add tA links (#46)

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Larry Sallee 2019-07-03 21:41:28 +00:00 committed by Gogs
parent 1875b3055a
commit c700a5faea
31 changed files with 271 additions and 12 deletions

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# In the past, God had spoken to his prophets so they could speak to his people. But then 400 years went by when he did not speak to them.
This is background information about the prophets of God, and the 400 years that God did not send them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# his people
This could be translated as, “his people, the Israelites” or “his people, the Jews.” But only include the added information if it is not clearly understood who these people were.
@ -9,3 +13,17 @@ Another way to say this would be, “400 years passed” or “there were 400 ye
# when he did not speak to them
That is, “during which God did not give any messages to the prophets for his people.”
# Then God sent an angel
This introduces the birth of John the Baptist as a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
# Then God sent an angel to a priest named Zechariah
This introduces the angel and Zechariah as new characters in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
# Zechariah and his wife, Elizabeth, honored God. They were very old, and she had never borne any children.
This is background information about the kind of people who Zechariah and Elizabeth were. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])

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This refers to the angel that came to Zechariah in [22:01](22/01).
# You will name him John.
This is a command. The angel is telling Zechariah exactly what he must name John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# fill him with the Holy Spirit
That is, “give him wisdom and power through the Holy Spirit.”
# My wife and I are too old to have children!
This sentence emphasizes that Zechariah and Elizabeth were far too old to have children by natural means. That would require God to work a miracle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
# How can I know you are telling me the truth?
Here, "know" means to learn by experience, suggesting Zechariah was asking for a sign as proof. Alternate translation: "What can you do to prove to me that this will happen?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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# The angel responded to Zechariah, “I was sent by God to bring you this good news. Because you did not believe me, you will not be able to speak until the child is born.”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "The angel answered and told Zechariah that he was sent by God to bring him this good news. But because Zechariah did not believe him, Zechariah will not be able to speak until the child was born.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Immediately, Zechariah was unable to speak
The connecting word "Immediately" introduces a sequential clause. First the angel said Zechariah would not be able to speak, and the next thing that happened was Zechariah could not speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# Because you did not believe me, you will not be able to speak until the child is born.
The connecting word "Because" connects the reason—Zechariah did not believe the good news, with the result—Zechariah could not speak until the baby was born. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])

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# When Elizabeth was six months pregnant
The connecting word "When" introduces a background clause. The main event is Mary's pregnancy and coming to visit Elizabeth. The background event that was already happening is Elizabeth was 6 months pregnant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# Elizabeth
She was Zechariahs wife. An angel told Zechariah that Elizabeth would give birth to a son.
@ -14,6 +18,15 @@ Different languages have different idioms to talk about pregnancy, such as “sh
Many translations say, “cousin” here but we dont know exactly how these two women were related. A general term like, “relative,” “kin” or, “cousin” could be used.
# She was a virgin and was engaged to be married to a man named Joseph
This is background information about Mary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# was engaged
That is, “was promised.”
# Son of the Most High God
This is an important title for Jesus. Mary will bear "a son" who will be called "the Son of the Most High." Jesus is therefore a human son born of a human mother, and he is also the Son of God. These terms should be translated very carefully. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

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# Mary replied, “How can this be, since I am a virgin?”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "Mary asked him how this could be, since she was a virgin." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# How can this be
That is, “How can I become pregnant?” Mary was not doubting the truth of the angels words, but asking how it would happen.
@ -6,6 +10,15 @@ That is, “How can I become pregnant?” Mary was not doubting the truth of the
These are two ways of saying the same thing: “By the power of God, the Holy Spirit will miraculously cause you to become pregnant.” Make sure the translation of this sentence does not sound like there was any physical contact involved. This was a miracle.
# Holy Spirit
This introduces the Holy Spirit as a new character. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
# the baby will be holy
The word “holy” here means the baby will belong to God.
# Son of God
This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])

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# Soon after this happened
The connecting word "Soon" introduces a sequential clause. The angel came to Mary and soon after Mary left to visit Elizabeth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# Elizabeth
See the note about Elizabeth on [22:04](22/04).

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See the note about Elizabeth on [22:04](22/04).
# Then God made Zechariah able to speak again
The connecting word "Then" introduces a sequential clause. After Zechariah and Elizabeth named their baby John, Zechariah was able to speak again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# Praise God, because he has remembered to help his people!
This sentence emphasizes that God is worthy of praise because of how he helped his people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
# Praise God
That is, “We should all praise God.”

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# Mary was engaged to a righteous man named Joseph
Parents normally arranged the marriages of their children. Alternate translation: "The parents of Mary, had promised her in marriage to a righteous man named Joseph" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# engaged
That is, "promised to be married." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknowns]])
# he knew it was not his baby
That is, “he knew that he was not the one who had caused her to be pregnant.”
# However, he did not want to shame Mary
The connecting word "However" contrasts Mary being pregnant with what Joseph believed to be another man's child, with Joseph's desire not to shame Mary. You would expect Joseph to be angry and want to shame her but instead he responds with mercy.... (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# to shame Mary
That is, “to cause Mary to be publicly disgraced” or “to embarrass Mary publicly.” Joseph was merciful to Mary, even though it seemed like she was an adulterer.
@ -12,7 +24,7 @@ This could also be translated as, “to divorce her without telling others why,
# divorce her
For some languages it may be better to say, “break their engagement.” Joseph and Mary were engaged or, “pledged to be married.” But in Jewish culture a divorce was required in order to break off an engagement.
Joseph had not married Mary yet, but when a man and woman promised to marry each other, Jews considered them husband and wife though they did not live together. This is why a divorce was necessary rather than simply breaking an engagement. For some languages it may be better to say, “break their engagement.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# in a dream

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This can also be translated as, “Stop thinking that you shouldnt marry Mary” or, “Do not hesitate to have Mary as your wife.”
# The baby that is in her is from the Holy Spirit
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant with this child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# is from the Holy Spirit
That is, “was conceived by a miracle of the Holy Spirit.”
# She will give birth to a son
Because God sent the angel, the angel knew the baby was a boy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# Name him Jesus
This is a command that from God telling Joseph exactly what to name the baby. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# because he will save the people from their sins
The connecting word "because" connects the result—Joseph was to name the baby Jesus which means God saves, with the reason—the baby will save the people from their sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])

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# So Joseph married Mary
The connecting word "So" connects the result—Joseph took Mary as his wife, with the reason—the angel told him the baby was not another man's child conceived in sin but the son of God conceived by the Holy Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# but he did not sleep with her
The connecting word "but" contrasts Joseph taking Mary to be his wife, with him not sleeping with her. It would be expected that a man would sleep with the woman he took as his wife but Joseph did the unexpected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# he did not sleep with her
That is, “he did not have sexual relations with her.” He kept her a virgin until the birth of the baby.
He kept her a virgin until the birth of the baby. In order to be polite, a euphemism is used to say Joseph did not had sexual intercourse with Mary. Alternate translation: “he did not have sexual relations with her.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-figs-euphemism]])

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That is, “When it was near the end of Marys pregnancy.”
# They had to go there because the Roman officials wanted to count all the people in the land of Israel. They wanted everyone to go to where their ancestors had lived. King David had been born in Bethlehem, and he was the ancestor of both Mary and Joseph.
This is background information about why Joseph and Mary had to travel to Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# the Roman officials
Rome had conquered and ruled over Israel at this time.

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# but there was no place for them to stay
This is background information about why Jesus was born in a place where animals slept. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# no place for them to stay
That is, “no usual place for them to stay.” Because Bethlehem was so crowded at that time, the usual rooms for guests were already full of people.

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The appearance of the supernatural angel was extremely frightening.
# The angel said, “Do not be afraid, because I have some good news for you. The Messiah, the Master, has been born in Bethlehem!”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "The angel told them not to be afraid, because he had some good news for them. The Messiah, the Master, had been born in Bethlehem!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Do not be afraid
This often means, “stop being afraid.” The shepherds were very afraid when they saw the angel so he was telling them they did not need to be afraid.
This often means, “stop being afraid.” The angel spoke this command to the shepherds in order to comfort them. The shepherds were very afraid when they saw the angel, so he was telling them they did not need to be afraid. Alternate translation: "You do not need to be afraid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# The Messiah, the Master, has been born in Bethlehem!
This sentence emphasizes the exciting message that the Messiah—for whom the Israelites had so long been waiting—had finally come! (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])

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The angel continued speaking.
# Go search for the baby, and you will find him wrapped in pieces of cloth and lying in a feeding trough.
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "“The angel told them to go and search for the baby, and they would find him wrapped in pieces of cloth and lying in a feeding trough.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# and you will find him wrapped in pieces of cloth and lying in a feeding trough
The connecting word "and" introduces a sequential clause. After they go and search for the baby, they will find him wrapped in cloth and lying in a trough. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# wrapped in pieces of cloth
The custom of that time was to tightly wrap newborn babies in long strips of cloth. It may be necessary to say, “wrapped in long strips of cloth, in the customary way.”

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# Then the angels left
The connecting word "Then " introduces a sequential clause. The angels gave their praise, and then they left. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# everything they had heard and seen
This included the glorious angels and their amazing message, as well as seeing the newborn Messiah himself.

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# There were some men in a country far to the east.
This introduces the men who came from the east to worship Jesus as new characters in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
# They studied the stars and were very wise
This is background information about why these men knew Jesus had been born, and came to see him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# They studied the stars
These men may also have had access to the Old Testament prophets writings that predicted the birth of the Messiah.
@ -6,6 +14,10 @@ These men may also have had access to the Old Testament prophets writings tha
The star that they noticed was not a normal star. It was something that appeared at the time of Jesus birth.
# So they decided to travel from their country to see the child
The connecting word "So" connects the reason—a new king of the Jews had been born, with the result—the men decided to travel to see the child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# the child
As much as a year or two passed before the men arrived in Bethlehem. Jesus was no longer a baby.

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# When these men saw Jesus with his mother
The connecting word "When" introduces a simultaneous clause. When they saw Jesus, the wisemen bowed down and worshipped. It was their simultaneous response to seeing him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# bowed down
That is, “bowed low to the ground.” At that time, this was the customary way of showing great respect or reverence.
That is, “bowed low to the ground.” At that time, this was the customary way of showing great respect or reverence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
# expensive

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# John, the son of Zechariah and Elizabeth, grew up and became a prophet.
This introduces a new event—John preaching as an adult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
# He lived in the wilderness, ate wild honey and locusts, and wore clothes made from camel hair
This is background information about how John lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
# the wilderness
That is, “the desert” or, “a remote, desert-like place.” There were few people living out in this area.
@ -10,6 +18,10 @@ This honey was the natural product of bees in the wilderness; it was not cultiva
These were large, hopping insects with wings, like very large grasshoppers. Some people who live in the desert eat them.
# wore clothes made from camel hair
This clothing symbolizes that John is a prophet like the prophets from long ago, especially the prophet Elijah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
# clothes made from camel hair
That is, “coarse clothes made of camel hair.” These clothes would not quickly wear out in the wilderness as other clothes would.

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See how you translated this word in [24:01](24/01).
# He preached to them, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of God is near!”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "He preached to them, telling them to repent, for the kingdom of God was near!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Repent, for the kingdom of God is near!
This sentence emphasizes the urgent reason for them to repent—the kingdom of God was near! (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
# Repent
It might be better to say, “Repent from your sins.”
This is a command. It might be better to say, “Repent from your sins.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
# the kingdom of God is near

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# When people heard Johns message, many of them repented from their sins, and John baptized them
The connecting word "When" introduces a sequential clause. First, they heard John's message, then they would repent and John would baptize them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# repented from their sins
This could also be translated as, “repented concerning their sins” or, “changed their minds about their sins” or, “turned away from their sins.”

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# You poisonous snakes
This could be translated as, “You are like lying poisonous snakes!” John was calling them poisonous snakes because they were dangerous and deceptive.
John speaks of the religious leaders as if they were poisonous snakes. Poisonous snakes are dangerous and represent evil. Alternate translation: "You are evil like poisonous snakes!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# God will cut down every tree that does not bear good fruit, and he will throw them into the fire
John speaks of the religious leaders as if they were trees that bear bad fruit. This metaphor means God is ready to punish sinners. Alternate translation: "God has his axe and he is ready to cut down and burn any tree that grows bad fruit" or "As a person gets his axe ready to cut down and burn a tree that grows bad fruit, God is ready to punish you for your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# Every tree that does not bear good fruit

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This could be translated as, “He is so important.”
# not even worthy to untie his sandals
# I am not even worthy to untie his sandals
Untying the straps of sandals was a duty of a slave. John was saying that the one who would come is so great that John was not even worthy enough to be his slave. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
In other words, “compared to him, I am not important enough to do even the most menial task for him.” Untying sandals was a very low job, something a slave would do.

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# Look!
This sentence emphasizes the importance of the statement that follows. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
# There is
For some languages this would be, “Here is” or, “That man is.”
# the Lamb of God
This could also be translated as, “the Lamb from God” or, “the sacrifice Lamb that God has provided.” Jesus was the perfect sacrifice for sin that God promised to provide. He fulfills the image that was presented by the sacrifice of lambs in the Old Testament.
John speaks of Jesus as if Jesus is a lamb from God. This is a metaphor that represents God's perfect sacrifice. Jesus is called the "Lamb of God" because he was sacrificed to pay for people's sins. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# will take away
The sacrifice of Jesus causes God to look at our sin as if it never existed.
# world
The word "world" is a metonym and refers to all the people in the world. Alternate translation: "all the people in the world" or "every person in the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# the sin of the world
That is, “the sin of the people in the world.”

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# John said to Jesus, “I am not worthy to baptize you. You should baptize me instead.”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "John told Jesus that he was not worthy to baptize him, but that Jesus should baptize John instead." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# I am not worthy to baptize you
This could be translated as, “I am not good enough to baptize you” or, “I am sinful, so I should not baptize you.”
# But Jesus said, “You should baptize me, because it is the right thing to do.”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "But Jesus said that John should baptize him, because it was the right thing to do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# it is the right thing to do
This might also be translated as, “it is the proper thing to do” or, “this is what God wants me to do.”
# even though Jesus had never sinned
The connecting word "even though" introduces a factual condition. Baptism is sign of repentance, but Jesus never sinned, so he had no need to repent. Jesus' sinlessness was not questioned even though the evidence, his baptism, would seem to say he had repented of sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])

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# my Son whom I love
# after being baptized
This can be stated in active form: "After John baptized Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# Spirit of God appeared in the form of a dove and came down and rested on him
Possible meanings are 1) this is a simile, and the Spirit descended upon Jesus as a bird descends from the sky toward the ground or 2) the Spirit literally looked like a dove as he descended upon Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
# You are my Son
This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
Make sure the translation of this does not sound like there was another son. It may be necessary to say, “You are my Son. I love you very much and am very pleased with you.”

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# God had told John, “The Holy Spirit will come down and stay on someone you baptize. That person is the Son of God.”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "God had told John that the Holy Spirit would come down and stay on someone he baptized, and that that person would be the Son of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# God had told John
That is, “Before this, God had told John” or, “Before Jesus came to be baptized, God had told John.”
# Son of God
This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
# But when John baptized Jesus
The connecting word "But" contrasts the fact that there is only one God, with the fact that there is also God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
# A Bible story from
These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.

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# After Jesus fed the five thousand men, he told the disciples to get into a boat.
This introduces a new event. Jesus would come to the disciples on the water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
# a mountainside
That is, “the side of a mountain.”

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That is, “a spirit.” They thought Jesus was a spirit, since normally a human being cannot walk on water.
# so he called out to them and said, “Do not be afraid. It is I!”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "so he called out to them and told them not to be afraid, for it was he!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Do not be afraid
For some languages it may be more natural to say here, “Stop being afraid.”

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That is, “if it is really you, and not a ghost.”
# Jesus told Peter, “Come!”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "Jesus told Peter to come to him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Come!
That is, “Come here” or, “Come to me” or, “Come, walk to me.”

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@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ This may also be translated as, “You have so little faith in me!” or, “You
# Why did you not trust me to keep you safe?
That is, “You should have trusted me to keep you safe!” This isnt a real question, but a way in this language to make a strong point. In many languages, it works better to express this as a statement.
Jesus uses a question to tell Peter that he should not have doubted. You can make explicit what Peter should not have doubted. Alternate translation: "you should not have doubted that I could keep you from sinking!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]], [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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# The disciples were amazed
If you need to be more specific, it can be stated what they were amazed by. Alternate translation: "They were completely amazed at what he had done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# They worshiped him and said to him, “Truly, you are the Son of God.”
This is direct quotation. It can also be stated as an indirect quotation: "They worshiped him and said to him that he was truly the Son of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# Truly you are the Son of God
Other ways to say this would be, “You really are the Son of God” or, “It really is true that you are the Son of God.”
# the Son of God
This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
# A Bible story from
These references may be slightly different in some Bible translations.