Merge deferredreward-tc-create-1 into master by deferredreward (#3462)

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Benjamin Wright 2023-08-18 18:19:23 +00:00
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@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
5:11 jnt7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֹהֲבֵ֥י שְׁמֶֽ⁠ךָ 1 Yahwehs name represents his reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “lovers of your good reputation”
5:12 t1zz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כַּ֝⁠צִּנָּ֗ה רָצ֥וֹן תַּעְטְרֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 Yahwehs favor is spoken of as if it were a shield. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “you will favor them and protect them as a soldier protects himself with his shield” or “because you are kind to them, you will protect them”
5:12 g6la תַּעְטְרֶֽ⁠נּוּ 1 Alternate translation: “you crown him”
6:intro gpl3 0 # Psalm 6 General Notes\n\n## Outline:\n\n- Superscription\n- verses 15 Plea\n- verses 67 Death\n- verses 810 Answer\n\nThe Psalm divides neatly in half between verses 5 & 6 with 34 words in each. The first half divides in two parts, verses 12 & verses 45, which parallel each other in structure and content. \n\n## About the Psalm\n\n**Purpose:** to plead for mercy and healing\n\n**Content:** Yahweh have mercy and heal me, because I am near death, and no one can praise you in death.\n\n**Message:** Yahwehs loyalty to David is stronger than sin and death ([Psalm 30:6](../30/06.md).)\n\n## Poetic Elements (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]):\n\n- The first section (verses 13) and the last section (verses 810) are parallel. Not only are they the same length (3 verses, 6 lines), but they are also similar in content and sounds. Structurally, the first section and the last section stand in symmetrical relationship to one another. The parallels help to define the structure of the Psalm.\n- The effect of the repetition in the last section is to highlight the complete resolution and reversal of the situation. Davids prayer has been heard, his question of **how long?** has been answered ("in an instant!"), and the deep dismay that he experienced is now imparted to his enemies on whom Yahwehs punishment rightfully falls.\n\n\n- The second section (verses 67) stands out in a number of ways, including figurative language, line structure, use of rare words, alliteration, delay of information, word repetition, and use of similar sounding words. The effect is to draw attention to this section of the poem, wherein David, on the brink of death, reaches to the heights of poetic/rhetorical technique in order to express the depths of his suffering in a last-ditch effort to persuade Yahweh to rescue him.\n\n- Yahwehs name appears eight times throughout the psalm, but it is conspicuously absent from the second section (verses 67), which follows the Psalmist's statement that "there is no commemoration of Yahweh in the world of the dead" (verse 5a). \n**CHECK ULT**\n In verses 67, it is as though David has descended into the world of the dead, the place where Yahweh is neither named or praised. It is a place of darkness (**night**) and associated with watery chaos (**tears/float/dissolve**). **CHECK ULT** In the last section (verses 810), David regains energy, confidence, and authority, and he proclaims Yahwehs name three times, as though he has come back from the dead.\n\n- Almost every verse in this psalm displays parallelism. Verse 2 and the first line of verse 3 are a three-part parallel while the last line of verse 3 and the first line of verse 4 seem to be the only lines not in a parallelism construction. While all these phrases mean basically the same thing with the second emphasizing the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words, Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]].)\n\n### CCBYSA\n\n\nSignificant portions of the ULT, UST, and TNs for this psalm are derivative from [“Psalms, Layer by Layer”](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Welcome), [Psalm 6](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Psalm_6) by Cambridge Digital Bible Research, Katie Frost, Meaghan Smith, Nikki Mustin et al, used under [CC BY](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)\n
6:intro gpl3 0 # Psalm 6 General Notes\n\n## Outline:\n\n- Superscription\n- verses 15 Plea\n- verses 67 Death\n- verses 810 Answer\n\nThe Psalm divides neatly in half between verses 5 & 6 with 34 words in each. The first half divides in two parts, verses 12 & verses 45, which parallel each other in structure and content. \n\n## About the Psalm\n\n**Purpose:** to plead for mercy and healing\n\n**Content:** Yahweh have mercy and heal me, because I am near death, and no one can praise you in death.\n\n**Message:** Yahwehs loyalty to David is stronger than sin and death ([Psalm 30:6](../30/06.md).)\n\n## Poetic Elements (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]):\n\n- The first section (verses 13) and the last section (verses 810) are parallel. Not only are they the same length (3 verses, 6 lines), but they are also similar in content and sounds. Structurally, the first section and the last section stand in symmetrical relationship to one another. The parallels help to define the structure of the Psalm.\n- The effect of the repetition in the last section is to highlight the complete resolution and reversal of the situation. Davids prayer has been heard, his question of **how long?** has been answered ("in an instant!"), and the deep dismay that he experienced is now imparted to his enemies on whom Yahwehs punishment rightfully falls.\n\n\n- The second section (verses 67) stands out in a number of ways, including figurative language, line structure, use of rare words, alliteration, delay of information, word repetition, and use of similar sounding words. The effect is to draw attention to this section of the poem, wherein David, on the brink of death, reaches to the heights of poetic/rhetorical technique in order to express the depths of his suffering in a last-ditch effort to persuade Yahweh to rescue him.\n\n- Yahwehs name appears eight times throughout the psalm, but it is conspicuously absent from the second section (verses 67), which follows the Psalmist's statement that “in death, there is no remembrance of you” (verse 5a). \n\n In verses 67, it is as though David has descended into the world of the dead, the place where Yahweh is neither named or praised. It is a place of darkness (**night**) and associated with watery chaos (**tears/swim/melt**). In the last section (verses 810), David regains energy, confidence, and authority, and he proclaims Yahwehs name three times, as though he has come back from the dead.\n\n- Almost every verse in this psalm displays parallelism. Verse 2 and the first line of verse 3 are a three-part parallel while the last line of verse 3 and the first line of verse 4 seem to be the only lines not in a parallelism construction. While all these phrases mean basically the same thing with the second emphasizing the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words, Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]].)\n\n### CCBYSA\n\nSignificant portions of the ULT, UST, and TNs for this psalm are derivative from [“Psalms, Layer by Layer”](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Welcome), [Psalm 6](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Psalm_6) by Cambridge Digital Bible Research, Katie Frost, Meaghan Smith, Nikki Mustin et al, used under [CC BY](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)\n
6:front p2j3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown עַֽל־הַ⁠שְּׁמִינִ֗ית 1 The meaning of the word translated as **eighth** is unknown. It may refer to (1) a style of music, (2) a style of instrument. Alternate translation: “set to the Sheminith style”
6:1 xhs5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism אַל־בְּ⁠אַפְּ⁠ךָ֥ תוֹכִיחֵ֑⁠נִי וְֽ⁠אַל־בַּ⁠חֲמָתְ⁠ךָ֥ תְיַסְּרֵֽ⁠נִי 1 These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second emphasizes the meaning of the first by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the second phrase is repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “do not rebuke or discipline me when you are angry”
6:1 klpg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠אַפְּ⁠ךָ֥ 1 Here, the **nose** represents anger. If you have a body part in your culture that is associated with being angry you could use that here. Alternate translation: “in your anger”
@ -156,31 +156,49 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
6:89 mlg2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְ֝הוָ֗ה & יְ֭הוָה & יְ֝הוָ֗ה 1 **Yahweh** is mentioned three times in these verses to focus the audience on who has changed the authors circumstances. However, if repeating a name like this in your culture would not create a similar focus effect you could substitute some with pronouns as in the UST.
6:9 j23z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תְּחִנָּתִ֑⁠י 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **mercy**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “my appeal for him to be merciful”
6:9 dq36 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְ֝הוָ֗ה תְּֽפִלָּתִ֥⁠י יִקָּֽח 1 Being willing to do what the author prayed for is spoken of as if his **prayer** was something that **Yahweh accepts** from him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will respond to my prayer”
7:intro zey1 0 # Psalm 07 General Notes\n\n## Type of psalm\n\nPsalm 7 is a deliverance psalm. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/other/deliverer]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahwehs protection\n\nThe author had not wronged anyone, yet his enemy was trying to attack him. But he knew that God would protect him.\n\n### Cush the Benjamite\n\nNote the superscription and the specific circumstances. There is no other reference to this incident in the Scriptures. But there are references to David being opposed by those of the tribe of Benjamin during the time he was serving King Saul.
7:1 wzv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nParallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
7:1 v239 A musical composition of David 0 Alternate translation: “This is a song that David wrote”
7:1 huv1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor take refuge in you! 0 Going to Yahweh for protection is spoken of as taking refuge in him. Alternate translation: “go to you for protection!”
7:2 rzk1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile they will rip me apart like a lion, tearing me in pieces 0 David speaks of his enemies attacking him as if they would rip his body apart and tear it in pieces as a lion would. Alternate translation: “they will violently kill me like a lion ripping apart its victims body and tearing it in pieces” or “they will violently kill me”
7:2 x9fh with no one else able to bring me to safety 0 Alternate translation: “and no one else will be able to save me”
7:5 ej18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy my life 0 The life represents the person. Alternate translation: “me”
7:5 us9e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy overtake me 0 This represents capturing him. Alternate translation: “capture me”
7:5 txr8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let him trample my life to the ground 0 Here “my life” represents the writer. Alternate translation: “allow him to destroy me”
7:5 hav6 lay my honor in the dust 0 This refers to lying dead and unburied in disgrace.
7:6 phd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Arise, Yahweh, in your anger 0 Arising represents doing something or taking action. Alternate translation: “Do something in your anger” or “Be angry at my enemies and take action:
7:6 a9lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy stand up against the rage of my enemies 0 Fighting against people is spoken of as standing up against them. Alternate translation: “fight against the rage of my enemies” or “attack my enemies who rage against me”
7:6 q1qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the rage of my enemies 0 Their rage represents their attacks. Alternate translation: “the attacks of my enemies” or “my enemies who attack me”
7:6 x2us rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor wake up 0 Waking up represents starting to do something or take action. Alternate translation: “Take action” or “Do something”
7:6 sml1 for my sake 0 Alternate translation: “for me” or “to help me”
7:7 pk8y rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche The countries are assembled 0 Here the word “countries” represents all of the armies that have gathered to attack.
7:7 rb6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor take once more your rightful place over them 0 Ruling people is spoken of as being over them. Yahwehs rightful place refers either to heaven or to ruling in general. Alternate translation: “Rule over them from heaven” or “Rule over them”
7:8 e8kb vindicate me 0 Alternate translation: “show them that I am not guilty”
7:9 pw1n establish the righteous people 0 Alternate translation: “make the righteous people strong” or “make the righteous people prosper”
7:9 zql9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you who examine hearts and minds 0 The hearts and minds represent peoples desires and thoughts. Alternate translation: “you who know our inner thoughts”
7:10 c7u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor My shield comes from God 0 The word “shield” represents Gods protection.
7:11 j5zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit a God who is indignant each day 0 Who God is angry with can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “a God who is angry with the wicked every day”
7:12 y4zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor God will sharpen his sword and will prepare his bow for battle 0 In verses 12 and 13, David speaks of God deciding to punish the wicked as if God were a warrior preparing to fight against them with weapons. Alternate translation: “God will take action against him like a warrior who sharpens his sword and prepares his bow for battle”
7:14 l54a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor one who is pregnant with wickedness & conceives destructive plans & gives birth to harmful lies 0 David speaks of the things that a wicked person does as if the person were pregnant and wickedness was the baby. Alternate translation: “the wicked person. He makes plans to destroy people and produces harmful lies”
7:16 p524 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor His own destructive plans return to his own head, for his violence comes down on his own head 0 Destruction and violence are spoken of as if they hit a persons head or fall down on it. Alternate translation: “His own destructive plans destroy him, for his violence attacks him” or “When he plans to destroy others, others destroy him; when he attacks others, others attack him”
7:intro zey1 0 # Psalm 07 General Notes\n\n## Outline:\n\n\n- Superscription\n\n- verses 15 Injustice Rejected\n- verses 69 Justice Requested\n- verses 1016 Justice Expected\n- verse 17 Justice Praised\n\n## About the Psalm\n\n**Purpose:** to invoke justice from Yahweh towards both the righteous (specifically, himself) and the wicked (false accusers).\n\n**Content:** God is a righteous judge. He saves the upright, and he brings the end to the wickeds violence.\n\n**Message:** King Yahweh will see to it that the wicked receive their punishment and that the righteous are vindicated.\n\n\n## Poetic Elements (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]]):\n### Heights and Depths\nProvides the structure of the Psalm.\n1. The Psalmist is brought down (vv. 1-5)\n2. Yahweh goes up to the highest place (vv. 6-9)\n3. The enemies are brought down (vv.10-16)\n4. Praise to the Most High God (v.17)\n\n\n### Other\n- There are a number of explicit and implicit references to Yahweh as both warrior and judge, which are both important functions of a king, especially King Yahweh—a metaphor that runs throughout the Psalms.\n- The subject in verses 12-16 is ambiguous, only the pronoun “he” is used (but it must be the wicked in verses 14-16). The psalmist might have chosen to leave the participants grammatically ambiguous in this entire section to create tension in what is a prominent section of the psalm (which is it, Yahweh or the wicked?!), as well as to teach an important lesson in line with the meaning of this psalm: to be wicked is to bring death upon oneself; but Yahweh is the one who ensures the destruction. In the UST and notes, the most likely persons are identified.\n\n### Cush the Benjamite\n\nNote the superscription and the specific circumstances. There is no other reference to this incident in the Scriptures. But there are references to David being opposed by those of the tribe of Benjamin during the time he was serving King Saul.\n\n\n### CCBYSA\n\nPortions of the ULT, UST, and TNs for this psalm are derivative from [“Psalms, Layer by Layer”](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Welcome), [Psalm 7](https://psalms.cdbr.org/w/Psalm_7) by Cambridge Digital Bible Research, Katie Frost, Meaghan Smith, Nikki Mustin et al, used under [CC BY](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
7:front v239 A musical composition of David 0 Alternate translation: “This is a song that David wrote”
7:1 huv1 בְּ⁠ךָ֣ חָסִ֑יתִי 1 Here, the author is speaking of going to Yahweh for protection as taking refuge **in him**, as if Yahweh were something strong or safe he could hide inside of. Alternate translation: “I always go to you for protection”
7:2 rzk1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile יִטְרֹ֣ף כְּ⁠אַרְיֵ֣ה נַפְשִׁ֑⁠י 1 The author is saying that his enemy is **like a lion** because they would both rip his body apart and tear it in pieces. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “they will violently kill me like a lion ripping apart its victims body and tearing it in pieces” or “they will violently kill me”
7:3-5 dpor rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry 0 In some languages, translating verses 3-5 might require a significant rearrangement to make the meaning clear. This section presents a hypothetical situation where the author calls a potential curse onto himself. You might have to connect each hypothetical situation in verses 3-4 with a consequence in verse 5, or even put verse 5 before the hypotheticals.\r\n\r\nHowever, it's important to notice that both verses 3-4 and verse 5 build up to a greater level of tension, with the peak of this tension at the end of verse 5. As you translate, try to capture this growing sense of hypothetical sin and its consequences, doing so in a way that feels natural to the poetic style of your language.
7:3-4 x9fh rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary אִם־עָשִׂ֣יתִי זֹ֑את אִֽם־יֶשׁ־עָ֥וֶל בְּ⁠כַפָּֽ⁠י & אִם־עָשִׂ֣יתִי זֹ֑את אִֽם־יֶשׁ־עָ֥וֶל בְּ⁠כַפָּֽ⁠י 1 The author presents a statement that may seem hypothetical, but in reality, he is sure that the condition he describes is not true. Hes making the case that hes not guilty.\n\nWhen translating, use a form in your language that introduces a condition the speaker doesnt believe is true (similar to how its done in the UST).\n\nBe careful, though: if you choose to translate it as a statement of the opposite, as seen in an alternate translation, youll need to also change the wording in verse 5 to reflect this negation, as shown at the end of the provided example. \n\n\nAlternate translation: “since I have not done this, and since there is no wrong on my hands, since I have not repaid evil to one who was at peace with me, or senselessly rescued my adversary, then do not”
7:3 nbkj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אִֽם־יֶשׁ־עָ֥וֶל בְּ⁠כַפָּֽ⁠י 1 Here the author is speaking of **wrong** as if it was something that could be held in someone's hands. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “if I have done something wrong with my hands” or “if I have treated someone wrongly”
7:3 ry5g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִֽם־יֶשׁ־עָ֥וֶל בְּ⁠כַפָּֽ⁠י 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wrong**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “if I have wronged someone”
7:4 qu90 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns גָּ֭מַלְתִּי שֽׁוֹלְמִ֥⁠י רָ֑ע 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **evil**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “I have acted evilly to one who was at peace with me”
7:4 dxz0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שֽׁוֹלְמִ֥⁠י 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “to my friend” or “to my peaceful neighbor”
7:4 wph2 וָ⁠אֲחַלְּצָ֖⁠ה צוֹרְרִ֣⁠י רֵיקָֽם 1 This could mean: (1) being an unfaithful friend by saving a person who is the authors and his allys enemy. Alternate translation: “or saved my enemy for no reason” (2) not attacking even an enemy without immediate cause (in this case the verb translated rescue could be taken as plunder). Alternate translation: “or plundered my enemy without cause” (3) not only not doing evil to friends, but even doing good to enemies. In this case the phrase would be less logically connected to the previous one. Alternate translation: “. And I even rescue one who is my enemy without reason.”
7:5 ej18 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy נַפְשִׁ֡⁠י & חַיָּ֑⁠י & וּ⁠כְבוֹדִ֓⁠י 1 Here, **my soul**, **my life**, and **my honor** represent the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “me”
7:5 hav6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠כְבוֹדִ֓⁠י ׀ לֶ⁠עָפָ֖ר יַשְׁכֵּ֣ן 1 This refers to lying dead and unburied in disgrace. (This is the same word for dust as in [Genesis 3:19](../gen/03/19.md)) If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and throw my dead body on a dirt pile”
7:6 phd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy ק֘וּמָ֤⁠ה 1 **Arise** represents doing something or taking action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do something” or “Take action”
7:6 qdvw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְּ⁠אַפֶּ֗⁠ךָ 1 Here, **in your nose** is an idiom meaning that **Yahweh** is angry. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Because you are angry”
7:6 a9lp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy הִ֭נָּשֵׂא 1 Here, **be lifted** represents overcoming or conquering people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “overcome”
7:6 q1qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠עַבְר֣וֹת צוֹרְרָ֑⁠י 1 The **adversaries** **rage** represents their attacks. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “against the attacks of my adversaries” or “against my adversaries who attack me”
7:6 x2us rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠ע֥וּרָ⁠ה 1 The author is speaking to **Yahweh** as if he was asleep and needed to **wake up**. Here, waking up represents starting to do something or take action. It does not imply that the author thinks Yahweh is asleep. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Take action” or “Start to do this”
7:6 lvmj rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result מִשְׁפָּ֥ט צִוִּֽיתָ 1 This wording serves a dual function: it both justifies the demands made earlier in this verse and sets the stage for the expectations expressed in the following verses. When translating, consider how to maintain this two-fold connection in your language, ensuring that it aligns with the logical and emotional flow of the text.
7:7 pk8y וַ⁠עֲדַ֣ת לְ֭אֻמִּים תְּסוֹבְבֶ֑⁠ךָּ 1 Alternate translation: “And let an assembly of peoples surround you”
7:7 rb6b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠עָלֶ֗י⁠הָ לַ⁠מָּר֥וֹם שֽׁוּבָ⁠ה 1 Yahweh ruling the **assembly of people** from heaven is spoken of as being **over it … on high**. Alternate translation: “rule over them from heaven” or “rule over them”
7:8 e8kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry יְהוָה֮ יָדִ֪ין עַ֫מִּ֥ים שָׁפְטֵ֥⁠נִי יְהוָ֑ה 1 The word **adjudicate** is used to show that in the original two different words meaning judge are used. If you have two terms in your language you can use two, if not, you can use the same term twice. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, judge the peoples! Judge me, Yahweh”
7:8 b8v5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שָׁפְטֵ֥⁠נִי 1 The implication is that Yahweh will find the author innocent. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Judge me innocent”
7:8 n8vq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כְּ⁠צִדְקִ֖⁠י וּ⁠כְ⁠תֻמִּ֣⁠י 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **righteousness** and **integrity**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “according to how I live rightly and according to how I live honestly”
7:8 a1l0 עָלָֽ⁠י 1 This could be: (1) a title for Yahweh. Alternate translation: “O you, Above All” (2) a clause locating the authors righteousness and integrity in himself. Alternate translation: “which is in me”
7:9 dadj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וּ⁠בֹחֵ֣ן לִ֭בּ֗וֹת וּ⁠כְלָי֗וֹת אֱלֹהִ֥ים צַדִּֽיק 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could move the last clause in this verse to the beginning as in the UST.
7:9 pw1n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רַ֨ע 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **evil**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “evil things”
7:9 zql9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִ֭בּ֗וֹת וּ⁠כְלָי֗וֹת 1 The **hearts and kidneys** are internal organs that represent peoples thoughts and desires in the authors culture. If these body parts do not have that meaning in your language, you could use body parts from your language that do have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “thoughts and motives”
7:10 c7u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מָֽגִנִּ֥⁠י עַל־אֱלֹהִ֑ים 1 The word **shield** represents Gods protection. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “God protects me”
7:10 szni rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יִשְׁרֵי־לֵֽב 1 Here, the **heart** represents the thoughts and motives. If the heart does not have that meaning in your language, you could use a body part from your language that has that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “whose thoughts and motives are upright”
7:11 j5zn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ֝⁠אֵ֗ל זֹעֵ֥ם בְּ⁠כָל־יֽוֹם 1 The author assumes that his readers will understand that God is indignant with the wicked. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “and a God who is angry with evil people every day”
7:11 cuf3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בְּ⁠כָל־יֽוֹם 1 Here, **on every day** represents a constant state, God is angry with the wicked all the time. Alternate translation: “all the time”
7:12 c9l8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יָ֭שׁוּב חַרְבּ֣⁠וֹ יִלְט֑וֹשׁ קַשְׁתּ֥⁠וֹ דָ֝רַ֗ךְ 1 The first **he** in this verse refers to the wicked. After the word **repent** all the **he** and **his** refer to Yahweh.
7:12-13 y4zk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor חַרְבּ֣⁠וֹ יִלְט֑וֹשׁ 1 In verses 12 and 13, David speaks of God deciding to punish the wicked as if God were a warrior preparing to fight against them with weapons. If it would be helpful in your language you could translate this as a simile (as in the UST) or state it plainly. Alternate translation: “God will prepare the punish him like a warrior prepares to fight by sharpening his sword”
7:13 j4bw rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns וְ֭⁠ל⁠וֹ 1 This could mean: (1) for the wicked, that is, God has prepared to use these weapons against the wicked. Alternate translation: “and for the wicked” (2) for himself, that is, God has prepared the weapons for his own use. Alternate translation: “and for himself”
7:14 boou rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism יְחַבֶּל־אָ֑וֶן וְ⁠הָרָ֥ה עָ֝מָ֗ל וְ⁠יָ֣לַד שָֽׁקֶר 1 These three phrases mean basically the same thing. The second and third emphasize the meaning by repeating the same idea with different words. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it would be good to show this to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. However, if it would be helpful to your readers, you could connect the phrases with a word other than **and** in order to show that the later phrases are repeating the first one, not saying something additional. Alternate translation: “he who is pregnant with wickedness, who also conceives trouble, who even births lies”
7:14 l54a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְחַבֶּל־אָ֑וֶן וְ⁠הָרָ֥ה עָ֝מָ֗ל וְ⁠יָ֣לַד שָֽׁקֶר 1 nThe author speaks of the things that a wicked person does as if the person were **pregnant** and **wickedness**, **trouble**, and **lies** are the baby. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Just as a woman conceives a child, carries it to term, and gives birth to it, So evil people think of wrong things to do, they do those wrong things, and then they lie about what they have done.” or “the person ready to do wicked things. He makes plans for trouble and produces lies”
7:14 hkfd rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns יְחַבֶּל 1 Here the subject switches from God back to the evil person. Alternate translation: “the wicked person is pregnant”
7:14 ssls rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun יְחַבֶּל־אָ֑וֶן וְ⁠הָרָ֥ה עָ֝מָ֗ל וְ⁠יָ֣לַד שָֽׁקֶר 1 Here, **he** represents evil people in general. It may be strange in some languages to use a masculine pronoun when talking about someone being pregnant or giving birth, even in a figure of speech. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “the person pregnant with wickedness, who conceives trouble, who births lies”
7:16 p524 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָשׁ֣וּב עֲמָל֣⁠וֹ בְ⁠רֹאשׁ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַ֥ל קָ֝דְקֳד֗⁠וֹ חֲמָס֥⁠וֹ יֵרֵֽד 1 Here, **trouble** and **violence** are spoken of as if they hit a persons head or fall down on it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “His own destructive plans destroy him, for his violence attacks him” or “When he plans to trouble others, others trouble him; when he attacks others, others attack him”
7:16 gjs1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns יָשׁ֣וּב עֲמָל֣⁠וֹ בְ⁠רֹאשׁ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠עַ֥ל קָ֝דְקֳד֗⁠וֹ חֲמָס֥⁠וֹ יֵרֵֽד 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **trouble** and **violence**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “His troubling others returns on his head, and his violently attacking others comes down on the top of his head”
7:17 v8ss rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כְּ⁠צִדְק֑⁠וֹ & וַ֝⁠אֲזַמְּרָ֗ה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **righteousness** and **praise**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. Alternate translation: “because he is righteous … and sing a praise song”
7:17 nxd3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שֵֽׁם־יְהוָ֥ה 1 Here, **name** represents reputation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahwehs reputation”
8:intro rs24 0 # Psalm 08 General Notes\n\n## Type of psalm\n\nPsalm 8 is a psalm of worship and praise to God. This was to be sung by a choir.\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Yahwehs creation\n\nGod has made awesome things in the universe and has exalted humans to be rulers over this creation. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])\n\n### A Little Lower than the Heavenly Beings\n\n[Psalms Psalm 8:46](./003.md) is quoted in [Hebrews 2:68](../../heb/02/06.md), where it is applied to Jesus. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/heaven]] and [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]])
8:1 lk7t rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nParallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
8:1 i9hb For the chief musician 0 Alternate translation: “This is for the director of music to use in worship”
@ -5209,7 +5227,9 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
150:5 yat3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown cymbals 0 two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound
150:6 c7iw General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nThis verse is more than the end of this psalm. It is the closing statement for all of Book 5 of the Psalms, which starts at Psalm 107 and ends with Psalm 150.
150:6 ht6z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole everything that has breath 0 This is an exaggeration that calls on all people who are alive to praise God.
j2nn he who protects you 0 God
1:4 j2nn he who protects you 0 God
42:11 wp6h rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor 0 The writer speaks of depression or discouragement as if it were his soul being bent over. See how you translated this in [Psalms 42:5](../042/005.md). Alternate translation: “discouraged”
42:10 ae82 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion 0 The writers enemies use this question to mock him and to express that they do not see God helping him. Alternate translation: “Your God is not here to help you”
42:9 b1ik 0 To “go mourning” is to perform customs related to being very sad.
1:4 wzv4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry General Information: 0 # General Information:\n\nParallelism is common in Hebrew poetry. (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
7:5 us9e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy overtake me This represents capturing him. Alternate translation: “capture me”

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