Xenizo_fr_ta/translate/figs-order/01.md

### Description

Most languages have a normal way of ordering the parts of a sentence. It is not the same in all languages. You (the translator) need to know what the normal word order is in your language.

### The Main Parts of a Sentence

Most sentences have three basic important parts: subject, object, and verb. Subjects and objects are usually nouns (i.e., a person, place, thing, or idea) or pronouns. Verbs show action or a state of being.

#### Subject

The subject is usually what the sentence is about. It usually performs some action or is being described.
A subject may be **active**, meaning that it does something, such as sing, work, or teach.

* **Peter** sings the song well.

A subject may have something done to it.

* **Peter** was fed good food.

A subject can be described as being in a **state**, such as being happy, sad, or angry.

* **He** is tall.
* **The boy** is happy.

#### Object

The **object** is often the thing that the subject does something to.

* Peter hit **the ball**.
* Peter read **a book**.
* Peter sang **the song** well.
* Peter ate **good food**.


#### Verb

The verb shows an action or a state of being.

* Peter **sings** the song well.
* Peter **is singing**.
* Peter **is** tall.

#### Preferred Word Order

All languages have a preferred word order. However, word order is more important in some languages than in others. The examples below show the order of the subject, object, and verb in “Peter hit the ball” for some languages.

In some languages the order is Subject-Verb-Object. This is normal word order for English.

* Peter hit the ball.

In some languages the order is Subject-Object-Verb.

* Peter the ball hit.

In some languages the order is Verb-Subject-Object. This is normal word order for [Biblical Hebrew](../figs-orderHeb/01.md).

* Hit Peter the ball.

In some languages the order is not important for the meaning of the sentence because the language uses other ways to indicate whether a word is the subject, the verb, or the object. Both [Biblical Aramaic](../figs-orderHeb/01.md) and [Koiné Greek](,,/figs-orderGrk/01.md) are languages like this.

#### Changes in Word Order

Word order can change if the sentence:

* is a question or command
* describes a state of being (He is happy. He is tall.)
* expresses a condition, such as with the the word “if”
* has a location
* has a time element
* is in a poem

Word order can also change

* if there is some kind of emphasis on a certain part of the sentence
* if the sentence is really about something other than the subject

### Translation Principles

* Know which word order is preferred in your language.
* Use your language’s preferred word order unless there is some reason in your language to change it.
* Translate the sentence so that the meaning is accurate and clear and so that it sounds natural.


You may also want to watch the video at http://ufw.io/figs_order.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
+								### Description
-												Proofread.edits (#229)

											
										
										
											2019-10-19 13:38:47 +00:00
+								Most languages have a normal way of ordering the parts of a sentence. It is not the same in all languages. You (the translator) need to know what the normal word order is in your language.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								### The Main Parts of a Sentence
 								Most sentences have three basic important parts: subject, object, and verb. Subjects and objects are usually nouns (i.e., a person, place, thing, or idea) or pronouns. Verbs show action or a state of being.
 								#### Subject
-												Removed trailing whitespace at end of lines

											
										
										
											2017-11-29 21:40:43 +00:00
+								The subject is usually what the sentence is about. It usually performs some action or is being described.
-												Proofread.edits (#229)

											
										
										
											2019-10-19 13:38:47 +00:00
+								A subject may be **active**, meaning that it does something, such as sing, work, or teach.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Remove italics and remove bolding of whole verses (#377)

											
										
										
											2020-08-14 15:30:13 +00:00
+								* **Peter** sings the song well.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								A subject may have something done to it.
-												Remove italics and remove bolding of whole verses (#377)

											
										
										
											2020-08-14 15:30:13 +00:00
+								* **Peter** was fed good food.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Proofread.edits (#229)

											
										
										
											2019-10-19 13:38:47 +00:00
+								A subject can be described as being in a **state**, such as being happy, sad, or angry.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Remove italics and remove bolding of whole verses (#377)

											
										
										
											2020-08-14 15:30:13 +00:00
+								* **He** is tall.
 								* **The boy** is happy.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								#### Object
-												Removed trailing whitespace at end of lines

											
										
										
											2017-11-29 21:40:43 +00:00
+								The **object** is often the thing that the subject does something to.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Remove italics and remove bolding of whole verses (#377)

											
										
										
											2020-08-14 15:30:13 +00:00
+								* Peter hit **the ball**.
 								* Peter read **a book**.
 								* Peter sang **the song** well.
 								* Peter ate **good food**.
-												Correct merge errors (#218)

											
										
										
											2019-10-09 18:55:10 +00:00
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								#### Verb
 								The verb shows an action or a state of being.
-												Remove italics and remove bolding of whole verses (#377)

											
										
										
											2020-08-14 15:30:13 +00:00
+								* Peter **sings** the song well.
 								* Peter **is singing**.
 								* Peter **is** tall.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								#### Preferred Word Order
-												justplainjane47-tc-create-1 (#400)

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Co-authored-by: justplainjane47 <justplainjane47@noreply.door43.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/400

											
										
										
											2020-10-14 19:22:56 +00:00
+								All languages have a preferred word order. However, word order is more important in some languages than in others. The examples below show the order of the subject, object, and verb in “Peter hit the ball” for some languages.
-												Updates regarding biblical imagery and metaphors (#242)

											
										
										
											2019-10-29 04:44:42 +00:00
 								In some languages the order is Subject-Verb-Object. This is normal word order for English.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* Peter hit the ball.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								In some languages the order is Subject-Object-Verb.
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* Peter the ball hit.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Updates regarding biblical imagery and metaphors (#242)

											
										
										
											2019-10-29 04:44:42 +00:00
+								In some languages the order is Verb-Subject-Object. This is normal word order for [Biblical Hebrew](../figs-orderHeb/01.md).
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* Hit Peter the ball.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												justplainjane47-tc-create-1 (#400)

Edit 'translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

Edit 'translate/figs-rquestion/01.md' using 'tc-create-app'

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Co-authored-by: justplainjane47 <justplainjane47@noreply.door43.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/400

											
										
										
											2020-10-14 19:22:56 +00:00
+								In some languages the order is not important for the meaning of the sentence because the language uses other ways to indicate whether a word is the subject, the verb, or the object. Both [Biblical Aramaic](../figs-orderHeb/01.md) and [Koiné Greek](,,/figs-orderGrk/01.md) are languages like this.
-												Updates regarding biblical imagery and metaphors (#242)

											
										
										
											2019-10-29 04:44:42 +00:00
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
+								#### Changes in Word Order
 								Word order can change if the sentence:
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* is a question or command
 								* describes a state of being (He is happy. He is tall.)
-												Add curly quotes (#60)

											
										
										
											2019-06-13 21:02:36 +00:00
+								* expresses a condition, such as with the the word “if”
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* has a location
 								* has a time element
 								* is in a poem
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Removed trailing whitespace at end of lines

											
										
										
											2017-11-29 21:40:43 +00:00
+								Word order can also change
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* if there is some kind of emphasis on a certain part of the sentence
 								* if the sentence is really about something other than the subject
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
 								### Translation Principles
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* Know which word order is preferred in your language.
-												Add curly quotes (#60)

											
										
										
											2019-06-13 21:02:36 +00:00
+								* Use your language’s preferred word order unless there is some reason in your language to change it.
-												Standardized indentation of all bullets

											
										
										
											2017-06-27 05:36:26 +00:00
+								* Translate the sentence so that the meaning is accurate and clear and so that it sounds natural.
-												combined tA into RCs

											
										
										
											2017-04-14 23:13:59 +00:00
-												Small syntax fixes for v16 publish (#424)

Merge branch 'prepubV16' of git.door43.org:unfoldingWord/en_ta into prepubV16

Change trailing backspace back to two trailing spaces so we can publish

Merge branch 'master' into prepubV16

Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into prepubV16

Fix apostrophes

Change trailing double underlines back to backslash

Try trailing double underline instead of backslash

Replacing trailing spaces with backslash

Small syntax fixes for v16 publish

Co-authored-by: Robert Hunt <Freely.Given.org@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Richard Mahn <richard_mahn@wycliffeassociates.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/424

											
										
										
											2020-12-13 23:25:14 +00:00
+								You may also want to watch the video at http://ufw.io/figs_order.