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@ -678,66 +678,213 @@ front:intro r2f2 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Mark\n\n## Part 1: General
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4:41 u8e1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν, ὅτι καὶ ὁ ἄνεμος καὶ ἡ θάλασσα ὑπακούει αὐτῷ? 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could turn this into two sentences, one asking the question, and the other giving the reason for the question. Alternate translation: “Who then is this? Even the wind and the sea obey him!”
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4:41 biog τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν, ὅτι καὶ ὁ ἄνεμος καὶ ἡ θάλασσα ὑπακούει αὐτῷ 1 This is a genuine question, not a statement in question form. The disciples are looking for information about what kind of person Jesus could be if he can do these things. Alternate translation: “Who then is this person, for even the wind and the sea obey him”
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4:41 hc6s rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result τίς ἄρα 1 Here, the word **then** indicates that the disciples ask this question in response to what Jesus has done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “So then, who” or “Given what he just did, who”
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5:intro lh25 0 # Mark 5 General Notes\n\n## Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### “Talitha, koum”\n\nThe words **Talitha, koum** ([Mark 5:41](../mrk/05/41.md)) are from the Aramaic language. Mark writes them the way they sound and then translates them. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### The historic present\n\nTo call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. In this chapter, the historic present occurs in verses 7, 9, 19, 22, 23, 31, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40 and 41. If it would not be natural in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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5:1 fix1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ ἦλθον εἰς τὸ πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης, εἰς τὴν χώραν τῶν Γερασηνῶν 1 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThis verse acts as an introduction to the next story. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “After this, they came to the other side of the Sea of Galilee, to the region where the Gerasenes lived”
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5:1 gt8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἦλθον 1 Your language may say “went” rather than **came** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they went”
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5:1 vsc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names τῶν Γερασηνῶν 1 The name **Gerasenes** refers to the people who live in Gerasa.
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5:2 pf16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐν πνεύματι ἀκαθάρτῳ 1 This is an idiom meaning that the man is controlled by the unclean spirit. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “whom an unclean spirit controlled”
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5:4 nsol rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background διὰ τὸ αὐτὸν πολλάκις πέδαις καὶ ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι, καὶ διεσπάσθαι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ τὰς ἁλύσεις καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἴσχυεν αὐτὸν δαμάσαι 1 This verse and the next verse function as background information to tell the reader about this man who was controlled by an evil spirit. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
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5:4 da4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive αὐτὸν πολλάκις & δεδέσθαι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people had bound him many times”
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5:4 nep6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he shattered his shackles”
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5:4 fk7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown πέδαις 1 Here, **shackles** are pieces of metal that people wrap around the arms and legs of prisoners. The shackles are then attached with chains to objects that do not move so the prisoners cannot move far. Think of an object in your culture that is used to constrain people.
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5:6 y6c2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-sequential καὶ ἰδὼν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ μακρόθεν, ἔδραμεν καὶ προσεκύνησεν αὐτῷ 1 After **having seen Jesus**, the man then ran to him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could show this relationship by using a fuller phrase. Alternate translation: “After the man saw Jesus from a distance, he then ran to him and bowed down before him”
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5:7-8 ux6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-events 0 # General Information:\n\nIf it would be helpful in your language, the information in this verse and 5:8 may be reordered to present the events in the order that they happened, as in the UST.
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5:7 ppu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί Ἰησοῦ, Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου? 1 The unclean spirit asks this question out of fear. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “Leave me alone, Jesus, Son of the Most High God!”
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5:7 kd19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου 1 **Son of the Most High God** is an important title for Jesus.
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5:9 h6ch rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive λέγει αὐτῷ, Λεγιὼν ὄνομά μοι, ὅτι πολλοί ἐσμεν. 1 The spirit who is speaking speaks on behalf of all of the spirits who are possessing the man. Here, **we** includes him and all of the other spirits. Make sure that this is understood in your translation.
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5:9 oa64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Λεγιὼν ὄνομά μοι, ὅτι πολλοί ἐσμεν 1 A **Legion** is the name of a group of 6,000 Roman soldiers. The unclean spirit uses this name to tell Jesus that they **are many**. If this would be misunderstood in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “My name is Legion. This is our name because there are many of us”
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5:10 gtq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background καὶ παρεκάλει αὐτὸν πολλὰ, ἵνα μὴ αὐτὰ ἀποστείλῃ ἔξω τῆς χώρας 1 Mark inserts this verse and the following verse to give important information about what Jesus does with the spirits. Use the natural form in your language for expressing background information.
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5:13 iff6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτοῖς 1 It may be helpful to your readers to state clearly what Jesus allowed the **unclean spirits** to do. Alternate translation: “Jesus allowed the unclean spirits to do what they asked permission to do”
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5:13 a28z rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers ὡς δισχίλιοι 1 Alternate translation: “about two thousand pigs”
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5:13 ntl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξελθόντα 1 Your language may say “gone” rather than **come** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “having gone out”
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5:15 qih4 τὸν λεγεῶνα 1 **Legion** was the name of the many demons that were in the man. See how you translated this in [Mark 5:9](../05/09.md).
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5:15 fb4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom σωφρονοῦντα 1 This is an idiom meaning that he is thinking clearly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “being of a normal mind” or “thinking clearly”
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5:18 pup5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἵνα μετ’ αὐτοῦ ᾖ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: “by pleading, ‘Please let me stay with you!’”
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5:19 e21m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ οὐκ ἀφῆκεν αὐτόν 1 Jesus was not allowing the man to get into the boat and be with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “But he did not allow the man to come with him in the boat”
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5:20 g8ed rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names τῇ Δεκαπόλει 1 **Decapolis** is the name of a region that means “Ten Cities.” It is located to the southeast of the Sea of Galilee.
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5:20 y8vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis πάντες ἐθαύμαζον 1 It may be helpful to state who the people were who were **marveling**.
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5:intro lh25 0 # Mark 5 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\n2. The ministry of Jesus in Galilee (1:14–8:26)\n * Becoming more popular among the people (3:7–5:43)\n * Casting demons out of a man (5:1–20)\n * Healing a woman and resurrecting a girl (5:21–43)\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### Resurrecting the dead\n\nIn [5:21–24](../05/21.md) and [5:35–43](../05/35.md), Mark narrates how Jesus raised a girl from the dead. While Jesus describes her as only “sleeping,” he uses this word to indicate that the girl will “wake up” from being dead. The story clearly indicates that the girl had died and that Jesus raises her from the dead by touching her.\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### How to refer to the demons and the demon-possessed man\n\nIn [5:1–20](../05/01.md), Jesus encounters a man whom demons had possessed. As Jesus interacts with this man, it becomes clear that there are three different entities who are involved. First, there is the man himself, but what he says and does is only what the demons want him to do. Second, there is a specific demon who seems to act as the spokesperson or leader for multiple demons. Third, there are the other demons, of whom there are so many that the man is called “Legion.” As Mark narrates the story, he sometimes refers to the man, sometimes to the individual demon, and sometimes to all the demons. Further, it is not always clear which of these three entities speaks and is spoken to by Jesus. Consider how you might refer to a demon-possessed person in this situation. If possible, preserve Mark’s switches between singular and plural, since learning that there are many demons is an important part of the story. Further, Mark implies that the man and the demons are so closely connected that referring to what the man did is the same as referring to what the demons did, and vice versa.\n\n### Singular and plural forms of “you”\n\nMany of the forms of “you” in this chapter appear in dialogues between Jesus and other individuals. Because of this, most forms of “you” in this chapter are singular. You should assume forms of “you” are singular unless a note specifies that the form is plural. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])\n\n### The historic present\n\nTo call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. In this chapter, the historic present occurs in verses 7, 9, 15, 19, 22, 23, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40 and 41. If it would not be natural in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense]])
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5:1 fix1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ 1 Here, the word **And** introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **And** untranslated. Alternate translation: “After that,”
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5:1 gt8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἦλθον 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “they came”
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5:1 vsc7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names τῶν Γερασηνῶν 1 The name **Gerasenes** refers to the people who lived in and near the town of Gerasa.
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5:1 dzc1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants τῶν Γερασηνῶν 1 Many ancient manuscripts read **Gerasenes**. The ULT follows that reading. Some ancient manuscripts read “Gadarenes,” and other ancient manuscripts read “Gergesenes.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
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5:2 pf16 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξελθόντος 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “come” instead of **gone**. Alternate translation: “having come out”
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5:2 zwtq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants ὑπήντησεν αὐτῷ ἐκ τῶν μνημείων ἄνθρωπος ἐν πνεύματι ἀκαθάρτῳ 1 Here Mark introduces **a man with an unclean spirit** as a new participant in the story. If your language has its own way of introducing new participants, you could use it here in your translation. Alternate translation: “a certain man came from the tombs to meet him. This man had an unclean spirit”
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5:3 pinm rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background ὃς τὴν κατοίκησιν εἶχεν ἐν τοῖς μνήμασιν 1 Here Mark provides background information that will help readers understand what happens next. This background information continues in [5:4](../05/04.md) and [5:5](../05/05.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “and here is what that man was like. He had his dwelling in the tombs”
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5:3-4 nll4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge καὶ οὐδὲ ἁλύσει οὐκέτι οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο αὐτὸν δῆσαι & διὰ τὸ αὐτὸν πολλάκις πέδαις καὶ ἁλύσεσι δεδέσθαι, καὶ διεσπάσθαι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ τὰς ἁλύσεις καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἴσχυεν αὐτὸν δαμάσαι 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [5:3](../05/03.md) and [5:4](../05/04.md) into a verse bridge in order to include the basis for the claim that **no one was able to bind him anymore** before the claim. Alternate translation: “and he had often been bound with shackles and chains, and the chains had been torn apart by him and the shackles had been shattered. So, no one was strong enough to subdue him or to bind him anymore, not even with a chain”
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5:3 pjsx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οὐκέτι οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο αὐτὸν δῆσαι 1 Here Mark implies that people tried to **bind** this man to keep him from hurting people and breaking things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “no one was able to bind him anymore to keep him from hurting others” or “no one was able to use bonds to restrain him anymore”
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5:3 dryi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐκέτι οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο 1 The words translated **no one** and **anymore** are two negative words. In this construction, the second negative does not cancel the first to create a positive meaning. Instead, it gives greater emphasis to the negative. If your language can use two negatives that do not cancel one another to create a positive meaning, you could use a double negative here. If your language does not use two negatives in that way, you could translate with one strong negative, as the ULT does. Alternate translation: “people were able … no longer”\n
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5:3 nsol rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ἁλύσει 1 A **chain** is a long, flexible fastener that is made out of multiple rings of metal connected together. Chains are usually used to secure objects or bind things together. If your readers would not be familiar with chains, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with metal links connected together”
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5:4 da4x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive αὐτὸν πολλάκις & δεδέσθαι 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the people who lived nearby. Alternate translation: “the people who lived there had often bound him”
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5:4 fk7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown πέδαις & τὰς πέδας 1 The word **shackles** refers to pieces of metal that are fastened around the ankles of prisoners. These pieces of metal are connected together by ropes or chains, which prevent the prisoners from moving quickly or far. If your readers would not be familiar with shackles, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with leg irons … the leg irons” or “with strong restraints … the restraints”
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5:4 dk1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ἁλύσεσι & τὰς ἁλύσεις 1 See how you translated the word **chains** in [5:3](../05/03.md). Alternate translation: “metal links connected together … the metal links”
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5:4 rjo3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ 2 Here, the word **and** introduces what the demon-possessed man did in contrast to what the people who tied him up wanted him to do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “but”
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5:4 nep6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive διεσπάσθαι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ τὰς ἁλύσεις καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he had torn apart the chains and had shattered the shackles”
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5:5 ohvk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom διὰ παντὸς νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας 1 Here, the phrase **throughout every night and day** indicates that this man was **crying out and cutting himself with stones** during both the day and the night. This means that he was doing those things very often every day. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “during every day and every night”
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5:6 y6c2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ ἰδὼν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ μακρόθεν 1 Here Mark stops giving background information and returns to the events in the story that he is telling. He implies that the man saw Jesus when he arrived in the boat from the other side of the Sea of Galilee (see [5:1–2](../05/01.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Now, having seen Jesus from a distance when he got out of the boat”
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5:6 w9zd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction προσεκύνησεν αὐτῷ 1 In the Jesus’ culture, bowing down to a person was a way to honor a greater person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to a similar action from your culture, or you could explain what bowing down means. Alternate translation: “prostrated himself before him” or “bowed down to him in respect”
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5:7-8 ux6u rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge καὶ κράξας φωνῇ μεγάλῃ λέγει, τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί Ἰησοῦ, Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου? ὁρκίζω σε τὸν Θεόν, μή με βασανίσῃς & ἔλεγεν γὰρ αὐτῷ, ἔξελθε, τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἀκάθαρτον ἐκ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [5:7](../05/07.md) and [5:8](../05/08.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to include the reason why the man cried out as he did before stating that the man cried out. Alternate translation: “And Jesus was saying to him, ‘Come out from the man, unclean spirit.’ So, crying out with a loud voice, he says, ‘What to me and to you, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? I make you swear by God, do not torment me.’”
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5:7 x6qj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom κράξας φωνῇ μεγάλῃ 1 Here, the phrase **crying out with a loud voice** means that the demon raised the volume of its voice. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “having yelled loudly”
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5:7 zfo5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he said”
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5:7 ppu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί Ἰησοῦ, Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου? 1 The man, controlled by the demon, is using the question form to insist on something urgently. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “There is nothing to me and to you, Jesus, Son of the Most High God!”
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5:7 fatr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί 1 Here, the question **What to me and to you** asks whether **you** and **me** have anything in common or have any reason to be together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “What do you and I have in common” or “What reason do you have to get involved with me”
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5:7 kd19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου 1 **Son of the Most High God** is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship with God the Father.
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5:7 urq0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula ὁρκίζω σε τὸν Θεόν 1 Here the man, controlled by the demon, puts Jesus under oath, or makes him **swear by God** that he will not **torment** him. Use a natural way in your language to express an oath. Alternate translation: “I make you swear before God” or “I require that you solemnly promise God”
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5:8 ahtn rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the man, controlled by the demon, acted as he did. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason or basis for an action, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “He said that because” or “That was because”
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5:9 j3h0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he said”
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5:9 h6ch rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result Λεγιὼν ὄνομά μοι, ὅτι πολλοί ἐσμεν. 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “We are many, so my name is Legion”
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5:9 oa64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Λεγιὼν 1 A **Legion** is the name of a group of about 6,000 soldiers. So, translate the word **Legion** with a word in your language that refers to a large number of soldiers. You could show that this was the name of the man by using the convention in your language for proper names. Alternate translation: “is Army” or “is Battalion” or “is Brigade”
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5:9 pdyp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πολλοί ἐσμεν 1 Here the demon indicates that he is speaking for many demons who are together controlling the man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I and the other demons with me are many”
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5:10 gtq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations πολλὰ, ἵνα μὴ αὐτὰ ἀποστείλῃ ἔξω τῆς χώρας 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “often, ‘Do not send us demons out of this region’” or “often, ‘Do not send the legion of demons out of this region’”
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5:11 jvrk rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background δὲ 1 Mark uses the word **But** to introduce background information that will help readers understand what happens next. It does not introduce another event in the story. Use a natural form in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “Meanwhile,” or “At the same time,”
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5:12 ttpu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγοντες 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and they said”
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5:12 kkf9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πέμψον ἡμᾶς εἰς τοὺς χοίρους 1 Here the demons imply that they want Jesus to **Send** them **into the pigs** when Jesus casts them out of the man. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Whenever you cast us out of this man, send us into the pigs”
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5:12 trn9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative πέμψον 1 This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a polite request rather than as a command. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “We ask that you send”
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5:12 zmsp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς & εἰσέλθωμεν 1 Here, the words **us** and **we** refer only to the demons, not to Jesus or any of his disciples. Your language may require you to mark this form.
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5:12 z2j0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit εἰς αὐτοὺς εἰσέλθωμεν 1 Here the demons speak of wanting to **enter into** the herd of pigs. They mean that they want to enter and control the pigs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “we might enter into them and possess them”
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5:13 iff6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτοῖς 1 Here Mark implies that Jesus **permitted** the demons to enter into the pigs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “he permitted them to enter into the pigs”
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5:13 lfgr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτοῖς 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “he told them, ‘You may do so’”
|
||||
5:13 lv3q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐξελθόντα 1 Here Mark implies that the demons came out of the man whom they had been controlling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “having come out of the man whom they had been possessing”
|
||||
5:13 ntl1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξελθόντα 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “gone” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “having gone out”
|
||||
5:13 zsd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit εἰσῆλθον εἰς τοὺς χοίρους 1 See how you translated the similar phrase in [5:12](../05/12.md). Alternate translation: “entered into the pigs and possessed them”
|
||||
5:13 a28z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὡς δισχίλιοι 1 Here Mark indicates that the herd was made up of **about 2,000** pigs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “which was made up of about 2,000 pigs” or “about 2,000 pigs in all”
|
||||
5:13 tdfk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐπνίγοντο 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “died by drowning”
|
||||
5:14 cw1g rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants καὶ οἱ βόσκοντες αὐτοὺς ἔφυγον 1 Here Mark introduces **the ones feeding them** as new characters in the story. Use a natural form in your language for introducing new characters. Alternate translation: “And the ones feeding them were there. They ran away”
|
||||
5:14 e32p οἱ βόσκοντες αὐτοὺς 1 Alternate translation: “the ones who were herding the pigs”
|
||||
5:14 m4r2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism εἰς τὴν πόλιν καὶ εἰς τοὺς ἀγρούς 1 Here, Mark is referring to that whole region by naming its two primary parts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “throughout the whole area”
|
||||
5:14 zser rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit εἰς τὴν πόλιν καὶ εἰς τοὺς ἀγρούς 1 Here, the **city** is most likely Gerasa, since Jesus got out of the boat near this town (see [5:1](../05/01.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “in the town of Gerasa and in the countryside around it”
|
||||
5:14 hlen rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἐξῆλθον 1 The pronoun **they** refers to the people who were living **in the city and in the countryside**. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to these people more directly. Alternate translation: “the people who lived in those places went out”
|
||||
5:14 y60p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξῆλθον 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of **went**. Alternate translation: “they came out”
|
||||
5:15 g25a rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense ἔρχονται & θεωροῦσιν 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “they came … saw”
|
||||
5:15 yghh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἔρχονται 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “go” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “they go”
|
||||
5:15 g5j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸν δαιμονιζόμενον 1 Here Mark is referring to the man who had been **demon-possessed** until Jesus forced the demons out. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the one who used to be demon-possessed”
|
||||
5:15 jkqa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τὸν δαιμονιζόμενον 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one whom the demons possessed”
|
||||
5:15 vvsf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἱματισμένον καὶ σωφρονοῦντα 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wearing clothes and having a sound mind”
|
||||
5:15 fb4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom σωφρονοῦντα 1 Here, the phrase **being sound-minded** means that the man was acting rationally and thinking like a normal person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “thinking sanely” or “acting rationally”
|
||||
5:15 dg5o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom τὸν ἐσχηκότα τὸν λεγεῶνα 1 Here Mark means that the man had been possessed or controlled by **the legion**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the one that had been possessed by the legion” or “the one whom the legion had possessed”
|
||||
5:15 qih4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown τὸν λεγεῶνα 1 See how you translated the word **legion** in [Mark 5:9](../05/09.md). Here, however, the word is a not a name, so use the appropriate form to refer to a large number of demons. Alternate translation: “the army” or “the battalion” or “the brigade”
|
||||
5:15 ntu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐφοβήθησαν 1 The implication is that **they were afraid** of what else such a powerful person as Jesus might do. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “they were afraid of what else Jesus might do, since they recognized what great power he had”
|
||||
5:16 yy4b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οἱ ἰδόντες 1 Here Mark implies that these people saw what happened to the man and the pigs. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “those who had seen what had happened”
|
||||
5:16 is0r rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τῷ δαιμονιζομένῳ 1 Here Mark is referring to the man who had been **demon-possessed** until Jesus forced the demons out. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. See how you expressed the similar phrase in [5:15](../05/15.md). Alternate translation: “to the one who used to be demon-possessed”
|
||||
5:16 nivb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τῷ δαιμονιζομένῳ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to the one whom the demons possessed”
|
||||
5:17 hhqm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations αὐτὸν ἀπελθεῖν ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων αὐτῶν 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “him, ‘Please depart from our region’”
|
||||
5:18 z69m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ δαιμονισθεὶς 1 Here Mark is referring to the man who had been **demon-possessed** until Jesus forced the demons out. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. See how you expressed the similar phrase in [5:15](../05/15.md). Alternate translation: “the one who used to be demon-possessed”
|
||||
5:18 ayyh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὁ δαιμονισθεὶς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one whom the demons had possessed”
|
||||
5:18 pup5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations αὐτὸν & ἵνα μετ’ αὐτοῦ ᾖ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this as a direct quotation. Alternate translation: “him, ‘Please let me me be with you!’”
|
||||
5:18 gbni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom μετ’ αὐτοῦ ᾖ 1 Here Mark means that the man wanted to go wherever Jesus went, listen to what he said, and spend much time with him as a disciple. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “he might go with him” or “he might follow him”
|
||||
5:19 m8oq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ 1 Here, the word **And** introduces what Jesus said in contrast to what the man wanted him to say. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “But”
|
||||
5:19 wssd rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he said”
|
||||
5:19 p7iq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοὺς σούς 1 Here, the phrase translated **your {people}** could refer to: (1) the man’s family, relatives, and friends. Alternate translation: “the people you know” (2) just the man’s family. Alternate translation: “your family”
|
||||
5:19 dxnp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ὅσα ὁ Κύριός σοι πεποίηκεν, καὶ ἠλέησέν σε 1 The phrases **has done for you** and **had mercy on you** mean similar things. Jesus is using the two phrases together for emphasis. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternatively, you could combine the two phrases. Alternate translation: “as much as the Lord has done for you; yes, as much as he has had mercy on you” or “as much as the Lord has mercifully done for you”
|
||||
5:19 h82t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὁ Κύριός & πεποίηκεν 1 Here, the phrase **the Lord** could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “God, the Lord, has done” (2) Jesus. Alternate translation: “I, the Lord, have done”
|
||||
5:19 e4y6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἠλέησέν σε 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **mercy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “been merciful to you”
|
||||
5:20 g8ed rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names τῇ Δεκαπόλει 1 The word **Decapolis** is a name for a region to the southeast of Galilee. The name means “the Ten Towns.”
|
||||
5:20 y8vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj πάντες 1 Mark is using the adjective **all** as a noun to mean all the people who heard what the man proclaimed. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “all the people who listened to him”
|
||||
5:21 lbcd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ διαπεράσαντος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ πάλιν εἰς τὸ πέραν, συνήχθη ὄχλος πολὺς ἐπ’ αὐτόν, καὶ ἦν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν 1 This verse introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form that introduces a new event. Alternate translation: “At that time, Jesus crossed over again to the other side in the boat. When he arrived, a great crowd was gathered around him, and he was beside the sea.”
|
||||
5:21 pf3x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit διαπεράσαντος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 Here Mark implies that the disciples were traveling with Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Jesus, along with his disciples, having crossed over”
|
||||
5:21 wzus rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit εἰς τὸ πέραν 1 Here Mark implies that Jesus crossed over **to the other side** of the Sea of Galilee. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “to the other side of the lake” or “to the opposite side of the Sea of Galilee”
|
||||
5:21 mtol rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive συνήχθη 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “gathered” or “came together”
|
||||
5:22 ilnk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations ἰδοὺ 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the audience and asks them to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks the audience to listen, or you could draw the audience’s attention in another way. Alternate translation: “picture this” or “suddenly”
|
||||
5:22 s3xe rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants ἔρχεται εἷς τῶν ἀρχισυναγώγων ὀνόματι Ἰάειρος 1 Here Mark introduces the synagogue ruler as a new character in the story. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a new character. Alternate translation: “a man comes. He was one of the synagogue rulers, Jairus by name”
|
||||
5:22 v1dm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ἰάειρος 1 The word **Jairus** is the name of a man.
|
||||
5:22 u1rx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἔρχεται 1 Your language may say “goes” or “went” rather than “comes” or “came” in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “went”
|
||||
5:23 jd27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας 1 The expression **lay our hands** often refers to a prophet or teacher placing his hand or hands on someone and imparting either healing or a blessing. In this case, Jarius is asking Jesus to heal his daughter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “you might heal her” or “you might lay your hands on her to heal her”
|
||||
5:23 kzz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἵνα σωθῇ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “in order that you might heal her”
|
||||
5:25 e2cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants καὶ γυνὴ οὖσα 1 This phrase introduces the woman as a new character in the story. Consider how new people are introduced into a story in your language and use that here.
|
||||
5:25 h58w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος δώδεκα ἔτη 1 The woman did not have an open wound. Rather, her monthly flow of blood would not stop. Your language may have a polite way to refer to this condition.
|
||||
5:27 z2hg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 She had heard reports about how Jesus healed people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “that Jesus had healed people”
|
||||
5:28 alc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἔλεγεν γὰρ 1 This verse tells the reader that the woman had determined to **touch his clothes** in her mind before she actually touched Jesus’ cloak. Think of a way in your language which makes it apparent that this is the reason why she touches Jesus’ cloak.
|
||||
5:28 wge2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σωθήσομαι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language.
|
||||
5:29 c1vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἴαται ἀπὸ τῆς μάστιγος 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the sickness had left her” or “she was no longer sick”
|
||||
5:30 ma2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν 1 When the woman touched Jesus, Jesus felt **his power** healing her. Jesus himself did not lose any of his power to heal people when he healed her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “power from his body had healed someone”
|
||||
5:33 r3a0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet ἡ δὲ γυνὴ, φοβηθεῖσα καὶ τρέμουσα 1 Both the words **afraid** and **trembling** are similar words which are used to show that the woman was very fearful. If your language does not use repetition in this way, you can combine these two words into one expression. Alternate translation: “The woman was very afraid”
|
||||
5:33 b6kz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis εἶπεν αὐτῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 The phrase **the whole truth** refers to how she had touched him and became well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “told him the whole truth about how she had touched him”
|
||||
5:34 gbk8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship θυγάτηρ 1 Jesus used the term **Daughter** to refer to the woman as a believer. She was not actually his daughter. Make sure this is clear to your readers.
|
||||
5:35 t2wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί ἔτι σκύλλεις τὸν διδάσκαλον? 1 The rhetorical question **Why trouble the teacher any longer** is a statement used to express that they should not bother Jesus anymore. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “It is useless to bother the teacher any longer!” or “There is no need to bother the teacher any longer!”
|
||||
5:35 vqt0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure ἡ θυγάτηρ σου ἀπέθανεν; τί ἔτι σκύλλεις τὸν διδάσκαλον? 1 The statement **Your daughter died** explains why he asks the question here. If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “Why trouble the teacher any longer? For your daughter died”
|
||||
5:39 a3ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί θορυβεῖσθε καὶ κλαίετε? 1 Jesus asked this question to help them see their lack of faith. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “This is not a time to be upset and crying!”
|
||||
5:39 dzrk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis τὸ παιδίον οὐκ ἀπέθανεν, ἀλλὰ καθεύδει 1 The words **The child** are assumed in the second phrase. If it would be helpful in your language, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “The child is not dead, but the child is sleeping”
|
||||
5:39 g83c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸ παιδίον οὐκ ἀπέθανεν, ἀλλὰ καθεύδει 1 Jesus is using **is sleeping** to indicate that the death of child is only temporary. That is, although the child had died, Jesus intends to make her alive again. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “The child will not remain dead, but she has died for a short time”
|
||||
5:41 hx3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate ταλιθὰ, κοῦμ! 1 This is an Aramaic phrase which Jesus spoke to the little girl in her language. In your translation, you can spell it the way it sounds in your language and then explain its meaning.
|
||||
5:42 pt5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers ἦν & ἐτῶν δώδεκα 1 Alternate translation: “she was twelve years old”
|
||||
5:42 m49c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit καὶ εὐθὺς ἀνέστη τὸ κοράσιον καὶ περιεπάτει, ἦν γὰρ ἐτῶν δώδεκα 1 Mark includes the information about her age to help his readers understand how **the little girl** immediately **rose up** and began **walking**. She was able to get up and walk because she was old enough to do so. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate that explicitly. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “And immediately the little girl rose up and was walking. She was able to do this because she was 12 years old”
|
||||
5:43 n29k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations καὶ εἶπεν δοθῆναι αὐτῇ φαγεῖν 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “and he said, ‘Something should be given to her to eat’”
|
||||
6:intro kl7n 0 # Mark 6 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### “Anointed with oil”\n\nIn the ancient Near East, people would try to heal sick people by putting olive oil on them.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n### The historic present\n\nTo call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. In this chapter, the historic present occurs in verses 1, 7, 30, 31, 37, 38, 45, 48, 49 and 55. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
|
||||
6:1 mi7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐκεῖθεν, καὶ ἔρχεται εἰς τὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀκολουθοῦσιν αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ 1 # Connecting Statement:\n\nThis verse introduces a new event that happened some time after the events the story has just related. The story does not say how long after those events this new event occurred. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “After a time, Jesus and those who followed him left there and returned to where he grew up”
|
||||
6:1 lpci rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξῆλθεν ἐκεῖθεν, καὶ ἔρχεται εἰς 1 Your language may say “came” rather than **went** or “went” rather than **comes** in contexts such as this. Use whichever is more natural. Alternate translation: “he came out from there and went to”
|
||||
6:2 y4xj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive τίς ἡ σοφία ἡ δοθεῖσα τούτῳ 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “what is this wisdom that God gave to him”
|
||||
6:3 s3wl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τέκτων, ὁ υἱὸς τῆς Μαρίας, καὶ ἀδελφὸς Ἰακώβου, καὶ Ἰωσῆτος, καὶ Ἰούδα, καὶ Σίμωνος? καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν αἱ ἀδελφαὶ αὐτοῦ ὧδε πρὸς ἡμᾶς? 1 Those who were in the synagogue with Jesus are asking all of these questions to emphasize that they know who Jesus is. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way.
|
||||
6:3 tlub rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ἰακώβου & Ἰωσῆτος & Ἰούδα & Σίμωνος 1 These are the names of men.
|
||||
6:3 d2g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche ἐν αὐτῷ 1 The people in the synagogue were not **being caused to stumble** by who Jesus was. They were **caused to stumble** by what he was teaching them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or use plain language. Alternate translation: “by what he said to them”
|
||||
6:4 l436 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative preposition **without**. Alternate translation: “A prophet is always honored”
|
||||
6:4 b42w rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions οὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος, εἰ μὴ 1 If, in your language, it would appear that Jesus was making a statement here and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “The only place that a prophet is not honored is” or “A prophet is honored everywhere except”
|
||||
6:4 y2oa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τοῖς συγγενεῦσιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 These three phrases mean basically the same thing. The second and third emphasize the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. In this case, the second and third phrases are more precise, smaller groups of people. If the repetition might confuse your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “among the people with whom he grew up”
|
||||
6:4 mutm τοῖς συγγενεῦσιν 1 Here, **relatives** refers to people who are related to Jesus, but are not his siblings, mother, or father. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a natural way in your language to express this.
|
||||
6:4 mgbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus uses the phrase **in his own house** to refer to his closest relatives, like his father, mother, or siblings. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “among his closest family members” or “by his father, mother, and siblings”
|
||||
5:22 ser7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense ἔρχεται & πίπτει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “came … he fell”
|
||||
5:22 u1rx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἔρχεται 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “goes” instead of **comes**. Alternate translation: “goes”
|
||||
5:22 ueds rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction πίπτει πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ 1 In Jesus’ culture, falling at someone’s feet was a position used to show respect and reverence. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable expression for a physical position used to show respect or worship, or you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “he throws himself on the ground” or “he falls at his feet to show respect”
|
||||
5:23 xeuz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense παρακαλεῖ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he begged”
|
||||
5:23 oku2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations λέγων 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
|
||||
5:23 x9qg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism ἐσχάτως ἔχει 1 Jairus is uses the phrase **has {her} last** to indicate that his daughter is about to die. This is a polite way of referring to something unpleasant. If it would be helpful in your language, use a different polite way of referring to this, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is on her deathbed” or “will soon breath her last” or “will die soon”
|
||||
5:23 jd27 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα ἐλθὼν, ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ 1 Here, the phrase **so that** introduces what Jairus wants Jesus to do in response to what Jairus has told him about his daughter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduce a desired response to a situation. Alternate translation: “so I ask that you, coming, lay your hands on her” or “and so, coming, I wish that you will lay your hands on her”
|
||||
5:23 budr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐλθὼν 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “going” instead of **coming**. Alternate translation: “going”
|
||||
5:23 kzz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σωθῇ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who would do the action, it is clear from the context that it would be Jesus. Alternate translation: “you might heal her”
|
||||
5:24 ptj7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀπῆλθεν 1 Here Mark implies that the disciples were traveling with Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “he, along with his disciples, went away”
|
||||
5:25 e2cz rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-participants γυνὴ οὖσα ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος δώδεκα ἔτη 1 Here Mark introduces this **woman** as a new character in the story. Use a natural form in your language for introducing a new character. Alternate translation: “there was a woman there. She had been with a flow of blood for 12 years”
|
||||
5:25 h58w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism οὖσα ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος 1 Mark uses the phrase **a flow of blood** to refer discreetly to her condition or illness. She was probably experiencing menstrual bleeding at many times, even when it was not the normal time for that. If your language has a polite way of referring to this condition, you could use that expression here, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “suffering from abnormal menstruation” or “suffering from frequent menstrual bleeding”
|
||||
5:26 mn67 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background καὶ πολλὰ παθοῦσα ὑπὸ πολλῶν ἰατρῶν 1 Here Mark provides background information that will help readers understand what happens next. This background information continues in the first part of [5:27](../05/27.md). Use a natural form in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “and in the past having suffered much from many physicians”
|
||||
5:26 dus5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πολλὰ παθοῦσα ὑπὸ πολλῶν ἰατρῶν 1 Here Mark could mean that the woman: (1) **suffered** from the treatments that the **physicians** used. Alternate translation: “having suffered much from the physicians’ treatments” or “being made to suffer by many physicians” (2) suffering while being treated by the **physicians**. Alternate translation: “having suffered much as physicians tried to treat her”
|
||||
5:26 ogxd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit δαπανήσασα τὰ παρ’ ἑαυτῆς πάντα 1 Here Mark implies that she **spent everything {that was} from herself** to pay the **physicians** to treat her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “having spent everything that was from herself to pay for her treatments”
|
||||
5:26 k9yj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom τὰ παρ’ ἑαυτῆς πάντα 1 Here, the phrase **everything {that was} from herself** refers to all the money and belongings that the woman had. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “everything that she had” or “all her money and possessions”
|
||||
5:26 ewnx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom εἰς τὸ χεῖρον ἐλθοῦσα 1 Here, the phrase **having come to the worse** means that the woman’s situation was getting **worse**. In other words, she was becoming more sick. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “getting worse” or “worsening”
|
||||
5:27-28 lhrl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge ἀκούσασα τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ἐλθοῦσα ἐν τῷ ὄχλῳ ὄπισθεν, ἥψατο τοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ & ἔλεγεν γὰρ, ὅτι ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κἂν τῶν ἱματίων αὐτοῦ, σωθήσομαι 1 If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine [5:27](../05/27.md) and [5:28](../05/28.md) into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to include what the woman is thinking before she acts based on what she is thinking. Alternate translation: “heard the things about Jesus. She was saying, ‘If I touch just his clothes, I will be saved.’ So, having come up behind him in the crowd, she touched his cloak.”
|
||||
5:27 z2hg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 Here Mark implies that the woman heard **the things** that Jesus had done to heal people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “that Jesus had healed people”
|
||||
5:27 qitt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐλθοῦσα 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “gone” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “having gone up”
|
||||
5:27 lfzg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-extrainfo ἥψατο τοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ 1 Here Mark does not explain why she touched the edge of his cloak. Since Mark does explain it in the next verse, you should not explain its meaning here.
|
||||
5:28 alc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a reason why the woman touched Jesus’ clothes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a reason for an action, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Here is why she did that:” or “She did that because”
|
||||
5:28 ru14 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations ἔλεγεν & ὅτι ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κἂν τῶν ἱματίων αὐτοῦ, σωθήσομαι 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “she was saying that if she could touch just his clothes, she would be saved”
|
||||
5:28 ob1p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἔλεγεν 1 Here Mark implies that the woman was **saying** these things to herself or that she was thinking these things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “she was saying to herself” or “she was thinking”
|
||||
5:28 krs2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἅψωμαι κἂν 1 Here, the word **just** indicates that the woman thinks that, to be healed, she does not need to do anything more than **touch** Jesus’ clothes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “all I do is touch” or “I can just touch”
|
||||
5:28 wge2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive σωθήσομαι 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, you could indicate that is God or Jesus himself. Alternate translation: “God will save me” or “he will save me”
|
||||
5:29 ku4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐξηράνθη 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “dried up” or “ceased”
|
||||
5:29 c1vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἴαται ἀπὸ τῆς μάστιγος 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who does the action, you could indicate that is God or Jesus himself. Alternate translation: “God had healed her from the disease” or “Jesus had healed her from the disease”
|
||||
5:29 fszt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀπὸ τῆς μάστιγος 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **affliction**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “from how she was afflicted”
|
||||
5:30 zk5x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐπιγνοὺς ἐν ἑαυτῷ 1 Here Mark means that Jesus **realized** that power had gone out from him because of something inside him, not because he saw or felt what the woman had done. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “having sensed” or “having felt inside”
|
||||
5:30 ma2b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν 1 When the woman touched Jesus, Jesus felt **the power** going out from him to heal her. However, this does not mean that Jesus no longer had that **power**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the power from him effecting somebody else” or “the power from him healing someone”
|
||||
5:30 m1si rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **power**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “that something powerful had happened because of him” or “that how powerful he was had accomplished something”
|
||||
5:31 pgpc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit βλέπεις τὸν ὄχλον συνθλίβοντά σε 1 By saying this, the disciples were implying that anyone could have touched Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “You see the crowd pressing around you, so any one of them might have touched you”
|
||||
5:31 t31q καὶ λέγεις, τίς μου ἥψατο? 1 Here, the disciples could be: (1) making a statement that quotes Jesus’ question. Alternate translation: “and you are asking, ‘Who touched me?’” (2) asking a rhetorical question that implies that Jesus’ question is unreasonable. Alternate translation: “so why do you say, ‘Who touched me?’”
|
||||
5:31 qfp2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ 2 Here, the word **and** introduces what Jesus asked in contrast to the situation that he was in. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “but” or “yet”
|
||||
5:31 cxmk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes λέγεις, τίς μου ἥψατο 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “you ask who touched you.”
|
||||
5:31 l40w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony λέγεις 1 Here the disciples repeat what Jesus said to show that they think this is an unreasonable or silly question. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you still say” or “for some reason you say”
|
||||
5:32 ts64 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases καὶ 1 Here, the word **And** introduces what Jesus did in contrast to what the disciples suggested he do. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces this kind of contrast. Alternate translation: “But” or “Despite that,”
|
||||
5:32 x9gw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns τοῦτο ποιήσασαν 1 The pronoun **this** refers to touching Jesus’ clothing. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to this action more directly. Alternate translation: “having touched his robe” or “having done the touching”
|
||||
5:33 e8xt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result φοβηθεῖσα καὶ τρέμουσα, εἰδυῖα ὃ γέγονεν αὐτῇ, ἦλθεν 1 Here, the phrase **having known what had happened to her** gives a reason for why the woman behaved as she did. It could most specifically give the reason for why: (1) she **came** to Jesus. Alternate translation: “having become afraid and trembling, came because she knew what had happened to her” (2) she was **afraid** and **trembling**. Alternate translation: “having become afraid and trembling because she knew what had happened to her, came”
|
||||
5:33 r3a0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys φοβηθεῖσα καὶ τρέμουσα 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two terms connected with **and**. The word **trembling** tells how the woman physically experienced being **afraid**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use **and**. Alternate translation: “trembling with fear” or “trembling fearfully”
|
||||
5:33 uefx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἦλθεν 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “went”
|
||||
5:33 fxxf rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction προσέπεσεν αὐτῷ 1 In the Jesus’ culture, falling down before a person was a way to honor a greater person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to a similar action from your culture, or you could explain what falling down means. Alternate translation: “prostrated herself before him” or “bowed down to him in respect”
|
||||
5:33 b6kz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns εἶπεν αὐτῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **truth**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “truthfully told him everything”
|
||||
5:33 b39m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πᾶσαν τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 Here Mark implies that the woman told **the whole truth** about what she had done and what happened to her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the whole truth about what she had done” or “the whole truth about the events that had just occurred”
|
||||
5:34 k971 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases δὲ 1 Here, the word **But** introduces the next thing that happened. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **But** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Then”
|
||||
5:34 gbk8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor θυγάτηρ 1 Here Jesus calls the woman **Daughter** to indicate that he cares for her. The word also implies that the woman was younger than Jesus. The woman was not actually Jesus’ daughter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a form of address that an older person would use to show that they care for a younger person. Alternate translation: “My friend” or “Dear woman”
|
||||
5:34 unp0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faith**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “you believed, and that has caused you to be saved”
|
||||
5:34 sbvm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 Jesus speaks of the woman’s **faith** as if it had actively **saved** her. He means that her faith was the necessary condition for the healing that she received from God. Alternate translation: “because of your faith, you have been saved”
|
||||
5:34 lfh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ὕπαγε εἰς εἰρήνην 1 This is a way of saying goodbye and giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: “May God give you peace as you go” or “As you go, do not worry anymore,”
|
||||
5:34 h342 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns εἰς εἰρήνην 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “peacefully”
|
||||
5:34 d8uz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἴσθι ὑγιὴς ἀπὸ τῆς μάστιγός σου 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no longer have your affliction” or “be healthy, without your affliction”
|
||||
5:34 sgvs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἀπὸ τῆς μάστιγός σου 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **affliction**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “from how you were afflicted”
|
||||
5:35 n9nm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος 1 Here Mark implies that Jesus was **still** saying what Mark recorded in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “He still saying those things” or “He still speaking to the woman”
|
||||
5:35 gyx6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἔρχονται 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “go” instead of **come**. Alternate translation: “they go”
|
||||
5:35 ahf8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense ἔρχονται 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “they came”
|
||||
5:35 cxr4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns ἔρχονται 1 The pronoun **they** refers to people who were at Jairus’ house. If this is not clear for your readers, you could refer to them more directly. Alternate translation: “people come”
|
||||
5:35 sau6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀρχισυναγώγου 1 Here, **the synagogue ruler** represents the house of the synagogue ruler. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from the synagogue ruler’s home”
|
||||
5:35 iftj rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγοντες 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and they said”
|
||||
5:35 t2wd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί ἔτι σκύλλεις τὸν διδάσκαλον? 1 The people from Jairus’ house are using the question form to suggest how Jairus should behave. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “There is no need to bother the teacher further.” or “It is useless to bother the teacher further!”
|
||||
5:35 vqt0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τί ἔτι σκύλλεις τὸν διδάσκαλον? 1 This question implies that Jesus will not be able to do anything to help, since the girl is dead. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Since there is nothing more that Jesus can do for you, why make him come to your house”
|
||||
5:36 r1jw παρακούσας 1 Here, the word translated **having overheard** could mean that Jesus: (1) listened in on the conversation between the messengers and Jairus. Alternate translation: “having listened in on” (2) ignored what the messengers told Jairus. Alternate translation: “having ignored” or “having disregarded”
|
||||
5:36 edb0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy τὸν λόγον λαλούμενον 1 Here, **word** represents what the messengers said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what they spoke” or “the news they brought”
|
||||
5:36 wuej rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive λαλούμενον 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was the people who came from Jairus’ house. Alternate translation: “that those people spoke”
|
||||
5:36 p60b rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “said”
|
||||
5:36 q8at rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit πίστευε 1 Here Jesus implies that Jairus, the **synagogue ruler**, should **believe** in Jesus, specifically that Jesus can help his daughter. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “believe in me” or “believe that I can save your daughter”
|
||||
5:37 g616 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions οὐκ ἀφῆκεν οὐδένα μετ’ αὐτοῦ συνακολουθῆσαι, εἰ μὴ τὸν Πέτρον, καὶ Ἰάκωβον, καὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν Ἰακώβου 1 If, in your language, it would appear that Mark was making a statement here and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “he allowed only Peter and James and John the brother of James to accompany him”
|
||||
5:37 kk98 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit αὐτοῦ 1 Here Mark implies that Jairus, the synagogue ruler, went with Jesus as well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “him and the synagogue ruler” or “him and Jairus”
|
||||
5:37 pshl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship τὸν ἀδελφὸν Ἰακώβου 1 Mark never says whether **James** or **John** was older, but he mentions **James** first, which could imply that he was the older brother. If you have to use a form that refers to an older or younger brother, you could state that **John** was younger. See how you expressed the idea in [1:19](../01/19.md). Alternate translation: “the younger brother of James”
|
||||
5:38 nyix rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense ἔρχονται & θεωρεῖ 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he came … he saw”
|
||||
5:38 nb2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἔρχονται 1 Here Mark implies that Peter, James, John, and Jairus were traveling with Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “they come” or “Jesus, Jairus, and the three disciples come”
|
||||
5:38 pcgi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἔρχονται 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “goes” instead of **comes**. Alternate translation: “he goes”
|
||||
5:38 flu7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys θόρυβον, καὶ κλαίοντας καὶ ἀλαλάζοντας πολλά 1 This phrase expresses a single idea by using two terms connected with **and**. The phrase **weeping and much wailing** explains what actions created the **commotion**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning with an equivalent phrase that does not use **and**. Alternate translation: “a commotion, including weeping and much wailing” or “a commotion caused by weeping and much wailing”
|
||||
5:38 u8ze rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet κλαίοντας καὶ ἀλαλάζοντας πολλά 1 The terms **weeping** and **much wailing** mean similar things. Mark is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “very much mourning” or “a great deal of weeping”
|
||||
5:39 y5kg rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “said”
|
||||
5:39 atr1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result τί θορυβεῖσθε καὶ κλαίετε? τὸ παιδίον οὐκ ἀπέθανεν, ἀλλὰ καθεύδει 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these sentences, since the second sentence gives the reason for the result that the first sentence describes. Alternate translation: “The child did not die but is sleeping. So, why are you being disturbed and weeping?”
|
||||
5:39 a3ih rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion τί θορυβεῖσθε καὶ κλαίετε? 1 Jesus is using the question form to rebuke the people who were at the house. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “Stop being disturbed and weeping.” or “This is not a time to be disturbed and weeping!”
|
||||
5:39 p5ah rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive θορυβεῖσθε 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “are you making a commotion” or “are you being noisy”
|
||||
5:39 t35h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular θορυβεῖσθε 1 Because Jesus is speaking to many people in the house, the word **you** is plural.
|
||||
5:39 dzrk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὸ παιδίον 1 Here, the word **child** refers to a very young woman. Mark clarifies in [5:42](../05/42.md) that she was about 12 years old. Use a word or phrase in your language that refers to a girl who is about this age. Alternate translation: “The young girl”\n
|
||||
5:40 w0f0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense παραλαμβάνει & εἰσπορεύεται 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “took along … he entered”
|
||||
5:40 g8k1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τοὺς μετ’ αὐτοῦ 1 Here Mark is referring to the three disciples (Peter, James, and John) whom Jesus took with him (see [5:37](../05/37.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “the three disciples”
|
||||
5:41 kkqw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense λέγει 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he said”
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5:41 hx3c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate ταλιθὰ, κοῦμ! ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον τὸ κοράσιον, σοὶ λέγω ἔγειρε! 1 The phrase **Talitha, koum** is an Aramaic phrase. Mark spelled it out using Greek letters so his readers would know how it sounded, and then he explained what it meant: **Little girl, I say to you, arise**. In your translation you can spell it the way it sounds in your language and then explain its meaning. Alternate translation: “‘Talitha, koum!’ which is Aramaic for, ‘Little girl, I say to you, arise.’”
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5:41 igcw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which we translate as,”
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5:41 p3rp σοὶ λέγω 1 Jesus says this to emphasize what he is about to tell the **child**. Use a natural form in your language for emphasizing the importance of a statement. Alternate translation: “listen to this:”
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5:42 lfi6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure καὶ εὐθὺς ἀνέστη τὸ κοράσιον καὶ περιεπάτει, ἦν γὰρ ἐτῶν δώδεκα & καὶ ἐξέστησαν εὐθὺς ἐκστάσει μεγάλῃ 1 In this verse, Mark introduces some extra information about the **little girl**: **she was 12 years** old. Consider where you might include this information and how you might introduce it. Alternate translation: “And immediately the little girl, who was 12 years, rose up and was walking, and they were immediately astonished with great amazement” or “And immediately the little girl rose up and was walking, and they were immediately astonished with great amazement. Now the little girl was 12 years.”
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5:42 edfv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἀνέστη 1 Here, the phrase **rose up** indicates both that the girl came back to life and that she stood up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make this idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “came back to life and got up”
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5:42 j8lq rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases γὰρ 1 Here, the word **for** introduces an explanation that indicates that the **little girl** was old enough to walk. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces an explanation, or you could leave **for** untranslated. Alternate translation: “she was able to walk because” or “as a matter of act,”
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5:42 pt5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἦν & ἐτῶν δώδεκα 1 Here Mark means that the **little girl** was **12 years** old. Use whatever form your language commonly uses to indicate how old someone is. Alternate translation: “she had lived 12 years” or “she was 12 years of age”
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5:42 m49c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐξέστησαν εὐθὺς 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they immediately marveled”
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5:42 p1dy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἐξέστησαν εὐθὺς ἐκστάσει μεγάλῃ 1 Here, the phrase **astonished with great amazement** means that they were extremely astonished. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they were immediately extremely astonished” or “they were immediately totally amazed”
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5:42 atv7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἐκστάσει μεγάλῃ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **amazement**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and greatly amazed”
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5:43 po7s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations αὐτοῖς & ἵνα μηδεὶς γνοῖ τοῦτο 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “them, ‘No one must know about this’”
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5:43 wcr2 μηδεὶς γνοῖ τοῦτο 1 Alternate translation: “they should let no one know about this”
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5:43 n29k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations εἶπεν δοθῆναι αὐτῇ φαγεῖν 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “he said, ‘Something should be given to her to eat’”
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5:43 j8ro rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive δοθῆναι αὐτῇ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who would do the action, it is clear from the context that would be the girl’s parents. Alternate translation: “her parents should give her something”
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6:intro kl7n 0 # Mark 6 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### “Anointed with oil”\n\nIn the ancient Near East, people would try to heal sick people by putting olive oil on them.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in this Chapter\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### Singular and plural forms of “you”\n\nMany of the forms of “you” in this chapter appear when Jesus is talking to his disciples. Because of this, most forms of “you” in this chapter are plural. You should assume forms of “you” are plural unless a note specifies that the form is singular. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular]])\n\n### The historic present\n\nTo call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. In this chapter, the historic present occurs in verses 1, 7, 30, 31, 37, 38, 45, 48, 49 and 55. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
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6:1 mi7z rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent καὶ 1 Here, the word **And** introduces the next major event in the story. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces the next event, or you could leave **And** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Later,” or “Then”
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6:1 lpci rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go ἐξῆλθεν & ἔρχεται 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of **went** or “goes” instead of **comes**. Alternate translation: “he came out … goes”
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6:1 jcu8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ἐκεῖθεν 1 Here, the word **there** refers to the house of Jairus, the synagogue ruler. His house was in the town of Capernaum. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “from Jairus’ house” or “from Capernaum”
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6:1 vf56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ 1 Here, the phrase **his hometown** refers to the town of Nazareth, where Jesus grew up. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “his hometown, Nazareth”
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6:1 t7mm rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-tense ἀκολουθοῦσιν 1 To call attention to a development in the story, Mark uses the present tense in past narration. If it would not be natural to do that in your language, you could use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “were following”
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6:2 qu8w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive οἱ πολλοὶ ἀκούοντες ἐξεπλήσσοντο λέγοντες 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that it was Jesus and what he said and did. Alternate translation: “he astonished many of the ones hearing him, who were saying” or “what he said astonished many of the ones hearing him, who were saying”
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6:2 uf10 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit οἱ πολλοὶ ἀκούοντες 1 Here, the phrase translated **the many ones hearing him** could refer to: (1) the **many** people who were **hearing him**. In this case, all of the **many** people were astonished. Alternate translation: “all the many people hearing him” (2) **many** of the people who were **hearing him**. In this case, not all of the people were astonished. Alternate translation: “many of the ones hearing him”
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6:2 xeh7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations λέγοντες 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and they said”
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6:2 bpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion πόθεν τούτῳ ταῦτα, καὶ τίς ἡ σοφία ἡ δοθεῖσα τούτῳ, καὶ αἱ δυνάμεις τοιαῦται διὰ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ γινόμεναι? 1 The people in Jesus’ hometown are using the question form to express their surprise that Jesus has **wisdom** and can do **miracles**. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “We are surprised to see this one doing these things, and we are surprised that this one has been given the wisdom and such miracles happening by his hands.” or “We have no idea where these things that this one does are from, and we do not know what the wisdom that has been given to this one is, and such miracles happening by his hands!”
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6:2 s2jg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom πόθεν τούτῳ ταῦτα 1 Here, the phrase **From where to this one {are} these things** asks about the source from which **this one**, Jesus, was able to do **these things**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “What is the source of these things for this one” or “How is this one able to do these things”
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6:2 cpf0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns τίς ἡ σοφία ἡ δοθεῖσα τούτῳ, καὶ αἱ δυνάμεις τοιαῦται 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wisdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “how is he as wise as he has been enabled to be, and what are these miracles”
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6:2 y4xj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἡ δοθεῖσα τούτῳ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “that someone has given to this one”
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6:2 insz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche διὰ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ 1 These people are using **hands** to represent Jesus acting powerfully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by him” or “through his actions”
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6:3 s3wl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ τέκτων, ὁ υἱὸς τῆς Μαρίας, καὶ ἀδελφὸς Ἰακώβου, καὶ Ἰωσῆτος, καὶ Ἰούδα, καὶ Σίμωνος? καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν αἱ ἀδελφαὶ αὐτοῦ ὧδε πρὸς ἡμᾶς? 1 The people are using the question form to show that they know Jesus and his family. They mean that Jesus is just an ordinary person. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate these questions as statements or exclamations. Alternate translation: “He is only a carpenter, the son of Mary and a brother of James, Joseph, Judas, and Simon. His sisters are here with us.” or “He is only a carpenter! He is the son of Mary a brother of James and Joseph and Judas and Simon! His sisters are right here with us!”
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6:3 no4r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown ὁ τέκτων 1 The word **carpenter** refers to someone who builds things with wood. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of worker, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “the man who builds with wood” or “the construction worker”
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6:3 i9qi rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship ἀδελφὸς 1 Jesus was the older **brother** of these men. They were sons of Mary and Joseph. Since the Father of Jesus was God, and their father was Joseph, Jesus was actually their half-brother. That detail is not normally translated, but if your language has a specific word for “older brother,” you could use it here.
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6:3 tlub rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Ἰωσῆτος & Ἰούδα & Σίμωνος 1 The words **Joses**, **Judas**, and **Simon** are the names of men.
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6:3 cxgx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship αἱ ἀδελφαὶ αὐτοῦ 1 These were Jesus' younger **sisters**. They were daughteres of Mary and Joseph. Since the Father of Jesus was God, and their father was Joseph, they were actually his half-sisters. That detail is not normally translated, but if your language has a specific word for “younger sister,” you could use it here.
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6:3 d2g7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ἐσκανδαλίζοντο ἐν αὐτῷ 1 Here Mark speaks as if Jesus were a lump or rock that the people in Jesus’ hometown were stumbling on. He means that these people were offended by him and rejected him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they were offended by him” or “they did not listen to him”
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6:3 m412 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ἐσκανδαλίζοντο ἐν αὐτῷ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they were stumbling on him”
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6:4 b42w rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions οὐκ ἔστιν προφήτης ἄτιμος, εἰ μὴ 1 If, in your language, it would appear that Jesus was making a statement here and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “A prophet is only without honor”
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6:4 l436 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives οὐκ ἔστιν & ἄτιμος 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative preposition **without**. Alternate translation: “has honor” or “is always honored”\n
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6:4 yg9c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ἄτιμος 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **honor**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “dishonored” or “treated dishonorably”
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6:4 y2oa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τοῖς συγγενεῦσιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Here Jesus uses three terms that refer to people who know the **prophet** well. The list starts with the broadest category (**hometown**) and ends with the most specific category (**his house**). If you have three terms that refer to different groups of people who know a person, you could use them here. Alternatively, if it would be clearer for your readers, you could use one or two terms. Alternate translation: “except among his relatives” or “in his hometown and among his family”
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6:4 mgbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 Jesus uses the phrase **in his house** to refer to his closest relatives, like his father, mother, or siblings. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “among his closest family members” or “among his father, mother, or siblings”
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6:7 d6sx rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers δύο δύο 1 Alternate translation: “2 by 2” or “in pairs”
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6:7 ldbv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj τοὺς δώδεκα 1 See how you translated the phrase **the Twelve** in [3:15](../03/15.md).
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6:8 k5hl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions μηδὲν αἴρωσιν εἰς ὁδὸν, εἰ μὴ ῥάβδον μόνον 1 If, in your language, it would appear that Jesus was making a statement here and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. Alternate translation: “they should only bring a staff on the road”
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@ -752,16 +899,21 @@ front:intro r2f2 0 # Introduction to the Gospel of Mark\n\n## Part 1: General
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6:17 ojtd rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background γὰρ 1 Mark is providing this background information to help readers understand why Herod was saying that John rose from the dead. Use a natural way in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “He was saying this because”
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6:17 sf6r rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names τὴν γυναῖκα Φιλίππου, τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ 1 The word **Philip** is the name of a man. This is not the same Philip who was an evangelist in the book of Acts or the Philip who was one of Jesus’ twelve disciples.
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6:18 e2ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ἔλεγεν γὰρ ὁ Ἰωάννης τῷ Ἡρῴδῃ, ὅτι οὐκ ἔξεστίν σοι ἔχειν τὴν γυναῖκα τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου 1 Herod put John into prison because he was saying **It is not lawful for you to have the wife of your brother**. Make sure this is clear in your language. Alternate translation: “Herod told his soldiers to arrest John because he was saying, ‘God’s law does not allow you to marry the wife of your brother’”
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6:18 vl4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular σοι & σου 1 Because John is speaking to Herod, the words **you** and **your** are singular.
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6:19 x35v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ἤθελεν αὐτὸν ἀποκτεῖναι 1 **Herodias** did not plan to personally kill John, but she wanted someone else to execute John for her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this in plain language. Alternate translation: “wanted someone to kill him”
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6:20 k13z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet εἰδὼς αὐτὸν ἄνδρα δίκαιον καὶ ἅγιον 1 The word **righteous** and the word **holy** mean basically the same thing. The repetition is used to emphasize that John was a very righteous man. If your language does not use repetition to do this, you can use one phrase and provide emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “because he knew that he was a very righteous man”
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6:21 m54q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Ἡρῴδης τοῖς γενεσίοις αὐτοῦ δεῖπνον ἐποίησεν, τοῖς μεγιστᾶσιν αὐτοῦ 1 Here, the name **Herod** actually means his servants, whom Herod would have commanded to prepare the meal. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state it explicitly. Alternate translation: “Herod had his servants prepare a dinner for his officials”
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6:22 a1d7 εἰσελθούσης τῆς θυγατρὸς αὐτοῦ Ἡρῳδιάδος 1 We know from verse 17 that Herod married **Herodias** after she divorced his brother. Herodias’ daughter, who danced for Herod, was Herod’s niece and step-daughter. There are a few possible reasons why Mark refers to her as **his daughter Herodias**. Mark could: (1) be referring to Herod’s daughter-in-law as if she were Herod’s daughter’s to emphasize how close they were. Alternate translation: “And his daughter by Herodias” (2) be speaking about the daughter by using the name of her better-known mother, Herodias.
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6:22 jmdl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular αἴτησόν & θέλῃς & σοι 1 Because Herod is speaking to the girl, the command **Ask** and the word **you** throughout this verse are singular.
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6:23 er6j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular αἰτήσῃς & σοι 1 Because Herod is speaking to the girl, the word **you** is singular throughout this verse.
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6:25 caz0 εὐθὺς & μετὰ σπουδῆς & ἐξαυτῆς 1 The words **immediately**, **with haste**, and **at once** all communicate a sense of urgency. Make sure to communicate this urgency in your language.
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6:25 ap2w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit δῷς μοι 1 The implication is that the daughter of Herodias wants King Herod to have someone cut off John the Baptizer’s head and then give it to her. You can include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “you cut off John’s head and bring it to me”
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6:25 h3x7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular δῷς 1 Because the girl is speaking to Herod, the word **you** is singular.
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6:26 c1gn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit διὰ τοὺς ὅρκους καὶ τοὺς συνανακειμένους 1 If it would be helpful in your language, you could state clearly the content of the **oaths**, and the relationship between the **oaths** and the dinner guests. Alternate translation: “because his dinner guests had heard him make the oaths that he would give her anything she asked for”
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6:34 j1td rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile ἦσαν ὡς πρόβατα μὴ ἔχοντα ποιμένα 1 Jesus compares the people to **sheep**, which are confused and vulnerable when they do not have their **shepherd** to lead them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or use plain language. Alternate translation: “they were confused when they did not have someone to lead them”
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6:35 sei9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ἤδη ὥρας πολλῆς γενομένης 1 This phrase means it was the day was nearly ended. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “near the end of the day” or “toward evening”
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6:35 hz4h ἔρημός ἐστιν ὁ τόπος 1 The phrase **This place is desolate** means that there were no people or very few people in that place. See how you translated the similar phrase in [Mark 6:31](../06/31.md).
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6:36 zrnd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular ἀπόλυσον αὐτούς 1 Because the disciples are speaking to Jesus, the command **Send them away** is singular.
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6:37 cts5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion ἀπελθόντες, ἀγοράσωμεν δηναρίων διακοσίων ἄρτους, καὶ δώσομεν αὐτοῖς φαγεῖν? 1 The disciples ask this question to say that there is no way they could afford to buy enough food for this crowd. If you would not use a rhetorical question for this purpose in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or an exclamation and communicate the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “We could not buy enough bread to feed this crowd even if we had two hundred denarii!”
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6:37 wowk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo ἀπελθόντες, ἀγοράσωμεν δηναρίων διακοσίων ἄρτους, καὶ δώσομεν αὐτοῖς φαγεῖν 1 The disciples are using a hypothetical situation to express how expensive it would be to buy enough food for all of the people. Use the natural form in your language for expressing a hypothetical situation. Alternate translation: “Suppose we had 200 denarii. Even that amount of money would not be sufficient to buy enough food from the market to feed all of these people” or “Suppose we go out to the market, how could we afford to spend 200 denarii on food to feed all of these people”
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6:37 hs21 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney δηναρίων διακοσίων 1 The singular form of the word **denarii** is “denarius.” A denarius was a Roman silver coin worth one day’s wages for a laborer. Alternate translation: “200 days’ wages worth”
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