VGM_vn_tn/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv

1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	RUT	1	1	m9nl		בִּ​ימֵי֙ שְׁפֹ֣ט הַ​שֹּׁפְטִ֔ים	1	in the days when the judges ruled	during the time when judges led and governed Israel
3	RUT	1	2	e53a		אֶפְרָתִ֔ים מִ​ בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה	1	Ephrathites of Bethlehem of Judah	They were people from the tribe of Ephraim who settled at Bethlehem in the region of Judea.
4	RUT	1	3	rxb1		הִ֖יא וּ​שְׁנֵ֥י בָנֶֽי​הָ׃	1	she was left with her two sons	Naomi had only her two sons with her
5	RUT	1	4	k7y9		מֹֽאֲבִיּ֔וֹת	1	from the women of Moab	Naomi's sons married women who were from the tribe of Moab. The Moabites worshiped other gods.
6	RUT	1	4	aee6		שֵׁ֤ם הָֽ​אַחַת֙ ... וְ​שֵׁ֥ם הַ​שֵּׁנִ֖י	1	the name of one ... the name of the other	the name of one woman ... the name of the other woman
7	RUT	1	4	rt4c		כְּ​עֶ֥שֶׂר שָׁנִֽים׃	1	ten years	Ten years after Elimelek and Naomi came to the country of Moab, their sons Mahlon and Kilion died.
8	RUT	1	5	dbr3			0	leaving Naomi	Naomi was widowed.
9	RUT	1	6	ser2			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
10	RUT	1	6	v86z			0	had helped his people in need	God saw their need and provided good harvests for them.
11	RUT	1	6	u9q2			0	daughters-in-law	the women who married Naomi's sons
12	RUT	1	8	hsf7			0	your mother's house	to the home of each of your mothers
13	RUT	1	8	hh5j			0	shown kindness	demonstrated that you are loyal
14	RUT	1	9	v2vx	figs-metonymy		0	in the house of another husband	with their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physical house that belongs to the husband, and to the protection from shame by being married. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
15	RUT	1	9	t69w	figs-idiom		0	they raised their voices and cried	To raise the voice is an idiom for speaking loudly. The daughters cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
16	RUT	1	14	n47v	figs-idiom		0	lifted up their voices and cried	This means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
17	RUT	1	15	ld6g			0	Listen, your sister-in-law	Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important, your sister-in-law
18	RUT	1	15	man4			0	her gods	Before Orpah and Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshiped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they began to worship Naomi's God.
19	RUT	1	16	z5ug			0	where you stay	where you live
20	RUT	1	17	lql7	figs-idiom		0	Where you die, I will die	This refers to Ruth's desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same place and town as Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
21	RUT	1	18	rsq2			0	she stopped arguing with her	Naomi stopped arguing with Ruth
22	RUT	1	19	xnb3			0	Is this Naomi?	Since it has been many years since Naomi lived in Bethlehem and no longer has her husband and two sons, it is likely the women were expressing doubt as to if this woman was actually Naomi. Treat as a real question, not rhetorical.
23	RUT	1	21	n9zc			0	I went out full, but Yahweh has brought me home again empty	When Naomi left Bethlehem, her husband and two sons were living, and she was happy. Naomi blames Yahweh for the death of her husband and sons, saying that he has caused her to return to Bethlehem without them, and now she is bitter and unhappy.
24	RUT	1	21	jqx5			0	condemned me	judged me guilty
25	RUT	2	1	t2sn	writing-background		0	Now Naomi had a relative of her husband	This phrase introduces new information before the story continues. Your language may have a way to introduce new information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
26	RUT	2	2	am6a			0	Ruth, the Moabite woman	Here the story resumes. You need to see how your language restarts a story after a break.
27	RUT	2	2	c7rk			0	the Moabite woman	This is another way of saying the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab.
28	RUT	2	2	ed93			0	daughter	Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother. Make sure it is possible in your language to use this word for someone who is not an actual daughter.
29	RUT	2	3	ht73			0	She happened to come	Ruth was not aware that the field she picked to glean in belonged to Naomi's relative Boaz.
30	RUT	2	4	q1lv			0	came from Bethlehem	The fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem.
31	RUT	2	5	a5ht			0	What man does this young woman belong to?	Possible meanings are 1) Boaz was asking about Ruth's husband or 2) Boaz was asking about Ruth's parents or current guardians.
32	RUT	2	8	ke9b	figs-idiom		0	my daughter	This was a kind way of addressing a younger woman. Ruth was not the actual daughter of Boaz, so make sure the translation of this does not make it sound like she was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
33	RUT	2	9	v5e4			0	not to touch you	Possible meanings are 1) the men were not to harm Ruth or 2) the men were not to stop her from gleaning in his field.
34	RUT	2	9	ahr7			0	the water that the men have drawn	To draw water means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage vessel.
35	RUT	2	10	az6y			0	she bowed down before Boaz, touching her face to the ground	These are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
36	RUT	2	10	ug7p			0	Why have I found such favor ... a foreigner?	Ruth is asking a real question.
37	RUT	2	11	r44n	figs-metonymy		0	to come to a people	Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
38	RUT	2	12	s2vm			0	for your deed	This is an act of faith, choosing to live with Naomi in Bethlehem and trusting Naomi's God.
39	RUT	2	13	zc5n			0	I am not one of your female servants	Possible meanings are 1) Ruth was not one of Boaz's female servants or 2) Ruth did not think her marriage to Naomi's son granted her any privilege in Bethlehem.
40	RUT	2	14	yht2			0	At mealtime	This refers to the noontime meal.
41	RUT	2	14	p256			0	dip your morsel in the wine vinegar	This was a simple meal eaten in the field. People would sit on the ground around a cloth that had a bowl of wine vinegar on it and plates of broken bread. They would dip their bread in the vinegar bowl to wet it and add flavor before they ate it.
42	RUT	2	14	xr6s			0	wine vinegar	a sauce that bread was dipped in. The Israelites further fermented some of their wine to make vinegar.
43	RUT	2	15	rct9			0	As she got up	As she stood up
44	RUT	2	17	h3ap			0	beat out	She separated the edible part of the grain from the hull and stalk, which is thrown away.
45	RUT	2	17	rdx2	figs-idiom		0	ears of grain	This refers to the eatable part of the grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
46	RUT	2	18	etn8	figs-explicit		0	She lifted it up and went into the city	It is implied that Ruth carried the grain home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
47	RUT	2	18	r6sz			0	her mother-in-law saw	Naomi saw
48	RUT	2	19	bg28	figs-parallelism		0	Where have you gleaned today? Where did you go to work?	Naomi said almost the same thing in two different ways to show that she was very interested in knowing what had happened to Ruth that day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
49	RUT	2	20	p8km			0	he be blessed by Yahweh	Naomi is asking God to reward Boaz for his kindness to Ruth and herself.
50	RUT	2	20	cyy2	figs-parallelism		0	near of kin to us, one of our kinsman-redeemers	The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
51	RUT	2	20	zu5f			0	kinsman-redeemers	A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative who could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery.
52	RUT	2	21	g585			0	keep close to my young men	Boaz was referring to the physical protection his men can provide her.
53	RUT	2	22	f2tw			0	go out with	work with
54	RUT	2	22	bcc4			0	come to harm	Possible meanings are 1) other workers might abuse Ruth or try to seize her and sleep with her or 2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning until the end of the harvest.
55	RUT	2	23	e2vq			0	she stayed close	Ruth worked in Boaz's fields with his workers during the day, so she would be safe.
56	RUT	2	23	a7qp			0	She lived with her mother-in-law	Ruth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night.
57	RUT	3	1	r7ar			0	mother-in-law	Naomi is the mother of Ruth's dead husband.
58	RUT	3	1	f1uc			0	My daughter	Ruth became Naomi's daughter by marrying her son and further by her actions in caring for Naomi after returning to Bethlehem.
59	RUT	3	1	uw2p	figs-metaphor		0	a place for you to rest	Possible meanings are 1) literally in finding a house for her to live in or 2) figuratively in finding a husband to care for her. Naomi probably had both senses in mind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
60	RUT	3	2	nd8v			0	Look	This term indicates that the following statement is very important.
61	RUT	3	2	ms25			0	winnowing	To winnow means to separate grain from the unwanted chaff by tossing both the grain and chaff into the air, allowing the wind to blow the chaff away.
62	RUT	3	3	ru6z			0	anoint yourself	This is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, much as women put on perfume today.
63	RUT	3	3	e92h	figs-idiom		0	go down to the threshing floor	This refers to leaving the city and heading to the threshing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
64	RUT	3	4	ln1m	translate-symaction		0	uncover his feet	This means to remove the cloak or blanket covering his feet so that they would be exposed to the cold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
65	RUT	3	4	l4we			0	lie down there	lie down at his feet
66	RUT	3	4	w1u5			0	Then he will tell you what to do	The specific custom of that time is unclear, but this is usually understood as a culturally acceptable way for a woman to tell a man that she was willing to marry him. Boaz would understand the custom and accept or reject her offer.
67	RUT	3	4	nn4g			0	Then he will	When he wakes up, he will
68	RUT	3	7	eq2u			0	uncovered his feet	removed his blanket from his feet
69	RUT	3	7	pb6l			0	lay down	lay down at his feet
70	RUT	3	8	pz92			0	It came about	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
71	RUT	3	8	qsm2			0	at midnight	in the middle of the night
72	RUT	3	8	xun6			0	was startled	It is not clear what startled Boaz. Perhaps he suddenly felt the cold air on his feet.
73	RUT	3	8	c23j	figs-idiom		0	He turned over	He looked to see what startled him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
74	RUT	3	8	e7ui			0	a woman was lying at his feet	The woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness.
75	RUT	3	9	wj9e			0	your female servant	Ruth spoke with humility to Boaz.
76	RUT	3	9	l5g4			0	near kinsman	a close relative with special responsibilities toward their extended family
77	RUT	3	10	bjw9			0	more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning	even more kindness now than before
78	RUT	3	10	e7ka			0	more kindness in the latter end	This refers to Ruth asking Boaz to marry her. By marrying Naomi's relative, Ruth would provide for Naomi and demonstrate great kindness to Naomi.
79	RUT	3	10	cbd3			0	at the beginning	This refers to the way Ruth had earlier provided for her mother-in-law by staying with her and gleaning grain for food for them.
80	RUT	3	11	ei93			0	my daughter	Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman.
81	RUT	3	12	fvq5			0	kinsman nearer than I	It was the duty of the closest male relative to help the widow.
82	RUT	3	13	gcl8	figs-explicit		0	if he will perform for you the duty of a kinsman	Boaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruth's dead husband would marry her and help carry on his family name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83	RUT	3	14	vn8p			0	she lay at his feet	Ruth slept at Boaz' feet. They did not have sex.
84	RUT	3	15	hj1e			0	shawl	a piece of cloth worn over the shoulders
85	RUT	3	15	f5zg			0	six large measures of barley	The actual amount is not stated. It was enough to be considered generous, yet small enough for Ruth to carry alone. Some think it was about 30 kilograms.
86	RUT	3	15	gdn8			0	put the load on her	The amount of grain was so great that Ruth needed help picking it up to carry it.
87	RUT	3	16	w9p9			0	all that the man had done	all that Boaz had done
88	RUT	3	18	u5rn			0	finished this thing	This refers to the decision about who will buy Naomi's property and marry Ruth.
89	RUT	4	1	kz1g			0	the near kinsman	This was the closest living relative to Elimelek.
90	RUT	4	2	bf74			0	elders of the city	leaders of the city
91	RUT	4	3	es9g			0	Naomi ... is selling the parcel of land	It was the responsibility of the kinsman to buy back his relative's land and to care for his family. In this case, it meant the man must buy Naomi's land, marry Ruth, and care for Naomi.
92	RUT	4	4	c6xi			0	in the presence of	This would make the transaction legal and binding.
93	RUT	4	4	lgq1			0	redeem it	This meant to buy the land to keep it within their family.
94	RUT	4	4	u548			0	I am after you	Boaz was the next kinsman in line to redeem the land.
95	RUT	4	5	ut23			0	On the day that you buy ... you must also	Boaz uses this expression to inform his relative of the additional responsibility he will have if he buys the land.
96	RUT	4	5	b3ps			0	Ruth ... the widow of a dead man	Ruth ... the widow of Elimelek's son
97	RUT	4	5	b3sy			0	to raise up the name of the dead	that she may have a son to inherit the property and carry on the name of her dead husband
98	RUT	4	6	sx9k			0	damaging my own inheritance	He would have to give some of his own wealth to the children that Ruth might bear.
99	RUT	4	7	wga9	writing-background		0	Now this was the custom	The writer of the book explains of the custom of exchange during the time of Ruth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
100	RUT	4	7	xdr7			0	his shoe	his sandal
101	RUT	4	7	d46w			0	his neighbor	This refers to the person with whom he was making the agreement. In this situation the near kinsman gave Boaz his shoe.
102	RUT	4	9	zz42			0	to the elders and to all the people	This refers to all the people who were present at the meeting place, not to everyone in the town.
103	RUT	4	9	img5			0	all that was Elimelek's and all that was Kilion's and Mahlon's	This refers to all the land and possessions of Naomi's dead husband and sons.
104	RUT	4	10	xpu5			0	the gate of his place	The gate of the town is where important legal decisions were made, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land.
105	RUT	4	11	ua2a			0	people who were in the gate	people who were meeting together near the gate
106	RUT	4	11	hg6q	figs-metaphor		0	come into your house	This has literal and figurative meaning. As Ruth marries Boaz, she will move into his house. House can also refer to becoming part of Boaz's family by being his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
107	RUT	4	11	q47m			0	like Rachel and Leah	These were the two wives of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel.
108	RUT	4	11	cz4t			0	built up the house of Israel	bore many children who became the nation of Israel
109	RUT	4	11	uk9q			0	may you prosper in Ephrathah	Ephrathah is the name of the clan to which Boaz belonged in Bethlehem.
110	RUT	4	12	fn52	figs-metaphor		0	May your house be like	God abundantly blessed Judah through his son Perez. The people were asking God to bless Boaz in a similar way through Ruth's children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
111	RUT	4	12	a433			0	Tamar bore to Judah	Tamar was also a widow. Judah fathered a son with her, which continued the family name.
112	RUT	4	12	xym8			0	through the offspring that Yahweh will give you	Yahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth.
113	RUT	4	14	p8p3			0	May his name be famous	This refers to the reputation and character of Naomi's grandson.
114	RUT	4	15	z5lw			0	a nourisher of your old age	he will take care of you when you become old
115	RUT	4	16	k1w4			0	Naomi took the child	This refers to Naomi holding the child. Make sure it does not sound like she took him away from Ruth.
116	RUT	4	19	rl3k	translate-names		0	Hezron ... Ram	(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])