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2front:intromvk90# Введение во 2-е послание Петра #\n\n## Часть 1: Вводная информация ##\n\n#### Структура 2-го послания Петра ####\n\n1. Вступление (1:1-2)\n1. Напоминание о важности благочестивого образа жизни и данной нам Богом способности для этого (1:3-21)\n1. Предостережение против лжеучителей (2:1-22)\n1. Увещевание приготовиться ко второму пришествию Иисуса Христа (3:1-17)\n\n#### Кто является автором 2-го послания Петра? ####\n\nАвтором 2-го послания Петра является Симон Пётр — апостол Иисуса Христа, написавший 1-е послание Петра. Исследователи считают, что настоящее послание было написано апостолом во время его заключения в Риме, незадолго до его казни. Второе послание было адресовано тем же людям, что и первое (скорее всего, это были христиане, рассеянные по Малой Азии).\n\n#### Какова главная тема данного послания? ####\n\nПётр написал это послание с целью воодушевить христиан проводить добропорядочный и благочестивый образ жизни. Апостол предостерегал Божьих детей относительно лжеучителей, говоривших, что Иисус медлит со Своим возвращением. Пётр опровергает их слова и говорит, что Бог не медлит с исполнением Своих обещаний, но откладывает возвращение Иисуса, чтобы дать неверующим возможность покаяться и приянть Его спасение. \n\n#### Как следует переводить заголовок послания? ####\n\nВы можете оставить первоначальное название: ''2 Петра'', ''Второе Пера'' — или уточнить: ''Второе послание Петра'', ''Второе послание святого апостола Петра'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]).\n\n## Часть 2: Религиозный и культурный контекст послания ##\n\n#### Против кого выступал Пётр? ####\n\nИсследователи считают, что Пётр выступал против последователей гностицизма, искажавших Писание ради своих корыстных целей. Гностики вели нечестивый образ жизни и склоняли к нему других людей. \n\n#### Богодухновенность Писания ####\n\nВсё, что записано в Писании, представляет огромную важность. Пётр говорит своим читаетлям, что хотя стиль каждого автора индивидуален, истинным автором всего Писания является Бог (1:20-21). \n\n## Часть 3: Трудности перевода ##\n\n##### Перевод личных местоимений первого лица (''я''- ''мы'') #####\n\nКогда в данном послании употребляется местоимение ''я'', то речь идёт об авторе, когда ''мы'' — о Петре и его читателях (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]).\n\n#### Какие основные текстовые расхождения существуют во 2-м послании Петра? ####\n\nСовременный перевод для нижеприведённых стихов может отличаться от более раннего. В английской ULB дан более поздний вариант, а старые версии приведены в сносках. Если в вашем регионе есть какие-либо версии библейского текста, вы можете руководствоваться ими при переводе трудных мест. В противном случае, вы можете воспользоваться нижеприведёнными вариантами, представляющем собой современный перевод проблемных мест данного послания. \n\n* ''но, сковав их цепями адского мрака, передал их под стражу на суд для наказания'' (2:4). В некоторых современных и ранних версиях этот стих звучит так: ''но во тьме и бездне держит их до судного дня''.\n* ''наслаждаются своими обманами и пируют вместе с вами'' (2:13). В некоторых версиях этот стих переведён следующим образом: ''они наслаждаются своими делами, когда пиршествуют с вами на ваших праздниках любви''.\n* ''Валаама, сына Восора'' (2:15). Иногда это имя звучит как ''Валаама — сына Веора''.\n* ''основы мира, разгоревшись, разрушатся, земля и все дела на ней сгорят'' (3:10). В других версиях дан такой перевод: ''элементы, из которых состоит наш мир, будут сожжены огнём, и земля вместе со всеми её делами сгорит''.\n\n(см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]]).
31:introwjw50# 2 Петра 01 Общие замечания #\n\n#### Структура и оформление главы ####\n\nАвтор представляется читателям в 1-2 стихах (именно так в древности было принято начинать письма на Ближнем Востоке).\n\n#### Важные концепции ####\n\n##### Познание Бога #####\n\nПознание Бога заключается в развитии с Ним глубоких личных взаимоотношений, начинающихся с нашего решения принадлежать Господу. Познание в данном случае охватывает не только интеллектуальный аспект, то есть обычное ''знание о Боге'', но это спасающий процесс, в ходе которого Бог открывается нам как Личность, дарящая Свои мир и благодать (см. [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/other/know]]).\n\n##### Благочестивый образ жизни #####\n\nПётр говорит, что Бог даёт верующим всё необходимое для их благочестивого образа жизни. Поэтому каждый из нас должен стремиться тому, чтобы угождать Небесному Отцу всё больше и больше. Это сделает нас успешными и плодотворными во всём, потому что наш успех будет проистекать из личных взаимоотношений с Иисусом. Однако, если верующий отказывается жить благочестиво, это значит, что искупительная жертва Христа перестала иметь для него какое-либо значение (см. [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] и [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]]).\n\n#### Прочие трудности, возникающие при переводе данной главы ####\n\n##### Истинность Писания #####\n\nПётр говорит, что пророчества в Священном Писании, не исходили от людей, но Святой Дух открывал Божье сердце пророкам, которые изрекали и записывали послание Господа. Пётр подчёрквал, что ни он, ни другие апостолы не руководствовались человеческими рассказами, когда проповедовали людям о Христе: они лично видели и слышали, как Бог назвал Иисуса Своим Сыном.\n\n## Ссылки: ##\n\n* __[2 Петра 01:01 Замечания](./01.md)__\n* __[2 Петра intro](../front/intro.md)__\n\n__| [>>](../02/intro.md)__
41:1n1diОбщая информация:0Сначала Пётр говорит, что является автором данного послания, потом он благословляет своих читателей.
51:1xf2urc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesΣίμων Πέτρος1**Simon Peter** is the name of a man, a disciple of Jesus. See the information about him in Part 1 of the Introduction to 2 Peter.
61:1v381δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1Пётр говорит о себе как о слуге Иисуса Христа, Который дал ему апостольскую власть.
71:1mbg7τοῖς & λαχοῦσιν1Пётр имеет в виду адресатов своего послания.
81:1yy7jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτοῖς ἰσότιμον & λαχοῦσιν πίστιν1Принять веру — значит поверить в Иисуса. Альтернативный перевод: ''тем, кому Бог дал ту же драгоценную веру, что и нам'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
91:1x186rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτοῖς ἰσότιμον & λαχοῦσιν πίστιν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a verb, such as “trust” or “believe.” Alternate translation: “to those whom God has made to trust” or “to those whom God has made to believe”
101:1y157rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveἡμῖν1То есть с Петром и другими апостолами (здесь не имеются в виду получатели послания). Можно сказать: ''с нами, апостолами,..'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]).
111:1xdydἐν δικαιοσύνῃ1The word **by** indicates the means through which they received the faith. Alternate translation: “by means of the righteousness”
121:1fpslrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsδικαιοσύνῃ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν καὶ Σωτῆρος1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **righteousness** by translating the idea behind it with an adjective such as “righteous” or “right.” Alternate translation: “the righteous acts of our God and Savior” or “the right way of our God and Savior”
131:2oaejrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-blessingχάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη1In this culture, letter writers would offer a good wish for the recipient before introducing the main business of the letter. Use a form in your language that makes it clear that this is a greeting and blessing. Alternate translation: “May God increase his kind acts to you and make you more peaceful”
141:2y7l9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitχάρις & καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη1Благодать и мир способны умножиться, благодаря Богу. Можно сказать: ''Пусть Бог умножит для вас благодать и мир'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
151:2ui01rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsχάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **grace** and **peace** by stating the ideas behind them with equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: “May God multiply his kind acts to you and give you a more peaceful spirit”
161:2n59nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorχάρις & καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη1Пётр олицетворяет благодать и мир, говоря, что они способны умножаться (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
171:2x8narc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youὑμῖν1Here the pronoun **you** is plural, since Peter is writing to believers in Jesus as a group. Generally, throughout the letter the pronouns “you” and “your” are plural for this same reason.
181:2vq19rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1Вместо абстрактного существительного ''познание'' можно употребить глагол ''познавать'': ''когда вы будете познавать Бога и Господа Иисуса Христа'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
191:2xgaxἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1This could mean: (1) “because of knowing God and Jesus our Lord” or (2) “through knowing God and Jesus our Lord.”
201:2pmb9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionτοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1Here, **our Lord** means “the person who is lord over us” or “the person who rules over us.”
211:3ywj9Общая информация:0Пётр начинает наставлять верующих относительно благочестивого образа жизни.
221:3zwdorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveἡμῖν1Here, **us** refers to Peter and all believers.
231:3rtxnrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsτῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ1The pronoun **his** could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “God’s divine power” (2) Jesus. Alternate translation: “Jesus, by his power as God”
241:3xdrwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **power** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “God, because he can do anything,”
251:3xz3src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationτῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ & δεδωρημένης1Peter is speaking of God’s **divine power** as if it were a living thing that could give something to people. God is the one who is giving, and he uses his **divine power** to do so. Alternate translation: “God has used his divine power to give”
261:3x8qvrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalπρὸς ζωὴν καὶ εὐσέβειαν1Here, the word **for** indicates the purpose for which God has given all these things to believers. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of life and godliness”
271:3epx9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadysπρὸς ζωὴν καὶ εὐσέβειαν1Или ''для благочестивой жизни'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]).
281:3xr1rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsεὐσέβειαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **godliness** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “acting honorably toward God”
291:3bl1oδιὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως1The word **through** here indicates the means by which God has given us all things for life and godliness. Alternate translation: “by means of the knowledge”
301:3xvh0rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsδιὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως τοῦ καλέσαντος ἡμᾶς1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **knowledge** by translating it with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “through our knowing the one who called us”
311:3cxxoτοῦ καλέσαντος ἡμᾶς1This phrase could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “of God, who called us” (2) Jesus. Alternate translation: “of Jesus, who called us”
321:3an3zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveτοῦ καλέσαντος ἡμᾶς1Нас — то есть Петра и его читателей (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]).
331:3twp8διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς1Here, **through** indicates the means by which God called us. Alternate translation: “by means of his glory and excellence”
341:3xmxhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsδιὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **glory** and **excellence** by stating the ideas behind them with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “because he is so great and so good”
351:4g7fcδι’ ὧν1Here, **through** indicates the means by which God gave his promises. Alternate translation: “by means of which”
361:4m91mδι’ ὧν1Здесь продожается мысль, начатая в предыдущем стихе: слово ''которыми'' относится к словам ''славой и добродетелью''.
371:4zsperc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveἡμῖν1Here, **us** refers to Peter and his audience, fellow believers.
381:4dl8vrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsδεδώρηται1The pronoun **he** could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “God has given” (2) Jesus. Alternate translation: “Jesus has given”
391:4xnjnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὰ τίμια καὶ μέγιστα ἡμῖν ἐπαγγέλματα δεδώρηται,1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **promises** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “he has promised to us precious and great things”
401:4zxijrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalἵνα διὰ τούτων γένησθε θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως1This is a purpose clause. Peter is stating the purpose for which God has given to us precious and great promises. In your translation, follow the conventions of your language for purpose clauses. Alternate translation (without a comma preceding): “in order that through them you might be sharers of the divine nature”
411:4f42fγένησθε & κοινωνοὶ1чтобы вы могли приобщиться к Божьей природе
421:4umh8rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsδιὰ τούτων1Here the pronoun **them** refers back to the precious and great promises of the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “through these promises”
431:4yk7gθείας & φύσεως1чтобы вы могли уподобиться Богу
441:4p2yjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἀποφυγόντες τῆς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ φθορᾶς1Пётр говорит, что верующим следует убегать от развращения этого мира и его страстей. Вместо абстрактного существительного ''развращение'' можно употребить глагол ''развратить'': ''и избежали страстей этого мира, способных нас развратить'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
451:4xxujrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyἐν τῷ κόσμῳ1Here, **the world** could mean: (1) the place where we all live, where we are surrounded by sinful people and temptations to sin. Alternate translation: “that is all around us” (2) the system of values that people share who do not honor God. Alternate translation: “of the world’s ungodly value system”
461:4wnecἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ1Here, **by** indicates the means by which the world became corrupt. It does not indicate the means by which Peter’s addressees escaped corruption. Alternate translation: “by means of lust”
471:4kjnhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsφθορᾶς1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **corruption** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “things that corrupt you”
481:5exd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitαὐτὸ τοῦτο1Пётр продолжает мысль, начатую в предыдущем стихе. Альтернативный перевод: ''Поэтому вы со всем усердием'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
491:5ceirσπουδὴν πᾶσαν παρεισενέγκαντες1The phrase **applying all diligence** indicates the means by which one is to do the action of supplying that follows. Alternate translation: “by means of applying all diligence”
501:5xp0nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomσπουδὴν πᾶσαν παρεισενέγκαντες1Here, **applying all diligence** is an idiom that means doing one’s best or making the best effort. Alternate translation: “making every effort”
511:5j0trrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a verb such as “trust” or “believe.” Alternate translation: “as you trust in Jesus, add”
521:5tukxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youὑμῶν1The pronoun **your** is plural here, since Peter is writing to believers in Jesus as a group. Generally, throughout the letter the pronouns “you” and “your” are plural for this same reason.
531:5wj3wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν ἀρετήν & τῇ ἀρετῇ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **goodness** with an adjective phrase in both occurrences in this verse. Alternate translation: “doing what is good … doing what is good”
541:5x74irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in your goodness, knowledge”
551:5r61trc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν γνῶσιν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **knowledge** using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “knowing more about God”
561:6anfsrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ γνώσει τὴν ἐνκράτειαν1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in knowledge, self-control”
571:6anfarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῇ γνώσει1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **knowledge** by translating it using a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “knowing more about God”
581:6s5nirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν ἐνκράτειαν & τῇ ἐνκρατείᾳ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **self-control** with a verbal phrase in both occurrences in this verse. Alternate translation: “controlling yourself … controlling yourself”
591:6wloyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ ἐνκρατείᾳ τὴν ὑπομονήν1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in self-control, endurance”
601:6ajagrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν ὑπομονήν & τῇ ὑπομονῇ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **endurance** with a verbal phrase in both occurrences in this verse. Alternate translation: “enduring hardship … enduring hardship”
611:6milerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ ὑπομονῇ τὴν εὐσέβειαν,1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in endurance, godliness”
621:6x7gorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν εὐσέβειαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **godliness** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “acting honorably toward God”
631:7nbk3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ εὐσεβείᾳ τὴν φιλαδελφίαν1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in godliness, brotherly affection”
641:7a8tiτὴν φιλαδελφίαν1Речь идёт не только о любви к членам своей биологической семьи, но также о любви к братьям и сёстрам во Христе.
651:7xzwnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν δὲ τῇ φιλαδελφίᾳ τὴν ἀγάπην1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “and supply in brotherly affection, love”
661:7h713rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν ἀγάπην1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **love** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “loving others”
671:8tlhvrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultταῦτα γὰρ ὑμῖν ὑπάρχοντα καὶ πλεονάζοντα1The word **For** here indicates that Peter is giving a reason why his audience should obey the command given in [1:5–7](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “Because these things existing and increasing in you”
681:8ecc5rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypotheticalταῦτα γὰρ ὑμῖν ὑπάρχοντα καὶ πλεονάζοντα, οὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους καθίστησιν1Peter is describing a conditional situation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express it that way. Alternate translation: “For if these things are existing and increasing in you, then they will cause you to be neither barren nor unfruitful”
691:8jz77ταῦτα1То есть вера, добродетель, знание, воздержание, терпение, благочестие, братолюбие и любовь, о которых говорилось в предыдущем стихе.
701:8l7yjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorοὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους καθίστησιν1Человек без вышеперечисленных добродетелей подобен бесплодному полю, не приносящему урожая. Вместо отрицательной конструкции можно употребить утвердительную: ''вы будете успешны и плодотворны'' или ''вы будете эффективны'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]]).
711:8qcavrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesοὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους καθίστησιν1If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in positive terms. Alternate translation: “cause you to produce and bear fruit”
721:8f9qmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους1Эти понятия являются синонимами, но употребляются вместе, чтобы усилить мысль о том, что если все перечисленные добродетели умножаются в человеке, то он будет успешен. Можно сказать: ''он не останется бесплодным'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]).
731:8ppd8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsεἰς τὴν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἐπίγνωσιν1Вместо абстрактного существительного ''познание'': можно употебить глагол ''познавать'': ''когда будете познавать Господа Иисуса Христа'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
741:9k6lvrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1**For** indicates that Peter is giving another reason why his audience should obey the command given in [1:5–7](../01/05.md). Peter gave a positive reason in [1:8](../01/08.md) and gives a negative reason here. Alternate translation: “Because”
751:9gg2cᾧ & μὴ πάρεστιν ταῦτα1а люди, в которых этого нет
761:9vycfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitταῦτα1The phrase **these things** refers back to the faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, endurance, godliness, brotherly affection, and love, which Peter mentioned in [1:5–7](../01/05.md).
771:9h6fnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτυφλός ἐστιν μυωπάζων1Пётр сравнивает таких людей со слепыми, потому что они не понимают, насколько ценным является познание Иисуса. Альтернативный перевод: ''тот подобен близорукому или слепому человеку, не способном видеть важность'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
781:9xenfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadysτυφλός ἐστιν μυωπάζων1Although the words **blind** and **nearsighted** have similar meanings, **blind** is more extreme than **nearsighted,** and a person cannot be both at the same time. If it is confusing in your language to describe someone using both of these words in this way, you could use a word like “or” between them or show how they might work together. Alternate translation: “he … is blind or nearsighted” or “he … is blindly nearsighted” or “he … is so nearsighted that he is blind to what is spiritually important”
791:9i0hqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsλήθην λαβὼν τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **forgetfulness** in this phrase with a verb. Alternate translation: “having forgotten the cleansing”
801:9gq4drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν πάλαι αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτιῶν1Вместо абстрактного существительного ''очищение'' можно использовать глагол ''очистил'': ''забыл о том, что Бог очистил все его прежние грехи'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
811:9gopxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν πάλαι αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτιῶν.1Peter is speaking of forgiving sin as if sin were something that made people dirty and thus required **cleansing** from God. Alternate translation: “of the forgiving of his past sins”
821:10ob38rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultδιὸ1Peter uses **Therefore** to introduce a description of what his readers should do as a result of what he has just said. He is referring specifically to the two reasons for obedience given in [1:8–9](../01/08.md). Alternate translation: “Because of these reasons”
831:10xfdbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἀδελφοί1Peter is using the term **brothers** as a way to directly address his fellow believers in Jesus. See the UST.
841:10ot7yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotationsἀδελφοί1Peter is using the term **brothers** in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Be sure that this is clear in your translation so that your readers do not get the impression that Peter is addressing only men. If you use a word such as “believers” to translate the metaphor **brothers**, you may need to use both the masculine and the feminine forms of that word in your language. If you retain the metaphor, you could state “my brothers and sisters.”
851:10raa1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletβεβαίαν ὑμῶν τὴν κλῆσιν καὶ ἐκλογὴν ποιεῖσθαι1Слова ''призвание'' и ''избрание'' — это синонимы, с помощью которых Пётр хочет сказать, что Бог избрал верующих, и они Ему принадлежат. Альтенативный перевод: ''постарайтесь удостовериться в том, что Бог действительно вас избрал и что вы Ему принадлежите'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]).
861:10pm78rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsταῦτα γὰρ ποιοῦντες1Here, **these things** refers back to the faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, endurance, godliness, brotherly affection, and love which Peter mentioned in [1:5–7](../01/05.md).
871:10xx39rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-hypotheticalταῦτα γὰρ ποιοῦντες οὐ μὴ πταίσητέ ποτε1Peter is describing a conditional situation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express it that way. Alternate translation: “For if you do these things, then you will certainly not ever stumble”
881:10kd2tοὐ μὴ πταίσητέ ποτε1The combination of the words **certainly not ever** here expresses strong emphatic negation. Alternate translation: “you will most certainly never stumble”
891:10jcv9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorοὐ μὴ πταίσητέ1Слово ''споткнётесь'' здесь может употребляться в одном из двух значений: 1) не согрешите: ''никогда не сможете согрешить''; 2) не предадите Христа: ''всегда будете верны Иисусу Христу'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
901:11xvh1rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1**For** indicates that Peter is giving a reason why his readers should want to obey the commands given in [1:5–7](../01/05.md) and [1:10](../01/10.md).
911:11sl6crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitοὕτως1Here, **in this way** refers back to the way of living that includes the faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, endurance, godliness, brotherly affection, and love, which Peter mentioned in [1:5–7](../01/05.md).
921:11f45vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveπλουσίως ἐπιχορηγηθήσεται ὑμῖν ἡ εἴσοδος εἰς τὴν αἰώνιον βασιλείαν1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''так Бог поможет вам войти в Его вечное Царство'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
931:11k1e4ἡ εἴσοδος1так вы получите возможность войти
941:12du69Связующее утверждение:0Пётр говорит, что он обязан напоминать верующим об истине и наставлять их в этом отношении.
951:12xxjqrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsτούτων1Here, **these things** refers back to what Peter has stated in the previous verses, specifically to faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, endurance, godliness, brotherly affection, and love, which Peter mentioned in [1:5–7](../01/05.md).
961:12onqhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveἐστηριγμένους ἐν1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: “you learned well”
971:12l2khἐστηριγμένους ἐν τῇ & ἀληθείᾳ1вы твёрдо верите в истину
981:12jys8ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ1Here, **in** has the meaning of “in reference to” or “with regard to.” Alternate translation: “in reference to the present truth”
991:12pqq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ1Here, **present** is used as if **truth** were an object that could be there with Peter’s audience. Here it does not refer to present time. Alternate translation: “in the truth that you have” or “in the truth that is with you”
1001:12yy7rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **truth** with an adjective, such as “true.” Alternate translation: “in these true teachings”
1011:13p1darc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrasesδὲ1**But** could mean: (1) Peter is contrasting what he just said in the previous verse with what he is about to say. His audience already knows the truth, but he wants to remind them again. Alternate translation, as in the UST: “Nevertheless.” (2) Peter is connecting this statement with what he said at the beginning of the previous verse. Peter is always ready to remind them of the truth, and he thinks it is correct to do so. Alternate translation: “And”
1021:13ax2arc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐφ’ ὅσον εἰμὶ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ σκηνώματι1Пётр сравнивает своё тело с хижиной, в которой он временно живёт. ''Находиться в хижине'' — значит ''жить'', ''оставить хижину'' — значит ''умереть''. Альтернативный перевод: ''пока я нахожусь в теле'', ''пока я живу на этой земле'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]).
1031:13vmj2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorδιεγείρειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ὑπομνήσει1Пробуждать — значит будить кого-то от сна. Пётр говорит, что его напоминание помогает верующим проснуться духовно. Альтернативный перевод: ''напоминать вам об этом, чтобы вы могли размышлять'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1041:13q0svrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsδιεγείρειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ὑπομνήσει1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **remembrance** in this phrase with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “to remind you”
1051:14slejrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultεἰδὼς1In this clause Peter is giving a reason why he will always remind his audience of doctrinal truths in this letter, specifically faith, goodness, knowledge, self-control, endurance, godliness, brotherly affection, and love, which Peter mentioned in [1:5–7](../01/05.md). Alternate translation: “This is because I know”
1061:14j8f5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorταχινή ἐστιν ἡ ἀπόθεσις τοῦ σκηνώματός μου1Пётр сравнивает своё тело с хижиной, в которой он временно живёт. ''Находиться в хижине'' — значит ''жить'', ''оставить хижину'' — значит ''умереть''. Альтернативный перевод:: ''зная, что очень скоро мне предстоит оставить моё тело'', ''зная, что вскоре я умру'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]).
1071:14fpngrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismταχινή ἐστιν ἡ ἀπόθεσις τοῦ σκηνώματός μου1**Putting off** his **tent** is a nice way to refer to dying. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this directly. Alternate translation: “I will die soon”
1081:14yzagκαθὼς καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς, ἐδήλωσέν μοι1Suggested footnote: “Peter may be referring here to what Jesus told him, as recorded in John 21:18–19.”
1091:15aau5rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrasesδὲ καὶ1**Likewise** here could mean that: (1) this statement is in addition to what Peter just said in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “Moreover” (2) this statement is contrasting what he just said in the previous verse with what he is about to say. Alternate translation: “But”
1101:15xz8drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἑκάστοτε, ἔχειν ὑμᾶς & τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **remembrance** in this phrase with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “to remind you of these things”
1111:15c2iwἑκάστοτε, ἔχειν ὑμᾶς & τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι1Об этом — то есть обо всём, что Пётр сказал им в предыдущих стихах.
1121:15ivw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismμετὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ἔξοδον1Peter uses the word **departure** as a nice way to speak of his death. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more common euphemism in your language, or state it directly. Alternate translation: “after my passing” or “after I die”
1131:16k3rmСвязующее утверждение:0Автор послания продолжает говорить об истинности и достоверности учения о Христе.
1141:16vc99rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveοὐ γὰρ σεσοφισμένοις μύθοις ἐξακολουθήσαντες1Пётр говорит о себе и других апостолах, не имея в виду своих читателей. Можно сказать: ''мы, апостолы, не полагаемся на россказни'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]).
1151:16jwy8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadysτὴν & δύναμιν καὶ παρουσίαν1Эти два слова являются синонимами и могут быть переведены одним очетанием: ''о могущественном пришествии'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]]).
1161:16zs6vτοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ & παρουσίαν1Возможные значения: 1) речь идёт о втором пришествии Иисуса Христа; 2) Пётр имеет в виду первый приход Мессии.
1171:16v4kdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveτοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1Нашего Господа — то есть Господа всех верующих (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]).
1181:16miqeἐπόπται γενηθέντες1This phrase indicates the means by which the apostles had made known to others the second coming of Jesus. The apostles based their teaching about the return of Jesus partly on their eyewitness experience. Alternate translation: “by means of becoming eyewitnesses”
1191:16xxhhrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsτῆς ἐκείνου μεγαλειότητος1The pronoun **that one** refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “of the majesty of Jesus”
1201:16k3w3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῆς ἐκείνου μεγαλειότητος1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **majesty** with an adjective such as “majestic.” Alternate translation: “of his majestic nature”
1211:17x93arc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1Here, **For** indicates that what follows in [1:17–18](../01/17.md) is the reason that Peter can say in the previous verse that he was an eyewitness to the majesty of Jesus. Use a connector that indicates that this is a reason or explanation. Alternate translation: “I say this because”
1221:17q605rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesπαρὰ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς1**Father** is an important title for God.
1231:17xlphrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsλαβὼν & παρὰ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **honor** and **glory** by translating them with equivalent expressions that use verbs. Alternate translation: “and God the Father honored and glorified him”
1241:17m33hrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveφωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης αὐτῷ & ὑπὸ τῆς Μεγαλοπρεποῦς Δόξης1Вместо страдательного залога можно употребить действительный: ''когда мы слышали голос, который раздался из Божьей величественной славы'' или ''когда Величественная Слава изрекла о Нём такие слова:..'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
1251:17o62frc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotationsφωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης αὐτῷ τοιᾶσδε ὑπὸ τῆς Μεγαλοπρεποῦς Δόξης1Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “such a voice having been brought to him by the Majestic Glory, and this is what God said”
1261:17sz0prc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐνεχθείσης αὐτῷ1The pronoun **him** refers to Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state explicitly the idea behind this connection. Alternate translation: “having been brought to Jesus”
1271:17yd8grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyτῆς Μεγαλοπρεποῦς Δόξης1Величественная слава — это Божья слава. Пётр использует эвфемизм, чтобы не называть святое Божье имя из страха перед Его величием. Можно сказать: ''от Бога и Его могущественной славы'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]]).
1281:17cxh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciplesὁ Υἱός μου1**Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God.
1291:17ppumrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsμου & μου & ἐγὼ1The pronouns **my** and **myself** refer to God the Father, who is the one speaking in the quotation.
1301:18ezn2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveταύτην τὴν φωνὴν ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐνεχθεῖσαν1Пётр говорит о себе, Иоанне и Иакове — очевидцах преображения Иисуса Христа. Альтернативный перевод: ''мы лично слышали Божий голос, прозвучавший с Небес'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]]).
1311:18chy4ταύτην τὴν φωνὴν & ἠκούσαμεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐνεχθεῖσαν1голос Бога, проговорившего с Небес
1321:18mlm9σὺν αὐτῷ, ὄντες1когда мы были с Иисусом
1331:18ricvrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsσὺν αὐτῷ1Here, **him** refers to Jesus, not God the Father. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this reference explicitly. Alternate translation: “being with Jesus”
1341:18daqirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτῷ ἁγίῳ ὄρει1The **mountain** Peter refers to is the mountain on which Jesus was powerfully transformed in the event known as the “transfiguration.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this information explicitly. Alternate translation: “on the holy mountain on which Jesus was powerfully transformed”
1351:19h498rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitκαὶ ἔχομεν βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον1Древние пророчества подтверждают всё, что видели Пётр и другие апостолы (речь идёт о том, что было сказано в предыдущих стихах). Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: ''У нас есть достоверное пророческое послание о том, что мы видели'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
1361:19z3narc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusiveκαὶ ἔχομεν1Мы — то есть все верующие, включая самого Петра и его читателей (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]]).
1371:19l7zqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitβεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον1Речь идёт о ветхозаветных пророчествах. Альтернативный перевод: ''верные пророчества, записанные в Писании'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
1381:19sjd3ᾧ καλῶς ποιεῖτε προσέχοντες1Автор убеждает Божьих детей очень внимательно отнестись к тому, что написано в пророчествах.
1391:19xilfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeᾧ καλῶς ποιεῖτε προσέχοντες1Peter uses the statement **you do well** to tell his audience that they should pay attention to the Old Testament Scriptures. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this phrase by translating this phrase as a suggestion or command. Alternate translation: “to which you should pay attention”
1401:19xt8irc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simileὡς λύχνῳ φαίνοντι ἐν αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ, ἕως οὗ ἡμέρα διαυγάσῃ1Апостол сравнивает ветхозаветные пророчества со светильником, освещающим тьму до тех пор, пока не наступит утро. Под ''наступлением утра'' имеется в виду возвращение Иисуса Христа (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]).
1411:19hmb7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἕως οὗ ἡμέρα διαυγάσῃ1Peter speaks of Christ’s second coming by calling it the new **day** that comes in the morning. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “until the day Christ returns”
1421:19kc3lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorφωσφόρος ἀνατείλῃ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν1Пётр говорит о Христе как об ''Утренней звезде'', Которая предвещает рассвет и приходит вместо тьмы. Христос принесёт просвещение в сердца верующих и положит конец всем сомнениям. Он даст нам полное понимание того, Кем Он является. Под ''сердцами'' здесь подразумеваются души людей. Альтернативный перевод: ''Христос осветит Своим светом ваши сердца так же, как утренняя звезда освещает наш мир'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
1431:19v0jurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν1Here, **hearts** is a metonym for people’s minds. Alternate translation: “in your minds” or “to help you understand”
1441:19bl8sφωσφόρος1Утренняя звезда — это планета Венера, появляющаяся на небе перед восходом солнца и предвещающая наступение утра.
1451:20wcn9τοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες1кроме того, вы должны понять, что
1461:20ctizrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeτοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες1Peter is using a statement to give an instruction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this by translating it as a command. If you do so, it might be helpful to start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “Above all, know this”
1471:20s4k2προφητεία & ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται1Возможные значения: 1) пророки никогда не изрекали пророчеств от самих себя; 2) мы должны полагаться на водительство Святого Духа при толковании пророчеств; 3) мы должны истолковывать пророчества сообща, всей церковью.
1481:20p5xorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως1The word **interpretation** is an abstract noun that represents an action. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this with a verb. Alternate translation: “no prophet interpreted his prophecy according to what he himself thought”
1491:21isqjrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1**For** indicates that what follows is the reason that the statement of the previous verse is true. It could mean: (1) the prophets could not prophesy according to their own interpretations, because true prophecy could only come from the Holy Spirit. (2) no one can interpret prophecy without help from the Holy Spirit, because the prophecy came from the Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: “The reason for this is that”
1501:21evx4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveοὐ & θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη προφητεία ποτέ1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form, and you can state who did the action. Alternate translation: “no prophet ever prophesied by the will of man” or “the will of man never produced any prophecy”
1511:21yxdxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsοὐ & θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη προφητεία ποτέ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **will** with a verbal phrase, such as “what a man desires.” Alternate translation: “no prophecy was ever made according to what a man desires”
1521:21x2hvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotationsθελήματι ἀνθρώπου1Peter is using the term **man** in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “by human desire”
1531:21mh2src://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὑπὸ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου φερόμενοι, ἐλάλησαν ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ἄνθρωποι1Пётр говорит, что пророки записывали откровения, которые им давал Святой Дух. При этом Он как бы вёл их, переводя из одного места в другое. Альтернативный перевод: ''но его изрекали святые Божьи люди, которых направлял Святой Дух'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
1541:21x1xwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐλάλησαν ἀπὸ Θεοῦ1In this phrase, Peter is leaving out a word that it would need in many languages in order to be complete. If this word is required in your language, it can be supplied from earlier in the verse. Alternate translation: “spoke prophecy from God”
1552:intromv790# 2 Петра 02 Общие замечания #\n\n#### Важные концепции ####\n\n##### Плоть (тело) #####\n\nСлово ''плоть'' (''тело'') упоребляется в данной главе в значении ''падшая натура человека''. При этом речь не идёт о физичеком теле и не говорится, что оно изначально порочно. Под ''плотью'' имеется в виду стремление человека отвергать всякое благочестие и совершать грех. Таково состояние каждого человека на земле до того, как он примет Иисуса и будет наполнен Его Святым Духом (см. [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/kt/flesh]]).\n\n##### Скрытая (подразумеваемая) информация #####\n\nВ 4-8 стихах приводится несколько примеров, взятых из Ветхого Завета. Читателям будет трудно их понять, если Ветхий Завет ещё не был переведён на ваш язык. Поэтому вы можете дать краткие объяснения, если это необходимо (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).\n\n## Ссылки: ##\n\n* __[2 Петра 02:01 Замечания](./01.md)__\n\n__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__
1562:1us8uОбщая информация:0Пётр предостерегает верующих относительно лжеучителей.
1572:1l2cgἐγένοντο & ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ & καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι1Как в ветхозаветные времена лжепророки обольщали Израиль, так и в новозаветное время в церкви появятся лжеучителя, искажающие истину о Христе.
1582:1tbz8αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας1Ересь — это всё, что идёт вразрез с учением Христа и Его апостолов. Ереси разрушают веру тех, кто их принимает.
1592:1x2bnrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsαἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας,1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **destruction** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “destructive heresies” or “heresies that destroy”
1602:1jif2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionαἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας1Peter is using the possessive form to describe an opinion that is characterized by **destruction**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the adjective “destructive” instead of the noun “destruction.” Alternate translation: “destructive heresies”
1612:1wnuvαἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας1Here, **destruction** could refer to: (1) the eternal damnation of those who teach or accept these **heresies**. Alternate translation: “heresies that result in their eternal damnation” (2) the destruction of the faith of those who teach or accept these **heresies**. Alternate translation: “heresies that destroy their faith in the Messiah”
1622:1xscurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην1Here, **master** refers to Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “master Jesus who bought them”
1632:1g99zrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς Δεσπότην1Пётр называет Христа Господом или Господином — то есть хозяином Своих рабов, которых Он выкупил, отдав за них Собственную жизнь (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
1642:1xaanrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν1Here, **bringing** indicates that this clause is the result of the deeds of the false teachers described in the previous clauses. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make a new sentence here and state this connection plainly. Alternate translation: “As a result, they are bringing swift destruction on themselves.”
1652:1xk1xταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν1Here,**swift** could mean: (1) their destruction will come soon. Alternate translation: “destruction that will happen soon” or “imminent destruction” (2) their destruction will be sudden or quick. Alternate translation: “quick destruction”
1662:1flv3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **destruction** with a verb, such as “destroy.” Alternate translation: “they are causing themselves to be destroyed soon”
1672:2eevbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitπολλοὶ1If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly, as the UST does, that **many** refers to people.
1682:2xzw1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐξακολουθήσουσιν1Here Peter uses the word **follow** to refer to someone imitating the actions of someone else, like someone who walks behind another person in the same direction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor literally. Alternate translation: “will imitate their licentious acts”
1692:2dg82rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsαὐτῶν ταῖς ἀσελγείαις1Here the pronoun **their** refers to the false teachers introduced in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the licentious acts of these false teachers”
1702:2z53eταῖς ἀσελγείαις1их разврату
1712:2fz5mrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsδι’ οὓς1Here, **whom** refers to the false teachers. It does not refer to the licentious acts in the previous clause. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate explicitly, as the UST does, that this refers to the false teachers. Alternate translation: “through these false teachers”
1722:2cqjbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας1Peter uses the phrase **the way of truth** here to refer to the Christian faith or how a Christian person lives his or her life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor literally. Alternate translation: “the true Christian manner of living” or “the true Christian faith”
1732:2vspmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας1Peter is using the possessive form to describe **the way** that is characterized by **truth**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use the adjective “true” instead of the noun “truth.” Alternate translation: “the true way”
1742:2nzx7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας βλασφημηθήσεται1Путь истины — это вера в Христа. Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''неверующие люди будут оскорблять истинную веру'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
1752:2x3oorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας βλασφημηθήσεται1Peter speaks of **the way of truth** as if it were a person who could be **slandered** or shown disrespect. Alternate translation: “they will say bad things about the way of truth”
1762:2l8tarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας βλασφημηθήσεται1Peter assumes that his audience will know that unbelievers will be the ones who slander the Christian faith when they see the sensual lives of the false teachers and their followers. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the way of truth will be slandered by unbelievers”
1772:3xs4gἐν πλεονεξίᾳ1Here, **in** indicates the reason for what the false teachers do. Alternate translation: “because of greed”
1782:3td8qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν πλεονεξίᾳ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **greed** by translating the idea behind it with an adjective, such as “greedy.” Alternate translation: “because they are greedy”
1792:3dl1kπλαστοῖς λόγοις ὑμᾶς ἐμπορεύσονται1будут вымогать из вас деньги за свою ложь
1802:3xbnfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyπλαστοῖς λόγοις1Peter is using the term **words** to describe the teachings of the false teachers that were conveyed by using **words**. Alternate translation: “by false teachings”
1812:3bormrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐμπορεύσονται1Here, **they** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “these false teachers will exploit you”
1822:3xtwsrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsοἷς τὸ κρίμα ἔκπαλαι οὐκ ἀργεῖ1Here, **whom** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “condemnation from long ago is not idle for these false teachers”
1832:3xvw3οἷς τὸ κρίμα ἔκπαλαι οὐκ ἀργεῖ1Here, **for whom** indicates that the condemnation is directed again the false teachers. Alternate translation: “against whom condemnation from long ago is not idle”
1842:3k359rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationοἷς τὸ κρίμα & οὐκ ἀργεῖ, καὶ ἡ ἀπώλεια αὐτῶν οὐ νυστάζει1Пётр говорит о суде и расплате как о чём-то одушевлённом. Эти два слова в данном контексте являются синонимами, однако употребляются вместе для усиления мысли (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]]).
1852:3jetwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesοἷς τὸ κρίμα ἔκπαλαι οὐκ ἀργεῖ, καὶ ἡ ἀπώλεια αὐτῶν οὐ νυστάζει1You can translate these phrases with verbs in positive terms. Alternate translation: “their condemnation from long ago is active, and their destruction is awake”
1862:3jvh9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationτὸ κρίμα ἔκπαλαι οὐκ ἀργεῖ, καὶ ἡ ἀπώλεια αὐτῶν οὐ νυστάζει1Peter speaks of **condemnation** and **destruction** as if they are people who can be **idle** or **sleep**. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “condemnation from long ago is not ineffective, and their destruction is not delayed”
1872:3c57urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegativesοἷς τὸ κρίμα & οὐκ ἀργεῖ, καὶ ἡ ἀπώλεια αὐτῶν οὐ νυστάζει1Вместо отрицательной конструкции вы можете использовать утвердительную и заменить существительные глаголами: ''Бог вскоре будет их судить и заставит их расплатиться за всё, что они сделали'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
1882:4k2g4rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1**For** indicates here that Peter is giving the reason for the result he implicitly described in the previous verse. He is saying why the destruction of the false teachers is certain. Alternate translation: “This is because”
1892:4s115Связующее утверждение:0Пётр приводит в пример людей, взбунтовавшихся против Бога, и говорит о наказании, обрушившемся на них в результате их беззаконий.
1902:4pr13οὐκ ἐφείσατο1не оставил без наказания или ''покарал''
1912:4dzi2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishἀγγέλων ἁμαρτησάντων1Peter uses **who had sinned** to distinguish the angels who were punished by God from those that were not.
1922:4xwxnrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariantsσειροῖς ζόφου1Some of the best ancient manuscripts read “pits” instead of “chains.” If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to use the reading that it has. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to use the reading in the ULT.
1932:4uzy2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorσειροῖς ζόφου1Речь идёт о дне, когда Бог будет судить каждого человека.
1942:4b54vrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesταρταρώσας1Деепричастный оборот здесь можно опустить: ''но сковал их цепями преисподней'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
1952:4xgmprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitπαρέδωκεν1God is the one who **handed over** the angels who had sinned. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could make that explicit in your translation. Alternate translation: “God handed over”
1962:4jjzwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorπαρέδωκεν1Here, Peter speaks of God imprisoning the angels who sinned like someone who has **handed over** a criminal to the prison guards for imprisonment. Alternate translation: “imprisoned”
1972:4c2akεἰς κρίσιν1This refers to the day of judgment when God will judge every person.
1982:4plhprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsεἰς κρίσιν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **judgment** by translating it with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “to be judged”
1992:4e0uerc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitεἰς κρίσιν τηρουμένους1This phrase refers to the sinful angels mentioned earlier in the verse. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those sinful angels who are being kept for judgment”
2002:4ppvcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveεἰς κρίσιν τηρουμένους1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active verbal form and you can indicate who is doing the action. Alternate translation: “those whom God is keeping for judgment”
2012:5zx4krc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-factκαὶ1Here, **and** indicates the beginning of the second condition in a conditional sentence that extends from [2:4](../02/04.md) to [2:10](../02/10.md). Peter is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might think that what Peter is saying is not certain, then you could translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “Since”
2022:5hpv7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyἀρχαίου κόσμου οὐκ ἐφείσατο1Мир — то есть людей, живущих на земле перед потопом. Альтернативный перевод: ''если Он не простил людей, живущих в древнем мире'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
2032:5f000οὐκ ἐφείσατο1As in [2:4](../02/04.md), the word **spare** here means “to refrain from punishing.” Alternate translation: “did not refrain from punishing”
2042:5t2w9rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsοὐκ ἐφείσατο1Here, **he** refers to God. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “God did not spare”
2052:5iw5vὄγδοον, Νῶε & ἐφύλαξεν1Бог оставил в живых Ноя и его семью, когда истребил всех остальных людей древнего мира.
2062:5llfurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishΝῶε, δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα1This phrase gives us more information about Noah. It tells us that Noah proclaimed **righteousness** to the ungodly people of the ancient world. It does not distinguish this Noah from any other person named Noah.
2072:5kro6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsδικαιοσύνης κήρυκα1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **righteousness** with an equivalent expression. In this context, the term refers righteous deeds. Alternate translation: “a preacher of righteous deeds” or “a preacher of how to act rightly”
2082:5xy9urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionδικαιοσύνης κήρυκα1Peter could be using the possessive form to refer to: (1) a preacher who is characterized by righteousness. Alternate translation: “a preacher who is righteous” (2) a preacher who tells others to live righteously. Alternate translation: “one who urged others to live righteously”
2092:5enbsκατακλυσμὸν κόσμῳ ἀσεβῶν ἐπάξας1This clause indicates when God protected Noah and his other seven family members, when he **brought a flood upon the world**, as it is translated in the UST.
2102:5z814rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionκόσμῳ ἀσεβῶν1Peter could be using the possessive form to refer to: (1) the human content of the ancient world. Alternate translation: “the world that contained ungodly people” (2) the world as being characterized by ungodliness. Alternate translation: “the ungodly world”
2112:6xhcbrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-factκαὶ1Here, **and** indicates the beginning of the third condition in a conditional sentence that extends from [2:4](../02/04.md) to [2:10](../02/10.md). Peter is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might think that what Peter is saying is not certain, then you could translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “Since”
2122:6ap1jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructureκαὶ πόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας τεφρώσας καταστροφῇ κατέκρινεν1If it would be natural in your language, you could reverse the order of these phrases. Alternate translation: “and he condemned the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah to destruction, having reduced them to ashes”
2132:6gp3eπόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας τεφρώσας1И если Бог до пепла сжёг города Содом и Гоморру
2142:6xfyxrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsκαταστροφῇ κατέκρινεν1Here, **he** refers to God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could state that explicitly. Alternate translation: “God condemned them to destruction”
2152:6w1b9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsκαταστροφῇ κατέκρινεν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **destruction** by translating the idea behind it with an verb, such as “destroy.” Alternate translation: “he condemned them to be destroyed”
2162:6hgt7ὑπόδειγμα μελλόντων ἀσεβέσιν1Содом и Гоморра приводятся в пример для нечестивых людей. Бог хочет предостеречь беззаконников, что их ждёт та же участь, если они не покаются.
2172:6eocyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounἀσεβέσιν1Here, **ungodly** refers to wicked people in general, not to one specific wicked person. Alternate translation: “to an ungodly person” or “to ungodly people”
2182:7fm1pСвязующее утверждение:0Пётр приводит в пример Лота, которого Бог избавил от беззаконников, заслуживших наказание.
2192:7zif8rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐρύσατο1Here, **he** refers to God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation, as in the UST: “God rescued”
2202:7uknfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishκαταπονούμενον ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1# Connecting Statement:\n\nThis clause is giving more information about **Lot**. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could begin a new sentence here to clarify this. Alternate translation: “He was being oppressed by the behavior of the lawless ones in licentiousness”
2212:7mortrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveκαταπονούμενον ὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: “the behavior of the lawless ones in licentiousness oppressed him”
2222:7x8vyrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1Here, **by** could refer to: (1) the thing that was oppressing Lot, as in the ULT. (2) the reason why Lot was oppressed. Alternate translation: “because of the behavior of the lawless ones in licentiousness”
2232:7wrbarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsὑπὸ τῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων & ἀναστροφῆς1If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the abstract noun **behavior** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “by what the lawless ones did” or “by how the lawless ones acted”
2242:7wq2rτῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1Here, **in** indicates the content of what the lawless people were doing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **in licentiousness** with an adjective. Alternate translation: “the licentious behavior of the lawless ones”
2252:7xnysrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the abstract noun **licentiousness** with an adjective. See how you translated the plural form of this term in [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “the licentious behavior of the lawless ones” or “the wild sensual behavior of the lawless ones”
2262:7k79dτῆς τῶν ἀθέσμων ἐν ἀσελγείᾳ ἀναστροφῆς1извращёнными делами людей, нарушающих Божий закон
2272:8dvlerc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-backgroundγὰρ1Peter uses **for** here to provide background information about Lot’s life in Sodom. This is to help readers understand why Peter called Lot a righteous person in the previous verse. Peter is not using **for** here to indicate result. Use the natural form in your language for introducing background information. Alternate translation: “now”
2282:8sn4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsβλέμματι γὰρ καὶ ἀκοῇ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the abstract nouns **seeing** and **hearing** with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “for by what he saw and what he heard”
2292:8b1baὁ δίκαιος1Речь идёт о Лоте.
2302:8xdlwἐνκατοικῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς1This clause indicates the time when Lot dwelled in Sodom. Alternate translation: “when he lived among them”
2312:8xa7grc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsαὐτοῖς1Here, the pronoun **them** refers to the inhabitants of Sodom. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could specify what the pronoun **them** refers to. Alternate translation: “the people of Sodom”
2322:8ujf1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomἐνκατοικῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας1This phrase, **day from day**, is an idiom meaning “day after day” or “every day.” You may need to express this literally in your language. Alternate translation: “living among them day after day” or “living among them every day”
2332:8hpi4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheψυχὴν δικαίαν & ἐβασάνιζεν1То есть ''испытывал мучительные чувства и терзался в мыслях'': развращённое поведение жителей Содома и Гоморры сильно его угнетало. Альернативный перевод: ''не имел покоя в своей праведной душе'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]).
2342:8co5vἀνόμοις ἔργοις1This phrase could mean: (1) the **lawless works** were the means by which Lot tormented his soul. Alternate translation: “with lawless works” (2) the **lawless works** were the reason why Lot tormented his soul. Alternate translation: “because of lawless works”
2352:9j0m1rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-factοἶδεν Κύριος1This verse and the next verse are the end of a conditional sentence that extends from [2:4](../02/04.md) to [2:10](../02/10.md). Peter is giving the result of the previous conditions being true. If you have made [2:4–10](../02/04.md) into separate sentences, then you will need to indicate that [2:9](../02/09.md) is the result of the previous conditions being true. Alternate translation: “Therefore, it is true that the Lord knows how” or “Since these things are true, it is also true that the Lord knows how”
2362:9xk2arc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrasesἀδίκους δὲ εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζομένους τηρεῖν1Here, **and** could refer to: (1) a contrast between the previous clause and what follows, as in the ULT and UST. (2) a simple connection between the previous clause and what follows. Alternate translation: “and to keep the unrighteous ones to be punished in the day of judgment”
2372:9bcf3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisπειρασμοῦ & ἀδίκους δὲ εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζομένους τηρεῖν1In this clause, Peter is leaving out some words that it would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “a trial and the Lord knows how to keep the unrighteous ones to be punished in the day of judgment”
2382:9xdosrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalκολαζομένους1This is a purpose clause. Peter is stating the purpose for which God is keeping the unrighteous people. Alternate translation (without a comma preceding): “in order to be punished”
2392:9qwcmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveἀδίκους & κολαζομένους τηρεῖν1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: “to keep the unrighteous ones to punish them”
2402:9ms6uεἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως1Here, **in** could refer to: (1) when the unrighteous ones will be punished. Alternate translation: “on the day of judgment” (2) the point in time up to which the unrighteous ones will be punished. Alternate translation: “until the day of judgment”
2412:9xnf3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionἡμέραν κρίσεως1Peter is using the possessive form to describe a **day** that is characterized by **judgment**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase to explain it. Alternate translation: “the day when God judges mankind”
2422:10skh8Связующее утверждение:0Пётр перечисляет качества людей, не знающих Бога.
2432:10xuxwrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτοὺς ὀπίσω & πορευομένους1# Connecting Statement:\n\nPeter uses the phrase **going after** to refer to habitually doing something. This expression is frequently used in the Bible to describe people worshiping false gods or engaging in sexual immorality. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this plainly. Alternate translation: “those habitually engaging in”
2442:10eb1kτοὺς & σαρκὸς ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ πορευομένους1Имеется в виду, что такие люди руководствуются инстинктами своей падшей природы. Альтернативный перевод: ''тех, кто потакает своим порочным желаниям''.
2452:10xg5aἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ1Here, **in** indicates that this phrase shows the means by which the wicked people go after the flesh. Alternate translation: “by means of practicing its lusts of defilement”
2462:10xndvrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **defilement** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “in its lusts that defile”
2472:10c571rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrasesκαὶ κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας1Here, **and** indicates that this clause provides an additional characteristic of those mentioned in the previous clause. It does not indicate a second group of wicked people. These wicked people not only pursue their sinful desires, but also despise authority. Alternate translation: “and who also despise authority”
2482:10axr4κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας1не желают подчиняться Божьей власти
2492:10n89fτολμηταὶ1**Audacious ones** marks the beginning of the second section of this chapter, which continues until the end of [2:22](../02/22.md). In this section Peter describes the wicked character and deeds of the false teachers.
2502:10nkjmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamationsτολμηταὶ αὐθάδεις1The words **Audacious ones** and **Self-willed ones** are exclamations that emphasize the bold pride of the false teachers. Alternate translation: “They are so audacious and self-willed!” or “How audacious and self-willed they are!”
2512:10esb2αὐθάδεις1поступают по своей воле
2522:10x82crc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsοὐ τρέμουσιν1Here, **They** refers to the false teachers Peter introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “These false teachers do not tremble”
2532:10f4giδόξας & βλασφημοῦντες1This clause indicates the time when the false teachers do not tremble. Alternate translation: “when insulting glorious ones”
2542:10s7l1δόξας1Возможно, здесь говорится о бессмертных существах таких, как ангелы и демоны.
2552:11u2jkἰσχύϊ καὶ δυνάμει μείζονες1ангелы, которые превосходят лжеучителей по своей силе и могуществу
2562:11ljdyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἰσχύϊ καὶ δυνάμει μείζονες ὄντες1Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the surrounding context, which is a description of the false teachers. Alternate translation: “being greater in strength and power than these false teachers”
2572:11vg2jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletἰσχύϊ καὶ δυνάμει μείζονες ὄντες1The words **strength** and **power** mean similar things. Peter is using them together for emphasis. Together, the words describe extreme power. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate this pair of words with a single expression. Alternate translation: “being much more powerful”
2582:11v1qtοὐ φέρουσιν κατ’ αὐτῶν & βλάσφημον κρίσιν1Возможные значения: 1) не произносят слов осуждения на тех, кто стоит выше; 2) не произносят осуждения на лжеучителей.
2592:12ytrjrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsοὗτοι1Here, **these {men}** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). Alternate translation: “these false teachers”
2602:12y4blrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorοὗτοι & ὡς ἄλογα ζῷα, γεγεννημένα φυσικὰ εἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν1Как невозможно объяснить что-либо животным, так невозможно переубедить и этих людей. Альтернативный перевод: ''эти лжеучителя подобны неразумным животным, которые были рождены для того, чтобы быть пойманными и убитыми'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
2612:12xhxjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguishγεγεννημένα φυσικὰ εἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν1This clause gives more information about the unreasoning animals and thus, by way of comparison, the false teachers. Alternate translation: “which have by nature been born for capture and destruction”
2622:12yxsyγεγεννημένα φυσικὰ εἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν1Here, **by nature** means that the unreasoning animals (and false teachers by comparison) were destined for capture and destruction due to their very nature as animals born for this purpose. Alternate translation: “according to their nature, these animals are born for capture and destruction”
2632:12x14hrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalεἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν1This is a purpose clause. The word **for** here indicates that what follows it is the purpose for which these animals have been born. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of capture and destruction”
2642:12erfhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsεἰς ἅλωσιν καὶ φθοράν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **capture** and **destruction** by stating the ideas behind them with verbs. Alternate translation: “in order to capture and destroy them”
2652:12ipd4ἐν οἷς ἀγνοοῦσιν βλασφημοῦντες1Вместо абстрактных существительных можно использовать глаголы. Автор не говорит, кто именно ловит и истребляет лжеучителей, поэтому не нужно вносить никаких пояснений в свой перевод. Можно сказать: ''которые рождены для того, чтобы люди ловили их и убивали'', ''чтобы люди или другие животные ловили их и истребляли'', ''чтобы они становились жертвами, обречёнными на смерть'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
2662:12c4b8ἐν οἷς ἀγνοοῦσιν1Here, **those things** could refer to: (1) the “glorious ones” of [2:10](../02/10.md). Alternate translation: “who slander those of whom they are ignorant” (2) the Christian teachings that these false teachers are rejecting. Alternate translation: “who slander the teachings of which they are ignorant”
2672:12xzcprc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐν τῇ φθορᾷ αὐτῶν καὶ φθαρήσονται1Here, the pronouns **they** and **their** refer to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “these false teachers will also be destroyed in their destruction”
2682:12jw8drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveφθαρήσονται1Лжеучителя хулят то, чего не понимают.
2692:12h4v8καὶ φθαρήσονται1Here, **also** is used for emphasis and may be translated as “indeed” or “surely.” Alternate translation: “they will indeed be destroyed” or “they will surely be destroyed”
2702:12ai6aἐν τῇ φθορᾷ αὐτῶν1This clause indicates the time when the false teachers will be destroyed. Alternate translation: “at the time of their destruction”
2712:12ig4vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν τῇ φθορᾷ αὐτῶν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **destruction** with a verb, such as “destroy.” Alternate translation: “when they are destroyed”
2722:13p7g7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ironyἀδικούμενοι μισθὸν ἀδικίας1За свои злые дела они получат то, что заслужили
2732:13x4gdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἀδικίας1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **unrighteousness** by translating it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “of the wrong things they have done”
2742:13xjr6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἡδονὴν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **pleasure** by translating it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “something that pleases”
2752:13e62sτὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τρυφήν1Под ''ежедневной роскошью'' подразумевается пьянство, обжорство и распутство. Такие люди ничего не стыдятся, ежедневно предаваясь разгульному образу жизни.
2762:13hl1eτὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τρυφήν1This phrase indicates the time when the false teachers were **reveling**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate **in** as “during.” Doing these things “during the day” indicates that these people are not ashamed of this behavior. Alternate translation: “reveling during the day”
2772:13u1rcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorσπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι1Это синонимичные понятия. Альтернативный перевод: ''Они подобны пятнам на запачканной, позорной одежде'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]).
2782:13pwd5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletσπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι1The words **stains** and **blemishes** share similar meanings. Peter is using them together for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate them with a single expression. Alternate translation: “unsightly stains”
2792:13vz0jrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisσπίλοι καὶ μῶμοι1For emphasis, here Peter is leaving out some of the words that a sentence would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the context. Alternate translation: “They are stains and blemishes”
2802:13x3ujrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐντρυφῶντες ἐν ταῖς ἀπάταις αὐτῶν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate the abstract noun **deceptions** with an adjective like “deceptive.” Alternate translation: “reveling in their deceptive deeds”
2812:14v7t4rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες μεστοὺς μοιχαλίδος1Слово ''глаза'' употребляется в значении ''желания''. ''Глаза у них наполнены'' — значит ''эти люди одержимы непрерыным желанием''. Альтернативный перевод: ''они постоянно стремятся к разврату'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
2822:14xo71ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες μεστοὺς μοιχαλίδος1This clause could mean: (1) the false teachers constantly desired to have immoral sexual relations with any woman they saw, thereby viewing every women as a potential adulteress. Alternate translation: “constantly desiring women with whom to commit adultery” (2) the false teachers were constantly looking for immoral women with whom to have immoral sexual relations. Alternate translation: “constantly seeking sexually immoral women”
2832:14xb2qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitδελεάζοντες ψυχὰς ἀστηρίκτους1This clause refers to the actions of the false teachers Peter introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “these false teachers entice unstable souls”
2842:14wt89rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdocheδελεάζοντες ψυχὰς ἀστηρίκτους1Под ''душами'' имеются в виду люди. Можно сказать: ''они обманывают неутверждённых людей'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]).
2852:14mn07rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitκαρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίας ἔχοντες1This clause refers to the actions of the false teachers Peter introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “they have hearts trained in covetousness”
2862:14xgkbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveκαρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίας ἔχοντες1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form, and you can state who did the action. Alternate translation: “they trained their hearts to be covetous”
2872:14c55urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyκαρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίας1Под ''сердцем'' подразумевается человеческая душа. Потакая своим прихотям, эти люди стали настолько алчными, что уже не способны думать и действовать не из жадности (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
2882:14sbp2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsκαρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίας ἔχοντες1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **covetousness** with a verb. Alternate translation: “having training their hearts to covet”
2892:14sv4rrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomκατάρας τέκνα1Peter is using a Hebrew idiom in which a person is said to be a “child” of the thing that characterizes that person. Here, **children of cursing** refers to people who are cursed by God. He is not speaking of people who curse others. Alternate translation: “accursed people”
2902:14c7ccrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamationsκατάρας τέκνα1These words are an exclamation that emphasizes the wickedness of the false teachers. Alternate translation: “They are such cursed children!” or “What cursed children they are!”
2912:15et62καταλειπόντες εὐθεῖαν ὁδὸν, ἐπλανήθησαν ἐξακολουθήσαντες1Эти лжеучителя оставили прямой путь и заблудились (они не захотели покориться Богу и отвергли истину).
2922:15ky5qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorεὐθεῖαν ὁδὸν1Речь идёт о праведном поведении, чтущем Бога. Такой образ жизни сравнивается с прямым путём (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
2932:15x3k9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐπλανήθησαν1Here, Peter continues the path metaphor from the previous clause. He describes the wicked lifestyles of the false teachers as if they had been **led astray** from the straight path. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this metaphor by translating this plainly. Alternate translation: “they have been behaving wickedly”
2942:15b39grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveἐπλανήθησαν1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form. Alternate translation: “they went astray”
2952:15xkt6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἐξακολουθήσαντες τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ τοῦ Βοσὸρ, ὃς μισθὸν ἀδικίας ἠγάπησεν1In this verse, Peter compares the false teachers to **Balaam**. Peter assumes that his readers will know that he is referring to a story recorded in the Old Testament book of Numbers. In that story, Balaam was hired by wicked kings to curse the Israelites. When God did not allow Balaam to do so, he used wicked women to seduce the Israelites into sexual immorality and idol worship so that God would punish them for their disobedience. Balaam did these wicked things because he wanted to be paid by the wicked kings, but he was eventually killed by the Israelites when they conquered the land of Canaan. You could indicate this explicitly if it would be helpful to your readers, particularly if they would not know the story. Alternate translation, as a statement: “following the way of Balaam son of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness so much that he led the Israelites into immorality and idolatry in order to receive money”
2962:15xi4qrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐξακολουθήσαντες τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ τοῦ Βοσὸρ1Here, Peter uses the word **followed** to refer to someone imitating the actions of someone else, like someone who walks behind another person in the same direction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor literally. Alternate translation: “having imitated the way of Balaam son of Bosor”
2972:15v9lxrc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesΒαλαὰμ & Βοσὸρ1**Bosor** is the name of a man.
2982:15alxlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ τοῦ Βοσὸρ1Here, Peter uses **the way of Balaam** to refer to how Balaam lived his life. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor literally. Alternate translation: “the manner of living of Balaam son of Bosor”
2992:15v3wnrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsὃς μισθὸν ἀδικίας ἠγάπησεν1Here, the pronoun**who** refers to Balaam. It does not refer to Bosor, nor to the false teachers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this directly. If you begin a new sentence, you will have to replace the comma with a period. Alternate translation: “Balaam loved the wages of unrighteousness”
3002:15befrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionὃς μισθὸν ἀδικίας ἠγάπησεν1Peter is using the possessive form to describe **wages** that are characterized by **unrighteousness**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase to explain it. Alternate translation: “who loved the unrighteous wages”
3012:15x5ggrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsμισθὸν ἀδικίας1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **unrighteousness** with the adjective “unrighteous.” Alternate translation: “the unrighteous wages” or “the wages for unrighteous acts”
3022:16z37wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἔλεγξιν & ἔσχεν1Вы можете уточнить, что Господь обличил Валаама: ''Бог обличил его беззаконные дела'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
3032:16gsm7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἔλεγξιν & ἔσχεν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could specify who rebuked Balaam. This clause could mean: (1) the donkey rebuked Balaam. Alternate translation: “a donkey rebuked him” (2) God rebuked Balaam through the donkey. Alternate translation: “God rebuked him”
3042:16x7zurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἰδίας παρανομίας1This **transgression** specifically refers to Balaam’s use of wicked women to lead the Israelites into sexual immorality and idolatry. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “for his wicked act of leading the Israelites into immorality”
3052:16xspprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν τοῦ προφήτου παραφρονίαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **irrationality** with an adjective like “irrational” or “foolish.” Alternate translation: “the irrational action of the prophet” or “the foolish action of the prophet”
3062:16tf38rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyἐκώλυσεν τὴν τοῦ προφήτου παραφρονίαν1Бог с помощью ослицы остановил безумные действия Валаама (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
3072:17x5rjrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsοὗτοί1**These {men}** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “These false teachers”
3082:17t137rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorοὗτοί εἰσιν πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι1Наполненные водой источники приносят освежение жаждущим людям, но источники без воды способны вызвать лишь разочарование. Несмотря на то, что лжеучителя обещают многое, они не в состоянии осущесвить своих обещаний (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3092:17hzu1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὁμίχλαι ὑπὸ λαίλαπος ἐλαυνόμεναι1Когда люди видят грозовые облака, они ждут дождя. Но, когда ветер уносит облака и дождь не выпадает, это приносит разочарование. Так и же лжеучителя обещают многое, но ничего не дают людям (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3102:17von6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletοὗτοί εἰσιν πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι, καὶ ὁμίχλαι ὑπὸ λαίλαπος ἐλαυνόμεναι1These two metaphors mean similar things. Peter is using them together for emphasis. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this connection by translating them with a single expression. Alternate translation: “These are men who surely never give what they promise” or “These are men who surely disappoint”
3112:17xe3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveοἷς ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους τετήρηται1Им — то есть ''лжеучителям''. Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: ''Бог приготовил для них мрак и глубокую тьму'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3122:17v90zὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους1This could mean: (1) the **gloom** is characterized by **darkness**. Alternate translation: “the dark gloom” (2) the **gloom** is identical to the **darkness**. Alternate translation: “the gloom, which is darkness.”
3132:17xrpfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους1Here, Peter uses **gloom** and **darkness** to refer to hell. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this directly. Alternate translation: “for whom God has reserved the gloom of darkness of hell”
3142:18xgocrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1Here, **For** indicates the reason why the false teachers are reserved for punishment in the gloom of darkness, as mentioned in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “This is so because”
3152:18cxt8ὑπέρογκα & ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι1Лжеучителя произносят пафосные, но бессмысленные речи.
3162:18x2byrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionὑπέρογκα & ματαιότητος1Peter is using the possessive form to describe **arrogant** speech that is characterized by **vanity**. Alternate translation: “vain, arrogant things” or “vain and arrogant things”
3172:18n2prrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsματαιότητος1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **vanity** with an adjective, such as “vain.”
3182:18f8tgδελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς ἀσελγείαις1Они возбуждают в людях нечистые желания и, тем самым, склоняют их ко греху.
3192:18t543rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς1Here, **flesh** is used to refer to a person’s sinful nature. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the literal meaning for the metaphor. Alternate translation: “by the lusts of their sinful natures”
3202:18bibqἀσελγείαις1Here, **licentious acts** refers to immoral sexual actions that demonstrate a lack of self-control. See how you translated this term in [2:2](../02/02.md). Alternate translation: “uncontrolled sensual acts”
3212:18nks3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτοὺς ὀλίγως ἀποφεύγοντας τοὺς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους1Речь идёт о новообращённых. ''От тех, кто находится в заблуждении'' — значит ''от неверующих людей, живущих во грехе''. Альтернативный перевод: ''людей, пытающихся жить праведно, вместо того, чтобы по привычке жить нечестиво'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
3222:19xqlaἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι1This clause refers to another means by which the false teachers enticed their followers, continuing from the previous verse. Alternate translation: “They also entice them by promising freedom to them”
3232:19uyw6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς1Слово ''свобода'' здесь употребляется в значении ''возможность жить так, как хочется''. Альтернативный перевод: ''они обещают предоставить людям возможность делать всё, что те захотят, но сами не способны победить свои греховные желания'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3242:19je1krc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι1Here, the pronoun **them** refers to those people who are deceived by the false teachers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “promising freedom to those whom they deceive”
3252:19n0bhrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronounsαὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς;1Peter uses the word **themselves** here to emphasize the irony of spiritually enslaved people promising spiritual freedom to others. Alternate translation: “while they themselves are slaves of destruction”
3262:19v5ttrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐλευθερίαν & ἐπαγγελλόμενοι & δοῦλοι & τῆς φθορᾶς1Речь идёт о нечестивых людях, нуждающися в освобождении от своих пороков (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3272:19xyuarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionδοῦλοι & τῆς φθορᾶς1Peter is using the possessive form to describe **slaves** that are characterized by **destruction**. Alternate translation: “slaves that will be destroyed”
3282:19b79vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ δεδούλωται1Пётр говорит, что если человека контролирует грех, то этот человек является рабом греха. Альтернативный первод: ''если что-то вас конролирует, то вы являетесь рабом этого'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3292:19xqmyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ δεδούλωται1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this passive sentence with an active form. Alternate translation: “For if something overpowers a person, that thing enslaves that person”
3302:20v3xcγὰρ1Here, **For** could refer to: (1) another explanation of Peter’s statement “themselves being slaves of destruction” in the previous verse, (2) a transition from what Peter said in the previous verse to what he is going to say in this verse. Here, **For** does not indicate the reason or result of what was said in the previous verse. Alternate translation, as in the UST: “And”
3312:20q96iεἰ & ἀποφυγόντες & δὲ πάλιν ἐμπλακέντες ἡττῶνται, γέγονεν & τὰ ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων1Это условное предложение, констатирующее определённый факт: лжеучителя сначала познали Господа и освободились от мерзости этого мира, но потом они снова были побеждены мирскими похотями, поэтому их нынешнее состояние стало намного хуже первоначального.
3322:20efnjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorεἰ & ἀποφυγόντες τὰ μιάσματα τοῦ κόσμου1Using a similar metaphor to that in [2:18](../02/18.md), here Peter speaks of believers as if they had been slaves to the **defilements** of the world and have **escaped** that captivity. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “if they have ceased living in the defiling manner of the world”
3332:20xpo9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὰ μιάσματα τοῦ κόσμου1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **defilements** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the things that sinful human society does to defile itself”
3342:20lu22rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyτὰ μιάσματα τοῦ κόσμου1Мерзость (здесь) — это порочное поведение, оскверняющее совесть человека. ''Мир'' — это человеческое общество. Альтернативный перевод: ''общественного разврата'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
3352:20bi73rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ Κυρίου & καὶ Σωτῆρος, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1Вместо существительного ''познание'' можно использовать деепричастие ''познав''. См, как вы перевели аналогичную мысль во [2 Петра 1:2](../01/02.md). Альтернативный перевод: ''избежали мерзостей мира, познав Господа и Спасителя Иисуса Христа'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
3362:20zxcfrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionτοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ Σωτῆρος1Here, **our Lord** means “the person who is lord over us” or “the person who rules over us.” The conjunction **and** indicates that **our** also applies to **Savior**, meaning “the person who saves us.” Alternate translation: “of the person who rules over us and saves us”
3372:20ih4wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτούτοις & πάλιν ἐμπλακέντες ἡττῶνται1If your language does not use this passive form, you can express this with an active form, and you can supply the doer of the action from earlier in the verse. Alternate translation: “these things having entangled them again; these things have overcome them”
3382:20ygagrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorπάλιν ἐμπλακέντες1Here, Peter speaks of people who seem to have been believers but have returned to living sinfully as if they have become **entangled** in a net. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “if they have begun to live sinfully again”
3392:20noa9rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsτούτοις1Here, the pronoun **these things** refers to “the defilements of the world.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could specify this in your translation. Alternate translation: “by these defilements of the world”
3402:20d6raСвязующее утверждение:0В этом стихе речь идёт о лжеучителях, о которых автор говорил с 12-го по 19-й стихи.
3412:20d42gγέγονεν αὐτοῖς τὰ ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων1их состояние становится хуже прежнего
3422:21x7gdrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultγὰρ1Here, **For** indicates the reason why the last condition of the false teachers was worse than their first condition, as mentioned in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “This is so because”
3432:21e3dvrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsαὐτοῖς1Here, the pronoun **them** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “for these false teachers”
3442:21xg05rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionτὴν ὁδὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης1Peter is using the possessive form to describe **the way** that is characterized by **righteousness**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a phrase to explain it. Alternate translation: “the righteous way”
3452:21pm7brc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorτὴν ὁδὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης1Пётр сравнивает жизнь с путём или тропой. В этом предложении речь идёт о богобоязненном и благочестивом образе жизни (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3462:21lib0ἐπιγνοῦσιν1This clause indicates that the next clause describes an event that happened after the event of this clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “after having known it”
3472:21ic3crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὑποστρέψαι ἐκ τῆς & ἁγίας ἐντολῆς1Это метафора, употребляющаяся в значении ''перестать исполнять Божьи заповеди''. Альтернативный перевод: ''перестать повиноваться святой Божьей воле'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3482:21j7s6rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounτῆς & ἁγίας ἐντολῆς2Peter uses **the holy commandment** to speak of the commands of God in general. He is not referring to one specific **commandment**. These commands were **delivered** by the apostles to the believers. Alternate translation: “the holy commands”
3492:21xwidrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῆς & ἁγίας ἐντολῆς2If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the ideas behind the abstract noun **commandment** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “what God commanded”
3502:21blr5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτῆς παραδοθείσης αὐτοῖς ἁγίας ἐντολῆς1Вместо страдательного залога можно употребить действительный: ''от святой заповеди, которую Бог им дал'' или ''от святой заповеди, которую Бог вверил им'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3512:22hqr3συμβέβηκεν αὐτοῖς τὸ τῆς ἀληθοῦς παροιμίας1в этом случае верной вляется пословица или ''их верно характеризует такая пословица''
3522:22pc36rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsαὐτοῖς1Here, the pronoun **them** refers to the false teachers introduced in [2:1](../02/01.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to these false teachers”
3532:22h42rrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbsκύων ἐπιστρέψας ἐπὶ τὸ ἴδιον ἐξέραμα, καί, ὗς λουσαμένη, εἰς κυλισμὸν βορβόρου1Пётр цитирует две пословицы для описания духовного сотояния лжеучителей: несмотря на то, что эти люди познали истину, они отвернулись от неё и вновь начали вести нечестивый образ жизни (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]]).
3542:22xgjprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownκύων1A **dog** is an animal that is considered to be unclean and disgusting by Jews and many cultures of the Ancient Near East. Therefore, calling someone a **dog** was an insult. If dogs are unfamiliar to your culture and you have a different animal that is considered unclean and disgusting or whose name is used as an insult, you could use the name of this animal instead.
3552:22xycprc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknownὗς1A **pig** is an animal that is considered to be unclean and disgusting by Jews and many cultures of the Ancient Near East. Therefore, calling someone a **pig** was an insult. If pigs are unfamiliar to your culture and you have a different animal that is considered unclean and disgusting or whose name is used as an insult, you could use the name of this animal instead.
3563:introc1id0# 2 Петра 03 Общие замечания #\n\n#### Важные концепции ####\n\n##### Огонь #####\n\nЛюди используют огонь для уничтожения чего-либо или для очищения металлов от примесей. Когда Бог будет наказывать беззаконников, Он сделает это при помощи огня. Таким же способом Господь очищает Свой народ (см. [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/other/fire]]).\n\n##### День Господень #####\n\nВозвращение Иисуса Христа будет неожиданным событием для многих людей, поэтому Пётр говорит, что ''день Господа придёт, как вор ночью''. По этой причине нам как христианам следует всегда быть готовыми к возвращению Божьего Сына (см. [[rc://ru/tw/dict/bible/kt/dayofthelord]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]).\n\n## Ссылки: ##\n\n* __[2 Петра 03:01 Замечания](./01.md)__\n\n__[<<](../02/intro.md) | __
3573:1n92fОбщая информация:0Пётр начинает говорить о последнем времени.
3583:1aah9rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἐν αἷς1Here, **which** refers to both this letter and the previous letter that Peter had written to this group of believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could start a new sentence to say this explicitly. Alternate translation: “In both of these letters”
3593:1gc3mrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorδιεγείρω ὑμῶν & τὴν εἰλικρινῆ διάνοιαν1Апостол сравнивает размышление верующих о том, что он писал им ранее, с их пробуждением от сна. Альтернативный перевод: ''помогаю вам очистить разум'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
3603:1deoarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν ὑπομνήσει1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **remembrance** in this phrase with a verb. See how you translated this term in [1:13](../01/13.md). Alternate translation: “to remember”
3613:1qxt2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὑμῶν & τὴν εἰλικρινῆ διάνοιαν1Although the word **pure** usually refers to something being uncontaminated or not mixed with something else, Peter uses it here to indicate that his readers have minds which have not been deceived by the false teachers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “your undeceived minds”
3623:2bp8rrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalμνησθῆναι1Here, Peter is stating a purpose for which he is writing this letter. Alternate translation (without a comma preceding): “that you should remember”
3633:2gxj7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτῶν προειρημένων ῥημάτων, ὑπὸ τῶν ἁγίων προφητῶν1Вместо действительного залога можно употребить страдательный: ''слова, изречённые в прошлом святыми пророками'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3643:2p4i5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyτῶν προειρημένων ῥημάτων1Peter is using **words** here to describe the prophecies of the Old Testament prophets that were conveyed by using words, especially those prophecies about the future return of Christ. Alternate translation: “the prophecies spoken previously”
3653:2ijnqrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitὑπὸ τῶν ἁγίων προφητῶν1Here, **prophets** refers to the Old Testament prophets whom Peter also referred to in [1:19–21](../01/19.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by the holy Old Testament prophets”
3663:2yhi7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτῆς τῶν ἀποστόλων ὑμῶν ἐντολῆς τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος1Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: ''заповедь Господа и Спасителя, которую апостолы вам передали'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3673:2jnq2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτῆς & ἐντολῆς τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **command** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “what our Lord and Savior commanded”
3683:2jx0urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnounτῆς & ἐντολῆς τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος1Peter uses **command** here to speak of the commands of Jesus in general. He is not referring to one specific command. These commands were delivered by the apostles to the believers. Alternate translation: “the commands of the Lord and Savior”
3693:2vusdrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτοῦ Κυρίου1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **Lord** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the person who rules”
3703:2x9rgrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsΣωτῆρος1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **Savior** with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “the person who saves”
3713:2tsn4τῶν ἀποστόλων ὑμῶν1This phrase indicates the means by which **the command of the Lord and Savior** was given to Peter’s readers. Alternate translation: “by means of your apostles”
3723:2xbuorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτῶν ἀποστόλων ὑμῶν1Here, **your apostles** could refer to: (1) the apostles who proclaimed the teachings of Christ to Peter’s readers or ministered to them in some way. Alternate translation: “the apostles who serve you” (2) all apostles, who belong to all Christians. Alternate translation: “the apostles of us all”
3733:3lm1aτοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες1Не забывайте о том, что (см., как вы перевели аналогичную фразу во [2 Петра 1:20](../01/20.md)).
3743:3xcd9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarativeτοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες1Peter is using a statement to give an instruction. If it would be helpful in your language, you could indicate this by translating it as a command. If you do so, it might be helpful to start a new sentence here. See how you translated this in [1:20](../01/20.md). Alternate translation: “Above all, know this”
3753:3mjgrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐλεύσονται & ἐν ἐμπαιγμονῇ ἐμπαῖκται1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **mockery** with a verb. Alternate translation: “mockers will come and mock”
3763:3s69nrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorκατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν πορευόμενοι1Here, Peter uses **going** to refer to habitually doing something, like someone who walks toward something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor literally. Alternate translation: “those habitually living according to their own lusts”
3773:3znh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitκατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν πορευόμενοι1Похоть — это греховные желания, идущие вразрез с Божьей волей. Альтернативный перевод: ''которые потакают своим вожделениям'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
3783:4fe37rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-quotationsκαὶ λέγοντες1Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language. Alternate translation: “and they will say”
3793:4hgdmrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionποῦ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ?1The mockers ask this rhetorical question to emphasize that they do not believe that Jesus will return. Alternate translation: “There is no promise of his coming!” or “The promise of his coming is not true!”
3803:4lw3yrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomποῦ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ?1Here, **Where** is used to ask what has happened to the promise. The mockers are not asking for the location of something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this idiom by translating this plainly. Alternate translation: “What happened to the promise of his coming?” or “What has come about regarding the promise of his coming?”
3813:4zrj7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionποῦ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ1Насмешники задают риторический вопрос, чтобы сказать, что они не верят в возвращение Иисуса. ''Обещанное пришествие'' — значит то, о котором Иисус говорил, что оно наступит. Альтернативный перевод: ''Обещание о том, что Иису вернётся, — неправда, поскольку Он больше не придёт!'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
3823:4wm6zrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsἡ ἐπαγγελία τῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ1Here, the pronoun **his** refers to Jesus. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the promise of Jesus’ coming”
3833:4u54wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτῆς παρουσίας αὐτοῦ1Here, **his coming** refers to the return of the Lord Jesus to earth. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the return of Jesus to earth”
3843:4xfkrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἀφ’ ἧς γὰρ οἱ πατέρες ἐκοιμήθησαν1Here, **the fathers** is used. It could refer to: (1) the Old Testament ancestors of the Israelites, often called “the patriarchs.” Alternate translation: “For since Israel’s patriarchs fell asleep” (2) those leaders of the first generation of Christians who had died by the time Peter wrote this letter. Alternate translation: “For since the first Christian leaders fell asleep”
3853:4t6hlrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemismοἱ πατέρες ἐκοιμήθησαν1Праотцы — это предки, жившие в древние времена.
3863:4c2enrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperboleπάντα οὕτως διαμένει ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς κτίσεως1Насмешники уверждают, что раз в этом мире жизнь остаётся прежней, значит, Иисус не вернётся (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]]).
3873:4yue7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἀπ’ ἀρχῆς κτίσεως1Вместо существительного ''творение'' можно использовать глагол ''творить'': ''с тех пор, как Бог сотворил этот мир'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
3883:5g2phrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveλανθάνει γὰρ αὐτοὺς τοῦτο, θέλοντας1If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For they willingly hide this from themselves”
3893:5xgsyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisθέλοντας ὅτι οὐρανοὶ ἦσαν ἔκπαλαι1Peter is leaving out some of the words that this clause would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the end of the verse. Alternate translation: “that the heavens existed long ago by the word of God”
3903:5mku9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveοὐρανοὶ ἦσαν ἔκπαλαι, καὶ γῆ & συνεστῶσα τῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ λόγῳ1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''Вначале Бог сотворил небо и землю Своим Словом из воды'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3913:5s77fἐξ ὕδατος καὶ δι’ ὕδατος συνεστῶσα1Другими словами, Господь повелел суше возникнуть из воды (Он собрал всю воду в одно место, в результате чего появилась суша).
3923:5o7szrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyτῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ λόγῳ1Here, **the word of God** refers to the God’s specific commands by which the earth was created. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by the commands of God”
3933:6jh4rδι’ ὧν1То есть в результате того, о чём было сказано в предыдущем стихе.
3943:6nyb7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveὁ τότε κόσμος ὕδατι κατακλυσθεὶς ἀπώλετο1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''Бог послал потоп и уничтожил мир'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3953:6hvc3ὁ τότε κόσμος1Here, **at that time** refers to the time when the world existed before the flood. It does not refer to the exact time when the universe was created. Alternate translation: “the world that existed then”
3963:6xm5iὕδατι κατακλυσθεὶς1This phrase indicates the means by which the ancient world was destroyed. Alternate translation: “by having been flooded by water”
3973:7alp6rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrastοἱ δὲ νῦν οὐρανοὶ καὶ ἡ γῆ1Here, **But** indicates that Peter is contrasting the past destruction of the ancient world he mentioned in the previous verse with the future destruction of the present world. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this contrast explicitly. Alternate translation: “In contrast, the present heavens and the earth”
3983:7b2inrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveοἱ & οὐρανοὶ καὶ ἡ γῆ, τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ τεθησαυρισμένοι εἰσὶν, πυρὶ1Здесь можно упоребить действительный залог: ''Бог тем же самым Словом хранит нынешние небеса и землю для огня'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
3993:7e673τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ1Словом — то есть ''повелением''. Можно сказать: ''Бог тем же повелением''.
4003:7ghcorc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goalπυρὶ1Here, **for** indicates the purpose for which God has been reserving the present heavens and earth. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of fire”
4013:7nl8wrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymyπυρὶ1Here, Peter uses **fire** to refer to what fire does, which is burn. Alternate translation: “for burning with fire”
4023:7jl5drc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτηρούμενοι εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως1Здесь можно использовать действительный залог и оформить данную мысль как отдельное предложение: ''Он хранит их для дня суда'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4033:7u7x2εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως1Here, **for** could refer to: (1) the purpose for which God is keeping the present heavens and earth. Alternate translation: “for the purpose of the day of judgment” (2) the point in time up to which God is keeping the present heavens and earth. Alternate translation: “until the day of judgment”
4043:7y3ggrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsεἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως καὶ ἀπωλείας τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων1Существительные в этом предложении могут быть заменены глаголами: ''на день, когда Он будет судить нечестивых людей и полностью их уничтожит'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
4053:7zxxkrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotationsτῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων1Although the term **men** is masculine, Peter is using the word here in a generic sense that includes both men and women. Alternate translation: “of the ungodly people”
4063:8s5cyμὴ λανθανέτω ὑμᾶς1Вы должны понять или ''не забывайте о том''
4073:8enh9ὅτι μία ἡμέρα παρὰ Κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη1что для Господа один день подобен тысяче лет
4083:8o1wcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletμία ἡμέρα παρὰ Κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη, καὶ χίλια ἔτη ὡς ἡμέρα μία1These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The repetition is used to emphasize that God does not perceive of time the same way that humans do. What might seem to be a short or long time for people would not seem so for God. If it would be helpful in your language, you could combine these phrases. Alternate translation: “one day and 1,000 years are alike for the Lord”
4093:9zv9mοὐ βραδύνει Κύριος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας1Господь не отсрочивает исполнение Своих обещаний
4103:9dzq8ὥς τινες βραδύτητα ἡγοῦνται1Некоторые люди считают, что Бог не торопится исполнить Свои обещания, поскольку смотрят на проблемы не так, как Господь.
4113:9a18lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἀλλὰ μακροθυμεῖ εἰς ὑμᾶς1Peter is leaving out a word that this clause would need in many languages in order to be complete. This word can be supplied from the beginning of the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state explicitly who is the one being **patient** and begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “But God is patient toward you”
4123:9szykrc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultμὴ βουλόμενός τινας ἀπολέσθαι1This clause indicates the reason why God is delaying the return of Jesus. Alternate translation: “because he does not want any to perish”
4133:9l9ayrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἀλλὰ πάντας εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρῆσαι1Peter is leaving out words that this clause would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the previous clause. Alternate translation: “but he wants all to move on to repentance”
4143:9jwjorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἀλλὰ πάντας εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρῆσαι1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **repentance** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “but all to repent”
4153:10w6maδὲ1Пётр сравнивает неожиданное наступление судного дня с вором, тайно проникшего в чей-то дом (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]]).
4163:10c5m1rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationἥξει & ἡμέρα Κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης1тогда небеса с шумом пропадут
4173:10fu2qrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsκλέπτης, ἐν ᾗ1Here, **which** refers to “the day of the Lord”. If it would be helpful for your readers, you could express this explicitly and begin a new sentence. Alternate translation: “a thief. In the day of the Lord”
4183:10z32krc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveστοιχεῖα & καυσούμενα λυθήσεται1Возможные значения: 1) речь идёт о космических телах: солнце, луне и звёздах; 2) здесь имеются в виду компоненты, из которых состоит планета земля: атмосфера, почва, вода, магма.
4193:10zgd3στοιχεῖα1Бог видит дела людей, и Он будет судить их. Можно сказать: ''Бог подвергнет суду все дела жителей земли'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4203:10lz8tστοιχεῖα δὲ καυσούμενα λυθήσεται1Here, **being burned up** refers to the means by which the elements will be destroyed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the elements will be destroyed by means of burning” or “and the elements will be destroyed by means of fire”
4213:10j1gjrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveγῆ καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔργα εὑρεθήσεται1God will see all the earth and all the deeds of everyone, and he will then judge everything. This can be stated in active terms. Alternate translation: “God will expose the earth and everything that people have done on it” (See: [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
4223:10qnu5rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitγῆ καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔργα εὑρεθήσεται1Here, **deeds** refers to the actions of people on the earth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the earth and what people have done in it will be found”
4233:10z9f6γῆ καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔργα εὑρεθήσεται1Here, **found** indicates that the removal of the heavens and elements will leave the earth and what has been done on it exposed for God to see and judge. Alternate translation: “the earth and the deeds in it will be exposed” or “the earth and the deeds in it will be revealed”
4243:11buq4Связующее утверждение:0Пётр начинает говорить верующим о благочестивом образе жизни, который им следует вести перед возвращением Иисуса.
4253:11nq63rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτούτων οὕτως πάντων λυομένων1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''Если Бог уничтожить всё это таким образом'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4263:11tpfgrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsτούτων1Here, **these things** refers to the heavens, the elements, and the earth mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “these things that I have just described”
4273:11t8wxrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionποταποὺς δεῖ ὑπάρχειν?1Автор использует риторический вопрос, чтобы подчеркнуть мысль о том, насколько же свято и благочестиво должны жить верующие. Можно сказать: ''то вы, конечно же, понимаете, насколько святыми и благочестивыми вам нужно быть'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]).
4283:11qouirc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsisἐν ἁγίαις ἀναστροφαῖς καὶ εὐσεβείαις1Peter is leaving out words that this clause would need in many languages in order to be complete. These words can be supplied from the context. Alternate translation: “living with holy behaviors and godly acts”
4293:12bqnnπροσδοκῶντας καὶ σπεύδοντας1Here, **waiting for and hastening** are two things Peter wanted his readers to do while also living holy and godly lives, as stated in the previous verse. Alternate translation: “while expecting and hastening”
4303:12b73orc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsδι’ ἣν1Here, **which** refers to “the day of God” from the previous clause. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “because of that day”
4313:12ko6cπυρούμενοι1This phrase indicates the means by which the heavens will be destroyed. Alternate translation: “by means of being set on fire”
4323:12rq9grc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveοὐρανοὶ πυρούμενοι, λυθήσονται, καὶ στοιχεῖα καυσούμενα, τήκεται1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''когда Бог сожжёт небеса и уничтожит в огне основы мира'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4333:12v15iστοιχεῖα1Возможные значения: 1) космические тела: солнце, луна, звёзды; 2) стихии планеты Земля: воздух, почва, вода, огонь. См., как вы перевели аналогичную мысль во [2 Петра 3:10](../03/10.md).
4343:12i1ryκαυσούμενα1This phrase indicates the means by which the heavens will be destroyed. Alternate translation: “by means of being burned up by heat”
4353:13ptmyrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructureκαινοὺς & οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινὴν, κατὰ τὸ ἐπάγγελμα αὐτοῦ προσδοκῶμεν1Peter put the direct object of the main verb at the front of this sentence for emphasis. If your language uses a similar construction for emphasis, it would be appropriate to have it here in your translation. But if this construction would be confusing in your language, you could express this emphasis in another way and change the structure of the sentence. Alternate translation: “according to his promise, we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth”
4363:13r2y9rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsκατὰ τὸ ἐπάγγελμα αὐτοῦ1Here, the pronoun **his** could refer to: (1) God. Alternate translation: “according to God’s promise” (2) Jesus. Alternate translation: “according to Jesus’ promise”
4373:13evi0τὸ ἐπάγγελμα αὐτοῦ1Here, **promise** could refer to: (1) God’s promise to create a new heavens and earth, as promised in Isaiah 65:17 and Isaiah 66:22. Alternate translation: “his promise of new heavens and a new earth” (2) the promise of Jesus’ second coming, as in [3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “his promise of the return of Jesus”
4383:13df3vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personificationἐν οἷς δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ1Пётр одушевляет праведность, и под этим понятием здесь подразумеваются все праведники. Альтернативный перевод: ''где будут обитать праведные люди'' или ''где будут жить люди, сохранившие правду'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]).
4393:13r5qorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἐν οἷς δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **righteousness** by translating the idea behind it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “in which everyone is righteous” or “in which everyone does what is right”
4403:14d178rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultδιό1Peter uses **Therefore** to introduce a description of what his readers should do as a result of what he has just said. He is referring specifically to the discussion of the coming day of the Lord given in [3:10–13](../03/10.md). Alternate translation: “Because of these reasons”
4413:14qjcarc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἀγαπητοί1Here, **beloved ones** refers to those whom Peter is writing to, which can be extended to all believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. See how you translated this in [3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate translation: “beloved fellow believers”
4423:14ndxdrc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-pronounsταῦτα1Here, **these things** refers back to the events related to the coming day of the Lord, which Peter described in [3:10–13](../03/10.md). If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “these things that will happen on the day of the Lord”
4433:14fj1lrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveσπουδάσατε ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι αὐτῷ εὑρεθῆναι ἐν εἰρήνῃ1Можно сказать: ''делайте все возможное для того, чтобы жить свято и непорочно, храня мир с Богом и ближними''.
4443:14s141rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doubletἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι1Это два синонимичных понятия, употребляющихся вместе для усиления мысли. Альтернативный перевод: ''идеально чистыми'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]).
4453:14byr8rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἄσπιλοι1Или ''неповинными'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
4463:14rtygἐν εἰρήνῃ1Here, **in peace** could refer to: (1) having peace with God. Alternate translation, as in the UST: “at peace with God” (2) feeling peace in one’s heart. Alternate translation: “with peace in your heart”
4473:15g35urc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitτὴν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν μακροθυμίαν, σωτηρίαν ἡγεῖσθε1Судный день не наступил, благодаря Божьему долготерпению. Господь даёт людям возможность покаяться и принять спасение, о чём говорилось во [2 Петра 3:9](../03/09.md). Альтернативный перевод: ''смотрите на терпение нашего Господа как на возможность покаяться и спастись'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]).
4483:15pd30rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsτὴν τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν μακροθυμίαν, σωτηρίαν ἡγεῖσθε1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract nouns **patience** and **salvation** by translating the ideas behind them with equivalent expressions. Alternate translation: “that our Lord is patient to save people”
4493:15vbsorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsσωτηρίαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **salvation** by translating the idea behind it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “to save people”
4503:15vo82rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorὁ ἀγαπητὸς ἡμῶν ἀδελφὸς Παῦλος1Peter is using the term **brother** to refer to Paul as a fellow believer in Jesus. Alternate translation: “our beloved fellow Christian brother Paul”
4513:15nnd7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveκατὰ τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐτῷ σοφίαν1Здесь можно употребить действительный залог: ''согласно той премудрости, которую ему дал Бог'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4523:15esr7rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsκατὰ τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐτῷ σοφίαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **wisdom** by translating the idea behind it with an adjective, such as “wise.” Alternate translation: “according to the wise words having been given to him”
4533:16zzkorc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἐπιστολαῖς1Here, the context suggests that Paul is the author of **the letters**. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in all Paul’s letters”
4543:16wil1ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἐπιστολαῖς, λαλῶν & περὶ τούτων1Павел во всех своих письмах пишет о Божьем долготерпении, приводящем к спасению
4553:16z4cjἐν αἷς ἐστιν δυσνόητά τινα1В посланиях Павла есть истины, трудные для понимания.
4563:16weh2rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἃ οἱ ἀμαθεῖς καὶ ἀστήρικτοι στρεβλοῦσιν1Here, **distort** is used to describe changing the meaning of a statement in order to give a false meaning like twisting something so that it changes shape. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “which the ignorant and unstable ones interpret falsely”
4573:16sg60rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitὡς καὶ τὰς λοιπὰς Γραφὰς1Here, **the other scriptures** refers to both the entire Old Testament and the New Testament texts that had been written by the time Peter wrote this letter. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “as also the other authoritative scriptures”
4583:16sh4jπρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτῶν ἀπώλειαν1что приведёт их к гибели
4593:16wrqurc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsπρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτῶν ἀπώλειαν1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **destruction** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “so that they will be destroyed”
4603:17kn3dСвязующее утверждение:0Пётр даёт верующим заключительные наставления и завершает своё послание.
4613:17wk5vrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitἀγαπητοί1Here, **beloved ones** refers to those whom Peter is writing to, which can be extended to all believers. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. See how you translated this in [3:1](../03/01.md) and [3:14](../03/14.md). Alternate translation: “beloved fellow believers”
4623:17bq8orc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultπρογινώσκοντες1# Connecting Statement:\n\nHere, Peter is giving the reason why his readers should heed his command in the next phrase. Alternate translation: “since you know beforehand”
4633:17w3sprc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἐκπέσητε τοῦ ἰδίου στηριγμοῦ1Об утверждении в вере гворится как о ценности, которую можно потерять. Альтернативный перевод: ''и не отпасть от своей веры в Господа'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]).
4643:17v5cbrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsἵνα μὴ & ἐκπέσητε τοῦ ἰδίου στηριγμοῦ1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **steadfastness** with the adjective “steadfast.” Alternate translation: “so that you might not lose your own steadfast faith”
4653:17um49rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-resultτῇ τῶν ἀθέσμων πλάνῃ συναπαχθέντες1This clause indicates the reason why people might lose their own steadfastness. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this explicitly. Alternate translation: “because of being led astray by the error of the lawless ones”
4663:17xjhtrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassiveτῇ τῶν ἀθέσμων πλάνῃ συναπαχθέντες1If your language does not use this passive form, you can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the error of the lawless ones having led you astray”
4673:17h2ikrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorἵνα μὴ τῇ τῶν ἀθέσμων πλάνῃ συναπαχθέντες1Не увлечься заблуждением — значит ''не позволить лжеучителям себя обмануть''. Здесь можно использовать действительный залог: ''чтобы беззаконники не обманули вас и не склонили к неправильным поступкам'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]).
4683:17px85τῇ τῶν ἀθέσμων πλάνῃ1This phrase indicates the means by which one might be led astray. Alternate translation: “by means of the error of the lawless ones”
4693:18ccm3rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorαὐξάνετε & ἐν χάριτι, καὶ γνώσει τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ Σωτῆρος, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1Here, **grow** is used to express experiencing or having something in increasing amounts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this metaphor plainly. Alternate translation: “have more and more of the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ”
4703:18zjqaἐν χάριτι, καὶ γνώσει1Here, **in** means “with reference to.” Alternate translation: “with reference to the grace and knowledge”
4713:18lk3crc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorαὐξάνετε & ἐν χάριτι, καὶ γνώσει τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ Σωτῆρος, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1Возрастать в благодати и познании Христа — значит всё больше и больше принимать от Него помощь, познавая Его сердце и принимая Его любовь. Абстрактное существителное ''благодать'' может быть заменено кратким прилагательным ''добр'': ''всё больше и больше познавайте, насколько добр к нам наш Господь и Спаситель Иисус Христос'' (см. [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] и [[rc://ru/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]).
4723:18qlbcrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsγνώσει1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **knowledge** by translating it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “what you know”
4733:18z13orc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possessionτοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ Σωτῆρος1Here, **our Lord** means “the person who is lord over us” or “the person who rules over us.” The conjunction and indicates that our also applies to **Savior**, meaning “the person who saves us.” If you include both of these phrases in your translation, then you will also need to put a comma at the end of the second phrase. Alternate translation: “of the person who rules over us and saves us,”
4743:18bpnrrc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsαὐτῷ ἡ δόξα1If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the abstract noun **glory** by translating it with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “May everyone glorify him”
4753:18u1g9rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiomεἰς ἡμέραν αἰῶνος1Here, **to the day of the age** is an idiom that means “forever.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent idiom or use plain language. Alternate translation: “to eternity” or “forever”