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@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ front:intro h5yn 0 # Introduction to 1 Kings\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
1:27 pruw אִ֗ם מֵ⁠אֵת֙ אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ נִהְיָ֖ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וְ⁠לֹ֤א הוֹדַ֨עְתָּ֙ אֶֽת־עבדי⁠ך מִ֗י יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 This sentence could be translated: (1) in question form. See the UST. (2) in conditional form. Alternate translation: “If this matter has been done from with my lord the king, then you have not caused your servants to know who will sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.”
1:27 pvgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מֵ⁠אֵת֙ אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ נִהְיָ֖ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my lord the king done this matter”
1:27 b3wq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ & אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 Here Nathan addresses King David in the third person as a sign of respect. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use the second-person form and indicate the respect in another way. Alternate translation: “you, my lord the king, … you, my lord the king, after you”\n
1:27 ckp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants אֶֽת־עבדי⁠ך 1 Jewish scribes instructed synagogue readers to say “servant” when they got to the word translated **servants**. In that case, the word refers only to Joab. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
1:27 s1tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “will sit on the throne of my lord the king to rule after him” or “will sit on the throne of my lord the king as king after him”\n
1:28 vs19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּ֨עַן הַ⁠מֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 The two words **answered** and **said** express a single idea. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this idea in a different way. Alternate translation: “And the king David answered him by saying” or “And the king David said”
1:28 dkzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 Here, the author implies that **David** spoke to some of his servants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “and said to some of his attendants”
@ -250,55 +251,156 @@ front:intro h5yn 0 # Introduction to 1 Kings\n\n## Part 1: General Introducti
1:53 fvvo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֕א 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And he went”
1:53 q66p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 In Solomon’s culture, when people **prostrated** themselves to someone else, they were honoring and respecting that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “and prostrated himself to the king Solomon in respect” or “and prostrated himself to honor the king Solomon”
2:intro nsa1 0 # 1 Kings 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two stories: David’s last advice to Solomon and Solomon’s punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Exalting oneself\n\nExalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Euphemism\n\nDavid spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: “I am going the way of all the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nDavid wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: “Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses.” Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
2:2 v679 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism I am going the way of all the earth 1 This is a polite way of saying “I am going to die.”
2:2 n19l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis show yourself a man 1 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “show everyone that you are a man” or “live so that everyone can see you are a good man”
2:3 z9rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom walk in his ways 1 Walking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “live the way he commands”
2:3 dd23 so you may prosper 1 Alternate translation: “so you may succeed” or “so you may do well”
2:4 rt48 may fulfill his word 1 Alternate translation: “do everything he promised he would do”
2:4 dul9 If your sons … you will never cease 1 Yahweh is talking to David, so the words “you” and “your” refer to David.
2:4 zt1t to walk before me faithfully 1 Yahweh is talking to David, so the word “me” refers to Yahweh.
2:4 m9j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom with all their heart and with all their soul 1 The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2:4 j114 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will never cease to have a man on the throne of Israel 1 The word “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes “will never cease to have” can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel” or “one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2:5 vc4k what Joab … did to me, and what he did 1 David is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did”
2:5 dfd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy shed the blood of war in peace 1 This could mean: (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war”
2:5 x43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feet 1 This could mean: (1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or (2) the word “blood” is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab’s authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally.
2:6 hm11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peace 1 Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a “gray head.” Alternate translation: “make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old”
2:7 p85c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Barzillai 1 a man’s name
2:7 tcu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy let them be among those who eat at your table 1 The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home”
2:8 l8ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Shimei … Gera 1 men’s names
2:8 ec5k Benjamite 1 descendant of Benjamin
2:8 r5e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names Bahurim … Mahanaim 1 place names
2:9 tvd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives do not let him go free from punishment 1 This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him”
2:9 wrv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy bring his gray head down to the grave with blood 1 Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
2:10 rlu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism slept with his ancestors 1 David dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died”
2:10 h7jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive David … and was buried 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “David … and they buried him”
2:11 f3w5 The days that David reigned over Israel were 1 Alternate translation: “The time that David reigned over Israel was” or “David reigned over Israel for”
2:12 nhg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy sat on the throne of his father David 1 The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: “became king, as his father David had been”
2:12 p55b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive his rule was firmly established 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomon’s rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom”
2:13 edr5 peacefully 1 with no desire to cause harm
2:15 c7ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole all Israel 1 This is a generalization.
2:15 zv37 things changed 1 Alternate translation: “what we expected to happen did not happen”
2:15 j26b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive the kingdom was given to my brother 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother” or “my brother became king”
2:16 ceu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy do not turn away from my face 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “do not refuse to do what I request”
2:17 yj4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy he will not turn away from your face 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “he will not refuse to do what you request”
2:17 k5fq Abishag the Shunammite 1 See [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md).
2:19 taa6 The king rose 1 “The king stood up” from where he was sitting on his throne.
2:19 hdv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive had a throne brought 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “told someone to bring a throne”
2:19 xwh6 the king’s mother 1 Bathsheba
2:20 z967 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy you will not turn away from my face … I will not turn away from your face 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md) and [1 Kings 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “you will not refuse to do what I request … I will not refuse to do what you request”
2:21 hu72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah … as his wife 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Allow Adonijah … to marry Abishag the Shunammite” or “Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah … as his wife”
2:22 d8bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion Why do you ask … Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah? 1 King Solomon was angered by his mother’s request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!”
2:23 zem8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request”
2:24 ac1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy set me on the throne 1 The word “throne” refers to Solomon’s authority to rule that was given by Yahweh.
2:24 k151 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy who has made me a house 1 Here “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him.
2:26 w4ap suffered in every way my father suffered 1 Abiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king.
2:27 q79l that he might fulfill 1 The word “he” refers to King Solomon.
2:27 pkk6 the word of Yahweh 1 Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh had said”
2:27 hzt8 which he had spoken 1 The word “he” refers to Yahweh.
2:28 bnc9 The news came to Joab 1 Alternate translation: “Joab heard what Solomon did after he had become king”
2:28 zpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the horns of the altar 1 The horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh’s power and protection.
2:29 t39e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive It was told King Solomon that Joab had fled 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled”
2:31 sj9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father’s house the blood that Joab shed without cause 1 Here “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father’s house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason”
2:1 ia4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וַ⁠יִּקְרְב֥וּ יְמֵֽי־דָוִ֖ד לָ⁠מ֑וּת 1 Here the author indicates that David was going to die very soon, and he implies that David knew it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the time of David’s death was near” or “And David knew that he was about to die”
2:1 brjt rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and this is what he said:”
2:2 v679 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism אָנֹכִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ בְּ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 David is referring to his own death in a polite way by using the phrase **I {am} going in the way of all the earth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “I am going to pass away soon” or “I will soon experience death”
2:2 aqlc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet וְ⁠חָזַקְתָּ֖ וְ⁠הָיִ֥יתָֽ לְ⁠אִֽישׁ 1 The clauses **you shall be strong** and **you shall become a man** mean similar things. David is using the two clauses together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “And you shall be very strong” or “And you shall act like a man”
2:2 f68k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠חָזַקְתָּ֖ 1 Here David speaks as if he wants Solomon to be physically **strong**. He means that he wants Solomon to be bold and brave. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall have courage” or “And you shall be brave”
2:2 n19l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠הָיִ֥יתָֽ לְ⁠אִֽישׁ 1 Here, the phrase **become a man** indicates that David wants Solomon to be courageous and confident. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall become stouthearted” or “and you shall become confident”
2:3 raca rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְ⁠שָׁמַרְתָּ֞ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 Here, **keep the keeping** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “and you shall carefully fulfill your obligation to Yahweh your God”\n
2:3 qur0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 Here, David is using the possessive form to describe **keeping** that is required by **Yahweh your God**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh your God requires you to keep:”
2:3 k77e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 Here David emphasizes that **Yahweh** is Solomon’s **God**, but he implies that **Yahweh** is his **God** as well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your God and mine,”\n
2:3 z9rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת בִּ⁠דְרָכָי⁠ו֙ 1 David speaks of obeying God as if it were walking in God‘s **ways**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to act as he desires” or “to live your life in the way that he wishes”
2:3 dgdh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet חֻקֹּתָ֤י⁠ו מִצְוֺתָי⁠ו֙ וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּטָ֣י⁠ו וְ⁠עֵדְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו 1 The terms **statutes**, **commandments**, **judgments**, and **testimonies** mean similar things. David is using these four terms together to refer to every kind of command and requirement that God has given. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use one, two, or three terms that together refer to every command that God has given. Alternate translation: “his commandments and his judgments and his requirements” or “all his commandments”
2:3 pppa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns חֻקֹּתָ֤י⁠ו מִצְוֺתָי⁠ו֙ וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּטָ֣י⁠ו וְ⁠עֵדְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for some or all of the ideas in this list, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “what he has required, commanded, decided, and testified to”
2:3 o111 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive כַּ⁠כָּת֖וּב בְּ⁠תוֹרַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֑ה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject or indicate that **Moses** did it. Alternate translation: “as people wrote in the law of Moses”
2:3 dd23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּפְנֶ֖ה שָֽׁם 1 The expression **everywhere that you turn there** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “everywhere you turn”\n
2:4 rt48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יָקִ֨ים יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־דְּבָר֗⁠וֹ 1 Here David speaks as if Yahweh’s **word** were an object that Yahweh could cause **to stand**. He means that Yahweh will do what he said in **his word**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may establish his word” or “Yahweh may fulfill his word”
2:4 o4i3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־דְּבָר֗⁠וֹ 1 Here, **word** represents what Yahweh said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what he said”
2:4 au8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵ⁠אמֹר֒ אִם־יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗⁠ם לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת לְ⁠פָנַ⁠י֙ בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֔ת בְּ⁠כָל־לְבָבָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם לֵ⁠אמֹ֕ר לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת לְ⁠ךָ֙ אִ֔ישׁ מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that, if my sons keep their way, to walk to Yahweh’s face in truth with all their heart and with all their soul, then a man for me will not be cut off from on the throne of Israel.”
2:4 vbsq rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹר֒ & לֵ⁠אמֹ֕ר 1 If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. David repeats the word **saying** to emphasize that Yahweh said these words. Consider how you might express this emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “when he himself said … and then he added”
2:4 zt1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗⁠ם לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת לְ⁠פָנַ⁠י֙ 1 Yahweh speaks of obeying him as if it were keeping a **way** and as if it were walking before his **face**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your sons will continue to obey, doing what I desire” or “your sons continue to live their lives in the ways that I wish”
2:4 o789 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ 1 Yahweh is using **sons** to represent David’s descendants in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your offspring” or “the people descended from you”
2:4 pe8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֔ת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **trust**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in a trustworthy way” or “sincerely”
2:4 m9j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠כָל־לְבָבָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם 1 In David’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel, and the **soul** represents a person’s life with special focus on that person’s identity and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **heart** and **soul** by referring to the part of the body where humans do and experience these things in your culture or by expressing the ideas plainly. Alternate translation: “in whatever they desire and in whatever they do”
2:4 nigt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לְבָבָ֖⁠ם & נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם 1 If it would not be natural in your language to speak as if a group of people had only one **heart** and one **soul**, you could use the plural form of that word in your translation. Alternate translation: “their hearts … their souls”\n
2:4 dul9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת & מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here Yahweh speaks as if a king were a branch that could be **cut off**. He is referring to how a king could be stopped from reigning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will not be prevented from sitting on the throne of Israel”
2:4 qtik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת & מֵ⁠עַ֖ל 1 Yahweh is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning, **cut off**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “will certainly continue” or “will most definitely remain on”\n
2:4 j114 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 Here, **throne of Israel** represents rule and authority as king over **Israel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from reigning over Israel” or “from being king of Israel”
2:5 j6vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֡עְתָּ 1 David uses the word **yourself** to emphasize that Solomon knows what he is about say. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “as for you, you know”
2:5 cooo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names צְרוּיָ֗ה 1 The word **Zeruiah** is the name of a woman. She was David’s sister.\n
2:5 vc4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָ֨שָׂה לִ֜⁠י יוֹאָ֣ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֣ה לִ⁠שְׁנֵֽי־שָׂרֵ֣י 1 Here David could mean that: (1) Joab did bad things to David by doing bad things to the two commanders. Alternate translation: “what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me. I mean what he did to two of the commanders of” (2) Joab did bad things both to David and to the two commanders. Alternate translation: “what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me and also what he did to two of the commanders of”
2:5 r4du rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names נֵ֜ר וְ⁠לַ⁠עֲמָשָׂ֤א & יֶ֨תֶר֙ 1 The words **Ner**, **Amasa**, and **Jether** are the names of men.\n
2:5 b4pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וַ⁠יָּ֥שֶׂם דְּמֵֽי־מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֑ם וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֞ן דְּמֵ֣י מִלְחָמָ֗ה 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **bloodshed**, **war**, and **peace**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “And he shed blood during a peaceful time as if it were a time to fight, and when he fought, he shed blood”
2:5 dfd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יָּ֥שֶׂם דְּמֵֽי־מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֑ם 1 Here David speaks as if **peace** were a container into which Joab **put the bloodshed of war**. He could mean that Joab: (1) killed people during a time of **peace** as if it were a time of **war**. Alternate translation: “And caused bloodshed during peace as if it were war” (2) took revenge during a time of **peace** against people who had killed others during a **war**. Alternate translation: “And he took revenge during peace for bloodshed that occurred in a war”
2:5 x43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֞ן דְּמֵ֣י מִלְחָמָ֗ה בַּ⁠חֲגֹֽרָת⁠וֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּ⁠מָתְנָ֔י⁠ו וּֽ⁠בְ⁠נַעֲל֖⁠וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠רַגְלָֽי⁠ו 1 Here David speaks as if **bloodshed** were on Joab’s **belt** and **sandal**. He could mean that: (1) Joab is always guilty for what he did, as surely as if his clothes were stained with blood. Alternate translation: “and it is as if killing people were clothing that he always wears” or “and he is always responsible for the bloodshed of war that he has caused” (2) Joab actually spilled blood on his **belt** and **sandal** when he killed Abner and Amasa. Alternate translation: “and he got the blood of the people he killed on his belt, which was on his loins, and on his sandal, which was on his feet”
2:5 sr4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns וּֽ⁠בְ⁠נַעֲל֖⁠וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠רַגְלָֽי⁠ו 1 In this verse, the word **sandal** is singular in form, but it refers to both of Joab’s sandals together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “on his sandals, which were on his feet”
2:6 qr9o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כְּ⁠חָכְמָתֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wisdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what you consider to be wise”
2:6 dzhg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ⁠לֹֽא־תוֹרֵ֧ד שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֖ם שְׁאֹֽל 1 David is referring to Joab’s death in a polite way by referring to going down to **Sheol**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall not let his gray hair pass away in peace” or “and you shall not let his gray hair experience death in peace”\n
2:6 hm11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֹֽא־תוֹרֵ֧ד שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ 1 Here, **gray hair** represents an old person who has **gray hair**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall not let him live till he is old and can go down” or “and you shall not let him live a long time and then go down”
2:6 dil0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֖ם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in a peaceful way” or “nonviolently”
2:7 k9ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וְ⁠לִ⁠בְנֵ֨י 1 Although the term **sons** is masculine, David is using the word in a generic sense that could include both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “And to the descendants of” or “And to the sons and daughters of”
2:7 p85c rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names בַרְזִלַּ֤י 1 The word **Barzillai** is the name of a man.
2:7 y22p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־חֶ֔סֶד 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “be faithful” or “be loyal”
2:7 tcu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Here, **table** represents the food and drink that Solomon has and gives to others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what you supply to them” or “from your own provisions”
2:7 aa0m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor כֵן֙ קָרְב֣וּ אֵלַ֔⁠י 1 Here David speaks as if Barzillai and his children physically **came near** to him. He means that they helped him by bringing him food and drink. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “so they came to my aid” or “that is how they assisted me”
2:7 e1jd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠פְּנֵ֖י אַבְשָׁל֥וֹם 1 Here, **face** represents the presence of the person whose **face** it is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from before Absalom”
2:8 x82j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּ֣ה 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of Solomon and asks him to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks someone to listen, or you could use a different form that draws someone’s attention. Alternate translation: “Now listen:” or “And pay attention”
2:8 l8ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names גֵּרָ֥א 1 The word **Gera** is the name of a man.
2:8 r5e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names מִ⁠בַּחֻרִים֒ & מַחֲנָ֑יִם 1 The words **Bahurim** and **Mahanaim** are the names of towns. **Bahurim** was near Jerusalem, probably to the northeast. **Mahanaim** was further northeast of Jerusalem, across the Jordan River.
2:8 ec5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry וְ⁠ה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֨⁠נִי֙ קְלָלָ֣ה נִמְרֶ֔צֶת 1 Here, **cursed me with a powerful curse** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And he himself cursed me very powerfully” or “And he himself used a forceful curse against me”\n
2:8 hypy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns וְ⁠ה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֨⁠נִי֙ & וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד 1 David uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that **Shimei** was the one who did these things. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “It was he who cursed me … And it was he who went down”
2:8 rg7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠י֖וֹם לֶכְתִּ֣⁠י מַחֲנָ֑יִם וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד לִ⁠קְרָאתִ⁠י֙ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 Here David is referring to how he fled from his son Absalom and went to **Mahanaim**, which is when **Shimei** cursed him (see [2 Samuel 16:5–10](../2sa/16/05.md)). Then, David refers to how he returned to Jerusalem after Absalom’s death. When he was about to cross the **Jordan** to go back to Jerusalem, Shimei met him and asked for forgiveness (see [2 Samuel 19:15–23](../2sa/19/15.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make those ideas more explicit or include some extra information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “on of my going to Mahanaim to escape from Absalom. And he himself went down to meet me at the Jordan when I was returning to Jerusalem”
2:8 y6mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֶכְתִּ֣⁠י & וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “coming” and “came” instead of **going** and **went**. Alternate translation: “my coming … And he himself came down”
2:8 wtzu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula וָ⁠אֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע ל֤⁠וֹ בַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 Here David speaks about how he swore an oath **by Yahweh** guaranteeing that he would not kill Shimei. He only states the condition part of the oath, but he implies that he stated that something bad would happen to him if he broke the oath. Use a natural way in your language to express an oath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include the implied part of the oath. Alternate translation: “and I swore before Yahweh to him, saying, ‘May God should punish me if I kill you with the sword’” or “and I solemnly promised Yahweh before him, saying, ‘I will not kill you with the sword’”\n
2:8 hf2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that I would not kill him with the sword”\n
2:8 g5lg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and I said”\n
2:8 oug7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ 1 Here David implies that he would have one of his soldiers kill Shimei. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I will have a soldier kill you”\n
2:8 nzg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 The word **sword** represents any sword, not one particular sword. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “with a sword” or “by using a sword”\n
2:9 tvd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כִּ֛י 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of how Solomon should treat Shimei. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a further explanation, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” or “Here is what I mean:”
2:9 wrv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ⁠הוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ בְּ⁠דָ֖ם שְׁאֽוֹל 1 David is referring to Shimei’s death in a polite way by referring to going down to **Sheol**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall cause his gray hair to pass away with blood” or “And you shall cause his gray hair to experience death with blood”\n
2:9 kbd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ 1 Here, **gray hair** represents an old person who has gray hair. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall cause him, when he is old, to go down” or “And you shall cause that old man to go down”
2:9 y00e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠דָ֖ם 1 Here, **blood** represents violence, specifically a violent death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in a violent way” or “by execution”
2:10 rlu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וַ⁠יִּשְׁכַּ֥ב דָּוִ֖ד עִם־אֲבֹתָ֑י⁠ו 1 The author is referring to David’s death in a polite way by using the phrase **lay down with his fathers**, which refers to being buried near one’s ancestors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “And David passed away” or “And David completed his life”\n
2:10 h7jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּקָּבֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “and they buried him”
2:10 abv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠עִ֥יר דָּוִֽד 1 Here, the phrase **the city of David** refers to a specific area within the southeastern part of the city of Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “in Jerusalem, in the section called the city of David”
2:11 ytyn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָלַ֤ךְ דָּוִד֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה בְּ⁠חֶבְר֤וֹן מָלַךְ֙ שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֔ים וּ⁠בִ⁠ירוּשָׁלִַ֣ם מָלַ֔ךְ שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠שָׁלֹ֖שׁ שָׁנִֽים 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could give the smaller numbers first and then state the total. Alternate translation: “David reigned in Hebron seven years, and he reigned in Jerusalem 33 years. So, all the days that David reigned over Israel {were} 40 years”
2:11 f3w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָלַ֤ךְ דָּוִד֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה 1 Here, the word **days** refers to any period of time, not just to a period of a few days. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the length of time that David reigned over Israel was 40 years” or “And David reigned over Israel for 40 years”
2:12 nhg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction יָשַׁ֕ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֖א דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֑י⁠ו 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “sat on the throne to rule after David his father” or “sat on the throne of David his father as king”\n
2:12 p55b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠תִּכֹּ֥ן מַלְכֻת֖⁠וֹ מְאֹֽד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate: (1) that it was God. Alternate translation: “and God established his kingdom very much” (2) that it was Solomon himself. Alternate translation: “and Solomon established his kingdom very much”
2:13 crhz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names חַגֵּ֗ית 1 The word **Haggith** is the name of a woman. She was one of David’s wives.
2:13 mvhu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֞א אֲדֹנִיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־חַגֵּ֗ית 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And Adonijah the son of Haggith went”
2:13 edr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הֲ⁠שָׁל֣וֹם בֹּאֶ֑⁠ךָ & שָׁלֽוֹם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Is your coming peaceful … It is peaceful” or “Are you coming peacefully … I am coming peacefully”
2:14 goip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דָּבָ֥ר לִ֖⁠י אֵלָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 Here, **word** represents something that Adonijah wants to say using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “There is something that I want to say to you” or “I have a matter that I wish to speak to you about”
2:15 l6zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אַ֤תְּ יָדַ֨עַתְּ֙ 1 Adonijah uses the word **yourself** to emphasize that Bathsheba knows what he is about to say. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “As for you, you know”
2:15 jbz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠עָלַ֞⁠י שָׂ֧מוּ כָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל פְּנֵי⁠הֶ֖ם לִ⁠מְלֹ֑ךְ 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if **all Israel** had turned **their faces** toward him, expecting and even wanting him **to reign**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and all Israel was expecting me to reign” or “and all Israel assumed that I would reign”
2:15 c7ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole כָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל 1 Adonijah says **all** here as an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “the majority of Israel”
2:15 zv37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַ⁠תִּסֹּ֤ב הַ⁠מְּלוּכָה֙ וַ⁠תְּהִ֣י לְ⁠אָחִ֔⁠י 1 Here, Adonijah speaks of **the kingship** as if it were a person who could have **turned around** and been **for** his brother. He means that the situation changed, and Solomon was the one who received the kingdom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But the situation changed, and the kingdom was for my brother” or “But, despite what I expected, the kingdom was for my brother”
2:15 lxrz מֵ⁠יְהוָ֖ה הָ֥יְתָה לּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave it to him” or “Yahweh designated it for him”
2:16 lg4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שְׁאֵלָ֤ה אַחַת֙ אָֽנֹכִי֙ שֹׁאֵ֣ל מֵֽ⁠אִתָּ֔⁠ךְ 1 Here, **requesting one request** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am making one request of you”
2:16 ceu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תָּשִׁ֖בִי אֶת־פָּנָ֑⁠י 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if Bathsheba might physically **turn back** his **face**. He means that she might reject his request and shame him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not shame me by rejecting me” or “do not say no to what I request”
2:17 wyej rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אִמְרִי־נָא֙ לִ⁠שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֥י לֹֽא־יָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Solomon the king will not turn back your face, so please speak to him”
2:17 yj4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־יָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if he is confident that Solomon will not physically **turn back** Bathsheba’s **face**. He means that he is sure that Solomon will not reject her request nor shame her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will not shame you by rejecting you” or “he will not say no to what you request”
2:17 k5fq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲבִישַׁ֥ג 1 The word **Abishag** is the name of a woman.\n
2:17 flbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַ⁠שּׁוּנַמִּ֖ית 1 The word **Shunammite** refers to someone who is from the town of Shunem, which was in the hill country to the southwest of the Sea of Galilee. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer more directly to the town of Shunem. See how you translated this word in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “from Shunem”\n
2:18 j4n6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ט֑וֹב 1 Here, the word **Good** indicates that Bathsheba agrees that Adonijah’s request is appropriate and that she will ask the king about it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Okay” or “I think that is appropriate;”
2:18 up59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אָנֹכִ֕י אֲדַבֵּ֥ר 1 Bathsheba uses the word **myself** to emphasize that she is the one who **speak** to the king. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am the one who will speak”
2:19 u8x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠תָּבֹ֤א בַת־שֶׁ֨בַע֙ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And Bathsheba went”
2:19 taa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֣חוּ לָ֗⁠הּ 1 In Bathsheba’s culture, when people **prostrated** themselves to someone else, they were honoring and respecting that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “and he prostrated himself to her in respect” or “and he prostrated himself to honor her”\n
2:19 hdv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יָּ֤שֶׂם כִּסֵּא֙ 1 Here the author implies that Solomon told some of his servants or attendants to **set** the **throne** at his right side. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “And he told his servants to set a throne”
2:19 xwh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠אֵ֣ם הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ 1 Here the author assumes that his readers will know that **the mother of the king** is Bathsheba. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “for Bathsheba, the mother of the king”
2:19 sxlc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִֽ⁠ימִינֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, the phrases **to his right hand** refers to the place next to Solomon’s right hand, which would be the right side. In the Bathsheba’s culture, this side were associated with honor or authority. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to the “right side.” Be sure that your readers understand that this side indicates that Bathsheba has honor and authority when she sits there. Alternate translation: “on the side to his right” or “in the honorable place at his right side”\n
2:20 t2uf rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שְׁאֵלָ֨ה אַחַ֤ת קְטַנָּה֙ אָֽנֹכִי֙ שֹׁאֶ֣לֶת מֵֽ⁠אִתָּ֔⁠ךְ 1 Here, **One small request I am requesting** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. See how you translated the similar form in [2:16](../02/16.md). Alternate translation: “I am making one small request of you”
2:20 z967 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תָּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־פָּנָ֑⁠י & לֹֽא־אָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָֽיִ⁠ךְ 1 Here Bathsheba and Solomon speaks as if Solomon could physically **turn back** Bathsheba’s face. They mean Solomon could choose to reject her request and shame her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar figure of speech in [2:16](../02/16.md). Alternate translation: “do not shame me by rejecting me … I will not shame you by rejecting you” or “do not say no to what I request … I will not say no to what you request”\n
2:20 ma44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שַׁאֲלִ֣י אִמִּ֔⁠י כִּ֥י לֹֽא־אָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָֽיִ⁠ךְ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “I will not turn back your face, so request, my mother”
2:21 h2tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֻתַּ֖ן אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֣ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּ֑ית 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who would do the action, it is clear from the context that it would be Solomon. Alternate translation: “Give Abishag the Shunammite”
2:21 hu72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֣ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּ֑ית 1 The phrase **Abishag the Shunammite** is the name of a woman who was from the town of Shunem. See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md).
2:22 b025 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּעַן֩ הַ⁠מֶּ֨לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר לְ⁠אִמּ֗⁠וֹ 1 The two words **answered** and **said** express a single idea. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this idea in a different way. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon answered by saying to his mother” or “And the king Solomon responded to his mother”\n
2:22 d8bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְ⁠לָ⁠מָה֩ אַ֨תְּ שֹׁאֶ֜לֶת אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּית֙ לַ⁠אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ 1 Solomon is using the question form to rebuke Bathsheba. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I am not pleased that you are requesting Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah.” or “No longer request Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah!”
2:22 ppkp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּית֙ 1 The phrase **Abishag the Shunammite** is the name of a woman who was from the town of Shunem. See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md).
2:22 vot7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠שַֽׁאֲלִי־ל⁠וֹ֙ אֶת־הַ⁠מְּלוּכָ֔ה כִּ֛י ה֥וּא אָחִ֖⁠י הַ⁠גָּד֣וֹל מִמֶּ֑⁠נִּי וְ⁠ל⁠וֹ֙ וּ⁠לְ⁠אֶבְיָתָ֣ר הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֔ן וּ⁠לְ⁠יוֹאָ֖ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָֽה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes, and the third clause gives more information about what the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Then, since he is my brother, older than I, request for him the kingship, for him and for Abiathar the priest and for Joab the son of Zeruiah”
2:22 esed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony וְ⁠שַֽׁאֲלִי־ל⁠וֹ֙ אֶת־הַ⁠מְּלוּכָ֔ה 1 Here Solomon commands the opposite of what he wants in order to make a point. He means that asking him to allow Adonijah to marry Abishag is like asking him to give **the kingdom** to Adonijah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You are really requesting for him the kingdom” or “You might as well request for him the kingdom”\n
2:22 ebii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ה֥וּא אָחִ֖⁠י הַ⁠גָּד֣וֹל מִמֶּ֑⁠נִּי 1 In Solomon’s culture, the oldest son of a king was usually the son who became the next king. Solomon is implying that Adonijah is already older than him, so if he married one of David’s closest attendants, he would have an even stronger claim to be the real king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “he already has a claim to be king because he is my brother, older than I” or “marrying Abishag would make it even easier for him, as my older brother, to become king”
2:22 duhw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names צְרוּיָֽה 1 The word **Zeruiah** is the name of a woman. She was David’s sister.\n
2:23 zem8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula וַ⁠יִּשָּׁבַע֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 Here Solomon swears an oath **by Yahweh**. Use a natural way in your language to introduce an oath. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon swore before Yahweh” or “And the king Solomon solemnly promised Yahweh”\n
2:23 mr9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
2:23 sfd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula כֹּ֣ה יַֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤⁠י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְ⁠כֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ דִּבֶּר֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here Solomon asks God to **do** bad things to him, and to **add** even more bad things, if what he is about to say is not true. He only states what is true about Adonijah, but he implies that the oath will apply if what he says is not true. Use a natural way in your language to express an oath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include the implied part of the oath. Alternate translation: “Thus may God do evil to me, and thus may he add even more evil, if it is not true that by his life Adonijah has spoken this word” or “May God cause very many bad things to happen to me unless by his life Adonijah has spoken this word”\n
2:23 ynb5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ דִּבֶּר֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here, the phrase **by his life** could indicate that: (1) Adonijah risked his life by asking to marry Abishag. Alternate translation: “Adonijah has risked his life by speaking this word” (2) Adonijah would die for asking to marry Abishag. Alternate translation: “Adonijah will die for speaking this word”
2:23 fml4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **life**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by how he lives”
2:23 yol6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here, **word** represents what Adonijah asked using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “this request”
2:24 qn96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula חַי־יְהוָה֙ 1 Here Solomon makes an oath that he will do what he promises at the end of this verse. He is indicating that people can rely on his promise as much as they can rely on the fact that **Yahweh** is **alive**. Use a natural way in your language to express this kind of oath. Alternate translation: “as certainly as Yahweh is alive” or “you can be as confident about this as you are that Yahweh is alive”
2:24 ac1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיּֽוֹשִׁיבַ֙נִי֙ עַל־כִּסֵּא֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “and caused me to sit on the throne to rule after David my father” or “and caused me to sit on the throne of David my father as king”\n
2:24 k151 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עָֽשָׂה־לִ֛⁠י בַּ֖יִת 1 Here, **house** represents represents Solomon’s descendants, who will reign as kings after him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “has made for me a dynasty” or “has caused my offspring to be kings after me”
2:24 db8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כִּ֣י 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “I declare that” or “I swear that”\n
2:24 udei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יוּמַ֖ת אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that Solomon would command his servants or soldiers to do it. Alternate translation: “I will tell my soldiers to kill Adonijah”
2:25 eqm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠יִּשְׁלַח֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בְּ⁠יַ֖ד בְּנָיָ֣הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע 1 Here, **hand** represents what a person does. In this case, Solomon **sent** Benaiah to act for him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon sent Benaiah the son of Jehoiada to act for him” or “And the king Solomon told Benaiah the son of Jehoiada what to do”
2:25 kqax rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וַ⁠יָּמֹֽת 1 Here, the word **and** introduces what happened as a result of Benaiah attacking Adonijah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that he died” or “and as a result, he died”
2:26 jlcx rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result עֲנָתֹת֙ לֵ֣ךְ עַל־שָׂדֶ֔י⁠ךָ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת אָ֑תָּה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the command that the first clause gives. Alternate translation: “Because you are a man of death, go to Anathoth, to your fields”
2:26 w4ap rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֵ֣ךְ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Come” instead of **Go**. Alternate translation: “Come”
2:26 kb4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עֲנָתֹת֙ 1 The word **Anathoth** is the name of a town close to Jerusalem, to the northeast.
2:26 lzrg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** who deserves **death**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are a man who deserves death”
2:26 h1qm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **death**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are a man who should die”
2:26 ecby rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠בַ⁠יּ֨וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֜ה לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗⁠ךָ כִּֽי־נָשָׂ֜אתָ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֲדֹנָ֤⁠י יְהֹוִה֙ לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י וְ⁠כִ֣י הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ בְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה אָבִֽ⁠י 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second and third clauses give reasons for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “but because you lifted the box of the Lord Yahweh to the face of David my father, and because you were afflicted with all that my father was afflicted, on this day I will not kill you”
2:26 y9tr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗⁠ךָ 1 Here Solomon implies that he will not have one of his soldiers kill Abiathar. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I will not have a soldier kill you”\n
2:26 pxj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נָשָׂ֜אתָ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֲדֹנָ֤⁠י יְהֹוִה֙ לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י 1 Here Solomon means that Abiathar was the leading priest for **David**, and he was responsible for **the box of the Lord Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “you were the priest who was responsible for the box of the Lord Yahweh for David my father”
2:26 xm7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ בְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה אָבִֽ⁠י 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “you experienced all the affliction that my father experienced” or “people afflicted you with all that they afflicted my father with”
2:27 q79l rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְ⁠מַלֵּא֙ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה 1 Here, the phrase **to fulfill** introduces a result from Solomon’s action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that the word of Yahweh was fulfilled” or “with the result that the word of Yahweh was fulfilled”
2:27 pkk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה 1 Here, **word** represents what **Yahweh** said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the message from Yahweh” or “what Yahweh had declared”
2:27 hzt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל־בֵּ֥ית עֵלִ֖י בְּ⁠שִׁלֹֽה 1 Here the author assumes that his audience will know that **Abiathar** was a descendant of **Eli**, who was a priest many years before Solomon was born. The author is referring to how God sent a prophet to **Eli** to tell him that his descendants would someday no longer be priests. You can read what the prophet said in [1 Samuel 2:27–36](../1sa/02/27.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make some or all of this information more explicit, or you could include this information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “at Shiloh about how there would no longer be priests from the house of Eli, from whom Abiathar was descended”
2:27 ejnw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֥ית עֵלִ֖י 1 Here, **house** represents the family and descendants of **Eli**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the offspring of Eli” or “Eli’s family”
2:28 vbx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁמֻעָה֙ בָּ֣אָה עַד־יוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֣י יוֹאָ֗ב נָטָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לֹ֣א נָטָ֑ה וַ⁠יָּ֤נָס יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֔ה וַֽ⁠יַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּ⁠קַרְנ֥וֹת הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 Here, the statement **for Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom** could indicate the reason: (1) why Joab behaved as he did when he heard the report. Alternate translation: “And the report came as far as Joab. Then, because Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom, Joab fled to the tent of Yahweh and he grasped the horns of the altar” (2) why gave **the report** to Joab. Alternate translation: “And, because Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom, the report came as far as Joab. And Joab fled to the tent of Yahweh and he grasped the horns of the altar”
2:28 bnc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁמֻעָה֙ בָּ֣אָה עַד־יוֹאָ֔ב 1 Here, the author speaks of **the report** as if it were a person who could come **as far as Joab**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the report was heard by Joab” or “And Joab heard the report”
2:28 td8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יוֹאָ֗ב נָטָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לֹ֣א נָטָ֑ה 1 Here the author speaks of supporting and serving someone as king as if it were turning aside after that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Joab had followed Adonijah, but he had not followed Absalom” or “Joab had served Adonijah, but he had not served Absalom”
2:28 zpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַֽ⁠יַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּ⁠קַרְנ֥וֹת הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 In Joab’s culture, people who **grasped the horns of the altar** were considered to be protected by God and would not be taken away and punished unless someone could prove that they had really done something wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. See how you translated the similar clause in [1:50](../01/50.md). Alternate translation: “and he grasped the horns of the altar for protection” or “and he grasped the horns of the altar to keep himself safe”\n
2:29 t39e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֻּגַּ֞ד לַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “And a person told the king”\n
2:29 fbft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה כִּ֣י נָ֤ס יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה אֵ֣צֶל הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “Solomon, ‘Joab has fled to teh tent of Yahweh, and behold, he is beside the altar.’”
2:29 l51w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה אֵ֣צֶל הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וַ⁠יִּשְׁלַ֨ח שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה 1 Some translations include some additional material about what happened between when Solomon learned where Joab had fled and when he commanded Benaiah to attack Joab. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, and if it includes this additional material, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
2:29 xe4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the king and asks him to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks someone to listen, or you could use a different form that draws a person’s attention. Alternate translation: “and picture this” or “and listen”\n
2:29 oeec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations אֶת־בְּנָיָ֧הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֛ע לֵ⁠אמֹ֖ר לֵ֥ךְ פְּגַע־בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “Benaiah the son of Jehoiada to go and attack him”
2:29 pb71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֖ר 1 If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he told him”
2:29 xgq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֵ֥ךְ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Come” instead of **Go**. Alternate translation: “Come”
2:30 pk4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֨א בְנָיָ֜הוּ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of **went**. Alternate translation: “And Benaiah came”
2:30 wzxf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הַ⁠מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ צֵ֔א 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “The king says that you must come out!”
2:30 yzgo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go צֵ֔א 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Go” instead of **Come**. Alternate translation: “Go out”
2:30 f7df rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֖א כִּ֣י פֹ֣ה אָמ֑וּת 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Here I will die, so no”
2:30 hiwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠יָּ֨שֶׁב בְּנָיָ֤הוּ & דָּבָ֣ר 1 Here, **word** represents what Benaiah said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Benaiah brought back a message” or “And Benaiah sent back a message”
2:30 u598 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
2:30 wyk9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet כֹּֽה־דִבֶּ֥ר יוֹאָ֖ב וְ⁠כֹ֥ה עָנָֽ⁠נִי 1 The terms **Thus Joab has spoken** and **thus he answered me** mean similar things. Benaiah is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Thus Joab answered me”
2:30 hgow rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כֹּֽה־דִבֶּ֥ר יוֹאָ֖ב וְ⁠כֹ֥ה עָנָֽ⁠נִי 1 Here, the words **Thus** and **thus** refer to what Joab said without repeating all the words he said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Joab has spoken these words, and with these words he answered me” or “Joab told me that he would not come out and that he would die there”
2:31 qfpl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠הֲסִירֹ֣תָ ׀ דְּמֵ֣י חִנָּ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁפַ֣ךְ יוֹאָ֔ב מֵ⁠עָלַ֕⁠י וּ⁠מֵ⁠עַ֖ל בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽ⁠י 1 Here Solomon speaks as if the **bloodshed** that Joab committed were a liquid that he had **poured out** on Solomon and **the house** of his father David, and he speaks as if killing Joab will **remove** this liquid from them. He means that the **bloodshed** that Joab committed causes Solomon and **the house** of his father David to be guilty, and that killing Joab will cause them no longer to be guilty. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you will cleanse me and the house of my father from the bloodshed without cause with which Joab stained us” or “and you will take away from me and from the house of my father the guilt of the bloodshed without cause that Joab caused”
2:31 qdz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וַ⁠הֲסִירֹ֣תָ 1 Here, the word **and** introduces what will happen as a result of Benaiah killing and burying Joab. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that you will remove” or “and so you will remove”
2:31 sj9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽ⁠י 1 Here, **house** represents David’s family and descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the relatives of my father” or “the descendants of my father”
2:31 hhmu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom דְּמֵ֣י חִנָּ֗ם 1 Here, the phrase **without cause** indicates that the people Joab killed did not deserve to die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the bloodshed of innocent people” or “the unjust bloodshed”
2:32 uk13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy May Yahweh return his blood on his own head 1 The word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2:32 n2gh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet more righteous and better 1 These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab.
2:33 qiy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendants 1 The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “blood return on the head of” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
128 1:27 pruw אִ֗ם מֵ⁠אֵת֙ אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ נִהְיָ֖ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה וְ⁠לֹ֤א הוֹדַ֨עְתָּ֙ אֶֽת־עבדי⁠ך מִ֗י יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 This sentence could be translated: (1) in question form. See the UST. (2) in conditional form. Alternate translation: “If this matter has been done from with my lord the king, then you have not caused your servants to know who will sit on the throne of my lord the king after him.”
129 1:27 pvgk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive מֵ⁠אֵת֙ אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ נִהְיָ֖ה הַ⁠דָּבָ֣ר הַ⁠זֶּ֑ה 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my lord the king done this matter”
130 1:27 b3wq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person אֲדֹנִ֣⁠י הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ & אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 Here Nathan addresses King David in the third person as a sign of respect. If this would not be natural in your language, you could use the second-person form and indicate the respect in another way. Alternate translation: “you, my lord the king, … you, my lord the king, after you”\n
131 1:27 ckp4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants אֶֽת־עבדי⁠ך 1 Jewish scribes instructed synagogue readers to say “servant” when they got to the word translated **servants**. In that case, the word refers only to Joab. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
132 1:27 s1tl rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ⁠י־הַ⁠מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי⁠ו 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “will sit on the throne of my lord the king to rule after him” or “will sit on the throne of my lord the king as king after him”\n
133 1:28 vs19 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּ֨עַן הַ⁠מֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 The two words **answered** and **said** express a single idea. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this idea in a different way. Alternate translation: “And the king David answered him by saying” or “And the king David said”
134 1:28 dkzb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יֹּ֔אמֶר 1 Here, the author implies that **David** spoke to some of his servants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “and said to some of his attendants”
251 1:53 fvvo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֕א 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And he went”
252 1:53 q66p rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה 1 In Solomon’s culture, when people **prostrated** themselves to someone else, they were honoring and respecting that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “and prostrated himself to the king Solomon in respect” or “and prostrated himself to honor the king Solomon”
253 2:intro nsa1 0 # 1 Kings 2 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nThis chapter has two stories: David’s last advice to Solomon and Solomon’s punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/curse]])\n\n## Special concepts in this chapter\n\n### Exalting oneself\n\nExalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: [[rc://*/tw/dict/bible/kt/exalt]])\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Euphemism\n\nDavid spoke of his impending death using a euphemism: “I am going the way of all the earth.” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])\n\n## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nDavid wanted to emphasize the importance of obeying God to his son Solomon. He used parallelism, saying the same thing seven times using different words: “Keep the commands of Yahweh your God to walk in his ways, to obey his statutes, his commandments, his decisions, and his covenant decrees, being careful to do what is written in the law of Moses.” Some languages have other ways of emphasizing an idea. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
254 2:2 2:1 v679 ia4n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom I am going the way of all the earth וַ⁠יִּקְרְב֥וּ יְמֵֽי־דָוִ֖ד לָ⁠מ֑וּת 1 This is a polite way of saying “I am going to die.” Here the author indicates that David was going to die very soon, and he implies that David knew it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the time of David’s death was near” or “And David knew that he was about to die”
255 2:2 2:1 n19l brjt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations show yourself a man לֵ⁠אמֹֽר 1 The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: “show everyone that you are a man” or “live so that everyone can see you are a good man” Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and this is what he said:”
256 2:3 2:2 z9rt v679 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism walk in his ways אָנֹכִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ בְּ⁠דֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָ⁠אָ֑רֶץ 1 Walking on a path is a metonym for the way a person lives. Alternate translation: “live the way he commands” David is referring to his own death in a polite way by using the phrase **I {am} going in the way of all the earth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “I am going to pass away soon” or “I will soon experience death”
257 2:3 2:2 dd23 aqlc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet so you may prosper וְ⁠חָזַקְתָּ֖ וְ⁠הָיִ֥יתָֽ לְ⁠אִֽישׁ 1 Alternate translation: “so you may succeed” or “so you may do well” The clauses **you shall be strong** and **you shall become a man** mean similar things. David is using the two clauses together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “And you shall be very strong” or “And you shall act like a man”
258 2:4 2:2 rt48 f68k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor may fulfill his word וְ⁠חָזַקְתָּ֖ 1 Alternate translation: “do everything he promised he would do” Here David speaks as if he wants Solomon to be physically **strong**. He means that he wants Solomon to be bold and brave. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall have courage” or “And you shall be brave”
259 2:4 2:2 dul9 n19l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom If your sons … you will never cease וְ⁠הָיִ֥יתָֽ לְ⁠אִֽישׁ 1 Yahweh is talking to David, so the words “you” and “your” refer to David. Here, the phrase **become a man** indicates that David wants Solomon to be courageous and confident. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall become stouthearted” or “and you shall become confident”
260 2:4 2:3 zt1t raca rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry to walk before me faithfully וְ⁠שָׁמַרְתָּ֞ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 Yahweh is talking to David, so the word “me” refers to Yahweh. Here, **keep the keeping** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “and you shall carefully fulfill your obligation to Yahweh your God”\n
261 2:4 2:3 m9j1 qur0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession with all their heart and with all their soul אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת ׀ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 The idiom “with all … heart” means “completely” and “with all … soul” means “with all … being.” These two phrases have similar meanings. Alternate translation: “with all their being” or “with all their energy” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) Here, David is using the possessive form to describe **keeping** that is required by **Yahweh your God**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh your God requires you to keep:”
262 2:4 2:3 j114 k77e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit you will never cease to have a man on the throne of Israel יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗י⁠ךָ 1 The word “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes “will never cease to have” can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel” or “one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]]) Here David emphasizes that **Yahweh** is Solomon’s **God**, but he implies that **Yahweh** is his **God** as well. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your God and mine,”\n
263 2:5 2:3 vc4k z9rt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor what Joab … did to me, and what he did לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת בִּ⁠דְרָכָי⁠ו֙ 1 David is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did” David speaks of obeying God as if it were walking in God‘s **ways**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “to act as he desires” or “to live your life in the way that he wishes”
264 2:5 2:3 dfd6 dgdh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet shed the blood of war in peace חֻקֹּתָ֤י⁠ו מִצְוֺתָי⁠ו֙ וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּטָ֣י⁠ו וְ⁠עֵדְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו 1 This could mean: (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war” The terms **statutes**, **commandments**, **judgments**, and **testimonies** mean similar things. David is using these four terms together to refer to every kind of command and requirement that God has given. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use one, two, or three terms that together refer to every command that God has given. Alternate translation: “his commandments and his judgments and his requirements” or “all his commandments”
265 2:5 2:3 x43i pppa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feet חֻקֹּתָ֤י⁠ו מִצְוֺתָי⁠ו֙ וּ⁠מִשְׁפָּטָ֣י⁠ו וְ⁠עֵדְוֺתָ֔י⁠ו 1 This could mean: (1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or (2) the word “blood” is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab’s authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally. If your language does not use abstract nouns for some or all of the ideas in this list, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “what he has required, commanded, decided, and testified to”
266 2:6 2:3 hm11 o111 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peace כַּ⁠כָּת֖וּב בְּ⁠תוֹרַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֑ה 1 Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a “gray head.” Alternate translation: “make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old” If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject or indicate that **Moses** did it. Alternate translation: “as people wrote in the law of Moses”
267 2:7 2:3 p85c dd23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo Barzillai כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּפְנֶ֖ה שָֽׁם 1 a man’s name The expression **everywhere that you turn there** contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “everywhere you turn”\n
268 2:7 2:4 tcu5 rt48 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor let them be among those who eat at your table יָקִ֨ים יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־דְּבָר֗⁠וֹ 1 The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home” Here David speaks as if Yahweh’s **word** were an object that Yahweh could cause **to stand**. He means that Yahweh will do what he said in **his word**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may establish his word” or “Yahweh may fulfill his word”
269 2:8 2:4 l8ys o4i3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Shimei … Gera אֶת־דְּבָר֗⁠וֹ 1 men’s names Here, **word** represents what Yahweh said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what he said”
270 2:8 2:4 ec5k au8l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes Benjamite לֵ⁠אמֹר֒ אִם־יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗⁠ם לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת לְ⁠פָנַ⁠י֙ בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֔ת בְּ⁠כָל־לְבָבָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם לֵ⁠אמֹ֕ר לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת לְ⁠ךָ֙ אִ֔ישׁ מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 descendant of Benjamin If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that, if my sons keep their way, to walk to Yahweh’s face in truth with all their heart and with all their soul, then a man for me will not be cut off from on the throne of Israel.”
271 2:8 2:4 r5e7 vbsq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations Bahurim … Mahanaim לֵ⁠אמֹר֒ & לֵ⁠אמֹ֕ר 1 place names If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. David repeats the word **saying** to emphasize that Yahweh said these words. Consider how you might express this emphasis in your language. Alternate translation: “when he himself said … and then he added”
272 2:9 2:4 tvd1 zt1t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor do not let him go free from punishment יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗⁠ם לָ⁠לֶ֤כֶת לְ⁠פָנַ⁠י֙ 1 This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him” Yahweh speaks of obeying him as if it were keeping a **way** and as if it were walking before his **face**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your sons will continue to obey, doing what I desire” or “your sons continue to live their lives in the ways that I wish”
273 2:9 2:4 wrv9 o789 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche bring his gray head down to the grave with blood בָנֶ֜י⁠ךָ 1 Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) Yahweh is using **sons** to represent David’s descendants in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your culture or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “your offspring” or “the people descended from you”
274 2:10 2:4 rlu4 pe8i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns slept with his ancestors בֶּ⁠אֱמֶ֔ת 1 David dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **trust**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in a trustworthy way” or “sincerely”
275 2:10 2:4 h7jt m9j1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy David … and was buried בְּ⁠כָל־לְבָבָ֖⁠ם וּ⁠בְ⁠כָל־נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “David … and they buried him” In David’s culture, the **heart** is the place where humans think and feel, and the **soul** represents a person’s life with special focus on that person’s identity and actions. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **heart** and **soul** by referring to the part of the body where humans do and experience these things in your culture or by expressing the ideas plainly. Alternate translation: “in whatever they desire and in whatever they do”
276 2:11 2:4 f3w5 nigt rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns The days that David reigned over Israel were לְבָבָ֖⁠ם & נַפְשָׁ֑⁠ם 1 Alternate translation: “The time that David reigned over Israel was” or “David reigned over Israel for” If it would not be natural in your language to speak as if a group of people had only one **heart** and one **soul**, you could use the plural form of that word in your translation. Alternate translation: “their hearts … their souls”\n
277 2:12 2:4 nhg1 dul9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor sat on the throne of his father David לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת & מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate translation: “became king, as his father David had been” Here Yahweh speaks as if a king were a branch that could be **cut off**. He is referring to how a king could be stopped from reigning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will not be prevented from sitting on the throne of Israel”
278 2:12 2:4 p55b qtik rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes his rule was firmly established לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֤ת & מֵ⁠עַ֖ל 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomon’s rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom” Yahweh is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning, **cut off**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “will certainly continue” or “will most definitely remain on”\n
279 2:13 2:4 edr5 j114 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy peacefully מֵ⁠עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 1 with no desire to cause harm Here, **throne of Israel** represents rule and authority as king over **Israel**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from reigning over Israel” or “from being king of Israel”
280 2:15 2:5 c7ex j6vn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns all Israel אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֡עְתָּ 1 This is a generalization. David uses the word **yourself** to emphasize that Solomon knows what he is about say. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “as for you, you know”
281 2:15 2:5 zv37 cooo rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names things changed צְרוּיָ֗ה 1 Alternate translation: “what we expected to happen did not happen” The word **Zeruiah** is the name of a woman. She was David’s sister.\n
282 2:15 2:5 j26b vc4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit the kingdom was given to my brother אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָ֨שָׂה לִ֜⁠י יוֹאָ֣ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֣ה לִ⁠שְׁנֵֽי־שָׂרֵ֣י 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave the kingdom to my brother” or “my brother became king” Here David could mean that: (1) Joab did bad things to David by doing bad things to the two commanders. Alternate translation: “what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me. I mean what he did to two of the commanders of” (2) Joab did bad things both to David and to the two commanders. Alternate translation: “what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me and also what he did to two of the commanders of”
283 2:16 2:5 ceu4 r4du rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names do not turn away from my face נֵ֜ר וְ⁠לַ⁠עֲמָשָׂ֤א & יֶ֨תֶר֙ 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “do not refuse to do what I request” The words **Ner**, **Amasa**, and **Jether** are the names of men.\n
284 2:17 2:5 yj4w b4pg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns he will not turn away from your face וַ⁠יָּ֥שֶׂם דְּמֵֽי־מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֑ם וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֞ן דְּמֵ֣י מִלְחָמָ֗ה 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate translation: “he will not refuse to do what you request” If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **bloodshed**, **war**, and **peace**, you could express the same ideas in another way. Alternate translation: “And he shed blood during a peaceful time as if it were a time to fight, and when he fought, he shed blood”
285 2:17 2:5 k5fq dfd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor Abishag the Shunammite וַ⁠יָּ֥שֶׂם דְּמֵֽי־מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֑ם 1 See [1 Kings 1:3](../01/03.md). Here David speaks as if **peace** were a container into which Joab **put the bloodshed of war**. He could mean that Joab: (1) killed people during a time of **peace** as if it were a time of **war**. Alternate translation: “And caused bloodshed during peace as if it were war” (2) took revenge during a time of **peace** against people who had killed others during a **war**. Alternate translation: “And he took revenge during peace for bloodshed that occurred in a war”
286 2:19 2:5 taa6 x43i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor The king rose וַ⁠יִּתֵּ֞ן דְּמֵ֣י מִלְחָמָ֗ה בַּ⁠חֲגֹֽרָת⁠וֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּ⁠מָתְנָ֔י⁠ו וּֽ⁠בְ⁠נַעֲל֖⁠וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠רַגְלָֽי⁠ו 1 “The king stood up” from where he was sitting on his throne. Here David speaks as if **bloodshed** were on Joab’s **belt** and **sandal**. He could mean that: (1) Joab is always guilty for what he did, as surely as if his clothes were stained with blood. Alternate translation: “and it is as if killing people were clothing that he always wears” or “and he is always responsible for the bloodshed of war that he has caused” (2) Joab actually spilled blood on his **belt** and **sandal** when he killed Abner and Amasa. Alternate translation: “and he got the blood of the people he killed on his belt, which was on his loins, and on his sandal, which was on his feet”
287 2:19 2:5 hdv2 sr4k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns had a throne brought וּֽ⁠בְ⁠נַעֲל֖⁠וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּ⁠רַגְלָֽי⁠ו 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “told someone to bring a throne” In this verse, the word **sandal** is singular in form, but it refers to both of Joab’s sandals together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “on his sandals, which were on his feet”
288 2:19 2:6 xwh6 qr9o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns the king’s mother כְּ⁠חָכְמָתֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Bathsheba If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **wisdom**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what you consider to be wise”
289 2:20 2:6 z967 dzhg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism you will not turn away from my face … I will not turn away from your face וְ⁠לֹֽא־תוֹרֵ֧ד שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֖ם שְׁאֹֽל 1 Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16](../02/16.md) and [1 Kings 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: “you will not refuse to do what I request … I will not refuse to do what you request” David is referring to Joab’s death in a polite way by referring to going down to **Sheol**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall not let his gray hair pass away in peace” or “and you shall not let his gray hair experience death in peace”\n
290 2:21 2:6 hu72 hm11 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy Let Abishag the Shunammite be given to Adonijah … as his wife וְ⁠לֹֽא־תוֹרֵ֧ד שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Allow Adonijah … to marry Abishag the Shunammite” or “Give Abishag the Shunammite to Adonijah … as his wife” Here, **gray hair** represents an old person who has **gray hair**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you shall not let him live till he is old and can go down” or “and you shall not let him live a long time and then go down”
291 2:22 2:6 d8bh dil0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns Why do you ask … Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah? בְּ⁠שָׁלֹ֖ם 1 King Solomon was angered by his mother’s request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!” If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “in a peaceful way” or “nonviolently”
292 2:23 2:7 zem8 k9ar rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life וְ⁠לִ⁠בְנֵ֨י 1 This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request” Although the term **sons** is masculine, David is using the word in a generic sense that could include both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “And to the descendants of” or “And to the sons and daughters of”
293 2:24 2:7 ac1q p85c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names set me on the throne בַרְזִלַּ֤י 1 The word “throne” refers to Solomon’s authority to rule that was given by Yahweh. The word **Barzillai** is the name of a man.
294 2:24 2:7 k151 y22p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns who has made me a house תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־חֶ֔סֶד 1 Here “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him. If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **faithfulness**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “be faithful” or “be loyal”
295 2:26 2:7 w4ap tcu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy suffered in every way my father suffered שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Abiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king. Here, **table** represents the food and drink that Solomon has and gives to others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “what you supply to them” or “from your own provisions”
296 2:27 2:7 q79l aa0m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor that he might fulfill כֵן֙ קָרְב֣וּ אֵלַ֔⁠י 1 The word “he” refers to King Solomon. Here David speaks as if Barzillai and his children physically **came near** to him. He means that they helped him by bringing him food and drink. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “so they came to my aid” or “that is how they assisted me”
297 2:27 2:7 pkk6 e1jd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy the word of Yahweh מִ⁠פְּנֵ֖י אַבְשָׁל֥וֹם 1 Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh had said” Here, **face** represents the presence of the person whose **face** it is. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “from before Absalom”
298 2:27 2:8 hzt8 x82j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations which he had spoken וְ⁠הִנֵּ֣ה 1 The word “he” refers to Yahweh. Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of Solomon and asks him to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks someone to listen, or you could use a different form that draws someone’s attention. Alternate translation: “Now listen:” or “And pay attention”
299 2:28 2:8 bnc9 l8ys rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names The news came to Joab גֵּרָ֥א 1 Alternate translation: “Joab heard what Solomon did after he had become king” The word **Gera** is the name of a man.
300 2:28 2:8 zpq5 r5e7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names the horns of the altar מִ⁠בַּחֻרִים֒ & מַחֲנָ֑יִם 1 The horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh’s power and protection. The words **Bahurim** and **Mahanaim** are the names of towns. **Bahurim** was near Jerusalem, probably to the northeast. **Mahanaim** was further northeast of Jerusalem, across the Jordan River.
301 2:29 2:8 t39e ec5k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry It was told King Solomon that Joab had fled וְ⁠ה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֨⁠נִי֙ קְלָלָ֣ה נִמְרֶ֔צֶת 1 This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told King Solomon that Joab had fled” Here, **cursed me with a powerful curse** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And he himself cursed me very powerfully” or “And he himself used a forceful curse against me”\n
302 2:31 2:8 sj9u hypy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father’s house the blood that Joab shed without cause וְ⁠ה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֨⁠נִי֙ & וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד 1 Here “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father’s house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason” David uses the word **himself** to emphasize how significant it was that **Shimei** was the one who did these things. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “It was he who cursed me … And it was he who went down”
303 2:8 rg7k rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠י֖וֹם לֶכְתִּ֣⁠י מַחֲנָ֑יִם וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד לִ⁠קְרָאתִ⁠י֙ הַ⁠יַּרְדֵּ֔ן 1 Here David is referring to how he fled from his son Absalom and went to **Mahanaim**, which is when **Shimei** cursed him (see [2 Samuel 16:5–10](../2sa/16/05.md)). Then, David refers to how he returned to Jerusalem after Absalom’s death. When he was about to cross the **Jordan** to go back to Jerusalem, Shimei met him and asked for forgiveness (see [2 Samuel 19:15–23](../2sa/19/15.md)). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make those ideas more explicit or include some extra information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “on of my going to Mahanaim to escape from Absalom. And he himself went down to meet me at the Jordan when I was returning to Jerusalem”
304 2:8 y6mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֶכְתִּ֣⁠י & וְ⁠הֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “coming” and “came” instead of **going** and **went**. Alternate translation: “my coming … And he himself came down”
305 2:8 wtzu rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula וָ⁠אֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע ל֤⁠וֹ בַֽ⁠יהוָה֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 Here David speaks about how he swore an oath **by Yahweh** guaranteeing that he would not kill Shimei. He only states the condition part of the oath, but he implies that he stated that something bad would happen to him if he broke the oath. Use a natural way in your language to express an oath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include the implied part of the oath. Alternate translation: “and I swore before Yahweh to him, saying, ‘May God should punish me if I kill you with the sword’” or “and I solemnly promised Yahweh before him, saying, ‘I will not kill you with the sword’”\n
306 2:8 hf2n rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “saying that I would not kill him with the sword”\n
307 2:8 g5lg rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and I said”\n
308 2:8 oug7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אֲמִֽיתְ⁠ךָ֖ 1 Here David implies that he would have one of his soldiers kill Shimei. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I will have a soldier kill you”\n
309 2:8 nzg7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בֶּ⁠חָֽרֶב 1 The word **sword** represents any sword, not one particular sword. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “with a sword” or “by using a sword”\n
310 2:9 tvd1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases כִּ֛י 1 Here, the word **For** introduces a further explanation of how Solomon should treat Shimei. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a further explanation, or you could leave **For** untranslated. Alternate translation: “Indeed,” or “Here is what I mean:”
311 2:9 wrv9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וְ⁠הוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ בְּ⁠דָ֖ם שְׁאֽוֹל 1 David is referring to Shimei’s death in a polite way by referring to going down to **Sheol**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall cause his gray hair to pass away with blood” or “And you shall cause his gray hair to experience death with blood”\n
312 2:9 kbd6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠הוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛⁠וֹ 1 Here, **gray hair** represents an old person who has gray hair. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall cause him, when he is old, to go down” or “And you shall cause that old man to go down”
313 2:9 y00e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠דָ֖ם 1 Here, **blood** represents violence, specifically a violent death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in a violent way” or “by execution”
314 2:10 rlu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism וַ⁠יִּשְׁכַּ֥ב דָּוִ֖ד עִם־אֲבֹתָ֑י⁠ו 1 The author is referring to David’s death in a polite way by using the phrase **lay down with his fathers**, which refers to being buried near one’s ancestors. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a polite way of referring to this in your language, or you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “And David passed away” or “And David completed his life”\n
315 2:10 h7jt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יִּקָּבֵ֖ר 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “and they buried him”
316 2:10 abv5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠עִ֥יר דָּוִֽד 1 Here, the phrase **the city of David** refers to a specific area within the southeastern part of the city of Jerusalem. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “in Jerusalem, in the section called the city of David”
317 2:11 ytyn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָלַ֤ךְ דָּוִד֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה בְּ⁠חֶבְר֤וֹן מָלַךְ֙ שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֔ים וּ⁠בִ⁠ירוּשָׁלִַ֣ם מָלַ֔ךְ שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠שָׁלֹ֖שׁ שָׁנִֽים 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could give the smaller numbers first and then state the total. Alternate translation: “David reigned in Hebron seven years, and he reigned in Jerusalem 33 years. So, all the days that David reigned over Israel {were} 40 years”
318 2:11 f3w5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠הַ⁠יָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָלַ֤ךְ דָּוִד֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה 1 Here, the word **days** refers to any period of time, not just to a period of a few days. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the length of time that David reigned over Israel was 40 years” or “And David reigned over Israel for 40 years”
319 2:12 nhg1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction יָשַׁ֕ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֖א דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֑י⁠ו 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “sat on the throne to rule after David his father” or “sat on the throne of David his father as king”\n
320 2:12 p55b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠תִּכֹּ֥ן מַלְכֻת֖⁠וֹ מְאֹֽד 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could indicate: (1) that it was God. Alternate translation: “and God established his kingdom very much” (2) that it was Solomon himself. Alternate translation: “and Solomon established his kingdom very much”
321 2:13 crhz rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names חַגֵּ֗ית 1 The word **Haggith** is the name of a woman. She was one of David’s wives.
322 2:13 mvhu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֞א אֲדֹנִיָּ֣הוּ בֶן־חַגֵּ֗ית 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And Adonijah the son of Haggith went”
323 2:13 edr5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns הֲ⁠שָׁל֣וֹם בֹּאֶ֑⁠ךָ & שָׁלֽוֹם 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **peace**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “Is your coming peaceful … It is peaceful” or “Are you coming peacefully … I am coming peacefully”
324 2:14 goip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy דָּבָ֥ר לִ֖⁠י אֵלָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 Here, **word** represents something that Adonijah wants to say using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “There is something that I want to say to you” or “I have a matter that I wish to speak to you about”
325 2:15 l6zs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אַ֤תְּ יָדַ֨עַתְּ֙ 1 Adonijah uses the word **yourself** to emphasize that Bathsheba knows what he is about to say. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this significance. Alternate translation: “As for you, you know”
326 2:15 jbz5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠עָלַ֞⁠י שָׂ֧מוּ כָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל פְּנֵי⁠הֶ֖ם לִ⁠מְלֹ֑ךְ 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if **all Israel** had turned **their faces** toward him, expecting and even wanting him **to reign**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and all Israel was expecting me to reign” or “and all Israel assumed that I would reign”
327 2:15 c7ex rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole כָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל 1 Adonijah says **all** here as an overstatement for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “the majority of Israel”
328 2:15 zv37 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וַ⁠תִּסֹּ֤ב הַ⁠מְּלוּכָה֙ וַ⁠תְּהִ֣י לְ⁠אָחִ֔⁠י 1 Here, Adonijah speaks of **the kingship** as if it were a person who could have **turned around** and been **for** his brother. He means that the situation changed, and Solomon was the one who received the kingdom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “But the situation changed, and the kingdom was for my brother” or “But, despite what I expected, the kingdom was for my brother”
329 2:15 lxrz מֵ⁠יְהוָ֖ה הָ֥יְתָה לּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave it to him” or “Yahweh designated it for him”
330 2:16 lg4v rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שְׁאֵלָ֤ה אַחַת֙ אָֽנֹכִי֙ שֹׁאֵ֣ל מֵֽ⁠אִתָּ֔⁠ךְ 1 Here, **requesting one request** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am making one request of you”
331 2:16 ceu4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תָּשִׁ֖בִי אֶת־פָּנָ֑⁠י 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if Bathsheba might physically **turn back** his **face**. He means that she might reject his request and shame him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “do not shame me by rejecting me” or “do not say no to what I request”
332 2:17 wyej rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result אִמְרִי־נָא֙ לִ⁠שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֥י לֹֽא־יָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Solomon the king will not turn back your face, so please speak to him”
333 2:17 yj4w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לֹֽא־יָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָ֑יִ⁠ךְ 1 Here Adonijah speaks as if he is confident that Solomon will not physically **turn back** Bathsheba’s **face**. He means that he is sure that Solomon will not reject her request nor shame her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will not shame you by rejecting you” or “he will not say no to what you request”
334 2:17 k5fq rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֲבִישַׁ֥ג 1 The word **Abishag** is the name of a woman.\n
335 2:17 flbb rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names הַ⁠שּׁוּנַמִּ֖ית 1 The word **Shunammite** refers to someone who is from the town of Shunem, which was in the hill country to the southwest of the Sea of Galilee. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer more directly to the town of Shunem. See how you translated this word in [1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “from Shunem”\n
336 2:18 j4n6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom ט֑וֹב 1 Here, the word **Good** indicates that Bathsheba agrees that Adonijah’s request is appropriate and that she will ask the king about it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Okay” or “I think that is appropriate;”
337 2:18 up59 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns אָנֹכִ֕י אֲדַבֵּ֥ר 1 Bathsheba uses the word **myself** to emphasize that she is the one who **speak** to the king. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “I am the one who will speak”
338 2:19 u8x9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠תָּבֹ֤א בַת־שֶׁ֨בַע֙ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “went” instead of **came**. Alternate translation: “And Bathsheba went”
339 2:19 taa6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַ⁠יִּשְׁתַּ֣חוּ לָ֗⁠הּ 1 In Bathsheba’s culture, when people **prostrated** themselves to someone else, they were honoring and respecting that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. Alternate translation: “and he prostrated himself to her in respect” or “and he prostrated himself to honor her”\n
340 2:19 hdv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַ⁠יָּ֤שֶׂם כִּסֵּא֙ 1 Here the author implies that Solomon told some of his servants or attendants to **set** the **throne** at his right side. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “And he told his servants to set a throne”
341 2:19 xwh6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠אֵ֣ם הַ⁠מֶּ֔לֶךְ 1 Here the author assumes that his readers will know that **the mother of the king** is Bathsheba. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “for Bathsheba, the mother of the king”
342 2:19 sxlc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִֽ⁠ימִינֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, the phrases **to his right hand** refers to the place next to Solomon’s right hand, which would be the right side. In the Bathsheba’s culture, this side were associated with honor or authority. If it would be helpful in your language, you could refer to the “right side.” Be sure that your readers understand that this side indicates that Bathsheba has honor and authority when she sits there. Alternate translation: “on the side to his right” or “in the honorable place at his right side”\n
343 2:20 t2uf rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry שְׁאֵלָ֨ה אַחַ֤ת קְטַנָּה֙ אָֽנֹכִי֙ שֹׁאֶ֣לֶת מֵֽ⁠אִתָּ֔⁠ךְ 1 Here, **One small request I am requesting** is an emphatic construction that uses a verb and its object that come from the same root. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis. See how you translated the similar form in [2:16](../02/16.md). Alternate translation: “I am making one small request of you”
344 2:20 z967 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אַל־תָּ֖שֶׁב אֶת־פָּנָ֑⁠י & לֹֽא־אָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָֽיִ⁠ךְ 1 Here Bathsheba and Solomon speaks as if Solomon could physically **turn back** Bathsheba’s face. They mean Solomon could choose to reject her request and shame her. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar figure of speech in [2:16](../02/16.md). Alternate translation: “do not shame me by rejecting me … I will not shame you by rejecting you” or “do not say no to what I request … I will not say no to what you request”\n
345 2:20 ma44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result שַׁאֲלִ֣י אִמִּ֔⁠י כִּ֥י לֹֽא־אָשִׁ֖יב אֶת־פָּנָֽיִ⁠ךְ 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “I will not turn back your face, so request, my mother”
346 2:21 h2tv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יֻתַּ֖ן אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֣ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּ֑ית 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who would do the action, it is clear from the context that it would be Solomon. Alternate translation: “Give Abishag the Shunammite”
347 2:21 hu72 rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֣ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּ֑ית 1 The phrase **Abishag the Shunammite** is the name of a woman who was from the town of Shunem. See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md).
348 2:22 b025 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys וַ⁠יַּעַן֩ הַ⁠מֶּ֨לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה וַ⁠יֹּ֣אמֶר לְ⁠אִמּ֗⁠וֹ 1 The two words **answered** and **said** express a single idea. If it would be more natural in your language, you could express this idea in a different way. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon answered by saying to his mother” or “And the king Solomon responded to his mother”\n
349 2:22 d8bh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion וְ⁠לָ⁠מָה֩ אַ֨תְּ שֹׁאֶ֜לֶת אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּית֙ לַ⁠אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ 1 Solomon is using the question form to rebuke Bathsheba. If you would not use the question form for this purpose in your language, you could translate this as a statement or an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I am not pleased that you are requesting Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah.” or “No longer request Abishag the Shunammite for Adonijah!”
350 2:22 ppkp rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names אֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤ג הַ⁠שֻּׁנַמִּית֙ 1 The phrase **Abishag the Shunammite** is the name of a woman who was from the town of Shunem. See how you translated this phrase in [2:17](../02/17.md).
351 2:22 vot7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠שַֽׁאֲלִי־ל⁠וֹ֙ אֶת־הַ⁠מְּלוּכָ֔ה כִּ֛י ה֥וּא אָחִ֖⁠י הַ⁠גָּד֣וֹל מִמֶּ֑⁠נִּי וְ⁠ל⁠וֹ֙ וּ⁠לְ⁠אֶבְיָתָ֣ר הַ⁠כֹּהֵ֔ן וּ⁠לְ⁠יוֹאָ֖ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָֽה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the result that the first clause describes, and the third clause gives more information about what the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “Then, since he is my brother, older than I, request for him the kingship, for him and for Abiathar the priest and for Joab the son of Zeruiah”
352 2:22 esed rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-irony וְ⁠שַֽׁאֲלִי־ל⁠וֹ֙ אֶת־הַ⁠מְּלוּכָ֔ה 1 Here Solomon commands the opposite of what he wants in order to make a point. He means that asking him to allow Adonijah to marry Abishag is like asking him to give **the kingdom** to Adonijah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “You are really requesting for him the kingdom” or “You might as well request for him the kingdom”\n
353 2:22 ebii rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ה֥וּא אָחִ֖⁠י הַ⁠גָּד֣וֹל מִמֶּ֑⁠נִּי 1 In Solomon’s culture, the oldest son of a king was usually the son who became the next king. Solomon is implying that Adonijah is already older than him, so if he married one of David’s closest attendants, he would have an even stronger claim to be the real king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “he already has a claim to be king because he is my brother, older than I” or “marrying Abishag would make it even easier for him, as my older brother, to become king”
354 2:22 duhw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names צְרוּיָֽה 1 The word **Zeruiah** is the name of a woman. She was David’s sister.\n
355 2:23 zem8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula וַ⁠יִּשָּׁבַע֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בַּֽ⁠יהוָ֖ה 1 Here Solomon swears an oath **by Yahweh**. Use a natural way in your language to introduce an oath. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon swore before Yahweh” or “And the king Solomon solemnly promised Yahweh”\n
356 2:23 mr9m rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֑ר 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
357 2:23 sfd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula כֹּ֣ה יַֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤⁠י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְ⁠כֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ דִּבֶּר֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here Solomon asks God to **do** bad things to him, and to **add** even more bad things, if what he is about to say is not true. He only states what is true about Adonijah, but he implies that the oath will apply if what he says is not true. Use a natural way in your language to express an oath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could include the implied part of the oath. Alternate translation: “Thus may God do evil to me, and thus may he add even more evil, if it is not true that by his life Adonijah has spoken this word” or “May God cause very many bad things to happen to me unless by his life Adonijah has spoken this word”\n
358 2:23 ynb5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ דִּבֶּר֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here, the phrase **by his life** could indicate that: (1) Adonijah risked his life by asking to marry Abishag. Alternate translation: “Adonijah has risked his life by speaking this word” (2) Adonijah would die for asking to marry Abishag. Alternate translation: “Adonijah will die for speaking this word”
359 2:23 fml4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְ⁠נַפְשׁ֔⁠וֹ 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **life**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by how he lives”
360 2:23 yol6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־הַ⁠דָּבָ֖ר הַ⁠זֶּֽה 1 Here, **word** represents what Adonijah asked using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “this request”
361 2:24 qn96 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-oathformula חַי־יְהוָה֙ 1 Here Solomon makes an oath that he will do what he promises at the end of this verse. He is indicating that people can rely on his promise as much as they can rely on the fact that **Yahweh** is **alive**. Use a natural way in your language to express this kind of oath. Alternate translation: “as certainly as Yahweh is alive” or “you can be as confident about this as you are that Yahweh is alive”
362 2:24 ac1q rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction וַיּֽוֹשִׁיבַ֙נִי֙ עַל־כִּסֵּא֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י 1 When a person sits on a **throne**, it indicates that the person has power and rules as king. If it would be helpful in your language, you could explain what this action means. See how you expressed the idea in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “and caused me to sit on the throne to rule after David my father” or “and caused me to sit on the throne of David my father as king”\n
363 2:24 k151 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy עָֽשָׂה־לִ֛⁠י בַּ֖יִת 1 Here, **house** represents represents Solomon’s descendants, who will reign as kings after him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “has made for me a dynasty” or “has caused my offspring to be kings after me”
364 2:24 db8v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כִּ֣י 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “I declare that” or “I swear that”\n
365 2:24 udei rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive יוּמַ֖ת אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, it is clear from the context that Solomon would command his servants or soldiers to do it. Alternate translation: “I will tell my soldiers to kill Adonijah”
366 2:25 eqm9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠יִּשְׁלַח֙ הַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה בְּ⁠יַ֖ד בְּנָיָ֣הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע 1 Here, **hand** represents what a person does. In this case, Solomon **sent** Benaiah to act for him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the king Solomon sent Benaiah the son of Jehoiada to act for him” or “And the king Solomon told Benaiah the son of Jehoiada what to do”
367 2:25 kqax rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וַ⁠יָּמֹֽת 1 Here, the word **and** introduces what happened as a result of Benaiah attacking Adonijah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that he died” or “and as a result, he died”
368 2:26 jlcx rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result עֲנָתֹת֙ לֵ֣ךְ עַל־שָׂדֶ֔י⁠ךָ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת אָ֑תָּה 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second clause gives the reason for the command that the first clause gives. Alternate translation: “Because you are a man of death, go to Anathoth, to your fields”
369 2:26 w4ap rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֵ֣ךְ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Come” instead of **Go**. Alternate translation: “Come”
370 2:26 kb4j rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names עֲנָתֹת֙ 1 The word **Anathoth** is the name of a town close to Jerusalem, to the northeast.
371 2:26 lzrg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **man** who deserves **death**. If this is not clear in your language, you could express the idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are a man who deserves death”
372 2:26 h1qm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִ֥ישׁ מָ֖וֶת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **death**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “are a man who should die”
373 2:26 ecby rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וּ⁠בַ⁠יּ֨וֹם הַ⁠זֶּ֜ה לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗⁠ךָ כִּֽי־נָשָׂ֜אתָ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֲדֹנָ֤⁠י יְהֹוִה֙ לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י וְ⁠כִ֣י הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ בְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה אָבִֽ⁠י 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these clauses, since the second and third clauses give reasons for the result that the first clause describes. Alternate translation: “but because you lifted the box of the Lord Yahweh to the face of David my father, and because you were afflicted with all that my father was afflicted, on this day I will not kill you”
374 2:26 y9tr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א אֲמִיתֶ֗⁠ךָ 1 Here Solomon implies that he will not have one of his soldiers kill Abiathar. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “I will not have a soldier kill you”\n
375 2:26 pxj3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit נָשָׂ֜אתָ אֶת־אֲר֨וֹן אֲדֹנָ֤⁠י יְהֹוִה֙ לִ⁠פְנֵי֙ דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֔⁠י 1 Here Solomon means that Abiathar was the leading priest for **David**, and he was responsible for **the box of the Lord Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. Alternate translation: “you were the priest who was responsible for the box of the Lord Yahweh for David my father”
376 2:26 xm7p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הִתְעַנִּ֔יתָ בְּ⁠כֹ֥ל אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְעַנָּ֖ה אָבִֽ⁠י 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “you experienced all the affliction that my father experienced” or “people afflicted you with all that they afflicted my father with”
377 2:27 q79l rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לְ⁠מַלֵּא֙ אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה 1 Here, the phrase **to fulfill** introduces a result from Solomon’s action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that the word of Yahweh was fulfilled” or “with the result that the word of Yahweh was fulfilled”
378 2:27 pkk6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה 1 Here, **word** represents what **Yahweh** said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the message from Yahweh” or “what Yahweh had declared”
379 2:27 hzt8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit עַל־בֵּ֥ית עֵלִ֖י בְּ⁠שִׁלֹֽה 1 Here the author assumes that his audience will know that **Abiathar** was a descendant of **Eli**, who was a priest many years before Solomon was born. The author is referring to how God sent a prophet to **Eli** to tell him that his descendants would someday no longer be priests. You can read what the prophet said in [1 Samuel 2:27–36](../1sa/02/27.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could make some or all of this information more explicit, or you could include this information in a footnote. Alternate translation: “at Shiloh about how there would no longer be priests from the house of Eli, from whom Abiathar was descended”
380 2:27 ejnw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֥ית עֵלִ֖י 1 Here, **house** represents the family and descendants of **Eli**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the offspring of Eli” or “Eli’s family”
381 2:28 vbx7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁמֻעָה֙ בָּ֣אָה עַד־יוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֣י יוֹאָ֗ב נָטָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לֹ֣א נָטָ֑ה וַ⁠יָּ֤נָס יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֔ה וַֽ⁠יַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּ⁠קַרְנ֥וֹת הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 Here, the statement **for Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom** could indicate the reason: (1) why Joab behaved as he did when he heard the report. Alternate translation: “And the report came as far as Joab. Then, because Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom, Joab fled to the tent of Yahweh and he grasped the horns of the altar” (2) why gave **the report** to Joab. Alternate translation: “And, because Joab had turned aside after Adonijah, but he had not turned aside after Absalom, the report came as far as Joab. And Joab fled to the tent of Yahweh and he grasped the horns of the altar”
382 2:28 bnc9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠הַ⁠שְּׁמֻעָה֙ בָּ֣אָה עַד־יוֹאָ֔ב 1 Here, the author speaks of **the report** as if it were a person who could come **as far as Joab**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And the report was heard by Joab” or “And Joab heard the report”
383 2:28 td8s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יוֹאָ֗ב נָטָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אֲדֹנִיָּ֔ה וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם לֹ֣א נָטָ֑ה 1 Here the author speaks of supporting and serving someone as king as if it were turning aside after that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Joab had followed Adonijah, but he had not followed Absalom” or “Joab had served Adonijah, but he had not served Absalom”
384 2:28 zpq5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וַֽ⁠יַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּ⁠קַרְנ֥וֹת הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּֽחַ 1 In Joab’s culture, people who **grasped the horns of the altar** were considered to be protected by God and would not be taken away and punished unless someone could prove that they had really done something wrong. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make that idea more explicit. See how you translated the similar clause in [1:50](../01/50.md). Alternate translation: “and he grasped the horns of the altar for protection” or “and he grasped the horns of the altar to keep himself safe”\n
385 2:29 t39e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וַ⁠יֻּגַּ֞ד לַ⁠מֶּ֣לֶךְ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, you could use an indefinite subject. Alternate translation: “And a person told the king”\n
386 2:29 fbft rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה כִּ֣י נָ֤ס יוֹאָב֙ אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל יְהוָ֔ה וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה אֵ֣צֶל הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have a direct quotation here. Alternate translation: “Solomon, ‘Joab has fled to teh tent of Yahweh, and behold, he is beside the altar.’”
387 2:29 l51w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה אֵ֣צֶל הַ⁠מִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וַ⁠יִּשְׁלַ֨ח שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה 1 Some translations include some additional material about what happened between when Solomon learned where Joab had fled and when he commanded Benaiah to attack Joab. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, and if it includes this additional material, you may wish to use the reading that it uses. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading of the ULT.
388 2:29 xe4i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations וְ⁠הִנֵּ֖ה 1 Here, the word **behold** draws the attention of the king and asks him to listen carefully. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express **behold** with a word or phrase that asks someone to listen, or you could use a different form that draws a person’s attention. Alternate translation: “and picture this” or “and listen”\n
389 2:29 oeec rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations אֶת־בְּנָיָ֧הוּ בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֛ע לֵ⁠אמֹ֖ר לֵ֥ךְ פְּגַע־בּֽ⁠וֹ 1 It may be more natural in your language to have an indirect quotation here. Alternate translation: “Benaiah the son of Jehoiada to go and attack him”
390 2:29 pb71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֖ר 1 If you preserve the direct quotation, consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he told him”
391 2:29 xgq7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go לֵ֥ךְ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Come” instead of **Go**. Alternate translation: “Come”
392 2:30 pk4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go וַ⁠יָּבֹ֨א בְנָיָ֜הוּ 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “came” instead of **went**. Alternate translation: “And Benaiah came”
393 2:30 wzxf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes כֹּֽה־אָמַ֤ר הַ⁠מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ צֵ֔א 1 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “The king says that you must come out!”
394 2:30 yzgo rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go צֵ֔א 1 In a context such as this, your language might say “Go” instead of **Come**. Alternate translation: “Go out”
395 2:30 f7df rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result לֹ֖א כִּ֣י פֹ֣ה אָמ֑וּת 1 If it would be more natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases, since the second phrase gives the reason for the result that the first phrase describes. Alternate translation: “Here I will die, so no”
396 2:30 hiwr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וַ⁠יָּ֨שֶׁב בְּנָיָ֤הוּ & דָּבָ֣ר 1 Here, **word** represents what Benaiah said using words. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Benaiah brought back a message” or “And Benaiah sent back a message”
397 2:30 u598 rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotations לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר 1 Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and he said”
398 2:30 wyk9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet כֹּֽה־דִבֶּ֥ר יוֹאָ֖ב וְ⁠כֹ֥ה עָנָֽ⁠נִי 1 The terms **Thus Joab has spoken** and **thus he answered me** mean similar things. Benaiah is using the two terms together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “Thus Joab answered me”
399 2:30 hgow rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom כֹּֽה־דִבֶּ֥ר יוֹאָ֖ב וְ⁠כֹ֥ה עָנָֽ⁠נִי 1 Here, the words **Thus** and **thus** refer to what Joab said without repeating all the words he said. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Joab has spoken these words, and with these words he answered me” or “Joab told me that he would not come out and that he would die there”
400 2:31 qfpl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וַ⁠הֲסִירֹ֣תָ ׀ דְּמֵ֣י חִנָּ֗ם אֲשֶׁר֙ שָׁפַ֣ךְ יוֹאָ֔ב מֵ⁠עָלַ֕⁠י וּ⁠מֵ⁠עַ֖ל בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽ⁠י 1 Here Solomon speaks as if the **bloodshed** that Joab committed were a liquid that he had **poured out** on Solomon and **the house** of his father David, and he speaks as if killing Joab will **remove** this liquid from them. He means that the **bloodshed** that Joab committed causes Solomon and **the house** of his father David to be guilty, and that killing Joab will cause them no longer to be guilty. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable figure of speech or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and you will cleanse me and the house of my father from the bloodshed without cause with which Joab stained us” or “and you will take away from me and from the house of my father the guilt of the bloodshed without cause that Joab caused”
401 2:31 qdz7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases וַ⁠הֲסִירֹ֣תָ 1 Here, the word **and** introduces what will happen as a result of Benaiah killing and burying Joab. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a word or phrase that introduces a result. Alternate translation: “so that you will remove” or “and so you will remove”
402 2:31 sj9u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽ⁠י 1 Here, **house** represents David’s family and descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the relatives of my father” or “the descendants of my father”
403 2:31 hhmu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom דְּמֵ֣י חִנָּ֗ם 1 Here, the phrase **without cause** indicates that the people Joab killed did not deserve to die. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a comparable phrase or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the bloodshed of innocent people” or “the unjust bloodshed”
404 2:32 uk13 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy May Yahweh return his blood on his own head 1 The word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
405 2:32 n2gh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet more righteous and better 1 These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab.
406 2:33 qiy8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendants 1 The word “blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “blood return on the head of” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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@ -1724,32 +1724,32 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
14:34 w56h rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns לְאֻמִּ֣ים 1 The plural use of **peoples** here refers to several groups of people that could also be called “nations” or “countries.” See how you translated “people” in [11:14](../11/14.md).
14:35 vi56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רְֽצוֹן & מַשְׂכִּ֑יל וְ֝⁠עֶבְרָת֗⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **delight** in [8:30](../08/30.md), **insight** in [1:3](../01/03.md), and **rage** in [11:23](../11/23.md).
14:35 c522 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מֶ֭לֶךְ לְ⁠עֶ֣בֶד & וְ֝⁠עֶבְרָת֗⁠וֹ תִּהְיֶ֥ה מֵבִֽישׁ 1 Here, **a king**, **the servant**, **his**, and **one who acts shamefully** refer to types of people, not to specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “any king is for any servant … but any king’s rage is for any person who acts shamefully”
15:intro l872 0 # Proverbs 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 15 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [15:3](../15/03.md), [10–12](../15/10.md), [16–17](../15/16.md), [23–24](../15/23.md), [30–31](../15/30.md), and [33](../15/33.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
15:intro l872 0 # Proverbs 15 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nChapter 15 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Contrasting parallelism\n\nExcept for [15:3](../15/03.md), [10–12](../15/10.md), [16–17](../15/16.md), [23–24](../15/23.md), [30–31](../15/30.md), and [33](../15/33.md), all the proverbs in this chapter consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other.
15:1 qcqk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַֽעֲנֶה־רַּ֭ךְ יָשִׁ֣יב חֵמָ֑ה וּ⁠דְבַר־עֶ֝֗צֶב יַעֲלֶה־אָֽף 1 In this verse, Solomon implies that the **gentle answer** and **word of pain** are spoken to an angry person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “A gentle answer spoken to an angry person turns back that person’s heat, but a word of pain spoken to an angry person lifts up that person’s nose”
15:1 ydyg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מַֽעֲנֶה־רַּ֭ךְ & וּ⁠דְבַר־עֶ֝֗צֶב 1 **A gentle answer** and **a word of pain** refer to types of things people say, not to a specific **answer** or **word**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any gentle answer … but any word of pain”\n
15:1 jrxm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָשִׁ֣יב חֵמָ֑ה 1 The phrase is an idiom that refers to decreasing a person’s anger as if that anger were **heat** that someone **turns back**. The word **heat** means “anger” by association with the way that an angry person’s body increases in **heat**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “decreases anger” or “causes an angry person to become calm”
15:1 kv69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠דְבַר־עֶ֝֗צֶב 1 The phrase **word of pain** refers to something that is spoken harshly as if what is spoken causes **pain** to the listener. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but what is spoken harshly”
15:1 kv69 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠דְבַר־עֶ֝֗צֶב 1 The phrase **a word of pain** refers to something that is spoken harshly, as if what is spoken would cause **pain** to the listener. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but what is spoken harshly” or "a hurtful word"
15:1 w9mq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יַעֲלֶה־אָֽף 1 The phrase is an idiom that refers to increasing a person’s anger. The word **nose** means “anger” by association with the way that a person who is angry breathes heavily through his **nose**. Your language and culture may also associate anger with a particular part of the body. If so, you could use an expression involving that part of the body in your translation. You could also use plain language. Alternate translation: “increases anger” or “causes an angry person to become angrier”
15:2 fgjl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְשׁ֣וֹן חֲ֭כָמִים & וּ⁠פִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים 1 **The tongue of the wise ones** and **the mouth of stupid ones** refer to what these types of people say in general, not to a specific **tongue** or **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The tongues of wise ones … but the mouths of stupid ones”
15:2 w6ic rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לְשׁ֣וֹן חֲ֭כָמִים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [12:18](../12/18.md).
15:2 jwme rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תֵּיטִ֣יב דָּ֑עַת 1 The phrase **makes knowledge good** refers to speaking **knowledge** in a way that **makes knowledge** pleasant or attractive to others. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “makes knowledge pleasing to others”
15:2 we31 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דָּ֑עַת & אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md) and **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
15:2 ncr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠פִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 Here, Solomon refers to **stupid** people always saying foolish things as if their mouths were places from which **folly** **gushes forth** like water. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the mouths of stupid ones are always speaking folly”
15:2 ncr7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠פִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 Here Solomon refers to **stupid** people always saying foolish things as if their mouths were places from which **folly gushes forth** like flowing water. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the mouths of stupid ones are always speaking folly”
15:2 xupd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠פִ֥י כְ֝סִילִ֗ים 1 See how you translated the same use of **the mouth of** in [10:6](../10/06.md).
15:3 w8rc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּֽ⁠כָל־מָ֭קוֹם עֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to Yahweh’s ability to see everything as if Yahweh had **eyes** that are located **in every place**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sees what is happening everywhere”
15:3 w8rc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּֽ⁠כָל־מָ֭קוֹם עֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here Solomon refers to Yahweh’s ability to see everything as if Yahweh had **eyes** that were located **in every place**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sees what is happening everywhere”
15:4 lpvd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מַרְפֵּ֣א לָ֭שׁוֹן & וְ⁠סֶ֥לֶף בָּ֝֗⁠הּ שֶׁ֣בֶר בְּ⁠רֽוּחַ 1 **A healing tongue**, **it**, and **a breaking in the spirit** do not refer to specific things but represent these things in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any healing tongue … but crookedness in any such tongue is what breaks spirits”
15:4 wt85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַרְפֵּ֣א לָ֭שׁוֹן 1 **A healing tongue** refers to what someone says that soothes the listener. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **tongue** in [6:17](../06/17.md). Alternate translation: “What comforting thing someone says”
15:4 wt85 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מַרְפֵּ֣א לָ֭שׁוֹן 1 **A healing tongue** refers to what someone says that soothes the listener. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **tongue** in [6:17](../06/17.md). Alternate translation: “The comforting thing someone says”
15:4 sutw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים 1 See how you translated **a tree of life** in [3:18](../03/18.md).
15:4 jib7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠סֶ֥לֶף בָּ֝֗⁠הּ 1 Here, Solomon refers to deceitful speech as if it were a crooked tongue. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but what deceitful thing someone says”
15:4 jib7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠סֶ֥לֶף בָּ֝֗⁠הּ 1 Here, Solomon refers to deceitful speech as if it were a crooked tongue. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the deceitful thing someone says”
15:4 frhx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שֶׁ֣בֶר בְּ⁠רֽוּחַ 1 The phrase **a breaking in the spirit** is an idiom that refers to making a person despair. If it would be helpful, you could use an equivalent idiom from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “makes a person feel down in the dumps” or “makes a person despair”
15:5 kapn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֱוִ֗יל & אָבִ֑י⁠ו וְ⁠שֹׁמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 **A fool**, **his**, and **one who keeps rebuke** do not refer to specific people but represent types of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any fool … that fool’s father, but any person who keeps rebuke”
15:5 kapn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֱוִ֗יל & אָבִ֑י⁠ו וְ⁠שֹׁמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 **A fool**, **his**, and **one who keeps rebuke** do not refer to specific people but represent types of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any fool … that fool’s father, but any person who keeps a rebuke”
15:5 kix4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסַ֣ר & תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **correction** in [3:11](../03/11.md) and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
15:5 x86t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠שֹׁמֵ֖ר תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated **one who keeps rebuke** in [13:18](../13/18.md).
15:6 w41m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בֵּ֣ית צַ֭דִּיק & וּ⁠בִ⁠תְבוּאַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע 1 **The house of the righteous one** and **the produce of the wicked one** do not refer to specific things and people, but represent those things and types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any house of righteous ones … but any produce of wicked ones”
15:6 j47b rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בִ⁠תְבוּאַ֖ת 1 Here, **produce** refers to the income that is gained from selling **produce**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but in the income of”
15:6 vh44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠בִ⁠תְבוּאַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע נֶעְכָּֽרֶת 1 Here, Solomon refers to **the produce of the wicked one** causing **the wicked one** to be **troubled** as if **being troubled** was an object located **in the produce**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the produce of the wicked one causes them trouble”
15:6 vh44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠בִ⁠תְבוּאַ֖ת רָשָׁ֣ע נֶעְכָּֽרֶת 1 Here Solomon refers to **the produce of the wicked one** causing **the wicked one** to be **troubled** as if **being troubled** were an object located **in the produce**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the produce of the wicked one causes them trouble”
15:7 tk6t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy שִׂפְתֵ֣י חֲ֭כָמִים 1 See how you translated this phrase in [14:3](../14/03.md).
15:7 uatn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְזָ֣רוּ דָ֑עַת 1 Here, Solomon refers to teaching other people knowledge as if **knowledge** were seeds that a farmer scatters around in a field. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “teach others knowledge”
15:7 uatn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְזָ֣רוּ דָ֑עַת 1 Here Solomon refers to teaching other people knowledge as if **knowledge** were the seeds that a farmer scatters to plant in a field. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “teach others knowledge”
15:7 xs5z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דָ֑עַת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md).
15:7 j7fl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠לֵ֖ב כְּסִילִ֣ים 1 See how you translated **the heart of stupid ones** in [12:23](../12/23.md).
15:8 nz2i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun זֶ֣בַח & וּ⁠תְפִלַּ֖ת 1 **The sacrifice** and **the prayer** represent sacrifices and prayers in general, not one particular **sacrifice** or **prayer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The sacrifices of … but the prayers of”
@ -1758,67 +1758,67 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:8 fci9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רְצוֹנֽ⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **delight** in [11:1](../11/01.md).
15:9 ui9i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
15:9 i7dh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דֶּ֣רֶךְ 1 See how you translated the same use of **way** in [1:15](../01/15.md).
15:9 otm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָשָׁ֑ע & וּ⁠מְרַדֵּ֖ף 1 Here, **the wicked one** and **a persuer** represent types of people, not one particular **wicked one** or **persuer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “the wicked ones … but the persuers of”
15:9 pj1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְרַדֵּ֖ף צְדָקָ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone being diligent to live righteously as if that person were **a pursuer** of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but someone who strives to be righteous”
15:9 otm4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָשָׁ֑ע & וּ⁠מְרַדֵּ֖ף 1 Here, **the wicked one** and **a pursuer** represent types of people, not one particular **wicked one** or **pursuer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “the wicked ones … but the pursuers of”
15:9 pj1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְרַדֵּ֖ף צְדָקָ֣ה 1 Here Solomon refers to someone being diligent to live righteously as if that person were **a pursuer** of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but someone who strives to be righteous”
15:9 w7vg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns צְדָקָ֣ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **righteousness** in [1:3](../01/03.md).\n
15:10 oz4u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסָ֣ר & תוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **discipline** in [13:24](../13/24.md) and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
15:10 ni0v rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ⁠עֹזֵ֣ב & שׂוֹנֵ֖א 1 Here, **one who forsakes** and **one who hates** represent types of people, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “is for any person who forsakes … any person who hates”
15:10 j3mw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְ⁠עֹזֵ֣ב אֹ֑רַח 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person no longer behaving righteously but behaving wickedly as if that person **forsakes** the righteous **path**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is for one who stops living righteously”\n
15:10 j3mw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְ⁠עֹזֵ֣ב אֹ֑רַח 1 Here Solomon refers to a person who is no longer behaving righteously, but behaving wickedly, as if that person **forsakes** the righteous **path**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is for one who stops living righteously”\n
15:11 n1e2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet שְׁא֣וֹל וַ֭⁠אֲבַדּוֹן 1 **Sheol** and **Abaddon** both refer to the place where people’s spirits go when they die. Solomon is using them together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. See how you translated **Sheol** in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: “the place where the spirits of dead people dwell” or “the place of the dead”
15:11 ysty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶ֣גֶד 1 Here, Solomon refers to **Yahweh** knowing everything about **Sheol and Abaddon** as if they were in front of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are fully known by”
15:11 ysty rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor נֶ֣גֶד 1 Here Solomon refers to **Yahweh** knowing everything about **Sheol and Abaddon** as if they were in front of him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are fully known by”
15:11 r3gz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לִבּ֥וֹת 1 See how you translated the same use of “heart” in [2:2](../02/02.md).
15:11 x6mt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations בְּֽנֵי־אָדָֽם 1 See how you translated this phrase in [8:4](../08/04.md).
15:12 dksc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֭ץ הוֹכֵ֣חַֽ ל֑⁠וֹ & לֹ֣א יֵלֵֽךְ 1 **A mocker**, **one who rebukes**, **he**, and **him** represent types of people, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any mocker … any person who rebukes that person … that person will not go”
15:12 kaat rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֣א יֶאֱהַב 1 Solomon is using a figure of speech here that expresses a strongly positive meaning by using a negative word, **not**, together with an expression that is the opposite of the intended meaning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the positive meaning. Alternate translation: “really hates”
15:12 f5d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א יֵלֵֽךְ 1 Here, Solomon implies going **to the wise ones** in order to get advice from them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will not go to receive their advice”
15:12 f5d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לֹ֣א יֵלֵֽךְ 1 Here Solomon implies going **to the wise ones** in order to get advice from them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “he will not go to receive their advice”
15:13 b4lv rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵ֣ב שָׂ֭מֵחַ 1 Here, Solomon uses **heart** to refer a person’s inner being or mind. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [2:2](../02/02.md).
15:13 hbnx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יֵיטִ֣ב פָּנִ֑ים 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone smiling as if that person’s **face** were a person who is **glad**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes one to smile”
15:13 l2ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בְ⁠עַצְּבַת־לֵ֝ב 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person feeling sad as if they that person has **pain of heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but by feeling sad”
15:13 y5e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ר֣וּחַ נְכֵאָֽה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person despairing as if that person’s **spirit** were hit or crushed by something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a person feels despair”\n
15:13 hbnx rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification יֵיטִ֣ב פָּנִ֑ים 1 Here Solomon refers to someone smiling as if that person’s **face** were a person who is **glad**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes one to smile”
15:13 l2ya rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠בְ⁠עַצְּבַת־לֵ֝ב 1 Here Solomon refers to a person who is feeling sad as if that person has **pain of heart**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but by feeling sad”
15:13 y5e6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ר֣וּחַ נְכֵאָֽה 1 Here Solomon refers to a person despairing as if that person’s **spirit** were hit or crushed by something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a person feels despair”\n
15:14 d9uh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֣ב נָ֭בוֹן יְבַקֶּשׁ־דָּ֑עַת וּפִ֥י 1 **The heart**, **the understanding one**, and **the mouth** represent these things and type of people in general, not one particular **heart**, **understanding one**, or **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The hearts of the understanding ones seek knowledge … but the mouths of”
15:14 xdul rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֣ב & וּפִ֥י 1 In this verse, **heart** and **mouth** refer to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [6:18](../06/18.md) and **mouth** in [4:5](../04/05.md).
15:14 wwrp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְבַקֶּשׁ 1 See how you translated the same use of **seeks** in [11:27](../11/27.md).
15:14 qzhq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns דָּ֑עַת & אִוֶּֽלֶת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **knowledge** in [1:4](../01/04.md) and **folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md).
15:14 k3ct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִרְעֶ֥ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to **stupid ones** being satisfied with **folly** as if **folly** were something they feed on like cattle feed on grass. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are satisfied by”
15:14 k3ct rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִרְעֶ֥ה 1 Here Solomon refers to **stupid ones** being satisfied with **folly** as if **folly** were something they feed on like cattle feed on grass. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are satisfied by”
15:15 m9lg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כָּל־יְמֵ֣י עָנִ֣י 1 **All the days** here refers to what happens during the **days** that **the afflicted one** is alive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “What happens during all the days that the afflicted one is alive”
15:15 ijbq rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun עָנִ֣י & וְ⁠טֽוֹב־לֵ֝֗ב 1 Here, **the afflicted one** and **the good of heart** represent types of people, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “any afflicted one … but any person who is good of heart”
15:15 xw56 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit רָעִ֑ים 1 Here, **evil** refers to what is miserable or troublesome. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “are troublesome ones” or “are troublesome”
15:15 en6x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠טֽוֹב־לֵ֝֗ב 1 Here, **the good of heart** refers to a person who feels cheerful. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but the one who feels cheerful”
15:15 dgon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person enjoying life as if that person is always eating at a **feast**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “lives as if he is continually feasting” or “is always enjoying life”
15:15 dgon rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִשְׁתֶּ֥ה תָמִֽיד 1 Here Solomon refers to a person enjoying life as if that person is always eating at a **feast**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a simile or express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “lives as if he is continually feasting” or “is always enjoying life”
15:16 qghs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis מְ֭עַט & מֵ⁠אוֹצָ֥ר רָ֝֗ב 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “is having a little … than having much treasure”
15:16 vujm rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj מְ֭עַט 1 Here, Solomon is using the adjective **little** as a noun to refer to a small amount of something. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this word with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “is having a small amount”
15:16 wyym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּ⁠יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to fearing **Yahweh** as if that **fear** were an object that someone could have **with** **a little**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “while having fear of Yahweh” or “and fearing Yahweh”
15:16 wyym rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּ⁠יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה 1 Here Solomon refers to fearing **Yahweh** as if that **fear** were an object that someone could have **with** even **a little** of whatever they have. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “while having fear of Yahweh” or “and fearing Yahweh”
15:16 rjza rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns בְּ⁠יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה 1 See how you translated **the fear of Yahweh** in [1:7](../01/07.md).\n\n
15:16 uuve rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְה֥וּמָה בֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to feeling **anxiety** as if that **anxiety** were an object that someone could have **with** **much treasure**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and having anxiety” or “and having anxiety”
15:16 uuve rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וּ⁠מְה֥וּמָה בֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here Solomon refers to feeling **anxiety** as if that **anxiety** were an object that someone could have **with** **much treasure**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and having anxiety” or “and having anxiety”
15:16 owmw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ⁠מְה֥וּמָה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **anxiety**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and being anxious”
15:17 ipjz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis אֲרֻחַ֣ת יָ֭רָק וְ⁠אַהֲבָה & מִ⁠שּׁ֥וֹר אָ֝ב֗וּס וְ⁠שִׂנְאָה 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “is having a portion of vegetables and having love … than having a fattened ox and having hatred”
15:17 via5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אֲרֻחַ֣ת יָ֭רָק 1 Here, **a portion of vegetables** refers to a small meal without much food. This kind of meal would be eaten by someone who cannot afford to buy meat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is very little food” or “is a poor person’s meal”
15:17 ux23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וְ⁠אַהֲבָה & וְ⁠שִׂנְאָה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **love** and **hatred** in [10:12](../10/12.md).
15:17 i3b2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠שּׁ֥וֹר אָ֝ב֗וּס 1 Here, **a fattened ox** refers to a large meal with much food that includes **a fattened ox**. This kind of meal would be eaten by a wealthy person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “than very much food” or “than a wealthy person’s meal”
15:17 m9u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠שִׂנְאָה־בֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here, Solomon refers to feeling **hatred** as if that **hatred** were an object that someone could have **with** **a fattened ox**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “while having hatred”
15:17 i3b2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy מִ⁠שּׁ֥וֹר אָ֝ב֗וּס 1 Here, **a fattened ox** refers to a large meal including meat such as **a fattened ox**. This kind of meal would be eaten by a wealthy person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “than very much food” or “than a wealthy person’s meal”
15:17 m9u4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ⁠שִׂנְאָה־בֽ⁠וֹ 1 Here Solomon refers to feeling **hatred** as if that **hatred** were an object that someone could have **with a fattened ox**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “while having hatred”
15:18 u7qg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations אִ֣ישׁ חֵ֭מָה 1 Although the term **man** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “A person of heat”
15:18 vi23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אִ֣ישׁ חֵ֭מָה 1 **A man of heat** refers to someone who gets angry easily. Here, **heat** refers to extreme anger, which causes the angry person’s body to become hot. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **heat** in [6:34](../06/34.md). Alternate translation: “A person who gets angry easily”\n
15:18 oog0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְגָרֶ֣ה 1 Here, Solomon refers to starting **a quarrel** as if it were something that a person **stirs up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “starts” or “causes”
15:18 vi23 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy אִ֣ישׁ חֵ֭מָה 1 **A man of heat** refers to someone who gets angry easily. Here, **heat** refers to extreme anger, which causes the angry person’s body to become hot. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of **heat** in [6:34](../06/34.md). Alternate translation: “A person who becomes angry easily”\n
15:18 oog0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְגָרֶ֣ה 1 Here Solomon refers to starting **a quarrel** as if it were something that a person **stirs up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “starts” or “causes”
15:18 tzzu rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מָד֑וֹן & רִֽיב 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **quarrel** and **dispute**, you could express the same ideas in another way. See how you translated “quarrels” in [6:14](../06/14.md). Alternate translation: “quarreling … disputing”
15:18 b28g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מָד֑וֹן וְ⁠אֶ֥רֶך אַ֝פַּ֗יִם & רִֽיב 1 Here, **quarrel**, **the long of nostrils**, and **dispute** represent events and a type of person in general, not a specific event or person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “quarrels, but any person long of nostrils … disputes”
15:18 p4ji rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom וְ⁠אֶ֥רֶך אַ֝פַּ֗יִם 1 See how you translated **one long of nostrils** in [14:29](../14/29.md).
15:18 ecma rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַשְׁקִ֥יט רִֽיב 1 Here, Solomon refers to someone causing people who are arguing to become calm and stop arguing as if that person were causing the **dispute** to become **quiet**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will calm disputing people”
15:19 ai0e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun דֶּ֣רֶךְ עָ֭צֵל & וְ⁠אֹ֖רַח 1 **The way of the lazy one** and **the path** do not refer to specific things and people, but represent those things and types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. See how you translated **the lazy one** in [10:26](../10/26.md). Alternate translation: “The ways of lazy ones … but the paths of”\n
15:19 ai0e rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun דֶּ֣רֶךְ עָ֭צֵל כִּ⁠מְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק וְ⁠אֹ֖רַח יְשָׁרִ֣ים סְלֻלָֽה׃ 1 **The way of the lazy one** and **the path** do not refer to specific things and people, but represent those things and types of people in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. See how you translated **the lazy one** in [10:26](../10/26.md). Alternate translation: “The ways of lazy ones are like a hedge of brier, but the paths of the upright ones are a built-up highway”\n
15:19 awv2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor דֶּ֣רֶךְ & וְ⁠אֹ֖רַח 1 In this verse, Solomon uses **way** and **path** to refer to a person’s progress throughout that person’s lifetime. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The life progress of … the life progress of”
15:19 gy92 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile כִּ⁠מְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק 1 Here, Solomon compares the difficult and unproductive lifestyle of a **lazy** person with a **hedge of brier** that prevents someone from walking down a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “is difficult”
15:19 lefw rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown כִּ⁠מְשֻׂ֣כַת חָ֑דֶק 1 The phrase **hedge of brier** refers to a dense group of bushes that contains sharp thorns. Because the **hedge** is thick and has thorns, people cannot walk through it. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of plant, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “is like a large thorn bush” or “is like a plant that blocks the way”
15:19 zqz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor סְלֻלָֽה 1 Here, Solomon refers to the productive lifestyle of **the upright ones** as if it were a **highway** that was made well and easy to walk on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is productive”
15:19 zqz8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor סְלֻלָֽה 1 Here Solomon refers to the productive lifestyle of **the upright ones** as if it were a **highway** that was well-made and easy to walk on. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “is productive”
15:20 imhi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בֵּ֣ן חָ֭כָם יְשַׂמַּח־אָ֑ב 1 See how you translated this clause in [10:1](../10/01.md).
15:20 uira rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations וּ⁠כְסִ֥יל אָ֝דָ֗ם בּוֹזֶ֥ה אִמּֽ⁠וֹ 1 Although **a stupid man** and **his** are masculine, Solomon is using these words in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase that makes this clear. Alternate translation: “but any stupid person despises that person’s mother”
15:21 q3mf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns אִ֭וֶּלֶת שִׂמְחָ֣ה & תְּ֝בוּנָ֗ה 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **Folly** in [5:23](../05/23.md), **joy** in [10:28](../10/28.md), and **understanding** in [1:2](../01/02.md).
15:21 ywh5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לַ⁠חֲסַר־לֵ֑ב וְ⁠אִ֥ישׁ תְּ֝בוּנָ֗ה 1 See how you translated **the lacking of heart** in [9:16](../09/16.md) and **man of understanding** in [10:23](../10/23.md).
15:21 etw6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis יְיַשֶׁר־לָֽכֶת 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “makes himself to go straight”
15:21 itu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְיַשֶׁר־לָֽכֶת 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a person doing what is right as if he were walking **straight** ahead on a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “does what is right”
15:21 itu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יְיַשֶׁר־לָֽכֶת 1 Here Solomon speaks of a person doing what is right as if he were walking **straight** ahead on a path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “does what is right”
15:22 p1yb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive הָפֵ֣ר מַ֭חֲשָׁבוֹת 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Plans fail”
15:22 et1u rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns ס֑וֹד 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **counsel** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
15:22 re1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns תָּקֽוּם 1 The pronoun **it** refers to the **Plans** in the previous clause. If this is not clear for your readers, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those plans will stand”
15:22 q31z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תָּקֽוּם 1 Here, Solomon refers to **Plans** that are successful as if they were a person who would continue to **stand**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be successful”\n
15:23 n4u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׂמְחָ֣ה לָ֭⁠אִישׁ בְּ⁠מַעֲנֵה־פִ֑י⁠ו 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person feeling joyful because of **the answer** that person says as if that person’s **Joy** were an object that could be found **in the answer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The man has joy because of the answer of his mouth”
15:22 q31z rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification תָּקֽוּם 1 Here, Solomon refers to **Plans** that are successful as if they were a person who would continue to **stand**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “they will be successful”\n
15:23 n4u3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor שִׂמְחָ֣ה לָ֭⁠אִישׁ בְּ⁠מַעֲנֵה־פִ֑י⁠ו 1 Here Solomon refers to a person feeling joyful because of **the answer** that person gave. Solomon uses a metaphor in which he refers to **Joy** as if it were an object that could be found **in the answer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The man has joy because of the answer of his mouth”
15:23 v8kk rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun שִׂמְחָ֣ה לָ֭⁠אִישׁ בְּ⁠מַעֲנֵה־פִ֑י⁠ו 1 Here, **the man**, **the answer**, and **his** refer to a type of people and answers in general, not a specific **man** or **answer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any person has joy because of an answer of that person’s mouth”
15:23 l86m rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns שִׂמְחָ֣ה 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **joy** in [10:28](../10/28.md).
15:23 e60o rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּ⁠מַעֲנֵה־פִ֑י⁠ו 1 The phrase **a word in its time** in the second clause implies that **the answer** in the first clause is a good or fitting **answer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in the good answer of his mouth” or “in the fitting reply of his mouth”
@ -1827,16 +1827,16 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:23 wg81 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠דָבָ֖ר בְּ⁠עִתּ֣⁠וֹ מַה־טּֽוֹב 1 The phrase **a word in its time** refers to a **word** that is spoken at the appropriate time. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and how good is a word spoken at the appropriate time”
15:23 a1d9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וְ⁠דָבָ֖ר & מַה־טּֽוֹב 1 See how you translated the similar use of **word** in [12:25](../12/25.md).
15:24 xb8a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה לְ⁠מַשְׂכִּ֑יל 1 **The path of life** and **the insightful one** represent paths and insightful people in general, not a specific **path** or **insightful one**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The paths of lives are upward for those who are insightful”
15:24 b9kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה 1 Here, Solomon speaks of a lifestyle that results in a long life as if it were a **path** that goes **upward**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The lifestyle results in a long life”
15:24 b9kb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor אֹ֣רַח חַ֭יִּים לְ⁠מַ֣עְלָ⁠ה 1 Here Solomon speaks of a lifestyle that results in a long life as if it were a **path** that goes **upward**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The lifestyle results in a long life”
15:24 uzup rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit חַ֭יִּים 1 Here, **life** refers to a long **life**. See how you translated the same use of **life** in [10:16](../10/16.md).
15:24 x359 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לְמַ֥עַן ס֝֗וּר 1 Solomon is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the previous clause if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “in order for the insightful one to turn away”
15:24 pzkw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְמַ֥עַן ס֝֗וּר מִ⁠שְּׁא֥וֹל 1 Here, Solomon speaks of avoiding **Sheol** as if **Sheol** were a place that a person could **turn away from**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in order to avoid going to Sheol”\n
15:24 xagl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠שְּׁא֥וֹל מָֽטָּה 1 The Israelites referred to dying as going down to **Sheol**, which is the place where people’s spirits go when they die. Here, Solomon refers to **Sheol** as if it were **below** the place where living people are. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. See how you translated **Sheol** in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: “from the place where the spirits of dead people dwell” or “from the place of the dead”\n
15:25 wip1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִסַּ֥ח 1 Here, Solomon refers to Yahweh destroying **the house of the proud ones** as if he were tearing it **down**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will ruin”
15:24 pzkw rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor לְמַ֥עַן ס֝֗וּר מִ⁠שְּׁא֥וֹל 1 Here Solomon speaks of avoiding **Sheol** as if **Sheol** were a place that a person could **turn away from**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in order to avoid going to Sheol”\n
15:24 xagl rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠שְּׁא֥וֹל מָֽטָּה 1 The Israelites referred to dying as going down to **Sheol**, which is the place where people’s spirits go when they die. Here Solomon refers to **Sheol** as if it were **below** the place where living people are. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state that explicitly. See how you translated **Sheol** in [1:12](../01/12.md). Alternate translation: “from the place where the spirits of dead people dwell” or “from the place of the dead”\n
15:25 wip1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יִסַּ֥ח 1 Here Solomon refers to Yahweh destroying **the house of the proud ones** as if he were tearing it **down**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will ruin”
15:25 n0a4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun בֵּ֣ית גֵּ֭אִים & גְּב֣וּל אַלְמָנָֽה 1 Here, **the house**, **the boundary**, and **the widow** refer to houses, boundaries, and widows in general, not one particular **house**, **boundary**, or **widow**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “the houses of the proud ones … the boundaries of the widows”
15:25 w73c rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֣ית 1 Here, **house** refers to both the building someone lives in and the items within that **house**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the property of”
15:25 jbdr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠יַצֵּ֗ב 1 Here, Solomon refers to Yahweh protecting or maintaining **the boundary of the widow** as if it were an object that he **set up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but he will protect”
15:25 an5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy גְּב֣וּל 1 The word **boundary** refers to stones that were used to mark the borders of the land that a person owns. Here, Solomon uses **boundary** to refer to all the land and possessions within the **boundary** of the land that **the widow** owns. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the property of”
15:25 jbdr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠יַצֵּ֗ב 1 Here Solomon refers to Yahweh protecting or maintaining **the boundary of the widow** as if it were an object that he **set up**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “but he will protect”
15:25 an5t rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy גְּב֣וּל 1 The word **boundary** refers to stones that were used to mark the borders of the land that a person owned. Here, Solomon uses **boundary** to refer to all the land and possessions within the **boundary** of the land that **the widow** owns. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the property of”
15:25 h2dg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit אַלְמָנָֽה 1 Solomon assumes that his readers will understand that **the widow** is helpless and poor because widows were some of the poorest people in ancient societies. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “the helpless widow”
15:26 w1qt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated **an abomination to Yahweh** in [3:32](../03/32.md).
15:26 o90x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession אִמְרֵי־נֹֽעַם 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **words** that are characterized by **pleasantness**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “pleasant words”
@ -1846,28 +1846,28 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:27 rayg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בֵּ֭ית⁠וֹ 1 See how you translated the same use of **house** in [3:33](../03/33.md).
15:27 sm83 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠שׂוֹנֵ֖א מַתָּנֹ֣ת 1 The phrase **one who hates bribes** refers to a person who refuses to receive **bribes** that someone else might offer them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but one who refuses to accept bribes”
15:27 ctnz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִחְיֶֽה 1 Here, **live** refers to living a long life. See how you translated the same use of **live** in [9:6](../09/06.md).
15:28 ikau rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֣ב צַ֭דִּיק יֶהְגֶּ֣ה & וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ 1 **The heart**, **the righteous one**, and **the mouth** represent things and a type of people in general, not a specific **heart**, **righteous one** or **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The hearts of any righteous ones consider how … but the mouths of the wicked ones gush out”
15:28 ikau rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֵ֣ב צַ֭דִּיק יֶהְגֶּ֣ה & וּ⁠פִ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יַבִּ֥יעַ 1 **The heart**, **the righteous one**, and **the mouth** represent things and a type of people in general, not a specific **heart**, **righteous one** or **mouth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The hearts of any righteous ones consider how … but the mouths of the wicked ones gush forth"
15:28 avu5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לֵ֣ב 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [6:18](../06/18.md).
15:28 zn2x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis לַ⁠עֲנ֑וֹת 1 Solomon is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply this word from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “to answer a person”
15:28 m6cf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy וּ⁠פִ֥י 1 See how you translated the same use of **the mouth of** in [10:6](../10/06.md).
15:28 zzd4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor יַבִּ֥יעַ 1 See how you translated the same use of **gushes forth** in [15:2](../15/02.md).
15:28 zr4l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns רָעֽוֹת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **evils**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “evil things”
15:29 nq5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָח֣וֹק יְ֭הוָה מֵ⁠רְשָׁעִ֑ים 1 Here, Solomon speaks of Yahweh not listening to **the wicked ones** as if he were physically **far** away from them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh does not heed wicked people”
15:29 nq5q rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רָח֣וֹק יְ֭הוָה מֵ⁠רְשָׁעִ֑ים 1 Here Solomon speaks of Yahweh not listening to **the wicked ones** as if he were physically **far** away from them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh does not heed wicked people”
15:29 q26p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun וּ⁠תְפִלַּ֖ת 1 The word **prayer** represents prayers in general, not one particular **prayer**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “but the prayers of”
15:29 s6ro rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns וּ⁠תְפִלַּ֖ת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **prayer** in [15:8](../15/08.md).
15:29 em15 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit יִשְׁמָֽע 1 Here, **hears** implies that **Yahweh** **hears** and responds to what he **hears**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “he hears and responds”
15:30 um1l rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun מְֽאוֹר־עֵ֭ינַיִם יְשַׂמַּֽח־לֵ֑ב & עָֽצֶם 1 **The luminary**, **the heart**, and **the bone** represents those things in general, not one particular **luminary**, **heart**, or **bone**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Luminaries of the eyes gladdens hearts … bones”
15:30 xdfr rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מְֽאוֹר־עֵ֭ינַיִם 1 Solomon assumes that his readers will understand that he is referring to someone seeing **The luminary of the eyes**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “Seeing the luminary of the eyes”
15:30 msq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְֽאוֹר־עֵ֭ינַיִם 1 Here, Solomon refers to a joyful facial expression as if the person’s **eyes** shined brightly like a **luminary** body, such as the Sun. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A cheerful expression”
15:30 msq2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מְֽאוֹר־עֵ֭ינַיִם 1 Here Solomon refers to a joyful facial expression as if the person’s **eyes** shined brightly like a **luminary** body, such as the Sun. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A cheerful expression”
15:30 d2bg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche לֵ֑ב 1 Here, **heart** refers to the whole person. See how you translated the same use of **heart** in [6:18](../06/18.md).
15:30 e7v1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit שְׁמוּעָ֥ה ט֝וֹבָ֗ה 1 Solomon assumes that his readers will understand that he is referring to someone hearing **good news**. You could include this information if that would be helpful to your readers. Alternate translation: “hearing good news”
15:30 w1t5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תְּדַשֶּׁן־עָֽצֶם 1 Here, Solomon refers to **good news** making people feel healthy as if it **fattens** their bones. The word **bone** here refers to a person’s whole body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes people to feel healthy”
15:31 vet3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֹ֗זֶן & תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 **An ear** and **the rebuke** represent those things in general, not one particular **ear** or **rebuke**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Ears … rebukes of”
15:30 w1t5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom תְּדַשֶּׁן־עָֽצֶם 1 Here Solomon refers to **good news** making people feel healthy as if it **fattens** their bones. The word **bone** here refers to a person’s whole body. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “causes people to feel healthy”
15:31 vet3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun אֹ֗זֶן & תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 **An ear** and **the rebuke** represent those things in general, not one particular **ear** or **rebuke**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Ears … the rebukes of”
15:31 kgsf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche אֹ֗זֶן 1 Here, **ear** refers to the whole person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “A person”
15:31 lmpa rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession תּוֹכַ֣חַת חַיִּ֑ים 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe a **rebuke** that results in **life**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the rebuke that leads to life”
15:31 rsnj rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹכַ֣חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract noun **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
15:31 k8b8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit תּוֹכַ֣חַת חַיִּ֑ים 1 Here, **life** refers to remaining alive. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the rebuke that keeps one alive”
15:31 o3rh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֶ֖רֶב חֲכָמִ֣ים תָּלִֽין 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person being considered wise as if that person were dwelling with **the wise ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be considered one of the wise ones”
15:31 o3rh rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy בְּ⁠קֶ֖רֶב חֲכָמִ֣ים תָּלִֽין 1 Here Solomon refers to a person being considered wise as if that person were dwelling with **the wise ones**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be considered one of the wise ones”
15:32 eoi4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun פּוֹרֵ֣עַ & נַפְשׁ֑⁠וֹ וְ⁠שׁוֹמֵ֥עַ 1 **One who avoids**, **his**, and **one who hears** represent types of people in general, not specific people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “Any person who avoids … that person’s life, but any person who hears”
15:32 l9cd rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מ֭וּסָר & תּ֝וֹכַ֗חַת 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **correction** in [3:11](../03/11.md) and **rebuke** in [1:25](../01/25.md).
15:32 u67i rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole מוֹאֵ֣ס 1 Solomon says **rejects** here as an overstatement for emphasis. He means that someone who **avoids correction** is doing what will ruin **his life**, as if he actually despises **his life**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different way to express the emphasis. Alternate translation: “behaves as if he rejects”
@ -1876,9 +1876,9 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
15:33 nhk9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession יִרְאַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [1:7](../01/07.md).
15:33 t56g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מוּסַ֣ר חָכְמָ֑ה & כָב֣וֹד 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **wisdom** and **instruction** in [1:2](../01/02.md) and **honor** in [3:16](../03/16.md).
15:33 lbcz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession מוּסַ֣ר חָכְמָ֑ה 1 Here, Solomon is using the possessive form to describe **instruction** that results in **wisdom**. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “is instruction that results in wisdom”
15:33 atwb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה 1 Here, Solomon refers to a person having **humility** before receiving **honor** as if **humility** were a person who stands **before the face of honor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of **before the face of** in [8:25](../08/25.md). Alternate translation: “and humility exists before the honor exists”
15:33 atwb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification וְ⁠לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י כָב֣וֹד עֲנָוָֽה 1 Here Solomon refers to a person having **humility** before receiving **honor** as if **humility** were a person who stands **before the face of honor**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of **before the face of** in [8:25](../08/25.md). Alternate translation: “and humility exists before the honor exists” or "and humility precedes honor"
15:33 w2h2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns עֲנָוָֽה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **humility**, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is being humble”
16:intro mu2u 0 # Proverbs 16 General Notes\n\n## Structure and formatting\n\nChapter 16 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Important figures of speech in this chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nChapters 10–15 mostly contain proverbs that consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other. In contrast, chapters 16–22 mostly contain proverbs in which the second of two parallel clauses completes, emphasizes, or qualifies the idea of the first clause. Chapter 16 also contains contrasting parallelism ([16:1](../16/01.md), [2](../16/02.md), [9](../16/09.md), [14](../16/14.md), [22](../16/22.md), [33](../16/33.md)) and parallelism in which both clauses have the same meaning for emphasis ([16:11](../16/11.md), [16](../16/16.md), [18](../16/18.md), [30](../16/30.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
16:intro mu2u 0 # Proverbs 16 General Notes\n\n## Structure and Formatting\n\nChapter 16 continues the section of the book written by Solomon that is filled mainly with short, individual proverbs.\n\n## Important Figures of Speech in This Chapter\n\n### Parallelism\n\nChapters 10–15 mostly contain proverbs that consist of two parallel clauses that contrast with each other. Chapters 16–22 mostly contain proverbs in which the second of two parallel clauses completes, emphasizes, or qualifies the idea of the first clause. Chapter 16 also contains contrasting parallelism ([16:1](../16/01.md), [2](../16/02.md), [9](../16/09.md), [14](../16/14.md), [22](../16/22.md), [33](../16/33.md)) and parallelism in which both clauses have the same meaning for emphasis ([16:11](../16/11.md), [16](../16/16.md), [18](../16/18.md), [30](../16/30.md)). (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
16:1 aoh9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לְ⁠אָדָ֥ם מַֽעַרְכֵי־לֵ֑ב וּ֝⁠מֵ⁠יְהוָ֗ה מַעֲנֵ֥ה לָשֽׁוֹן 1 Here, **the heart**, **a man's**, **the answer**, and **the tongue** refer to these things and people in general, not a specific thing or person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “The arrangements of the hearts are those people’s, but the answers of the tongues are from Yahweh”
16:1 lzbp rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מַֽעַרְכֵי־לֵ֑ב & מַעֲנֵ֥ה לָשֽׁוֹן 1 If your language does not use abstract nouns for the ideas of **arrangements** and **answer**, you could express the same ideas in other ways. See how you translated **answer** in [15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “Things that the heart arranges … what the tongue answers”
16:1 e2qs rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַֽעַרְכֵי־לֵ֑ב 1 **The arrangements of the heart** here could mean: (1) **arrangements** about what to say, which is suggested by the phrase **the answer of the tongue** in the next clause. Alternate translation: “The arrangements of the heart regarding what to say” (2) human **arrangements** in general. Alternate translation: “The arrangements of the heart about something”
@ -1892,7 +1892,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
16:2 m6li rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor בְּ⁠עֵינָ֑י⁠ו 1 See how you translated the same use of **eyes** in [3:4](../03/04.md).
16:2 g38w rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit וְ⁠תֹכֵ֖ן & יְהוָֽה 1 Here, **examines** refers to judging or evaluating. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “but Yahweh judges”
16:2 cdo5 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רוּח֣וֹת 1 Here, **spirits** refers to the thoughts and motives of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “people’s thoughts”\n
16:3 ejds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה מַעֲשֶׂ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Here, Solomon refers to people depending on Yahweh for the outcome of their **works** as if those **works** were objects that one could **Roll to Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Depend on Yahweh for the outcome of your works”
16:3 ejds rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה מַעֲשֶׂ֑י⁠ךָ 1 Here Solomon refers to people depending on Yahweh for the outcome of their **works** as if those **works** were objects that one could **Roll to Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Depend on Yahweh for the outcome of your works”
16:3 x2z7 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns מַעֲשֶׂ֑י⁠ךָ & מַחְשְׁבֹתֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 See how you translated the abstract nouns **works** in [8:22](../08/22.md) and **plans** in [1:31](../01/31.md).
16:3 ivq4 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive וְ֝⁠יִכֹּ֗נוּ מַחְשְׁבֹתֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will establish your plans”
16:3 rubi rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor וְ֝⁠יִכֹּ֗נוּ 1 Here, Solomon uses **established** to refer to something being achieved or successful. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and … will be successful”\n
@ -1902,7 +1902,7 @@ front:intro spe4 0 # Introduction to Proverbs\n\n## Part 1: General Introduct
16:4 opfb rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun רָ֝שָׁ֗ע 1 See how you translated this phrase in [9:7](../09/07.md).
16:4 zekt rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit לְ⁠י֣וֹם רָעָֽה 1 Here, **the day of evil** could refer to a time when **wicked** people experience disaster. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for the time of disaster”\n
16:5 zp0g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת יְ֭הוָה 1 See how you translated this phrase in [3:32](../03/32.md).
16:5 lkb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גְּבַהּ־לֵ֑ב 1 Here, Solomon refers to a proud person as if that person had a **heart** that was **high**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who is proud” or “arrogant one”
16:5 lkb8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor גְּבַהּ־לֵ֑ב 1 Here Solomon refers to a proud person as if that person had a **heart** that was **high**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who is proud” or “arrogant one”
16:5 wh4a rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom יָ֥ד לְ֝⁠יָ֗ד 1 See how you translated this phrase in [11:21](../11/21.md).
16:5 ixub rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה 1 Although the term **he** is masculine, Solomon is using the word in a generic sense that includes both men and women. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “that person will not remain blameless”
16:5 cq2g rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes לֹ֣א יִנָּקֶֽה 1 See how you translated **will not remain blameless** in [11:21](../11/21.md).

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@ -2857,10 +2857,9 @@ front:intro rx9u 0 # Introduction to Psalms\n\n## Part 1: General Introductio
74:10 nv8x rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy יְנָ֘אֵ֤ץ אוֹיֵ֖ב שִׁמְ⁠ךָ֣ לָ⁠נֶֽצַח 1 Here, God’s **name** represents God himself. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Will the enemy treat you with contempt forever” or “Will the enemy speak about you with contempt forever”
74:11 mc4f rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy לָ֤⁠מָּה תָשִׁ֣יב יָ֭דְ⁠ךָ וִֽ⁠ימִינֶ֑⁠ךָ 1 Here, God’s **hand** is associated with action and the phrase **right hand** further describes the first mention of God’s **hand** and describes God’s **hand** as being his **right hand** which was associated with power in that culture. The psalmist is asking God to powerfully intervene on behalf of his people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression from your language or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Why do you refuse to intervene and help us with your great strength?” or “Why do you refuse to intervene and help us with your great power?”
74:11 o7yf rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מִ⁠קֶּ֖רֶב חֵֽיקְךָ֣ כַלֵּֽה 1 The psalmist is speaking as if God literally had a **hand** tucked **within the fold** of a garment. He means that it feels as if God is choosing not to take action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile, with an equivalent expression from your culture, or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Your inaction feels like you have your hand within the fold of your garment. Please take action and destroy our enemies”
74:12 n2ul General Information: 1 # General Information:\n\nThis begins a new theme: Asaph is proclaiming God’s mighty deeds in the history of his people.
74:12 r8vz God has been my king from ancient times 1 This could mean: (1) Asaph is speaking as Israel’s representative, “God has been our king since we Israelites first became a nation” or (2) “God, my king, was alive even in ancient times.”
74:12 r8vz rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit מַלְכִּ֣⁠י 1 Though the psalmist refers to **God** as **my king** here, it is likely that he is expressing that **God** is the **king** of every person who belongs to the nation of Israel. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly as modeled by the UST.
74:12 emzy מִ⁠קֶּ֑דֶם 1 See how you translated the phrase **ancient times** in [74:2](../74/02.md).
74:12 tqm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns bringing salvation 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “to save.” Here Yahweh saving people is spoken of as if salvation were an object that he brings with him. Alternate translation: “saving people” (See also: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
74:12 tqm1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns פֹּעֵ֥ל יְ֝שׁוּע֗וֹת 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **salvation**, you could express the same idea with a verbal form such as “save,” or in some other way that is natural. Alternate translation: “doing many mighty things to save your people”
74:13 gap9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit You divided & in the waters 1 Asaph is probably speaking of the time God brought Israel out of Egypt, divided the Sea of Reeds, led Israel through it on dry land, then drowned Pharaoh’s army.
74:13 ag39 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification You divided the sea by your strength 1 Asaph is speaking of God as if God had a physical body. “You are so strong you were able to make dry land in the middle of the sea.”
74:13 r6uh the sea 1 Alternate translation: “the great water”

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@ -513,12 +513,12 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
8:6 zl22 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile שִׂימֵ֨⁠נִי כַֽ⁠חוֹתָ֜ם עַל־לִבֶּ֗⁠ךָ כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The point of this comparison is that the woman wants the man she loves to be close to her like a **seal** hanging from a cord around his neck that hangs down over his **heart** (chest) and like a **seal** that is worn on his **arm**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison or express this meaning in plain language. Alternately, you could express the point of comparison as modeled by the UST. Alternate translation: “Please keep me very near to you”
8:6 ixip rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The word which the ULT translates as **hand** can refer to any part of the arm, including the wrist and hand. The phrase **the seal on your arm** refers to a **seal** that is worn on a bracelet on the wrist. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “like a seal worn on your wrist” or “like a seal worn on a bracelet on your wrist”
8:6 eq3p rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis כַּֽ⁠חוֹתָם֙ עַל־זְרוֹעֶ֔⁠ךָ 1 The speaker is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages to be complete. If it would help your readers, you could supply these words from the context. Alternate translation: “place me like the seal on your arm”
8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 The phrase **strong like death is love** and the phrase **unyielding like Sheol is passion** are both similes for the power of romantic love. The point of comparison between romantic **love** and **death** is that they are both very strong and overcome a person in a powerful and irresistible way. The point of comparison between **Sheol** and the **passion** of romantic love is that they are both **unyielding**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison from your culture.
8:6 tci8 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 The phrase **strong like death is love** and the phrase **unyielding like Sheol is zeal** are both similes for the power of romantic love. The point of comparison between romantic **love** and **death** is that they are both very strong and overcome a person in a powerful and irresistible way. The point of comparison between **Sheol** and the **zeal** of romantic love is that they are both **unyielding**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent comparison from your culture.
8:6 bqf1 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns כִּֽי־עַזָּ֤ה כַ⁠מָּ֨וֶת֙ אַהֲבָ֔ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **love**, you could express the meaning with a verb, as modeled by the UST, or you could express the meaning in some other way that is natural in your language.
8:6 kkfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 Here, the word the ULT translates as **passion** could: (1) have the positive meaning of romantic zeal or fervor and refer to the romantic fervor of lovers. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is the zeal lovers have for each other” or “the passionate feelings lovers have for one another is unyielding like Sheol” (2) refer to the negative feeling of a lover being jealous for the affection, love, and attention of the person they love romantically. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is jealousy” or “the jealousy lovers have for the love of one another is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 jzw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **passion**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “lovers zealously love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 kkfg rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 Here, the word the ULT translates as **zeal** could: (1) have the positive meaning of romantic zeal or fervor and refer to the romantic zeal of lovers. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is the zeal lovers have for each other” or “the passionate feelings lovers have for one another is unyielding like Sheol” (2) refer to the negative feeling of a lover being jealous for the affection, love, and attention of the person they love romantically. Alternate translation: “unyielding like Sheol is jealousy” or “the jealousy lovers have for the love of one another is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 jzw0 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns קָשָׁ֥ה כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל קִנְאָ֑ה 1 If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of **zeal**, you could express the same idea with an adverb or in some other way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “lovers zealously love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol” or “lovers passionately love each other in a way that is unyielding like Sheol”
8:6 fgrc rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy כִ⁠שְׁא֖וֹל 1 This line is parallel in meaning to the preceding line. The woman is again referring to **death**. Here, she is describing **death** by association with **Sheol**, which is where dead people were thought to go in that culture. If your readers would not understand this, you could use plain language, as modeled by the UST, or use an equivalent expression from your culture.
8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here, the woman is speaking of the **passion** of love as if it were **flashes of fire** and **the flame of Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love’s passion is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh”
8:6 fvz9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor רְשָׁפֶ֕י⁠הָ רִשְׁפֵּ֕י אֵ֖שׁ שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 Here, the woman is speaking of the **zeal** of romantic love as if it were **flashes of fire** and **the flame of Yahweh**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “The zeal of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh” or “The passion of lovers is like flashes of fire and like the flame of Yahweh”
8:6 tw71 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom שַׁלְהֶ֥בֶתְ יָֽה 1 The phrase **the flame of Yah** is an idiom that refers to lightening. If your readers would not understand this, you could use use plain language or indicate the meaning in a footnote. Alternate translation: “the lightening of Yah” or “the flashes of lightening”
8:7 baf6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ 1 Here, **love** is spoken of as though it is a strongly burning fire which **Many waters** (a great amount of water) cannot **quench** and which **rivers** cannot **drown**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning with a simile or you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Love is so strong that it is like a strong fire that great amounts of water cannot quench and which rivers full of water cannot put out” or “The feelings of love which a man and a woman who are lovers have for each other is very strong” or “Nothing can stop romantic love”\n
8:7 j0q6 מַ֣יִם רַבִּ֗ים לֹ֤א יֽוּכְלוּ֙ לְ⁠כַבּ֣וֹת אֶת־הָֽ⁠אַהֲבָ֔ה וּ⁠נְהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ⁠הָ 1 Alternate translation: “Nothing can extinguish our love for each other, not even a flood”
@ -559,4 +559,4 @@ front:intro an3g 0 # Introduction to the Song of Songs\n\n## Part 1: General
8:14 c6a2 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit בְּרַ֣ח 1 Here, the word **Flee** means “come quickly.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Come quickly” or “Hurry”
8:14 zh44 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile דּוֹדִ֗⁠י וּֽ⁠דְמֵה־לְ⁠ךָ֤ לִ⁠צְבִי֙ א֚וֹ לְ⁠עֹ֣פֶר הָֽ⁠אַיָּלִ֔ים 1 See how you translated the similar expression “My beloved is resembling a gazelle or a young stag” in [2:9](../02/09.md).
8:14 mqx9 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor עַ֖ל הָרֵ֥י בְשָׂמִֽים 1 The phrase **the mountains of spices** has a double meaning. The literal meaning refers to **mountains** where **spices** grow. The metaphorical meaning is that the woman herself is the **mountains** where **spices** grow and she wants the man she loves to come to her and enjoy her body. If it would help your readers, you could indicate the metaphorical meaning in a footnote.
8:14 fo1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְשָׂמִֽים 1
8:14 fo1f rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown בְשָׂמִֽים 1
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