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1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	EXO	front	intro	b4pp			# Introduction to Exodus<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Exodus<br><br>1. Israel in Egypt; preparing to depart from slavery (1–12)<br>- First genealogy (1:1–6)<br>- Israel as slaves in Egypt (1:7–22)<br>- Moses’ history to the time of the Exodus (2:1–4:26)<br>- Israel suffers in Egypt (4:27–6:13)<br>- Second genealogy (6:14–27)<br>- Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh (6:28–7:25)<br>- The plagues (8:1–11:10)<br>1. Instructions for celebrating the Passover (12:1–30)<br>1. From Egypt to Mount Sinai (12:31–18:27)<br>- The Passover; preparing to leave Egypt; leaving Egypt (12:31–50, 13:1–22)<br>- Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai (14:1–18:27)<br>1. Mount Sinai and the Law (19-40)<br>- Preparing for the covenant (19:1–25)<br>- The Ten Commandments (20:1–17)<br>- The covenant described (20:18–23:33)<br>- The people agree to the covenant; Moses returns to Mount Sinai (24:1–18)<br>- Design of the tabernacle and its furnishings; what was required of those who serve in it; tabernacle functions (25:1–31:18)<br>- The golden calf; Moses prays for the people (32:1–33:22)<br>- The covenant described again (34:1–35)<br>- Making of the ark and its furnishings (35:1–38:31) and priestly garments (39:1–43, 40:1–33)<br>- The cloud (40:34–38)<br><br>### What is the Book of Exodus about?<br><br>Exodus continues the story of the previous book, Genesis. The first half of Exodus is about how Yahweh made Abraham’s descendants into a nation. This nation, which would be called “Israel,” was meant to belong to Yahweh and worship him. The second half of Exodus describes how God gave the Israelites his law through Moses. The law of Moses told the Israelites how to obey and worship Yahweh properly.<br><br>The Book of Exodus tells how the Israelites were to build the tabernacle. The tabernacle was a tent where Yahweh would be among his people. The Israelites worshiped and sacrificed animals to Yahweh at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>“Exodus” means “exit” or “departure.” Translators may translate this title in a way that can communicate its subject clearly, for example, “About the Israelites Leaving Egypt” or “How the Israelites Left the Land of Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Exodus?<br><br>The writers of both the Old and New Testaments present Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Exodus. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.<br><br>### Why did Moses write so much about God delivering or rescuing the people of Israel?<br><br>Moses wrote much about God rescuing his people from the Egyptians to show that Yahweh is very powerful. Egypt was the most powerful nation at that time. And Yahweh was still able to free the Israelites from the Egyptians. Also, by rescuing the Israelites, Yahweh showed that he had chosen them as his people and they should worship him.<br><br>### How does the Book of Exodus show the fulfillment of the promises given to Abraham?<br><br>The Book of Exodus shows God beginning to fulfill his promise to Abraham. In Genesis, God promised Abraham that he would have many descendants and that they would become a large nation. When God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians, he took them to Mount Sinai. There he made a covenant with them, and they became the nation that belonged to Yahweh.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What was the Jewish Passover?<br><br>The Jewish Passover was a religious festival. Yahweh commanded the Israelites to celebrate it every year. Passover was a time to remember how God rescued them from the Egyptians. The first Passover meal was eaten in the evening just before they left Egypt.<br><br>### What was the law of Moses to the people of Israel?<br><br>The law of Moses instructed the people of Israel what Yahweh required them to do as his people. In the law, God told the people how they should live so that they honor him. He also instructed them about their need to offer animal sacrifices. God required these sacrifices so that he could forgive their sins and continue living among them. The law also described the duties of the priests and told how to build the tabernacle.<br><br>### What did it mean that Israel was to be a “kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (19:6 ULT)?<br><br>Israel was a holy nation because Yahweh separated them from all other nations to belong to him. They were to honor and worship him only. This made them different than all the other nations of the world. These other nations worshiped many false gods.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Why are the details of the construction of the tabernacle in Exodus 25–32 repeated in Exodus 35–40?<br><br>In Exodus 25-32, God describes exactly how the tabernacle was to be built. The details were repeated in Exodus 35-40. This showed that the people were to be careful to do exactly as God commanded.<br><br>### Are the events in the order that they actually happened?<br><br>Most but not all of the events in the Book of Exodus are told in the order that they actually happened. Translators may need to make it clear when the events are in an unusual order.<br><br>### What does it mean that God “lived” among his people?<br><br>The Book of Exodus presents God as living in the tabernacle among the nation of Israel. God is everywhere, but he lived among the Israelites in a special way. God dwelled with Israelites because they belonged to him. He promised to lead them and bless them. In return, the people were to worship him and honor him.<br>
3	EXO	1	intro	cj55			# Exodus 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition with the last chapter of the book of Genesis.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel’s growth<br>Israel grew in number. This was in fulfillment of the covenant God made with Abraham. It also caused the Egyptians great concern that there would be more Israelites than Egyptians because they would be unable to defend themselves against such a large number of people. Pharaoh also tried to kill all of the male babies so they would not become soldiers who fought against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fulfill]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### End of the famine<br>It is obvious that some time has passed since the beginning of the famine which brought the Israelites into Egypt. Yahweh appears to be punishing the Hebrews for not returning back to the Promised Land instead choosing to stay in Egypt. No return attempt is recorded to have been made. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “All of the descendants of Jacob were seventy in number”<br>This number included both Jacob’s children and grandchildren. It may cause confusion, but it is important to remember Jacob only had 12 sons.<br>
4	EXO	1	1	g89k	figs-metonymy	household	This refers to all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
5	EXO	1	5	fv84	translate-numbers	seventy in number	“70 in number” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
6	EXO	1	5	w4ni		Joseph was already in Egypt	“Joseph lived in Egypt before his brothers”
7	EXO	1	6	g5qg		all his brothers	This includes 10 older brothers and 1 younger brother.
8	EXO	1	7	nk2l	figs-metaphor	were fruitful	The birth of children to the Israelites is spoken of as if they were plants that were producing fruit. Alternate translation: “had many children” or “gave birth to many children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9	EXO	1	7	r2f1	figs-activepassive	the land was filled with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They filled the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
10	EXO	1	7	piq4		with them	The word “them” refers to the Israelites.
11	EXO	1	8	t6jd	figs-metonymy	arose over Egypt	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “began to rule over the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
12	EXO	1	9	tf59		He said to his people	“The king said to his people”
13	EXO	1	9	x65i		his people	These were the people who lived in Egypt, the Egyptians.
14	EXO	1	10	hiq4	figs-inclusive	let us	The word “us” is inclusive and refers to the king and his people, the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
15	EXO	1	10	d9tc	figs-personification	war breaks out	Here war is spoken of as a person that is able to act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
16	EXO	1	10	jc1h		leave the land	“leave Egypt”
17	EXO	1	11	y2mi		taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work
18	EXO	1	11	l9lj		to oppress them with hard labor	“to force the Israelites to do hard work for the Egyptians”
19	EXO	1	11	pkz4		store cities	These were places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe.
20	EXO	1	13	j1q6		made ... work rigorously	“made ... work very hard” or “harshly made ... work”
21	EXO	1	14	mx6v	figs-metaphor	made their lives bitter	The difficult lives of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were bitter food that was difficult to eat. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
22	EXO	1	14	cuq7		mortar	This was a wet glue or mud put between bricks or stones that held them together when it dried.
23	EXO	1	14	gzq7		All their required work was hard	“The Egyptians made them work very hard” or “The Egyptians forced them to work very hard”
24	EXO	1	15	yly5		king of Egypt	The king of Egypt is called Pharaoh.
25	EXO	1	15	hhw1		midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby.
26	EXO	1	15	h8f8	translate-names	Shiphrah ... Puah	These are Hebrew women’s names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
27	EXO	1	16	h3mb	figs-metonymy	on the birthstool	Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate translation: “as they give birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
28	EXO	1	18	y9g5		midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:16](../01/16.md).
29	EXO	1	18	q1sy	figs-rquestion	Why have you done this, and let the baby boys live?	Pharaoh asked this question to rebuke the midwives for allowing the male children to live. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You have disobeyed my order by not killing the male babies!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
30	EXO	1	19	i8m1		The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women	The midwives answered wisely to appease Pharaoh’s anger.
31	EXO	1	20	l8xb		God protected these midwives	God kept Pharaoh from killing these midwives.
32	EXO	1	20	eh25		midwives	These were women who helped a woman give birth to a baby. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:16](../01/16.md).
33	EXO	1	20	h133		The people increased in numbers	“The Israelites increased in numbers”
34	EXO	1	21	zj4t		feared God	“revered God” or “had reverence for God”
35	EXO	1	21	jx9c		he gave them families	“the enabled them to have children”
36	EXO	1	22	ld1j	figs-explicit	You must throw every son ... into the river	This order was given in order to drown the male children. The full meaning of this may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “You must ... into the river so they will drown” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
37	EXO	2	intro	rwf3			# Exodus 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ heritage<br>In the first part of this chapter, Pharaoh’s daughter recognizes Moses as being a Hebrew, but in the last part of this chapter, the Midianites believe him to be an Egyptian.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Ironic situations<br>While Pharaoh tried to diminish the power of the Israelites by killing all of their baby boys, Yahweh used Pharaoh’s own daughter to save Moses. Moses was the one who would ultimately be used by Yahweh to deliver Israel.<br>
38	EXO	2	1	wvj9	writing-newevent	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the narrative. If you have a way of doing this in your language, consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
39	EXO	2	3	t2gj		papyrus basket	This is a basket made from a tall grass that grows by the Nile River in Egypt.
40	EXO	2	3	tn3y	figs-explicit	sealed it with bitumen and pitch	You could explicitly state that this was to keep out water. Alternate translation: “spread tar on it to keep water from getting into it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
41	EXO	2	3	wpb6		sealed	Here “sealed” means that she applied a waterproof coating.
42	EXO	2	3	ym3k	translate-unknown	bitumen	This is a sticky black paste made from petroleum. It can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
43	EXO	2	3	v825	translate-unknown	pitch	This is a sticky brown or black paste that can be made from tree sap or from petroleum. Therefore, “pitch” would include not only “bitumen” but also plant-based resins. It too can be used to keep out water. Alternate translation: “tar” or “resin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
44	EXO	2	3	y8gq		reeds	These “reeds” were a type of tall grass that grew in flat, wet areas.
45	EXO	2	4	av8b		at a distance	This means she stood far enough away so that she would not be noticed, but close enough to see the basket.
46	EXO	2	5	bi7s		her attendants	the young women whose job was to be with her and make sure nothing bad happened to her
47	EXO	2	6	g9n6		Behold	The word “behold” signals the surprising information that follows.
48	EXO	2	7	d7aj		nurse	feed with milk from the breast
49	EXO	2	10	zj8h		she brought him	“the Hebrew woman brought him”
50	EXO	2	10	j7n1		he became her son	“he became the adopted son of Pharaoh’s daughter”
51	EXO	2	10	nh2m		Because I drew him from the water	Translators may add a footnote that says “The name Moses sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘pull.’”
52	EXO	2	10	yax4		drew him	“pulled him”
53	EXO	2	11	swn3		striking a Hebrew	“hitting a Hebrew” or “beating a Hebrew”
54	EXO	2	12	m9bn	figs-merism	He looked this way and that way	These two opposite directions have the combined meaning of “everywhere.” Alternate translation: “He looked all around” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
55	EXO	2	13	qn45		He went out	“Moses went out”
56	EXO	2	13	rgn1		behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses was surprised by what he saw. You can use a word in your language that will give this meaning.
57	EXO	2	13	i4d6	figs-idiom	the one who was in the wrong	This was a customary way of saying “the one who started the fight.” Alternate translation: “the one who was guilty of starting the fight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
58	EXO	2	14	qb2n	figs-rquestion	Who made you a leader and judge over us?	The man used this question to rebuke Moses for intervening in the fight. Alternate translation: “You are not our leader and have no right to judge us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
59	EXO	2	14	k6s5	figs-rquestion	Are you planning to kill me as you killed that Egyptian?	The man used a question here to be sarcastic. Alternate translation: “We know that you killed an Egyptian yesterday. You had better not kill me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
60	EXO	2	15	hh78		Now when Pharaoh heard about it	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author starts to tell a new part of the incident.
61	EXO	2	16	shg5		Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in the event. Here the author tells about new people in the narrative.
62	EXO	2	16	i2jh		drew water	This means that they brought up water from a well.
63	EXO	2	16	g1e6		troughs	a long, narrow, open container for animals to eat or drink out of
64	EXO	2	17	r3lp		drive them away	“chase them away”
65	EXO	2	17	z17m		helped them	“rescued them”
66	EXO	2	20	x9yb	figs-rquestion	Why did you leave the man?	This question is a mild rebuke to the daughters for not inviting Moses into their home according to the normal hospitality of that culture. Alternate translation: “You should not have left this man at the well!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
67	EXO	2	21	zvr1		Moses agreed to stay with the man	“Moses agreed to live with Reuel”
68	EXO	2	21	y3q7	translate-names	Zipporah	This is Reuel’s daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
69	EXO	2	22	n5b1	translate-names	Gershom	This is Moses’s son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
70	EXO	2	22	q7d8		resident in a foreign land	“stranger in a foreign land”
71	EXO	2	23	csg2		groaned	They did this because of their sorrow and misery. Alternate translation: “sighed deeply”
72	EXO	2	23	x84a	figs-personification	their pleas went up to God	The cries of the Israelites are spoken of as if they were a person and were able to travel up to where God is. Alternate translation: “God heard their pleas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
73	EXO	2	24	sja4	figs-idiom	God called to mind his covenant	This was a customary way of saying God thought about what He had promised. Alternate translation: “God remembered his covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
74	EXO	3	intro	n6ze			# Exodus 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records one of the most important events in the history of the Israelite people: the revelation of the name Yahweh at the burning bush. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### God’s holiness<br>God is so holy that people could not look upon him without dying. This is why Moses covered his eyes. It is also why he took off his shoes. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh<br>The name Yahweh is sacred in the Hebrew religion. It is the personal name of God, which he revealed to Moses. It is by this name, he is known. Yahweh means “I am.” Some translations use all capitals to set this apart, “I AM.” Great care must be taken in translating the phrase “I am that I am.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/yahweh]])<br>
75	EXO	3	2	lwq7		angel of Yahweh	This was Yahweh himself appearing as an angel, and not just an angel that Yahweh sent. “Yahweh appeared as an angel” .
76	EXO	3	2	x5ci		Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
77	EXO	3	2	d3tf		behold	The word “behold” here shows that Moses saw something that was very different from what he expected.
78	EXO	3	5	prv9		set apart	“made holy”
79	EXO	3	6	sxk8		the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	All of these men worshiped the same God. Alternate translation: “the God of your father, of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob”
80	EXO	3	6	l5sy		your father	Possible meanings are 1) “your ancestor” or 2) “your father.” If it means “your ancestor,” then the phrases following it clarify who “your father” refers to: it refers to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. If it means “your father,” then it refers to Moses’s own father.
81	EXO	3	7	xx7r		taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
82	EXO	3	8	pxy8	figs-metaphor	a land flowing with milk and honey	“a land where milk and honey flow.” God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
83	EXO	3	8	dtz9		flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
84	EXO	3	8	q94i	figs-metonymy	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
85	EXO	3	8	l1as	figs-metonymy	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
86	EXO	3	9	uup9	figs-personification	the shouts of the people of Israel have come to me	Here the word “shouts” are spoken of as if they were persons who are capable of moving on their own. Alternate translation: “I have heard the cries of the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
87	EXO	3	11	y8cr	figs-rquestion	Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh ... Egypt?	Moses uses this question to tell God that Moses is a nobody and no one will listen to him. Alternate translation: “I am not important enough to go to Pharaoh ... Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
88	EXO	3	14	cli8		God said to Moses, “I AM THAT I AM.”	This is God’s response to Moses’ question about God’s name. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “God said to Moses, ‘Tell them that God says his name is, “I AM THAT I AM.”’”
89	EXO	3	14	b6vk		I AM THAT I AM	Possible meanings are 1) this whole sentence is God’s name or 2) God is not telling his name but something about himself. By saying this, God is teaching that he is eternal; he has always lived and always will live.
90	EXO	3	14	s62u		I AM	Languages that do not have an equivalent to the verb “am” may need to render this as “I LIVE” or “I EXIST.”
91	EXO	3	16	ec3v		General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
92	EXO	3	16	xqy9		the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of Moses’s ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
93	EXO	3	16	fv77		I have indeed observed you	The word “you” refers to the people of Israel.
94	EXO	3	17	pwn5	figs-metaphor	a land flowing with milk and honey	“a land where milk and honey flow.” God spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
95	EXO	3	17	za9l		flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
96	EXO	3	17	rtr5	figs-metonymy	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
97	EXO	3	17	msf8	figs-metonymy	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
98	EXO	3	18	j24k		They will listen to you	The word “you” refers to Moses. Alternate translation: “The elders will listen to you”
99	EXO	3	19	idp7		General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
100	EXO	3	19	qf46	figs-metonymy	unless his hand is forced	This can be stated in active form. The word “hand” is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are 1) “only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else,” where the “hand” belongs to Pharaoh; where the “hand” belongs to Yahweh, 2) “only if I force him to let you go” or 3) “not even if I force him to let you go.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
101	EXO	3	20	yds5	figs-metonymy	I will reach out with my hand and attack	Here “hand” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “I will powerfully attack” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
102	EXO	3	21	kt7b	figs-doublenegatives	will not go empty-handed	The word here “empty-handed” is used to emphasize the opposite meaning. Alternate translation: “will go with your hands full of good things” or “will go with many valuable things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
103	EXO	3	22	w2av		any women staying in her neighbors’ houses	“any Egyptian woman staying in the houses of her Egyptian neighbors”
104	EXO	4	intro	kap5			# Exodus 04 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses does not understand<br>Although Moses believes in Yahweh, he does not trust in him. This is because Moses lacks understanding. Moses tries to believe the things he is asked to do are done by his own power. Yahweh is trying to get Moses to trust that these are Yahweh’s doing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Children of God<br>This chapter really introduces the concept that the people group Israel is the chosen people of God and God’s children, possibly God’s firstborn children. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/peopleofgod]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/firstborn]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this statement. There is debate over whether Pharaoh plays an active or passive role in the hardening of his own heart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br>
105	EXO	4	1	j4yg		if they do not believe	“if the Israelites do not believe”
106	EXO	4	4	g6bk		take it by the tail	“pick it up by the tail” or “grasp it by the tail”
107	EXO	4	4	m86n		became a staff	“turned into a rod” or “changed into a staff”
108	EXO	4	5	jr8m		the God of their ancestors, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob	Abraham, Isaac and Jacob were three of their ancestors. They all worshiped the same God.
109	EXO	4	6	ep52	figs-exclamations	behold	This word is used to create an exclamation, showing surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
110	EXO	4	6	pw7g	figs-simile	as white as snow	The word “as” here is used to compare what Moses’ hand looked like. Leprosy causes the skin to look white. You may not have a word for snow in your language. If so, consider an alternative that describes something white. Alternate translation: “as white as wool or as white as the sand on the beach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
111	EXO	4	8	lsb3		pay attention	“acknowledge” or “accept”
112	EXO	4	10	w12a		have never been eloquent	“have never been an excellent speaker”
113	EXO	4	10	bv64	figs-doublet	I am slow of speech and slow of tongue	The phrases “slow of speech” and “slow of tongue” mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize that he is not a good speaker. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
114	EXO	4	10	zm3y	figs-metonymy	slow of tongue	Here “tongue” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “unable to speak well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
115	EXO	4	11	ks2m	figs-rquestion	Who is it who made man’s mouth?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the Creator who makes if possible for people to speak. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh am the one who created the human mouth and the ability to speak!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
116	EXO	4	11	e1y6	figs-rquestion	Who makes a man mute or deaf or seeing or blind?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he is the one who decides if people can speak and hear, and if they can see. Alternate translation: “I Yahweh make people able to speak, or hear, or to see, or to be blind!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
117	EXO	4	11	uq7j	figs-rquestion	Is it not I, Yahweh?	Yahweh uses this question to emphasize that he alone makes these decisions. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am the one who does this!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
118	EXO	4	12	kkr1	figs-metonymy	I will be with your mouth	Here “mouth” refers to Moses’ ability to speak. Alternate translation: “I will give you the ability to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
119	EXO	4	14	ew4h	figs-metonymy	he will be glad in his heart	Here “heart” refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: “he will be very happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
120	EXO	4	15	u97f	figs-metaphor	put the words to say into his mouth	Words here are spoken of as if they were something that can be physically placed in a person’s mouth. Alternate translation: “give him the message that he is to repeat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
121	EXO	4	15	q9cf	figs-metonymy	I will be with your mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Moses choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give you the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
122	EXO	4	15	v57x	figs-metonymy	with his mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Aaron’s choice of words. Alternate translation: “I will give him the right words to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
123	EXO	4	16	z24t	figs-metonymy	He will be your mouth	The word “mouth” here represents Aaron repeating what Moses told him. Alternate translation: “He will say what you tell him to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
124	EXO	4	16	gn5v	figs-simile	you will be to him like me, God	The word “like” here means Moses would represent the same authority to Aaron as God did to Moses. Alternate translation: “you will speak to Aaron with the same authority with which I spoke to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
125	EXO	4	18	b6mf		father-in-law	This refers to the father of Moses’ wife.
126	EXO	4	21	bq9d	figs-synecdoche	will harden his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
127	EXO	4	22	pt4n	figs-metonymy	Israel is my son	The word “Israel” here represents all the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel are my own children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
128	EXO	4	22	j4av	figs-metaphor	is my son, my firstborn	Here the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a firstborn son who causes joy and pride. Alternate translation: “is like my own firstborn son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
129	EXO	4	23	k7mh	figs-metonymy	you have refused to let him go	The word “him” refers to the people of Israel as God’s son. Alternate translation: “you have refused to let my son go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
130	EXO	4	23	re11		I will certainly kill your son, your firstborn	The word “son” here refers to the actual son of Pharaoh.
131	EXO	4	24	sp6h		Yahweh met Moses and tried to kill him	This may have been because Moses had not circumcised his son.
132	EXO	4	25	m1la	translate-names	Zipporah	This is the name of Moses’s wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
133	EXO	4	25	a36h		flint knife	This was a knife with a sharpened stone blade.
134	EXO	4	25	l6sr	figs-euphemism	to his feet	It is possible that the word “feet” here may have been a more respectful way to refer to the genital area of the body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
135	EXO	4	25	b2t3	figs-metaphor	you are a bridegroom to me by blood	The meaning of this metaphor is unclear. It was probably a known saying in that culture. Alternate translation: “you are related to me by this blood” or “you are my husband because of blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
136	EXO	4	27	xk6b		Yahweh said to Aaron	You may want to add a word that marks the beginning of a new part of the story, as the UST does with the word “Meanwhile.”
137	EXO	4	27	wy4n		at the mountain of God	This may have been the mountain at Sinai, but the text does not include that information.
138	EXO	4	28	b429		he had sent him to say	The word “he” refers to Yahweh, and “him” refers to Moses.
139	EXO	4	30	bm2x		in the sight of the people	“before the people” or “in the presence of the people”
140	EXO	4	31	q1er		had observed the Israelites	“saw the Israelites” or “was concerned about the Israelites”
141	EXO	4	31	g83a	translate-symaction	they bowed their heads	Possible meanings are 1) “they bowed their heads in awe” or 2) “they bowed down low in reverence.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
142	EXO	5	intro	kea2			# Exodus 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### A slave’s work<br>The Egyptians were known for making their slaves do a lot of work. They were forced to make a specific number of bricks every day. In this chapter, the were required to not only make these bricks, but also to gather the straw in order to make these bricks.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Let my people go”<br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br><br>### Titles<br>The leaders are given different titles in this chapter. The ULT uses “taskmasters” and “foremen.” Many cultures will not have these types of titles. Generic expressions like “Egyptian leaders” and “Hebrew leaders” may be necessary.<br>
143	EXO	5	1	q9kn		After these things happened	It is unclear how long Moses and Aaron waited until they went to see Pharoah.
144	EXO	5	1	u2vt		festival for me	This is a celebration to worship Yahweh.
145	EXO	5	2	cm2l	figs-rquestion	Who is Yahweh?	Pharaoh uses this question to show that he does not recognize Yahweh as a legitimate god. Alternate translation: “I do not know Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
146	EXO	5	2	v4c1	figs-rquestion	Why should I ... let Israel go?	Pharaoh uses this question to state that he has no interest in obeying Yahweh or in letting the Israelites go to worship him. Alternate translation: “He is nothing to me and I will not let Israel go!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
147	EXO	5	2	c653	figs-metonymy	listen to his voice	The words “his voice” represent the words God spoke. Alternate translation: “listen to what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
148	EXO	5	3	y9ip		God of the Hebrews	This is a term also used for the Israelites’ God or Yahweh.
149	EXO	5	3	gfs5	figs-metonymy	or with the sword	Here “sword” represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate translation: “or cause our enemies to attack us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
150	EXO	5	4	kl1i	figs-rquestion	why are you taking the people from their work?	Pharaoh uses this question to express his anger towards Moses and Aaron for taking the Israelites away from their work. Alternate translation: “stop distracting the people from doing their work!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
151	EXO	5	6	zd4m		taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
152	EXO	5	7	p9nx	figs-you	you must no longer give	The word “you” in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
153	EXO	5	10	x4bi		taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
154	EXO	5	10	gb4d	figs-you	I will no longer give you	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
155	EXO	5	11	xe4i	figs-you	you can find ... your workload	The word “you” is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
156	EXO	5	11	w918	figs-rpronouns	You yourselves must go	Here “yourselves” emphasizes that the Egyptians will no longer help them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
157	EXO	5	11	g5vb		your workload will not be reduced	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before”
158	EXO	5	12	s9dk	figs-hyperbole	throughout all the land of Egypt	This is an generalization used to show the extra effort Israel made to meet Pharaoh’s demands. Alternate translation: “to many places throughout Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
159	EXO	5	12	q7y7		stubble	the part of a plant that is left over after harvest
160	EXO	5	13	th6x		taskmasters	Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
161	EXO	5	14	eq22	figs-rquestion	Why have you not produced all the bricks required of you ... in the past?	The taskmasters used this question to show they were angry with the lack of bricks. Alternate translation: “You are not producing enough bricks, either yesterday or today, as you did in the past!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
162	EXO	5	15	emq7		cried out	“complained”
163	EXO	5	16	hsa6		they are still telling us, ‘Make bricks!’	Here “they” refers to the Egyptian taskmasters.
164	EXO	5	19	l9d2	figs-activepassive	when they were told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when Pharaoh told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
165	EXO	5	20	ve3z		palace	This is a very large house that a king lives in.
166	EXO	5	21	j3zp	figs-metaphor	you have made us offensive	The Egyptians responded to the Israelites the same way they would respond to a foul odor. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to hate us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
167	EXO	5	21	d592	figs-metonymy	have put a sword in their hand to kill us	Here “a sword” represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate translation: “have given them a reason to kill us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
168	EXO	5	22	g4d5	figs-rquestion	Lord, why have you caused trouble for this people?	This question shows how disappointed he was that the Egyptians were treating the Israelites even more harshly now. Alternate translation: “Lord, I am sorry that you have caused this trouble for this people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
169	EXO	5	22	w8t1	figs-rquestion	Why did you send me in the first place?	This question shows how disappointed Moses was that God had sent him to Egypt. Alternate translation: “I wish you had never sent me here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
170	EXO	5	23	v2k2	figs-metonymy	to speak to him in your name	The word “name” here represents the message of God. Alternate translation: “to give him your message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
171	EXO	6	intro	we5k			# Exodus 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Promised Land<br>According to the covenant Yahweh made with Abraham, Egypt is not the home of the Hebrew people. It is the Promised Land in Canaan. The people are to return home to their land. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br>
172	EXO	6	1	ece6	figs-metonymy	my strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
173	EXO	6	3	l81y		I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob	“I showed myself to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob”
174	EXO	6	3	m27p	figs-activepassive	I was not known to them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They did not know me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
175	EXO	6	5	l3yc		groaning	This means making sad sounds because of pain and suffering.
176	EXO	6	6	yv14		say to the Israelites	This is a command from Yahweh to Moses. “Yahweh told Moses to say to the Israelites”
177	EXO	6	8	g9ru		I swore	“I promised” or “I said I would”
178	EXO	6	12	k7hl	figs-rquestion	If the Israelites have not listened to me, why will Pharaoh listen to me, since I am not good at speaking?	Moses asked this question hoping God would change His mind about using Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Since the Israelites did not listen to me, neither will Pharaoh, because I am not good at speaking!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
179	EXO	6	14	h195		the heads of their fathers’ houses	Here “heads” refers to the original ancestors of the clan. Alternate translation: “the ancestors of the clans”
180	EXO	6	14	wv89	translate-names	Hanok, Pallu, Hezron, and Karmi	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
181	EXO	6	15	c1ni	translate-names	Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar, and Shaul	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
182	EXO	6	16	k64h	translate-names	Gershon ... Merari	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
183	EXO	6	16	m36f	translate-numbers	137 years old	“one hundred and thirty-seven years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
184	EXO	6	18	alm8	translate-names	Amram ... Uzziel	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
185	EXO	6	18	qu41	translate-numbers	133 years old	“one hundred and thirty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
186	EXO	6	20	ti6q	translate-numbers	137 years	“one hundred and thirty-seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
187	EXO	6	21	f3yr	translate-names	Izhar ... Korah ... Zichri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
188	EXO	6	22	n7cl	translate-names	Uzziel ... Mishael ... Sithri	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
189	EXO	6	23	n1xh	translate-names	Nadab ... Ithamar	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
190	EXO	6	25	zvg2	translate-names	Phinehas	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
191	EXO	6	25	fck8	figs-metonymy	These were the heads of the fathers’ houses	The word “heads” here represents family leaders. Alternate translation: “These were the leaders of the families” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
192	EXO	6	26	ft6y		by their groups of fighting men	“one tribe at a time” or “one family group after another”
193	EXO	6	30	nf3w	figs-rquestion	I am not good ... why will Pharaoh listen to me?	Moses asks this question hoping to change God’s mind. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am not good ... Pharaoh will certainly not listen to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
194	EXO	7	intro	r9we			# Exodus 07 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Miracles<br>When Yahweh had Moses perform miracles, Pharaoh’s men were able to copy these miracles. It is unknown how they were able to do this, but since it was not from Yahweh, they were probably done under some evil power. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br>
195	EXO	7	1	dn1s		I have made you like a god	“I will cause Pharaoh to consider you as a god”
196	EXO	7	3	dhi5	figs-synecdoche	harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 4:21](../04/21.md). Alternate translation: “will cause Pharaoh to be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
197	EXO	7	3	vtt1	figs-doublet	many signs ... many wonders	The words “signs” and “wonders” mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
198	EXO	7	4	e2kv	figs-metonymy	put my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “use my power against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
199	EXO	7	5	npd6	figs-metonymy	reach out with my hand on	The words “my hand” represent God’s great power. Alternate translation: “show my powerful acts against” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
200	EXO	7	7	g7i5	figs-ellipsis	Aaron eighty-three years old	“Aaron was eighty-three years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
201	EXO	7	9	jt9z	figs-quotations	When Pharaoh says to you, ‘Do a miracle,’ then you will say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake.’	This could be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh tells you to do a miracle, then you will tell Aaron to take his staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, so that it may become a snake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
202	EXO	7	12	u6np		swallowed up	“ate up” or “devoured”
203	EXO	7	13	g42f	figs-synecdoche	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
204	EXO	7	14	d27r	figs-synecdoche	Pharaoh’s heart is hard	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh is stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
205	EXO	7	15	c5np	figs-explicit	when he goes out to the water	The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “when he goes down to the Nile River to bathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
206	EXO	7	16	yqp7		Say to him	“Say to Pharaoh”
207	EXO	7	17	j1ev		strike the water	“hit the water”
208	EXO	7	19	wxp2		throughout all	“in every part of”
209	EXO	7	20	zy18	figs-explicit	in the river	The name of the river may be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
210	EXO	7	22	qdc7	figs-synecdoche	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
211	EXO	7	24	m6zn	figs-hyperbole	All the Egyptians	The word “all” here is a generalization that means “many.” Alternate translation: “Many of the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
212	EXO	8	intro	ww1y			# Exodus 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br>
213	EXO	8	3	e7jf	figs-explicit	The river	“the Nile River” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
214	EXO	8	3	ki53		kneading bowls	These are bowls in which bread is made.
215	EXO	8	8	mhn3		Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron	“Then Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron”
216	EXO	8	9	q3e4		You can have the privilege of telling me when I should pray for you	“You can choose when I will pray for you” or “You can choose the time I should pray for you”
217	EXO	8	15	lv2n	figs-idiom	he hardened his heart	“Pharaoh hardened his heart.” Here “hardened” means that he became stubborn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
218	EXO	8	15	b47h		just as Yahweh had said that he would do	“just as Yahweh had said Pharaoh would do”
219	EXO	8	19	lk2k	figs-metonymy	This is the finger of God	The words “finger of God” represent the power of God. Alternate translation: “This is the powerful work of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
220	EXO	8	19	z1w2	figs-synecdoche	Pharaoh’s heart was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
221	EXO	8	20	j5n8		stand in front of Pharaoh	“present yourself to Pharaoh”
222	EXO	8	20	eqd2		Let my people go	“set my people free”
223	EXO	8	22	mv8w		General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh through Moses.
224	EXO	8	24	nd6e	figs-activepassive	the land was ruined because of the swarms of flies	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the swarms of flies devastated the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
225	EXO	8	26	gy7d	figs-idiom	right before their eyes	This was a customary way of saying “in the presence of someone.” Alternate translation: “in their presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
226	EXO	8	26	i7dy	figs-rquestion	will they not stone us?	Moses asks this question to show Pharaoh the Egyptians would allow the Israelites to worship Yahweh. Alternate translation: “they will certainly stone us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
227	EXO	8	29	bf85	figs-doublenegatives	you must not deal deceitfully any more by not letting our people go	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you must begin to deal truthfully with us and let our people go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
228	EXO	8	29	hh4q		But you must not deal deceitfully	“But you must not deceive us” or “But you must not lie to us”
229	EXO	8	32	sb5l	figs-synecdoche	Pharaoh hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
230	EXO	9	intro	hqw8			# Exodus 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br>
231	EXO	9	1	se3f		General Information:	Yahweh continues talking with Moses about dealing with Pharaoh and bringing the Hebrew people out of Egypt.
232	EXO	9	2	l7ld	figs-parallelism	if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They will emphasize to Pharaoh what will happen if Pharaoh does this. Alternate translation: “if you continue refusing to let them go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
233	EXO	9	3	ume2	figs-metonymy	then Yahweh’s hand will be on your cattle	The word “hand” here represents Yahweh’s power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate translation: “then the power of Yahweh will afflict your cattle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
234	EXO	9	3	tn3z		on your cattle	The word “your” here refers to all the people of Egypt who owned cattle.
235	EXO	9	4	lp3t	figs-metonymy	Israel’s cattle	Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
236	EXO	9	4	fs25	figs-metonymy	Egypt’s cattle	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
237	EXO	9	5	vqz2		fixed a time	“set a time” or “appointed a time”
238	EXO	9	6	cx5i	figs-hyperbole	All the cattle of Egypt died	This is exaggerated to emphasize the seriousness of the event. There were still some animals alive that were afflicted by later plagues. However, it may be best to translate this with the word “All.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
239	EXO	9	6	gy7t	figs-metonymy	cattle of Egypt	Here “Egypt” refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: “the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
240	EXO	9	7	puk5		Pharaoh investigated	Pharaoh collected facts about the situation.
241	EXO	9	7	md84		behold	The word “behold” here shows that Pharaoh was surprised by what he saw.
242	EXO	9	7	j51j	figs-synecdoche	his heart was stubborn	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: “he refused to change his mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
243	EXO	9	8	brm6		kiln	a furnace
244	EXO	9	9	d2v3		fine	very small
245	EXO	9	9	eyc7		to break out on	“to quickly appear on”
246	EXO	9	12	p5m5	figs-synecdoche	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
247	EXO	9	14	n6wq	figs-rpronouns	on you yourself	This means that even Pharaoh will be hurt by the plagues. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
248	EXO	9	14	hje3		I will do this so that you may know	The word “this” refers to the plagues that Moses had just told Pharaoh about.
249	EXO	9	15	a3l8	figs-metonymy	reached out with my hand and attacked you	Here “my hand” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “used my power to strike you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
250	EXO	9	16	nec7	figs-metonymy	so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earth	Here “my name” represents Yahweh’s reputation. Alternate translation: “so that people everywhere will know I am great” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
251	EXO	9	17	h3ed	figs-metaphor	lifting yourself up against my people	Pharaoh’s opposition to letting Israel go to worship Yahweh is spoken of as if he was raising himself up as a barrier to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
252	EXO	9	18	fnd2		Listen!	“Pay attention to the important thing I am about to tell you”
253	EXO	9	27	fu9c		to summon	“to call”
254	EXO	9	29	ajz3		Moses said to him	“Moses said to Pharaoh”
255	EXO	9	29	b787	translate-symaction	spread my hands out to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. Alternate translation: “lift up my hands and pray to Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
256	EXO	9	30	tn94		honor Yahweh God	Honoring God involves obeying him and living in a way that shows how great he is.
257	EXO	9	31	p1v8		flax	This is a plant that produces fibers that can be made into linen cloth.
258	EXO	9	31	yu66		barley	This is a type of grain used for making bread; also used for cattle feed.
259	EXO	9	32	jmq3		spelt	This is a kind of wheat.
260	EXO	9	33	fa2j	translate-symaction	spread out his hands to Yahweh	This symbolic gesture accompanies prayer. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:29](../09/29.md). Alternate translation: “lifted up his hands toward Yahweh and prayed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
261	EXO	9	34	ke5k	figs-synecdoche	hardened his heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. Alternate translation: “became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
262	EXO	9	35	yxt8	figs-synecdoche	The heart of Pharaoh was hardened	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this in [Exodus 7:13](../07/13.md). Alternate translation: “Pharaoh became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
263	EXO	10	intro	s5g1			# Exodus 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people.<br>
264	EXO	10	1	w4pw	figs-metaphor	for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants	Yahweh speaks of making Pharaoh and his servants stubborn as if he were making their hearts hard. See how you translated “Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart” in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
265	EXO	10	2	zg4c		various signs	“many different signs”
266	EXO	10	4	ge67	figs-imperative	listen	This word adds emphasis to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
267	EXO	10	5	zu5r		hail	Hail is raindrops that freeze while falling from the clouds.
268	EXO	10	6	ir5l	figs-activepassive	nothing ever seen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing anyone has ever seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
269	EXO	10	7	uf8c		menace	A “menace” is someone who brings trouble or harm.
270	EXO	10	7	xn8j	figs-rquestion	How long will this man be a menace to us?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to show Pharaoh the extent of destruction in Egypt. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We cannot allow this man to continue to bring trouble to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
271	EXO	10	7	xdm5	figs-rquestion	Do you not yet realize that Egypt is destroyed?	Pharaoh’s servants ask this question to bring Pharaoh to recognize what he refuses to see. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should realize that Egypt is destroyed!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
272	EXO	10	7	c6pr	figs-activepassive	that Egypt is destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that these plagues have destroyed Egypt” or “that their God has destroyed Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
273	EXO	10	10	hjc9	figs-hypo	if I ever let you go and your little ones go	Pharaoh says this to emphasize that he would not let Moses take the children with them to worship Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
274	EXO	10	11	pkm4	figs-activepassive	Then Moses and Aaron were driven out from Pharaoh’s presence	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then Pharaoh drove Moses and Aaron out from his presence” or “Then Pharaoh had his servants drive Moses and Aaron out from his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
275	EXO	10	15	b3h5	figs-activepassive	so that it was darkened	There were so many locusts that the land appeared to be dark. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they darkened the land” or “so that the land appeared dark” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
276	EXO	10	17	kd6d		this time	“once again”
277	EXO	10	17	nn2b	figs-metonymy	take this death away from me	The word “death” here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
278	EXO	10	19	mdp5		picked up the locusts	“moved the locusts upwards”
279	EXO	10	20	dw1d	figs-synecdoche	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
280	EXO	10	21	m38s	figs-metaphor	darkness that may be felt	Yahweh speaks of extreme darkness as if it is so thick that people can grasp it in their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “dense darkness that people can grasp with their hands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
281	EXO	10	26	v9uc	figs-synecdoche	not a hoof of them may be left behind	Here the word “hoof” refers to the entire animal. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we cannot leave behind a single animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
282	EXO	10	27	n588	figs-synecdoche	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
283	EXO	10	27	mv8t		he would not let them go	“Pharaoh would not let them go”
284	EXO	10	28	lcz2		Be careful about one thing	“Make sure of one thing” or “Be certain of one thing”
285	EXO	10	28	te45	figs-synecdoche	you see my face	Here the word “face” refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “you see me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
286	EXO	10	29	h1jf	figs-idiom	You yourself have spoken	With these words, Moses emphasizes that Pharaoh has spoken the truth. Alternate translation: “What you have said is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
287	EXO	11	intro	pu3u			# Exodus 11 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>In the previous chapters, Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he demanded that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. In this chapter, the same wording is used to refer to Pharaoh “allowing” the Hebrew people to leave Egypt.<br>
288	EXO	11	1	i87h	figs-you	he will let you go from here	Each occurrence of the word “you” in this verse is plural and refers to Moses and the rest of the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
289	EXO	11	4	kpb5		midnight	This is the time of 12 am (at night) or 2400 hours.
290	EXO	11	5	hv8k		All the firstborn ... the firstborn of Pharaoh ... the firstborn of the slave girl ... the firstborn of the cattle	The “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring.
291	EXO	11	5	k42h		who sits on his throne	This phrase refers to Pharaoh.
292	EXO	11	5	hr1x		who is behind the handmill grinding it	“who is grinding at the handmill” or “who is behind the handmill grinding grain”
293	EXO	11	8	ria5	figs-explicit	After that I will go out	This means that Moses and the people of Israel will leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “After that I will leave here” or “After that I will go out from Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
294	EXO	11	10	um4u	figs-synecdoche	Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
295	EXO	12	intro	fd2f			# Exodus 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The events of this chapter are known as the Passover. They are remembered in the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Unleavened bread<br>The concept of unleavened bread is introduced in this chapter. Its significance stems from its connection to the events in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/unleavenedbread]])<br><br>### Ethnic segregation<br>The Hebrew people were to be separate from the rest of the world. Because of this, they separated themselves from other people groups. At this time, these foreigners were looked upon as unholy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
296	EXO	12	2	z785	figs-parallelism	For you, this month will be the start of months, the first month of the year to you	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the month in which the events of this chapter take place will be the beginning of their calendar year. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
297	EXO	12	2	uy4w	translate-hebrewmonths	the first month of the year	The first month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. It marks when Yahweh rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
298	EXO	12	4	xzn3	figs-explicit	If the household is too small for a lamb	This means that there are not enough people in the family to eat an entire lamb. Alternate translation: “If there are not enough people in the household to eat an entire lamb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
299	EXO	12	4	fu2g		the man and his next door neighbor	Here “the man” refers to the man who is the leader of the household.
300	EXO	12	6	lz76		twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light.
301	EXO	12	7	cjt7		on the two side doorposts and on the tops of the doorframes of the houses	“on the sides and top of the way into the house”
302	EXO	12	8	jtn8	figs-activepassive	Eat it with bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Eat it with bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
303	EXO	12	8	uxn6		bitter herbs	These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.
304	EXO	12	9	ny3a		Do not eat it raw	“Do not eat the lamb or goat uncooked”
305	EXO	12	10	ghk6	figs-activepassive	You must not let any of it be left over until morning	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not leave any of it until the morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
306	EXO	12	11	ks7d		belt	This refers to a strip of leather or fabric for tying around the waist.
307	EXO	12	11	nzw2		eat it hurriedly	“eat it quickly”
308	EXO	12	11	r789	figs-explicit	It is Yahweh’s Passover	Here the word “it” refers to eating the animal on the tenth day of the month. Alternate translation: “This observance is Yahweh’s Passover” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
309	EXO	12	12	sa5n	figs-abstractnouns	I will bring punishment on all the gods of Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “I will punish all the gods of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
310	EXO	12	13	bxm9	figs-explicit	for my coming to you	This implies that Yahweh will see the blood which indicates an Israelite home. Alternate translation: “that I will see when I come to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
311	EXO	12	13	zt5d	figs-idiom	I will pass over you	The words “pass over” were a customary way of saying to not visit or enter. Alternate translation: “I will not enter your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
312	EXO	12	15	i9n3	figs-metaphor	that person must be cut off from Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or 2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or 3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
313	EXO	12	16	bzj6	figs-activepassive	an assembly that is set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “an assembly that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
314	EXO	12	16	l7pj	figs-activepassive	No work will be done on these days	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will do no work on these days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
315	EXO	12	16	qr65	figs-activepassive	That must be the only work that may be done by you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “That must be the only work that you do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
316	EXO	12	17	r3qj		armed group by armed group	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. Alternate translation: “division by division” or “regiment by regiment”
317	EXO	12	18	x8m9		twilight	This refers to the time of evening after the sun has set but while there is still some light. See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:6](../12/06.md).
318	EXO	12	18	m475	translate-hebrewmonths	the fourteenth day in the first month	This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fourteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
319	EXO	12	18	uss3	translate-hebrewmonths	the twenty-first day of the month	“the twenty-first day of the first month.” This is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
320	EXO	12	19	aej1	figs-activepassive	no yeast must be found in your houses	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there must not be any yeast in your houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
321	EXO	12	19	vy72	figs-metaphor	must be cut off from the community of Israel	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) “the people of Israel must send him away” or 2) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or 3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated “must be cut off from Israel” in [Exodus 12:15](../12/15.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
322	EXO	12	20	t17e	figs-activepassive	bread made without yeast	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:8](../12/08.md). Alternate translation: “bread which you have made without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
323	EXO	12	21	y9qt		summoned	officially called
324	EXO	12	22	qwv1		hyssop	a woody plant with small leaves that can be used for sprinkling liquids
325	EXO	12	22	c1cf		the top of the doorframe and the two doorposts	“on the sides and top of the way into the house.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:7](../12/07.md).
326	EXO	12	23	uu61	figs-synecdoche	pass over your door	Here the word “door” implies the entire house. This means that God will spare the Israelites in houses with blood on the doors. Alternate translation: “pass over your house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
327	EXO	12	24	v7z5		this event	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
328	EXO	12	25	l8ls		this act of worship	These words refer to the Passover or Festival of Unleavened Bread. Observing the Passover was an act of worshiping Yahweh.
329	EXO	12	27	t779	figs-explicit	He set our households free	This means that Yahweh spared the Israelites’ firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “He did not kill the firstborn sons in our houses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
330	EXO	12	28	r5cj		as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
331	EXO	12	29	zm1l		at midnight	“in the middle of the night”
332	EXO	12	29	uj6u		all the firstborn in the land of Egypt ... all the firstborn of cattle	Here, “firstborn” always refers to the oldest male offspring. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 11:5](../11/05.md).
333	EXO	12	29	il1d		who sat on his throne	This refers to Pharaoh.
334	EXO	12	29	g9z1		the firstborn of the person in prison	“to the firstborn of people in prison.” This refers to prisoners, in general, and not to a specific person in prison.
335	EXO	12	30	cfj8	figs-abstractnouns	There was loud lamenting in Egypt	This can be stated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “All the Egyptians cried loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
336	EXO	12	30	gt4w	figs-doublenegatives	for there was not a house where there was not someone dead	This double negative emphasizes the positive. Alternate translation: “because someone was dead in every house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
337	EXO	12	33	j5u4	figs-explicit	We will all die	The Egyptians were afraid that they would die if the Israelites did not leave Egypt. Alternate translation: “We will all die if you do not leave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
338	EXO	12	34	diw8	figs-activepassive	Their kneading bowls were already tied up in their clothes and on their shoulders	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They had already tied up their kneading bowls in their clothes and on their shoulders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
339	EXO	12	37	n1ha		Rameses	Rameses was a major Egyptian city where grain was stored. See how you translated this in [Exodus 1:11](../01/11.md).
340	EXO	12	37	u81l	translate-numbers	They numbered about 600,000 men	“They numbered about six hundred thousand men.” The total number of men was about 600,000. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
341	EXO	12	39	x96c		bread without yeast in the dough	“bread with dough that did not contain yeast”
342	EXO	12	39	pva6	figs-activepassive	they had been driven out of Egypt	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Egyptians had driven them out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
343	EXO	12	40	qsi5	translate-numbers	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
344	EXO	12	41	d8yh	translate-numbers	430 years	“four hundred and thirty years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
345	EXO	12	41	xlf4		Yahweh’s armed groups	This refers to the tribes of Israel. See how you translated “armed group” in [Exodus 12:17](../12/17.md).
346	EXO	12	42	f3m6	figs-activepassive	to be observed by all the Israelites	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that all the Israelites were to observe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
347	EXO	12	42	w6mj		all the Israelites throughout their people’s generations	“all the Israelites and the all the generations of their descendants”
348	EXO	12	43	pby5		No foreigner may share in eating it	The pronoun “it” refers to the Passover meal.
349	EXO	12	44	n9wn		every Israelite’s slave	“any slave of an Israelite”
350	EXO	12	44	xat2	figs-activepassive	bought with money	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Israelite has bought with money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
351	EXO	12	46	j242	figs-activepassive	The food must be eaten in one house	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Each Israelite family must eat the food in one house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
352	EXO	12	46	ycd9		you must not break any bone of it	“you must not break any of its bones.” Here the word “it” refers to the lamb which the Israelite family will eat.
353	EXO	12	48	h7k9	figs-activepassive	all his male relatives must be circumcised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must circumcise all his male relatives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
354	EXO	12	48	hi4z	figs-idiom	the people who were born in the land	Here the word “land” refers to Canaan. The expression “born in the land” means a person who is a native Israelite. Alternate translation: “those who are Israelites by birth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
355	EXO	12	48	f9ti	figs-doublenegatives	no uncircumcised person may eat	This can be stated in positive terms. Alternate translation: “only circumcised people may eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
356	EXO	12	50	agw6		as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron	“everything that Yahweh told Moses and Aaron to do”
357	EXO	12	51	e3z3		It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
358	EXO	12	51	tyj3		by their armed groups	The term used for these groups is a military term referring to a large number of soldiers. See how you translated “armed group” in [Exodus 12:17](../12/17.md). Alternate translation: “by their divisions” or “by their regiments”
359	EXO	13	intro	g9qi			# Exodus 13 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter records the instructions for the celebration of Passover. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/passover]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Law<br>The law mentioned here is not the law of Moses because it has not yet been revealed. Instead, it is a more generic “rule.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Let my people go<br><br>This is a very important statement. Moses does not ask Pharaoh for permission to “let go” of the Hebrew people. Instead, he is demanding that Pharaoh free the Hebrew people. When this chapter states that Pharaoh let the people go, it indicates that he gave them permission to leave.<br>
360	EXO	13	2	de3u		Set apart to me ... every firstborn male	God requires that every firstborn male child be set apart for him.
361	EXO	13	3	nwq6	figs-idiom	Call this day to mind	The words “Call ... to mind” were a customary way of telling someone to remember something. Alternate translation: “Remember and celebrate this day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
362	EXO	13	3	en1s	figs-metaphor	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
363	EXO	13	3	yjy5	figs-metonymy	Yahweh’s strong hand	Here the word “hand” refers to power. See how you translated “strong hand” in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
364	EXO	13	3	c6ee	figs-activepassive	No bread with yeast may be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not eat bread with yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
365	EXO	13	4	y1f3	translate-hebrewmonths	the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
366	EXO	13	5	x89s		you must observe this act of worship	When the Israelites live in Canaan, they must celebrate the Passover on this day each year. See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 12:25](../12/25.md).
367	EXO	13	6	tf79		General Information:	Moses continues to speak to the people of Israel.
368	EXO	13	6	vwy9	translate-numbers	For seven days	“For 7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
369	EXO	13	7	n41m	figs-activepassive	Bread without yeast must be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must eat bread without yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
370	EXO	13	7	le33	figs-activepassive	no bread with yeast may be seen among you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any bread with yeast among you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
371	EXO	13	7	c9kr	figs-activepassive	No yeast may be seen with you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You may not have any yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
372	EXO	13	7	dmv1		within any of your borders	“inside any of the borders of your land”
373	EXO	13	8	qum9	figs-quotations	On that day you are to say to your children, ‘This is because of what Yahweh did for me when I came out of Egypt.’	The quotation can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “On that day you are to tell your children that this is because of what Yahweh did for you when you came out of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
374	EXO	13	9	p21h	figs-parallelism	This will be a reminder for you on your hand, and a reminder on your forehead	These are two different types of physical reminders so people will not forget something important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
375	EXO	13	9	s7zg	figs-metaphor	a reminder for you on your hand	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their hands to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your hand as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
376	EXO	13	9	mru4	figs-metaphor	a reminder on your forehead	Moses speaks of celebrating the festival as if it were tying an object around their foreheads to remind them of what Yahweh had done. Alternate translation: “like something you tie around your head as a reminder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
377	EXO	13	9	b6ny	figs-metonymy	so the law of Yahweh may be in your mouth	The words “in your mouth” here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate translation: “so you may always be speaking of the law of Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
378	EXO	13	9	w5rm	figs-metonymy	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
379	EXO	13	11	iqh5		when he gives the land to you	“when he gives the land of the Canaanites to you”
380	EXO	13	13	lwv5		Every firstborn of a donkey	Israel is given a choice to kill the firstborn donkey or buy it back with a lamb.
381	EXO	13	14	s8cm	figs-quotations	When your son asks you later, ‘What does this mean?’ then you are to tell him	The first quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “When your son asks you later what this means, then you are to tell him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
382	EXO	13	14	qr7q	figs-metonymy	strong hand	The word “hand” here represents God’s actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate translation: “the power I show in my works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
383	EXO	13	14	rcz7	figs-metaphor	the house of slavery	Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](../13/03.md). Alternate translation: “the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
384	EXO	13	16	bse4	figs-parallelism	become a reminder on your hands, and a reminder on your forehead	This expresses two ways to remember the importance of the passover event. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 13:9](./09.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
385	EXO	13	17	c3c2		was nearby	“was close to where they were located”
386	EXO	13	17	mzi7		the people will change their minds ... and ... return to Egypt	Since Israelites had lived in slavery all their lives, they were more accustomed to peace than to war and would rather return to slavery than fight.
387	EXO	13	20	xq5d	translate-names	camped at Etham	Etham is located south of the route heading towards the Philistines, at the border of the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
388	EXO	13	21	jnv8		pillar of cloud ... pillar of fire	“a cloud in the shape of a column ... fire in the shape of a column.” God is with them in a cloud by day and in a fire by night.
389	EXO	14	intro	jq4u			# Exodus 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This is an important event in the history of Israel, known as the “parting of the Sea of Reeds.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Pharaoh’s hard heart<br><br>Pharaoh’s heart is often described as hard in this chapter. This means that his heart was not open or willing to understand Yahweh’s instructions. When his heart was hardened, it became less and less receptive to Yahweh.<br><br>### Pharaoh’s chariots<br>These chariots were a fighting force. Pharaoh took an army to kill the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>The Israelites asked a few rhetorical questions of Moses. These questions were not really directed at Moses, but at Yahweh. This showed their lack of faith in Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br>
390	EXO	14	2	mb4e	translate-names	Pi Hahiroth ... Migdol ... Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
391	EXO	14	2	c9r8	figs-you	You are to camp	Here the word “You” is plural and refers to Moses and the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
392	EXO	14	3	c81b	figs-quotations	Pharaoh will say about the Israelites, ‘They are wandering in the land. The wilderness has closed in on them.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh will say the Israelites are wandering in the land and the wilderness has closed in on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
393	EXO	14	3	tz6j	figs-personification	The wilderness has closed in on them	Pharaoh speaks of the wilderness as a person who has trapped the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
394	EXO	14	4	mm7j		General Information:	Yahweh continues to instruct Moses on where to go and what Yahweh will do.
395	EXO	14	4	dv62	figs-synecdoche	I will harden Pharaoh’s heart	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
396	EXO	14	4	tw2m		he will pursue them	“Pharaoh will pursue the Israelites”
397	EXO	14	4	d5x1		I will get honor	“People will honor me”
398	EXO	14	4	ejn5		The Egyptians will know that I am Yahweh	“The Egyptians will understand that I am Yahweh, the one true God”
399	EXO	14	4	dms1	figs-activepassive	So the Israelites camped as they were instructed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the Israelites camped as Yahweh had instructed them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
400	EXO	14	5	t4cn	figs-activepassive	When the king of Egypt was told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone told the king of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
401	EXO	14	5	nh6d		the king of Egypt	This refers to Pharaoh.
402	EXO	14	5	it5s		had fled	“had run away”
403	EXO	14	5	k67b	figs-metonymy	the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people	Here the word “minds” refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternate translation: “Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitudes about the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
404	EXO	14	5	v236	figs-rquestion	What have we done? We have released Israel from serving us.	They asked this question to show they thought they had done a foolish thing. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “We have done a stupid thing by letting Israel go free from working for us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
405	EXO	14	7	ry11	translate-numbers	He took six hundred chosen chariots	“He took 600 of his best chariots” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
406	EXO	14	8	a1r1	figs-synecdoche	Yahweh hardened the heart of Pharaoh	Here “heart” refers to the Pharaoh. His stubborn attitude is spoken of as if his heart was hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused Pharaoh to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
407	EXO	14	9	sb7x	translate-names	Pi Hahiroth ... Baal Zephon	These are towns on Egypt’s eastern border. See how you translated them in [Exodus 14:2](../14/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
408	EXO	14	10	s1xa	figs-synecdoche	When Pharaoh came close	The word “Pharaoh” here represents the entire Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “When Pharaoh and his army came close” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
409	EXO	14	10	qcy1		they were terrified	“the Israelites were terrified”
410	EXO	14	11	vzw5	figs-rquestion	Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?	The Israelites ask this question to express their frustration and fear of dying. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “There were plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
411	EXO	14	11	x4n2	figs-rquestion	Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to rebuke Moses for bringing them to the desert to die. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have treated us like this by bringing us out of Egypt!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
412	EXO	14	12	itb2	figs-rquestion	Is this not what we told you in Egypt?	The Israelites ask this question to emphasize that this is what they had told Moses. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is exactly what we told you while we were in Egypt.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
413	EXO	14	12	ix25	figs-quotations	We said to you, ‘Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “We told you to leave us alone, so we could work for the Egyptians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
414	EXO	14	13	lat4		Moses said to the people	Moses responds to the Israelites’ fears.
415	EXO	14	13	rrd4	figs-you	provide for you	The pronoun “you” refers to the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
416	EXO	14	13	h5n4	figs-euphemism	For you will never see again the Egyptians	Moses used a polite way of saying God was going to destroy the Egyptian army. Alternate translation: “For God will kill the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
417	EXO	14	15	a727	figs-rquestion	Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me?	Moses apparently had been praying to God for help so God uses this question to compel Moses to act. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not call out to me any longer, Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
418	EXO	14	16	t3e4		divide it in two	“divide the sea into two parts”
419	EXO	14	17	z5ub		Be aware	“Know”
420	EXO	14	17	qd3l	figs-synecdoche	I will harden the Egyptians’ hearts	Here “hearts” refers to the Egyptians themselves. Their stubborn attitude is spoken of as if their hearts were hard. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 9:12](../09/12.md). Alternate translation: “I will cause the Egyptians to became more defiant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
421	EXO	14	17	asz9		so they will go after them	“so that the Egyptians will go into the sea after the Israelites”
422	EXO	14	20	wgr4		the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel	“the Egyptian army and the Israelite people”
423	EXO	14	20	c4u5		so one side did not come near the other	This means that the Egyptians and the Israelites could not approach one another.
424	EXO	14	21	dfx5		east wind	An east wind originates in the east and blows towards the west.
425	EXO	14	21	hqx7		east	where the sun rises
426	EXO	14	21	f9zh	figs-activepassive	the waters were divided	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh divided the waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
427	EXO	14	22	fky6		on their right hand and on their left	“on each side of them” or “on both sides of them”
428	EXO	14	24	iz9t		He caused panic among the Egyptians	Panic is when someone becomes so afraid that they cannot think normally.
429	EXO	14	25	qdp8	figs-activepassive	Their chariot wheels were clogged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Mud clogged their chariot wheels” or “Their chariot wheels were getting stuck in the mud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
430	EXO	14	26	p5ds		Yahweh said to Moses, “Reach out with your hand ... and their horsemen.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Moses to reach out with his hand over the sea so that the waters would come back onto the Egyptians, their chariots, and their horsemen.”
431	EXO	14	26	w59j		come back onto	“fall on”
432	EXO	14	27	wn3q		The Egyptians fled into the sea	Since the sea was closing in on top of the Egyptians, instead of escaping, they were actually running right into the water.
433	EXO	14	27	h64r		Yahweh drove the Egyptians	“Yahweh pushed the Egyptians” or “Yahweh threw the Egyptians”
434	EXO	14	30	e2lf	figs-metonymy	out of the hand of the Egyptians	Here the word “hand” refers to power. Alternate translation: “from the Egyptians’ power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
435	EXO	14	30	p5zw		on the seashore	“on the land along the edge of the sea”
436	EXO	15	intro	ni4b			# Exodus 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetic songs in 15:1-18 and 15:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh’s laws<br>In this chapter, Moses talks about Yahweh’s laws. The law of Moses is about to be introduced. Although it has not yet been formally introduced, this is what is being referenced in this chapter in anticipation of the revelation of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/reveal]])<br>
437	EXO	15	1	f5zr		General Information:	This is a song about the events that happened in [Exodus 14:26-28](../14/26.md).
438	EXO	15	1	kw29	figs-explicit	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
439	EXO	15	1	f6ue	figs-metaphor	the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea	Moses sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over the horse and rider” or “he has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
440	EXO	15	1	cr5u	figs-genericnoun	the horse and its rider	This refers to all or many of the Egyptian horses and riders that were chasing the Israelites. Alternate translation: “the horses and their riders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
441	EXO	15	1	ex3p		rider	This is a person who sits on a horse or travels in a chariot that a horse is pulling.
442	EXO	15	2	pb23	figs-metonymy	Yahweh is my strength	Possible meanings are 1) “Yahweh is the one who gives me strength” or 2) “Yahweh is the strong one who protects me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
443	EXO	15	2	vk6l	figs-metonymy	song	Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate translation: “the one I sing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
444	EXO	15	2	kbv7	figs-metonymy	he has become my salvation	Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate translation: “he has saved me” or “he is the one who saves me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
445	EXO	15	3	p1d5	figs-metaphor	Yahweh is a warrior	Moses calls God a warrior because God powerfully fought against the Egyptians and won. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is like a warrior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
446	EXO	15	4	p8w6	figs-metaphor	He has thrown Pharaoh’s chariots and army into the sea	Moses sings about God causing the sea to cover Pharaohs chariots and army as if God had thrown them into the sea. Alternate translation: “he has made the sea cover over Pharaoh’s chariots and army” or “He has made Pharaoh’s chariot riders and army drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
447	EXO	15	5	nqe4	figs-simile	they went down into the depths like a stone	Just as a stone does not float but sinks to the bottom of the sea, the enemy soldiers sank to the bottom of the sea. Alternate translation: “they went down into the deep water like a stone sinking to the bottom of the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
448	EXO	15	6	x1fz	figs-metonymy	Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power is glorious” or “Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
449	EXO	15	6	p1u6	figs-metonymy	your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy” or “Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
450	EXO	15	6	rmd4	figs-metaphor	has shattered the enemy	Moses speaks of the enemy as if it were fragile and could be shattered like glass or pottery. Alternate translation: “has completely destroyed the enemy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
451	EXO	15	7	nd3t	figs-metaphor	those who rose up against you	Rebelling against God is spoken of as rising up against him. Alternate translation: “those who rebelled against you” or “your enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
452	EXO	15	7	glq7	figs-personification	You sent out your wrath	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were a servant that God sent out to do something. Alternate translation: “You showed your wrath” or “You acted according to your wrath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
453	EXO	15	7	a5x7	figs-metaphor	it consumed them like stubble	Moses speaks of God’s wrath as if it were fire that could completely burn up things. His enemies were completely destroyed like stubble in a fire. Alternate translation: “it completely destroyed your enemies like a fire that burns up straw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
454	EXO	15	8	ic8v	figs-personification	By the blast of your nostrils	Moses speaks of God as if God had a nose, and he speaks of the wind as if God blew the wind from his nose. Alternate translation: “You blew on the sea and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
455	EXO	15	9	d8nk	figs-activepassive	my desire will be satisfied on them	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: “I will satisfy my desire on them” or “I will take all I want from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
456	EXO	15	9	sm77	figs-metonymy	my hand will destroy them	The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate translation: “I will destroy them with my hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
457	EXO	15	10	yrj5	figs-metaphor	But you blew with your wind	Moses spoke about God making the wind blow as if God blew the wind through his nose or mouth. Alternate translation: “But you made the wind blow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
458	EXO	15	10	f7d3	figs-simile	sank like lead in the mighty waters	Lead is a heavy metal that is commonly used to make things sink in water. The word “lead” here is used to show how fast God’s enemies were destroyed. Alternate translation: “sank as fast as lead in the deep turbulent waters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
459	EXO	15	11	wq2s	figs-rquestion	Who is like you, Yahweh, among the gods?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: “O Yahweh, no one is like you among the gods!” or “Yahweh, none of the gods is like you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
460	EXO	15	11	pp57	figs-rquestion	Who is like you, ... doing miracles?	Moses uses this question to show how great God is. Alternate translation: No one is like you. No one is majestic in holiness as you are, no one is honored in praises as you are, and no one does miracles as you do!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
461	EXO	15	12	cid8	figs-metonymy	with your right hand	The phrase “right hand” represents the strong power of God. Alternate translation: “with your strong power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
462	EXO	15	12	bkg2	figs-metaphor	You reached out with your right hand	Moses speaks about God causing something to happen as if God reached out with his hand. Alternate translation: “With your strong power you made it happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
463	EXO	15	12	g7bv	figs-personification	the earth swallowed them	Moses personifies the earth as if it could swallow or devour with it’s mouth. Alternate translation: “the earth devoured them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
464	EXO	15	14	zi1m		tremble	This means to shake because you are afraid.
465	EXO	15	14	uqf7	figs-personification	terror will seize the inhabitants of Philistia	Moses speaks of terror as if it were a person that could forcefully grab hold of someone and make them extremely afraid. Alternate translation: “the inhabitants of Philistia will be afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
466	EXO	15	15	ya48	figs-metaphor	will melt away	Moses speaks of people becoming weak from their fear as melting away. Alternate translation: “will be weak from fear” or “will be afraid and faint” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
467	EXO	15	16	m1kt		Connecting Statement:	Moses continues to sing about how the people of other nations will feel when they see God’s people.
468	EXO	15	16	nk67	figs-doublet	Terror and dread will fall on them	These two words mean that fear will come upon them. Alternate translation: “Fear will come upon them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
469	EXO	15	16	fc8v		dread	Dread is extreme fear or anxiety about something that is going to happen or might happen.
470	EXO	15	16	t2yp	figs-metonymy	Because of your arm’s power	God’s arm represents his great strength. Alternate translation: “Because of your great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
471	EXO	15	16	umm7	figs-simile	they will become as still as a stone	Possible meanings are 1) “They will be silent like stone” or 2) “They will be motionless as stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
472	EXO	15	17	n5i5	figs-explicit	You will bring them	Where God would bring them can be stated clearly. Since Moses was not already in Canaan, some languages would use “take” rather than “bring.” Alternate translation: “You will take your people to Canaan” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]])
473	EXO	15	17	t6wg	figs-metaphor	plant them on the mountain	Moses speaks about God giving his people the land to live in as if they were a tree that God was planting. Alternate translation: “settle them on the mountain” or “let them live on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
474	EXO	15	17	p7kb		the mountain of your inheritance	This refers to Mount Zion in the land of Canaan.
475	EXO	15	17	ie26	figs-metaphor	of your inheritance	Moses speaks about God promising to give his people the mountain forever as if he were giving it to them as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “that you have given them as an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
476	EXO	15	17	ytz3	figs-metonymy	that your hands have built	The phrase “your hands” refers to God’s power. Alternate translation: “that you have built by your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
477	EXO	15	20	g7s6	translate-names	Miriam ... Aaron	Miriam was the older sister of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
478	EXO	15	20	gam2	translate-unknown	tambourine	This is a musical instrument like a small drum that also has pieces of metal around the side that make a sound when shaken. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
479	EXO	15	21	f6m3	figs-explicit	he has triumphed gloriously	It can be stated explicitly over whom Yahweh triumphed. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “he has achieved a glorious victory over the army of Egypt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
480	EXO	15	21	hvu1	figs-metaphor	The horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea	Miriam sang about God causing the sea to cover and drown the horse and rider as if God had thrown them into the sea. See how you translated this in [Exodus 15:1](../15/01.md). Alternate translation: “He has made the horse and rider drown in the sea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
481	EXO	15	22	iw9n	figs-metonymy	Moses led Israel	The word “Israel” represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses led the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
482	EXO	15	22	c7pe	translate-names	wilderness of Shur	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
483	EXO	15	23	a9pv	translate-names	Marah	We do not know the exact locations of this place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
484	EXO	15	24	n64m		complained to Moses and said	“were unhappy and told Moses” or “angrily told Moses”
485	EXO	15	26	l2hx	figs-123person	the voice of Yahweh your God	Yahweh is speaking about his own voice. His voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “my voice” or “what I say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
486	EXO	15	26	sq5x	figs-metaphor	do what is right in his eyes	The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “do what Yahweh considers to be right”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
487	EXO	15	26	m4cn	figs-metaphor	I will put on you none of the diseases	God speaks of causing people to have diseases as putting diseases on them. Alternate translation: “I will not cause any of you to have the diseases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
488	EXO	15	27	did8	translate-names	Elim	This is an oasis in the desert, a place with water and shade trees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
489	EXO	15	27	ark9	translate-numbers	twelve	“12” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
490	EXO	15	27	p64y	translate-numbers	seventy	“70” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
491	EXO	16	intro	nkd7			# Exodus 16 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Complaints<br>The Israelites complained about the amount of food Yahweh gave them, even when he miraculously provided their food for them. This is intended to show their ungratefulness and their sinful view of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Prohibition against storing food<br>The people were not allowed to store the food, called manna, they were provided with. This is because they were to trust in Yahweh to provide for their needs every day. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/trust]])<br><br>### Sabbath<br>This is the first recorded celebration of the Sabbath rest. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>### Ark of the covenant<br>Although the covenant has not yet been made, it is referenced in [Exodus 16:34](../../exo/16/34.md). This is probably done either in anticipation of the building of the ark or as an editorial comment made by Moses after these events. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br>
492	EXO	16	1	gw67	translate-names	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
493	EXO	16	1	h44x	translate-hebrewmonths	on the fifteenth day of the second month	This time coincides with the end of April and the beginning of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “on day 15 of the second month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
494	EXO	16	2	h938	figs-hyperbole	The whole community of Israelites complained	“All the Israelites complained.” This is a generalization. Moses and Aaron did not complain. Alternate translation: “The Israelites complained” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
495	EXO	16	2	nx6f		complained	“were angry and spoke”
496	EXO	16	3	nwy6		If only we had died	This is a way of saying that they wished that they had died. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had died”
497	EXO	16	3	g1n1	figs-metonymy	by Yahweh’s hand	The phrase “Yahweh’s hand” represents Yahweh’s action. Alternate translation: “by Yahweh’s action” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
498	EXO	16	4	kls5	figs-metaphor	I will rain down bread from heaven for you	God speaks of food coming down from heaven as if it were rain. Alternate translation: “I will make bread come down from heaven like rain” or “I will make bread fall to you from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
499	EXO	16	4	i1xw	figs-metaphor	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
500	EXO	16	4	se28	figs-metaphor	walk in my law	God speaks of obeying his law as walking in it. Alternate translation: “obey my law” or “live according to my law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
501	EXO	16	4	yew5		my law	“my command”
502	EXO	16	5	p1f6		It will come about on the sixth day, that they	“It will happen on the sixth day that they” or “On the sixth day they”
503	EXO	16	5	cl74	translate-numbers	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
504	EXO	16	5	t5il		twice	two times
505	EXO	16	7	zb21	figs-rquestion	Who are we for you to complain against us?	Moses and Aaron used this question to show the people that it was foolish to complain against them. Alternate translation: “We are not powerful enough for you to complain against us.” or “It is foolish to complain against us, because we cannot do what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
506	EXO	16	8	v8rq	figs-metaphor	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
507	EXO	16	8	pn4e	figs-rquestion	Who are Aaron and I?	Moses used this question to show the people that he and Aaron did not have the power to give them what they wanted. Alternate translation: “Aaron and I cannot give you what you want.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
508	EXO	16	8	vdr8	figs-explicit	Your complaints are not against us; they are against Yahweh	The people were complaining against Moses and Aaron, who were Yahweh’s servants. So by complaining against them, the people were really complaining against Yahweh. Alternate translation: Your complaints are not really against us; they are against Yahweh, because we are his servants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
509	EXO	16	10	q4ax		It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. The important event here is the people seeing Yahweh’s glory. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
510	EXO	16	10	b6rp		behold	The word “behold” here shows that the people saw something interesting.
511	EXO	16	12	g7xc	figs-metaphor	bread	God speaks of the food that he will send as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
512	EXO	16	13	aas8		It came about ... that	This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the events. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
513	EXO	16	13	eu1x	translate-unknown	quails	These are small, plump birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
514	EXO	16	14	k5lb	figs-simile	like frost	The original readers knew what frost is like, so this phrase would help them understand what the flakes were like. Frost is frozen dew that forms on the ground. It is very fine. Alternate translation: “that looked like frost” or “that was fine like frost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
515	EXO	16	15	n5e7	figs-metaphor	bread	Moses speaks of the food that God sent as if it were bread. The Israelites would eat this food every day, just as they had eaten bread every day before this. See how you translated it in [Exodus 16:4](../16/04.md). Alternate translation: “food” or “food like bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
516	EXO	16	16	v1c6		Connecting Statement:	Moses continues telling the people about the food that God was providing for them.
517	EXO	16	16	fqp9	translate-bvolume	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
518	EXO	16	22	nrx8		It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. Verses 16:22-30 tell about what the people did concerning the manna on the sixth and seventh days of the week. If your language has a way for marking this as a new part of the story, you could consider using it here.
519	EXO	16	22	xk6x	translate-numbers	on the sixth day	“on day 6” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
520	EXO	16	22	zj1u		twice	two times
521	EXO	16	22	f4j9		bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
522	EXO	16	23	wc4a		a solemn rest	“a day to rest quietly and think seriously”
523	EXO	16	24	y4d9		did not become foul	“did not smell rotten”
524	EXO	16	25	pr1p		today is a day reserved as a Sabbath to honor Yahweh	“today is a Sabbath and is to be used only for honoring Yahweh”
525	EXO	16	26	jv77	translate-numbers	but the seventh day	“but on day seven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
526	EXO	16	26	hq5i		manna	This was the name the Israelites gave to the bread that Yahweh caused to appear for them each morning.
527	EXO	16	27	qf14		they found none	“they did not find any manna”
528	EXO	16	28	q41d		General Information:	Yahweh speaks to Moses, but the word “you” refers to the people of Israel in general.
529	EXO	16	28	e1vx	figs-rquestion	How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?	God used this question to scold the people because they did not obey his laws. Alternate translation: “You people still do not keep my commandments and laws!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
530	EXO	16	28	vnq7		to keep my commandments and my laws	“to obey my commandments and my laws”
531	EXO	16	29	p22l	figs-metaphor	Yahweh has given you the Sabbath	Yahweh speaks about teaching people to rest on the Sabbath as if the Sabbath were a gift. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, have taught you to rest on the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
532	EXO	16	29	dt58	translate-numbers	sixth day ... two days ... seventh day	“day 6 ... 2 days ... day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
533	EXO	16	29	y8wf		bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
534	EXO	16	31	r1a5	translate-unknown	coriander seed	Coriander is also known as cilantro. People dry the seeds and grind them into a powder and put it in food to give it flavor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
535	EXO	16	31	vrl4		wafers	very thin biscuits or crackers
536	EXO	16	32	nxa9	translate-bvolume	omer	2 liters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
537	EXO	16	32	g93h		bread	This refers to the bread that appeared as thin flakes on the ground each morning.
538	EXO	16	33	rtw7	translate-bvolume	an omer	“two liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
539	EXO	16	36	g8ns	translate-bvolume	Now an omer is a tenth of an ephah	An omer and an ephah are both containers for measuring volume. The original readers would have known how much an ephah was. This sentence would help them know how much an omer was. For languages that do not use fractions, this can be reworded. Alternate translation: “Now ten omers equal one ephah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
540	EXO	17	intro	f12q			# Exodus 17 General Notes<br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br>Moses uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. The purpose of these questions is to convince people of their sin. Likewise, the people’s rhetorical question showed their ignorance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wilderness of Sin<br>Sin is the name of a part of the Sinai Wilderness. It is not the description of a place, and it has nothing to do with sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br>
541	EXO	17	1	h1li	translate-names	wilderness of Sin	The word “Sin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness. It is not the English word “sin.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 16:1](../16/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
542	EXO	17	1	j1fm	translate-names	Rephidim	This means “the resting place,” a place to rest on long journeys through the wilderness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
543	EXO	17	2	hr9b	figs-rquestion	Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test Yahweh?	Moses uses these questions to scold the people. Alternate translation: “You should not quarrel with me! You should not test Yahweh!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
544	EXO	17	3	cz24	figs-rquestion	To kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?	The people use this question to accuse Moses of wanting to kill them. Alternate translation: “You only brought us out here to kill us and our children and cattle by not letting us have any water to drink!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
545	EXO	17	7	x5an	translate-names	Massah	a place in the desert whose name means “testing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
546	EXO	17	7	hw7y	translate-names	Meribah	a place in the desert whose name means “complaining” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
547	EXO	17	8	rv14	translate-names	Rephidim	This was the name of a place in the desert. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
548	EXO	17	10	ca3g	figs-synecdoche	So Joshua fought Amalek	Joshua represents himself and the Israelites that he led into battle. Alternate translation: “So Joshua and the men he chose fought against the Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
549	EXO	17	10	wy51	translate-names	Hur	Hur was a friend of Moses and Aaron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
550	EXO	17	11	x5ex	figs-synecdoche	Israel was winning ... Amalek would begin to win	The words “Israel” and “Amalek” represent the fighters from those groups. Alternate translation: “the Israelite fighters were winning ... the Amalekite fighters would begin to win” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
551	EXO	17	12	hxt8	figs-metonymy	hands became heavy	The author writes of Moses’ arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate translation: “arms became tired” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
552	EXO	17	13	plp3	figs-metonymy	with the sword	The sword represents battle. Alternate translation: “in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
553	EXO	17	14	c5rl	figs-metaphor	I will completely blot out the memory of Amalek	God speaks of destroying Amalek as if he were removing people’s memory of Amalek. When a group of people is completely destroyed, there is nothing to remind people about them. Alternate translation: “I will completely destroy Amalek” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
554	EXO	17	14	jm77	figs-metonymy	Amalek	This refers to the Amalekites. Alternate translation: Amalekites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
555	EXO	17	16	bw78	figs-metonymy	a hand was lifted up	People would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the hand represents making a promise. Alternate translation: “a promise was made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
556	EXO	17	16	s86d	figs-activepassive	a hand was lifted up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh lifted up his hand” or “Yahweh made a solemn promise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
557	EXO	18	intro	t8g2			# Exodus 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Leadership lessons<br>Jethro taught Moses an important leadership lesson in this chapter. Many scholars look at this chapter for important leadership lessons. Moses delegated some of his responsibilities to other godly men so that he would not become worn out by all the demands made of him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]])<br>
558	EXO	18	1	nl86		Moses’ father-in-law	This refers to the father of the wife of Moses.
559	EXO	18	2	zw6h		took Zipporah, Moses’ wife	Possible meanings are 1) Jethro took Zipporah to Moses, or 2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah.
560	EXO	18	2	chy6	figs-explicit	after he had sent her home	This is something Moses had done earlier. The full meaning of the can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “after Moses had sent her home to her parents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
561	EXO	18	3	khs1		and her two sons	This is the ending of the sentence that begins with the words “Jethro ... took Zipporah” in verse 2. Possible meanings are 1) Jethro took Zipporah and her two sons to Moses, or 2) Jethro had earlier welcomed back Zipporah and her two sons.
562	EXO	18	3	k4mb	translate-names	Gershom	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “foreigner.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
563	EXO	18	4	xi35	translate-names	Eliezer	This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means “God is the one who helps me.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
564	EXO	18	4	z2km	figs-metonymy	Pharaoh’s sword	This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh’s army. Alternate translation: “being killed by Pharaoh” or “being killed by Pharaoh’s army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
565	EXO	18	5	kpq9	figs-activepassive	where he was camped	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “where he camped with the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
566	EXO	18	7	s5p2	translate-symaction	bowed down, and kissed him	These symbolic acts were the normal way that people showed great respect and devotion in that culture. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
567	EXO	18	8	rkq2	figs-metonymy	for Israel’s sake	The word “Israel” represents the Israelite people. Alternate translation: “in order to help the Israelite people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
568	EXO	18	8	a1ra	figs-metaphor	all the hardships that had come to them	Moses writes of hardships happening to them as if hardships had come to them. Alternate translation: “all the hardships that had happened to them” or “all the hardships they had experienced” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
569	EXO	18	9	wp1p	figs-metonymy	the hand of the Egyptians	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
570	EXO	18	10	nrv7	figs-metonymy	the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of Pharaoh	The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate translation: “the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh” or “what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
571	EXO	18	14	bax5	figs-rquestion	What is this that you are doing with the people?	Jethro uses this question to show Moses that what he was doing was not good. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be doing all of this for the people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
572	EXO	18	14	b5wj	figs-rquestion	Why is it that you sit alone ... from morning until evening?	Jethro used this question to show Moses that he was doing too much. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not sit alone ... from morning till evening!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
573	EXO	18	14	cfd1	figs-metonymy	you sit alone	The word “sit” here is a metonym for “judge.” Judges would sit while they listened to people’s complaints. Alternate translation: “you judge alone” or “you are the only one who judges the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
574	EXO	18	18	jtd2		You will surely wear yourselves out	“you will surely make yourselves very tired”
575	EXO	18	18	h91b	figs-metaphor	This burden is too heavy for you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that Moses is doing as if it were a physical burden that Moses was carrying. Alternate translation: “This work is too much for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
576	EXO	18	19	pug7		you advice	“you guidance” or “you instruction”
577	EXO	18	19	v8i9	figs-metaphor	God will be with you	Jethro speaks of God helping Moses as if God would be with Moses. Alternate translation: “God will help you” or “God will give you wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
578	EXO	18	19	w4r8	figs-metaphor	you bring their disputes to him	Jethro speaks of Moses telling God about their disputes as if Moses were bringing their disputes to God. Alternate translation: “you tell God about their disputes” or “you tell God what they are arguing about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
579	EXO	18	20	w3vf	figs-metaphor	You must show them the way to walk	Jethro speaks of living or behaving like walking. Alternate translation: “You must show them how to live” or “You must show them how to behave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
580	EXO	18	21	p2rq		Connecting Statement:	Jethro continues speaking to Moses.
581	EXO	18	21	p5ap		Furthermore, you must choose	“In addition, you must choose” or “You must also choose”
582	EXO	18	21	n936	figs-metaphor	You must put them over people	Jethro speaks of giving them authority over people as putting them over people. Alternate translation: You must give them authority over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
583	EXO	18	21	d2hv	translate-numbers	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and of tens	Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or 2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
584	EXO	18	22	p4sr		routine cases	“the simple cases”
585	EXO	18	22	y5n2	figs-metaphor	the difficult cases they will bring to you	Jethro speaks of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they will tell you about” or “when there are difficult cases, they will tell you about them so you can judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
586	EXO	18	22	u42p	figs-metaphor	they will carry the burden with you	Jethro speaks of the hard work that they would do as if it were a burden that they would carry. Alternate translation: “they will do the hard work with you” or “they will help you do the hard work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
587	EXO	18	23	wyq4	figs-explicit	endure	What they will endure can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “endure the stress of the work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
588	EXO	18	25	n2ws	figs-metaphor	heads over the people	Moses writes of the leaders of people as if they were the head of a body. Alternate translation: “leaders of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
589	EXO	18	25	tb18	figs-explicit	capable men	What they were capable of doing can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “men who were able to lead” or “men who were able to judge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
590	EXO	18	25	iqn8	translate-numbers	leaders in charge of thousands, hundreds, fifties, and tens	Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of people in each group. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of groups of 1,000 people, groups of 100 people, groups of 50 people, and groups of 10 people” or 2) these numbers are not exact, but represent groups of people of various sizes. Alternate translation: “leaders in charge of very small groups, small groups, large groups, and very large groups” See how you translated this in [Exodus 18:21](../18/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
591	EXO	18	26	abx4		judged the people in normal circumstances	“judged the people most of the time” or “judged the people’s easy cases”
592	EXO	18	26	z7j4	figs-metaphor	The difficult cases they brought to Moses	The author writes of telling Moses about the difficult cases as bringing him the difficult cases. Alternate translation: “the difficult cases they told Moses about” or “when there were difficult cases, they told Moses about them so that he would judge them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
593	EXO	18	26	ve8h		the small cases	“the easy cases”
594	EXO	19	intro	ck7e			# Exodus 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “A kingdom of priests”<br>The function of the priests was to intercede for the people. The Levites were the only priests in Israel; this is a metaphor indicating that the nation was to intercede for the world as a whole. They were also to be holy, or set apart, from the rest of the world. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>### Revealing the Law<br>The events of this chapter are concerned with preparing the people to receive the law of Moses. The people go through all of this to prepare themselves for the law, which show the great importance of this event for Israel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br>
595	EXO	19	1	r5tj	translate-hebrewmonths	In the third month ... on the same day	This means they arrived at the wilderness on the first day of the month just as they left Egypt on the first day of the month. The first day of the third month on the Hebrew calendar is near the middle of May on Western calendars. Alternate translation: “In the third month ... on the first day of the month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
596	EXO	19	1	xw7p		had gone out from	“had left”
597	EXO	19	2	nk51	translate-names	Rephidim	This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:1](../17/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
598	EXO	19	3	s2qt	figs-metonymy	the house of Jacob	The word “house” here represents Jacob’s family and descendants. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Jacob” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
599	EXO	19	3	f4qw		the house of Jacob, the people of Israel	The phrase “the people of Israel” explains what “the house of Jacob” means.
600	EXO	19	4	z9i6	figs-you	You have seen	The word “you” here refers to the Israelites. Yahweh is telling Moses what to tell the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
601	EXO	19	4	b7ph	figs-metaphor	I carried you on eagles’ wings	God speaks of caring for his people while they traveled as if he were an eagle and carried them on his wings. Alternate translation: “I helped you travel like an eagle that carries her babies on her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
602	EXO	19	5	th35		obediently listen to my voice	Obediently can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “listen to my voice and obey me”
603	EXO	19	5	c767	figs-metonymy	my voice	God’s voice represents what he says. Alternate translation: “what I say” or “my words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
604	EXO	19	5	fh8e		keep my covenant	“do what my covenant requires you to do”
605	EXO	19	5	ifv6		special possession	“treasure”
606	EXO	19	6	gm9s	figs-metaphor	a kingdom of priests	God speaks of his people as if they were priests. Alternate translation: “a kingdom of people who are like priests” or “a kingdom of people who do what priests do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
607	EXO	19	7	c5tq	figs-metaphor	set before them all these words	The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words before them. AT “told them all these words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
608	EXO	19	7	zqk1		all these words that Yahweh had commanded him	“all that Yahweh had commanded him”
609	EXO	19	8	ljf5	figs-go	Moses came to report	Where Moses went can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “Moses went back up the mountain to report” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-go]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
610	EXO	19	8	rwx6	figs-metonymy	the people’s words	The word “words” refers to what the people said. Alternate translation: “what the people said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
611	EXO	19	10	ie7y		you must set them apart to me	This probably means “tell them to dedicate themselves to me” or “tell them to purify themselves for me.”
612	EXO	19	10	j891		their garments	“their clothes” or “what they are wearing”
613	EXO	19	11	d6tm	figs-you	Be ready	This was a command to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
614	EXO	19	12	lg7u		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
615	EXO	19	12	d48p		set boundaries	“make a boundary.” This was either a mark or some kind of barrier.
616	EXO	19	12	kis1	figs-activepassive	Whoever touches the mountain will surely be put to death	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “You must surely put to death any person who touches the mountain” or “You must surely kill anyone who touches the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
617	EXO	19	12	ibe7		Whoever touches	“Any person who touches” or “Anyone who touches”
618	EXO	19	13	l9ak		such a person	“a person who does that” or “a person who touches the mountain”
619	EXO	19	13	k35k	figs-activepassive	he must certainly be stoned or shot	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly stone or shoot him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
620	EXO	19	13	vw19		shot	This refers to being killed by someone who shoots arrows from a bow or stones from a slingshot.
621	EXO	19	13	ng41		a long blast	“a long, loud sound”
622	EXO	19	15	bw2p	figs-euphemism	do not go near your wives	This is a polite way of talking about sleeping with their wives. Alternate translation: “do not sleep with your wives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
623	EXO	19	16	fvt8		All the people ... trembled	“All the people ... shook with fear”
624	EXO	19	18	m1b5		Yahweh descended	“Yahweh came down”
625	EXO	19	18	a8p7		like the smoke of a furnace	This shows that it was a very large amount of smoke. Alternate translation: “like the smoke from a very large fire”
626	EXO	19	18	np1s	translate-unknown	furnace	an oven that can be made extremely hot (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
627	EXO	19	19	m8ae		grew louder and louder	“continued to become louder and louder”
628	EXO	19	19	f5e6	figs-metonymy	in a voice	The word “voice” here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are 1) “by speaking loudly like thunder” or 2) “by speaking” or 3) “by causing thunder to sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
629	EXO	19	20	v7mh		he summoned Moses	“he commanded Moses to come up”
630	EXO	19	21	d2qm	figs-metaphor	not to break through	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated “set bounds” in [Exodus 19:12](../19/12.md). Alternate translation: “not to go beyond the boundary” or “not to go through the barrier”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
631	EXO	19	24	w8lx		get down	“go down”
632	EXO	19	24	bk6p	figs-metaphor	break through the barrier	God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:21](../19/21.md). Alternate translation: “go beyond the boundary” or “go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
633	EXO	20	intro	x7vt			# Exodus 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br>
634	EXO	20	2	qg71		house of slavery	“place where you were slaves”
635	EXO	20	3	r9h3		You must have no other gods before me	“You must not worship any other gods but me”
636	EXO	20	4	rkn1		nor the likeness	“and you must not make the likeness”
637	EXO	20	5	ka3i		You must not bow down to them or worship them	The word “them” refers to carved figures or idols.
638	EXO	20	5	r6zh		jealous	God wants his people to worship only him.
639	EXO	20	5	w4cs		punish the ancestors’ wickedness by bringing punishment on the descendants	God will punish people for the sin of their parents.
640	EXO	20	5	s2ia	translate-ordinal	to the third and the fourth generation	“to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
641	EXO	20	6	u9nc	figs-abstractnouns	I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I faithfully love thousands of those who love me” or “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
642	EXO	20	6	yw38	figs-explicit	to thousands of those who love me	The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
643	EXO	20	7	t3k2		take the name of Yahweh your God	“use the name of Yahweh your God”
644	EXO	20	7	gcz2		in vain	“carelessly” or “without proper respect”
645	EXO	20	7	sl6g	figs-doublenegatives	I will not hold guiltless	This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” or “I will certainly punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
646	EXO	20	8	kwn7		set it apart	“set it apart for a special purpose”
647	EXO	20	9	sad1		do all your work	“do all your usual duties”
648	EXO	20	10	t1ky	figs-metonymy	within your gates	Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
649	EXO	20	11	vw1f	translate-ordinal	on the seventh day	“on day seven.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for “7.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
650	EXO	20	11	s8ds		blessed the Sabbath day	Possible meanings are that 1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or 2) God said that the Sabbath day was good.
651	EXO	20	14	wyv9		You must not commit adultery	“You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse”
652	EXO	20	16	zix8		must not give false testimony	“must not speak a false report” or “must not tell lies about someone”
653	EXO	20	17	vt9t		must not covet	“must not strongly want to have” or “must not want to take”
654	EXO	20	18	swq3		voice of the trumpet	“sound of the trumpet”
655	EXO	20	18	nm52		the mountain smoking	“smoke coming from the mountain”
656	EXO	20	18	lmt5		they trembled	“they shook with fear”
657	EXO	20	18	h53m		stood far off	“stood far away” or “stood at a distance”
658	EXO	20	20	slb8		so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin	“so that you will honor him and not sin”
659	EXO	20	21	lts1		Moses approached	“Moses went closer to”
660	EXO	20	22	tq2f		This is what you must tell the Israelites	“Tell the Israelites this”
661	EXO	20	22	r6jh		You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven	“You have heard me speak to you from heaven”
662	EXO	20	23	hi91		You will not make for yourselves other gods alongside me	“You must not make idols as other gods instead of me”
663	EXO	20	23	qm44		gods of silver or gods of gold	“gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
664	EXO	20	24	pf1i		earthen altar	an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay
665	EXO	20	24	ge89	figs-metonymy	cause my name to be honored	Here “name” is a metonym for God’s being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “choose for you to honor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
666	EXO	20	26	qm1b		You must not go up to my altar on steps	“Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps”
667	EXO	20	26	h2qd		your nakedness	“your private parts”
668	EXO	21	intro	dnd3			# Exodus 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant with Moses<br>Although the covenant Yahweh made with Moses began in the previous chapter, it formally begins with the statement, “Now these are the decrees that you must set before them.” The law of Moses was a major part of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Slavery<br>This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice.<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
669	EXO	21	1	b3g4		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
670	EXO	21	1	hhf7		you must set before them	“you must give them” or “you must tell them”
671	EXO	21	2	di5z		General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
672	EXO	21	3	ln3r	figs-explicit	If he came by himself, he must go free by himself	What “by himself” means can be stated clearly. Some languages require that the additional condition, that he marries while a slave, be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “If he became a slave while he had no wife, and if he marries while he is a slave, the master need only free the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
673	EXO	21	3	pfn3		by himself	“alone” or “without a wife”
674	EXO	21	3	e467		if he is married	“if he was married when he became a slave” or “if he came as a married man”
675	EXO	21	5	yj8x		plainly says	“clearly says”
676	EXO	21	5	jqh4		I will not go out free	“I do not want my master to set me free”
677	EXO	21	6	z8x1		bore his ear through	“put a hole in his ear”
678	EXO	21	6	xpd3		awl	a pointed tool used to make a hole
679	EXO	21	6	k6ev		for life	“until the end of his life” or “until he dies”
680	EXO	21	8	p8se		has designated	“has chosen”
681	EXO	21	8	t2zf	figs-activepassive	he must let her be bought back	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he must allow her father to buy her back” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
682	EXO	21	8	bi4y		has no right to sell	“has no authority to sell”
683	EXO	21	8	h7f7		he has treated her deceitfully	“he has deceived her”
684	EXO	21	9	w99z		designates her as a wife for his son	“decides that she is the one who will be his son’s wife”
685	EXO	21	10	rxk4	figs-doublenegatives	he must not diminish her food, clothing, or her marital rights	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he must give the first wife the same food, clothing, and marital rights she had before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
686	EXO	21	10	q2gt		must not diminish her food	“must not take away her food” or “must not give her less food”
687	EXO	21	10	np9b	figs-euphemism	or her marital rights	This includes things that a husband must do for his wife, including sleeping with her. Alternate translation: “and he must continue to sleep with her as before” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
688	EXO	21	12	gks4		strikes a man	“hits a man” or “attacks a man”
689	EXO	21	12	su6b	figs-activepassive	that person must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly execute that person” or “you must certainly kill that person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
690	EXO	21	13	h4ka		did not do it with premeditation	“did not plan to do it” or “did not do it on purpose”
691	EXO	21	13	gme9	figs-explicit	I will fix a place to where he can flee	The purpose of choosing a place can be stately clearly here. Alternate translation: “I will choose a place that he can run away to be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
692	EXO	21	14	st5h		according to a cunning plan	“after thinking carefully about it”
693	EXO	21	14	abx6		must take him	The word “him” refers to the one who killed his neighbor.
694	EXO	21	14	bcc6	figs-activepassive	so that he may die	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you can kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
695	EXO	21	15	y3hd	figs-activepassive	Whoever hits his father or mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone hits his father or mother, you must surely put him to death” or “You must surely kill anyone who hits his father or mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
696	EXO	21	15	qh2j		must surely	“must certainly”
697	EXO	21	16	iu81	figs-activepassive	that kidnapper must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill that kidnapper” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
698	EXO	21	17	h8qf	figs-activepassive	Whoever curses his father or his mother must surely be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill anyone who curses his father or his mother” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
699	EXO	21	18	hk3c	figs-activepassive	is confined to his bed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “cannot get out of bed” or “has to stay in bed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
700	EXO	21	19	c7rv		he recovers	“he gets better”
701	EXO	21	19	fa8t		staff	This is a stick that can be leaned on for support while walking.
702	EXO	21	19	xg6c	figs-explicit	the loss of his time	This refers to a situation when someone cannot work to earn money. You can express this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the time he could not work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
703	EXO	21	19	ws14		pay for his complete recovery	“pay his medical costs” or “pay for his costs for healing”
704	EXO	21	20	te41		as a result of the blow	“because of the injury” or “because his master hit him”
705	EXO	21	20	h4eg	figs-activepassive	that man must surely be punished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly punish that man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
706	EXO	21	21	r65u	figs-explicit	for he will have suffered the loss of the servant	You can express clearly in the translation that the servant was valuable to his master. Alternate translation: “because he has already lost his servant who was valuable to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
707	EXO	21	22	a6av		she miscarries	“her baby dies in her womb” or “her baby is born too soon and dies”
708	EXO	21	22	cn4h	figs-activepassive	the guilty man must surely be fined	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must certainly fine the guilty man” or “the guilty man must pay a fine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
709	EXO	21	22	v5ye		as the judges determine	“what the judges decide”
710	EXO	21	23	x2ek	figs-explicit	you must give a life for a life	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “he must give his life for her life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
711	EXO	21	24	c5bq	figs-explicit	an eye for an eye	This means that if she is hurt, the person who hurt her must be hurt in the same way. Alternate translation: “his eye for her eye” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
712	EXO	21	26	i8cg		If a man	Here “man” refers to the owner of a slave.
713	EXO	21	26	bmc1		in compensation	“as payment.” Compensation is what someone does for another person or gives to another person to make up for what he has caused that person to lose.
714	EXO	21	28	sp6w		an ox gores	“an ox injures with its horns”
715	EXO	21	28	qk3u	figs-activepassive	the ox must surely be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must stone the ox to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
716	EXO	21	28	q2gv	figs-activepassive	its flesh must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must not eat its flesh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
717	EXO	21	28	d4li	figs-activepassive	the ox’s owner must be acquitted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must acquit the ox’s owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
718	EXO	21	29	nzn1	figs-activepassive	its owner also must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must also kill its owner” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
719	EXO	21	30	t5rs	figs-explicit	If a payment is required for his life	If the ox’s owner can pay a fine to save his own life, then he must pay whatever the judges decide. The full meaning of this can be stated clearly. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if the owner of the bull can pay a fine to save his own life, he must pay the full amount that the judges say that he must pay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
720	EXO	21	31	kg25		has gored	“has injured with its horns”
721	EXO	21	32	qzv3	translate-bmoney	thirty shekels of silver	“330 grams of silver.” A shekel weighed eleven grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
722	EXO	21	32	wm9a	figs-activepassive	the ox must be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must kill the ox by stoning it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
723	EXO	21	33	fd4p		opens a pit	“uncovers a hole in the ground” or “takes a cover off a hole in the ground”
724	EXO	21	34	b48a	figs-explicit	repay the loss	The owner must be paid for the loss of his animal. Alternate translation: “pay the owner for the dead animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
725	EXO	21	34	j8qz	figs-explicit	will become his	The one who paid for the loss of the animal will become the owner of the dead animal and can do what he wants with it. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “will belong to the owner of the pit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
726	EXO	21	35	z9ug		divide its price	“divide the money” or “divide the money they receive”
727	EXO	21	36	fkx2	figs-activepassive	if it was known	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if people knew” or “if the owner knew” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
728	EXO	21	36	v64b		a habit of goring in time past	“had gored other animals before”
729	EXO	21	36	ix8h	figs-explicit	its owner has not kept it in	This means that the owner did not keep his ox securely inside a fence. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “its owner did not keep it inside a fence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
730	EXO	21	36	dcv2	figs-explicit	he must surely pay ox for ox	The owner of the ox that killed must give an ox to the man who lost his ox. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the owner of the ox that killed must surely give a living ox to the owner of the ox that died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
731	EXO	22	intro	f9vb			# Exodus 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. In this chapter, the purpose of these laws often focuses on minimizing the people’s desire for vengeance. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/avenge]])<br>
732	EXO	22	1	syx5		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
733	EXO	22	2	mt43	figs-activepassive	If a thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If anyone finds a thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
734	EXO	22	2	e98x		breaking in	“using force to come into a house”
735	EXO	22	2	gt5f	figs-activepassive	if he is struck so that he dies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if anyone strikes the thief so that he dies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
736	EXO	22	2	fq57		no guilt for murder will attach to anyone on his account	“no one will be guilty of murdering him”
737	EXO	22	3	vym5		if the sun has risen before he breaks in	“if it is light before he breaks in” or “if he breaks in and it is after sunrise”
738	EXO	22	3	nl2i		guilt for murder will attach to the person who kills him	“the person who kills him will be guilty of murder”
739	EXO	22	3	f4w4		make restitution	“pay for what he stole”
740	EXO	22	3	c5yl	figs-activepassive	he must be sold for his theft	This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “you must sell him as a slave in order to pay for what he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
741	EXO	22	4	k926	figs-activepassive	If the stolen animal is found alive in his possession	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If they find that he still has the live animal that he stole” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
742	EXO	22	4	g5kg		pay back double	pay two animals for every animal that he took
743	EXO	22	5	j24t		If a man grazes his livestock	“If a man lets his animals eat plants”
744	EXO	22	5	ty82		it grazes	“it eats plants”
745	EXO	22	5	jrb3		he must make restitution	“he must pay back the owner of that field”
746	EXO	22	6	x6aj		If a fire breaks out and spreads in thorns	“If someone starts a fire and it spreads in thorns”
747	EXO	22	6	i4ma		spreads in thorns	“moves along the ground through dry plants”
748	EXO	22	6	u1pa		stacked grain	This is grain that has been cut and tied in bundles. “bundled grain” or “harvested grain”
749	EXO	22	6	r2cf		standing grain	This is grain that has not been cut, but it is ready to be harvested.
750	EXO	22	6	w6ku		a field is consumed	“fire consumes a field” or “fire destroys a field”
751	EXO	22	6	j398		must surely make restitution	“must certainly pay for the grain that the fire destroyed”
752	EXO	22	7	jw3v		for safe keeping	“to watch over it” or “to keep it safe”
753	EXO	22	7	na9h	figs-activepassive	if it is stolen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone steals it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
754	EXO	22	7	z7zu		thief	someone who steals something
755	EXO	22	7	x2sh	figs-activepassive	if the thief is found	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if you find the thief” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
756	EXO	22	8	lwg5		come before the judges to see whether	“come before the judges so that they can find out if”
757	EXO	22	8	f774	figs-idiom	has put his own hand on his neighbor’s property	This is an idiom. If you have a way of saying this in your language, you can use it here. Alternate translation: “has stolen his neighbor’s property” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
758	EXO	22	9	p7ab		the claim of both parties must come before the judges	The judges must listen to both people who claim that the item belongs to them and the judges will decide who is guilty.
759	EXO	22	11	gl7t	figs-activepassive	an oath to Yahweh must be taken by them both	Only the man who is accused of stealing the animal must swear the oath. The owner of the lost animal must accept the oath that has been sworn. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man who was caring for the animal must swear an oath before Yahweh and the owner must accept that oath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
760	EXO	22	12	yw3w	figs-activepassive	But if it was stolen from him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if someone stole the animal from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
761	EXO	22	13	b313	figs-activepassive	If an animal was torn in pieces	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But if a wild beast tore the animal in pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
762	EXO	22	13	pc6i	figs-activepassive	He will not have to pay for what was torn	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will not have to pay for the animal that the wild beast destroyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
763	EXO	22	14	h8yw		must surely make restitution	“must certainly repay with another animal” or “must certainly pay the owner for the animal”
764	EXO	22	15	g3zw	figs-activepassive	if the animal was hired	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if someone rented the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
765	EXO	22	15	r792	figs-explicit	it will be paid for by its hiring fee	The one who borrowed the animal will not have to pay the owner anything more than the hiring or rental fee. This fee will pay for the loss of the animal. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “the money that someone paid to rent the animal will cover the loss of the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
766	EXO	22	15	f9w9		hiring fee	“rental fee” or “money paid to rent the animal”
767	EXO	22	16	a8s8		a man seduces a virgin who is not engaged	“a man persuades a virgin who is not engaged that she wants to sleep with him”
768	EXO	22	16	th2m		not engaged	“not promised to be married”
769	EXO	22	16	g24h	figs-euphemism	if he lies with her	Lying with someone is a euphemism for having sex. Alternate translation: “if he has sex with her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
770	EXO	22	16	x33y		bride wealth	“dowry” or “bride price”
771	EXO	22	17	y2xz		him, he	These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin.
772	EXO	22	19	y3qy	figs-euphemism	Whoever lies with an animal	This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “Whoever has sexual relations with an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
773	EXO	22	20	n4nh	figs-activepassive	Yahweh must be completely destroyed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh, you must completely destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
774	EXO	22	21	kr35		wrong a foreigner	“mistreat a foreigner” or “cheat a foreigner”
775	EXO	22	22	djh3	figs-doublenegatives	You must not mistreat any widow or fatherless child	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “You must treat all widows and fatherless children fairly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
776	EXO	22	22	v3i8		widow	“woman whose husband has died”
777	EXO	22	22	l2ih		fatherless child	“orphan” or “child with no parents”
778	EXO	22	24	sx9h	figs-metonymy	I will kill you with the sword	To be killed “with the sword” is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate translation: “you will die a violent death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
779	EXO	22	25	v5je		a moneylender	“one who lends money”
780	EXO	22	25	g3ry		charge him interest	“charge him extra money for borrowing” or “charge him extra money for the loan”
781	EXO	22	26	vsk2		garment in pledge	“coat as collateral” or “coat as a guarantee to repay the loan”
782	EXO	22	27	wi2m		only covering	“only coat” or “only garment to keep him warm”
783	EXO	22	27	x7zb	figs-rquestion	What else can he sleep in?	This question adds emphasis. You can translate it as a strong statement. Alternate translation: “He will have nothing to wear while he sleeps!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
784	EXO	22	28	eel2		You must not blaspheme me, God	“Do not insult God” or “Do not speak evil about God”
785	EXO	22	28	tdj6		nor curse a ruler	“and do not ask God to do bad things to a ruler”
786	EXO	22	29	p8nk	figs-doublenegatives	You must not hold back offerings	This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “You must bring all of your offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
787	EXO	22	29	m4yq		give to me the firstborn of your sons	“dedicate your firstborn sons to me”
788	EXO	22	30	cya6		do the same with	“dedicate to me the firstborn of”
789	EXO	22	30	j345	translate-numbers	For seven days	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “For 7 days after they are born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
790	EXO	22	30	m4wq	translate-numbers	the eighth day	This can be written as a numeral. Alternate translation: “day number 8” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
791	EXO	22	30	l9vh		give them to me	“dedicate them to me”
792	EXO	23	intro	hk5t			# Exodus 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and laws of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>### Celebrations of feasts and festivals<br>The people of Israel were required to celebrate certain feasts and festivals. These were part of the law of Moses and some are described in this chapter. Their purpose was to worship Yahweh and to remember the great things Yahweh has done for them.<br>
793	EXO	23	1	we1y		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
794	EXO	23	1	y1a3		dishonest witness	This is the same as a lying or false witness.
795	EXO	23	2	nqz9		nor may you bear witness	“and you also must not speak”
796	EXO	23	2	z6ej	figs-metaphor	siding with the crowd	This is a metaphor that describes one’s agreeing with a group of people as if he actually walked over and stood with that group. Alternate translation: “doing what the crowd wants” or “agreeing with the majority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
797	EXO	23	2	tnv2		pervert justice	do illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling
798	EXO	23	4	faf4		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
799	EXO	23	6	gr9g		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
800	EXO	23	6	z2al		Do not thrust aside justice for your poor in his lawsuit	“Do not decide to treat a poor man unjustly in legal matters”
801	EXO	23	6	vh76		lawsuit	Here, this refers to any matter that a court decides.
802	EXO	23	7	mf4w		I will not acquit the wicked	“I will not find the wicked not guilty” or “I will not say of wicked people that they are innocent”
803	EXO	23	8	gh3v	figs-personification	bribe blinds ... perverts	Here a “bribe” is described as if it were a person. Alternate translation: “bribe discredits ... undermines” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
804	EXO	23	9	mzu9		the life of a foreigner	“the kind of life a stranger lives in a foreign land”
805	EXO	23	10	usn5		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
806	EXO	23	10	rt7h		its produce	“the food its plants produce”
807	EXO	23	11	vr1l		unplowed	uncultivated, untilled
808	EXO	23	11	b5q6		fallow	in its natural state, not used for to grow food
809	EXO	23	11	s4wv	figs-explicit	so that the poor among your people may eat	The poor can eat any food that grows on its own in a field that is not cultivated. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “so the poor among your people may harvest and eat any food that grows on its own in that field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
810	EXO	23	12	v36j		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
811	EXO	23	12	ij92		your ox and your donkey	“your work animals”
812	EXO	23	12	gpu1	figs-activepassive	any foreigner may rest and be refreshed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “any foreigner may rest and regain his strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
813	EXO	23	13	ldn8		Pay attention to	“Do” or “Obey”
814	EXO	23	13	x5tf	figs-metonymy	mention the names of other gods	This represents praying to other gods. Alternate translation: “pray to other gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
815	EXO	23	14	kp1j		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
816	EXO	23	15	bu7n	translate-hebrewmonths	Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
817	EXO	23	15	tx1v	figs-doublenegatives	not appear before me empty-handed	Here understatement is used to emphasize that the Israelites must bring a suitable offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “come to me without a proper offering” or “always bring an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
818	EXO	23	16	tnz1		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
819	EXO	23	16	z4k4		You must observe	“You must honor” or “You must celebrate”
820	EXO	23	16	pnx4		Festival of Ingathering	This festival celebrated the final harvesting of all the crops for the year.
821	EXO	23	17	t5xj	figs-explicit	All your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh	Here to “appear” means to gather for worship. Alternate translation: “All the men must gather to worship the Lord Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
822	EXO	23	18	rqs4		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
823	EXO	23	18	qgx1		fat from the sacrifices	The fat was burned as an offering to Yahweh and was never eaten.
824	EXO	23	19	h3gs		the choicest firstfruits	“the best and first produce of the harvest”
825	EXO	23	19	u7bk		You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk	This was a magical fertility practice among the Canaanites, which the Israelites were not permitted to participate in.
826	EXO	23	20	e5sr		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
827	EXO	23	21	pm7x		Be attentive to him	“Listen to him”
828	EXO	23	21	p5y3		Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon	“If you provoke him, he will not pardon”
829	EXO	23	21	p4jv	figs-metonymy	My name is on him	Here “name” refers to God’s authority. Alternate translation: “He has my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
830	EXO	23	22	z1gn	figs-metonymy	If you indeed obey his voice	Here “voice” represents what the angel says. Alternate translation: “If you carefully obey what he says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
831	EXO	23	22	y9bm	figs-parallelism	an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries	These two phrases mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
832	EXO	23	23	ap6k		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
833	EXO	23	24	a1d5	figs-explicit	You must not ... do as they do	The Israelites must not live as the people who worship other gods. Alternate translation: “You must not ... live as the people who worship those gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
834	EXO	23	25	t3ir	figs-merism	he will bless your bread and water	This is a merism that means food and drink. Alternate translation: “he will bless your food and drink” or “he will bless you by giving you food and drink” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
835	EXO	23	25	ydl4	figs-123person	he will bless ... I will remove	Yahweh switched between the first and third pronoun to refer to himself. Here both “he” and “I” refer to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
836	EXO	23	26	i9uj		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
837	EXO	23	26	q4gz	figs-doublenegatives	No woman will be barren or will miscarry her young in your land	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Every woman will be able to become pregnant and give birth to healthy babies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
838	EXO	23	26	i1r9		miscarry	to have a pregnancy end early and unexpectedly
839	EXO	23	28	cg7i		hornets	a flying insect that can sting people and cause pain
840	EXO	23	29	i9aq		or the land would become abandoned	“because no one would be living in the land”
841	EXO	23	30	zyl3		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel.
842	EXO	23	33	d1fp	figs-metaphor	this will surely become a trap for you	This means worshiping other gods will lead the people of Israel to certain destruction as if they were an animal caught in a hunter’s trap. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
843	EXO	24	intro	b83l			# Exodus 24 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Moses’ covenant<br>The people of Israel promise to obey the covenant Yahweh made with Moses. Their continued blessings were contingent upon their obedience to this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promise]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### God’s holiness<br>Because Yahweh is perfectly holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. Because of this, only Moses was allowed near Yahweh. This is also why Yahweh is described as a “devouring fire.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
844	EXO	24	1	c97i	translate-names	Nadab ... Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
845	EXO	24	1	nm3t	translate-numbers	seventy of Israel’s elders	“70 of Israel’s elders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
846	EXO	24	3	cg32	figs-idiom	with one voice	This is an idiom that means the people were in complete agreement. Alternate translation: “together” or “in agreement” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
847	EXO	24	4	h7gg		foot of the mountain	“base of the mountain” or “bottom of the mountain”
848	EXO	24	6	l5ia		Moses took half of the blood and put it into basins	Moses collected half of the blood in basins in order to splash it on the people in [Exodus 24:8](../24/08.md). This would confirm the people’s participation in the covenant between the people of Israel and God.
849	EXO	24	6	f7dh		he sprinkled the other half onto the altar	Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God’s participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel.
850	EXO	24	7	axt9	figs-activepassive	We will be obedient	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We will obey everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
851	EXO	24	8	h9ff	figs-explicit	Then Moses took the blood	This refers to the blood that Moses had put into the bowls. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Then Moses took the blood that was in the bowls” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
852	EXO	24	9	uz7y	translate-names	Nadab ... Abihu	These are men’s names. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
853	EXO	24	10	ic4s	figs-personification	Under his feet	This speaks of God as if he had human feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
854	EXO	24	10	je5k		a pavement made of sapphire stone	“a pavement made of blue stones called sapphires”
855	EXO	24	10	q8sn		pavement	a hard surface for walking or riding
856	EXO	24	10	pm87	translate-unknown	sapphire stone	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
857	EXO	24	10	zd6u	figs-simile	as clear as the sky itself	This is a simile. Alternate translation: “as clear as the sky is when there are no clouds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
858	EXO	24	11	jds6	figs-metonymy	God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders	This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate translation: “God did not harm the Israelite leaders” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
859	EXO	24	12	dx4f	figs-explicit	tablets of stone and the law and commandments	God had written the law and commandments on the tablets of stone. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “two stone slabs on which I have written all the laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
860	EXO	24	13	gv5e		with his assistant Joshua	“with Joshua who assisted him” or “with Joshua who helped him”
861	EXO	24	14	qiy4		wait for us	“wait for Joshua and me”
862	EXO	24	14	uc7r	translate-names	Hur	Hur was a man who was a friend of Moses and Aaron. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 17:10](../17/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
863	EXO	24	16	j2s5	figs-metonymy	Yahweh’s glory	This was the brilliant light of God’s presence. Alternate translation: “The brilliant light showing God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
864	EXO	24	17	e4n6	figs-simile	like a devouring fire	This means the glory of Yahweh was very large and seemed to burn brightly like a fire. Alternate translation: “like a big fire burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
865	EXO	24	17	k5lj	figs-metaphor	in the eyes of the Israelites	Their eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents their thoughts or judgment about they saw. Alternate translation: “to the Israelites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
866	EXO	24	18	h1wy	translate-numbers	forty days and forty nights	“40 days and 40 nights” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
867	EXO	25	intro	t23a			# Exodus 25 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
868	EXO	25	2	r5yr	figs-idiom	who is motivated by a willing heart	This is an idiom that indicates a person’s desire to give an offering. Alternate translation: “who wants to give an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
869	EXO	25	2	k78q	figs-you	You must receive	The word “you” refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
870	EXO	25	3	s2ls		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
871	EXO	25	4	c1qn		blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are 1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or 2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
872	EXO	25	4	c958		scarlet	bright red
873	EXO	25	6	i6gp	translate-unknown	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
874	EXO	25	7	mg4f	translate-unknown	onyx	a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
875	EXO	25	7	aks5	figs-activepassive	precious stones to be set	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “precious stones for someone to set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
876	EXO	25	7	c3hk		precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems”
877	EXO	25	8	d3vm		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
878	EXO	25	9	w4sc		tabernacle	Here this word means the same thing as the word “sanctuary” in verse 8.
879	EXO	25	9	c9qe	figs-you	You must make it	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
880	EXO	25	9	m1np	figs-you	show you in the plans	“show you in the design” or “show you in the pattern.” Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
881	EXO	25	10	n7j1		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
882	EXO	25	10	cs23	translate-bdistance	two and a half cubits ... one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters ... almost 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
883	EXO	25	12	e59p		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
884	EXO	25	12	wbq8		cast four rings of gold	Casting was a process in which gold was melted, poured into a mold that was in the shape of a ring, and then allowed to harden.
885	EXO	25	14	f2kz		in order to carry the ark	“so that you can carry the ark”
886	EXO	25	15	k67p		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
887	EXO	25	17	c675		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made.
888	EXO	25	17	ast8	translate-bdistance	two and a half cubits ... a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
889	EXO	25	18	hfw6		hammered gold	“beaten gold”
890	EXO	25	19	rgn8		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
891	EXO	25	19	j38e		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
892	EXO	25	19	b4l9	figs-activepassive	They must be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
893	EXO	25	21	lm1p	figs-you	You must put	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
894	EXO	25	22	hl6e		General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses.
895	EXO	25	22	zu9u	figs-you	It is at the ark that I will meet with you	“I will meet with you at the ark.” In 25:22 the word “you” is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
896	EXO	25	22	wq9w		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
897	EXO	25	23	b11v		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
898	EXO	25	23	t312	translate-bdistance	two cubits ... one cubit ... a cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits ... 1 cubit ... 1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters ... 46 centimeters ... 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
899	EXO	25	25	b6j8		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
900	EXO	25	25	awi7		one handbreadth wide	a measurement of 7 to 8 centimeters
901	EXO	25	25	bit8		frame for it	“frame for the table”
902	EXO	25	26	y64j		feet were	“legs are”
903	EXO	25	27	jdh4	figs-activepassive	The rings must be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must attach the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
904	EXO	25	27	q5w8		in order to carry	“so you can carry”
905	EXO	25	28	d7jz		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
906	EXO	25	28	l4fk	figs-activepassive	so that the table may be carried with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may carry the table with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
907	EXO	25	29	v78d	figs-activepassive	to be used to pour out drink offerings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that you may use them to pour out drink offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
908	EXO	25	30	uth7		bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God.
909	EXO	25	31	kc3q		hammered gold	“beaten gold.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:18](../25/18.md).
910	EXO	25	31	g25l	figs-activepassive	The lampstand is to be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
911	EXO	25	31	fq45	figs-activepassive	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers are to be all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers all of one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
912	EXO	25	33	nag2		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
913	EXO	25	33	i7bh		almond blossoms	white or pink flowers that have five petals
914	EXO	25	34	ji3x		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
915	EXO	25	35	lg8l		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
916	EXO	25	35	n5ed	figs-activepassive	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must make them as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
917	EXO	25	36	z9wy		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand ([Exodus 25:31-32](./31.md)).
918	EXO	25	37	m2i7		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
919	EXO	25	37	dfn6		for them to give light from it	“so they shine light from it”
920	EXO	25	38	l5w8	figs-activepassive	The tongs and their trays must be made of pure gold	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make the tongs and their trays of pure gold” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
921	EXO	25	39	ff5p	translate-bweight	one talent	A talent weighs about thirty-three kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
922	EXO	25	39	ff8n		its accessories	the tongs and the trays
923	EXO	25	40	l7je	figs-activepassive	you are being shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am showing you on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
924	EXO	26	intro	emw7			# Exodus 26 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
925	EXO	26	1	hen6		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
926	EXO	26	1	ks8r	figs-you	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
927	EXO	26	1	iww4		curtains	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle.
928	EXO	26	1	xvs7		scarlet wool	wool dyed a deep red color
929	EXO	26	1	n2vm		craftsman	a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
930	EXO	26	2	dkr6	translate-bdistance	twenty-eight cubits ... four cubits	“28 cubits ... 4 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
931	EXO	26	3	ba6w	figs-activepassive	Five curtains must be joined to each other ... must also be joined to each other	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Sew five curtains together to make one set, and sew the other five curtains together to make another set” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
932	EXO	26	4	ghz8		one set	“one set of five curtains”
933	EXO	26	4	zxx4		the second set	“the second set of five curtains”
934	EXO	26	6	sns4		clasps	The clasps fit into the loops (verses 4 and 5) to hold the curtains together.
935	EXO	26	7	k2mi		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
936	EXO	26	7	t7t3	translate-numbers	eleven	“11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
937	EXO	26	8	p423	translate-numbers	thirty ... four	“30 ... 4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
938	EXO	26	8	v7i1	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
939	EXO	26	10	j8yn		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
940	EXO	26	10	etf7		loops	See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:4](./04.md).
941	EXO	26	11	cq36		clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md).
942	EXO	26	12	x5p7		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
943	EXO	26	13	k4ci	translate-bdistance	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
944	EXO	26	14	kii8		a covering of ram skins dyed red, and another covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
945	EXO	26	14	yz3v		dyed red	“colored red”
946	EXO	26	15	p38r		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
947	EXO	26	15	y85l		frames	This refers to frames or panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood.
948	EXO	26	16	k4b7	translate-numbers	ten cubits ... one and a half cubits	“10 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
949	EXO	26	19	s45x		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
950	EXO	26	19	c9id		silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place.
951	EXO	26	19	mm1h		pedestals	The silver bases kept the wooden board off the ground.
952	EXO	26	19	lg39	figs-activepassive	There must be two bases	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Put two bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
953	EXO	26	21	gag1	figs-explicit	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two boards should be done for the rest of the boards. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the boards” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
954	EXO	26	22	nw4c		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
955	EXO	26	24	k1ec	figs-activepassive	These frames must be separate at the bottom, but joined at the top	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Separate these frames at the bottom, but join them at the top” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
956	EXO	26	25	p2wu		silver bases	These were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the frame in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
957	EXO	26	25	q8xh		in all	“total”
958	EXO	26	25	yr6d	figs-explicit	and so on	This means that what was said about the first two frames should be done for the rest of the frames. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md). Alternate translation: “and two bases for each of the rest of the frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
959	EXO	26	26	c95e		General Information:	Yahweh continue to tell Moses how the tabernacle was to be built.
960	EXO	26	26	fc8p		crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure.
961	EXO	26	27	rn67		the back side of the tabernacle to the west	The front was on the east side of the tabernacle.
962	EXO	26	29	x8ny		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle must be constructed.
963	EXO	26	29	ji1j		for them to serve as holders for the crossbars	“which will hold the crossbars” or “because they will hold the crossbars”
964	EXO	26	29	nq3m		crossbars	These are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md).
965	EXO	26	30	csf9	figs-activepassive	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
966	EXO	26	31	yqi6		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how the tabernacle is to be constructed.
967	EXO	26	31	uc7w	figs-you	You must make	Yahweh is speaking to Moses, so the word “you” is singular. Yahweh probably expected Moses to tell someone else to do the actual work, but Moses would be the one responsible for seeing that the work was done correctly. “Tell a craftsman to make.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
968	EXO	26	33	p2yq		clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](./06.md).
969	EXO	26	33	d3gm	figs-explicit	you must bring in the ark of the testimony	The ark of the testimony is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “you must bring in the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
970	EXO	26	33	jc47	figs-activepassive	The curtain is to separate the holy place	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The curtain will separate the holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
971	EXO	26	34	v7t1		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
972	EXO	26	34	mli8		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
973	EXO	26	34	b9m2		on the ark of the testimony	“on the chest that contains the commandments”
974	EXO	26	35	lv9e	figs-explicit	The table must be on the north side	This is the table that holds the bread that represents the presence of God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Place the table for the bread of God’s presence on the north side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
975	EXO	26	36	h3s1		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how to construct the tabernacle.
976	EXO	26	36	p5wf		a hanging	This was a large curtain made of cloth.
977	EXO	26	36	rr16		blue, purple, and scarlet material	Possible meanings are 1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or 2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:4](../25/04.md).
978	EXO	26	36	f6td		fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread.
979	EXO	26	36	r2fy		an embroiderer	“a person who sews designs into cloth” or “a person who embroiders”
980	EXO	27	intro	x4f7			# Exodus 27 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tent of meeting<br>This chapter gives specific instructions regarding the building of a tent where Moses would meet Yahweh and the ark would be stored. This would eventually become the tabernacle. It was to be considered a very holy place. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
981	EXO	27	1	hj65		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
982	EXO	27	1	qj4j	translate-bdistance	five cubits long and five cubits wide	“2.2 meters long on each side” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
983	EXO	27	1	hbg9	translate-bdistance	The altar must be square and three cubits high	“The altar must be square and 1.3 meters high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
984	EXO	27	1	s8qy	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
985	EXO	27	2	lr23		You must make extensions of its four corners shaped like ox horns	“You must make projections that look like ox horns on its four corners”
986	EXO	27	2	lek3	figs-activepassive	The horns will be made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must make the horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
987	EXO	27	2	y4r2		must cover them	“must cover the altar and horns”
988	EXO	27	3	qn79		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
989	EXO	27	3	m4wm		basins	bowls
990	EXO	27	3	z5ax		firepans	These were pans that held hot coals from the altar.
991	EXO	27	3	j5zt		utensils	These were any instrument, vessel, or tool that served a useful purpose.
992	EXO	27	4	fp9m		You must make a grate for the altar, a network of bronze	“You must make a bronze grate for the altar”
993	EXO	27	4	hsq3		grate	a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning
994	EXO	27	5	v6n4		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people need to do.
995	EXO	27	5	c5em	figs-explicit	You must put the grate under the ledge of the altar	The grate was placed inside the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must put the grate under the rim of the altar, on the inside of the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
996	EXO	27	5	xc2t		grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
997	EXO	27	6	wki4	figs-explicit	You must make poles for the altar	These poles were used for carrying the altar. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “You must make poles for carrying the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
998	EXO	27	7	fb3t		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people should do.
999	EXO	27	7	b3yx	figs-activepassive	The poles must be put into the rings, and the poles must be on the two sides of the altar, to carry it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must put the poles into the rings and place them on each side of the altar to carry it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1000	EXO	27	8	xj8e		planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
1001	EXO	27	8	t5ey	figs-activepassive	you were shown on the mountain	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that I have shown to you here on this mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1002	EXO	27	9	y45x	figs-activepassive	There must be hangings ... courtyard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must place hangings ... courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1003	EXO	27	9	id4k		hangings of fine twined linen	A “hanging” was a large curtain made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md)
1004	EXO	27	9	v748		fine twined linen	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread
1005	EXO	27	9	ce9a	translate-bdistance	one hundred cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “44 meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1006	EXO	27	10	sfg8	figs-activepassive	There must also be hooks ... posts	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must also attach hooks ... posts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1007	EXO	27	10	k7rb		posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
1008	EXO	27	11	n95e		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1009	EXO	27	11	gjg5		there must be hangings one hundred cubits long	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 27:9](./09.md).
1010	EXO	27	11	x52h		there must be hangings	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make hangings”
1011	EXO	27	11	nr77		with twenty posts, twenty bronze bases, hooks attached to the posts, and silver rods	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 27:10](./10.md).
1012	EXO	27	12	p4u4		there must be a curtain	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “you must make a curtain”
1013	EXO	27	12	elw4		There must be ten posts	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make ten posts”
1014	EXO	27	13	w2sg		The courtyard must also be fifty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “Make the courtyard fifty cubits long”
1015	EXO	27	14	mzn5		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1016	EXO	27	14	vy7r		The hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1017	EXO	27	14	z8n2		posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
1018	EXO	27	14	gz7s		bases	These were metal blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
1019	EXO	27	14	u8nm	translate-bdistance	fifteen cubits	about seven meters (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1020	EXO	27	16	wv46		The courtyard gate must be a curtain twenty cubits long	This could be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “You must make a curtain twenty cubits long to be the courtyard gate”
1021	EXO	27	16	h4tw	figs-activepassive	The curtain must be made ... fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must make the curtain ... fine twined linen, the work of an embroiderer” or “Embroiderers must make the curtain ... fine twined linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1022	EXO	27	16	kn9u		blue, purple, and scarlet material and fine twined linen	Possible meanings are 1) “yarn that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or 2) “blue, purple, and scarlet dye” to dye the linen.
1023	EXO	27	16	g5wi		an embroiderer	a person who sews designs into cloth
1024	EXO	27	17	wal2		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1025	EXO	27	18	wt7n	translate-bdistance	one hundred cubits	“100 cubits.” A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1026	EXO	27	18	j1zp		fine twined linen hangings	“finely twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1027	EXO	27	19	w5n8	figs-activepassive	all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard must be made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “make all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1028	EXO	27	19	bs7c		tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground
1029	EXO	27	20	wn9n		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1030	EXO	27	21	ge7v		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle.
1031	EXO	27	21	p7ru		ark of testimony	This is the chest that contains the sacred slabs of stone on which Yahweh had written his commandments.
1032	EXO	27	21	vr7m		This requirement will be a lasting statute	“I require that the people do this as a lasting statute”
1033	EXO	28	intro	r3yx			# Exodus 28 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Holy garments<br>Because Yahweh is holy, only the priests could approach him, and when they did they must be wearing specially made clothing. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
1034	EXO	28	1	bsm1		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do ([Exodus 25:1](../25/01.md)).
1035	EXO	28	1	e1xb	figs-you	Call to yourself	Here “yourself” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1036	EXO	28	2	tv9h	figs-you	You must make	Here “you” refers to the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1037	EXO	28	2	t5gy	figs-activepassive	garments that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “garments that you will set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1038	EXO	28	4	re79		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1039	EXO	28	4	tr5e		a coat of woven work	“a coat with a design woven into it”
1040	EXO	28	4	dz5h		turban	a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times.
1041	EXO	28	4	k184		sash	a piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest
1042	EXO	28	6	yu8u		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1043	EXO	28	6	u3rx		fine-twined linen	“finely-twisted linen.” This was cloth made from fine linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1044	EXO	28	6	k3bj		skillful craftsman	a person who can make beautiful objects by hand
1045	EXO	28	8	w523	figs-activepassive	it must be made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they must make it in one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1046	EXO	28	9	c4ia	translate-unknown	onyx stones	These are valuable stones that have layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1047	EXO	28	10	at1b		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1048	EXO	28	11	dv8k		With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engraving on a signet	“In the same way a person engraves on a seal”
1049	EXO	28	11	x1xc		engraver	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
1050	EXO	28	11	cm3f		signet	an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal
1051	EXO	28	11	gh2r		settings	pieces of metal that hold the stone onto the ephod
1052	EXO	28	13	hpc7		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1053	EXO	28	13	pi4x		settings	These are pieces of metal that hold each stone onto the ephod. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
1054	EXO	28	14	e746		two braided chains of pure gold like cords	“two chains of pure gold that are braided like cords”
1055	EXO	28	15	ta6b		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1056	EXO	28	15	sf8e		the work of a skillful workman, fashioned like the ephod	“a skillful workman will make it like the ephod”
1057	EXO	28	16	cny4	translate-bdistance	span	A span is 22 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1058	EXO	28	17	spd4		General Information:	Twelve kinds of stone are listed here. Scholars are not sure which kinds of stones the Hebrew words refer to. Some translations list different stones.
1059	EXO	28	17	qp4t	translate-unknown	precious stones	“valuable gems” or “treasured gems.” See how you translated these in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1060	EXO	28	17	n1ys	translate-unknown	ruby ... topaz ... garnet	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1061	EXO	28	18	ga1v		emerald ... diamond	These are precious stones.
1062	EXO	28	18	a5rr		sapphire	This is a gemstone that is blue in color. See how you translated this in [Exodus 24:10](../24/10.md).
1063	EXO	28	19	z17r		jacinth ... agate ... amethyst	These are precious stones
1064	EXO	28	20	ul2e	translate-unknown	beryl ... jasper	These are precious stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1065	EXO	28	20	rgf6	translate-unknown	onyx	This is a valuable stone that has layers of white and black, red or brown. See how you translated these in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1066	EXO	28	20	pw5h	figs-activepassive	They must be mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must mount them in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1067	EXO	28	21	d6fa		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1068	EXO	28	21	x4qn	figs-activepassive	The stones must be arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must arrange the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1069	EXO	28	21	z8mw		signet ring	A signet is an engraved stone used to stamp a design into a wax seal. Here the stone is mounted on a ring. See how you translated “signet” in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
1070	EXO	28	22	m7yl		chains like cords, braided work of pure gold	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
1071	EXO	28	25	cd3a		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1072	EXO	28	25	d8y3		braided chains	“chains braided like cords.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
1073	EXO	28	25	a4lc	figs-explicit	to the two settings	These are two settings that enclose the stones. This can be clearly stated in the translation. Alternate translation: “to the two settings that enclose the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1074	EXO	28	27	e385		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1075	EXO	28	27	vw1w		finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
1076	EXO	28	28	se56	figs-activepassive	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that they may attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1077	EXO	28	28	wf9v	figs-doublenegatives	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1078	EXO	28	29	k21k		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1079	EXO	28	29	z1mz		he must carry the names of the people of Israel over his heart in the breastpiece	This refers to the names of the tribes engraved on the twelve stones the breastplate as described in [Exodus 28:17-21](./17.md).
1080	EXO	28	29	cc97		over his heart	“over Aaron’s heart” or “on his chest”
1081	EXO	28	30	f537		the Urim and the Thummim ... the means for making decisions	The second phrase appears to refer to the Urim and Thummim and explain their purpose.
1082	EXO	28	30	dgn9	translate-unknown	the Urim and the Thummim	It not clear what these are. They were objects, possibly stones, that the priest used to determine somehow the will of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1083	EXO	28	31	jl1d		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1084	EXO	28	32	x42n		This must be the work of a weaver	This can be stated as a command. Alternate translation: “A weaver must make this robe”
1085	EXO	28	32	rw96		a weaver	“a person who weaves” or “a person who creates cloth using thread”
1086	EXO	28	33	v7gy		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people do.
1087	EXO	28	33	t9re	translate-unknown	pomegranates	A pomegranate is a round fruit with a red outer skin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1088	EXO	28	34	kl55		a golden bell and a pomegranate	This phrase is repeated to show the pattern of the design on the robe.
1089	EXO	28	35	de4m	figs-activepassive	The robe is to be on Aaron when he serves	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear the robe when he serves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1090	EXO	28	35	pf61	figs-activepassive	so that its sound can be heard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the bells make a sound” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1091	EXO	28	35	qtf9	figs-explicit	This is so that he does not die	It is implied that he would die because he did not obey Yahweh. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “As a result, he will not die because of disobeying my instructions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1092	EXO	28	36	e8qp		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1093	EXO	28	36	nd2q		engrave on it, like the engraving on a signet	“write on it in the same way a person engraves on a seal.” See how you translated similar words in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md)
1094	EXO	28	37	qka6		turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1095	EXO	28	38	ee65	figs-activepassive	It must be on Aaron’s forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must wear it on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1096	EXO	28	38	u19w	figs-activepassive	The turban must be always on his forehead	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Aaron must always wear the turban on his forehead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1097	EXO	28	39	cp68		General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1098	EXO	28	39	t5vj		turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1099	EXO	28	39	yi1l		sash	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1100	EXO	28	39	i62z		the work of an embroiderer	An embroiderer is a person who sews designs into cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1101	EXO	28	40	sc7t		General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1102	EXO	28	40	pfs2		sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that a person wears around his waist or across his chest. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1103	EXO	28	40	v2tj		headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes.
1104	EXO	28	41	xa75	figs-explicit	You must clothe Aaron your brother	Aaron was the older brother of Moses. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Put these clothes on your older brother Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1105	EXO	28	42	vua7		General Information:	God continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1106	EXO	28	42	vz62		undergarments	These are underwear, clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin.
1107	EXO	28	43	s6n2		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1108	EXO	28	43	r7y7		a permanent law	“a law the will not end”
1109	EXO	29	intro	xmd9			# Exodus 29 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Consecrating priests<br>This chapter records the process of consecrating priests. The priests were to be set apart from the rest of Israel because Yahweh is holy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/consecrate]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I will live among the Israelites”<br>As God, Yahweh is everywhere and cannot be limited to a single space. This phrase indicates that he permanently remains within Israel in a special way while they have the ark.<br>
1110	EXO	29	1	d6gk		Now	The word “now” marks a change in topic from garments for priests to consecrating priests.
1111	EXO	29	1	z78h		you must do	Here “you” refers to Moses.
1112	EXO	29	1	ld5s		to set them apart	“to set apart Aaron and his sons”
1113	EXO	29	1	dq2c		serve me	Here “me” refers to Yahweh.
1114	EXO	29	1	cgl2		one young bull	a male cow
1115	EXO	29	2	ptm7	figs-activepassive	Also take wafers without yeast rubbed with oil	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Also take wafers without yeast and rub them with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1116	EXO	29	2	r449		bread ... cakes ... wafers	These are different kinds of food made from flour.
1117	EXO	29	3	u713		General Information:	Yahweh continues to speak to Moses
1118	EXO	29	3	gm58		You must put them	“You must put the bread, cake, and wafer”
1119	EXO	29	3	cd6m	figs-explicit	present them with the bull and the two rams	Here “present” means to offer as a sacrifice. The full meaning of this can be translated clearly. Alternate translation: “offer them to me when you sacrifice the bull and the two rams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1120	EXO	29	4	a6rz		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1121	EXO	29	5	va8b		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1122	EXO	29	5	f7u7		coat	This was a coat with a design woven into it. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1123	EXO	29	5	pr4i		finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
1124	EXO	29	6	ap2x		turban	This was a tall head covering made from cloth wrapped around the head several times. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1125	EXO	29	6	y59s		holy crown	This crown is described in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md) as being engraved with the words “dedicated to Yahweh” and made of pure gold.
1126	EXO	29	8	s53c		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1127	EXO	29	8	v46k		bring his sons	“bring Aaron’s sons”
1128	EXO	29	8	jtc7		coats	These were coats with a design woven into them. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1129	EXO	29	9	j3a8		sashes	A sash is a decorative piece of cloth that people wear around their waist or across their chest. See how you translated this word in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1130	EXO	29	9	bh2d		headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:40](../28/40.md).
1131	EXO	29	9	r1x4		The work of the priesthood	“the duty of being priests”
1132	EXO	29	9	ze9l	figs-explicit	will belong to them	The duty of being priests will also belong to the descendants of Aaron’s sons. You can state this clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “will belong to them and their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1133	EXO	29	9	p7m9		permanent law	“a law the will not end.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md).
1134	EXO	29	10	r782		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1135	EXO	29	10	p996		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1136	EXO	29	11	bf2m		You must kill the bull	The bull offering was to be killed by Moses, not the priests, at the doorway, not inside the tent of meeting.
1137	EXO	29	11	y6kp	figs-explicit	kill the bull	Since the following verses will tell what to do with the blood from the bull, use a term for “kill” that will imply a method similar to “slitting its throat and catch the blood in a bowl.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1138	EXO	29	12	uxh3		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1139	EXO	29	12	c2ud		the horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
1140	EXO	29	12	xdl5		the rest of the blood	“the remaining blood”
1141	EXO	29	13	x2c5		covers the inner parts	“covers the organs”
1142	EXO	29	13	nsg6		liver ... kidneys	These are organs in the body.
1143	EXO	29	14	eza8		But as for the bull’s flesh, as well as its skin and dung	“But as for the remaining parts of the bull”
1144	EXO	29	16	hd8i		You must kill the ram	For these consecration sacrifices for the priests, it was Moses, not Aaron or his sons, who had to kill the animals.
1145	EXO	29	17	w2nb		the inner parts	“the organs.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md).
1146	EXO	29	18	s68x		on the altar	Unlike the bull offering that was burned outside of the tent, the ram was to be burned on the inner altar.
1147	EXO	29	19	x3iv		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1148	EXO	29	20	j6b1	figs-explicit	Then you must kill the ram	The ram was killed by cutting its throat. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Then kill the ram by slitting its throat” or “Then kill the ram by cutting its throat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1149	EXO	29	21	saa8		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1150	EXO	29	21	w1aa	figs-activepassive	Aaron will then be set apart for me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “By doing this, you will dedicate Aaron to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1151	EXO	29	22	gj68		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1152	EXO	29	22	i3dc		inner parts ... liver ... kidney	These refer to organs inside the body. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:13](../29/13.md).
1153	EXO	29	23	td8w		Take one loaf ... before Yahweh	For 29:23 see how you translated similar words in [Exodus 29:2](../29/02.md).
1154	EXO	29	23	i7vx		that is before Yahweh	“that you have placed before Yahweh”
1155	EXO	29	24	wv9l		General Information:	God continues speaking to Moses.
1156	EXO	29	24	b9bj		You must put these	Here “these” refers to the parts of the sacrifice mentioned in the previous verses.
1157	EXO	29	25	wz3a	figs-activepassive	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “burn it as an offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1158	EXO	29	26	acx5		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1159	EXO	29	26	bf71		ram of dedication	“ram that you dedicated” or “ram that you killed”
1160	EXO	29	26	c21f		Aaron’s ram of dedication	“the ram that you used to dedicate Aaron”
1161	EXO	29	28	uc2d		This will be a perpetual share for Aaron and his sons	“This is what Aaron and his sons will always receive from the people”
1162	EXO	29	29	la34		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1163	EXO	29	29	qru8	figs-activepassive	The holy garments of Aaron must also be reserved for his sons after him	These garments belong to the priesthood and are not just Aaron’s personal clothing. Alternate translation: “Aaron must reserve the holy garments for his sons after him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1164	EXO	29	29	i5vz	figs-activepassive	They are to be anointed in them and ordained to me in them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They must wear the holy garments when you anoint his sons and ordain them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1165	EXO	29	30	pe79		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1166	EXO	29	31	npz1		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1167	EXO	29	31	l3xk		the ram for the installation of the priests	“the ram you killed when you installed the priests”
1168	EXO	29	31	u9kl	figs-explicit	in a holy place	This is not the same as the holy place outside of the most holy place. This refers to a place within the courtyard. Alternate translation: “at the entrance to the tent of meeting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1169	EXO	29	32	dp8h		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1170	EXO	29	33	qk8i	figs-activepassive	that were given	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you sacrificed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1171	EXO	29	34	rhp7	figs-activepassive	It must not be eaten	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “No one must eat it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1172	EXO	29	34	lhi8	figs-activepassive	because it has been set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because you have set it apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1173	EXO	29	35	c2si		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1174	EXO	29	35	g9pm		In this way, by following all that I have commanded you to do, you must treat Aaron and his sons	“I have commanded you to treat Aaron and his sons this way”
1175	EXO	29	37	pq5d		Then the altar will be completely set apart to me	“Then the altar will be most holy”
1176	EXO	29	37	qk5h		will be set apart to Yahweh	“will also be very holy”
1177	EXO	29	38	e4r9		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1178	EXO	29	38	sli9		You must regularly offer on the altar every day	“You must daily offer on the altar”
1179	EXO	29	40	rt1f		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1180	EXO	29	40	x6i4	translate-fraction	a tenth ... the fourth part	“1/10 ... 1/4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1181	EXO	29	40	bwg1	translate-bvolume	ephah	An ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
1182	EXO	29	40	vt6f	translate-bvolume	hin	A hin is 3.7 liters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
1183	EXO	29	41	t1tt		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1184	EXO	29	41	hgt9	figs-activepassive	it will be an offering made to me by fire	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it will be a burnt offering to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1185	EXO	29	42	j8cg		throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1186	EXO	29	42	h5r7		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1187	EXO	29	43	f1t6		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1188	EXO	29	43	ic8i	figs-activepassive	the tent will be set apart for me by my glory	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “My awesome presence will dedicate the tent to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1189	EXO	29	45	zcs1		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1190	EXO	30	intro	z3yc			# Exodus 30 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Atonement<br>The atonement offered by the priests was very important in the religious life of Israel. In order to offer sacrifices, the priests had to maintain ritual cleanliness by washing themselves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/atonement]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/priest]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])<br>
1191	EXO	30	1	r1f4		General Information:	Yahweh tells Moses how to build the worship equipment.
1192	EXO	30	1	v8vb	figs-you	You must make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1193	EXO	30	2	w56e	figs-activepassive	Its horns must be made	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated “horns” in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md). Alternate translation: “You must make its horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1194	EXO	30	3	d3uu		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1195	EXO	30	3	ddb2		the incense altar	“an altar to burn incense”
1196	EXO	30	4	qyg4	figs-activepassive	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you will attach to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1197	EXO	30	5	r61h		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1198	EXO	30	6	h33c	figs-explicit	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1199	EXO	30	6	e52i		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
1200	EXO	30	6	vg6k	figs-you	where I will meet with you	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1201	EXO	30	7	l2rl		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1202	EXO	30	8	qm7i		throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1203	EXO	30	9	ckf9		But you must offer	Though the word “you” is addressed to Moses, the instruction is given specifically to Aaron and his descendants as to when and what they are to offer on the altar of incense.
1204	EXO	30	10	ez2s		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1205	EXO	30	10	k6xk		horns	These were projections that looked like ox horns attached to the four corners of the altar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
1206	EXO	30	10	san2		throughout your generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1207	EXO	30	12	s73c	figs-you	When you take	Possible meanings are 1) “you” refers to just Moses or 2) “you” refers to Moses and the leaders of Israel in future generations when they take a census. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1208	EXO	30	12	k5p1		a census of the Israelites	The leaders only counted the Israelite men.
1209	EXO	30	13	s69s	figs-activepassive	Everyone who is counted	This can be stated in active form. They counted only the men. Alternate translation: “Everyone you count” or “Every man you count” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1210	EXO	30	13	i4wk	translate-bmoney	half a shekel of silver	“1/2 a shekel of silver.” Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “5.5 grams of silver” or “six grams of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1211	EXO	30	13	nfp6		according to the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used.
1212	EXO	30	13	id6d	translate-unknown	twenty gerahs	“20 gerahs.” A gerah is a unit that people used for measuring how much something very small weighed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1213	EXO	30	14	k4h9	figs-metaphor	from twenty years old and up	Larger numbers are spoken of as being up or above smaller numbers. Alternate translation: “from twenty years old and more” or “who is twenty years old or older” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1214	EXO	30	15	r7fd		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1215	EXO	30	15	rll6		the people	Only the men made this offering.
1216	EXO	30	15	e8xa	translate-bmoney	the half shekel	Translators may use a unit of measure that people understand and a round number: “the 5.5 grams of silver” or “the 6 grams of silver.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:13](../03/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1217	EXO	30	16	z6tn		It must be a reminder to the Israelites before me, to make atonement for your lives	Possible meanings are 1) “It will remind the Israelites to make atonement for their lives” or 2) “It will remind the Israelites that they have made atonement for their lives.”
1218	EXO	30	18	ye18	figs-you	You must also make	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1219	EXO	30	18	v88y		bronze basin	“bronze bowl” or “bronze tub”
1220	EXO	30	18	bh82		a bronze stand	This is what the basin would be put on.
1221	EXO	30	18	iq8n		a basin for washing	This phrase explains what the priests were to use the large bronze basin for.
1222	EXO	30	18	m5li		the altar	the altar of sacrifice
1223	EXO	30	19	jq26		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1224	EXO	30	19	ivb1		water in it	“water in the basin”
1225	EXO	30	21	hp35		for Aaron and his descendants throughout their people’s generations	“for Aaron and all the generations of his descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1226	EXO	30	22	p8n6		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1227	EXO	30	23	m9g7	translate-unknown	spices	dried plants that people grind into a powder and put in oil or food to give it a nice smell or flavor. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1228	EXO	30	23	zq43	translate-numbers	five hundred shekels ... 250 shekels	“500 shekels ... two hundred and fifty shekels.” A shekel is about 11 grams. Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “5.7 kilograms ... 11.4 kilograms” or “six kilograms ... three kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1229	EXO	30	23	xga2	translate-unknown	cinnamon ... cane	These are sweet spices. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1230	EXO	30	24	p9jh	translate-unknown	cassia	This is a sweet spice. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1231	EXO	30	24	n38f	translate-bweight	the weight of the shekel of the sanctuary	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1232	EXO	30	24	dv89	translate-bvolume	one hin	Translators may use units that people know and round numbers: “3.7 liters” or “four liters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1233	EXO	30	25	juf3		with these ingredients	“with these items”
1234	EXO	30	25	k3s5		the work of a perfumer	Possible meanings are 1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or 2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it.
1235	EXO	30	25	yv9l		a perfumer	a person who is skilled in mixing spices and oils
1236	EXO	30	26	f7k5		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1237	EXO	30	26	u241	figs-you	You must anoint	Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1238	EXO	30	26	d4id	figs-explicit	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1239	EXO	30	28	v5mk		the altar for burnt offerings	“the altar on which offering were burnt”
1240	EXO	30	29	a9hr		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1241	EXO	30	29	np7g		set them apart	This refers to the items listed in [Exodus 30:26-28](./26.md).
1242	EXO	30	31	k4s7		throughout your people’s generations	“all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1243	EXO	30	32	w4dt		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what Moses must tell the people.
1244	EXO	30	32	rlk4	figs-activepassive	It must not be applied to people’s skin	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must not put the anointing oil that is dedicated to Yahweh on a person’s skin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1245	EXO	30	32	v3br		with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items”
1246	EXO	30	33	pa53	figs-metaphor	that person must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” 2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or 3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1247	EXO	30	34	r3j2		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what to do. Yahweh gives the commands only to Moses: all instances of “you” are singular. However, the words “blended by a perfumer” might mean that Moses could have the perfumer take the spices, blend them, grind them, and give them to Moses so Moses could put part of the mixture in front of the ark, as in UST.
1248	EXO	30	35	as9y	figs-activepassive	Make it into the form of incense, blended by a perfumer	The phrase with “blended” can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Make it into the form of incense that a perfumer has blended” or “A perfumer must blend it into a kind of incense” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1249	EXO	30	35	y8yj		blended by a perfumer	Possible meanings are 1) Moses was to have a perfumer do the work or 2) Moses was to do the work himself the way a perfumer would do it. See how you translated these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
1250	EXO	30	36	nz2a	figs-you	You will grind it	“You will crush it.” Here “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1251	EXO	30	36	t8y9	figs-you	You will regard	Here “you” is plural and refers to Moses and all the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1252	EXO	30	37	z4p5		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1253	EXO	30	37	dq6c		you must not make any	The word “you” here refers to the people of Israel.
1254	EXO	30	37	yv1y		with the same formula	“with the same ingredients” or “with the same items.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:32](../30/32.md).
1255	EXO	30	37	wh25		It must be most holy to you	“You must consider it to be most holy”
1256	EXO	30	38	xn6v		perfume	This is a pleasant smelling liquid a person puts on his or her body.
1257	EXO	30	38	sa1m	figs-metaphor	must be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) “I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” 2) “the people of Israel must send him away” or 3) “the people of Israel must kill him.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:33](../30/33.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1258	EXO	31	intro	wfk7			# Exodus 31 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is the end of Exodus’ recording of the law of Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sabbath<br>As described in this chapter, the Sabbath is more than just a day of worship or celebration. Its significance extends beyond a way to help people rest. It is a major part of the identity of the Hebrew people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br>
1259	EXO	31	2	m8ju	figs-metonymy	I have called by name	God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate translation: “I have chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1260	EXO	31	2	hf5r	translate-names	Bezalel ... Uri ... Hur	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1261	EXO	31	3	ayb9		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1262	EXO	31	3	f7sk	figs-metaphor	I have filled Bezalel with my Spirit	Yahweh speaks of giving Bezalel his Spirit as if Bezalel were a container and God’s Spirit were a liquid. Alternate translation: “I have given my Spirit to Bezalel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1263	EXO	31	3	r6i5	figs-abstractnouns	for all kinds of craftsmanship	The abstract noun “craftsmanship” can be translated as “making crafts” or “making things.” Alternate translation: “for making all kinds of crafts” or “so that he can make all kinds of things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1264	EXO	31	6	qk4r		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1265	EXO	31	6	jh61	translate-names	Oholiab ... Ahisamak	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1266	EXO	31	6	wcq7		I have put skill into the hearts of all who are wise	God speaks of making people able to make things as if he were putting the ability into their hearts. Alternate translation: “I have given skill to all who are wise” or “I have made all who are wise able to make things well”
1267	EXO	31	7	jc78		tent of meeting	This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:21](../27/21.md).
1268	EXO	31	7	m58b	figs-explicit	ark of the testimony	The ark is the chest that contains the commandments. This can be stated clearly in the translation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:33](../26/33.md). Alternate translation: “the chest containing the commandments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1269	EXO	31	7	z5s4		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
1270	EXO	31	8	h84n		incense altar	“altar to burn incense.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md).
1271	EXO	31	9	cvl7		altar for burnt offerings	“altar on which offering were burnt.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:28](../30/28.md).
1272	EXO	31	10	hn88		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1273	EXO	31	11	z1u2		These craftsmen	“These people who are skilled in making beautiful things”
1274	EXO	31	13	i1lw	figs-metaphor	You must certainly keep Yahweh’s Sabbath days	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “You must certainly obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1275	EXO	31	13	gw13		throughout your people’s generations	“through all the generations of your descendants.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1276	EXO	31	13	h75a	figs-metaphor	who sets you apart for himself	God speaks of choosing people to be his as setting them apart for himself. Alternate translation: “who has chosen you to be his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1277	EXO	31	14	g83p	figs-activepassive	for it must be treated by you as holy	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for you must treat it as holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1278	EXO	31	14	mv4l	figs-metaphor	Everyone who defiles it	God speaks of treating the Sabbath with disrespect as defiling it. Alternate translation: “Everyone who treats the Sabbath with disrespect” or “Everyone who does not obey the laws about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1279	EXO	31	14	plq5	figs-activepassive	must surely be put to death	“must surely be killed.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must surely kill” or “you must surely execute” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1280	EXO	31	14	fz1g	figs-metaphor	must surely be cut off from his people	The metaphor “cut off” has at least three possible meanings. They can be expressed in active form: 1) “Yahweh will no longer consider him to be one of his people” 2) “you must surely send him away” or 3) “you must surely kill him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1281	EXO	31	15	v4dv	translate-numbers	but the seventh day	“but day 7” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1282	EXO	31	16	iv7a		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what he must tell the people of Israel.
1283	EXO	31	16	t9hw	figs-metaphor	must keep the Sabbath	God speaks of obeying his instructions about the Sabbath as keeping the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “must obey Yahweh’s instructions about the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1284	EXO	31	16	n7q2		They must observe it throughout their people’s generations	“They and all the generations of their descendants must observe it.” See how you translated “throughout their people’s generations” in [Exodus 12:42](../12/42.md).
1285	EXO	31	16	yef8		lasting covenant	“a covenant that will always exist.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:43](../28/43.md).
1286	EXO	31	18	xc6h	figs-activepassive	written on by his own hand	This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh wrote on with his own hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1287	EXO	32	intro	vv2w			# Exodus 32 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The events of this chapter occur while Moses spoke with God and therefore happen at the same time as the events in chapters 20-31.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 32:18.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Idolatry<br>The making of the golden calf was considered a form of idolatry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
1288	EXO	32	1	cfk8	figs-metaphor	the people saw	Here understanding something is spoken of as if it were being seen. Alternate translation: “the people realized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1289	EXO	32	1	k2i1		Come, make us an idol	The word “come” strengthens the force of the command following it. The people were demanding that Aaron make an idol for them.
1290	EXO	32	1	mrb5		go before us	“lead us” or “be our leader”
1291	EXO	32	2	p86s		bring them to me	The word “them” refers to the golden rings.
1292	EXO	32	3	ckg2		All the people	This refers to all the people who rejected Moses as their leader and Moses’ God as their God.
1293	EXO	32	4	uf9e		fashioned it with an engraving tool and he made a cast idol in the shape of a calf	Aaron melted the gold and poured it into a mold that had the shape of a calf. When the gold became hard, he removed the mold, and the hardened gold had the shape of a calf.
1294	EXO	32	5	ztx4	figs-explicit	When Aaron saw this	You may need to make explicit what he saw. “When Aaron saw what the people did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1295	EXO	32	6	as6u		to carouse in wild celebration	“to have a wild party.” The people likely behaved in sexually immoral ways at the party.
1296	EXO	32	8	eua5	figs-metaphor	left the way that I commanded them	Here God speaks of the people disobeying what he commanded them as if he had told them to walk on a certain road and they left that road. Alternate translation: “stopped doing what I commanded them to do” or “have stopped obeying what I commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1297	EXO	32	9	bh7c	figs-metaphor	I have seen this people	Here Yahweh compares knowing the people to seeing them. Alternate translation: “I know this people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1298	EXO	32	9	ffe2	figs-metaphor	a stiff-necked people	Yahweh speaks of the people being stubborn as if they had stiff necks. Alternate translation: “a stubborn people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1299	EXO	32	10	fmk3		Now then	The word “now” is used here to mark a break in what Yahweh was telling Moses. Here Yahweh tells what he will do to the people.
1300	EXO	32	10	sd9w	figs-metaphor	My anger will burn hot against them	Yahweh speaks of his anger as if it were a fire that could burn hot. Alternate translation: “My anger towards them will be terrible” or “I am extremely angry with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1301	EXO	32	10	vc2u	figs-you	from you	The word “you” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1302	EXO	32	11	h62e	figs-metaphor	why does your anger burn against your people ... a mighty hand?	Moses used this question to try to persuade Yahweh not to be so angry with his people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Do not let your anger burn against your people ... a mighty hand.” or “Do not be so angry with your people ... a mighty hand.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1303	EXO	32	11	t2cv	figs-doublet	great power ... mighty hand	These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1304	EXO	32	11	ph43	figs-metonymy	a mighty hand	Here the word “hand” refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate translation: “and the powerful things you did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1305	EXO	32	12	k26p		General Information:	Moses continues to reason with God not to destroy Israel.
1306	EXO	32	12	r8ij	figs-rquestion	Why should the Egyptians say, ‘He led them out ... to destroy them from the face of the earth?’	Moses used this question to try to persuade God not to destroy his people. This rhetorical question can be translated with a statement. Alternate translation: If you destroy your people, the Egyptians might say, ‘He led them out ... to destroy them from the face of the earth.’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1307	EXO	32	12	kzh7		face of the earth	“from the surface of the earth” or “from the earth”
1308	EXO	32	12	fns1		Turn from your burning anger	“Stop your burning anger” or “Stop being so angry”
1309	EXO	32	12	p1df	figs-metaphor	your burning anger	Moses speaks of God’s anger as if it were a fire that was burning. Alternate translation: “your terrible anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1310	EXO	32	13	t9sa		Call to mind Abraham	“Remember Abraham” or “Think about Abraham”
1311	EXO	32	13	p8jq		you swore	“you made an oath” or “you solemnly promised”
1312	EXO	32	13	q1g1	figs-metaphor	They will inherit it forever	God speaks about them possessing the land as if they would inherit it. Alternate translation: “They will possess it forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1313	EXO	32	15	cx7z		tablets of the covenant decrees	These are the two stone slabs on which God had engraved his commandments.
1314	EXO	32	16	w3ua	figs-parallelism	The tablets were God’s own work, and the writing was God’s own writing	These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains how the tablets were “God’s own work.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1315	EXO	32	17	cua3	figs-explicit	he said to Moses	It is assumed that Joshua met Moses while Moses was going back to the camp. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1316	EXO	32	19	hr2j		the tablets	“the two stone slabs that Yahweh had written on”
1317	EXO	32	21	du5l	figs-quotations	Then Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people ... a great sin on them?”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses asked Aaron what the people do to him, that he have brought such a great sin on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1318	EXO	32	21	np73	figs-metaphor	you have brought such a great sin on them	Moses spoke of causing people to sin as if sin were an object and Aaron put it on them. Alternate translation: “you have caused them to sin so terribly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1319	EXO	32	22	z2ch	figs-metaphor	Do not let your anger burn hot	Aaron spoke of Moses’ anger as if it were a fire that could burn. “Do not be so angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1320	EXO	32	22	vdy2	figs-metaphor	they are set on doing evil	Being determined to do evil is spoken of as being set on evil. Alternate translation: “they are determined to do what is evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1321	EXO	32	23	zn68		this Moses	People showed disrespect by putting the word “this” before his name, as if Moses were someone they did not know and could not trust.
1322	EXO	32	24	yq7s	figs-quotations	So I said to them, ‘Whoever has any gold, let him take it off.’	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “So I told them that whoever had any gold should take it off” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1323	EXO	32	24	b3l5		I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf	Instead of taking ownership for making the calf, Aaron claims the calf came out of the fire supernaturally.
1324	EXO	32	25	ck1f		were running wild	“were behaving wildly” or “were not controlling themselves”
1325	EXO	32	26	jis7	figs-quotations	Then Moses stood at the entrance ... “Whoever is on Yahweh’s side, come to me.”	This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “Then Moses stood at the entrance to the camp and said that whoever was on Yahweh’s side should come to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1326	EXO	32	26	ryb5	figs-metaphor	Whoever is on Yahweh’s side	Moses speaks of being loyal to Yahweh as being on Yahweh’s side. Alternate translation: “Whoever is loyal to Yahweh” or “Whoever serves Yahweh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1327	EXO	32	27	xsl3		go back and forth from entrance to entrance	“go from side of the camp to the other, starting at one entrance to the camp and going to the entrance on the other side of the camp”
1328	EXO	32	28	at4i	translate-numbers	three thousand of the people	“3000 of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1329	EXO	32	29	jzp1		You have been placed into Yahweh’s service	This probably means “You have been chosen to serve Yahweh” or “You have become Yahweh’s servants.”
1330	EXO	32	29	c6fg	figs-explicit	for each of you has taken action against his son and his brother	The fact that they did this in obedience to God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “for you have obeyed Yahweh and killed your sons and your brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1331	EXO	32	30	r5fn		You have committed a very great sin	They worshiped an idol.
1332	EXO	32	30	yi3e	figs-metaphor	Perhaps I can make atonement for your sin	Moses spoke of persuading God to forgive the people as if he could make atonement for their sin. Alternate translation: “Perhaps I can persuade Yahweh to forgive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1333	EXO	32	32	c72y	figs-metonymy	blot me out of the book	The word “me” here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate translation: “erase my name from the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1334	EXO	32	32	ahb3	figs-explicit	the book that you have written	What God had written in the book can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the book in which you have written the names of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1335	EXO	32	33	igb4	figs-metonymy	that person I will blot out of my book	The phrase “that person” represents “that person’s name.” Alternate translation: “I will erase that person’s name from my book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1336	EXO	32	33	qwk9		my book	This refers to the book of Yahweh that Moses spoke of in [Exodus 32:32](../32/32.md).
1337	EXO	32	34	xn8p		But on the day that I punish them, I will punish them	On the day that God decides to punish them, it will be clear that it is God who is judging them.
1338	EXO	32	35	ddg6		Yahweh sent a plague on the people	This plague may have been a serious illness. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made the people very sick”
1339	EXO	32	35	wv1v		they had made the calf, the one that Aaron made	Even though Aaron made the calf, the people were also guilty because they told Aaron to do it. Alternate translation: “they told Aaron to make the calf”
1340	EXO	33	intro	g5k3			# Exodus 33 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>While the covenants Yahweh made may not be conditioned upon the obedience of Israel, it is clear that their conquering of the Promised Land was conditioned on their obedience to Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/promisedland]])<br>
1341	EXO	33	1	p8xp		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses of his anger.
1342	EXO	33	3	yyt4	figs-metonymy	that land, which is flowing with milk and honey	The land was good for raising livestock and growing crops. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1343	EXO	33	3	y347		flowing with	“full of” or “with an abundance of”
1344	EXO	33	3	ck4m	figs-metonymy	milk	Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1345	EXO	33	3	a4ct	figs-metonymy	honey	Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1346	EXO	33	3	ah5t		a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change”
1347	EXO	33	4	cf7g		jewelry	beautiful clothing as well as chains and rings with jewels in them
1348	EXO	33	5	rzr5		a stubborn people	“people who refuse to change.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:3](../33/03.md).
1349	EXO	33	9	yt4f	figs-metaphor	the pillar of cloud	The cloud had the shape of a pillar. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:22](../13/22.md). Alternate translation: “the cloud shaped like a pillar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1350	EXO	33	9	vam7	figs-explicit	would come down	Where it came down from can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “would come down from the sky” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1351	EXO	33	11	zrb8	figs-metaphor	Yahweh would speak to Moses face to face	Speaking directly rather than through dreams and visions, is spoken of as if Moses and God saw each other’s faces while they spoke. Alternate translation: “Yahweh would speak directly to Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1352	EXO	33	11	ika8		young man	Joshua was old enough to be a soldier, but he was much younger than Moses
1353	EXO	33	12	unz8		See	“Look!” or “Listen!” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
1354	EXO	33	12	w7fs	figs-idiom	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1355	EXO	33	12	a7jr	figs-idiom	you have also found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “I have evaluated you and approve” or “I am pleased with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1356	EXO	33	13	e6vv	figs-idiom	Now if I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing God’s evaluation. Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1357	EXO	33	13	zi7j		show me your ways	Possible meanings: 1) “show me what you are going to do in the future” or 2) “show me how people can do what pleases you.”
1358	EXO	33	14	gh8q	figs-metonymy	My own presence will go	God’s presence represents himself. Alternate translation: “I will go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1359	EXO	33	14	hl15	figs-you	go with you ... give you	The word “you” here refers to Moses. It is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1360	EXO	33	14	hc5n		I will give you rest	“I will let you rest”
1361	EXO	33	16	d36k		For otherwise	“For if your presence does not go with us”
1362	EXO	33	16	tu8e	figs-activepassive	how will it be known	This can be expressed with an active form. Alternate translation: how will people know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1363	EXO	33	16	cgl8	figs-rquestion	how will it be known ... people?	Moses used this question in order to emphasize that if God does not go with them, no one will know that Moses had found favor in God’s sight. Alternate translation: “no one will know ... people.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1364	EXO	33	16	u82a		Will it not only be if	“Will it not only be known if”
1365	EXO	33	17	aln2	figs-you	General Information:	When Yahweh uses the word “you” in this verse, it is singular and refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1366	EXO	33	17	ln7y	figs-idiom	you have found favor in my eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I am pleased with you” or “I approve of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1367	EXO	33	17	u2nv	figs-idiom	I know you by name	To know someone by name is to know them well. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “I know you well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1368	EXO	33	19	sx1a	figs-metonymy	I will make all my goodness pass before you	God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate translation: “I will move past you so that you may see my goodness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1369	EXO	33	21	s4iy		See	“Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.”
1370	EXO	33	23	fmu8		you will see my back	This is because Yahweh will be walking away from Moses.
1371	EXO	33	23	gw1n	figs-activepassive	but my face will not be seen	This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “but you will not see my face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1372	EXO	34	intro	smp6			# Exodus 34 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children”<br>This phrase does not mean that a child is necessarily punished for the sins of their parents. Many scholars believe that this passage indicates that a parent’s sins will have consequences that will affect their children and grandchildren. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br>
1373	EXO	34	1	s1kv		tablets of stone	“flat slabs of stone.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:18](../31/18.md)
1374	EXO	34	3	fk8z		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1375	EXO	34	3	ck6d	figs-metonymy	Do not let anyone else be seen anywhere on the mountain	Being seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate translation: “Do not let anyone else be anywhere on the mountain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1376	EXO	34	3	x3rx		No flocks or herds are even to graze in front of the mountain	“Even flocks or herds are not allowed to come near the mountain to eat.”
1377	EXO	34	5	sp7f		stood with Moses there	“stood with Moses on the mountain”
1378	EXO	34	5	r9ey	figs-metonymy	he pronounced the name “Yahweh.”	Possible meanings are 1) “he spoke the name ‘Yahweh.’” or 2) “he proclaimed who Yahweh is.” For the second meaning, “name” would represent who God is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1379	EXO	34	6	fz1q	figs-123person	Yahweh, Yahweh, God is merciful and gracious	God is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, am God, and I am merciful and gracious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1380	EXO	34	6	e1k3		abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	“always showing covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness”
1381	EXO	34	6	j7we	figs-abstractnouns	abounding in covenant faithfulness and trustworthiness	The abstract nouns “faithfulness” and “trustworthiness” can be stated as “faithful” and “trustworthy.” Alternate translation: “always being faithful to my covenant and always being trustworthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1382	EXO	34	7	lt2j	figs-abstractnouns	keeping covenant faithfulness for thousands of generations	The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 20:6](../20/06.md). Alternate translation: “faithfully loving thousands of generations” or “faithful to his covenant with thousands of generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1383	EXO	34	7	q7z8	figs-123person	But he will	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “But I will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1384	EXO	34	7	x397	figs-123person	he will by no means clear the guilty	Yahweh is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I will by no means clear the guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
1385	EXO	34	7	ts1b		will by no means clear the guilty	“will certainly not clear the guilty” or “will certainly not say that the guilty are innocent” or “will certainly not free guilty people”
1386	EXO	34	7	px85	figs-metaphor	He will bring the punishment for the fathers’ sin on their children	Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that someone could bring on people. Alternate translation: “He will punish the children for their fathers’ sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1387	EXO	34	7	c3tb	figs-metonymy	their children	The word “children” represents descendants. Alternate translation: “their descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1388	EXO	34	9	mh3a	figs-idiom	If now I have found favor in your eyes	Here “found favor” is an idiom that means be approved of or that God is pleased with Moses. Here “eyes” are a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. See how you translated this in [Exodus 33:12](../33/12.md). Alternate translation: “Now If you are pleased with me” or “Now if you approve of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1389	EXO	34	9	hw66	figs-doublet	our iniquity and our sin	The words “iniquity” and “sin” mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “all our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
1390	EXO	34	9	n6e5	figs-metaphor	take us as your inheritance	Something that someone possesses forever is spoken of as if it were something that they had inherited. Alternate translation: “take us as the people that you possess forever” or “accept us as the people who belong to you forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1391	EXO	34	10	zdq6	figs-you	your people	Here “your” refers to Moses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1392	EXO	34	10	bj1a	figs-idiom	it is a fearful thing that I am doing with you	A fearful thing is a thing that causes people to be afraid. In this case, people will fear God when they see what he does. Alternate translation: “what I do for you will cause people to fear me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1393	EXO	34	10	s7uz	figs-you	I am doing with you	Here “you” refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
1394	EXO	34	12	b459		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. Here he tells him what Moses and the people must do.
1395	EXO	34	12	lxz8	figs-metaphor	they will become a trap among you	People who tempt others to sin are spoken of as if they were a trap. Alternate translation: “they will tempt you to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1396	EXO	34	14	vmx2	figs-metonymy	Yahweh, whose name is Jealous	The word “Jealous” here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, always guard my honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1397	EXO	34	14	s5sd	figs-metonymy	whose name is Jealous,	The word “name” here represents God’s character. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, who am always jealous” or “I, Yahweh, am always jealous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1398	EXO	34	15	f1e3		Connecting Statement:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses how his people are to behave towards outsiders.
1399	EXO	34	15	gtd8	figs-metaphor	for they prostitute themselves to their gods	God speaks of people worshiping other gods as if they were prostitutes going to other men. Alternate translation: “for they worship other gods” or “because they worship other gods like prostitutes who go to other men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1400	EXO	34	15	bj2i	figs-explicit	you will eat some of his sacrifice	The consequence of eating food that is sacrificed to another god can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “you will eat some of his sacrifice and become guilty of worshiping his gods” or “and you will prostitute yourself to his god by eating some of his sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1401	EXO	34	18	s1rr		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1402	EXO	34	18	u5be	translate-numbers	seven days	“7 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1403	EXO	34	18	i5ck	translate-hebrewmonths	in the month of Aviv	This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated “Aviv” in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1404	EXO	34	19	ly7d		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1405	EXO	34	20	yz8x		buy back	Firstborn sons and firstborn donkeys belonged to Yahweh, but Yahweh did not want them sacrificed to Him. Instead, the Israelites were to sacrifice a lamb in their place. This allowed the Israelites to buy the donkeys and sons back from Yahweh.
1406	EXO	34	20	u2p5	figs-metonymy	No one may appear before me empty-handed	God speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate translation: “No one may come to me without an offering” or “Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1407	EXO	34	21	w9ed		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1408	EXO	34	21	swm8		Even at plowing time and in harvest	“Even when you are preparing the soil or gathering the crops”
1409	EXO	34	22	d13l		Festival of Ingathering	This festival was also known as the Festival of Shelters or the Festival of Booths. The idea came from the practice of the farmers living in temporary booths, or huts, out in the fields to guard the crop as it ripened. The word “Ingathering” means when they harvest their crop.
1410	EXO	34	23	zh58		General Information:	Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
1411	EXO	34	25	zx2v		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1412	EXO	34	25	e8v2	figs-explicit	the blood of my sacrifice	The fact that the blood is from an animal can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the blood of an animal that you sacrifice to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1413	EXO	34	25	k2f7	figs-explicit	with any yeast	The fact that any yeast would be in bread can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with bread that has yeast in it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1414	EXO	34	28	mm6l		Moses was there	“Moses was on the mountain”
1415	EXO	34	28	j9t4	translate-numbers	forty days	“40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1416	EXO	34	28	wt1c		for forty days and nights	“for forty days, both day and night”
1417	EXO	34	28	yun2		He wrote	“Moses wrote”
1418	EXO	34	29	d9zk		had become radiant	“had started to shine”
1419	EXO	34	31	jfb4		came up to him	“approached him” or “went to him.” They did not go up the mountain.
1420	EXO	34	32	kt23	figs-metaphor	all the commands that Yahweh had given him	Telling commands is spoken of as if the commands were objects that could be given. Alternate translation: “all the commands that Yahweh had told him” or “everything that Yahweh had commanded them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1421	EXO	34	34	fzm1		he would remove	“Moses would remove”
1422	EXO	34	34	m1sv	figs-activepassive	what he was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had commanded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1423	EXO	35	intro	lew9			# Exodus 35 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sacrifice<br>All of the people offered sacrifices to Yahweh. This was a form of worship and a sign of repentance from making the golden calf idol. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/worship]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br>
1424	EXO	35	2	c559	translate-ordinal	the seventh day	“day number seven” or “Saturday” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1425	EXO	35	2	zij9	figs-activepassive	Whoever does any work on that day must be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You must kill anyone who does work on that day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1426	EXO	35	4	jdb8		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1427	EXO	35	5	h5c8		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1428	EXO	35	5	n2c8		Take an offering for Yahweh	“Take up a collection for Yahweh”
1429	EXO	35	5	y2x6	figs-synecdoche	all of you who have a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person bringing the offering. Alternate translation: “everyone who is willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1430	EXO	35	6	r12v		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1431	EXO	35	7	nmv4		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1432	EXO	35	7	l5bq		ram skins dyed red and fine leather hides	See how you translated similar phrases in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
1433	EXO	35	8	ikm4		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1434	EXO	35	9	f1dd		General Information:	In Exodus 35:4-9, Moses tells the Israelites to make the things Yahweh commanded him in [Exodus 25:3-7](../25/03.md).
1435	EXO	35	10	c31r		General Information:	Moses continues telling the people what God commanded them to do.
1436	EXO	35	10	dc4b		Every skilled man	“Every man with a skill”
1437	EXO	35	11	j5t7		clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
1438	EXO	35	11	syn4		bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
1439	EXO	35	12	rj7s		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
1440	EXO	35	13	x3tl		They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
1441	EXO	35	13	l641		bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md).
1442	EXO	35	16	h116		bronze grate	This is a frame of crossed bronze bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated “grate” in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
1443	EXO	35	17	h8zl		hangings	These were large curtains made of cloth. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1444	EXO	35	17	x54f		posts	These were strong pieces of wood set upright and used as supports. See how you translated these in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
1445	EXO	35	17	xtm8		bases	These were blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
1446	EXO	35	18	n44r		tent pegs	sharp pieces of wood or metal used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
1447	EXO	35	19	x1pc		finely-woven garments	This was clothing made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
1448	EXO	35	20	w6rg	figs-metonymy	all the tribes of Israel	This refers to the people in the tribes. Alternate translation: “the people from all the tribes of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1449	EXO	35	21	b9wk	figs-synecdoche	whose heart stirred him up	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1450	EXO	35	21	be9z	figs-synecdoche	whom his spirit made willing	Here “spirit” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “who was willing” or “who wanted to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1451	EXO	35	22	mwx8	figs-synecdoche	all who had a willing heart	Here “heart” refers to the person. Alternate translation: “everyone who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1452	EXO	35	22	wwp2		brooches, earrings, rings, and ornaments	These are different kinds of jewelry.
1453	EXO	35	23	s3ky		Everyone who had ... brought them	For 35:23 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:4-5](../25/04.md).
1454	EXO	35	25	ebm5		blue, purple, or scarlet wool	Possible meanings are 1) “material that is dyed blue, purple, and scarlet,” probably wool yarn, or 2) “blue, purple and scarlet dye” to dye the linen. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 25:4](../25/04.md).
1455	EXO	35	26	k1gy	figs-synecdoche	whose hearts stirred them up	Here “hearts” refers to the women. The hearts of the women who responded to God are spoken of as if they were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1456	EXO	35	27	f13n		The leaders brought ... breastpiece	For 35:27 see how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:7](../25/07.md).
1457	EXO	35	28	h3a1		they brought spices ... fragrant incense	For 35:28 see how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md)
1458	EXO	35	29	li5z	figs-synecdoche	whose heart was willing	Here “heart” refers to the people. Alternate translation: “who was willing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1459	EXO	35	30	z1e2		Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur, from the tribe of Judah	See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md)
1460	EXO	35	31	gse9	figs-metaphor	He has filled Bezalel with his Spirit	God’s Spirit who gave Bezalel the ability to work is spoken of here as if he was something that filled up Bezalel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1461	EXO	35	31	zd74		filled Bezalel ... craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:3](../31/03.md)
1462	EXO	35	32	r7e3		to make artistic designs ... bronze	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:4](../31/04.md)
1463	EXO	35	33	fj6f		also to cut and set stones ... craftsmanship	See how you translated many similar words in [Exodus 31:5](../31/05.md)
1464	EXO	35	34	a1r8		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
1465	EXO	35	34	xd67	figs-synecdoche	He has put it in his heart to teach	Here “heart” refers to Bezalel. The ability to teach is spoken of as if it something that could be placed in a heart. Alternate translation: “He gave Bezalel the ability to teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1466	EXO	35	34	ab2z	translate-names	Oholiab son of Ahisamak, from the tribe of Dan	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated these names in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1467	EXO	35	35	rcv9	figs-metaphor	filled them with skill	Skill to create beautiful objects is spoken of as if it was something that could fill up a person. Alternate translation: “made them very skillful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1468	EXO	35	35	me14		engravers	a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal
1469	EXO	35	35	u7tf		embroiderers	people who sew designs into cloth
1470	EXO	35	35	r8zk		craftsmen	people who are skilled in making beautiful objects by hand
1471	EXO	35	35	cw3x		weavers	a person who creates cloth using thread
1472	EXO	35	35	a6c3		artistic designers	a person who creates beauty with materials
1473	EXO	36	intro	nz4n			# Exodus 36 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Tent of meeting<br>The tent of meeting, or tabernacle, mentioned in previous chapters is constructed in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br>
1474	EXO	36	1	ubk2		General Information:	Moses continues speaking to the people.
1475	EXO	36	1	ds99	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1476	EXO	36	1	tl5b	translate-names	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1477	EXO	36	1	tr3p	figs-metaphor	to whom Yahweh has given skill and ability	Here skill and ability are spoken of as if they are something that Yahweh can place inside a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1478	EXO	36	1	mdi4		according to all that Yahweh has commanded	“just as Yahweh has commanded”
1479	EXO	36	2	tgn2	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1480	EXO	36	2	wq6q	translate-names	Oholiab	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1481	EXO	36	2	tda7	figs-synecdoche	in whose mind Yahweh had given skill	Here “mind” refers to the person who was made skillful by Yahweh. Alternate translation: “to whom Yahweh had given skill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
1482	EXO	36	2	yuq8	figs-synecdoche	whose heart stirred within him	Here “heart” refers to the person. The heart that responded to God is spoken of as if it were water stirred up by a storm. Alternate translation: “who responded to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1483	EXO	36	5	tni7	figs-quotations	The craftsmen told Moses ... commanded us to do.”	The can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “The craftsmen told Moses that the people were bringing much more than enough for doing the work that Yahweh has commanded them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
1484	EXO	36	5	pd95		The craftsmen told Moses	“The men working on the sanctuary told Moses”
1485	EXO	36	8	kw33		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md).
1486	EXO	36	8	l7ub		ten curtains made from fine linen	These curtains are sheets of cloth woven and sewed together so that they can hang to form a wall or tent.
1487	EXO	36	8	s2hu	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1488	EXO	36	9	p2mr		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:2](../26/02.md).
1489	EXO	36	10	z6sq		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:3](../26/03.md).
1490	EXO	36	11	yw91		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:4](../26/04.md).
1491	EXO	36	11	qh6e		He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel, but it includes all the men working on the sanctuary.
1492	EXO	36	11	y7vq		loops of blue	loops of blue cloth
1493	EXO	36	11	i4ba		curtain	These were large, heavy sections of woven cloth that were used to form the covering and dividing walls of the tabernacle. See how you translated this in [Exodus 26:1](../26/01.md).
1494	EXO	36	12	k1qq		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:5](../26/05.md).
1495	EXO	36	13	z2zi		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
1496	EXO	36	13	j75x	translate-numbers	fifty gold clasps	“50 gold clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1497	EXO	36	14	m2ac		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:7](../26/07.md).
1498	EXO	36	14	us17	translate-numbers	made eleven	“made 11” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1499	EXO	36	15	fa6i		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:8](../26/08.md).
1500	EXO	36	15	ret8	translate-numbers	thirty cubits	“30 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1501	EXO	36	16	wwj6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:9](../26/09.md).
1502	EXO	36	17	qt9b		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:10](../26/10.md).
1503	EXO	36	17	jm1l	translate-numbers	fifty loops	“50 loops” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1504	EXO	36	18	mq1j		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:11](../26/11.md).
1505	EXO	36	18	a7mn	translate-numbers	fifty bronze clasps	“50 bronze clasps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1506	EXO	36	19	p3ke		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:14](../26/14.md).
1507	EXO	36	20	t739		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:15](../26/15.md).
1508	EXO	36	21	prx5		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:16](../26/16.md).
1509	EXO	36	21	gci3	translate-bdistance	ten cubits ... one and a half cubits	“10 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1510	EXO	36	22	l8yx		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:17](../26/17.md).
1511	EXO	36	22	vq4m		two wooden pegs for joining	A wooden peg is a small piece of wood sticking out beyond the end of the board so it can be secured.
1512	EXO	36	23	ev65		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:18](../26/18.md).
1513	EXO	36	24	ln2x		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:19](../26/19.md).
1514	EXO	36	24	u5ue	translate-numbers	forty silver bases	“40 silver bases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1515	EXO	36	24	yx4b	translate-numbers	twenty frames	“20 frames” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1516	EXO	36	25	w2wz		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:20](../26/20.md).
1517	EXO	36	26	gbm9		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:21](../26/21.md).
1518	EXO	36	26	b9dy		and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
1519	EXO	36	27	a7js		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:22](../26/22.md).
1520	EXO	36	27	m6ue		on the west	on the side that is on the west
1521	EXO	36	28	hw9c		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:23](../26/23.md).
1522	EXO	36	28	ma1f		for the back corners	for the corners at the rear of the tabernacle
1523	EXO	36	29	u396		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:24](../26/24.md).
1524	EXO	36	30	mu5n		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:25](../26/25.md).
1525	EXO	36	30	zls4	translate-numbers	sixteen bases in all	“16 bases in all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1526	EXO	36	30	r252		and so on	There will be two bases under each and every frame.
1527	EXO	36	31	cf2p		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:26](../26/26.md).
1528	EXO	36	32	p4wd		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:27](../26/27.md).
1529	EXO	36	32	tc6s		to the west	on the west side
1530	EXO	36	33	h94y		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:28](../26/28.md).
1531	EXO	36	33	lk9f		from end to end	from one side of the tabernacle to the other side
1532	EXO	36	34	i17v		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:29](../26/29.md).
1533	EXO	36	35	pfc5		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:31](../26/31.md).
1534	EXO	36	36	hg2q		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:32](../26/32.md).
1535	EXO	36	37	r5ya		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:36](../26/36.md).
1536	EXO	36	37	vv61		He made	Here “he” refers to Bezalel and those working for him. “Bezalel and his men made”
1537	EXO	36	37	neu2		a hanging	a curtain
1538	EXO	36	38	pr67		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 26:37](../26/37.md).
1539	EXO	37	intro	mt99			# Exodus 37 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The ark of the covenant<br>The ark, mentioned in previous chapters, is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br>
1540	EXO	37	1	byr3		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:10](../25/10.md).
1541	EXO	37	1	xz1t	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1542	EXO	37	1	ps6e	translate-bdistance	two and a half cubits ... one cubit and a half	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1543	EXO	37	2	kb3s		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:11](../25/11.md).
1544	EXO	37	3	pb6v		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:12](../25/12.md).
1545	EXO	37	3	ut8d	figs-metaphor	its four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1546	EXO	37	4	nr8y		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:13](../25/13.md).
1547	EXO	37	4	n9kr		He made	Though “he” refers to Bezalel, “he” may include all of the workers who assisted him.
1548	EXO	37	5	v9j7		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:14](../25/14.md).
1549	EXO	37	6	liw8		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
1550	EXO	37	6	ba8a	translate-bdistance	two and a half cubits ... one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.5 cubits ... 1.5 cubits” or “115 centimeters ... 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1551	EXO	37	7	nhi3		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:18](../25/18.md).
1552	EXO	37	8	g96y		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:19](../25/19.md).
1553	EXO	37	8	y13s	figs-activepassive	They were made as one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made them as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1554	EXO	37	9	e6na		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:20](../25/20.md).
1555	EXO	37	9	r7nm	figs-personification	The cherubim spread out their wings upward and overshadowed	Bezalel placed the statues of the cherubim as if they were real cherubim which were spreading their wings and overshadowing the atonement lid. Alternate translation: “They placed the winged creatures so that their wings touched each other and spread out over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
1556	EXO	37	9	zsq1		The cherubim faced one another and looked toward	“The faces of the cherubim were towards each other, and they looked toward”
1557	EXO	37	10	ktf8		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:23](../25/23.md).
1558	EXO	37	10	fnt3	translate-bdistance	two cubits ... one cubit ... one and a half cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2 cubits ... 1 cubit ... 1.5 cubits” or “92 centimeters ... 46 centimeters ... 69 centimeters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1559	EXO	37	11	l2kv		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:24](../25/24.md).
1560	EXO	37	12	i1ba		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:25](../25/25.md).
1561	EXO	37	12	j4iq	translate-bdistance	handbreadth	This was the width of a man’s hand with fingers spread out. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1562	EXO	37	13	b56c		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:26](../25/26.md).
1563	EXO	37	13	k69z	figs-metaphor	the four feet	These four pieces of wood that supported the ark are spoken of as if they were human or animal feet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1564	EXO	37	14	tc3u		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:27](../25/27.md).
1565	EXO	37	14	b3ma	figs-activepassive	The rings were attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel attached the rings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1566	EXO	37	15	zkr8		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:28](../25/28.md).
1567	EXO	37	16	h598		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:29](../25/29.md).
1568	EXO	37	16	ui2r	figs-explicit	dishes, spoons, the bowls, and pitchers to be used to pour out the offerings	It is only the bowls and pitchers that are used to pour out the offerings. Alternate translation: “plates and cups, and also the jars and bowls which the priests will use for pouring out the offerings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1569	EXO	37	17	edx6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
1570	EXO	37	17	wp6l		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1571	EXO	37	17	s977	figs-activepassive	Its cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers were all made of one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the cups, its leafy bases, and its flowers as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1572	EXO	37	18	kuh2		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:32](../25/32.md).
1573	EXO	37	19	g1y9		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:33](../25/33.md).
1574	EXO	37	19	j6vz	figs-activepassive	three cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he made the 3 cups look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1575	EXO	37	19	cbe6		almond blossoms	An almond blossom is a white or pink flower with five petals that grows on an almond tree.
1576	EXO	37	20	nl54		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:34](../25/34.md).
1577	EXO	37	20	bx63	figs-activepassive	there were four cups made like almond blossoms	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “there were 4 cups which Bezalel made to look like almond blossoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1578	EXO	37	21	x1u5		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:35](../25/35.md).
1579	EXO	37	21	v3c2	figs-activepassive	made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which he made as one piece with the lampstand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1580	EXO	37	22	ks9z		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:36](../25/36.md).
1581	EXO	37	23	b2jq		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:37-38](../25/37.md).
1582	EXO	37	23	r4y1		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1583	EXO	37	23	njx7		tongs	This is a tool made from two sticks of wood or metal connected at one end and used for picking up objects.
1584	EXO	37	24	uz5h		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 25:39](../25/39.md).
1585	EXO	37	24	arz1	translate-bweight	one talent	“33 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1586	EXO	37	25	el8w		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:1-2](../30/01.md).
1587	EXO	37	25	li9d		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1588	EXO	37	25	c8mg	translate-bdistance	cubit	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1589	EXO	37	25	xq8k	figs-activepassive	Its horns were made as one piece with it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece with the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1590	EXO	37	26	ep66		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:3](../30/03.md).
1591	EXO	37	27	zez2		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:4](../30/04.md).
1592	EXO	37	27	d2v9		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1593	EXO	37	27	p89d	figs-activepassive	to be attached to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they attached to the altar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1594	EXO	37	28	hw37		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:5](../30/05.md).
1595	EXO	37	29	c992		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 30:25](../30/25.md).
1596	EXO	37	29	z685		fragrant incense	See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:6](../25/06.md).
1597	EXO	37	29	akg9		the work of a perfumer	A perfumer is skilled in mixing spices and oils.
1598	EXO	38	intro	hp86			# Exodus 38 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The altar<br>The altar is constructed in this chapter. There are other furnishings of the tabernacle that are also produced in this chapter. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br><br>### Materials<br>The list of materials being used is intended to give the reader an understanding of the scale of the tabernacle. It should fill the reader with awe concerning the power of Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
1599	EXO	38	1	r81c		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:1](../27/01.md).
1600	EXO	38	1	gk19		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1601	EXO	38	1	g5ex	translate-bdistance	cubits	One cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1602	EXO	38	2	g71x		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:2](../27/02.md).
1603	EXO	38	2	se9l	figs-activepassive	The horns were made of one piece	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He made the horns as one piece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1604	EXO	38	3	v73t		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:3](../27/03.md).
1605	EXO	38	4	rx7v		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md) and [Exodus 27:5](../27/05.md).
1606	EXO	38	4	nb1q		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1607	EXO	38	4	g5rb	figs-activepassive	to be placed under the ledge	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which they placed under the ledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1608	EXO	38	5	kp6w		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
1609	EXO	38	6	l258		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:6](../27/06.md).
1610	EXO	38	6	ihi9		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1611	EXO	38	7	ys63		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:7-8](../27/07.md).
1612	EXO	38	7	wa8g		planks	a long, flat piece of wood that is thicker than a board
1613	EXO	38	8	tqi9		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1614	EXO	38	8	e6gd		large bronze basin with a bronze stand	The stand supported the bronze basin. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:18](../30/18.md).
1615	EXO	38	8	mdx9	figs-explicit	He made the basin out of mirrors	The bronze came from the mirrors. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “The bronze for the basin came from the mirrors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1616	EXO	38	8	e1wq		mirrors	A mirror is a piece of polished metal or glass that reflects an image.
1617	EXO	38	9	clk6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:9](../27/09.md).
1618	EXO	38	9	j2nq		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1619	EXO	38	9	i24a	translate-numbers	one hundred	“100” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1620	EXO	38	9	su7e	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1621	EXO	38	10	nz6q		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:10](../27/10.md).
1622	EXO	38	10	x9jn	translate-numbers	twenty	“20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1623	EXO	38	11	mp6n		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:11](../27/11.md).
1624	EXO	38	11	kl3h	translate-numbers	one hundred ... twenty	“100 ... 20” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1625	EXO	38	11	xl4c	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1626	EXO	38	12	g5iz		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:12](../27/12.md).
1627	EXO	38	12	vuw5	translate-numbers	fifty ... ten	“50 ... 10” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1628	EXO	38	13	iju3		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:13](../27/13.md).
1629	EXO	38	13	fw1k	translate-numbers	fifty	“50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1630	EXO	38	13	jl57	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1631	EXO	38	14	n1xj		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:14](../27/14.md).
1632	EXO	38	14	b85e	translate-numbers	fifteen ... three	“15 ... 3” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1633	EXO	38	15	dlq7		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:15](../27/15.md).
1634	EXO	38	16	s5zf	figs-activepassive	All the hangings around the courtyard were made of fine linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made all the hangings around the courtyard with fine linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1635	EXO	38	17	s5g5		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:17](../27/17.md).
1636	EXO	38	17	r7g6	figs-activepassive	The bases for the posts were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Bezalel and the workers made the bases for the posts out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1637	EXO	38	17	va1m	figs-activepassive	The hooks and rods for the posts were made of silver, and the covering for the tops of the posts was also made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the hooks, the rods for the posts, and the covering for the tops of the posts out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1638	EXO	38	17	i3bf	figs-activepassive	All the courtyard posts were covered with silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They covered the courtyard posts with silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1639	EXO	38	18	hmi5		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:16](../27/16.md).
1640	EXO	38	18	h4ki	translate-numbers	twenty ... five	“20 ... 5” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1641	EXO	38	18	yf6z	translate-bdistance	cubits	A cubit is 46 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1642	EXO	38	18	trz5	figs-activepassive	The curtain was made of	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the curtain out of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1643	EXO	38	19	fjw4		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:17](../27/17.md).
1644	EXO	38	19	kqf3	translate-numbers	four	“4” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1645	EXO	38	19	a2ix	figs-activepassive	The covering for their tops and its rods were made of silver	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made the covering for the tops of the posts and their rods out of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1646	EXO	38	20	ye5c		General Information	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
1647	EXO	38	20	p55d	figs-activepassive	All the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard were made of bronze	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They made all of the tent pegs for the tabernacle and courtyard out of bronze” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1648	EXO	38	21	wqi5		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1649	EXO	38	21	k2ex	figs-activepassive	as it was taken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which Moses instructed the Levites to write down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1650	EXO	38	21	ex1t	translate-names	Ithamar	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [Exodus 6:23](../06/23.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1651	EXO	38	22	d86g	translate-names	Bezalel son of Uri son of Hur	“Bezalel” and “uri” are the name of men. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1652	EXO	38	22	i4ha		Yahweh had commanded Moses	“everything that Yahweh told Moses to do”
1653	EXO	38	23	f93b	translate-names	Oholiab son of Ahisamak	“Oholiab” and “Ahisamak” are names of men. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:6](../31/06.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1654	EXO	38	23	wvw4		an engraver, as a skillful workman, and as an embroiderer	“as a skilled engraver and embroiderer”
1655	EXO	38	24	tl4k	figs-activepassive	All the gold that was used for the project	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All the gold that the people used for the project” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1656	EXO	38	24	y7hy	translate-numbers	twenty-nine talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “29 talents” or “about 960 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1657	EXO	38	24	tg3f	translate-numbers	730 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “seven hundred and thirty shekels” or “about 8 kilograms.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1658	EXO	38	24	f6sq	translate-bweight	measured by the standard of the sanctuary shekel	There were evidently shekels of more than one weight at the time. This specified which one was to be used. See how you translated this in [Exodus 30:13](../30/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1659	EXO	38	25	ni5b	translate-numbers	one hundred talents	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “100 talents” or “about 330 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1660	EXO	38	25	gn9f	translate-numbers	1,775 shekels	A shekel is 11 grams. “one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” or “about 20 kilograms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1661	EXO	38	25	egg4	figs-activepassive	The silver given by the community	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The silver which the community gave” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1662	EXO	38	26	t2gi	translate-bweight	one beka	A beka is 1/2 a shekel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1663	EXO	38	26	fyy5	translate-bweight	half a shekel	A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “1/2 a shekel” or “five and a half grams” or “5 1/2 grams” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction]])
1664	EXO	38	26	ll8b		This figure was reached on the basis of every person who was counted in the census	Every man who was 20 years old or older was included in the census and was required to give half a shekel.
1665	EXO	38	26	c69c	translate-numbers	twenty years old	“20 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1666	EXO	38	27	p7r5	translate-bweight	One hundred talents of silver were cast	A talent is about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “The workers cast 100 talents of silver” or “The workers cast 3,300 kilograms of silver” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1667	EXO	38	27	n8z7	translate-numbers	One hundred talents	“100 talents” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1668	EXO	38	28	k2fi	translate-numbers	1,775 shekels	“one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1669	EXO	38	28	ii3y	translate-bmoney	shekels	A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
1670	EXO	38	28	nxf5	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1671	EXO	38	29	p3mr	translate-numbers	seventy talents and 2,400 shekels	“70 talents and two thousand four hundred shekels.” This would be about 2,300 kilograms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
1672	EXO	38	30	zfk8		General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to build the tabernacle and furniture.
1673	EXO	38	30	rck7		grate	This is a frame of crossed bars for holding wood when burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
1674	EXO	38	31	bvr9		tent pegs	These are sharp bronze stakes that were used to secure the corners of a tent to the ground. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:19](../27/19.md).
1675	EXO	39	intro	mll6			# Exodus 39 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The holy clothing<br>The special, holy clothing mentioned in previous chapters is produced in this chapter to the correct specifications. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])<br>
1676	EXO	39	1	s66r		General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew shifts to making the priestly garments.
1677	EXO	39	1	ys6l		they made	The word “they” refers to Bezalel, Oholiab, and the other workmen.
1678	EXO	39	1	h8kg		as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do”
1679	EXO	39	2	b9mg		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:6](../28/06.md).
1680	EXO	39	2	ain4		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1681	EXO	39	2	p5xy	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1682	EXO	39	4	c7lu		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:7](../28/07.md).
1683	EXO	39	4	pq62		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1684	EXO	39	5	g75w		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
1685	EXO	39	5	wf2i	figs-activepassive	it was made of one piece with the ephod, made of fine twined linen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they made it as one piece with the ephod with fine twisted linen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1686	EXO	39	5	cc56		as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md).
1687	EXO	39	6	k7vw		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:9](../28/09.md) and [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
1688	EXO	39	6	h1bz		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1689	EXO	39	6	naa8		signet	This was an engraved stone that was used to stamp a design in a wax seal. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:11](../28/11.md).
1690	EXO	39	6	ajh3	translate-numbers	twelve sons	“12 sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
1691	EXO	39	7	ize6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:12](../28/12.md).
1692	EXO	39	7	d24m		as Yahweh had commanded Moses	“just as Yahweh told Moses to do.” See how you translated this phrase in [Exodus 39:1](../39/01.md).
1693	EXO	39	8	mlf6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:15](../28/15.md).
1694	EXO	39	8	gj9p		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1695	EXO	39	8	k7b6		He made	“Bezalel made” or “Bezalel and the workers made”
1696	EXO	39	9	lkt1		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:16](../28/16.md).
1697	EXO	39	9	f4ms	translate-bdistance	span	A span is 23 centimeters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
1698	EXO	39	10	xzb8		General Information:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1699	EXO	39	10	m54c		They set in it	“The workers set in the breastpiece”
1700	EXO	39	10	cmv1	translate-unknown	ruby, a topaz, and a garnet	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:17](../28/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1701	EXO	39	11	qx96	translate-unknown	an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:18](../28/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1702	EXO	39	12	kk8t	translate-unknown	a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:19](../28/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1703	EXO	39	13	l9wa	translate-unknown	a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper	Some languages may not have words for each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable and different from one another. See how you translated these in [Exodus 28:20](../28/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
1704	EXO	39	13	h3bw	figs-activepassive	The stones were mounted in gold settings	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They mounted the stones in gold settings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1705	EXO	39	14	z5va		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:21](../28/21.md).
1706	EXO	39	14	a9bw		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1707	EXO	39	14	yby8	figs-activepassive	The stones were arranged	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The workers arranged the stones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1708	EXO	39	15	byz8		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:22](../28/22.md).
1709	EXO	39	16	b8m6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:23-24](../28/23.md).
1710	EXO	39	17	w2s4		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:24](../28/24.md).
1711	EXO	39	17	v4i5		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1712	EXO	39	17	lc2x		two braided chains	“chains that are made of pure gold and are braided like cords.” See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:14](../28/14.md).
1713	EXO	39	18	bw76		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:25](../28/25.md).
1714	EXO	39	19	nd41		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:26](../28/26.md).
1715	EXO	39	19	del5		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1716	EXO	39	20	w8wz		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:27](../28/27.md).
1717	EXO	39	20	l1dz		finely-woven waistband	This was a cloth belt made from narrow linen threads that someone twisted together to make a stronger thread. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:8](../28/08.md).
1718	EXO	39	21	zu91		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:28](../28/28.md).
1719	EXO	39	21	uq61		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1720	EXO	39	21	h1yb	figs-activepassive	so that it might be attached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so they could attach it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1721	EXO	39	21	scn8	figs-doublenegatives	the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod	The double negative can be translated as a positive. Alternate translation: “the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
1722	EXO	39	22	vdw1		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:31-32](../28/31.md).
1723	EXO	39	22	n25q		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1724	EXO	39	22	p8nv	translate-names	Bezalel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Exodus 31:2](../31/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1725	EXO	39	23	cyc1		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:32](../28/32.md).
1726	EXO	39	24	eak6		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:33](../28/33.md).
1727	EXO	39	25	sx9b		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
1728	EXO	39	25	f8t3		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments as commanded in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
1729	EXO	39	25	x1ww		bells of pure gold	These were tiny bells.
1730	EXO	39	26	gtg5		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:34-35](../28/34.md).
1731	EXO	39	27	pz63		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:39](../28/39.md).
1732	EXO	39	27	rp6p		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments.
1733	EXO	39	28	um4e		turban	This is a head covering worn by men made of a long strip of cloth wound around the head. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md).
1734	EXO	39	28	jex8		headbands	A headband is a narrow, decorative strip of cloth that is worn around the head above the eyes. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:40](../28/40.md).
1735	EXO	39	28	c4pr	figs-explicit	undergarments	This is clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin. See how you translated this in [Exodus 28:42](../28/42.md). Alternate translation: “underwear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1736	EXO	39	29	hn5g		sash	This is a long piece of cloth worn over the shoulder or around the waist. See how you translated this word in [Exodus 28:4](../28/04.md)
1737	EXO	39	30	kq33		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:36](../28/36.md).
1738	EXO	39	30	m6jj		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to make the priestly garments..
1739	EXO	39	30	d85k		holy crown	This was an engraved crown made of pure gold. See how you translated this in [Exodus 29:6](../29/06.md).
1740	EXO	39	31	fml2		General Information:	See how you translated many of these words in [Exodus 28:37](../28/37.md).
1741	EXO	39	32	jh64		General Information:	The Israelites finish making the things Yahweh commanded in [Exodus 35:4-9](../35/04.md) and [Exodus 35:10-12](../35/10.md).
1742	EXO	39	32	z1z7	figs-doublet	So the work on the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished. The people of Israel did everything	The “tabernacle” and “tent of meeting” are the same thing. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people of Israel finished all of the work on the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1743	EXO	39	33	y9ym		clasps	The clasps fit into the loops to hold the curtains together. See how you translated these in [Exodus 26:6](../26/06.md).
1744	EXO	39	33	b3q3		bases	These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:31](../25/31.md).
1745	EXO	39	34	z6r6		the covering of ram skins dyed red, the covering of fine leather	See how you translated similar phrases in this in [Exodus 25:5](../25/05.md).
1746	EXO	39	35	i7d9		atonement lid	This is the lid that sits on top of the ark where the atonement offering was made. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:17](../25/17.md).
1747	EXO	39	36	lvq3		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
1748	EXO	39	36	knn8		bread of the presence	This bread represented the presence of God. See how you translated this in [Exodus 25:30](../25/30.md).
1749	EXO	39	39	e755		grate	This is a frame of crossed bars that held wood while burning. See how you translated this in [Exodus 27:4](../27/04.md).
1750	EXO	39	40	i8lm		Connecting Statement:	Bezalel’s work crew continues to present all that they made to Moses.
1751	EXO	39	40	m3x9		They brought	“The people of Israel brought”
1752	EXO	39	40	ajt4		the tabernacle, the tent of meeting	These refer to the same place.
1753	EXO	39	42	ct6k		Thus the people	“And so the people”
1754	EXO	39	43	t26m		behold	The word “behold” here draws attention to the information that follows.
1755	EXO	39	43	z79s		As Yahweh had commanded, in that way they did it	“They did it in the way that Yahweh had commanded them”
1756	EXO	40	intro	fa6e			# Exodus 40 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is repetitive and should read as a series of instructions. It is repeated as well to show that Moses was obedient to every detail of Yahweh’s command.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Yahweh’s glory filled the tabernacle”<br>This phrase indicates that Yahweh began to dwell within the tabernacle, among Israel, in a special way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/tabernacle]])<br>
1757	EXO	40	2	crr5	translate-hebrewmonths	the first day of the first month of the new year	The new year marks the time when God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1758	EXO	40	3	iv52		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1759	EXO	40	3	l7fp		place the ark of the testimony in it	“place the ark of the covenant decrees in the sacred chest”
1760	EXO	40	3	psu3		shield the ark with the curtain	“put the ark behind the curtain”
1761	EXO	40	5	n4wx		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1762	EXO	40	5	a4xe		ark of the testimony	This refers to the “sacred chest.”
1763	EXO	40	8	zfl6		General Information:	Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.
1764	EXO	40	9	ce7i		all its furnishings	“all the things that are a part of it”
1765	EXO	40	12	yiq8		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1766	EXO	40	12	j7ea		You are to bring	Moses will do these things himself.
1767	EXO	40	13	bs4j	figs-activepassive	that are set apart to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that you have set apart to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1768	EXO	40	14	w7yw		General Information:	Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
1769	EXO	40	15	js17		throughout their people’s generations	“through all the generations of their descendants.” See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 12:14](../12/14.md).
1770	EXO	40	17	r6pc	figs-activepassive	So the tabernacle was set up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So the people set up the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1771	EXO	40	17	gzu5	translate-hebrewmonths	the first day of the first month	This refers to exactly one year after God rescued his people from Egypt. This happens around the middle of March on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 40:2](../40/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1772	EXO	40	17	wnh8	translate-ordinal	in the second year	This is the second year after Yahweh brought his people out of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
1773	EXO	40	18	kk4n	figs-explicit	Moses set up	Moses was the leader. The people helped him set up the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1774	EXO	40	18	c6rm		posts	a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support
1775	EXO	40	21	l31p		He brought	Moses was the leader. He had workers helping him.
1776	EXO	40	21	n8r9		for it to shield	“in front of”
1777	EXO	40	24	sw1w	figs-explicit	He put the lampstand into the tent of meeting	Moses instructed his workers to move the lampstand. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “Moses’ workmen set the lampstand inside the sacred tent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1778	EXO	40	26	i5gg	figs-explicit	in front of the curtain	This curtain separated the holy place from the very holy place. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “in front of the curtain that separated the holy place from the very holy place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1779	EXO	40	31	bf9c	figs-explicit	washed their hands and their feet from the basin	They washed with water from the basin. This can be stated clearly in the translation. Alternate translation: “washed their hands and their feet with water from the basin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1780	EXO	40	33	y62k		In this way	“And so”
1781	EXO	40	34	ysd8		Yahweh’s glory filled	“Yahweh’s awesome presence filled”
1782	EXO	40	36	ak35	figs-activepassive	was taken up from over	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “rose up from” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1783	EXO	40	37	s8y2	figs-activepassive	that it was lifted up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when it rose up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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