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:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/participle_passive.rst
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.. _participle_passive:
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Participle Passive
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==================
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Summary
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-------
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A passive participle is a non-finite verbal form with passive or reflexive voice that can function
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as a verb (or verbal complement), an adjective, or a noun. In Biblical Aramaic, passive participles most often function
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as either an :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjective or a :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>` adjective.
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.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/participle_passive-summary.rst
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Article
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-------
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.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/participle-article.rst
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.. include:: en_uhg/content/includes/participle_passive-article.rst
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.. include:: includes/participle_article.txt
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Passive participles express verbal action in either :ref:`passive voice<stem-voice-passive>` or
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:ref:`reflexive voice<stem-voice-reflexive>`. Passive voice means that the person/thing described by the
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participle receives the action expressed by the participle itself. Reflexive voice means that the person/thing described by
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the participle both performs and receives the action expressed by the participle itself.
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.. note:: Only the :ref:`Qal<stem_qal>` stem
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has a distinct passive form for the participle; in all other cases, the
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passive (or sometimes reflexive) meaning is determined by the :ref:`stem formation<stem>`
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and the specific verb.
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Form
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----
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