Merge pjoakes-tc-create-1 into master by pjoakes (#3285)

Co-authored-by: pjoakes <pjoakes@noreply.door43.org>
Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richmahn@users.noreply.github.com>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/3285

tn_RUT.tsv

@@ -204,35 +204,36 @@ front:intro	f68r				0	# Introduction to Ruth\n\n## Part 1: General Introduction\
 3:14	dwx1		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	בְּטֶ֛רֶם יַכִּ֥יר אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑⁠הוּ	1	The idiom **before a man could recognize his friend** means that it was very early in the morning, before there was enough light to recognize the face of a familiar person. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have that meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before you could see your hand in front of your face” or “while it was still quite dark”
 3:14	q9ix		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure	וַ⁠יֹּ֨אמֶר֙	1	Boaz probably said this before Ruth lay down to sleep. If it would be helpful in your language, you could move this to the beginning of the verse, as in the UST, or indicate that this happened before Ruth lay down. Alternate translation: “She did this because Boaz had said”  
 3:14	qgjv		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive	אַל־יִוָּדַ֔ע	1	If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not let anyone know”
-3:15	hj1e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	הַ⁠מִּטְפַּ֧חַת	1	A **cloak** was a long, thick outer garment usually made of cloth or leather. Your language and culture may have a term such a piece of clothing which you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “the coat” or "the cape"
-3:15	f5zg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume	שֵׁשׁ־שְׂעֹרִים֙	1	The actual amount is not stated. We do not know how much barley was in each of the **measures**. It was enough to be considered generous, yet small enough for Ruth to carry alone. Most scholars think it was around 25 to 30 kilograms.
-3:15	gdn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	וַ⁠יָּ֣שֶׁת עָלֶ֔י⁠הָ	1	The writer is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: "and Boaz put the barley on Ruth’s back so she could carry it home with her"
+3:15	hj1e		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown	הַ⁠מִּטְפַּ֧חַת	1	A **cloak** was a long, thick outer garment usually made of cloth. Your language and culture may have a term for such a piece of clothing that you can use in your translation. Alternate translation: “the cape” or "the coat"
+3:15	f5zg		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	שֵׁשׁ־שְׂעֹרִים֙	1	The actual amount is not stated. There is no word referring to the container that Boaz filled six times with barley. The original readers probably knew how big this container was, but we do not. The total amount was enough to be considered generous, yet not too much for Ruth to carry alone. Most scholars think that the total amount was around 25 to 30 kilograms. Alternate translation: “six measures of barley”
+3:15	gdn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	וַ⁠יָּ֣שֶׁת עָלֶ֔י⁠הָ	1	The writer is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: "into it and then put the cloak full of barley on Ruth’s back"
 3:15	aj7u		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants	וַ⁠יָּבֹ֖א הָ⁠עִֽיר	1	Many ancient manuscripts read **he went**, referring to Boaz. The ULT follows that reading. Other ancient manuscripts read “she went,” referring to Ruth. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
-3:16	s7dr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	מִי־אַ֣תְּ בִּתִּ֑⁠י	1	Naomi's question to Ruth, **"Who are you, my daughter?"** appears to be an idiom that probably asks about her current status. In other words, it is likely that Naomi is asking if Ruth is now a married woman.
-3:16	ab34		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship	בִּתִּ֑⁠י	1	Ruth is actually Naomi’s daughter-in-law, but Naomi calls her **my daughter** as an endearment. Keep this translation if it is acceptable in your culture. Otherwise, use “daughter-in law.”
-3:16	w9p9			אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָֽשָׂה־לָ֖⁠הּ הָ⁠אִֽישׁ	1	Alternate translation: "all that Boaz had done for her"
-3:17	abca			שֵׁשׁ־הַ⁠שְּׂעֹרִ֥ים	1	See how you translated this in [3:15](../03/15/f5zg).
-3:17	e9xx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אַל־תָּב֥וֹאִי רֵיקָ֖ם	1	To **go empty-handed** is an idiom that means to go to someone with nothing to offer that person. Alternate translation: "Do not go empty-handed" or "Do not go with nothing" or "You must take something"
-3:18	ab36		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	שְׁבִ֣י בִתִּ֔⁠י	1	Here, **Sit** is an idiom that means to wait patiently and calmly. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. \nAlternate translation: “Wait here” or “Be patient”
+3:16	s7dr		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	מִי־אַ֣תְּ	1	Naomi's question to Ruth, **“Who are you, my daughter?”** appears to be an idiom that probably asks about her current status. In other words, it is likely that Naomi is asking if Ruth is now betrothed to be married. Alternate translation: “How is it with you” or “How did it go for you”
+3:16	ab34		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship	בִּתִּ֑⁠י	1	Ruth is actually Naomi’s daughter-in-law, but Naomi calls her **my daughter** as an endearment. Use an appropriate endearment in your language, if there is one. Alternate translation: “my dear one” or “my daughter-in-law”
+3:16	w9p9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָֽשָׂה־לָ֖⁠הּ הָ⁠אִֽישׁ	1	Most of what **the man had done for her** was verbal. That is, the main thing was that Boaz promised Ruth that he would make sure that she and Naomi were taken care of. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate that what Boaz did included the things that he said to her. Alternate translation: “everything that the man had promised to do for her”
+3:17	abca		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis	שֵׁשׁ־הַ⁠שְּׂעֹרִ֥ים	1	See how you translated this in [3:15](../03/15/f5zg). Alternate translation: “six measures of barley”
+3:17	ln7l		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes	כִּ֚י אָמַ֣ר אַל־תָּב֥וֹאִי רֵיקָ֖ם אֶל־חֲמוֹתֵֽ⁠ךְ	1	If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “saying to me that I should not go empty to my mother-in-law”
+3:17	e9xx		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אַל־תָּב֥וֹאִי רֵיקָ֖ם	1	To **go empty** is an idiom that means to go to someone with nothing to offer that person. Alternate translation: "You must not go empty-handed" or "Do not go with nothing" or "You must take something"
+3:18	ab36		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	שְׁבִ֣י 	1	Here, **Sit** is an idiom that means to wait patiently and calmly. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. \nAlternate translation: “Stay quiet” or “Be patient”
 3:18	ab35			בִתִּ֔⁠י	1	See how you translated this in 1:11–13; 2:2, 8, 22; 3:1, 10, 11, 16.
 3:18	ab37		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אֵ֖יךְ יִפֹּ֣ל דָּבָ֑ר	1	Here, **how the matter falls** is an idiom that means "what is going to happen". If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “how the situation will turn out” or “what will happen”
-3:18	zi02		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives	לֹ֤א יִשְׁקֹט֙ הָ⁠אִ֔ישׁ כִּֽי־אִם־כִּלָּ֥ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר	1	If it would be clearer in your language, you could use a positive expression to translate this double negative that consists of the negative particle **not** and the negative phrase **unless he has finished**. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "the man will certainly settle this matter" or "the man will surely resolve this issue"
-3:18	u5rn			אִם־כִּלָּ֥ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר	1	Here, **this matter** is an idiom that means the need of the two women for a kinsman-redeemer. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly.\nAlternate translation: "until he has resolved this question" or "before he has settled the matter"
-4:intro	pz6m				0	# Ruth 4 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### King David\n\nDespite being a Moabitess, Ruth became an ancestress of David. David was Israel’s greatest king. It may be surprising that a Gentile would become a part of such an important lineage, but it reminds us that God loves all people. Ruth had great faith in Yahweh. This shows us that God welcomes all who trust in him.\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### "You also acquire Ruth the Moabite woman"\n\nWith the privilege of using the family’s land came the responsibility to take care of the widows of the family. Therefore, the relative who wanted to use Naomi’s land had to also help Ruth to have a son who would carry on the family name and inheritance and provide for her.\n\n### "This was the custom in former times"\n\nThis is a comment made by the writer of the text. This indicates that there was a considerable period of time between the events that occurred and the time when they were written down.
-4:1	jdr8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	וּ⁠בֹ֨עַז עָלָ֣ה הַ⁠שַּׁעַר֮	1	The writer is using this clause to introduce the next part of the story, in which Boaz takes the leading role as kinsman-redeemer and marries Ruth. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event.
-4:1	m4by		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy	הַ⁠שַּׁעַר֮	1	Here, **the gate** represents the place in the town where community business was publicly conducted. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: "to the gate of the city" or "to the gate of Bethlehem"
+3:18	zi02		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes	לֹ֤א יִשְׁקֹט֙ הָ⁠אִ֔ישׁ כִּֽי־אִם	1	Naomi is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with **rest**, which is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning and strengthen it another way. Alternate translation: "the man will diligently pursue this until" 
+3:18	u5rn		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	אִם־כִּלָּ֥ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר	1	Here, **this matter** refers to the need of the two women for a kinsman-redeemer. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: "unless he has resolved our problem" or "until he gets us a kinsman-redeemer"
+4:intro	pz6m				0	# Ruth 4 General Notes\n\n## Special Concepts in this Chapter\n\n### King David\n\nDespite being a Moabitess, Ruth became an ancestress of David. David was Israel’s greatest king. It may be surprising that a Gentile would become a part of such an important lineage, but it reminds us that God loves all people. Ruth had great faith in Yahweh. This shows us that God welcomes all who trust in him.\n\n### "You also acquire Ruth the Moabite woman"\n\nWith the privilege of using the family’s land came the responsibility to take care of the widows of the family. Therefore, the relative who wanted to use Naomi’s land had to also help Ruth to have a son who would carry on the family name and inheritance and provide for her.\n\n\n## Other Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter\n\n### "In earlier times in Israel"\n\nVerse seven of chapter four is a comment made by the writer of the text. This indicates that there was a considerable period of time between the events that occurred and the time when they were written down, during which customs had changed. Consider how to indicate that this is a comment about the story rather than a part of the story.
+4:1	jdr8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent	וּ⁠בֹ֨עַז עָלָ֣ה הַ⁠שַּׁעַר֮	1	The writer is using this clause to introduce the next part of the story, in which Boaz takes the leading role as kinsman-redeemer and marries Ruth. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “As for Boaz, he went up to the town gate”
+4:1	m4by		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	הַ⁠שַּׁעַר֮	1	The original readers knew that **the gate** was the place inside the entrance to the town where community business was publicly conducted. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: "to the gathering place inside the gateway of the town" 
 4:1	jdr9		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor	וְ⁠הִנֵּ֨ה	1	The writer is using the term **behold** to focus our attention on the important event of Boaz seeing the exact person whom he wanted to see walking by. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: "And amazingly" or "To his delight"
 4:1	kz1g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship	הַ⁠גֹּאֵ֤ל	1	The term **kinsman-redeemer** specifically refers to the closest living male relative to Elimelek. If your language has a specific word for such a person, it would be appropriate to use it here. See how you translated **kinsman-redeemer** in [2:20](../02/20/zu5f).
-4:1	ab38		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	פְּלֹנִ֣י אַלְמֹנִ֑י	1	Boaz did not actually say **a certain someone**; instead, he called the kinsman-redeemer by his name. This is an idiom that means a specific person, but the name is not given. The narrator has substituted this general term for the person’s name either because the specific name is not important for the story or because the man’s name had been forgotten. If your language has an idiom to refer to a specific person without using his name, use that here.
-4:1	ab39		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations	פְּלֹנִ֣י אַלְמֹנִ֑י	1	In many languages, **a certain someone** is an awkward and unnatural way for someone to address another person. A way to make this more natural could be to turn this into an indirect quotation. A combination of indirect and direct quotation is also possible: Boaz called him by name and asked him to turn aside and sit down here.
+4:1	ab39		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations	וַ⁠יֹּ֛אמֶר ס֥וּרָ⁠ה שְׁבָ⁠ה־פֹּ֖ה פְּלֹנִ֣י אַלְמֹנִ֑י	1	In many languages, **a certain someone** is an awkward and unnatural way for someone to address another person. A way to make this more natural could be to turn this into an indirect quotation. A combination of indirect and direct quotation is also possible, as in the UST. Alternate translation: “Boaz called him by name and asked him to turn aside and sit down there"
+4:1	ab38		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	פְּלֹנִ֣י אַלְמֹנִ֑י	1	Boaz did not actually say **a certain someone**; instead, he called the kinsman-redeemer by his name. This is an idiom that means a specific person, but the name is not given. The narrator has substituted this general term for the person’s name either because the specific name is not important for the story or because the man’s name had been forgotten. If your language has an idiom to refer to a specific person without using his name, use that here. Alternate translation: “so-and-so”
 4:2	ab40			וַ⁠יִּקַּ֞ח עֲשָׂרָ֧ה אֲנָשִׁ֛ים	1	Alternate translation: "Then he chose ten men"
-4:2	bf74			מִ⁠זִּקְנֵ֥י הָ⁠עִ֖יר	1	Alternate translation: "from the elders of the city"
-4:3	es9g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	חֶלְקַת֙ הַ⁠שָּׂדֶ֔ה & מָכְרָ֣ה נָעֳמִ֔י	1	The implication is that **Naomi selling the portion of the field** will be of great interest to the kinsman-redeemer. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. It was the responsibility of the nearest kinsman to Elimelek to buy back the land that had belonged to Elimelek and to care for Elimelek’s family.
+4:3	es9g		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship	לְ⁠אָחִ֖י⁠נוּ	1	Here the term **brother** is used in the broad sense to mean a male relative of an extended family. If your language has a word for this, it would be appropriate to use it here. 
+4:4	bvvo		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אָמַ֜רְתִּי	1	Here, **said** refers to something that Boaz said to himself in his own mind. Alternate translation: “I said to myself that” or “I felt that”
 4:4	ab41		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	אֶגְלֶ֧ה אָזְנְ⁠ךָ֣	1	**I should uncover your ear** is an idiom that means “I should tell you” or “I should let you know.” If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: "I should inform you"
-4:4	c6xi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	נֶ֥גֶד	1	Here, **in the presence of those who are sitting here** is an idiom that means “before witnesses.” Having these men as witnesses would make the transaction legal and binding. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly.
-4:4	lgq1			גְּאָ֔ל	1	Alternate translation: "buy it back to keep it in the family"
-4:4	ab42		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions	אֵ֤ין זוּלָֽתְ⁠ךָ֙ לִ⁠גְא֔וֹל וְ⁠אָנֹכִ֖י אַחֲרֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	If, in your language, it would appear that Boaz is making a statement here and then contradicting it, you could reword this to avoid using an exception clause. In some languages, it may be confusing to say these things together: (1) there is no one to redeem the land besides you, (2) I can redeem the land after you. If that is so in your language, see the UST for a way that is more clear.
-4:4	u548		rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-kinship	וְ⁠אָנֹכִ֖י אַחֲרֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	Boaz was the next nearest kinsman to Elimelek, and so had the second right to redeem the land.
+4:4	c6xi		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit	נֶ֥גֶד הַֽ⁠יֹּשְׁבִים֮	1	Having these men as witnesses would make the transaction legal and binding. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “before these witnesses” 
+4:4	lgq1			אִם־תִּגְאַל֙	1	Here, Boaz is asking about the man's willingness to redeem the property. Use a natural way to express this in your language.  Alternate translation: "If you are willing to buy it back to keep it in the family"
+4:4	ab42		rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-exceptions	אֵ֤ין זוּלָֽתְ⁠ךָ֙ לִ⁠גְא֔וֹל וְ⁠אָנֹכִ֖י אַחֲרֶ֑י⁠ךָ	1	In some languages, it may be confusing to say these things together: (1) there is no one to redeem the land besides you, (2) I can redeem the land after you. It may appear that Boaz is making a statement and then contradicting it. If so, you could say this differently. Alternate translation: “you are the first in line to redeem it, and I am the next one in line”
+4:4	r8no		figs-rpronouns	אָנֹכִ֥י אֶגְאָֽל	1	The man uses the word **myself** here to emphasize that he will do it and no one else. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “It will be I who redeems it”
 4:5	ymn8		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche	מִ⁠יַּ֣ד נָעֳמִ֑י	1	Boaz is using one part of a person, the **hand of Naomi**, to represent Naomi herself and her legal possession of the land. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from Naomi”
 4:5	dya3		rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom	וּ֠⁠מֵ⁠אֵת ר֣וּת & קָנִ֔יתָה	1	Boaz is using the term **acquire** to mean that the man must marry the Moabite woman. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: "you must also marry Ruth"
 4:5	b3ps			אֵֽשֶׁת־הַ⁠מֵּת֙	1	Alternate translation: "the widow of Elimelek’s son who died"