like** the city of **Jerusalem** because both of these cities were beautiful. These lines are parallel and both mean basically the same thing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the point of comparison explicitly. Alternately, you could combine the lines if it would help your readers. Alternate translation: “You are beautiful, my darling, like the beautiful city of Tirzah, lovely like the lovely city of Jerusalem” or “You are beautiful and lovely, my darling, like the cities of Tirzah and Jerusalem” \n
|
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6:4 xk88 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile יָפָ֨ה אַ֤תְּ רַעְיָתִי֙ כְּתִרְצָ֔ה נָאוָ֖ה כִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם 1 The man is saying that the woman is **like** the city of **Tirzah** and **like** the city of **Jerusalem** because both of these cities were beautiful. These lines are parallel and both mean basically the same thing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the point of comparison explicitly. Alternately, you could combine the lines if it would help your readers. Alternate translation: “You are beautiful, my darling, like the beautiful city of Tirzah, lovely like the lovely city of Jerusalem” or “You are beautiful and lovely, my darling, like the cities of Tirzah and Jerusalem”\n
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6:4 bbrm יָפָ֨ה אַ֤תְּ רַעְיָתִי֙ 1 See how you translated the phrase “you are beautiful, my darling” in [1:15](../01/15.md).
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6:4 qymv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure יָפָ֨ה אַ֤תְּ רַעְיָתִי֙ כְּתִרְצָ֔ה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My darling, you are beautiful like Tirzah”
|
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6:4 rjr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis נָאוָ֖ה כִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 The man is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If your readers might misunderstand this, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “you are lovely like Jerusalem, you are awe-inspiring like bannered armies”
|
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6:4 ydky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 The man is saying that the woman is **awe-inspiring like bannered armies** because looking at her causes the man to feel a sense of awe that is comparable to seeing an army with its banners above it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the awe I feel when looking at you is like the awe I would feel if I saw armies with their banners” or “and the awe I feel when looking at you is like the awe I feel when I see armies with their banners above them”
|
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6:4 ydky rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 The man is saying that the woman is **awe-inspiring like bannered armies** because looking at her causes the man to feel a sense of awe that is comparable to seeing an army with its banners above it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the awe I feel when looking at you is like the awe I would feel if I were to see armies with their banners” or “and the awe I feel when looking at you is like the awe I feel when I see armies with their banners above them”
|
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6:4 v9dx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 See how you translated the term **banner** in [2:4](../02/04.md).
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6:5 lbz1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שַׂעְרֵךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽעִזִּ֔ים שֶׁגָּלְשׁ֖וּ מִן־הַגִּלְעָֽד 1 See how you translated the similar sentence “Your hair is like a flock of goats that hop down from the slopes of Gilead” in [4:1](../04/01.md).
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6:6 lxi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׁנַּ֨יִךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽרְחֵלִ֔ים שֶׁעָל֖וּ מִן־הָרַחְצָ֑ה שֶׁכֻּלָּם֙ מַתְאִימ֔וֹת וְשַׁכֻּלָ֖ה אֵ֥ין בָּהֶֽם 1 See how you translated the almost identical verse in [4:2](../04/02.md). The only difference between this verse and 4:2 is that 4:2 has the phrase “shorn sheep” and this verse has **ewes** instead.
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6:6 lxi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׁנַּ֨יִךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽרְחֵלִ֔ים שֶׁעָל֖וּ מִן־הָרַחְצָ֑ה שֶׁכֻּלָּם֙ מַתְאִימ֔וֹת וְשַׁכֻּלָ֖ה אֵ֥ין בָּהֶֽם 1 See how you translated the almost identical verse in [4:2](../04/02.md). The only difference between this verse and 4:2 is that 4:2 has the phrase “shorn sheep” instead of **ewes**.
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6:6 j7se rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָֽרְחֵלִ֔ים 1 The term **ewes** refers to female sheep. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly what the term **ewes** refers to. Alternate translation: “female sheep”
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6:7 zid1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כְּפֶ֤לַח הָרִמּוֹן֙ רַקָּתֵ֔ךְ מִבַּ֖עַד לְצַמָּתֵֽךְ 1 See how you translated [4:3](../04/03.md) which is identical to this verse.
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6:8-9 v080 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שִׁשִּׁ֥ים הֵ֨מָּה֙ מְּלָכ֔וֹת וּשְׁמֹנִ֖ים פִּֽילַגְשִׁ֑ים וַעֲלָמ֖וֹת אֵ֥ין מִסְפָּֽר & אַחַ֥ת הִיא֙ יוֹנָתִ֣י תַמָּתִ֔י אַחַ֥ת הִיא֙ לְאִמָּ֔הּ בָּרָ֥ה הִ֖יא לְיֽוֹלַדְתָּ֑הּ 1 This is a comparison that expresses that the woman is superior to women in a king’s royal court. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could add words that explicitly indicate that this is a comparison. Alternate translation: “When compared to sixty queens, and eighty concubines and marriageable women without number, none of them are as special as my dove; my perfect one who is special to her mother and pure to the woman who bore her” or “Even if compared to sixty queens, and eighty concubines and marriageable women without number, still none of them would be as special as my dove; my perfect one who is special to her mother and pure to the woman who bore her”
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@ -403,18 +401,21 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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6:10 waey rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo מִי־זֹ֥את הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר יָפָ֣ה כַלְּבָנָ֗ה בָּרָה֙ כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate explicitly who is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking the speaker or speakers could be: (1) the man speaking to the woman he loves. If you are using section headers you can follow the example of the UST and include this verse under the section heading for 6:4-10 that indicates the man is speaking. (2) the **daughters** and the **queens** and **concubines** mentioned in the previous verse. If you are using section headers you can use a phrase for the section header such as “The daughters, the queens, and the concubines praise the woman” or “The other women praise the woman” or something comparable.
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6:10 g6e9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִי־זֹ֥את הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר יָפָ֣ה כַלְּבָנָ֗ה בָּרָה֙ כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 The man is not asking for information, but is using the question form for emphasis. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Look at this woman who looks down like {the} dawn, beautiful like the moon, pure like the sun, terrifying like the bannered army!”
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6:10 qk20 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר 1 Here, the man speaks of the sun as it dawns in the morning and shines down on the earth as though it were a person who could look down on the earth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the woman who shines like the sun as it rises early in the morning and brightens the sky” or “the woman who shines like the sun as it rises early in the morning and shines down from the sky”
|
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6:10 y3dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר יָפָ֣ה כַלְּבָנָ֗ה בָּרָה֙ כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה 1 The man is comparing the woman to the sun in the morning as it dawns and is comparing the woman’s beauty to the beauty of **the moon** and is comparing the woman’s radiance to the radiance of **the sun**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of these comparisons as modeled by the UST.
|
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6:10 y3dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה כְּמוֹ־שָׁ֑חַר יָפָ֣ה כַלְּבָנָ֗ה בָּרָה֙ כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה 1 Here, the man first compares the woman to the sun in the morning as it dawns. He then compares the woman’s beauty to the beauty of **the moon**. He then compares the woman’s radiance to the radiance of **the sun**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of these comparisons as modeled by the UST.
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6:10 vb8c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile אֲיֻמָּ֖ה כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת 1 See how you translated the identical phrase “awe-inspiring like bannered armies” in [6:4](../06/04.md).
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6:11 j2z8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶל־גִּנַּ֤ת אֱגוֹז֙ יָרַ֔דְתִּי 1 The speaker is using the possessive form to describe an area where walnut trees grew. If this is not clear in your language, you could clarify the relationship for your readers. Alternate translation: “To the the nut tree garden I went went down” or “To the place where walnut trees grow I went down”
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6:11 bfm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure אֶל־גִּנַּ֤ת אֱגוֹז֙ יָרַ֔דְתִּי 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “I went down to the garden of the nut tree”
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6:11 ggi1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go יָרַ֔דְתִּי 1 Your language may say “gone” rather than **went** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “I had gone down”
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6:12 lt9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile I was so happy that I felt I was riding in the chariot of a prince 0 The man uses this image to express how happy he is.
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6:12 lt9y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי 1 Here, the phrase ** I did not know** is an idiom meaning “.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “”
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6:12 vhtx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom נַפְשִׁ֣י שָׂמַ֔תְנִי 1
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6:12 krcw מַרְכְּב֖וֹת עַמִּי־נָדִֽיב 1
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6:13 u681 0 # General Information:\n\nThis is 7:1, the first verse of chapter seven, in some versions. The ULT understands this to be the friends and the woman talking to each other. Some versions understand this to be the man speaking to the woman.
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6:13 sbsq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הַשּׁ֣וּלַמִּ֔ית…בַּשּׁ֣וּלַמִּ֔ית 1 The word translated as **Shulammite**: (1) could refer to someone from the town of Shulam. Alternate translation: “woman from Shulam … at the woman from Shulam” (2) means
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6:13 sm5j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns Turn back … gaze on you 0 Possible meanings here are: (1) the friends are speaking to the woman or (2) the man is referring to himself in plural.
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6:13 x9hk Turn back, turn back 0 “Come back, come back.” This is repeated for emphasis.
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6:13 za54 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns we may gaze 0 Some versions understand the plural to refer to the man speaking of himself. Alternate translation: “I may gaze”
|
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6:13 c258 gaze 0 look intently for a long time
|
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6:13 e2bm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns Why do you gaze on the perfect woman … armies 0 Possible meanings here are: (1) the woman refers to herself as another person and is speaking to the friends or (2) the woman is speaking to the man as if he were many men.
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6:13 jl0j rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שׁ֤וּבִי שׁ֨וּבִי֙ הַשּׁ֣וּלַמִּ֔ית שׁ֥וּבִי שׁ֖וּבִי וְנֶחֱזֶה־בָּ֑ךְ 1 Here, the word **return** is repeated for emphasis. This is a common feature of Hebrew poetry and it would be good to show it to your readers. However, if repeating a word would be confusing to your readers you can combine the repeated words. Alternate translation: “Return Shulammite, return and let us look at you” or “Please return Shulammite, and let us look at you
|
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6:13 rd4z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּמְחֹלַ֖ת הַֽמַּחֲנָֽיִם 1 The point of this comparison is that , . If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “”
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7:intro hqv7 0 # Song of Songs 7 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Beauty\n\nThe woman is described as the epitome of beauty in ancient Israel. Not all cultures share the same the same standards of beauty.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Similes\n\nThere are many similes in this chapter. Their purpose is to describe the beauty of the woman. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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7:1 z7jk 0 # General Information:\n\nThis is 7:2, the second verse of chapter seven, in some versions.
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7:1 k8va prince’s daughter 0 Another possible interpretation is “you who have a noble character.”
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Reference in New Issue