Update abstract noun notes in OT (#2436)

Co-authored-by: Larry Sallee <larry.sallee@unfoldingword.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2436

en_tn_03-LEV.tsv

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ LEV	4	18	xn3f			0	horns of the altar	This refers to the corners of the altar. Th
 LEV	4	18	ni6l			0	he will pour out all the blood	Alternate translation: “he will pour out the rest of the blood”
 LEV	4	19	t3pe			0	all the fat from it and burn it	Alternate translation: “all the fat from the bull and burn the fat”
 LEV	4	20	k2wc			0	he must do	Alternate translation: “the priest must do”
-LEV	4	20	t3ph	figs-abstractnouns		0	the priest will make atonement for the people	The abstract noun “atonement” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the priest will atone for the people’s sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+LEV	4	20	t3ph	figs-abstractnouns		0	the priest will make atonement for the people	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **atonement**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the priest will atone for the people’s sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 LEV	4	20	jd5j	figs-activepassive		0	they will be forgiven	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 LEV	4	22	xg1v	figs-activepassive		0	God has commanded not to be done	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has commanded the people not to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 LEV	4	23	g4fd	figs-activepassive		0	then his sin which he has committed is made known to him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “then he realizes that he has sinned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

en_tn_09-1SA.tsv

@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 1SA	16	18	bp1w			0	one prudent in speech	Alternate translation: “one wise in speech” or “one who speaks wisely”
 1SA	16	18	l27k	figs-idiom		0	Yahweh is with him	Here “with him” means Yahweh helps and blesses David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 1SA	16	21	g496	figs-go		0	David came to Saul	Here “came” can be translated as “went.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
-1SA	16	21	i2aj	figs-abstractnouns		0	entered his service	The abstract noun “service” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “began to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+1SA	16	21	i2aj	figs-abstractnouns		0	entered his service	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **service**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “began to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 1SA	16	21	pq6t			0	he became his armor bearer	Alternate translation: “David became Saul’s armor bearer”
 1SA	16	22	mk1a	figs-idiom		0	Let David stand before me	Here “stand before me” is an idiom that means to continue in Saul’s service. Alternate translation: “Let David stay in my service” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 1SA	16	22	b5l4	figs-metonymy		0	he has found favor in my eyes	Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and “my sight” represents how Saul judges or evaluates David. Alternate translation: “he has found favor in my judgment” or “I am pleased with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

en_tn_10-2SA.tsv

@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2SA	9	1	cy22			0	Jonathan’s sake	Jonathan was Saul’s son and David’s best friend.
 2SA	9	2	id7a	translate-names		0	Ziba	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 2SA	9	2	ura2			0	I am your servant	Ziba calls himself “your servant” to show great respect to David.
-2SA	9	3	j5la			0	I may show the kindness of God	The abstract noun “kindness” can be stated as “kind.” Alternate translation: “I may be kind as I promised God I would be”
+2SA	9	3	j5la			0	I may show the kindness of God	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **kindness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “kind.” Alternate translation: “I may be kind as I promised God I would be”
 2SA	9	3	u7ba	figs-metonymy		0	who is lame in his feet	“whose feet are damaged.” The word “feet” here refers to the ability to walk. Alternate translation: “who is unable to walk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 2SA	9	4	ee6a	translate-names		0	Machir … Ammiel	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 2SA	9	4	st1r	translate-names		0	Lo Debar	This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

en_tn_11-1KI.tsv

@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 1KI	3	4	hhq1			0	the great high place	Alternate translation: “the most famous place for makings sacrifices” or “the most important altar”
 1KI	3	5	f1km			0	Ask! What should I give you?	Alternate translation: “Ask me for whatever you want and I will give it to you.” or “What do you want? Ask and I will give it to you.”
 1KI	3	6	e1uh			0	General Information:	Solomon responds to God’s question.
-1KI	3	6	ii4s	figs-abstractnouns		0	You have shown great covenant faithfulness to your servant	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You have been very faithful to your covenant with your servant” or “You have greatly and faithfully loved your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+1KI	3	6	ii4s	figs-abstractnouns		0	You have shown great covenant faithfulness to your servant	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You have been very faithful to your covenant with your servant” or “You have greatly and faithfully loved your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 1KI	3	6	kyk6	figs-metaphor		0	because he walked before you in trustworthiness, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart	Walking is a metaphor for the way one lives. The abstract nouns “trustworthiness,” “righteousness,” and “uprightness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “because he was trustworthy and righteous, and his heart was upright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 1KI	3	6	c77h	figs-metaphor		0	in uprightness of heart	A sincere person is spoken of as one whose heart is upright. Alternate translation: “he was sincere” or “he spoke the truth and did what was good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 1KI	3	6	tyy2	figs-pronouns		0	have given him a son	The “son” is Solomon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 1KI	8	20	n57n	figs-metonymy		0	for the name of Yahweh	The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “in which people will worship Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 1KI	8	21	ts1y	figs-metonymy		0	is Yahweh’s covenant, which	The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate translation: “are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 1KI	8	22	p4j2			0	all the assembly of Israel	Alternate translation: “all the people of Israel who were gathered there”
-1KI	8	23	zb47	figs-abstractnouns		0	who keeps his covenant faithfulness with your servants	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “who faithfully loves your servants” or “who is faithful to your covenant with your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+1KI	8	23	zb47	figs-abstractnouns		0	who keeps his covenant faithfulness with your servants	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “who faithfully loves your servants” or “who is faithful to your covenant with your servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 1KI	8	23	vza1	figs-metaphor		0	walk before you with all their heart	The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live wholeheartedly the way that you want them to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 1KI	8	24	zl94	figs-metonymy		0	fulfilled it with your hand	The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate translation: “by your power fulfilled what you said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 1KI	8	25	u5vi	figs-metonymy		0	to sit on the throne of Israel	The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “to rule over Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

en_tn_12-2KI.tsv

@@ -1267,7 +1267,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2KI	21	14	nm49	figs-synecdoche		0	give them into the hand of their enemies	Here the “hand” of the enemies refers to their enemies’ control. Alternate translation: “let their enemies defeat them and take over their land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 2KI	21	16	db4v			0	Moreover, Manasseh	Alternate translation: “Also, Manasseh” or “In addition, Manasseh”
 2KI	21	16	f4ns	figs-metonymy		0	Manasseh shed much innocent blood	The words “shed much innocent blood” are a metonym for killing people violently. It might be best to translate this so the reader understands that other people helped Manasseh do this. Alternate translation: “Manasseh ordered his soldiers to kill many innocent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-2KI	21	16	sx9u	figs-hyperbole		0	he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another with death	This hyperbole emphasizes the great number of people Manasseh had killed throughout Jerusalem. The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “dead people.” Alternate translation: “there were very many dead people throughout Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2KI	21	16	sx9u	figs-hyperbole		0	he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another with death	This hyperbole emphasizes the great number of people Manasseh had killed throughout Jerusalem. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “dead people.” Alternate translation: “there were very many dead people throughout Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2KI	21	16	ff48	figs-metaphor		0	what was evil in the sight of Yahweh	The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in [2 Kings 3:2](../03/02.md). Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considers to be evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 2KI	21	17	ce1p	figs-activepassive		0	are they not written … Judah?	This can be expressed in active form and assumes that the answer is positive. The question is rhetorical and is used for emphasis. See how this phrase is translated in [2 Kings 8:23](../08/23.md). Alternate translation: “they are written … Judah.” or “you can find them … Judah.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 2KI	21	18	i542	figs-euphemism		0	slept with his ancestors and	This is a polite way of saying he “died, as his ancestors had, and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])

en_tn_13-1CH.tsv

@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 1CH	16	32	erj7	figs-explicit		0	that which fills it shout with joy	The implied information is that this refers to all the creatures living in the sea. They are spoken of as if they should shout with joy like people might do. Alternate translation: “the sea creatures shout joyfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 1CH	16	32	wzv5	figs-personification		0	Let the fields be joyful, and all that is in them	“Let the fields and all that is in them be joyful.” The author speaks as if the fields and the animals that live in them have emotions like people. Alternate translation: “Let it be as if the fields themselves and all the animals that live in them are rejoicing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 1CH	16	33	y73k	figs-personification		0	let the trees in the forest shout for joy	This speaks about the trees as if they were people who could shout for joy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-1CH	16	34	x1rs	figs-abstractnouns		0	for his covenant faithfulness endures forever	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “for he faithfully loves us forever” or “for he is faithful to his covenant forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+1CH	16	34	x1rs	figs-abstractnouns		0	for his covenant faithfulness endures forever	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “for he faithfully loves us forever” or “for he is faithful to his covenant forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 1CH	16	35	f9i7	figs-metonymy		0	from the other nations	Here “the other nations” represents the people in those nations. Alternate translation: “from the people of other nations” or “from the armies of other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 1CH	16	35	d411	figs-metonymy		0	give thanks to your holy name	Here Yahweh is referred to by his “holy name.” Alternate translation: “give thanks to you” or “give thanks to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 1CH	16	36	b74g	figs-merism		0	from everlasting to everlasting	This refers to two extremes and means for all time. Alternate translation: “for all eternity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

en_tn_14-2CH.tsv

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	1	6	cal1			0	went up there	Alternate translation: “went up to the high place at Gibeon”
 2CH	1	6	ptf1	translate-numbers		0	one thousand	“1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 2CH	1	7	jhc5			0	Ask! What should I give you?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Ask for whatever you want from me.”
-2CH	1	8	l8pa	figs-abstractnouns		0	You have shown great covenant faithfulness to David	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “You have greatly and faithfully loved David” or “You have been very faithful to David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	1	8	l8pa	figs-abstractnouns		0	You have shown great covenant faithfulness to David	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “You have greatly and faithfully loved David” or “You have been very faithful to David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	1	9	y1bm			0	Now	Here the word “Now” is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
 2CH	1	9	p4wp	figs-activepassive		0	let your promise to David my father be carried out	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “please do what you promised to David my father that you would do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 2CH	1	9	ur26	figs-simile		0	a people as numerous as the dust of the earth	This simile emphasizes the great number of Israelites. Alternate translation: “countless people” or “very many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	2	10	v169			0	ground wheat	Alternate translation: “wheat flour”
 2CH	2	10	wk75	translate-bvolume		0	twenty thousand baths	A bath is 22 liters. Twenty thousand baths equals 440 kiloliters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
 2CH	2	12	yb7r	figs-abstractnouns		0	gifted with prudence and understanding	This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns “prudence” and “understanding.” Alternate translation: “who is very intelligent and understands many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-2CH	2	13	m162	figs-abstractnouns		0	gifted with understanding	The abstract noun “understanding” can be stated as “understands” or “wise.” Alternate translation: “who understand many things” or “who is very wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	2	13	m162	figs-abstractnouns		0	gifted with understanding	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **understanding**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “understands” or “wise.” Alternate translation: “who understand many things” or “who is very wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	2	13	b5gt	translate-names		0	Huram-Abi	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 2CH	2	14	w9mh			0	He is skilled at work in gold … crimson wool	Translate many of these words as you did in [2 Chronicles 2:7](../02/07.md).
 2CH	2	14	k19k			0	fine linen	Alternate translation: “high quality cloth” or “the best cloth”
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	5	12	uu2u	translate-numbers		0	120 priests	“one hundred and twenty priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 2CH	5	13	hzq8	figs-activepassive		0	making one sound to be heard for praising and thanking Yahweh	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “making one sound as they praised and thanked Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 2CH	5	13	m6zc	figs-idiom		0	raised their voices	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “sang loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-2CH	5	13	h8ri	figs-abstractnouns		0	for his covenant loyalty endures forever	The abstract noun “covenant loyalty” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “for he is faithful forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	5	13	h8ri	figs-abstractnouns		0	for his covenant loyalty endures forever	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **covenant loyalty**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “for he is faithful forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	5	13	eju9	figs-activepassive		0	Then the house, the house of Yahweh, was filled with a cloud	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Then a cloud filled the house of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 2CH	6	intro	j414			0		# 2 Chronicles 6 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of King Solomon continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Temple dedication<br>Solomon dedicated the temple with a prayer asking God to honor the temple. It was common to dedicate something important to God when it was completed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])
 2CH	6	1	q2mk	figs-123person		0	Yahweh has said that he	Solomon speaks to Yahweh as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you have said that you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	7	5	lkm9	translate-numbers		0	120,000 sheep and goats	“one hundred and twenty thousand sheep and goats” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
 2CH	7	6	f3sl			0	each standing where they serve	Alternate translation: “each standing in their appointed place”
 2CH	7	6	k3sl	figs-ellipsis		0	the Levites also with instruments of music of Yahweh	The word “stood” is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: the Levites also stood with instruments of music of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-2CH	7	6	j2mb	figs-abstractnouns		0	For his covenant faithfulness endures for ever	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [2 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). Alternate translation: “God will always be faithful to his covenant with us” or “God will always faithfully love us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	7	6	j2mb	figs-abstractnouns		0	For his covenant faithfulness endures for ever	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [2 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). Alternate translation: “God will always be faithful to his covenant with us” or “God will always faithfully love us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	7	6	q9x6	figs-hyperbole		0	all Israel	This generalization refers to those who were at the feast in Jerusalem, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 2CH	7	7	q42r	figs-metonymy		0	the bronze altar that he had made	The author speaks of Solomon commanding someone to make the bronze altar and telling him how to do it as if Solomon himself had made it. Alternate translation: “the bronze altar that he had commanded someone to make” or “the bronze altar that he had caused to be made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 2CH	7	7	i9gh	figs-explicit		0	was not able to hold the burnt offerings, the grain offerings, and the fat	This was because there were so many offerings. Alternate translation: “was not able to hold the large amount of burnt offerings, grain offerings, and fat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	20	20	kt3f	translate-names		0	Tekoa	Translate the name of this city the same as in [2 Chronicles 11:6](../11/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 2CH	20	20	d9i5	figs-activepassive		0	you will be supported	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he will support you” or “he will help you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 2CH	20	20	hu6r			0	Trust in his prophets, and you will succeed	Alternate translation: “If you trust in Yahweh’s prophets, then you will succeed”
-2CH	20	21	tx3k	figs-abstractnouns		0	his covenant faithfulness endures forever	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [2 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). Alternate translation: “he faithfully loves us forever” or “he is always faithful to his covenant with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	20	21	tx3k	figs-abstractnouns		0	his covenant faithfulness endures forever	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [2 Chronicles 7:3](../07/03.md). Alternate translation: “he faithfully loves us forever” or “he is always faithful to his covenant with us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	20	22	v52l	figs-ellipsis		0	to sing and to praise	They were singing to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to sing and to praise Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 2CH	20	22	pe93	figs-explicit		0	Yahweh set men	This means that Yahweh caused some of the enemy soldiers to ambush other enemy soldiers. Alternate translation: “Yahweh set some enemy soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 2CH	20	22	evi9			0	ambush	a surprise attack
@@ -1516,7 +1516,7 @@ Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNo
 2CH	31	21	xn3s	figs-metaphor		0	to seek his God	Seeking Yahweh represents choosing to know, worship, and obey him. Alternate translation: “to obey his God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 2CH	31	21	hpa7	figs-metonymy		0	he performed it with all his heart	Here the word “heart” refers to a person’s will and desire. Alternate translation: “he performed it with all his will” or “he was completely committed to what he did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 2CH	32	intro	abcw			0		# 2 Chronicles 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The story of King Hezekiah is completed in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Trust in Yahweh<br>Because Hezekiah trusted God, God rescued Jerusalem from the attacked of the Assyrian army and healed Hezekiah when he was very sick. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])
-2CH	32	1	cr8m	figs-abstractnouns		0	After these things and these acts of faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “After Hezekiah faithfully did all the things Yahweh commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+2CH	32	1	cr8m	figs-abstractnouns		0	After these things and these acts of faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “After Hezekiah faithfully did all the things Yahweh commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 2CH	32	1	kg14	figs-synecdoche		0	Sennacherib, king of Assyria, came … He camped	Here Sennacherib represents his army. Alternate translation: “Sennacherib, king of Assyria, and his army came … They camped” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 2CH	32	1	ql5r	figs-go		0	came and entered Judah	Here “came” can be stated as “went.” Alternate translation: “went and entered Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
 2CH	32	2	cc6u	figs-synecdoche		0	that Sennacherib had come and that he intended	Here Sennacherib also represents his army. Alternate translation: “that Sennacherib and his army had come and that they intended” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])

en_tn_18-JOB.tsv

@@ -2051,7 +2051,7 @@ JOB	37	10	dc5f	figs-simile		0	frozen like metal	Elihu compares the hardness of i
 JOB	37	11	gl6n	figs-metaphor		0	he weighs down the thick cloud with moisture	Elihu speaks of God causing the storm clouds to be full of water as if the moisture weighed heavily on the clouds. Alternate translation: “he causes the thick clouds to be full of moisture” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JOB	37	13	it32	figs-abstractnouns		0	sometimes it happens for correction	The word “correction” can be translated with a verbal phrase. The object of his “correction” is people. Alternate translation: “sometimes it happens to correct his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 JOB	37	13	mjf4	figs-explicit		0	sometimes for his land	This means that the rain waters the ground and causes vegetation to grow. Alternate translation: “sometimes to water the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-JOB	37	13	uep4	figs-abstractnouns		0	sometimes as acts of covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “sometimes to act faithfully to his covenant” or “sometimes to be faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JOB	37	13	uep4	figs-abstractnouns		0	sometimes as acts of covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “sometimes to act faithfully to his covenant” or “sometimes to be faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JOB	37	15	ch2b	figs-rquestion		0	Do you know how God establishes the clouds and makes the lightning bolts to flash in them?	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job cannot know this. Alternate translation: “You cannot understand how God establishes the clouds and makes the lightning bolts to flash in them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 JOB	37	15	cbz2			0	establishes the clouds	Alternate translation: “controls the clouds” or “makes the clouds obey him”
 JOB	37	16	w6jd	figs-rquestion		0	Do you understand the floating of the clouds, the marvelous deeds of God, who is perfect in knowledge?	Elihu asks this question to emphasize that Job does not know these things. Alternate translation: “You do not understand the floating of the clouds, the marvelous deeds of God, who is perfect in knowledge.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -2343,7 +2343,7 @@ JOB	39	26	rx7s	figs-metonymy		0	stretches out his wings for the south	Here the s
 JOB	39	26	ckg8			0	for the south	In the biblical geography, birds fly south during the winter in order to live in warmer climates.
 JOB	39	27	bv18			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to challenge Job.
 JOB	39	27	qk6s	figs-rquestion		0	Is it at your orders … nest in high places?	Yahweh uses this question to prove that Job is not powerful enough to command the eagles. The implicit answer to this question is “no.” Alternate translation: “You are not able to command the eagle to mount up and build his nest in high places.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-JOB	39	27	cd7k	figs-abstractnouns		0	at your orders	The abstract noun “orders” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because you tell it to do so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JOB	39	27	cd7k	figs-abstractnouns		0	at your orders	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **orders**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “because you tell it to do so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JOB	39	27	cz3r	figs-idiom		0	mounts up	This means he flies upward. Alternate translation: “flies up into the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 JOB	39	28	u8qm			0	a stronghold	The high cliffs are strongholds for eagles because the animals that would want to eat them cannot reach them.
 JOB	39	29	ps15			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to challenge Job.

en_tn_19-PSA.tsv

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ PSA	2	3	xw9h	figs-metaphor		0	Let us tear off the shackles … throw off their c
 PSA	2	4	e8l8			0	He … the Lord	These phrases refer to Yahweh. Yahweh is often called “the Lord” but the words for “Yahweh” and “the Lord” are different.
 PSA	2	4	t9zx	figs-explicit		0	sits in the heavens	Here sitting represents ruling. What he sits on can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “rules in the heavens” or “sits on his throne in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	2	4	zyd3	figs-explicit		0	the Lord mocks them	“the Lord mocks those people.” Why he mocks them can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The Lord mocks them for their foolish plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-PSA	2	5	z631	figs-abstractnouns		0	terrify them in his rage	The abstract noun “rage” can be stated as “furious.” Alternate translation: “he will be furious and terrify them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	2	5	z631	figs-abstractnouns		0	terrify them in his rage	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rage**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “furious.” Alternate translation: “he will be furious and terrify them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	2	5	jjb4			0	terrify	greatly frighten
 PSA	2	6	emc4			0	I myself	Yahweh is emphasizing that he, and not someone else, has anointed his king.
 PSA	2	6	v3q9			0	anointed my king	Alternate translation: “appointed my king to rule”
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ PSA	4	4	api1	figs-explicit		0	Tremble in fear	The relationship between “trembl
 PSA	4	4	u9p9			0	Tremble	shake from fear
 PSA	4	4	l67w	figs-metonymy		0	Meditate in your heart	The heart represents a person’s thoughts. Thinking carefully is spoken of as meditating in one’s heart. Alternate translation: “Think carefully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	4	5	h8tj			0	Offer the sacrifices of righteousness	Alternate translation: “Offer the right sacrifices”
-PSA	4	5	ul9j	figs-metaphor		0	put your trust in Yahweh	Here “trust” is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put somewhere. The abstract noun “trust” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “trust in Yahweh” or “trust Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	4	5	ul9j	figs-metaphor		0	put your trust in Yahweh	Here “trust” is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put somewhere. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **trust**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “trust in Yahweh” or “trust Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	4	6	k53m	figs-rquestion		0	Who will show us anything good?	This question is used either to ask for something or to express a wish about something that has not happened. Alternate translation: “Please show us something good!” or “We wish someone would show us something good!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	4	6	uvl3	figs-metonymy		0	Who will show us anything good?	This could mean: (1) showing something good represents bringing good things. Alternate translation: “Who will bring good things to us?” or (2) showing something good represents saying that good things have happened. Alternate translation: “Who will say that anything good has happened?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	4	6	stu3	figs-metaphor		0	lift up the light of your face on us	The writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably towards them as if Yahweh’s face shone a light on them. Alternate translation: “act favorably towards us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	4	7	v4vs	figs-synecdoche		0	You have given my heart more gladness	The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: “You have given me more gladness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	4	7	b9ht	figs-metaphor		0	You have given my heart more gladness than others have	Here “gladness” is spoken of as if it is an object that can be given. The abstract noun “gladness” can be stated as “glad.” Alternate translation: “You have made me more glad than others are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	4	7	b9ht	figs-metaphor		0	You have given my heart more gladness than others have	Here “gladness” is spoken of as if it is an object that can be given. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **gladness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “glad.” Alternate translation: “You have made me more glad than others are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	4	7	izx5	figs-metonymy		0	when their grain and new wine abound	“New wine” may represent grapes. Alternate translation: “when they reap plentiful harvests of grain and grapes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	4	8	b57u	figs-metaphor		0	It is in peace that I will lie down and sleep	Peace is spoken of as if it were a place. This can be restated to remove the abstract noun “peace.” Alternate translation: “I will be peaceful when I lie down and sleep” or “I will not be afraid of danger when I lie down and sleep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	4	8	p2ce	figs-doublet		0	make me safe and secure	The words “safe” and “secure” mean basically the same thing and emphasize complete safety. Alternate translation: “make me completely safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ PSA	18	15	a125	figs-personification		0	at the blast of the breath of your nostri
 PSA	18	16	m4pi			0	He reached down … he took hold … He pulled me	The word “He” in these verses refers to Yahweh.
 PSA	18	16	kef1	figs-metaphor		0	surging water	Here the Psalmist speaks of the dangers of his enemies as if they were huge waves or forceful waters, from which Yahweh has rescued him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	18	18	eej1			0	They came against me	Here “They” refers to the strong enemies in verse 17.
-PSA	18	18	s1sk	figs-abstractnouns		0	They came against me on the day of my distress but Yahweh was my support	The abstract noun “distress” can be stated as an adjective. The abstract noun “support” can be stated as “protected.” Alternate translation: “Strong enemies attacked me on a day when I was distressed, but Yahweh protected me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	18	18	s1sk	figs-abstractnouns		0	They came against me on the day of my distress but Yahweh was my support	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **distress” can be stated as an adjective. The abstract noun “support**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “protected.” Alternate translation: “Strong enemies attacked me on a day when I was distressed, but Yahweh protected me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	18	20	a3vx	figs-metonymy		0	my hands were clean	Here having clean hands represents being innocent of wrongdoing. Alternate translation: “I was innocent” or “my actions were right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	18	21	y3m6	figs-metaphor		0	I have kept the ways of Yahweh	The laws of Yahweh are spoken of as if they were the paths on which one should walk. Alternate translation: “I have obeyed Yahweh’s laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	18	21	tu8a	figs-metaphor		0	have not wickedly turned away from my God	Here being wicked is spoken of as if one left the right path and took the wrong path. Alternate translation: “have not done wickedly by turning away from my God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -549,8 +549,8 @@ PSA	20	2	y51h	figs-doublet		0	holy place … Zion	Both of these refer to God’s
 PSA	20	3	yz44	figs-idiom		0	May he call to mind	The phrase “call to mind” is a way of saying “remember.” It does not mean God forgot. It means to consider or think about. Alternate translation: “May he remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	20	3	kyh3			0	May he	The word “he” refers to Yahweh.
 PSA	20	4	r6y3			0	May he grant	Alternate translation: “May he give”
-PSA	20	4	wht8	figs-synecdoche		0	your heart’s desire	Here “heart” stands for the entire person. The abstract noun “desire” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “what you desire” or “what you want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	20	4	u619	figs-abstractnouns		0	fulfill all your plans	The abstract noun “plans” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “may he help you to accomplish everything that you plan to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	20	4	wht8	figs-synecdoche		0	your heart’s desire	Here “heart” stands for the entire person. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desire**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “what you desire” or “what you want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	20	4	u619	figs-abstractnouns		0	fulfill all your plans	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **plans**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “may he help you to accomplish everything that you plan to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	20	5	h4h3	figs-exclusive		0	we will rejoice in your victory	Here “we” refers to the people. They will rejoice in the king’s victory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 PSA	20	5	bw3j	figs-metonymy		0	in the name of our God	Here “name” represents honor or reputation. Alternate translation: “in honor of our God” or “for the reputation of our God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	20	5	p9n1	translate-symaction		0	we will raise banners	“we will raise victory flags.” They would do this to show that they were praising God because he gave their king victory over his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
@@ -574,14 +574,14 @@ PSA	21	1	k12k	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in He
 PSA	21	1	h69b			0	For the chief musician	Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship.”
 PSA	21	1	bt8s			0	in your strength, Yahweh	It is implied that this is strength Yahweh has given the king to defeat his enemies. Alternate translation: because you, Yahweh, have made him strong enough to defeat his enemies”
 PSA	21	1	bka2			0	How greatly he rejoices	Alternate translation: “He rejoices greatly”
-PSA	21	1	r5nd	figs-explicit		0	in the salvation you provide	It is implied that God has saved the king from his enemies. The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because you have saved him from his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	21	1	r5nd	figs-explicit		0	in the salvation you provide	It is implied that God has saved the king from his enemies. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “because you have saved him from his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	21	2	cey2	figs-synecdoche		0	his heart’s desire	“his heart’s wish.” Here “heart” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “his desire” or “what he wished for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	21	2	gez6	figs-doublenegatives		0	have not held back	“have not refused him.” This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you have given him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 PSA	21	2	f8dh	figs-synecdoche		0	the request of his lips	Here “lips” stands for the whole person. Alternate translation: “his request” or “what he requested of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	21	3	q3ts	figs-abstractnouns		0	you bring him rich blessings	The abstract noun “blessings” can be stated as “bless” or “good things.” Alternate translation: “you bless him greatly” or “you give him many good things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	21	3	q3ts	figs-abstractnouns		0	you bring him rich blessings	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **blessings**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “bless” or “good things.” Alternate translation: “you bless him greatly” or “you give him many good things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	21	3	px6p	translate-symaction		0	you placed on his head a crown of purest gold	To place a crown on a person’s head is a symbol of making him a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
 PSA	21	3	za3g			0	a crown of purest gold	Here “purest gold” represents the great honor given to the king.
-PSA	21	4	yzs5	figs-abstractnouns		0	He asked you for life; you gave it to him	The abstract noun “life” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “He asked that you cause him to live for a long time; you caused it to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	21	4	yzs5	figs-abstractnouns		0	He asked you for life; you gave it to him	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **life**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “He asked that you cause him to live for a long time; you caused it to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	21	4	y4ml	figs-idiom		0	the length of his days forever and ever	The idiom “the length of his days” refers to the duration of his life. Alternate translation: “a long life that lasts forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	21	5	i6i4			0	His glory	Alternate translation: “The king’s honor” or “The king’s fame”
 PSA	21	5	k3gt	figs-metaphor		0	you have bestowed on him splendor and majesty	“you have placed on him splendor and majesty.” Causing the king to be wealthy and powerful is spoken of as if splendor and majesty are objects that are placed on him. Alternate translation: “you have made him wealthy and powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -714,7 +714,7 @@ PSA	23	3	ic3m			0	He brings back my life	This means God makes a person who is we
 PSA	23	3	nx5d	figs-metaphor		0	he guides me along right paths	Showing a person how to live in a way that pleases God is spoken of as if it were a shepherd showing a sheep the right path to take. Alternate translation: “He shows me how to live right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	23	3	ta7y	figs-metonymy		0	for his name’s sake	The phrase “his name” here refers to his reputation. Alternate translation: “for his reputation” or “so that people will honor him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	23	4	fi66	figs-metaphor		0	Even though I walk through a valley of darkest shadow	The writer describes a person experiencing terrible trouble as if he were a sheep walking through a dark and dangerous valley. There a sheep could get lost or attacked by a wild animal. Alternate translation: “Though my life is like walking through a dark and dangerous valley” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	23	4	me3c	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will not fear harm	The abstract noun “harm” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I will not be afraid of something harming me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	23	4	me3c	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will not fear harm	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **harm**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will not be afraid of something harming me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	23	4	hqa2	figs-you		0	you are with me	Here “you” refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
 PSA	23	4	yre6	figs-metonymy		0	your rod and your staff comfort me	The rod and staff represent protection because shepherds use them to protect their sheep from danger. Alternate translation: “I am not afraid because you protect me like a shepherd who protects his sheep with his rod and staff” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	23	5	ksk5	figs-exmetaphor		0	General Information:	Now the writer tells how God is like someone who welcomes a guest into his home and protects him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exmetaphor]])
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ PSA	23	5	b3bs			0	in the presence of my enemies	The meaning here is that the wri
 PSA	23	5	hh1r			0	anointed my head with oil	People sometimes put oil on their guests’ heads in order to honor them.
 PSA	23	5	w1iw	figs-idiom		0	my cup runs over	Here a cup of wine that overflows represents many blessings. Alternate translation: “You fill my cup so much that it overflows” or “You give me many blessings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	23	6	y8zc	figs-metaphor		0	Surely goodness and covenant faithfulness will pursue me	Yahweh being good and faithful to a person is spoken of as if goodness and covenant faithfulness are things that pursue after a person. The abstract nouns “goodness” and “faithfulness” can be translated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “Surely you will be good and faithful to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	23	6	ep2g	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the days of my life	The abstract noun “life” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “as long as I live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	23	6	ep2g	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the days of my life	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **life**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “as long as I live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	23	6	u2bl			0	the house of Yahweh	This could mean: (1) this refers to Yahweh’s eternal home, or (2) this refers to Yahweh’s temple in Jerusalem. If possible, translate it so that both meanings could be understood.
 PSA	23	6	u53m	figs-idiom		0	for the length of my days	This idiom refers to the duration of his life. Alternate translation: “as long as I live” or “forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	24	intro	cw5j			0		# Psalm 024 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 24 is a psalm of praise to God as the almighty God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/almighty]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Righteous people<br>Only the righteous come to worship God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The psalmists uses several rhetorical questions. Each question forms a unit with a response. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -740,8 +740,8 @@ PSA	24	4	g1lm	figs-genericnoun		0	He who has … who has … and has not	Here
 PSA	24	4	vsk8	figs-metonymy		0	who has clean hands	The word “hands” represents what a person does. For his “hands” to be clean means he does what is right. Alternate translation: “who does what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	24	4	ikc9	figs-metonymy		0	a pure heart	Here “heart” represents a person’s thoughts or motives. Alternate translation: “thinks good thoughts” or “does not think about doing what is wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	24	4	u76e	figs-metonymy		0	who has not lifted up a falsehood	Here “falsehood” represents a false idol. To “lift up” means to worship. Alternate translation: “who has not worshiped an idol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-PSA	24	5	z3wj	figs-genericnoun		0	He will receive a blessing from Yahweh	The word “he” does not refer to a specific person. It refers to the ones with pure hearts mentioned in previous verse. The abstract noun “blessing” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	24	5	bc4f	figs-abstractnouns		0	righteousness from the God of his salvation	The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as “righteously.” And, “salvation” can be stated as “save.” Alternate translation: “God will deal righteously with him and save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	24	5	z3wj	figs-genericnoun		0	He will receive a blessing from Yahweh	The word “he” does not refer to a specific person. It refers to the ones with pure hearts mentioned in previous verse. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **blessing**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will bless them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	24	5	bc4f	figs-abstractnouns		0	righteousness from the God of his salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteously.” And, “salvation” can be stated as “save.” Alternate translation: “God will deal righteously with him and save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	24	6	n5aj	figs-metonymy		0	Such is the generation of those who seek him	Here “generation” represents people in general. Alternate translation: “The people who seek him are like this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	24	6	h9nq	figs-parallelism		0	those who seek him, those who seek the face of the God of Jacob	Both statements mean the same thing. They both refer to those who go to the temple to worship God. Alternate translation: “the ones who approach God, they are the ones who may worship God, the one we Israelites worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	24	6	fbc7	figs-metaphor		0	those who seek him	Going to the temple to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if the person is literally seeking to find him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -763,12 +763,12 @@ PSA	25	3	le6f			0	without cause	Alternate translation: “without a reason”
 PSA	25	4	a1rg	figs-parallelism		0	Make known to me your ways, Yahweh; teach me your paths	Both statements mean the same thing. God teaching a person how they should behave is spoken of as if he were showing a person the correct path on which a person should travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	25	5	ji5y			0	I hope in you	Alternate translation: “I depend on you” or “I wait patiently for you”
 PSA	25	5	t3bw	figs-doublet		0	Guide me into your truth and teach me	Guide and teach mean the same thing, to give instruction. Alternate translation: “Instruct me to conduct my life by obeying your truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
-PSA	25	5	zz1y	figs-abstractnouns		0	the God of my salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as “saves.” Alternate translation: “the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	25	5	zz1y	figs-abstractnouns		0	the God of my salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “saves.” Alternate translation: “the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	6	f922	figs-idiom		0	Call to mind	This is an idiom. This does not mean God forgot something. The writer is asking God to think about and consider his acts of compassion and faithfulness. Alternate translation: “Remember” or “Think about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	25	6	uw7b	figs-abstractnouns		0	your acts of compassion and of covenant faithfulness	The abstract nouns “compassion” and “faithfulness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “how you have been compassionate and faithful to your covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	6	y7a2	figs-personification		0	for they have always existed	Here “they” personifies God’s compassion and covenant faithfulness. Alternate translation: “for that is how you have always been” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-PSA	25	7	ym66	figs-abstractnouns		0	Do not think about the sins of my youth	The abstract noun “sins” can be stated as “sinned.” Alternate translation: “Do not think about how I sinned against you when I was young” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	25	7	ayg8	figs-abstractnouns		0	or my rebelliousness	The abstract noun “rebelliousness” can be stated as “rebelled.” Alternate translation: or about how I have rebelled against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	25	7	ym66	figs-abstractnouns		0	Do not think about the sins of my youth	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sins**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “sinned.” Alternate translation: “Do not think about how I sinned against you when I was young” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	25	7	ayg8	figs-abstractnouns		0	or my rebelliousness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rebelliousness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “rebelled.” Alternate translation: or about how I have rebelled against you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	7	rmx6	figs-idiom		0	Call me to mind	This is an idiom. This does not mean God forgot something. The writer is asking God to think about him. Alternate translation: “Remember me” or “Think about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	25	7	dzp2	figs-abstractnouns		0	with covenant faithfulness because of your goodness	The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “goodness” can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “and be faithful to me because of your covenant, because you are good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	8	fe3c	figs-metaphor		0	the way	How God wants a person to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path on which a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ PSA	25	9	sd77	figs-nominaladj		0	the humble	This nominal adjective can be stated
 PSA	25	9	g5rh	figs-metaphor		0	his way	How God wants a person to behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path on which a person travels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	25	10	y1ce	figs-metaphor		0	All the paths of Yahweh are steadfast love and faithfulness	The word “paths” is a metaphor for ways. Alternate translation: “Yahweh always loves us because of his covenant and he is always trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	25	11	i29u	figs-metonymy		0	For your name’s sake	The phrase “your name” here refers to Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “For your reputation” or “So that people will honor you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-PSA	25	11	zdw5	figs-abstractnouns		0	pardon my sin, for it is great	The abstract noun “sin” can be stated as “sinned.” Alternate translation: “please forgive me, for I have sinned much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	25	11	zdw5	figs-abstractnouns		0	pardon my sin, for it is great	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **sin**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “sinned.” Alternate translation: “please forgive me, for I have sinned much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	12	uen3	figs-rquestion		0	Who is the man who fears Yahweh?	This question introduces “the man who fears Yahweh” as a new topic. Alternate translation: “I will tell you about the man who fears Yahweh.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	25	12	r5gg	figs-genericnoun		0	is the man who fears … instruct him … he should	These words refer to any person who fears Yahweh, not a specific person. Alternate translation: “are those who fear … instruct them … they should” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 PSA	25	12	e57l	figs-metaphor		0	The Lord will instruct him in the way that he should choose	Yahweh teaching people how they should behave is spoken of as if Yahweh were teaching the people what way or path they should travel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ PSA	25	17	lu85	figs-metonymy		0	The troubles of my heart are enlarged	Here “he
 PSA	25	17	t6l8	figs-metaphor		0	draw me out from my distress	“bring me out of my distress.” This speaks of distress as if it were a place that a person can be brought out of. Alternate translation: “rescue me from my distress” or “relieve me of my distress” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	25	17	px9i	figs-abstractnouns		0	my distress	The word “distress” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “the things that distress me” or “the things that cause me to be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	18	gp57			0	See my affliction	Alternate translation: “Notice my affliction”
-PSA	25	18	kwp4	figs-abstractnouns		0	my affliction	The abstract noun “affliction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the things that afflict me” or “how afflicted I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	25	18	kwp4	figs-abstractnouns		0	my affliction	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **affliction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the things that afflict me” or “how afflicted I am” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	18	my25	figs-abstractnouns		0	my toils	The word “toils” is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “the things that trouble me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	25	19	it1s			0	they hate me with cruel hatred	Alternate translation: “they hate me cruelly” or “they hate me fiercely”
 PSA	25	20	zk7e	figs-activepassive		0	do not let me be humiliated	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not let my enemies humiliate me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -860,12 +860,12 @@ PSA	27	9	uv72	figs-metonymy		0	Do not hide your face from me	The face here repre
 PSA	27	9	n49l	figs-123person		0	do not turn your servant away in anger	David said “your servant” to refer to himself in a humble way. Alternate translation: “do not be angry with me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	27	9	p7vh	figs-doublet		0	forsake me or abandon me	The words “forsake” and “abandon” mean the same thing. The writer is emphasizing that he does not want God to leave him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 PSA	27	9	j546	figs-ellipsis		0	or abandon me	The words “and do not” are understood. Alternate translation: “and do not abandon me” or “and do not leave me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
-PSA	27	9	sm12	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of my salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as “saves.” Alternate translation: God who saves me” or “because you are the God who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	27	9	sm12	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of my salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “saves.” Alternate translation: God who saves me” or “because you are the God who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	27	10	w897	figs-hypo		0	Even if my father and my mother forsake me	“Even if my father and my mother were to forsake me.” He is not saying that they actually have done this or that they would do it. His point is that even if they did that, God would not abandon him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
 PSA	27	10	n75n			0	Yahweh will take me in	Alternate translation: “Yahweh will keep me” or “Yahweh will take care of me”
 PSA	27	11	z7b8	figs-metaphor		0	Teach me your way	How a person should behave is spoken of as if it were a way or path that person should travel. Alternate translation: “Teach me how you want me to live” or “Teach me to do what you want me to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	27	11	r72j	figs-metaphor		0	Lead me on a level path	Yahweh keeping the writer safe from his enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh leads the writer on a level path where he will not stumble and fall. Alternate translation: “Keep me safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	27	12	gs3s	figs-abstractnouns		0	Do not give me up to the desires of my enemies	The abstract noun “desires” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Do not let my enemies do to me what they desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	27	12	gs3s	figs-abstractnouns		0	Do not give me up to the desires of my enemies	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desires**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Do not let my enemies do to me what they desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	27	12	s7ry	figs-idiom		0	have risen up against me	“Risen up” here is an idiom meaning that a witness stood in court to present testimony. Alternate translation: “have stood up in order to speak against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	27	12	ez4n	figs-metaphor		0	they breathe out violence	Here violence is spoken for as if it was something a person could breathe out. Alternate translation: “they say that they will do violent things to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	27	13	ts3j	figs-rquestion		0	What would have happened to me	This rhetorical question can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Something bad would have happened to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -894,12 +894,12 @@ PSA	28	5	b1cw	figs-explicit		0	they do not understand the deeds of Yahweh	It is
 PSA	28	5	a757	figs-metonymy		0	the work of his hands	Here “hands” represents what Yahweh has done or created. Alternate translation: “what he has created” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	28	5	uqh3	figs-metaphor		0	he will tear them down and never rebuild them	The punishment of the wicked people is spoken of as if they were a building or a city that God would destroy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	28	6	jfr4	figs-metonymy		0	he has heard the sound of my pleading	Here “sound” represents what the writer said. Alternate translation: “has heard what I said when I pleaded to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-PSA	28	7	g4ne	figs-abstractnouns		0	Yahweh is my strength	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes me strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	28	7	g4ne	figs-abstractnouns		0	Yahweh is my strength	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes me strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	28	7	vh7h	figs-metaphor		0	my shield	This represents Yahweh’s protecting the writer. Alternate translation: “he protects me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	28	7	r9jp	figs-synecdoche		0	my heart trusts	Here “heart” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “I trust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	28	7	bl9l	figs-activepassive		0	I am helped	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he helps me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PSA	28	7	uts5	figs-synecdoche		0	my heart greatly rejoices	Here “heart” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “I greatly rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	28	8	pd6u	figs-abstractnouns		0	Yahweh is the strength of his people	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes his people strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	28	8	pd6u	figs-abstractnouns		0	Yahweh is the strength of his people	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh makes his people strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	28	8	vd99	figs-metaphor		0	he is the saving refuge of his anointed one	Yahweh keeping the king safe is spoken of as if Yahweh were a place that the king could go for safety. Alternate translation: “he keeps safe the one he appointed to be king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	28	8	yh2k	figs-metonymy		0	his anointed one	The represents the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	28	9	at1a	figs-metaphor		0	your inheritance	This speaks about the people of God as if they were something God inherited. Alternate translation: “your possession” or “those who belong to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ PSA	30	3	gel6	figs-metonymy		0	brought up my soul from Sheol	Since “Sheol” w
 PSA	30	3	sw64	figs-synecdoche		0	brought up my soul	Here “my soul” refers to the writer. Alternate translation: “brought me up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	30	3	ryd7	figs-metonymy		0	from going down to the grave	The “grave” represents death. Alternate translation: “from dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	30	4	jui4	figs-abstractnouns		0	Give thanks when you remember his holiness	The abstract nouns “thanks” and “holiness” can be stated as “thank” and “holy.” Alternate translation: “Remember that God is holy and thank him” or “Remember what God has done because he is holy and thank him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	30	5	n3py	figs-abstractnouns		0	his anger is only for a moment	“his anger lasts only a moment.” The abstract noun “anger” can be stated as “angry.” Alternate translation: “he is angry for only a moment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	30	5	n3py	figs-abstractnouns		0	his anger is only for a moment	“his anger lasts only a moment.” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “angry.” Alternate translation: “he is angry for only a moment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	30	5	ls29	figs-metonymy		0	a moment	Here “moment” represents a short amount of time. Alternate translation: “a short time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	30	5	zm7v	figs-abstractnouns		0	but his favor is for a lifetime	The abstract noun “favor” can be stated as the adjective “good.” Alternate translation: “but he is good to us all of our lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	30	5	vw11	figs-metaphor		0	Weeping comes for a night, but joy comes in the morning	This speaks about “weeping” and “joy” as if they were something that travels and arrives at a certain time. Alternate translation: “We may cry during the night, but the next morning we will be joyful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -1160,8 +1160,8 @@ PSA	35	8	iq5p	figs-personification		0	Let destruction overtake them by surprise
 PSA	35	8	d6rv	figs-metaphor		0	the net that they have set	The schemes of the wicked are spoken of as if they were a net that they place to catch the writer. Alternate translation: “the net that they placed in order to capture me like an animal and harm me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	35	8	e9d9	figs-metaphor		0	Let them fall into it	This is the same metaphor as in verse 7. The net is intended to catch the writer. Alternate translation: “Let them fall into the pit that they dug for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 PSA	35	8	n85r			0	fall into it	This could mean: (1) fall into the pit of verse 7 or (2) fall into destruction.
-PSA	35	8	q1k1	figs-abstractnouns		0	to their destruction	The abstract noun “destruction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that they will be destroyed” or “that is how you should destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	35	9	gv3z	figs-abstractnouns		0	in his salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because you save me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	35	8	q1k1	figs-abstractnouns		0	to their destruction	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **destruction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “so that they will be destroyed” or “that is how you should destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	35	9	gv3z	figs-abstractnouns		0	in his salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “because you save me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	35	10	dy1n	figs-metonymy		0	All my bones	Here “bones” refers to the deepest inner being of a person. Alternate translation: “My whole inner being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	35	10	fcx1	figs-rquestion		0	Yahweh, who is like you … those who try to rob them?	The implicit answer to this question is that no one is like Yahweh. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, there is no one like you … those who try to rob them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	35	10	kuz3	figs-doublet		0	the poor and needy	The words “poor” and “needy” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh saves many who need his help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
@@ -1187,7 +1187,7 @@ PSA	35	17	kep3	figs-synecdoche		0	my life	This refers to the writer. Alternate t
 PSA	35	17	d2a8	figs-metaphor		0	from the lions	Here the writer speaks of his enemies as if they were vicious lions. Alternate translation: “from my enemies who attack me like wild animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	35	19	p53g			0	Do not let my deceitful enemies	Alternate translation: “Do not let my enemies, who tell lies about me,”
 PSA	35	19	a7lv			0	their wicked schemes	Alternate translation: “their evil plans”
-PSA	35	20	pjw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	they do not speak peace	The abstract noun “peace” can be stated as “peacefully.” Alternate translation: “they do not speak peacefully to people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	35	20	pjw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	they do not speak peace	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **peace**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “peacefully.” Alternate translation: “they do not speak peacefully to people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	35	20	sg2n			0	devise deceitful words	Alternate translation: “look for ways to tell lies”
 PSA	35	20	e21a			0	those in our land who live in peace	Alternate translation: “those who live peacefully in our land”
 PSA	35	20	p638	figs-abstractnouns		0	live in peace	The abstract noun “peace” can be stated in other forms. Alternate translation: “live peacefully with others” or “do no harm to anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@@ -1217,7 +1217,7 @@ PSA	35	27	f434			0	may they say continually	Alternate translation: “may they a
 PSA	35	27	zr5u	figs-activepassive		0	Yahweh be praised	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let us praise Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PSA	35	27	l9kp			0	who delights in	Alternate translation: “who is happy with” or “who is glad for”
 PSA	35	27	ra7f			0	welfare	well-being, happiness
-PSA	35	28	b4q3	figs-abstractnouns		0	tell of your justice	The abstract noun “justice” can be stated as “right.” Alternate translation: “proclaim that you act in the right way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	35	28	b4q3	figs-abstractnouns		0	tell of your justice	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **justice**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “right.” Alternate translation: “proclaim that you act in the right way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	36	intro	a634			0		# Psalm 036 General Notes<br>## Formatting in this chapter<br><br>Psalm 36 is a psalm of praise. It speaks of how good God is to those who love him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/love]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God and man<br>Evil people do not think about God; but he is such a pleasure to all who honor him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
 PSA	36	1	d19d	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	36	1	hw62			0	For the chief musician	Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship.”
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ PSA	36	8	mw7h	figs-metaphor		0	you let them drink from the river of your delight
 PSA	36	9	wc6m			0	fountain of life	Alternate translation: “source of life”
 PSA	36	9	f7u5	figs-metaphor		0	in your light we will see light	Here “light” is a metaphor for true knowledge. Alternate translation: “when you enlighten us, we will know the truth” or “your light is what enables us to know the truth about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	36	10	d1ua	figs-metaphor		0	Extend your covenant faithfulness fully to those who know you	The writer speaks of Yahweh continuing to act faithfully towards the people as if Yahweh were to extend his covenant faithfulness or make it longer. The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be translated with an adverb. Alternate translation: “Continue to act faithfully to those who know you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	36	10	jtd4	figs-abstractnouns		0	your defense to the upright of heart	The abstract noun “defense” can be stated as a verb. “Continue” is implied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “Continue to protect the upright of heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
+PSA	36	10	jtd4	figs-abstractnouns		0	your defense to the upright of heart	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **defense**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. “Continue” is implied from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “Continue to protect the upright of heart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 PSA	36	10	qms7	figs-synecdoche		0	the upright of heart	Here “heart” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “the upright” or “people who act righteously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	36	11	z9yf	figs-synecdoche		0	the foot of the arrogant man … the hand of the wicked	Here “foot” and “hand” refer to the evil people. These are not specific men. This refers to evil people in general. Alternate translation: “arrogant people … wicked people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 PSA	36	11	a5wg			0	drive me away	Alternate translation: “send me away” or “make me leave my place”
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ PSA	37	28	ga2f	figs-metaphor		0	will be cut off	The destruction of the wicked is
 PSA	37	29	t6ic	figs-metaphor		0	will inherit the land	The possession of the land is spoken of as if it had been received as an inheritance. See how you translated this in [Psalms 37:9](../037/009.md). Alternate translation: “will receive the land as their own possession” or “will be allowed to live safely in the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	37	30	u8ut	figs-nominaladj		0	the righteous	This refers to the people who are righteous. Alternate translation: “the righteous people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
 PSA	37	30	w34s	figs-synecdoche		0	The mouth of the righteous person	Here “mouth” represents the whole person who speaks. Alternate translation: “The righteous person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	37	30	hy67	figs-abstractnouns		0	speaks wisdom	The abstract noun “wisdom” can be stated as “wise.” Alternate translation: “gives wise advice to others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	37	30	hy67	figs-abstractnouns		0	speaks wisdom	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wisdom**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “wise.” Alternate translation: “gives wise advice to others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	37	30	xy8u	figs-abstractnouns		0	increases justice	The abstract noun “justice” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “encourages other people to live rightly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	37	31	bga8	figs-metonymy		0	The law of his God is in his heart	Here “in his heart” refers to his deepest inner being. Alternate translation: “He treasures the commands of his God in his inner being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	37	31	nf23	figs-metaphor		0	his feet will not slip	Here failure to obey Yahweh is spoken of as slipping off a safe path and falling. Alternate translation: “he will walk safely in the way God wants him to walk” or “he will safely do the things God wants him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -1427,7 +1427,7 @@ PSA	40	9	gk2t	figs-metonymy		0	my lips have not kept back from doing this	Here
 PSA	40	10	vb9c	figs-litotes		0	I have not concealed your righteousness in my heart	“I have not kept your righteousness a secret.” This can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I have openly told every one about your righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 PSA	40	10	am3c	figs-metonymy		0	in my heart	Here this refers to the writer’s inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	40	10	cn4q	figs-litotes		0	I have not concealed your covenant faithfulness or your trustworthiness from the great assembly	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I have told everyone in the great assembly about your covenant faithfulness or your trustworthiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
-PSA	40	10	bp5z	figs-abstractnouns		0	your covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “how faithful you are to your covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	40	10	bp5z	figs-abstractnouns		0	your covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “how faithful you are to your covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	40	10	u78d	figs-abstractnouns		0	your trustworthiness	This abstract noun “trustworthiness” can be stated as “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “how trustworthy you are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	40	11	qc48	figs-personification		0	let your covenant faithfulness and your trustworthiness always preserve me	Here “covenant faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” are spoken of as if they were living people who could protect the writer. Alternate translation: “I want your covenant faithfulness and your trustworthiness to always preserve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 PSA	40	12	c6b2	figs-metaphor		0	Troubles that cannot be numbered surround me	Here troubles are spoken of as if they were objects that surround and trap the speaker. Alternate translation: “there are more troubles around me than I can count” or “more troubles come to me than I can count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ PSA	50	21	pf7h	figs-idiom		0	right before your eyes	Here, to be “before your e
 PSA	50	22	jz7u	figs-metaphor		0	you who forget God	God speaks of the wicked rejecting him as if they have forgotten him. He speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “you who reject me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	50	22	ql5f	figs-metaphor		0	I will tear you to pieces	God speaks of destroying the wicked as if he were a lion eating its prey. Alternate translation: “I will destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	50	23	u8xr	figs-metaphor		0	plans his path in the right way	God speaks of a the way a person lives as if it were a path that the person travels. Alternate translation: “lives his life the right way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	50	23	u5xv	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will show God’s salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as “save.” God refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “I will save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
+PSA	50	23	u5xv	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will show God’s salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “save.” God refers to himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “I will save him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	51	intro	uij8			0		# Psalm 051 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 51 is a psalm of repentance from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Repentance<br>The psalmist is truly sorry for having sinned. He repented and God forgave his sins. God wants true sorrow for having sinned, not sacrifices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/true]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]])<br><br>### Author of Psalm<br>Scholars are divided over whether this psalm was authored by King David as is mentioned by the superscription. If nothing else, we can assume the last two verses were added later since Jerusalem is intact with well-built walls during King David’s reign.
 PSA	51	1	v8pw	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. In this psalm David asks God for forgiveness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	51	1	rl6b			0	For the chief musician	Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship.”
@@ -2007,7 +2007,7 @@ PSA	57	1	g4tb			0	A psalm of David	This could mean: (1) David wrote the psalm or
 PSA	57	1	jt8t			0	A michtam	The meaning of the word “michtam” is uncertain. You may use the word “psalm” instead. This can be written as: “This is a psalm that David wrote.” See how you translated this in [Psalms 16:1](../016/001.md).
 PSA	57	1	wv56	figs-metaphor		0	I take refuge in you	Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: “I go to you for protection” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	57	1	yn99	figs-metaphor		0	I stay under your wings for protection	The psalmist speaks of God as if he were a mother bird that protects its babies by huddling them under its wings. Alternate translation: “I trust you to protect me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	57	1	s371	figs-abstractnouns		0	until this destruction is over	The abstract noun “destruction” can be stated as “destructive.” Alternate translation: “until this destructive storm is over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+PSA	57	1	s371	figs-abstractnouns		0	until this destruction is over	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **destruction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “destructive.” Alternate translation: “until this destructive storm is over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	57	2	r2mu			0	who does all things for me	This explains why he will cry out to God. It can be translated with “because.” Alternate translation: “because he does all things for me”
 PSA	57	3	k9zh	figs-metaphor		0	those who crush me	The enemies’ fierce attack is spoken of as if they were crushing his body by marching on it. Alternate translation: “those who attack me severely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	57	3	t1vd	figs-metaphor		0	God will send me his loving kindness and his faithfulness	God’s being kind and faithful is spoken of as if he were sending his kindness and faithful. The abstract nouns “kindness” and “faithfulness” can be stated as “kind” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “God will be kind to me and trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@@ -2124,7 +2124,7 @@ PSA	60	2	rmg6	figs-metaphor		0	You have made the land tremble; you have torn it
 PSA	60	2	qsa7	figs-metaphor		0	heal its fissures	Making the people strong again is spoken of as repairing the fissures in the ground or walls. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	60	2	n526			0	fissures	large cracks in the ground or walls
 PSA	60	3	k155	figs-metonymy		0	You have made your people see difficult things	Here “see” represents “experience” or “suffer.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-PSA	60	3	m2ay	figs-metaphor		0	drink the wine of staggering	Being helpless is spoken of as staggering around, barely able to stand upright. The abstract noun “staggering” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “the wine that makes us stagger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	60	3	m2ay	figs-metaphor		0	drink the wine of staggering	Being helpless is spoken of as staggering around, barely able to stand upright. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **staggering**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the wine that makes us stagger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	60	4	fj97	figs-metaphor		0	you have set up a banner	God’s guiding his people in battle is spoken of as if God were a human king or commander who had set up a banner for the army. Alternate translation: “you are like a king who sets up a banner” or “you command us in battle like a king who raises up a banner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	60	4	f9q6			0	banner	“battle flag.” This is a flag that a king or commander would raise up on a pole to show that the army should gather.
 PSA	60	4	xr7x	figs-activepassive		0	to be displayed against those who carry the bow	This can be stated with an active clause. However some versions have different interpretations of this phrase. Alternate translation: “to display against those who carry the bow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -2379,7 +2379,7 @@ PSA	68	28	f4rw			0	Your God, Israel, has decreed	Alternate translation: “Peopl
 PSA	68	28	wau7	figs-exclusive		0	to us	The word “us” refers to the writer and the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh, to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 PSA	68	29	zq5a	figs-exclusive		0	to us	The word “us” refers to the writer and the people of Israel, but not to Yahweh, to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 PSA	68	29	isi1			0	Reveal your power to us from your temple at Jerusalem	Alternate translation: “When you are present in the temple at Jerusalem, show us your power”
-PSA	68	29	fem7	figs-abstractnouns		0	Reveal your power	The abstract noun “power” can be stated as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Show us that you are strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	68	29	fem7	figs-abstractnouns		0	Reveal your power	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **power**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “strong.” Alternate translation: “Show us that you are strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	68	30	c8e8	figs-metaphor		0	the wild beasts in the reeds	Many scholars believe these wild beasts are a metaphor that refers to the people of Egypt. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the people of Egypt who are like wild beasts in the reeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 PSA	68	30	g1z9	figs-metaphor		0	the peoples, that multitude of bulls and calves	The peoples of other nations are spoken of as if they were a large group of cattle. Alternate translation: “the powerful nations, who are like herds of bulls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	68	30	c6zu			0	scatter	to disperse or to cause something to spread quickly in different direction
@@ -2390,7 +2390,7 @@ PSA	68	32	gn8g	figs-synecdoche		0	you kingdoms of the earth	Here “kingdoms”
 PSA	68	33	x1i6	figs-ellipsis		0	To him who rides on the heaven of heavens	The word “Sing” is implied as the beginning of this verse. Here God is described as if he rides in a chariot in the sky. Alternate translation: “Sing to God who rides across the sky in his chariot” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	68	33	npf5	figs-idiom		0	he lifts up his voice with power	This idiom means he speaks powerfully. Alternate translation: “he shouts powerfully” or “he speaks loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	68	34	a3cn			0	Ascribe strength to God	Here, **Ascribe** means to give credit to someone. Alternate translation: “Strength belongs to God”
-PSA	68	34	ul58	figs-abstractnouns		0	his strength is in the skies	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as “powerful.” Alternate translation: “in the skies he also shows that he is powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	68	34	ul58	figs-abstractnouns		0	his strength is in the skies	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “powerful.” Alternate translation: “in the skies he also shows that he is powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	68	35	m2ya	figs-apostrophe		0	God, you are fearsome in your holy place	Here the author speaks directly to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
 PSA	68	35	sy6i	figs-doublet		0	strength and power	These two words mean basically these same thing. They emphasize how much strength God provides to his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 PSA	69	intro	im3w			0		# Psalm 069 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 69 is a psalm of deliverance. The author prays to be saved from his enemies and for them to be punished. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Deliverance<br>The author prays for God to rescue him from his enemies. They show him no mercy, and he asks God to show them no mercy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/mercy]])
@@ -2406,7 +2406,7 @@ PSA	69	3	qdk1			0	weary	very tired
 PSA	69	3	d5w4	figs-idiom		0	my eyes fail	This idiom means the writer has cried so much that his eyes do not see well any longer. Alternate translation: “my eyes are swollen from tears” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	69	4	ks2e	figs-hyperbole		0	more than the hairs on my head	This is an exaggeration to express how many enemies the writer has. Alternate translation: “more than I can count, like the hairs on my head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 PSA	69	4	v3ns	figs-idiom		0	cut me off	This idiom means “kill me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-PSA	69	5	z5mb	figs-abstractnouns		0	my foolishness	The abstract noun “foolishness” can be stated as “foolish.” Alternate translation: “the foolish things that I have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	69	5	z5mb	figs-abstractnouns		0	my foolishness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **foolishness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “foolish.” Alternate translation: “the foolish things that I have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	69	5	c1z9	figs-litotes		0	my sins are not hidden from you	This can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “you know all my sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 PSA	69	6	l21p			0	Let not those … let not those	Alternate translation: “Do not let those … do not let those”
 PSA	69	6	d5j2	figs-activepassive		0	Let not those who hope in you be put to shame because of me	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Please do not allow anyone to put those who wait for you to shame because of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -2953,7 +2953,7 @@ PSA	79	4	ab9w	figs-metonymy		0	We have become a reproach for our neighbors, mock
 PSA	79	4	kc2x			0	We have become	The pronoun “We” refers to God’s people.
 PSA	79	4	beg9			0	derision	strong laughter to shame a person
 PSA	79	5	us3y	figs-rquestion		0	How long will your jealous anger burn like fire?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “It seems as though your jealous anger will never stop burning like fire.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-PSA	79	5	fx6v	figs-abstractnouns		0	will your jealous anger burn	The abstract noun “anger” can be stated as “angry.” Alternate translation: “will you be jealous and angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	79	5	fx6v	figs-abstractnouns		0	will your jealous anger burn	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “angry.” Alternate translation: “will you be jealous and angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	79	5	g11j	figs-simile		0	burn like fire	This simile compares the expression of God’s anger to a fire that destroys things. Alternate translation: “destroy us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 PSA	79	6	dj2l	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	These two pairs of phrases each share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	79	6	ez9d	figs-metaphor		0	Pour out your wrath on the nations	Asaph speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a liquid. Alternate translation: “Since you are angry, punish the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -3025,7 +3025,7 @@ PSA	81	1	m6jf	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in He
 PSA	81	1	v66t			0	A psalm of Asaph	A psalm that Asaph wrote.
 PSA	81	1	f39e			0	For the chief musician	Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship;”
 PSA	81	1	mdg7			0	set to the Gittith	This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 8:1](../008/001.md).
-PSA	81	1	thx5	figs-abstractnouns		0	God our strength	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as “strong.” Alternate translation: “God who causes us to be strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	81	1	thx5	figs-abstractnouns		0	God our strength	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “strong.” Alternate translation: “God who causes us to be strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	81	1	e6id	figs-synecdoche		0	the God of Jacob	Here “Jacob” represents all of his descendants. Alternate translation: “the God of Israel, the nation of Jacob’s descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	81	2	ft8a			0	play the tambourine, the pleasant lyre with the harp	These are musical instruments.
 PSA	81	2	cm4s	translate-unknown		0	tambourine	a musical instrument with a head like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around the side that sound when the instrument is shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
@@ -3064,7 +3064,7 @@ PSA	81	16	vv42	figs-explicit		0	honey out of the rock	This refers to wild honey.
 PSA	82	intro	a4le			0		# Psalm 082 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 82 is a psalm of judgment against the leaders of the other nations. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Favoritism<br>The leaders of the nations need to protect the poor and needy and not to favor the evil rich people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/favor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metonymy<br><br>The leaders of the nations are represented by their gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
 PSA	82	1	why9	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	82	1	c9rs			0	the divine assembly	Alternate translation: “the heavenly council” or “the meeting in heaven”
-PSA	82	1	xb2b	figs-abstractnouns		0	he renders judgment	“he gives judgment.” The abstract noun “judgment” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “he judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	82	1	xb2b	figs-abstractnouns		0	he renders judgment	“he gives judgment.” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **judgment**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “he judges” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	82	1	x4p7			0	the gods	This could mean: (1) these are other spiritual beings who dwell in heaven. Alternate translation: “the divine beings” or “the heavenly judges” or (2) these are human judges that God has appointed. Either way, it does not mean they are gods like Yahweh is god. It means God has given them great power and authority. Alternate translation: “the rulers”
 PSA	82	2	h4lp	figs-rquestion		0	How long will you judge unjustly and show favoritism to the wicked?	Yahweh uses a question to rebuke the gods for not judging people fairly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	82	3	k9hy	figs-nominaladj		0	poor … fatherless … afflicted … destitute	These words are nominal adjectives. They can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: “those who are poor … those who are fatherless … those who are afflicted … those who are destitute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
@@ -3164,7 +3164,7 @@ PSA	85	2	bm36	figs-metaphor		0	you have covered all their sin	Here sin that is f
 PSA	85	2	zdx5			0	their sin	This writer thought of himself as belonging to God’s people. Alternate translation: “our sin”
 PSA	85	3	n2va	figs-metaphor		0	You have withdrawn all your wrath	God no longer punishing the Israelites is spoken of as if wrath were an object that Yahweh could take away from the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	85	3	eh2w	figs-metaphor		0	you have turned back from your hot anger	God no longer being angry with the Israelites is spoken of as if anger were a fire that God from which God turned away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	85	4	r347	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of our salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “God who saves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	85	4	r347	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of our salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “God who saves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	85	4	u4ty	figs-metaphor		0	let go of your displeasure with us	Asking God to stop being angry with the Israelites is spoken of as if displeasure were an object the writer wants God to let go of. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	85	5	b6ih	figs-rquestion		0	Will you be angry with us forever? Will you remain angry throughout future generations?	The writer uses these questions to emphasize that he is requesting God to stop being angry with them. These rhetorical questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please do not stay angry at us forever.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	85	6	fc4x	figs-rquestion		0	Will you not revive us again?	The writer uses a question to emphasize his request to God to make the people of Israel prosper and happy again. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Please make us prosper again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -3178,7 +3178,7 @@ PSA	85	10	r9mp	figs-abstractnouns		0	Covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness h
 PSA	85	10	vxd4			0	have met together … have kissed each other	Most likely the speaker is describing a time in the future when God causes the people to prosper again. Alternate translation: “will meet together … will kiss each other”
 PSA	85	10	ilq2	figs-abstractnouns		0	righteousness and peace have kissed each other	This could mean: (1) the people will do what is right and God will cause the people to live in peace or (2) God will do what is right and will cause the people to live in peace. Either way righteousness and peace are abstract nouns and are spoken of as if they were persons who kiss each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 PSA	85	10	pbn4			0	kissed each other	This was a common way for friends to greet each other.
-PSA	85	11	y3gv	figs-metaphor		0	Trustworthiness springs up from the ground	The people on earth being faithful to God is spoken of as if trustworthiness were a plant growing out of the ground. The abstract noun “trustworthiness” can be stated as “loyal.” Alternate translation: “Here on earth, we will be loyal to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	85	11	y3gv	figs-metaphor		0	Trustworthiness springs up from the ground	The people on earth being faithful to God is spoken of as if trustworthiness were a plant growing out of the ground. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **trustworthiness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “loyal.” Alternate translation: “Here on earth, we will be loyal to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	85	11	uw31	figs-abstractnouns		0	righteousness looks down from the sky	The word “righteousness” is an abstract noun, and it is spoken of as a person looking down as God does. Alternate translation: “God will look on us from heaven and will act justly towards us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 PSA	85	13	bxa8	figs-personification		0	Righteousness will go before him and make a way for his footsteps	God doing what is right everywhere he goes is spoken of as if righteousness were a person who goes ahead of God and prepares a path for God to walk. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 PSA	85	13	b458	figs-metonymy		0	his footsteps	Here “footsteps” represents where God walks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -3233,7 +3233,7 @@ PSA	88	1	qm8l			0	for the chief musician	Alternate translation: “this is for t
 PSA	88	1	f9te	translate-transliterate		0	set to the Mahalath Leannoth style	This may refer to a style of music. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
 PSA	88	1	i9mw			0	A maschil	This may refer to a style of music. See how you translated this in [Psalms 32:1](../032/001.md).
 PSA	88	1	l37h	translate-names		0	Heman	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-PSA	88	1	w1cg	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of my salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “you are the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	88	1	w1cg	figs-abstractnouns		0	God of my salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “you are the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	88	1	hj2g	figs-merism		0	day and night	The writer uses these words with opposite meanings to say that he cries out continually. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
 PSA	88	3	j9c1	figs-metaphor		0	For I am filled with troubles	The writer speaks of himself as if he were a container and troubles are the contents that fill the container. Alternate translation: “For I am very troubled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	88	3	tee7	figs-metonymy		0	my life has reached Sheol	Here “life” represents the writer. And “Sheol” represents death. The writer speaks about himself possibly dying soon as if Sheol were a place and he has arrived at that place. Alternate translation: “I am about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -3282,7 +3282,7 @@ PSA	89	4	yr1g	figs-metaphor		0	I will establish your descendants forever	Yahweh
 PSA	89	4	p2z4	figs-metonymy		0	I will establish your throne through all generations	Here “throne” represents the power to rule as king. The psalmist speaks of God promising that one of David’s descendants will always rule as king as if God will build David’s throne and make it firm. Alternate translation: “I will make sure that one of your descendants will rule as king over every generation of my people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	89	5	m81y	figs-metonymy		0	The heavens praise	Here “heavens” represents those who are in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	89	5	e553			0	praise your wonders, Yahweh	Alternate translation: “praise you, Yahweh, because of the wonderful things you do”
-PSA	89	5	gs3g	figs-activepassive		0	your truthfulness is praised in the assembly of the holy ones	The abstract noun “truthfulness” can be stated as “you always do what you promise to do.” This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The assembly of the holy ones praises you because you always do what you promise to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+PSA	89	5	gs3g	figs-activepassive		0	your truthfulness is praised in the assembly of the holy ones	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **truthfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “you always do what you promise to do.” This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The assembly of the holy ones praises you because you always do what you promise to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PSA	89	5	g9qz			0	the assembly of the holy ones	This refers to the angels in heaven.
 PSA	89	6	c358	figs-parallelism		0	For who in the skies can be compared to Yahweh? Who among the sons of the gods is like Yahweh?	Both questions mean the same thing. The writer is using question to emphasize that there in no one in heaven like Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	89	6	vj1k	figs-idiom		0	sons of the gods	Here “sons of” means having the characteristics of. This is a way of referring to other spiritual beings that live in heaven. Alternate translation: “angels” or “divine beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@@ -3329,7 +3329,7 @@ PSA	89	28	zs6u	figs-metaphor		0	I will extend my covenant faithfulness to him fo
 PSA	89	29	nlx7	figs-simile		0	his throne as enduring as the skies above	Someone from David’s family always ruling as king is spoken of as if his throne would last as long as the sky will last. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 PSA	89	29	k6mi	figs-metonymy		0	his throne	Here “throne” represents the power to rule as king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	89	30	zb7x			0	his children	Alternate translation: “David’s descendants”
-PSA	89	32	s8vu	figs-metaphor		0	punish their rebellion with a rod	God punishing David’s descendants is spoken of as if he would hit them with a rod. The abstract noun “rebellion” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “punish them for rebelling against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	89	32	s8vu	figs-metaphor		0	punish their rebellion with a rod	God punishing David’s descendants is spoken of as if he would hit them with a rod. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rebellion**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “punish them for rebelling against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	89	32	fq8i	figs-metaphor		0	their iniquity with blows	God punishing David’s descendants is spoken of as if God would literally hit them. This can be stated as a complete sentence. Alternate translation: “I will punish them because they sinned against me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 PSA	89	33	k75f	figs-litotes		0	I will not remove my steadfast love from him or be unfaithful to my promise	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I will always love David, and I will do what I promised to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 PSA	89	34	m6m3	figs-synecdoche		0	the words of my lips	Here “lips” represent the whole mouth and the person speaking. Alternate translation: “what I said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@@ -3357,7 +3357,7 @@ PSA	89	46	r3l1	figs-rquestion		0	How long, Yahweh? Will you hide yourself, forev
 PSA	89	46	mu5e	figs-metaphor		0	Will you hide yourself	God not helping the king is spoken of as if God were hiding from him. Alternate translation: “Will you refuse to help the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	89	46	q873	figs-rquestion		0	How long will your anger burn like fire?	The writer uses a question to emphasize that he does not want God to remain angry. Alternate translation: “Please do not continue being angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	89	46	y4fv	figs-simile		0	your anger burn like fire	God being very angry is spoken of as if his anger were a hot fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
-PSA	89	47	ajl2	figs-abstractnouns		0	for what uselessness you have created all the children of mankind	The abstract noun “uselessness” can be stated as “uselessly.” Alternate translation: “that you have created all people to die uselessly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	89	47	ajl2	figs-abstractnouns		0	for what uselessness you have created all the children of mankind	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **uselessness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “uselessly.” Alternate translation: “that you have created all people to die uselessly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	89	47	fe7m	figs-gendernotations		0	the children of mankind	This refers to humans in general. Alternate translation: “humans” or “people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
 PSA	89	48	er51	figs-rquestion		0	Who can live and not die, or rescue his own life from the hand of Sheol?	The writer uses these questions to emphasize that all people will die. Alternate translation: “No one can live forever or bring himself back to life after dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	89	48	gg9s	figs-metonymy		0	rescue his own life from the hand of Sheol	Here “hand” refers to power. The writer speaks of Sheol as if it were a person who has power over those who die. This could mean: (1) a person cannot bring himself back to life after dying or (2) a person cannot keep himself from dying. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
@@ -3409,8 +3409,8 @@ PSA	90	14	k6eg	figs-abstractnouns		0	with your covenant faithfulness	The abstrac
 PSA	90	15	z79l	figs-parallelism		0	in proportion to the days you afflicted us and to the years we have experienced trouble	Both of these phrases mean the same thing. The writer is asking Yahweh to make them happy for the same amount of time he punished them. Alternate translation: “for the same amount of time that you afflicted us and caused us to suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	90	16	tb62	figs-explicit		0	Let your servants	Here “your servants” refer to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Let us, your servants” or “Let us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 PSA	90	16	g2qt			0	let our children	Here “children” means children and descendants.
-PSA	90	16	sjz5	figs-abstractnouns		0	see your majesty	The abstract noun “majesty” can be stated as “great things.” Alternate translation: “see the great things you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	90	17	at2j	figs-abstractnouns		0	May the favor of the Lord our God be ours	The abstract noun “favor” can be stated as “be kind.” Alternate translation: “May the Lord our God be kind to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	90	16	sjz5	figs-abstractnouns		0	see your majesty	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **majesty**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “great things.” Alternate translation: “see the great things you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	90	17	at2j	figs-abstractnouns		0	May the favor of the Lord our God be ours	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **favor**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “be kind.” Alternate translation: “May the Lord our God be kind to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	90	17	ye67	figs-synecdoche		0	prosper the work of our hands	Here “hands” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “cause us to be successful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	91	intro	ye5h			0		# Psalm 091 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 91 is a wisdom psalm. Those who depend on God are protected by him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Fear<br>No matter what dangers befall a person, they do not need to fear. God is protecting them from all harm.
 PSA	91	1	xv6f	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
@@ -3424,7 +3424,7 @@ PSA	91	2	d5cu	figs-metaphor		0	my refuge and my fortress	A “refuge” is any p
 PSA	91	3	ss8i	figs-ellipsis		0	For he will rescue you from the snare of the hunter and from the deadly plague	The words that have been left out can be put in. Alternate translation: “For God will rescue you from the snare of the hunter and he will rescue you from the plagues that can kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 PSA	91	3	laj3			0	the snare of the hunter	Alternate translation: “from the snare that the hunter has set to catch you”
 PSA	91	4	k4cn	figs-metaphor		0	He will cover you with his wings, and under his wings you will find refuge	God’s protection is here referred to as “wings” which a bird uses to cover its’ young from danger. “Cover you with his wings” and “under his wings” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “He will keep you safe and protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
-PSA	91	4	j3p2	figs-metaphor		0	His trustworthiness is a shield and protection	God’s trustworthiness is here referred to as a “shield” which can protect people who rely on him. The abstract noun “trustworthiness” can be stated as “trust.” Alternate translation: “You can trust him to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	91	4	j3p2	figs-metaphor		0	His trustworthiness is a shield and protection	God’s trustworthiness is here referred to as a “shield” which can protect people who rely on him. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **trustworthiness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “trust.” Alternate translation: “You can trust him to protect you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	91	4	f8d9			0	protection	No one knows for sure what this word means. This could mean: (1) a small shield strapped to the forearm that soldiers used to defend themselves against arrows and swords or (2) a wall of stones set in a circle inside which soldiers could hide and shoot arrows.
 PSA	91	5	yp8k	figs-metonymy		0	terror in the night	The psalmist speaks of “terror” as if it were a spirit or fierce animal that could attack at night and so terrify people. Alternate translation: “things attacking you at night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	91	5	g6en	figs-merism		0	in the night … by day	These two phrases taken together refer to all possible times of night and day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
@@ -3627,7 +3627,7 @@ PSA	97	10	v6ge	figs-metonymy		0	he takes them out of the hand of the wicked	Here
 PSA	97	11	zi9a	figs-parallelism		0	Light is sown for … and gladness for	These two phrases have similar meanings and are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sows light for those who do right, and he sows gladness for those with honest hearts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 PSA	97	11	c84h	figs-metaphor		0	Light is sown for the righteous	The word “sown” is a metaphor for actions with future results. “Light” is a metaphor for good things. Alternate translation: “Yahweh plans for good things to happen to the righteous in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	97	11	s7rl	figs-nominaladj		0	the righteous	The adjective “righteous” can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “righteous people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
-PSA	97	11	a81f	figs-ellipsis		0	gladness for those with honest hearts	The words “is sown” are understood. The word “sown” is a metaphor for actions with future results. The abstract noun “gladness” can be stated as “happy.” Alternate translation: “gladness is sown for those with honest hearts” or “Yahweh plans for people with honest hearts to be happy in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	97	11	a81f	figs-ellipsis		0	gladness for those with honest hearts	The words “is sown” are understood. The word “sown” is a metaphor for actions with future results. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **gladness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “happy.” Alternate translation: “gladness is sown for those with honest hearts” or “Yahweh plans for people with honest hearts to be happy in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	97	11	tqu7	figs-synecdoche		0	those with honest hearts	The heart is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “honest people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	97	12	bkn2			0	General Information:	This verse has a command followed by the reason for the command. If your language requires the reason to precede the command: “Because of what Yahweh has done for you, you righteous people, be glad and give thanks when you remember his holiness.”
 PSA	97	12	h6wc	figs-idiom		0	Be glad in Yahweh	This idiom means to be glad because of what Yahweh has done. Alternate translation: “Be glad because of what Yahweh has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@@ -4485,7 +4485,7 @@ PSA	119	101	xel3	figs-synecdoche		0	kept my feet	Here “feet” represents the
 PSA	119	101	cs59			0	observe your word	Alternate translation: “obey your word” or “observe your commands”
 PSA	119	102	kf28	figs-metaphor		0	I have not turned aside from your righteous decrees	Continuing to obey God’s righteous decrees is spoken of as if the writer has not physically turned away from the righteous decrees. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I always obey your righteous decrees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
 PSA	119	103	t4ms	figs-metaphor		0	How sweet are your words to my taste, yes, sweeter than honey to my mouth!	The writer delighting in what God says is spoken of as if God’s words were food that tasted sweet to the writer. Alternate translation: “Your words are good and delightful!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	119	104	bv6d	figs-abstractnouns		0	I gain discernment	The abstract noun “discernment” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I learn to discern what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	119	104	bv6d	figs-abstractnouns		0	I gain discernment	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **discernment**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I learn to discern what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	119	104	p647	figs-metaphor		0	therefore I hate every false way	Evil behavior is spoken of as if it were a false way or road. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	119	105	b1vw	figs-doublet		0	Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light for my path	These two phrases have similar meanings. They speak about God telling a person how to live as if the person were walking on a path and God’s words were a light that helps the person see where to go. Alternate translation: “Your words tell me how to live my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	119	105	id73			0	Your word	Here “word” represents all that God communicates to people.
@@ -4519,11 +4519,11 @@ PSA	119	121	du8n			0	do not abandon me to my oppressors	Alternate translation:
 PSA	119	122	dv7q	figs-123person		0	Guarantee the welfare of your servant	The writer speaks about himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “Guarantee my welfare” or “Help and protect me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	119	122	x86e	figs-nominaladj		0	the proud	This nominal adjective can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “those who are proud” or “proud people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
 PSA	119	123	r56e	figs-synecdoche		0	My eyes grow tired as I wait	Here “eyes” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “I grow tired because I wait and wait” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	119	123	z4cn	figs-abstractnouns		0	for your salvation and for your righteous word	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “for you to save me as you promised to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	119	123	z4cn	figs-abstractnouns		0	for your salvation and for your righteous word	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “for you to save me as you promised to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	119	123	ptu5			0	your righteous word	Alternate translation: “your righteous promise”
 PSA	119	124	k6pq	figs-123person		0	Show your servant	The writer speaks about himself as “your servant.” Alternate translation: “Show me” or “Show me, your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	119	124	ygx1	figs-abstractnouns		0	your covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as an adverb or adjective. Alternate translation: “that you faithfully love me” or “that you are faithful to your covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PSA	119	125	van8	figs-abstractnouns		0	give me understanding	The abstract noun “understanding” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “enable me to understand what you want me to know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	119	125	van8	figs-abstractnouns		0	give me understanding	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **understanding**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “enable me to understand what you want me to know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	119	126	g82b	figs-123person		0	It is time for Yahweh to act	The writer is speaking to Yahweh in the third person. This can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “It is time for you to act, Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 PSA	119	126	n98z	figs-idiom		0	people have broken your law	This is an idiom. Here “have broken” means “disobeyed.” This is a way of saying the people have disobeyed God’s law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	119	128	z4ux	figs-metaphor		0	I carefully follow all your instructions	A person carefully obeying all of God’s instructions is spoken of as if as if the instructions were leading a person and that person follows behind. Alternate translation: I carefully obey all of your instructions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -4557,7 +4557,7 @@ PSA	119	152	zx3q	figs-metaphor		0	set them in place	The psalmist speaks of Yahwe
 PSA	119	153	i4e7	figs-metaphor		0	Look on my affliction	The psalmist speaks of affliction as if it were an object that people could see. Alternate translation: “Look at how much I am suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	119	154	rqf5			0	Plead my cause	Alternate translation: “Defend me against those who accuse me”
 PSA	119	154	l7lr			0	keep me	Alternate translation: “protect my life” or “give me life”
-PSA	119	155	cc3z	figs-metaphor		0	Salvation is far from the wicked	God not saving a person is spoken of as if salvation were far from the person. The abstract noun “Salvation” can be stated as “save.” Alternate translation: “You will certainly not save the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	119	155	cc3z	figs-metaphor		0	Salvation is far from the wicked	God not saving a person is spoken of as if salvation were far from the person. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **Salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “save.” Alternate translation: “You will certainly not save the wicked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	119	156	r4u3			0	Great are your merciful actions	Here “great” means “many.” Alternate translation: “You have shown mercy to people many times” or “You have done many merciful things”
 PSA	119	156	gus8			0	as you always do	Another possible meaning is “because you do what is just.”
 PSA	119	157	a4rf			0	My persecutors	Alternate translation: “Those who persecute me”
@@ -4583,7 +4583,7 @@ PSA	119	172	hk6w	figs-metaphor		0	my tongue sing	The psalmist speaks of his tong
 PSA	119	173	ui9f	figs-synecdoche		0	May your hand help me	The hand is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “Please help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 PSA	119	173	vx9b			0	have chosen	Alternate translation: “have chosen to obey”
 PSA	119	174	l3rh			0	for your rescue	Alternate translation: “you to rescue me”
-PSA	119	174	wa6g	figs-abstractnouns		0	your law is my delight	The abstract noun “delight” can be stated as a verb. “I very much enjoy obeying your law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	119	174	wa6g	figs-abstractnouns		0	your law is my delight	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **delight**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. “I very much enjoy obeying your law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	119	175	z1ep	figs-metaphor		0	may your righteous decrees help me	The psalmist speaks of Yahweh’s decrees as if they were a person who could help him. Alternate translation: “may I listen to your righteous decrees and so become wise and strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	119	176	xw7j	figs-simile		0	I have wandered off like a lost sheep	The psalmist compares his disobedience to Yahweh to a sheep that has wandered away from the flock. Alternate translation: “I have left your way like a sheep that has left its flock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 PSA	119	176	ap6x			0	seek your servant	Alternate translation: “because I am your servant, come and search for me”
@@ -4718,7 +4718,7 @@ PSA	130	intro	c2ly			0		# Psalm 130 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psa
 PSA	130	1	f4r9	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	130	1	h3vi	figs-metaphor		0	Out of the depths I	The author’s sadness is spoken of as if it were a container. His sadness comes from the bottom of the container. Sadness is often spoken of as being a container that fills from the top to the bottom. Alternate translation: “Because I am very sad, I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	130	2	i2dr	figs-synecdoche		0	let your ears be attentive	The ears represent Yahweh, but because the author knows that Yahweh hears everything, he is really asking for Yahweh to respond. Alternate translation: “please listen” or “please respond” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	130	2	cvz1	figs-abstractnouns		0	to my pleas for mercy	The abstract noun “mercy” can be stated as “merciful.” Alternate translation: “to my pleas and be merciful to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	130	2	cvz1	figs-abstractnouns		0	to my pleas for mercy	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **mercy**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “merciful.” Alternate translation: “to my pleas and be merciful to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	130	3	fu8l	figs-rquestion		0	who could stand?	The speaker uses this question to express the futility of thinking that anyone could stand in this situation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “no one could stand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 PSA	130	3	l8mj	figs-metonymy		0	who could stand	“Stand” often represents escaping or surviving when someone attacks. In this case, it would be to escape from being punished. Alternate translation: “no one could escape from your punishment” or “no one could survive your punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	130	6	lj6l	figs-synecdoche		0	My soul	“My soul” represents the psalmist. Alternate translation: “I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@@ -4861,7 +4861,7 @@ PSA	138	6	ly27	figs-metaphor		0	the proud he knows from far off	This expression
 PSA	138	7	se2w			0	walk	live, exist
 PSA	138	7	wu4n	figs-metaphor		0	in the middle of danger	Being in danger is spoken of as being in a physical place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PSA	138	7	ez6k	figs-metaphor		0	you will reach out with your hand against the anger of my enemies	God is spoken of as if he will strike the enemies with his hand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-PSA	138	7	uh62	figs-abstractnouns		0	anger of my enemies	The abstract noun “anger” can be stated as “angry.” Alternate translation: “my enemies, who are angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	138	7	uh62	figs-abstractnouns		0	anger of my enemies	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **anger**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “angry.” Alternate translation: “my enemies, who are angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	138	8	uma6	figs-abstractnouns		0	your covenant faithfulness, Yahweh, endures forever	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “you, Yahweh, remain faithful to your covenant forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	138	8	hc8j			0	the ones whom your hands have made	This expression probably refers to the nation of Israel.
 PSA	138	8	m81b	figs-metaphor		0	your hands have made	God is spoken of as if he had physically used hands to create. Alternate translation: “you have created” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -4922,7 +4922,7 @@ PSA	140	10	pqf9			0	bottomless pits	This is probably a reference to Sheol, the w
 PSA	140	11	sf31	figs-idiom		0	men of tongues	those who speak evil of others without cause (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PSA	140	11	i174			0	secure on the earth	Alternate translation: “safe in this life”
 PSA	140	11	k1fm	figs-personification		0	may evil hunt down the violent man	Here evil is spoken of as if it were someone taking revenge on another person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-PSA	140	12	em3r	figs-abstractnouns		0	he will give justice to the needy	The abstract noun “justice” can be stated as “just.” Alternate translation: “He will act in a just manner to help the needy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	140	12	em3r	figs-abstractnouns		0	he will give justice to the needy	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **justice**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “just.” Alternate translation: “He will act in a just manner to help the needy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	140	13	wfl7	figs-metonymy		0	to your name	This represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	141	intro	j6r9			0		# Psalm 141 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 141 is a psalm of deliverance from his enemies and from sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s correction<br>The author prayed that God would keep him from sinning. He is glad to be corrected by good people. He asked God to show that he is right by destroying the evil leaders of the people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/good]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])
 PSA	141	1	f34t	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
@@ -5071,7 +5071,7 @@ PSA	146	1	xb8v	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	Parallelism is common in H
 PSA	146	1	jq1j	figs-metonymy		0	Praise Yahweh, my soul	Here “soul” represents the writer’s inner being. The writer is commanding his inner being to praise Yahweh. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I will praise Yahweh with all my soul” or “I give praise to Yahweh with all my life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	146	2	isg7			0	with all my life	Alternate translation: “until I die” or “while I live”
 PSA	146	3	x34i	figs-synecdoche		0	in princes	Here “princes” represents all human leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-PSA	146	3	br6l	figs-abstractnouns		0	in mankind, in whom there is no salvation	The abstract noun “salvation” can be stated as “save.” Alternate translation: “in any person because they cannot save you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	146	3	br6l	figs-abstractnouns		0	in mankind, in whom there is no salvation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “save.” Alternate translation: “in any person because they cannot save you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	146	3	ure6			0	in mankind	Alternate translation: “in humankind” or “in people”
 PSA	146	4	xqq1	figs-euphemism		0	When a person’s life’s breath stops	This is a polite way to refer to someone dying. Alternate translation: When a person dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 PSA	146	4	c8h2	figs-explicit		0	he returns to the ground	This means that just as God made the first human, Adam, from the soil, so will a person’s body decay and become soil again when he dies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -5157,7 +5157,7 @@ PSA	149	6	pq93	figs-ellipsis		0	a two-edged sword in their hand	If swords are no
 PSA	149	7	c66f	figs-metonymy		0	the nations	The phrase “the nations” is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate translation: “the people of the nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PSA	149	8	ka3y			0	chains	These are made of heavy metal and restrict the movement of prisoners.
 PSA	149	8	ety5			0	shackles	a pair of chains or bands with a chain between that limits the movement of both a person’s hands or feet.
-PSA	149	9	jie7	figs-abstractnouns		0	They will execute the judgment that is written	The abstract noun “judgment” can be stated as “judge.” Alternate translation: “They will judge and punish the people of those nations as God wrote should be done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PSA	149	9	jie7	figs-abstractnouns		0	They will execute the judgment that is written	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **judgment**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “judge.” Alternate translation: “They will judge and punish the people of those nations as God wrote should be done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PSA	150	intro	r7f5			0		# Psalm 150 General Notes<br>## Type of psalm<br><br>Psalm 150 is a worship psalm. It is last in a series of worship psalms. (Psalms 144-150)<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Instruments<br>People should praise Yahweh with every type of musical instrument.
 PSA	150	1	jx5k	writing-poetry		0	General Information:	This focuses on praise or worship that is most commonly held in the temple. Parallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 PSA	150	1	djp3			0	Praise God in his holy place	God’s temple was often referred to as his holy place. This was the most common place to go to worship God.

en_tn_20-PRO.tsv

@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ PRO	1	27	uy59			0	whirlwind	a very strong wind storm that causes damage
 PRO	1	28	m9t9	figs-personification		0		Wisdom continues speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 PRO	1	28	g5w7			0	Then they will call upon me	Alternate translation: “Then those who ignored me will cry out to me for help”
 PRO	1	29	xk1e	figs-abstractnouns		0	Because they hate knowledge	The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as the verb “learn.” Alternate translation: “Because they refused to learn to be wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PRO	1	29	iu3z	figs-abstractnouns		0	did not choose the fear of Yahweh	The abstract noun “fear” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “did not fear Yahweh” or “did not honor and respect Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	1	29	iu3z	figs-abstractnouns		0	did not choose the fear of Yahweh	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **fear**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “did not fear Yahweh” or “did not honor and respect Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	1	30	h1ds			0	would not follow my instruction	Alternate translation: “would not accept my instruction” or “rejected my advice”
 PRO	1	31	nr9k			0	General Information:	Verse 33 ends wisdom’s statement that began in [Proverbs 1:22](../01/22.md).
 PRO	1	31	wkf7	figs-metaphor		0	eat the fruit of their ways	Here a person’s behavior is spoken of as if it were a way or road. Also, a person receiving the results of their behavior is spoken as if the person were eating the fruit of their behavior. Alternate translation: “experience the consequences of their actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	1	31	c1jc	figs-metaphor		0	with the fruit of their schemes they will be filled	“they will eat the fruit of their schemes until they are full.” A person receiving the results of their own evil plans is spoken of as eating the fruit of their schemes. Alternate translation: “they will suffer the consequences of their own evil plans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	1	32	t8af			0	naive	inexperienced or immature
 PRO	1	32	d3pk	figs-metaphor		0	are killed when they turn away	A person rejecting wisdom is spoken of as if the person physically turns away from wisdom. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “die because they refuse to learn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-PRO	1	32	le64	figs-abstractnouns		0	the indifference of fools will destroy them	The abstract noun “indifference” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “fools will die because they do not care about what should be done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	1	32	le64	figs-abstractnouns		0	the indifference of fools will destroy them	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **indifference**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “fools will die because they do not care about what should be done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	1	32	cmi9			0	indifference	a lack of interest about something
 PRO	2	intro	wr6i			0		# Proverbs 2 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 2 continues a collection of proverbs that ends in chapter nine.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### My Son<br>Occasionally, the author addresses a proverb to “my son.” This is not intended to restrict the words of that proverb to only males. Instead, it is simply a form used to pass on advice as a father does to his son.
 PRO	2	1	gj7r	figs-parallelism		0	General Information:	A father teaches his child using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ PRO	15	17	ux23	figs-abstractnouns		0	where there is love	The word “love” can
 PRO	15	17	m9u4	figs-activepassive		0	a fatted calf served with hatred	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “a fatted calf that someone serves with hatred” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PRO	15	17	x4f2	figs-metonymy		0	a fatted calf	This refers to a calf that has been fed a lot of food so that it will become fat. Here it represents a delicious meal or a feast. Alternate translation: “a luxurious meal” or “a feast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PRO	15	17	vw92	figs-abstractnouns		0	with hatred	The word “hatred” can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “where people hate one another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-PRO	15	18	p4ji	figs-metaphor		0	stirs up arguments	Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. The abstract noun “arguments” can be stated as “argue.” Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	15	18	p4ji	figs-metaphor		0	stirs up arguments	Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **arguments**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “argue.” Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	15	19	awv2	figs-metaphor		0	The path of the sluggard … the path of the upright	The writer speaks of a person’s life as if it were a path on which the person walks. Alternate translation: “The life of the sluggard … the life of the upright” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	15	19	gy92	figs-simile		0	The path of the sluggard is like a place with a hedge of thorns	The writer compares the lifestyle of the sluggard with trying to walk through a hedge of thorns. Both cause the person to suffer pain. Alternate translation: “The life of the sluggard is like a person trying to walk through a hedge of thorns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 PRO	15	19	zqz8	figs-metaphor		0	the path of the upright is a built-up highway	The writer speaks of the blessings that upright people experience in life as if they were walking on a smooth road. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ PRO	19	25	k69j			0	Strike a mocker	Alternate translation: “Punish a mocker”
 PRO	19	25	zh2b			0	naive person	Alternate translation: “inexperienced person” or “immature person”
 PRO	19	25	v49d			0	prudent	See how you translated this word in [Proverbs 12:23](../12/23.md).
 PRO	19	25	m391			0	discipline one who is discerning, and	Alternate translation: “if you discipline one who is discerning,”
-PRO	19	25	wwq5	figs-abstractnouns		0	he will gain knowledge	The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as “know.” Alternate translation: “he will know more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	19	25	wwq5	figs-abstractnouns		0	he will gain knowledge	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **knowledge**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “know.” Alternate translation: “he will know more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	19	26	g233	figs-explicit		0	brings shame and reproach	This could mean: (1) he brings it to himself. Alternate translation: “brings shame and reproach to himself” or (2) he brings it to his family. Alternate translation: “brings shame and reproach to his family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 PRO	19	27	n4av	figs-metonymy		0	If you cease to hear instruction	Here “listening and obeying” is spoken of as if it were “hearing.” Alternate translation: “If you stop paying attention to instruction” or “If you stop obeying instruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PRO	19	27	s24z			0	you will stray from	Alternate translation: “you will abandon” or “you will turn your back on”
@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@ PRO	20	26	sy6b			0	threshing wheel	“threshing cart.” This is a tool used to
 PRO	20	27	x5vx	figs-metaphor		0	The spirit of a person is the lamp of Yahweh, searching all his inmost parts	This speaks of a person’s spirit as if it were a lamp. A person’s spirit helps him to understand his inner self. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has given us a spirit to understand our deepest selves, just as a lamp makes you see in the dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	20	28	f9he	figs-activepassive		0	Covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness preserve the king	The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The king preserves himself by being trustworthy and faithful to the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	20	28	dyd6			0	preserve the king	keep the king safe from harm
-PRO	20	28	dym8	figs-metonymy		0	his throne is made secure by love	Here “throne” represents the king’s power to rule. The abstract noun “love” can be stated as a verb. Also, If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a king ensures that he will rule for a long time by loving others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+PRO	20	28	dym8	figs-metonymy		0	his throne is made secure by love	Here “throne” represents the king’s power to rule. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **love**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Also, If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a king ensures that he will rule for a long time by loving others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PRO	20	30	g7u1	figs-parallelism		0	Blows that make a wound cleanse away evil and beatings make the innermost parts clean	Both statements mean the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. Using physical punishment to correct a person is spoken of as if the evil were dirt and the beatings cleansed him. Alternate translation: “Beating a person who has done wrong will correct him and cause him to be a better person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	21	intro	ge8s			0		# Proverbs 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 21 continues the section of the book which is attributed to Solomon and is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Themes<br><br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
 PRO	21	1	w5md	figs-metaphor		0	The king’s heart is a stream of water in the hand of Yahweh	The writer speaks of the king’s heart as if it were an irrigation ditch in a dry area through which people direct water to plants that need it. Alternate translation: “Yahweh controls the king’s heart as a man directs water for irrigation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -1345,7 +1345,7 @@ PRO	22	17	nnv4			0	General Information:	Verse 17 begins the introduction to a ne
 PRO	22	17	lgs9	figs-synecdoche		0	Incline your ear and listen	Here the word “ear” represents the person who is listening. The writer speaks of listening attentively to someone as if it were leaning forward so that the ear is closer to the one speaking. See how you translated “incline your ear” in [Proverbs 4:20](../04/20.md). Alternate translation: “Pay attention and listen” or “Listen attentively” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 PRO	22	17	l38x			0	the words of the wise	Alternate translation: “what wise people say”
 PRO	22	17	pi8n	figs-idiom		0	apply your heart to	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “do your best to understand and remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-PRO	22	17	i9n2	figs-abstractnouns		0	my knowledge	The person speaking is probably the same as the father from [Proverbs 1:8](../01/08.md). He may be speaking of “the words of the wise” as “my knowledge.” The abstract noun “knowledge” can be stated as “know.” Alternate translation: “the knowledge I have, which I am sharing with you” or “what I know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	22	17	i9n2	figs-abstractnouns		0	my knowledge	The person speaking is probably the same as the father from [Proverbs 1:8](../01/08.md). He may be speaking of “the words of the wise” as “my knowledge.” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **knowledge**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “know.” Alternate translation: “the knowledge I have, which I am sharing with you” or “what I know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	22	18	nl9j	figs-metonymy		0	all of them are ready on your lips	The person being ready to speak is spoken of as if it were the words that were ready. Alternate translation: “you are able to speak of them at any time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 PRO	22	19	wr39			0	today—even to you	“today. Yes, I am teaching you,” The speaker is emphasizing that it is the hearer, not someone else whom he is teaching, and he is teaching the hearer because the hearer needs to learn. If it is awkward in your language to emphasize in this way, you can emphasize in another way or the words “even to you” can be left untranslated.
 PRO	22	20	bb5s			0	General Information:	These verses continue and end the introduction that began in [Proverbs 22:17](./17.md).
@@ -1836,7 +1836,7 @@ PRO	29	20	qfr9	figs-rquestion		0	See a man who is hasty in his words?	The writer
 PRO	29	21	k1j6			0	who pampers his slave	Alternate translation: “who allows his slave to avoid work and who treats his slave better than he treats other slaves”
 PRO	29	21	qas4			0	at the end of it	Alternate translation: “at the end of the slave’s youth” or “when the slave is grown”
 PRO	29	21	qs95			0	there will be trouble	These words translate a Hebrew word whose meaning no one knows for sure. Some understand it to mean that the slave will be weak, others that the slave will rule the household.
-PRO	29	22	s7ha	figs-metaphor		0	stirs up strife	Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. The abstract noun “strife” can be stated as “argue.” See how you translated similar words in [Proverbs 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” or “causes people to argue and fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	29	22	s7ha	figs-metaphor		0	stirs up strife	Causing people to argue more is spoken of as if it were stirring up or awakening arguments. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strife**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “argue.” See how you translated similar words in [Proverbs 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “causes people to argue more” or “causes people to argue and fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	29	22	ad7m	figs-idiom		0	a master of rage	This idiom means “a person who becomes angry easily.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 PRO	29	23	z268	figs-activepassive		0	one who has a humble spirit will be given honor	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “men will give honor to a person who has a humble spirit” or “a person who has a humble spirit will receive honor from men” or “Yahweh will cause men to honor a person who has a humble spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PRO	29	24	jpz1			0	hates his own life	Alternate translation: “becomes his own enemy”
@@ -1845,7 +1845,7 @@ PRO	29	25	t7d5	figs-metaphor		0	The fear of man makes a snare	Being afraid of wh
 PRO	29	25	k5l2			0	a snare	a trap that catches animals with ropes
 PRO	29	25	t3gk	figs-activepassive		0	the one who trusts in Yahweh will be protected	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will protect the one who trusts in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 PRO	29	26	sa3k	figs-metonymy		0	Many are those who seek the face of the ruler	The word “face” is a metonym for the ruler listening to people telling him what they want him to do and then doing it. Alternate translation: “Many people want their ruler to pay attention to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-PRO	29	26	w96b	figs-abstractnouns		0	from Yahweh is justice for a person	It is Yahweh, not human rulers, who will see that people treat a person justly. The abstract noun “justice” can be stated as “just.” Alternate translation: “it is Yahweh who is truly just towards a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+PRO	29	26	w96b	figs-abstractnouns		0	from Yahweh is justice for a person	It is Yahweh, not human rulers, who will see that people treat a person justly. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **justice**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “just.” Alternate translation: “it is Yahweh who is truly just towards a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 PRO	29	27	c4s9			0	detestable	a person who should be hated. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).
 PRO	30	intro	aud8			0		# Proverbs 30 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Chapter 30 is a chapter in Proverbs attributed to Agur, who is a person otherwise unknown.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Agur<br><br>His full title is Agur, Son of Jakeh. Agur comes from a Hebrew word that means “gatherer” and so some scholars believe this is not a real name, but possibly a way of referring to Solomon as a gatherer of proverbs. However, it is still prudent to simply use this as a name.<br><br>### Three things and four<br><br>From verses 15 through 32, the author uses a specific technique to explain some things. He says there are three things and even four and lists items that exemplify a feature like “small and yet wise.” The numbering is not meant to be so literal, but as a memory device that introduces the items. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/wise]])<br><br>### Themes<br>There are individual proverbs that run along common themes, often including contrasting elements: wise/foolish, money, lazy/diligent, truth telling, wicked/righteous, sluggard, pride/humility, integrity/crookedness. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/foolish]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])
 PRO	30	1	u8l9	translate-names		0	Agur … Jakeh … Ithiel … Ucal	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

en_tn_21-ECC.tsv

@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ ECC	11	9	kq46	figs-parallelism		0	Take joy, young man, in your youth, and let yo
 ECC	11	9	h2ec	figs-metonymy		0	let your heart be joyful	Here the word “heart” represents the emotions. Alternate translation: “be joyful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ECC	11	9	vv5u	figs-metonymy		0	Pursue the good desires of your heart	Here the word “heart” may represent the mind or emotions. Alternate translation: “Pursue the good things that you desire” or “Pursue the good things that you have determined to pursue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ECC	11	9	si2a	figs-synecdoche		0	whatever is within the sight of your eyes	Here “eyes” represent the whole person. Alternate translation: “whatever you see that you desire” or “whatever you see to be best” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
-ECC	11	9	u7ek	figs-abstractnouns		0	God will bring you into judgment for all these things	The abstract noun “judgment” can be stated as “judge” or “make you account” Alternate translation: “God will judge you for all these things” or “God will make you account for all of your actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ECC	11	9	u7ek	figs-abstractnouns		0	God will bring you into judgment for all these things	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **judgment**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “judge” or “make you account” Alternate translation: “God will judge you for all these things” or “God will make you account for all of your actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ECC	11	10	tu41	figs-metaphor		0	Drive anger away from your heart	Refusing to be angry is spoken of as if anger were something that can be forced away. Also, “heart” represents a person’s emotions. Alternate translation: “Refuse to be angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ECC	11	10	y37w	figs-metaphor		0	because youth and its strength are vapor	The authors speaks of things as being useless and meaningless as if they were “vapor” Just as vapor disappears and does not last, the author speaks of things having no lasting value. See how you translated “vapor” in [Ecclesiastes 1:14](../01/14.md). Alternate translation: “because youth and its strength will not last forever” or “because you will not be young and strong forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ECC	12	intro	qx5w			0		# Ecclesiastes 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:1-7 and 12:13-14.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Advice<br>This chapter gives a series of disconnected pieces of advice. Translators should not try to smooth the transitions between these pieces of advice. The advice in these statements do not apply in every situation. Therefore, they should be seen as “good ideas.”<br><br>### Yahweh<br>At the end of a very impressive life, Solomon looks back and sees that the only real lasting thing in this world is Yahweh. The purpose of his life was to honor Yahweh, something he should have done far more throughout his life. Therefore, he felt that his life was wasted. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ ECC	12	4	egr6	figs-explicit		0	when men are startled at the voice of a bird	It i
 ECC	12	4	hg6p	figs-metaphor		0	the singing of girls’ voices fades away	Here “girls” may be a metaphor for the birds. Alternate translation: “the songs of the birds fade away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ECC	12	5	jib4	translate-unknown		0	when the almond tree blossoms	The “almond tree” is a tree that blossoms in the winter with white flowers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
 ECC	12	5	p5ym	translate-unknown		0	when grasshoppers drag themselves along	A grasshopper is a large, straight-winged insect with long, jointed back legs that give it the ability to jump a long way. Here it can only drag itself because it has gotten old and weak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-ECC	12	5	zjw9	figs-abstractnouns		0	when natural desires fail	The abstract noun “desires” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “when people no longer desire what they once did naturally” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ECC	12	5	zjw9	figs-abstractnouns		0	when natural desires fail	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desires**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “when people no longer desire what they once did naturally” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ECC	12	5	tea9	figs-euphemism		0	Then man goes to his eternal home	This refers to death. Alternate translation: “Then man goes to the place of the dead forever” or “Then a person dies and never returns to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 ECC	12	5	m24n			0	the mourners go down the streets	This could mean: (1) that mourners go down the streets to attend a funeral, or (2) that mourners go down the streets to the house of the person who is about to die.
 ECC	12	6	buj9	figs-idiom		0	Call to mind	This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “Remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

en_tn_23-ISA.tsv

@@ -939,7 +939,7 @@ ISA	16	2	r8tb	figs-doublet		0	As wandering birds, as a scattered nest	These two
 ISA	16	3	sm3j	figs-metaphor		0	provide some shade like night in the middle of the day	The heat of the middle of the day represents the Moabites’ suffering from their enemies, and shade represents protection from their enemies. Comparing the shade to night shows that they want strong protection. Alternate translation: “protect us completely from our enemies as a large shadow protects people from the hot sun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 ISA	16	4	kq3e			0	Let them live among you, the refugees from Moab	“Allow the refugees from Moab to live with you.” Here “you” refers to the people of Judah.
 ISA	16	4	q1sn	figs-metaphor		0	be a hiding place for them from the destroyer	Providing a hiding place is spoken of as being a hiding place. Alternate translation: “give them a place to hide from those who are trying to destroy them” or “hide them from those who want to destroy them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-ISA	16	5	uvx1	figs-metonymy		0	A throne will be established in covenant faithfulness	Here “throne” refers to the power to rule as king. The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will be faithful to the covenant and he will appoint a king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+ISA	16	5	uvx1	figs-metonymy		0	A throne will be established in covenant faithfulness	Here “throne” refers to the power to rule as king. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will be faithful to the covenant and he will appoint a king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 ISA	16	5	v5l7	figs-metonymy		0	one from David’s tent will faithfully sit there	Here “David’s tent” represents David’s family, including his descendants. Sitting on the throne represents ruling. Alternate translation: “a descendant of David will rule faithfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	16	5	e78m	figs-metaphor		0	as he seeks justice	Seeking justice represents wanting to do what is just. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ISA	16	6	k39y	figs-metonymy		0	We have heard of Moab’s pride, his arrogance, his boasting, and his anger	The words “Moab’s” and “his” refer to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “We have heard that the people of Moab are proud and arrogant, boastful and angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ ISA	22	6	qte5	figs-metonymy		0	Elam takes up the quiver	The quiver is a bag to c
 ISA	22	6	v2pq	figs-metonymy		0	Kir lays the shield bare	Here “Kir” represents the soldiers. Alternate translation: “the soldiers of Kir will take their shields out of their covers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	22	6	x6a2	translate-names		0	Kir	Kir is a city in Media. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 ISA	22	7	hn61			0	your choicest valleys	Here “your” refers to the people of Jerusalem. Isaiah does include himself as one of the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “our best valleys”
-ISA	22	8	yr3v	figs-abstractnouns		0	He took away the protection of Judah	The abstract noun “protection” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will take away everything that has protected the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	22	8	yr3v	figs-abstractnouns		0	He took away the protection of Judah	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **protection**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will take away everything that has protected the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	22	8	a1h5	figs-idiom		0	you looked in that day to the weapons	Here the phrase “to look to” means to trust in something. Alternate translation: “to defend yourselves you will get the weapons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 ISA	22	8	mz5j			0	Palace of the Forest	This was a part of the temple in Jerusalem where they stored their weapons.
 ISA	22	9	b84f	figs-explicit		0	you collected the water of the lower pool	The people will store water so that they will have enough to drink while their enemies surround the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ ISA	24	10	rk9d	figs-activepassive		0	every house is closed up and empty	If your
 ISA	24	11	s8c8			0	because of the wine	Alternate translation: “because there is no wine”
 ISA	24	11	wxr1	figs-parallelism		0	all joy is darkened, the gladness of the land has disappeared	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “all joy will be gone from the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 ISA	24	11	y34e	figs-metonymy		0	gladness of the land	Here “land” represents the people of the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-ISA	24	12	dme3	figs-abstractnouns		0	In the city is left a desolation	The abstract noun “desolation” can be stated as “desolate” or “empty.” Alternate translation: “The city is desolate” or “The city is left empty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	24	12	dme3	figs-abstractnouns		0	In the city is left a desolation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desolation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “desolate” or “empty.” Alternate translation: “The city is desolate” or “The city is left empty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	24	12	zs7r	figs-genericnoun		0	In the city	This is not a specific city but cities in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 ISA	24	13	j5j7	figs-simile		0	as when an olive tree is beaten, as the gleanings when the grape harvest is done	This compares the nations after Yahweh devastates the land to trees and vines after their fruit has been picked. This means there will be very few people left in the land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 ISA	24	14	zd27	figs-idiom		0	They will lift up their voices and shout the majesty of Yahweh	The phrase “lift up their voices” is an idiom that means to speak loudly. Alternate translation: “They will sing and shout about the majesty of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@@ -1339,7 +1339,7 @@ ISA	24	23	jhu9	figs-personification		0	Then the moon will be ashamed, and the su
 ISA	25	intro	p6t1			0		# Isaiah 25 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter.<br><br>This chapter shifts from being a prophecy against the nations to the personal praises of Isaiah. He praises Yahweh for the deliverance of his people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Reign of the Messiah<br>This chapter appears to prophesy about a time of restoration when the Messiah will reign. This chapter pictures a time of great peace and harmony in the world. The translator should not add explanation, but should try to maintain the tense of the original text, as a future or uncompleted action. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]])
 ISA	25	1	fw3y	figs-metonymy		0	praise your name	Here “name” represents Yahweh. Alternate translation: “praise you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	25	1	e938	figs-activepassive		0	things planned long ago	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “things you planned long ago” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-ISA	25	1	th82	figs-abstractnouns		0	in perfect faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “because you are perfectly faithful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	25	1	th82	figs-abstractnouns		0	in perfect faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “because you are perfectly faithful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	25	2	a6p6	figs-genericnoun		0	the city	This is not referring to a certain city. It means cities in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
 ISA	25	2	f62g			0	a fortress of strangers	Alternate translation: “a fortress belonging to foreigners”
 ISA	25	3	s2dv	figs-metonymy		0	a city of ruthless nations	Here “city” and “nations” represent the people who live there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ ISA	26	14	yt3t	figs-metaphor		0	made every memory of them to perish	Yahweh causi
 ISA	26	15	mic5	figs-parallelism		0	You have increased the nation, Yahweh, you have increased the nation	This clause is repeated for emphasis. Here “nation” represents the people. Alternate translation: “You have greatly increased the number of people in our nation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	26	16	m26y	figs-123person		0	they looked to you	Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. This would include Isaiah. Alternate translation: “we looked to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 ISA	26	16	vn3a	figs-idiom		0	looked to you	This idiom means they asked Yahweh for help. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-ISA	26	16	q3db	figs-abstractnouns		0	when your discipline was on them	The abstract noun “discipline” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “when you disciplined them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	26	16	q3db	figs-abstractnouns		0	when your discipline was on them	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **discipline**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “when you disciplined them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	26	17	w2a9	figs-simile		0	As a pregnant woman … cries out in her labor pains	This compares the people to a woman giving birth. This emphasizes their suffering and crying when Yahweh disciplined them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 ISA	26	18	j8g2	figs-simile		0	but it is as if we have only given birth to wind	“but it is as if we have only given birth to air” or “it is like we gave birth to nothing.” This is a simile that emphasizes that the people’s suffering resulted in nothing. Alternate translation: “but nothing good resulted from it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 ISA	26	18	qd8n	figs-metonymy		0	We have not brought salvation to the earth, and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen	Here “earth” represents the people who live on the earth. The meaning is unclear, but it seems to mean that the people of Israel have not been able to save themselves or other people by defeating their enemy in battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -1503,8 +1503,8 @@ ISA	28	10	fb5v			0	For it is command upon command, command upon command; rule up
 ISA	28	11	hfl6	figs-synecdoche		0	with mocking lips and a foreign tongue he will speak to this people	Here “lips” and “tongue” represent the foreigners who speak a different language than the Israelites do. It is implied that this refers to the Assyrian army that will attack Israel. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will speak to this people through enemy soldiers who will speak a foreign language” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 ISA	28	11	kb8u			0	mocking lips	Alternate translation: “stammering lips”
 ISA	28	12	gkx1	figs-abstractnouns		0	This is the rest	The abstract noun “rest” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “This is the resting place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-ISA	28	12	se68	figs-abstractnouns		0	give rest to him who is weary	The abstract noun “rest” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “let whoever is tired come and rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-ISA	28	12	v7ew	figs-abstractnouns		0	this is the refreshing	The abstract noun “refreshing” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “this is the place where you can be refreshed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	28	12	se68	figs-abstractnouns		0	give rest to him who is weary	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **rest**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “let whoever is tired come and rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	28	12	v7ew	figs-abstractnouns		0	this is the refreshing	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **refreshing**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “this is the place where you can be refreshed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	28	13	z6r4			0	So the word of Yahweh	Alternate translation: “So Yahweh’s message”
 ISA	28	13	ds6z			0	command upon command, command upon command; rule upon rule, rule upon rule; here a little, there a little	These are the words that the drunk priests and prophets used to criticize how Isaiah teaches them. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 28:10](../28/10.md).
 ISA	28	13	i6sd	figs-activepassive		0	so that they may go and fall backward, and be broken, ensnared, and captured	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in order that the army of Assyria will come and defeat them and take them as captives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -2195,7 +2195,7 @@ ISA	40	4	m9td	figs-activepassive		0	and the rugged land will be made level, and
 ISA	40	5	ys59	figs-activepassive		0	the glory of Yahweh will be revealed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will reveal his glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 ISA	40	5	sf3k	figs-synecdoche		0	for the mouth of Yahweh has spoken it	The word “mouth” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “for Yahweh has spoken it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 ISA	40	6	slv6	figs-metaphor		0	All flesh is grass	The word “flesh” refers to people. The speaker speaks of humans as if they are grass, because they both die quickly. Alternate translation: “All people are like grass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-ISA	40	6	tzv2	figs-simile		0	all their covenant faithfulness is like the flower of the field	The speaker compares the covenant faithfulness of people to flowers that bloom and then die quickly. The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “they quickly stop being faithful to the covenant, just like a flower of the field dies quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	40	6	tzv2	figs-simile		0	all their covenant faithfulness is like the flower of the field	The speaker compares the covenant faithfulness of people to flowers that bloom and then die quickly. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “they quickly stop being faithful to the covenant, just like a flower of the field dies quickly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	40	6	h3q7			0	covenant faithfulness	This could mean: (1) covenant faithfulness or (2) beauty.
 ISA	40	7	m65h			0	when the breath of Yahweh blows on it	This could mean: (1) “when Yahweh blows his breath on it” or (2) “when Yahweh sends a wind to blow on it.”
 ISA	40	7	p8bp	figs-metaphor		0	humanity is grass	The speaker speaks of humans as if they are grass, because they both die quickly. Alternate translation: “people die as quickly as grass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -2915,7 +2915,7 @@ ISA	54	6	mj4h	figs-metaphor		0	Yahweh has called you back as a wife … like a w
 ISA	54	6	c9rt	figs-metonymy		0	grieved in spirit	Here “spirit” represents a person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “grieved” or “made sad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	54	8	w36x	figs-metaphor		0	In a flood of anger	Yahweh being very angry is spoken of as if his anger were a flood that overwhelms people. Alternate translation: “When I was very angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ISA	54	8	lz5y	figs-idiom		0	I hid my face from you	Here “hid my face” is an idiom that means God abandoned his people and let them suffer. Alternate translation: “I abandoned you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-ISA	54	8	ued4	figs-abstractnouns		0	but with everlasting covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “but because I always am faithful to my covenant with you” or “but because I am always faithful to do what I promise to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	54	8	ued4	figs-abstractnouns		0	but with everlasting covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “but because I always am faithful to my covenant with you” or “but because I am always faithful to do what I promise to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	54	8	r671	figs-123person		0	says Yahweh, the one who rescues you	Here Yahweh speaks about himself in the third person. It can be stated in first person. Alternate translation: “that is what I, Yahweh, your rescuer, say to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
 ISA	54	9	xuf9	figs-explicit		0	the waters of Noah	This refers to the flood that Yahweh caused during the time of Noah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 ISA	54	10	z7di	figs-hypo		0	Though the mountains may fall and the hills be shaken, yet my steadfast love	Yahweh describes a hypothetical condition to explain what would happen even if those conditions were met. Alternate translation: “Even if the mountains fell and the hills shook, my steadfast love” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
@@ -2986,7 +2986,7 @@ ISA	56	10	tz9w	figs-metaphor		0	They are all silent dogs	The leaders are suppose
 ISA	56	10	r63i			0	They dream, and lying down they love to sleep	This means the leaders are not bringing God’s word of warning to Israel but prefer their own comfort.
 ISA	56	11	ub1k	figs-metaphor		0	The dogs have big appetites	Yahweh continues comparing Israel’s bad leaders to dogs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ISA	57	intro	miv3			0		# Isaiah 57 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Child sacrifice<br>This chapter references the killing of children. Some religions in the ancient Near East practiced the sacrificing of their children. This was considered evil by Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Mocking<br>The people abandoned the worship of Yahweh in favor of other gods. When they needed help, he tells them to ask these false gods. This is mocking the power of the false gods and shows the people the uselessness of their worship of these gods. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])
-ISA	57	1	r38x	figs-abstractnouns		0	the people of covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “the people who are faithful to the covenant” or “the people who are faithful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	57	1	r38x	figs-abstractnouns		0	the people of covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “the people who are faithful to the covenant” or “the people who are faithful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	57	1	mfl3	figs-euphemism		0	are gathered away … is gathered away	“die and go away … dies and goes away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 ISA	57	1	u6v1	figs-activepassive		0	that the righteous is gathered away from the evil	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the righteous people die, and Yahweh takes them away from all that is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 ISA	57	2	zn46			0	He enters into peace	Alternate translation: “The righteous enter into peace”
@@ -3196,7 +3196,7 @@ ISA	63	4	p1bl	figs-metonymy		0	the year for my redemption	Here “year” refers
 ISA	63	5	f8a2	figs-metonymy		0	but my own arm	Here “arm” represents power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ISA	63	6	xdg5	figs-metaphor		0	made them drunk in my wrath	This means Yahweh made them stunned and senseless by his full wrath and punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ISA	63	6	v3ih	figs-metaphor		0	I poured out their blood	Here “blood” represents the life of Yahweh’s enemies that was gushing out so they would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-ISA	63	7	e55q	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will tell of the acts of Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “I will tell about how God has acted faithfully to his covenant” or “I will tell about all the faithful things God has done for his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ISA	63	7	e55q	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will tell of the acts of Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated “covenant faithfulness” in [Isaiah 16:5](../16/05.md). Alternate translation: “I will tell about how God has acted faithfully to his covenant” or “I will tell about all the faithful things God has done for his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ISA	63	7	d6e5			0	I will tell	Here “I” refers to Isaiah.
 ISA	63	7	x88u	figs-exclusive		0	done for us	Here “us” refers to Isaiah and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 ISA	63	9	gd1d			0	Through all their suffering	“Through all our suffering.” Here “their” refers to the people of Israel. Isaiah included himself as a member of the people.

en_tn_24-JER.tsv

@@ -2029,7 +2029,7 @@ JER	31	2	ht7e	figs-idiom		0	The people who have survived the sword have found fa
 JER	31	2	ml2j	figs-metonymy		0	who have survived the sword	The word “sword” is a metonym for war. Alternate translation: “who have survived the war” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	31	2	kc9p			0	wilderness; I will go out to give rest to Israel	Another possible meaning is “wilderness, where Israel went out to find rest.”
 JER	31	3	egs4	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh appeared to me	Jeremiah speaks of himself as if he were the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-JER	31	3	rmr8	figs-abstractnouns		0	I have drawn you toward myself with covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “I have been faithful to my covenant and brought you near to me” or “I have faithfully loved you and brought you near to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	31	3	rmr8	figs-abstractnouns		0	I have drawn you toward myself with covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “I have been faithful to my covenant and brought you near to me” or “I have faithfully loved you and brought you near to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	31	4	bv1q	figs-activepassive		0	I will build you up again so you will be built	Yahweh purposefully repeats the idea that he will build Israel to emphasize it. If your language can only use active verbs and has some other way to emphasize the idea, you may want to use it here. Alternate translation: “I will build you up again. Remember this: I will build you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 JER	31	4	bt11	figs-personification		0	virgin Israel	It was common to refer to nations as if they were women. However, “virgin” makes a person think about a young woman who has never married and so has never had the opportunity to be faithless to her husband. Therefore, calling Israel a virgin is an ironic use of language. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 18:13](../18/13.md). Alternate translation: “Israel, who falsely pretends to be fully devoted to me” or “my faithless people Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
 JER	31	4	v1aw	translate-unknown		0	tambourines	musical instruments with heads like a drum that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
@@ -2153,7 +2153,7 @@ JER	32	15	g6gc	figs-activepassive		0	Houses, fields, and vineyards will again be
 JER	32	16	puz1			0	the receipt of purchase	This means the sealed scroll and the unsealed scroll.
 JER	32	17	xs6m	writing-background		0	Woe, Lord Yahweh! Look!	The word “woe” here indicates that in this prayer Jeremiah is sad, complaining or lamenting. The word “look” here indicates that the next words are an introduction or background for the most important part of the prayer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
 JER	32	17	r8xl	figs-metonymy		0	by your great strength and with your raised arm	The phrase “raised arm” is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the words “your great strength” and “your raised arm” form a doublet. Alternate translation: “by your great power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
-JER	32	18	zsm3	figs-abstractnouns		0	You show covenant faithfulness to thousands	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You are faithful to your covenant towards thousands” or “You keep your promise and faithfully love thousands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	32	18	zsm3	figs-abstractnouns		0	You show covenant faithfulness to thousands	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “You are faithful to your covenant towards thousands” or “You keep your promise and faithfully love thousands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	32	18	cd54	figs-metonymy		0	pour the guilt of men into the laps of their children after them	The word “guilt” is a metonym for Yahweh punishing people because they are guilty of doing evil things. Yahweh punishing people is spoken of as if he were pouring a large container full of liquid or small objects into people’s laps as they sit. Alternate translation: “you punish children for the sins of their parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	32	19	zh7i	figs-metonymy		0	for your eyes are open to all the ways of people	Open eyes are a metonym for what the person sees. How a person lives is spoken of as if he were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “You see everything that people do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	32	19	jhc8	figs-abstractnouns		0	to give to each man what his conduct and deeds deserve	The abstract nouns “conduct” and “deeds,” which are similar in meaning, can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: “and will reward everyone according to how good or evil the things they do are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
@@ -2668,7 +2668,7 @@ JER	42	1	jc5i	translate-names		0	Johanan … Kareah	See how you translated these
 JER	42	1	w479	translate-names		0	Jezaniah … Hoshaiah	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 JER	42	1	h1f8	figs-merism		0	all the people from the least to the greatest	This is a way to refer to people from every social status. Here “least” and “greatest” represent those who are least important and those who are most important. Alternate translation: “all the people from every social status” or “all the people, including the least important and the most important people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
 JER	42	1	wx9l	figs-hyperbole		0	all the people	Most likely not every individual in the town went. The word “all” is a generalization that means very many people went. Alternate translation: “many other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
-JER	42	2	te2b	figs-abstractnouns		0	Let our pleas come before you	“Let us present our urgent request to you.” The abstract noun “pleas” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “Listen as we plead with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	42	2	te2b	figs-abstractnouns		0	Let our pleas come before you	“Let us present our urgent request to you.” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **pleas**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Listen as we plead with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	42	4	yl1b			0	Look	Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
 JER	42	4	v54c	figs-idiom		0	I will keep nothing back from you	The phrase “keep nothing back from you” is an idiom that means to tell someone everything. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “I will tell you everything the Lord tells me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	42	5	tze5			0	May Yahweh be	This is a way of beginning an oath. Alternate translation: “We ask Yahweh to be” or “Yahweh will be”
@@ -2713,7 +2713,7 @@ JER	43	2	a3qd	translate-names		0	Hoshaiah	See how you translated this man’s na
 JER	43	2	u1n1	translate-names		0	Johanan … Kareah	See how you translated these men’s names in [Jeremiah 40:13](../40/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 JER	43	3	h7cf			0	inciting	to cause someone to act in a harmful or violent way
 JER	43	3	gh4k	figs-metonymy		0	to deliver us into the hand of the Chaldeans	Here “hand” represents power or control. Alternate translation: “to give us over to the Chaldeans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-JER	43	3	bw5d	figs-abstractnouns		0	for you to cause our death and to make us captives in Babylon	The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “to kill.” Alternate translation: “for you to cause the Chaldeans to either kill us or to take us as captives to Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	43	3	bw5d	figs-abstractnouns		0	for you to cause our death and to make us captives in Babylon	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “to kill.” Alternate translation: “for you to cause the Chaldeans to either kill us or to take us as captives to Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	43	4	glv6	figs-hyperbole		0	all the people	This probably did not include every individual there. The word “all” is a generalization that means many people. Alternate translation: “many of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 JER	43	4	a6mj	figs-metonymy		0	refused to listen to Yahweh’s voice	Here “voice” represents commands. And here “to listen” means “to obey.” Alternate translation: “would not obey Yahweh’s command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	43	5	n9qa	figs-activepassive		0	where they had been scattered	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh had scattered them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -2728,7 +2728,7 @@ JER	43	10	eb2l			0	Yahweh of hosts … says this	Jeremiah often uses these words
 JER	43	10	uz43	figs-metonymy		0	I will place his throne over these stones that you, Jeremiah, have buried. Nebuchadnezzar will place his pavilion over them	Both the king’s “throne” and “pavilion” are used to refer to his royal authority. Alternate translation: “I will cause him to rule as king over the people of Egypt. He will place his throne and pavilion over these stones you have buried” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	43	10	k69r			0	pavilion	a very large tent
 JER	43	11	j4bf	figs-metonymy		0	he will come	Here “he” refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents his whole army. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar’s army will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-JER	43	11	njk5	figs-activepassive		0	Anyone who is assigned to death will be given to death	The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “die.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Everyone will die whom I have decided must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
+JER	43	11	njk5	figs-activepassive		0	Anyone who is assigned to death will be given to death	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “die.” If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Everyone will die whom I have decided must die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	43	11	iqj5	figs-activepassive		0	Anyone who is assigned to captivity will be taken captive	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Babylonians will take everyone captive whom I have decided must go into captivity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	43	11	prf4	figs-metonymy		0	Anyone who is assigned to the sword will be given to the sword	Here “sword” represents battle. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Everyone will die in battle whom I have decided will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	43	12	fy3l	figs-metonymy		0	Then I will light a fire	Here “I” refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh sending the Babylonian army to light a fire. Alternate translation: “Then I will cause the Babylonian army to light a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -2755,7 +2755,7 @@ JER	44	6	if3y	figs-metaphor		0	kindled a fire	Yahweh becoming angry and punishin
 JER	44	6	j69q	figs-doublet		0	they became ruins and devastations	The words “ruins” and “devastations” mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize the complete devastation of Judah and Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “they became completely devastated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 JER	44	6	bb1y			0	as at this present day	This refers to the current time at which Yahweh was speaking this message.
 JER	44	7	gez9	figs-rquestion		0	Why are you doing … yourselves? Why are you causing … and babies?	Yahweh uses these questions to rebuke the people for doing things that cause him to punish them. Alternate translation: “You are doing … yourselves. You are causing … and babies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-JER	44	7	mnr5	figs-abstractnouns		0	Why are you doing great wickedness against yourselves?	The abstract noun “wickedness” can be stated as “wicked.” Alternate translation: “Why are you doing these wicked things that harm yourselves?” or “You are doing wicked things that cause terrible things to happen to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	44	7	mnr5	figs-abstractnouns		0	Why are you doing great wickedness against yourselves?	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **wickedness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “wicked.” Alternate translation: “Why are you doing these wicked things that harm yourselves?” or “You are doing wicked things that cause terrible things to happen to you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	44	7	n4fj	figs-metaphor		0	Why are you causing yourselves to be cut off from among Judah … and babies?	Being separated from the people of Judah is spoken of as if the people are cut off from Judah the way a person may cut off a branch from a vine or cut off a piece of cloth. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Why are you causing me to remove you from the people of Judah … and babies?” or “You are causing me to remove you from the people of Judah … and babies.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	44	8	prs6	figs-abstractnouns		0	By your wickedness you have offended me with the deeds of your hands	The abstract noun “wickedness” represents actions that are “wicked.” Here “hand” represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “You have offended me with the wicked things you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 JER	44	8	bqw9			0	You have gone there so that … so that	Alternate translation: “The result of going to Egypt is that … and that”
@@ -2790,7 +2790,7 @@ JER	44	19	ec3w			0	cakes in her image	These were probably small cakes shaped lik
 JER	44	21	qc2v	figs-rquestion		0	Did not Yahweh remember … of the land?	Jeremiah uses a question to scold the people. Alternate translation: “Yahweh certainly knew about … of the land.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 JER	44	21	ir8d	figs-parallelism		0	For Yahweh calls this to mind; it comes to his thoughts	Both of these phrases mean the same thing. They emphasize that Yahweh knows that the people were worshiping false gods. Alternate translation: “Yes, Yahweh knows what you were doing, and he does not forget” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 JER	44	22	a6w5			0	was no longer able to bear it	Alternate translation: “was no longer able to tolerate it”
-JER	44	22	t1fz	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of the abominations that you did	The abstract noun “abominations” can be stated as “things he hated.” Alternate translation: “because you did things that he hated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	44	22	t1fz	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of the abominations that you did	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **abominations**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “things he hated.” Alternate translation: “because you did things that he hated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	44	22	x1jw	figs-abstractnouns		0	Then your land became a desolation, a horror, and a curse so there was no longer an inhabitant as at this present day	This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns “a desolation,” “a horror,” and “a curse.” Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh caused it so that no one lives in the land. He made it a desolate and horrifying place. People use its name to curse others. And this is how it is even to this day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	44	23	z7ak	figs-explicit		0	burned incense	Why people burn incense can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “burned incense to false gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 JER	44	23	m5km	figs-metonymy		0	you would not listen to his voice	Here “voice” refers to Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “you would not obey his commands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -2817,7 +2817,7 @@ JER	45	1	uid7	figs-ellipsis		0	in the fourth year of Jehoiakim	The words “of t
 JER	45	1	d24t	translate-ordinal		0	fourth year	The word “fourth” is the ordinal form of the number four. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
 JER	45	1	w799			0	he said	Alternate translation: “Jeremiah said to Baruch”
 JER	45	3	vg45			0	for Yahweh has added agony to my pain	Alternate translation: “for I was already suffering and now Yahweh causes me to be sad as well”
-JER	45	3	jwx7	figs-abstractnouns		0	My groaning has wearied me	The abstract noun “groaning” can be stated as “cry.” Alternate translation: “I am tired because I cry so much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	45	3	jwx7	figs-abstractnouns		0	My groaning has wearied me	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **groaning**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “cry.” Alternate translation: “I am tired because I cry so much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	45	4	sdw1			0	This is what you must say to him	Yahweh is telling Jeremiah what to say to Baruch.
 JER	45	5	jtj1	figs-rquestion		0	But are you hoping for great things for yourself?	Yahweh uses a question to state that he knows Baruch is hoping for others to treat him in a special way. Alternate translation: “I know you hope for great things for yourself.” or “I know you hope others will honor you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 JER	45	5	m1dh			0	For see	Alternate translation: “For understand” or “Be aware”
@@ -2836,7 +2836,7 @@ JER	46	4	vhi9			0	Put the harness on the horses; mount up on the horses	A “har
 JER	46	4	z233			0	helmets	A helmet is armor which protects the head in battle.
 JER	46	4	v58m			0	polish the spears	This phrase means to “sharpen” the spear.
 JER	46	5	nj2q	figs-rquestion		0	What am I seeing here?	The word “I” here refer to Yahweh. Yahweh uses a question to introduce the vision and to draw attention to what he says next. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Look at what is happening here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-JER	46	5	hry1	figs-abstractnouns		0	They are filled with terror	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “terrified.” Alternate translation: “The Egyptian soldiers are terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	46	5	hry1	figs-abstractnouns		0	They are filled with terror	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terror**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “terrified.” Alternate translation: “The Egyptian soldiers are terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	46	6	gr1r	figs-doublet		0	the swift cannot run away, and the soldiers cannot escape	These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one, not even the strongest and fastest, can escape. The nominal adjective “the swift” can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “even the swiftest soldier cannot escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
 JER	46	6	bv4q	figs-parallelism		0	They stumble in the north and fall beside the Euphrates River	Both statements mean the same thing. Being and dying in battle is spoken of as if the soldiers stumble and fall. Alternate translation: “The Egyptian soldiers suffer defeat and die in the north by the Euphrates River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	46	7	j7fk	figs-rquestion		0	Who is this who rises like the Nile … the rivers?	Yahweh uses a question to draw attention to what he is about to say concerning Egypt. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Look at who rises like the Nile … the rivers.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
@@ -2908,7 +2908,7 @@ JER	47	3	yya7	figs-doublet		0	at the roar of their chariots and the noise of the
 JER	47	4	q4r1	figs-metaphor		0	For the day is coming that will devastate all of the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre	This speaks of a day as if it were something that travels and arrives in a place. Alternate translation: “For on that day, the enemy army will devastate all of the Philistines and cut off from Tyre” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	47	4	f7br	figs-metaphor		0	to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every survivor who wants to help them	Removing someone is spoken of as if they were cut off the way a person may cut a branch from a tree or a piece of cloth from a garment. Alternate translation: “to remove anyone who may want to help Tyre and Sidon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	47	4	g199	translate-names		0	Caphtor	This is the name of an island of the northern region of the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-JER	47	5	u8ep	figs-abstractnouns		0	Baldness will come upon Gaza	The abstract noun “baldness” can be stated as “bald.” “Gaza” represents the people. Alternate translation: “The people of Gaza will shave their heads bald” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+JER	47	5	u8ep	figs-abstractnouns		0	Baldness will come upon Gaza	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **baldness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “bald.” “Gaza” represents the people. Alternate translation: “The people of Gaza will shave their heads bald” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	47	5	yv2n	translate-symaction		0	Baldness	The shaving of the entire head or portions of the head is a sign of great sorrow practiced by idol worshipers in nations such as Philistia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
 JER	47	5	dw3l	figs-euphemism		0	the people … will be made silent	This could mean: (1) the people will be silent because they are mourning or (2) this is a euphemism that means the enemy soldiers will kill them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
 JER	47	5	m4h3	figs-rquestion		0	How long will you cut yourself in mourning?	Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that the people of Ashkelon will never stop mourning. Yahweh speaks to the people as if he were speaking to one woman, who is a metaphor for the city itself. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You will forever cut yourselves in mourning.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
@@ -2938,10 +2938,10 @@ JER	48	3	ue2v	figs-doublet		0	ruin and great destruction	These two terms mean th
 JER	48	4	u8km	figs-activepassive		0	Moab has been destroyed	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The enemy army has destroyed Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	48	4	h6mu	figs-metonymy		0	Her children	This could mean: (1) the children who lived in Moab or (2) “children” is a metonym that represents the people of Moab in general. Alternate translation: “The people of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	48	5	uj9q	translate-names		0	Luhith	This is the name of a place in Moab. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
-JER	48	5	cpt9	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of the destruction	The abstract noun “destruction” can be stated as “destroyed.” Alternate translation: “because their town is destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	48	5	cpt9	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of the destruction	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **destruction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “destroyed.” Alternate translation: “because their town is destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	48	6	lhh3			0	Save your lives	The word “your” refers to the people of Moab.
 JER	48	6	kv9q	figs-simile		0	become like a juniper bush in the wilderness	The people fleeing from their cities into the desert is compared to a bush or shrub that grows in the desert. Alternate translation: “become like a shrub that grows in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
-JER	48	7	gkg1	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of your trust	The abstract noun “trust” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because you trusted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	48	7	gkg1	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of your trust	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **trust**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “because you trusted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	48	7	z18z			0	in your practices	Alternate translation: “in your own efforts” or “in your own work”
 JER	48	7	v42e	figs-activepassive		0	you also will be captured	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the enemy army will also capture you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 JER	48	7	x4hy	translate-names		0	Then Chemosh will go away into captivity	“Chemosh” is the chief god of the Moabites. This means the enemy army will take the idol of Chemosh that the people made to worship. Alternate translation: “The enemy army will take your god Chemosh as a captive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -2997,7 +2997,7 @@ JER	48	29	c6m3			0	arrogance … haughtiness … pride … self-glory … concei
 JER	48	29	qa3k	figs-metonymy		0	the conceit in his heart	Here “heart” represents a person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “his conceit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JER	48	30	sx8k	figs-rpronouns		0	I myself know his defiant speech	The word “myself” is used to emphasize that Yahweh was the one who knew about Moab’s defiant speech. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
 JER	48	30	wf2k	figs-metonymy		0	his defiant speech … like his deeds	Here “his” refers to Moab which represents the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “their defiant speech … like their deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-JER	48	30	s8fk	figs-abstractnouns		0	his defiant speech	The abstract noun “speech” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has spoken pridefully” or “that he has spoken arrogant words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	48	30	s8fk	figs-abstractnouns		0	his defiant speech	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **speech**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “that he has spoken pridefully” or “that he has spoken arrogant words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	48	31	jtn1	figs-parallelism		0	I will howl a lament for Moab, and I will shout in sorrow for all of Moab	Both of these statements mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “I will cry loudly for the people of Moab” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
 JER	48	31	cdx5			0	I will howl	This could mean: (1) “I” refers to Jeremiah or (2) “I” refers to Yahweh.
 JER	48	31	x2jk			0	howl	a sad and loud cry that a person makes when he is in pain or deep sorrow
@@ -3019,7 +3019,7 @@ JER	48	36	qwv8			0	my heart	This could mean: (1) “my” refers to Jeremiah or
 JER	48	36	b311	translate-names		0	Kir Hareseth	Kir Hareseth was an ancient capital of Moab. See how you translated this name in [Jeremiah 48:31](../48/31.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 JER	48	37	mzh2	translate-symaction		0	For every head is bald and every beard shaved. Incisions are on every hand, and sackcloth is around their waists	These are all things that the people of Moab did when they were mourning or expressing deep sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
 JER	48	37	t4g3			0	Incisions	cuts made on the skin
-JER	48	38	yc69	figs-abstractnouns		0	There is mourning everywhere	The abstract noun “mourning” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “There are people mourning everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	48	38	yc69	figs-abstractnouns		0	There is mourning everywhere	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **mourning**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “There are people mourning everywhere” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	48	38	vhp3			0	every flat roof	Alternate translation: “every housetop”
 JER	48	38	k4ve			0	plazas	open public areas, such as open marketplaces
 JER	48	38	x6fh			0	For I have destroyed	The word “I” refers to Yahweh
@@ -3227,7 +3227,7 @@ JER	50	12	a827	figs-pronouns		0	bore you	The word “you” is plural and refers
 JER	50	12	i83h	figs-doublet		0	So your mother will be greatly ashamed; the one who bore you will be embarrassed	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of her embarrassment. The words “mother” and “the one who bore you” refer either to Babylonia or to the city of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 JER	50	12	n6mv			0	the least of nations	Alternate translation: “the most unimportant nation”
 JER	50	12	crm8	figs-doublet		0	a wilderness, a dry land, and a desert	These words have basically the same meaning and emphasize the complete barrenness of the land. This could mean: (1) this is a metaphor for an uninhabited place or (2) this refers to Babylon literally becoming a barren wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-JER	50	13	mm1s	figs-abstractnouns		0	a complete devastation	The abstract noun “devastation” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “completely destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JER	50	13	mm1s	figs-abstractnouns		0	a complete devastation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **devastation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “completely destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JER	50	13	fl2h			0	shudder	shake violently due to fear
 JER	50	13	tj8m			0	hiss	make a sound like a snake that means great disapproval
 JER	50	14	z26z			0	General Information:	Yahweh tells the other nations to attack Babylon.

en_tn_26-EZK.tsv

@@ -2005,7 +2005,7 @@ EZK	31	10	faz5	figs-123person		0	Therefore the Lord Yahweh says this	Since Yahwe
 EZK	31	10	k9ew			0	it set its treetop between its branches	Some versions of the Bible translate this as “the top of the tree was in the clouds.” Alternate translation: “its top was above the branches of the other trees”
 EZK	31	11	px3j	figs-metonymy		0	I have given it into the hand of a mighty one of the nations	The word “hand” represents control. Alternate translation: “I put it in the power of the strongest nation” or “I gave the strongest nation power over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	31	11	xdq6			0	I have thrown it out	Alternate translation: “I sent the cedar away from the cedar’s land because the cedar was wicked”
-EZK	31	12	m12k	figs-abstractnouns		0	who were the terror of all the nations	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “afraid.” And here “nations” represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “who made the people of all the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EZK	31	12	m12k	figs-abstractnouns		0	who were the terror of all the nations	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terror**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “afraid.” And here “nations” represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “who made the people of all the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	31	12	cu9y			0	cut it off	Alternate translation: “cut the cedar down”
 EZK	31	12	jjb9			0	its boughs lay broken	Alternate translation: “the foreigners broke the boughs of the cedar”
 EZK	31	12	q3v2			0	boughs	Boughs are very large branches that grow on trees. Usually, many smaller branches grow on the boughs.
@@ -2021,11 +2021,11 @@ EZK	31	14	s7d5	figs-activepassive		0	All of them have been assigned to death, to
 EZK	31	14	atm7			0	among the children of humanity, with those that go down to the pit	Alternate translation: “to be with those people who have died and gone down to the grave”
 EZK	31	14	ne1g	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	This refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	31	15	qq6r	figs-idiom		0	On the day when the cedar went down to Sheol	The phrase “went down to Sheol” means “died.” Alternate translation: “On the day that the cedar died” or “On the day that the cedar was chopped down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-EZK	31	15	ry34	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to the earth	The abstract noun “mourning” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I caused the earth to mourn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	31	15	ry34	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to the earth	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **mourning**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I caused the earth to mourn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	31	15	xaz6	figs-metaphor		0	I covered the deep waters over it	The word “covered” possibly refers to putting on clothes for mourning. Alternate translation: “I made the water from the springs mourn for the cedar” or “it was as though the springs that watered it mourned for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	31	15	gx5u			0	I held back the ocean waters	Alternate translation: “I kept the water in the ocean from watering the earth”
 EZK	31	15	j8ug			0	I kept back the great waters	Alternate translation: “I made it so that there would not be a lot of water anymore”
-EZK	31	15	hv86	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to Lebanon for him	The abstract noun “mourning” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I made Lebanon mourn for the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	31	15	hv86	figs-abstractnouns		0	I brought mourning to Lebanon for him	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **mourning**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I made Lebanon mourn for the cedar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	31	16	i84r	figs-idiom		0	when I threw it down to Sheol with those who went down into the pit	Here “threw it down to Sheol” is an idiom that means to kill. “The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:14](../31/14.md). Alternate translation: “when I killed the cedar and it went to Sheol with everyone else that is dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	31	16	cc1y	figs-idiom		0	in the lowest parts of the earth	“that were already deep down in the ground.” This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “that had already died and are now in Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EZK	31	16	fpl1			0	the choicest and best trees of Lebanon; the trees that drank the waters	“the best trees of Lebanon that everyone would want; trees that got a lot of water.” This is describing the trees of Eden that were in the lowest parts of the earth.
@@ -2067,8 +2067,8 @@ EZK	32	10	nm9u	figs-metonymy		0	when I swing my sword	Here swinging a sword repr
 EZK	32	10	taf8			0	Every moment each one will tremble because of you	Here “tremble” is an action that people often do when they are very afraid. Alternate translation: “Every one of them will keep shaking because of their fear”
 EZK	32	10	j552	figs-metaphor		0	on the day of your downfall	The idea of falling down (“downfall”) represents dying. Alternate translation: “when I destroy you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	32	11	j9j7	figs-metonymy		0	The sword of the king of Babylon will come against you	Here “sword” represents an army. Alternate translation: “The army of the king of Babylon will attack you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EZK	32	12	l2us	figs-abstractnouns		0	each warrior a terror of nations	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “terrifies” or “afraid.” Alternate translation: “Each warrior terrifies the nations” or “each one of them makes the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-EZK	32	12	lft6	figs-abstractnouns		0	will devastate the pride of Egypt	The abstract noun “pride” can be stated as “proud.” Alternate translation: “will cause the Egyptians to no longer be proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	32	12	l2us	figs-abstractnouns		0	each warrior a terror of nations	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terror**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “terrifies” or “afraid.” Alternate translation: “Each warrior terrifies the nations” or “each one of them makes the nations afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	32	12	lft6	figs-abstractnouns		0	will devastate the pride of Egypt	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **pride**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “proud.” Alternate translation: “will cause the Egyptians to no longer be proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	32	12	i7f7	figs-hyperbole		0	destroy all of its multitudes	Here “all” is probably a generalization that refers to the killing of large numbers of soldiers, and perhaps other people also. Alternate translation: “kill a very large number of people who live in Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 EZK	32	13	n7m4			0	from beside the plentiful waters	Alternate translation: “in the places where there is a lot of water”
 EZK	32	13	cr7b	figs-synecdoche		0	the foot of man will no longer stir the waters up	The foot here is a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “people will no longer stir the waters up with their feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@@ -2109,7 +2109,7 @@ EZK	32	22	sb68	figs-metonymy		0	all of them were killed by the sword	The word
 EZK	32	23	g6yx	figs-metonymy		0	are set in the recesses of the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:18](../32/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	23	bp7y	figs-activepassive		0	all of those who were killed, who fell by the sword	This can be put in active form. Alternate translation: “all those whom enemies killed in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	23	t3fw	figs-euphemism		0	fell by the sword	The word “fell” here is a euphemism for “died.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
-EZK	32	23	qc35	figs-abstractnouns		0	those who brought terror on the land of the living	The abstract noun “terror” can be stated as “afraid.” Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	32	23	qc35	figs-abstractnouns		0	those who brought terror on the land of the living	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terror**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “afraid.” Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	32	23	zb2x	figs-metonymy		0	the land of the living	This represents the people who were alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	24	y3cg	figs-metonymy		0	Elam is there	Here “Elam” refers to the people of that country. Alternate translation: “The people of Elam are also there in Sheol” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	24	h835			0	her multitudes	This could mean: (1) her many people or (2) her army.
@@ -2119,7 +2119,7 @@ EZK	32	24	p8l5			0	Those who fell by the sword	Translate “who fell by the swor
 EZK	32	24	bbe7	figs-metonymy		0	by the sword	Here “the sword” is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	24	r7fm			0	who have gone down uncircumcised	Alternate translation: “who were uncircumcised when they went down”
 EZK	32	24	ks5k			0	to the lowest parts of the earth	“to places deep down in the ground” or “to the land deep down in the ground.” See how you translated “in the lowest realms of the earth” in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md).
-EZK	32	24	jtw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	who brought their terrors	The abstract noun “terrors” can be stated as “afraid.” See how you translated “brought terror” in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	32	24	jtw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	who brought their terrors	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **terrors**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “afraid.” See how you translated “brought terror” in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: “those who, when they were still alive, caused people to be extremely afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	32	24	f2v2	figs-metonymy		0	the land of the living	This represents the people who were alive. See how you translated “the land of the living” in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	32	24	fl6f	figs-metaphor		0	who carry their own shame	Shame is spoken of as if it were an object that one could carry where he goes. Alternate translation: “who feel ashamed” or “who are now disgraced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	32	24	hj7r	figs-metonymy		0	the pit	“The pit” refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -2183,7 +2183,7 @@ EZK	33	10	a75l	figs-metaphor		0	Our transgressions and our sins are on us	This c
 EZK	33	10	m2e4	figs-metaphor		0	we are decaying in them	“we are rotting away because of them.” Being destroyed because of sin is spoken of as if the person’s flesh were rotting. Alternate translation: “they are destroying us” or “they are killing us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	33	10	w3qz			0	in them	Alternate translation: “because of them”
 EZK	33	10	wd7m	figs-rquestion		0	How can we live?	The people ask this question to emphasize that they have no hope of living. Alternate translation: “We have no hope of living.” or “We will certainly die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
-EZK	33	11	tlw1	figs-abstractnouns		0	I do not delight in the death of the wicked	The abstract noun “death” can be stated as “die.” And the nominal adjective “the wicked” can be stated as “wicked people.” Alternate translation: “It does not make me happy when wicked people die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
+EZK	33	11	tlw1	figs-abstractnouns		0	I do not delight in the death of the wicked	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **death**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “die.” And the nominal adjective “the wicked” can be stated as “wicked people.” Alternate translation: “It does not make me happy when wicked people die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
 EZK	33	11	e26x	figs-metaphor		0	if the wicked repents from his way	Here “way” represents how a person behaves. Alternate translation: “if the wicked person stops doing bad things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	33	11	r9qn	figs-rquestion		0	For why should you die, house of Israel?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he does not want the people of Israel to die. Alternate translation: “Do not choose to die, house of Israel!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 EZK	33	12	lb73	figs-abstractnouns		0	The righteousness of a righteous person will not save him if he sins!	The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as the adjective “right.” It is implied that they will not be saved from God’s punishment. Alternate translation: “If righteous people start to sin, the fact that they did what was right before will not stop me from punishing them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -2222,7 +2222,7 @@ EZK	33	24	y4yn			0	those ruins	This could mean: (1) “those ruined buildings”
 EZK	33	24	db2d	figs-metaphor		0	he inherited the land	Yahweh giving the land to Abraham is spoken of as if Abraham inherited the land. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave him the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EZK	33	24	h1ev			0	the land	Alternate translation: “the land of Israel”
 EZK	33	24	x6je	figs-activepassive		0	The land has been given to us	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has given us the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
-EZK	33	24	g3xl	figs-abstractnouns		0	as a possession	The abstract noun “possession” can be stated as “possess.” Alternate translation: “so that we can possess it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	33	24	g3xl	figs-abstractnouns		0	as a possession	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **possession**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “possess.” Alternate translation: “so that we can possess it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	33	25	iui8	figs-explicit		0	You eat blood	It is implied that they eat blood by eating meat that still has blood in it. Yahweh had commanded them to drain out the blood. Alternate translation: “You eat meat with blood in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EZK	33	25	il6d	figs-idiom		0	you lift up your eyes towards your idols	“you look to your idols” This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “you worship your idols” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EZK	33	25	dn3i	figs-metonymy		0	you pour out people’s blood	Here “blood” represents a person’s life. To pour out blood is an idiom that means to murder. Alternate translation: “you murder people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@ EZK	33	28	pga2	figs-metonymy		0	the pride of its might will end	The word “it
 EZK	33	28	e7dn	figs-activepassive		0	the mountains of Israel will be deserted	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will live in the mountains of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EZK	33	28	v97a			0	there will be no one to pass through them	Alternate translation: “there will be no one left to travel through the land or over the mountains”
 EZK	33	29	xsr3	figs-explicit		0	know that I am Yahweh	When Yahweh says that people will know that he is Yahweh, he is implying that they will know that he is the one true God who has supreme authority and power. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 6:7](../06/07.md). Alternate translation: “understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God” or “realize that I, Yahweh, have supreme power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EZK	33	29	wy3k	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the abominations that they have done	The abstract noun “abominations” can be stated as “things I hate.” Alternate translation: “all the things they have done that I hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	33	29	wy3k	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the abominations that they have done	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **abominations**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “things I hate.” Alternate translation: “all the things they have done that I hate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	33	29	f9jn			0	they have done	Alternate translation: “the people have done”
 EZK	33	30	sm9v			0	that comes out from Yahweh	Alternate translation: “that Yahweh tells him to speak” or “that Yahweh gives him”
 EZK	33	31	pn5s	figs-metonymy		0	Right words are in their mouths, but their hearts are going after unjust profit	Here “mouths” represent speaking. This could mean: (1) Alternate translation: “They speak about loving me, but their hearts are going after unjust profit” or (2) Alternate translation: “They speak about the things they lust after, and their hearts are going after unjust profit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -2344,7 +2344,7 @@ EZK	34	27	c8kl	figs-metonymy		0	from the hand of those who enslaved them	Here
 EZK	34	28	fz53	figs-metonymy		0	They will no longer be plunder for the nations	Here “nations” represents the people of the nations. Alternate translation: “The people of the nations will no longer steal from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	34	28	v7ul			0	plunder	These are things that are stolen or taken by force. See how you translated “plunder” in [Ezekiel 7:21](../07/21.md).
 EZK	34	29	w9v8			0	be victims of famine	Alternate translation: “be starved” or “be starving because of lack of food”
-EZK	34	29	g731	figs-metonymy		0	they will not bear the scorn of the nations	Here “nations” represents the people of the nations. The abstract noun “scorn” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	34	29	g731	figs-metonymy		0	they will not bear the scorn of the nations	Here “nations” represents the people of the nations. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **scorn**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	34	30	s92f	figs-idiom		0	I, Yahweh their God, am with them	Here “I … am with them” is an idiom that means Yahweh helps them. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh their God, am helping them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EZK	34	30	j3r4			0	with them. They are my people	This can be stated as one sentence. Alternate translation: “with them, and that they are my people”
 EZK	34	31	r38j	figs-metaphor		0	For you are my sheep, the flock of my pasture	This speaks of the people of Israel as if they were a flock of sheep and Yahweh is their shepherd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -2393,11 +2393,11 @@ EZK	36	1	td84	figs-personification		0	prophesy to the mountains of Israel	God wa
 EZK	36	2	k2eq			0	Aha	This is an expression of joy. It can be translated as “I am very happy” or “This is great.”
 EZK	36	2	zb5m			0	The ancient high places	“The very old mountains.” This refers to the high mountains of Israel.
 EZK	36	2	zf4b			0	have become our possession	Alternate translation: “now belong to us”
-EZK	36	3	i87p	figs-abstractnouns		0	Because of your desolation	The abstract noun “desolation” can be stated as “desolate.” Alternate translation: “Because you, mountains of Israel, have become desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	36	3	i87p	figs-abstractnouns		0	Because of your desolation	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desolation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “desolate.” Alternate translation: “Because you, mountains of Israel, have become desolate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	36	3	iz4b			0	because of the attacks that came on you from all sides	Alternate translation: “because you were attacked from every direction” or “because your enemies attacked you from every direction”
 EZK	36	3	x8k1	figs-synecdoche		0	you have been the subject of slanderous lips and tongues, and of people’s stories	Here, “lips” and “tongues” represent people speaking. Alternate translation: “people are saying bad things about you, and the nations are telling bad stories about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 EZK	36	4	ig1c			0	listen to the word of the Lord Yahweh	Alternate translation: “listen to the message of the Lord Yahweh”
-EZK	36	4	bmf4	figs-abstractnouns		0	the uninhabited desolations	The abstract noun “desolations” can be stated as “desolate cities.” Alternate translation: “the desolate cities which have no people living in them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	36	4	bmf4	figs-abstractnouns		0	the uninhabited desolations	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **desolations**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “desolate cities.” Alternate translation: “the desolate cities which have no people living in them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	36	4	f5ii	figs-activepassive		0	the forsaken cities	If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cities that people have left behind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EZK	36	4	d53g			0	that have become plunder	Alternate translation: “that enemies have stolen from”
 EZK	36	5	wpy5	figs-metaphor		0	in the fire of my fury	This speaks of Yahweh’s fury as if it were a fire. Yahweh loves Israel very much, so he becomes jealous and angry when other nations mock it. Alternate translation: “because of my intense jealousy” or “because of my very strong anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -2667,7 +2667,7 @@ EZK	39	17	fx3j			0	to the sacrifice	“to the feast” or “to the slaughter.
 EZK	39	18	fiv2	figs-irony		0	they will be rams, lambs, goats, and bulls	Yahweh is speaking with irony. Normally people sacrificed animals to God. Here, God is sacrificing people to animals. Alternate translation: “as if they were male sheep, lambs, goats, and bulls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
 EZK	39	18	st13	figs-activepassive		0	they were all fattened in Bashan	That can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they all became fat while grazing in Bashan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EZK	39	19	c3t6			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message for the birds and the wild animals about what they will do to Gog.
-EZK	39	19	pmw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	to your satisfaction	The abstract noun “satisfaction” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “until you are satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	39	19	pmw3	figs-abstractnouns		0	to your satisfaction	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **satisfaction**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “until you are satisfied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	39	19	blj8	figs-abstractnouns		0	until drunkenness	The abstract noun “drunkenness” can be stated as a adjective. Alternate translation: “until you become drunk” or “until you are intoxicated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	39	20	d3da	figs-metonymy		0	chariot	The metonym “chariot” refers to the men in the chariots. Alternate translation: “chariot driver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	39	20	m7yt	figs-123person		0	this is the Lord Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 5:11](../05/11.md). Alternate translation: “this is what the Lord Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, the Lord Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
@@ -2679,7 +2679,7 @@ EZK	39	21	itq4			0	against them	Alternate translation: “against Gog and his gr
 EZK	39	22	hgr4	figs-metonymy		0	The house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	39	23	shc2			0	Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to give Ezekiel a message about what will happen to Israel.
 EZK	39	23	wt66	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Israel	The word “house” is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the Israelite people group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EZK	39	23	t9rz	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of their iniquity by which they betrayed me	The abstract noun “iniquity” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because they sinned and betrayed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EZK	39	23	t9rz	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of their iniquity by which they betrayed me	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **iniquity**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “because they sinned and betrayed me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EZK	39	23	ltf2	figs-idiom		0	I hid my face from them	Here “face” refers to Yahweh’s help and protection. Alternate translation: “I stopped protecting them and taking care of them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EZK	39	23	pwc9	figs-metonymy		0	gave them into the hand of their adversaries	Here the metonym “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “gave their enemies power over them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EZK	39	23	ba77	figs-metonymy		0	all of them fell by the sword	Here falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate translation: “their enemies killed them all in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

en_tn_27-DAN.tsv

@@ -638,8 +638,8 @@ DAN	9	5	fu8v	figs-doublet		0	your commands and decrees	The words “commands”
 DAN	9	6	x5wh	figs-metonymy		0	We have not listened to your servants	Here “not listened” means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 DAN	9	6	hp4w	figs-metonymy		0	spoke in your name	Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 DAN	9	6	et6z			0	the people of the land	Here “land” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
-DAN	9	7	fy69	figs-metaphor		0	To you, Lord, belongs righteousness	Being righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-DAN	9	7	x7i6	figs-metaphor		0	To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the people	Being ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. The abstract noun “shame” can be stated as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+DAN	9	7	fy69	figs-metaphor		0	To you, Lord, belongs righteousness	Being righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **righteousness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+DAN	9	7	x7i6	figs-metaphor		0	To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the people	Being ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **shame**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 DAN	9	7	k8fa	figs-exclusive		0	To us today	The word “us” includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
 DAN	9	7	kk5y	figs-idiom		0	belongs shame on our faces	This idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 DAN	9	7	u1gy			0	because of the great treachery that we committed against you	Alternate translation: “because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”

en_tn_29-JOL.tsv

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ JOL	2	11	tzv4	figs-hendiadys	גָד֧וֹל…וְ⁠נוֹרָ֥א מְאֹ֖ד
 JOL	2	11	vht4	figs-rquestion	וּ⁠מִ֥י יְכִילֶֽ⁠נּוּ	1	Who can survive it?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one will be strong enough to survive Yahweh’s judgment.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 JOL	2	12	d1i9	figs-metonymy	שֻׁ֥בוּ עָדַ֖⁠י בְּ⁠כָל־לְבַבְ⁠כֶ֑ם	1	Return to me with all your heart	The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Alternate translation: “Turn away from your sins and be totally devoted to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 JOL	2	13	d1sf	figs-metonymy	וְ⁠קִרְע֤וּ לְבַבְ⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠אַל־בִּגְדֵי⁠כֶ֔ם	1	Tear your heart and not only your garments	The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Tearing one’s clothes is an outward act of shame or repentance. Alternate translation: “Change your way of thinking; do not just tear your garments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-JOL	2	13	wfp5	figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠רַב־חֶ֔סֶד	1	abundant in covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always loves faithfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+JOL	2	13	wfp5	figs-abstractnouns	וְ⁠רַב־חֶ֔סֶד	1	abundant in covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always loves faithfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 JOL	2	13	e3gw		וְ⁠נִחָ֖ם עַל	1	turn from	stop
 JOL	2	14	a2av	figs-rquestion	יָשׁ֣וּב וְ⁠נִחָ֑ם וְ⁠הִשְׁאִ֤יר אַֽחֲרָי⁠ו֙ בְּרָכָ֔ה מִנְחָ֣ה וָ⁠נֶ֔סֶךְ לַ⁠יהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵי⁠כֶֽם	1	Will he perhaps turn … God?	This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Perhaps Yahweh will turn from his anger … God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 JOL	2	14	xys3		וְ⁠הִשְׁאִ֤יר אַֽחֲרָי⁠ו֙ בְּרָכָ֔ה מִנְחָ֣ה וָ⁠נֶ֔סֶךְ	1	leave a blessing behind him, a grain offering and a drink offering	“leave behind him a blessing—that is, a grain offering and a drink offering.” The blessing is that plenty of grain and grapes will ripen, and so the people will be able to offer grain and drink offerings.

en_tn_30-AMO.tsv

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ AMO	3	8	ext3	figs-rquestion		0	The Lord Yahweh has spoken; who will not prophesy
 AMO	3	9	lte7			0	Assemble yourselves	This command is to Israel’s enemies in Ashdod and Egypt.
 AMO	3	9	qpm1	figs-personification		0	see what great confusion is in her	The word “her” refers to the city of Samaria. Cities were often spoken of as if they were women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 AMO	3	9	s3x8	figs-explicit		0	what great confusion is in her	Here “great confusion is in her” refers to people’s fear because of the fighting and rioting there. The word “confusion” can be translated with a verbal phrase to make this meaning explicit. Alternate translation: “how the people in Samaria riot” or “how the people in Samaria fight against one another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-AMO	3	9	w5vx	figs-abstractnouns		0	what oppression is in her	Here “oppression is in her” refers to leaders in Samaria oppressing the people. The abstract noun “oppress” can be stated as “oppress” or “cause to suffer.” Alternate translation: “how the leaders oppress people” or “and how they cause people to suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+AMO	3	9	w5vx	figs-abstractnouns		0	what oppression is in her	Here “oppression is in her” refers to leaders in Samaria oppressing the people. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **oppress**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “oppress” or “cause to suffer.” Alternate translation: “how the leaders oppress people” or “and how they cause people to suffer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 AMO	3	10	qk73			0	For they do not know how to do right	The word “they” refers to the people of Samaria.
 AMO	3	10	v5xa	figs-metonymy		0	They store up violence and destruction	Here “violence and destruction” represent things they have taken by being violent and destructive. Alternate translation: “They store up things that they have violently stolen from others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 AMO	3	11	zag9	figs-explicit		0	Therefore, this is what the Lord Yahweh says	It can be stated clearly who God was saying this to. Alternate translation: “Therefore, this is what the Lord Yahweh says to the people of Israel living in Samaria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

en_tn_33-MIC.tsv

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ MIC	7	17	zg31	figs-metaphor		0	their dens	The people are spoken of as if they we
 MIC	7	18	g3i6	figs-rquestion		0	Who is a God like you—who takes … inheritance?	Micah is emphasizing that there is no God like Yahweh. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know that there is no God like you, who takes … inheritance.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
 MIC	7	18	kr7v			0	the remnant of his inheritance	Alternate translation: “those of his chosen people who have survived his punishment”
 MIC	7	18	a8d2	figs-123person		0	you … of the remnant of his inheritance? He does not keep his anger forever, because he delights in his covenant faithfulness.	Here the words “his” and “he” can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “you … of the remnant of your inheritance, who do not keep your anger forever, because you delight in your covenant faithfulness?” or “you … of the remnant of your inheritance? You do not keep your anger forever, because you delights in your covenant faithfulness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
-MIC	7	18	f1lp	figs-abstractnouns		0	he delights in his covenant faithfulness	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “he delights in being faithful to his covenant” or “he delights in being faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+MIC	7	18	f1lp	figs-abstractnouns		0	he delights in his covenant faithfulness	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “faithful.” Alternate translation: “he delights in being faithful to his covenant” or “he delights in being faithful to his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 MIC	7	18	ups5			0	passes over	ignores
 MIC	7	18	mcd3			0	does not keep his anger	Alternate translation: “does not stay angry”
 MIC	7	19	i7z3	figs-you		0	You will	Here “you” refers to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

en_tn_38-ZEC.tsv

@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ ZEC	12	4	h97f			0	General Information:	These verses continue telling about the c
 ZEC	12	4	w42z	figs-metaphor		0	Over the house of Judah I will open my eyes	Opening eyes over someone here is a metaphor for wanting to do good things for that person. Alternate translation: “I will do good things for the house of Judah” or “I will protect the house of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 ZEC	12	4	jgj7	figs-metonymy		0	the house of Judah	Here “house” represents people. Alternate translation: “the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ZEC	12	5	g3n8	figs-metonymy		0	say in their hearts	Here “hearts” represents a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “think to themselves” or “say to themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-ZEC	12	5	w95z	figs-abstractnouns		0	are our strength	The abstract noun “strength” can be stated as “strong” or “encourage.” Alternate translation: “make us strong” or “encourage us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ZEC	12	5	w95z	figs-abstractnouns		0	are our strength	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **strength**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “strong” or “encourage.” Alternate translation: “make us strong” or “encourage us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ZEC	12	5	u38m			0	Yahweh of hosts, their God	Alternate translation: “Yahweh of hosts, the God they worship”
 ZEC	12	6	zv3y	figs-simile		0	like firepots among wood … standing grain	This simile means Yahweh will enable the leaders of Judah to be strong and able to lead the people to defeat their enemies. Alternate translation: “like firepots among stacked firewood … unharvested stalks of grain standing in a field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 ZEC	12	6	cjb8			0	firepots	clay pots in which ancient people often carried burning coals
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ ZEC	14	10	rki8	figs-explicit		0	the king’s winepresses	This probably refers to
 ZEC	14	11	gbk1	figs-metonymy		0	Jerusalem will live in safety	Here “Jerusalem” represents the people. Alternate translation: “The people will live safely in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 ZEC	14	12	qiz5			0	General Information:	These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem and of how God will save her.
 ZEC	14	12	wg9q			0	even as they are standing on their feet	“while they are still standing up.” This emphasizes how quickly their flesh will rot away. They will not even have time to lie down.
-ZEC	14	13	w6fr	figs-abstractnouns		0	that great fear from Yahweh will come among them	The abstract noun “fear” can be stated as “terrified.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause the people to be very terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+ZEC	14	13	w6fr	figs-abstractnouns		0	that great fear from Yahweh will come among them	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **fear**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “terrified.” Alternate translation: “Yahweh will cause the people to be very terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 ZEC	14	13	yl73	figs-idiom		0	Each one will seize the hand of another, and the hand of one will be raised up against the hand of another	These are idioms that refer to being hostile towards another person. Alternate translation: “Each person will grab someone, and they will fight each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 ZEC	14	14	jps4			0	General Information:	These verses continue the description of the final war for the city of Jerusalem and of how God will save her.
 ZEC	14	14	n8dy	figs-metonymy		0	Judah will also fight against Jerusalem	Here “Judah” and “Jerusalem” represent the people that live there. Alternate translation: “Even the other people in Judah will fight against the people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

en_tn_39-MAL.tsv

@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ MAL	1	14	v5fd	figs-activepassive		0	my name will be honored among the nations	Th
 MAL	1	14	z5ra	figs-metonymy		0	my name will be honored	Here “my name” stands for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will be honored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 MAL	2	intro	jc2b			0		# Malachi 2 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Levites<br>The priests are given a strong warning in this chapter. They have not followed the law of Moses and have led the people in the wrong direction. Yahweh has not accepted their sacrifices. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Marital unfaithfulness<br>Because the Jews lived under a covenantal arrangement with Yahweh, their relationship is described using the imagery of a marriage. Marital unfaithfulness indicates a person’s unfaithfulness to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 MAL	2	2	y1il	figs-idiom		0	lay it on your heart	This refers to considering something to be very important. Alternate translation: “consider it to be very important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
-MAL	2	2	w6cs	figs-abstractnouns		0	give honor to my name	The abstract noun “honor” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “honor my name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+MAL	2	2	w6cs	figs-abstractnouns		0	give honor to my name	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **honor**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “honor my name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 MAL	2	2	e4vh	figs-metonymy		0	my name	Here this expression refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-MAL	2	2	k5md	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will send a curse on you	The abstract noun “curse” can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: “I will curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+MAL	2	2	k5md	figs-abstractnouns		0	I will send a curse on you	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **curse**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will curse you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 MAL	2	2	b7vl	figs-idiom		0	you are not laying my command on your heart	This refers to considering God’s command to be very important. Alternate translation: “you are not considering my command to be very important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 MAL	2	3	vsb2	figs-metaphor		0	I will spread dung on your faces	Here “dung on your faces” stands for disgrace. Alternate translation: “I will most certainly put you in deep disgrace; it will be as bad as if I had spread dung on your faces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 MAL	2	3	skc9	figs-metonymy		0	the dung from your festivals	Here “festivals” stands for the animals that the priests offered in sacrifice at the Israelite festivals. “The dung” probably refers both to the dung that was produced by the animals just before they were slaughtered for sacrifice, and to the dung that was found inside the animals when their bodies were cut apart before being sacrificed. Temple workers had to transport this dung to a place outside of the temple, and probably outside of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ MAL	4	2	n991	figs-metaphor		0	wings	It was common in the Ancient Near East to sp
 MAL	4	2	is44	figs-simile		0	You will go out, and you will leap like calves from the stall	Here the redeemed people of Yahweh are spoken of as if they were young bulls released from their stalls, allowed to go out into their pasture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
 MAL	4	3	cn2r	figs-metaphor		0	you will trample down the wicked, for they will be ashes under the soles of your feet	Here the victory of God’s people is spoken of as if they were walking over the burned bodies of their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 MAL	4	3	f8ct			0	they will be ashes	The Israelites’ enemies are spoken of as having been burned to ashes ([Malachi 4:1](../04/01.md)).
-MAL	4	4	if2v	figs-abstractnouns		0	Remember the teaching of my servant Moses that I gave him	The abstract noun “teaching” can be stated as “taught.” Alternate translation: “Remember what I taught my servant Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+MAL	4	4	if2v	figs-abstractnouns		0	Remember the teaching of my servant Moses that I gave him	If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **teaching**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “taught.” Alternate translation: “Remember what I taught my servant Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 MAL	4	4	td5c			0	Remember	Here “Remember” stands for “Think about” and, at the same time, “Obey.”
 MAL	4	4	n5dr			0	Horeb	This is another name for Sinai.
 MAL	4	4	r85g	figs-metonymy		0	all Israel	Here “all Israel” is a reference to all the people in the nation of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])