See in Reader
Song of Songs TN’s through end of chapter 8 (#3529)
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3529
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@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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2:8 okuh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation הִנֵּה 1 **Behold** is an exclamation word that is used to bring attention to something. Here it is used to bring attention to the man’s approach. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language for communicating this. See how you translated “Behold” in [1:15](../01/015.md). Alternate translation: “Look”
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2:8 happ rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go בָּ֑א 1 Your language may say “going” rather than **coming** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “is going”
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2:8 tymi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־ הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־ הַגְּבָעֽוֹת 1 These two phrases mean the same thing. The woman says the same thing twice, in slightly different ways, to give emphasis to what she is saying. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing in your language, or if you do not have two words for steeply elevated inclines you could combine these two phrases and provide emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “jumping over the mountains!” or “leaping over the hills!”
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2:8-9 fr67 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־הַגְּבָעֽוֹת & דּוֹמֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ לִצְבִ֔י א֖וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר 1 The woman speaks of the man as if he were **a gazelle or a young stag**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills. My beloved is agile and fast and he exudes freedom and strength like a gazelle or young stag”
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2:8-9 gatn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־הַגְּבָעֽוֹת & דּוֹמֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ לִצְבִ֔י א֖וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My beloved resembles a gazelle or a young stag, leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills” or “My beloved is like a gazelle or a young stag, leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills”
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2:8-9 fr67 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־הַגְּבָעֽוֹת & דּוֹמֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ לִצְבִ֔י א֖וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר הָֽאַיָּלִ֑ים 1 The woman speaks of the man as if he were **a gazelle or a young stag**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the basis of this comparison. Alternate translation: “leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills. My beloved is agile and fast and he exudes freedom and strength like a gazelle or young stag”
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2:8-9 gatn5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל־הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל־הַגְּבָעֽוֹת & דּוֹמֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ לִצְבִ֔י א֖וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר הָֽאַיָּלִ֑ים 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “My beloved resembles a gazelle or a young stag, leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills” or “My beloved is like a gazelle or a young stag, leaping over the mountains, jumping over the hills”
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2:9 kq5f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לִצְבִ֔י 1 See how you translated the plural form “gazelles” in [2:7](../02/07.md) and translate this word as the singular of “gazelles.”
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2:9 qbs9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָֽאַיָּלִ֑ים 1 A **stag** is a male deer. If it would help your readers you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “male deer”
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2:9 s6z4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamation הִנֵּה־זֶ֤ה עוֹמֵד֙ 1 **Behold** is an exclamation word that is used to bring attention to something. Here it is used to draw attention to the man’s arrival. Use an exclamation that is natural in your language in this context. Alternate translation: “Look! Here he is! Standing”
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@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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7:13 xbk7 וְעַל־פְּתָחֵ֨ינוּ֙ כָּל־מְגָדִ֔ים 1 Alternate translation: “and above the entrance of our house are every one of the best fruits”
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7:13 c2ah rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom חֲדָשִׁ֖ים גַּם־יְשָׁנִ֑ים 1 Here, the phrase **new ones and also old ones** means “new fruits and also old fruits” and refers to fruit that is ripe (the old fruit) and fruit that has not yet ripened (the new fruit). This phrase as a whole is an idiom which means “all kinds of fruit.” If it would help your readers you could translate the meaning of the idiom or make it explicit that “new ones and also old ones” refers to ripe and unripe fruit. Alternate translation: “fruit that is not yet ripe and also sweet ripe fruit” or “all kinds of fruit”
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7:13 jsb8 דּוֹדִ֖י צָפַ֥נְתִּי לָֽךְ 1 Alternate translation: “My beloved, I have saved these so that I can give them to you” or “My beloved, I have saved my love so that I can give it to you”
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8:intro d35n 0 # Song of Songs 8 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Kisses\n\nThe kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Passion\n\nChapter 8 describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. The feeling of strong desire for one another.
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8:intro d35n 0 # Song of Songs 8 General Notes\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Kisses\n\nThe kisses in this chapter are a type of kiss that was only done between a husband a wife. It is an intimate kiss. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])\n\n### Passion\n\nChapter 8 describes the passion that can exist between a husband a wife. The feeling of strong desire for one another.\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n\n### The meaning of [8:12](../08/12.md)\n\nThe three possible meanings of [8:12](../08/12.md) are: (1) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard and saying that her vineyard is hers alone and is comparing herself to Solomon’s vineyard (which was discussed in [8:11](../08/11.md)) and saying that Solomon can keep the profits from his vineyard and his keepers can keep their portion of the profits from that vineyard. This is the interpretation of the UST. (2) that the woman is speaking of herself as a vineyard and saying that her vineyard is hers alone but that the man who she loves and calls Solomon can freely have the vineyard (her) because she chooses to give herself freely to him. (3) that the man is speaking of the woman he loves as a vineyard and saying that his vineyard (the woman he loves) is his alone and is comparing his vineyard (the woman he loves) to Solomon’s vineyard (which was discussed in [8:11](../08/11.md)) and saying that he feels more wealthy than Solomon because he has the woman he loves as his vineyard and Solomon can keep the profits from his vineyard and his keepers can keep their portion of the profits from that vineyard.
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8:1 dp21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom מִ֤י יִתֶּנְךָ֙ כְּאָ֣ח לִ֔י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑י 1 Here, the woman is using the idiom **Who will give you** to express her wish that the man she loves could be **like a brother** to her (so that she could publicly **kiss** him). If it would help your readers, you could an equivalent idiom from your language that expresses a desire or a wish or you could state the meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “How I wish that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother” or “How I desire that you were like a brother to me, who nursed at the breasts of my mother”
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8:1 nh74 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo מִ֤י יִתֶּנְךָ֙ כְּאָ֣ח לִ֔י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑י 1 In the culture at the time time the author wrote this poem it was not socially acceptable for someone to show public affection towards someone they were married to and/or loved romantically but it was acceptable for siblings to give each other non romantic kisses of affection in public (the word **outside** means “in public” here). If it would help your readers you could tell your readers in a footnote that the woman desires that the man she loves be **like a brother** to her so that she could show public affection toward him.
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8:1 tdby rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry מִ֤י יִתֶּנְךָ֙ כְּאָ֣ח לִ֔י יוֹנֵ֖ק שְׁדֵ֣י אִמִּ֑י 1 The phrase **who nursed at the breasts of my mother** describes the word **brother** and has almost the same meaning as the term **brother**. Saying the same thing in slightly different ways is a common feature of Hebrew poetry. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you could combine the phrases into one. Alternate translation: “Who will give you like a brother to me”
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@ -505,52 +505,57 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
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8:5 a5w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion מִ֣י זֹ֗את עֹלָה֙ מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֔ר מִתְרַפֶּ֖קֶת עַל־דּוֹדָ֑הּ 1 Here, the phrase **Who is that** is a rhetorical question that is used to create a sense of expectation and interest. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way as modeled by the UST.
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8:5 wu6i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עֹלָה֙ 1 The phrase **coming up** is used by the author because the group of people described is traveling **from the wilderness** to Jerusalem. They must travel upward in elevation in order to reach Jerusalem because **the wilderness** is low in the Jordan valley and Jerusalem is built on hills and is therefore high. Use a word or phrase that expresses moving upward in elevation. Alternate translation: “moving upward” or “arising”
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8:5 gd2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go עֹלָה֙ 1 Your language may say “going” rather than **coming** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “going up”
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8:5-7 df81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo תַּ֤חַת הַתַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ עֽוֹרַרְתִּ֔יךָ שָׁ֚מָּה חִבְּלַ֣תְךָ אִמֶּ֔ךָ שָׁ֖מָּה חִבְּלָ֥ה יְלָדַֽתְךָ & שִׂימֵ֨נִי כַֽחוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗ךָ כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַמָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִשְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה רְשָׁפֶ֕יהָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה & מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְכַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽאַהֲבָ֔ה וּנְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּהָ אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּיתוֹ֙ בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽוֹ 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating who the speaker is. Here the speaker could be: (1) the woman. (2) The man.
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8:5-7 df81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo תַּ֤חַת הַתַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ עֽוֹרַרְתִּ֔יךָ שָׁ֚מָּה חִבְּלַ֣תְךָ אִמֶּ֔ךָ שָׁ֖מָּה חִבְּלָ֥ה יְלָדַֽתְךָ & שִׂימֵ֨נִי כַֽחוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗ךָ כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַמָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִשְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה רְשָׁפֶ֕יהָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה & מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְכַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽאַהֲבָ֔ה וּנְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּהָ אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּיתוֹ֙ בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽוֹ 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating who the speaker is. Here the speaker could be: (1) the woman. (2) The man.
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8:5 iobz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown הַתַּפּ֨וּחַ֙ 1 See how you translated the phrase **apple tree** in [2:3](../02/03.md).
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8:5 cf0x חִבְּלַ֣תְךָ 1 The phrase the ULT translates as **was in labor with you** could: (1) refer to the process of a mother being in labor and be translated as the ULT models. (2) refer to the act of conception. Alternate translation: “conceived you”
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8:6 jr5m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Set me as a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm 0 This could mean: (1) because seals were very important, people always kept them around their neck or on their hand. The woman wants to be with the man constantly like a seal, or (2) a seal shows who owns the thing that has the seal on it, and the woman wants herself as the seal on the man’s heart and arm to show that all of his thoughts, emotions, and actions belong to her. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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8:6 yzj4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile for love is as strong as death 0 Death is very strong because it overcomes even the most powerful people of the world.
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8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile as unrelenting as Sheol 0 “as tough as Sheol.” Sheol never allows people to come back to life after they have already died. Love is as persistent as Sheol because it never changes.
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8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor its flames burst out … any other fire 0 Love is very powerful like fire.
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8:6 tw71 burst out 0 Alternate translation: “burn suddenly”
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8:7 baf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Surging waters cannot quench love 0 Love is so strong that it is like a fire that is so hot that it cannot be put out even with an ocean full of water.
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8:7 j6mc Surging waters 0 Alternate translation: “Oceans of water” or “Huge amounts of water”
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8:7 dd1i cannot quench 0 Alternate translation: “cannot extinguish” or “cannot put out”
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8:7 e1ej rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor nor can floods sweep it away 0 Love never changes and always stays the same so it is like something that not even a powerful flood can move.
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8:7 dju9 floods 0 In Israel, water from the rain flows into deep and narrow valleys. This creates a flood of water so powerful that it can move huge boulders and trees.
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8:7 kqk9 sweep it away 0 Alternate translation: “carry it away” or “wash it away”
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8:7 jwh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypothetical אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּיתוֹ֙ בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽוֹ 1 The author is using a hypothetical situation to illustrate a truth. Alternate translation: “Even if a man will give all the wealth of his house in exchange for love,\nthey will utterly despise him” or “Suppose a man will give all the wealth of his house in exchange for love, they will utterly despise him”
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8:7 g5ja gave 0 offered to give
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8:7 l4u3 all the possessions in his house 0 Alternate translation: “everything he owns”
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8:7 n3pn for love 0 Alternate translation: “in order to get love” or “in order to buy love”
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8:8 au5a little sister 0 Alternate translation: “young sister”
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8:8 t852 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion What can we do … in marriage? 0 The speaker uses this question to introduce what he wants to say. Alternate translation: “This is what we will do … in marriage.”
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8:9 mpf5 0 # General Information:\n\nThe young woman’s brothers continue to speak among themselves.
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8:9 x3j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor If she is a wall … If she is a door 0 The little sister ([Song of Songs 8:8](./08.md)) has very small breasts that either have not grown or are very small.
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8:9 am5u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor we will build on her a tower of silver … we will adorn her with boards of cedar 0 The brothers decide to decorate the little sister with silver and cedar, symbols of riches, so that she will be more likely to attract a good husband.
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8:9 cnw3 will adorn her 0 Alternate translation: “will decorate her”
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8:10 n2vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor I was a wall 0 The phrase **I was a wall** is a metaphor.
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8:10 mc78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile my breasts are now like fortress towers 0 Fortress towers are tall.
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8:10 rll2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy I am in his eyes as one 0 Here eyes are a metonym for judgment or value. Alternate translation: “I am in his judgment as one” or “he thinks of me as one”
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8:10 b5uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit brings peace 0 You may need to make explicit to whom the woman brings peace. Alternate translation: “brings him peace”
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8:10 hi47 peace 0 Alternate translation: “well-being”
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8:11 tt74 0 # General Information:\n\nPossible interpretations: (1) The woman contrasts the way she wants to give herself to the man, who will give her his love, to the way Solomon leases out his vineyard to those who will give him money. (2) The man contrasts the woman, whom he will not give to another man, to Solomon’s vineyard, which he gave to other men.
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8:11 x2c3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Baal Hamon 0 This is the name of a town in the northern part of Israel.
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8:11 mz3u gave the vineyard 0 leased, agreed to let other people pay him so they could grow grapes in the vineyard
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8:11 b1b3 to those who would maintain it 0 Alternate translation: “to people who would take care of it”
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8:11 h77m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis Each one was to bring a thousand shekels of silver for its fruit 0 It may be helpful to state that this payment was for the fruit of the vineyard. Alternate translation: “Each man was supposed to give Solomon a thousand shekels as payment for the fruit of the vineyard”
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8:11 t2dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney to bring a thousand shekels of silver 0 “to bring 1,000 shekels of silver.” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
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8:11 e3jp shekels 0 Alternate translation: “coins”
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8:11 mm2j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe Solomon 0 Some versions understand the woman to be speaking directly to Solomon. Others understand her to be speaking in an apostrophe to her friends, to the man, or to herself.
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8:12 za66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My vineyard, my very own 0 The woman refers to herself as a vineyard, as in [Song of Songs 1:6](../01/05.md). Here she emphasizes that she and no one else will decide what she does with the “vineyard.”
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8:12 gc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom is before me 0 This is an idiom that means the a person has the right to do what they want with something. Alternate translation: “is at my disposal” or “is mine to do with as I desire”
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8:12 tl1c the thousand shekels are for you, Solomon 0 The woman knows that Solomon has leased out the vineyard so he can get money, but she does not want money.
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8:12 t7u1 the two hundred shekels 0 The speaker has not mentioned these before, but the hearer would understand that she is speaking of the money that those who worked the vineyard would have left for their own after they paid Solomon.
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8:13 dp6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you You who live 0 The man is speaking to the woman, so “you” and “live” are feminine singular.
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8:13 zm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy listening for your voice 0 The voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for thinking only of what one is listening for, you could use it here. Alternate translation: “waiting to hear you start speaking” or “waiting to hear what you have to say”
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8:13 ew6z let me hear it 0 Alternate translation: “let me hear your voice.”
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8:14 vrp7 my beloved 0 This phrase refers to the man whom the woman loves. In some languages it may be more natural for her to refer to him as “my lover.” See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 1:13](./12.md). Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my lover”
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8:14 zh44 like a gazelle or a young stag 0 See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 2:9](../02/08.md).
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8:14 yhn7 gazelle 0 a type of slender deer-like animal with long curved horns
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8:14 gp9l stag 0 an adult male deer
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8:14 mqx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor the mountains of spices 0 “the mountains that have spices all over them.” The woman uses this metaphor to invite the man to make love to her. See how the man uses the metaphor of a mountain of myrrh and a hill of frankincense in [Song of Songs 4:6](../04/06.md).
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8:6 l86i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂימֵ֨נִי כַֽחוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗ךָ 1 Here, **heart** could represent: (1) the chest of a person. Alternate translation: “Place me like a seal that is hung by a cord around your neck and hangs down onto your chest” (2) the emotions and thoughts of a person. Alternate translation: “Always love and think about me” or “Always love and think about me as if I were stamped onto your heart”
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8:6 zl22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׂימֵ֨נִי כַֽחוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗ךָ כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ 1 The point of this comparison is that the woman wants the man she loves to be close to her like a **seal** hanging (from a cord around his neck) near his **heart** (chest) and like a **seal** that is worn on his **arm**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternately, you could express the point of comparison as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “Please keep me very near to you”
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||||
8:6 ixip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ 1 The word which the ULT translates as **hand** can refer to any part of the arm, including the wrist and hand. The phrase **the seal on your arm** refers to a **seal** that is worn on a bracelet on the wrist. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “like a seal worn on your wrist” or “like a seal worn on a bracelet on your wrist”
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8:6 eq3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כַּֽחוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔ךָ 1 The speaker is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would help your readers, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “place me like the seal on your arm”
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8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַזָּ֤ה כַמָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִשְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 The phrase **strong like death is love** and the phrase **unyielding like Sheol is jealousy** are both similes for the power of romantic love. The point of comparison between romantic **love** and **death** is that they are both very strong and overcome a person in a powerful and irresistible way. The point of comparison between **Sheol** and the **jealousy** of romantic love is that they are both **unyielding**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison from your culture.
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8:6 bqf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַמָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea with a verb, as modeled by the UST, or you could express it in some other way that is natural in your language.
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8:6 kkfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָשָׁ֥ה כִשְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 Here, the word **jealousy** could: (1) have the positive meaning “zeal.” Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is the zeal lovers have for each other” or “the passionate feelings lovers have for one another is unyielding like Sheol” (2) refer to the negative feeling of a lover being jealous for the affection, love, and attention of the person they love romantically. Alternate translation: “the jealousy lovers have toward one another is unyielding like Sheol”
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8:6 fgrc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִשְׁא֖וֹל 1 This line is parallel in meaning to the preceding line. The woman is again referring to **death**. Here, she is describing **death** by association with **Sheol**, which is where dead people were thought to go in that culture. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language, as modeled by the UST, or use an equivalent expression from your culture.
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8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְשָׁפֶ֕יהָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here, the woman is speaking of the **jealousy** of love as if it were **flashes of fire** and **the flame of Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love’s jealousy is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh”
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8:6 tw71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 The phrase **the flame of Yah** is an idiom that refers to lightening. If your readers would not understand this, you could use use plain language or indicate the meaning in a footnote. Alternate translation: “the lightening of Yah” or “the flashes of lightening”
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8:7 baf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְכַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽאַהֲבָ֔ה וּנְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּהָ 1 Here, **love** is spoken of as though it is a strongly burning fire which **Many waters** (a great amount of water) cannot **quench** and which **rivers** cannot **drown**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love is so strong that it is like a strong fire that great amounts of water cannot quench and which rivers full of water cannot put out” or “The feelings of love which a man and a woman who are lovers have for each other is very strong” or “Nothing can stop romantic love” \n
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8:7 j0q6 מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְכַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽאַהֲבָ֔ה וּנְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּהָ 1 Alternate translation: “Nothing can extinguish our love for each other, not even a flood”
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8:7 riom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אֶת־הָֽאַהֲבָ֔ה & בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the same idea with a verb, as modeled by the UST, or you could express it in some other way that is natural in your language.
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8:7 jwh1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact אִם־יִתֵּ֨ן אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־כָּל־ה֤וֹן בֵּיתוֹ֙ בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה בּ֖וֹז יָב֥וּזוּ לֽוֹ 1 The woman speaks as if this were a hypothetical situation, but she means that it must be true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, then you could translate the woman’s words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “Even though a man tries to give all the wealth of his house in exchange for love, his offer will be utterly despised” \n
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8:7 n3pn בָּאַהֲבָ֔ה 1 Alternate translation: “in order to get love” or “in order to buy love”
|
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8:7 bir4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֽוֹ 1 The word the ULT translates as **it** could: (1) refer to **all the wealth of his house** and be translated as “it” as modeled by the ULT. (2) could refer to the **man** who is offering **all the wealth of his house in exchange for love**. Alternate translation: “him”
|
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8:8-9 qj9z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אָח֥וֹת לָ֨נוּ֙ קְטַנָּ֔ה וְשָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑הּ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂה֙ לַאֲחֹתֵ֔נוּ בַּיּ֖וֹם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽהּ & אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף וְאִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖יהָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, the the majority of Bible scholars think that the woman’s brothers are speaking here. Because of this and because the phrases **A sister belongs to us** and **What will we do with our sister** in 8:8 seem to indicate that the woman’s brothers are speaking, the most likely view is that they are the the ones speaking so if you choose to use headers you can place a header above 8:8-9, indicating that the woman’s brothers are speaking as modeled by the UST.
|
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8:8 au5a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קְטַנָּ֔ה 1 Here, the phrase **a little one** means “a young one” or “a younger one.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “a young one” or “a younger one”
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8:8 ada0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְשָׁדַ֖יִם אֵ֣ין לָ֑הּ 1 The phrase **and breasts there are not for her** is an idiom expressing that the woman’s brothers think she is not yet ready for marriage and means that her breasts are small and have not fully formed and are therefore small indicating that she has not reached full physical maturity. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “and she is not yet fully grown” or “and her breasts are still small” or “and she is not yet ready for marriage”
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8:8 t9yn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בַּיּ֖וֹם 1 The phrase **on the day** is an idiom meaning “at the time.” If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language as modeled by the UST.
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8:8 tzso rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בַּיּ֖וֹם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽהּ 1 The phrase **the day when it is spoken for her** means “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” and betrothed to a man. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “on the day when she is pledged to be married” or “on the day when she is spoken for in marriage” or “on the day when she is betrothed to be married”
|
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8:8 rs4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּֽהּ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the context implies that the brothers are the ones who will do it. Alternate translation: “when we speak for her by promising a man that he can marry her”
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8:9 mpf5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִם־חוֹמָ֣ה הִ֔יא נִבְנֶ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ טִ֣ירַת כָּ֑סֶף 1 Here, the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a wall** that they would **build...a battlement of silver** upon. The meaning of this metaphor could be: (1) that they would makes effort to protect her virginity as if she were **a wall** that they were seeking to protect by building a silver battlement on (a battlement was a row of stones that was built on top of a wall for the purpose of protecting it). Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like how we would protect a wall by building a battlement of silver on it” (2) that her chest was flat like a wall because her breasts were not yet fully formed and so they would try to make her more attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her with silver jewels. Alternate translation: “If her chest is flat like a wall, we will decorate it by putting silver jewels that are like towers on it”
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8:9 durb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְאִם־דֶּ֣לֶת הִ֔יא נָצ֥וּר עָלֶ֖יהָ ל֥וּחַ אָֽרֶז 1 Here, the woman’s brothers are speaking of their sister as if she were **a door** that they would **enclose** with **boards of cedar**. The meaning of this metaphor could be: (1) that they would makes effort to protect her virginity as if she were **a door** that they would **enclose** with **boards of cedar**. Alternate translation: “We will protect her virginity like how we would enclose a door with boards of cedar” (2) that her chest was flat like a door because her breasts were not yet fully formed and so they would try to make her more attractive for the man she was going to marry by adorning her like how they would decorate a door with cedar wood (The word the ULT translates as **enclose** is identical in form to another word which means “decorate” so it is possible that “decorate” could be the intended idea here). Alternate translation: “And if she is flat like a door, we will decorate her like how we would decorate a door with planks of cedar wood”
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8:10-12 bllz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה וְשָׁדַ֖י כַּמִּגְדָּל֑וֹת אָ֛ז הָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינָ֖יו כְּמוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 The author does not say who is speaking here so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above 8:10 indicating that the speaker is the woman.
|
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8:10-12 ewqv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo כֶּ֣רֶם הָיָ֤ה לִשְׁלֹמֹה֙ בְּבַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן נָתַ֥ן אֶת־הַכֶּ֖רֶם לַנֹּטְרִ֑ים אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּפִרְי֖וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף & כָּרְמִ֥י שֶׁלִּ֖י לְפָנָ֑י הָאֶ֤לֶף לְךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּמָאתַ֖יִם לְנֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽוֹ 1 Because the author does not say who is speaking you should not indicate who is speaking in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking the speaker could be: (1) the woman in both 8:11 and 8:12. If you decide that the woman is speaking in these verses you can follow the example of the UST and include theses two verses under the section heading for 8:10 that indicates the woman is speaking. (2) the man in both verses. If you decide the man is speaking in these verses you can put a section header at the top of 8:11 indicating that the man is speaking.
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8:10 n2vy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֲנִ֣י חוֹמָ֔ה 1 Here, the woman continues the metaphor of a wall that her brothers began in the preceding verse. By referring to herself as **a wall** here, she could: (1) be indicating that she had remained a virgin. Alternate translation: “I was like a wall and remained a virgin” (2) be referring to her chest and saying that in the past her breasts were not fully formed. Alternate translation: “My chest was previously flat like a wall”
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8:10 r3ez וְשָׁדַ֖י 1 Alternate translation: “but now my breasts are”
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8:10 mc78 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile וְשָׁדַ֖י כַּמִּגְדָּל֑וֹת 1 The point of this comparison is that the woman’s breasts are large **like towers**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the point of this comparison or you could express this meaning in plain language. Alternate translation: “and now my breasts are large” or “and now my breasts are fully grown”
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8:10 jdgq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אָ֛ז 1 The word translated as **then** indicates that what follows is a result of what came before it. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “this is why” or “as a result”
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8:10 rll2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינָ֖יו 1 Here, the phrase **in his eyes** uses **eyes** to represent the man’s evaluation or estimation. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “I am in his judgment ” or “he thinks of me” or “I was in his opinion”
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8:10 vs14 כְּמוֹצְאֵ֥ת 1 The word the ULT translates as **finds** could mean: (1) “finds.” If you choose this option you should translate this word in a similar way to the ULT. (2) “brings.” Alternate translation: “like a person who brings”
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8:10 b5uu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָיִ֥יתִי בְעֵינָ֖יו כְּמוֹצְאֵ֥ת שָׁלֽוֹם 1 Here, the word **peace** refers to “favor.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “I found favor in his eyes”
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8:11 x2c3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בְּבַ֣עַל הָמ֔וֹן 1 **Baal Hamon** is the name of a place. Then name **Baal Hamon** means “master of wealth.” Because the meaning of the name has significance here you could include a footnote in your translation indicating that the name **Baal Hamon** means “master of wealth, wealthy master, wealthy lord, possessor of abundance.”
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8:11 b1b3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown לַנֹּטְרִ֑ים 1 Here, the term **keepers** refers to farmers who rent land from a land owner and pay the land owner in order to farm the land (Here, the amount the **keepers** payed **Solomon** the land owner to farm his land was **a thousand pieces of silver**). If your readers would not be familiar with this type of farmer, you could describe what this term means in your translation. Alternate translation: “people who would pay him so that they could farm it” or “men who would pay him so that they could farm it”
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8:11 mz3u נָתַ֥ן אֶת־הַכֶּ֖רֶם לַנֹּטְרִ֑ים 1 Alternate translation: “He rented the vineyard to keepers” or “He leased the vineyard to keepers" or “He agreed to let keepers pay him so they could grow grapes in the vineyard”
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8:11 h77m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אִ֛ישׁ יָבִ֥א בְּפִרְי֖וֹ אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף 1 Here, the phrase **its fruit** refers to the fruit of **the vineyard** and the phrase **Each person** refers to each of the **keepers**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Each keeper brought in exchange for the fruit of the vineyard a thousand pieces of silver” or “Each keeper brought Solomon a thousand pieces of silver as payment for the fruit of the vineyard”
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8:11 t2dp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney אֶ֥לֶף כָּֽסֶף 1 Alternate translation: “a thousand silver coins”
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8:12 za66 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כָּרְמִ֥י 1 Here, the phrase **My vineyard** is a metaphor (see the section on [8:12](../08/12.md) in the chapter intro for the meaning of this entire verse). Here, the phrase **My vineyard** could be: (1) the woman referring to herself as a **vineyard**, as she did in [1:6](../01/06.md). Alternate translation: “I am like a vineyard” or “My body is like a vineyard” (2) the man referring to the woman he loves as if she were his **vineyard**. Alternate translation: “The woman who I love is like my vineyard” or “The woman who I love is like a vineyard”
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8:12 gc75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְפָנָ֑י 1 The phrase **is before me** means “is mine to give.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is at my disposal” or “is mine to do with as I desire” or “is mine to give to whom I choose”
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8:12 a9gc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit הָאֶ֤לֶף לְךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וּמָאתַ֖יִם לְנֹטְרִ֥ים אֶת־פִּרְיֽוֹ 1 Here, the word **thousand** refers to the “thousand pieces of silver” mentioned in the previous verse and the phrase **the two hundred** refers to the two hundred pieces of silver that **Solomon** would have paid to **the people who are keepers** of the vineyards **fruit**. would If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “The thousand pieces of silver belong to you, Solomon, and the two hundred pieces of silver belong to the people who you pay to be keepers of the vineyard’s fruit”
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8:12 m0qa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe הָאֶ֤לֶף לְךָ֙ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה 1 Here, the woman could be: (1) speaking as if **Solomon** is present with her even though he is not in order to use him as an example. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could translate these words in a way that does not make it seem like the woman is speaking directly to **Solomon** but rather indicates that she is speaking about **Solomon**. Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to Solomon” (2) The woman could be calling the man she loves by the name **Solomon** (even though he was not Solomon) as term of endearment similar to how she called the man she loved “The king” in [1:4](../01/04.md). Alternate translation: “The thousand belong to you the man I love, you who are like king Solomon” or “The thousand belong to you the man I love, you who I call Solomon”
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8:13 jpoa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo הַיוֹשֶׁ֣בֶת בַּגַּנִּ֗ים חֲבֵרִ֛ים מַקְשִׁיבִ֥ים לְקוֹלֵ֖ךְ הַשְׁמִיעִֽינִי 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating that the man is speaking.
|
||||
8:13 em85 חֲבֵרִ֛ים 1 Here, the term **companions** is masculine in form in the original language and most likely refers to the man’s friends who were shepherds mentioned in [1:7](../01/07.md). See how you translated the term **companions** in [1:7](../01/07.md).
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||||
8:13 zm5h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְקוֹלֵ֖ךְ 1 Here, the word **voice** could: (1) represent the woman’s speech (the words she says). Alternate translation: “to hear you speak” (2) refer to the sound of the woman’s voice. Alternate translation: “to hear your voice”
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||||
8:14 arq1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo בְּרַ֣ח ׀ דּוֹדִ֗י וּֽדְמֵה־לְךָ֤ לִצְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר הָֽאַיָּלִ֔ים עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The author does not say who is speaking in this verse so you should not indicate who you think is speaking explicitly in the text of your translation. However, if you are using section headers to indicate who is speaking, as the UST does, you can place a header above this section indicating that the woman is speaking.
|
||||
8:14 c6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרַ֣ח 1 Here, the word **Flee** means “come quickly.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Come quickly” or “Hurry”
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8:14 zh44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile דּוֹדִ֗י וּֽדְמֵה־לְךָ֤ לִצְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר הָֽאַיָּלִ֔ים 1 See how you translated the similar expression “My beloved is resembling a gazelle or a young stag” in [2:9](../02/09.md).
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8:14 mqx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The phrase **on the mountains of spices** has a double meaning. The literal meaning refers to **mountains** where **spices** grow. The metaphorical meaning is that the woman herself is the **mountains** where **spices** grow and the woman wants the man to come to her and enjoy her body like **a gazelle or a young stag** on **mountains** of **spices**. If it would help your readers, you could indicate the metaphorical meaning in a footnote.
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8:14 fo1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְשָׂמִֽים 1 **balsam trees** are a type of spice tree. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of tree, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the spice trees”
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8:14 vrp7 my beloved 0
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Reference in New Issue