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2DANfrontintrotxw30# Introduction to Daniel<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Daniel<br><br>1. Daniel and his friends in the court of Nebuchadnezzar (1:121)<br>1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzars first dream (2:149)<br>1. Daniels friends delivered from the fiery furnace (3:130)<br>1. Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzars second dream (4:137)<br>1. Belshazzars feast and the writing on the wall (5:1-31)<br>1. Daniel in the den of lions (6:128)<br>1. Daniels vision of four beasts (7:128)<br>1. Daniels vision of a ram and a goat (8:127)<br>1. Daniel prays and Gabriel answers (9:123)<br>1. Daniels vision of seventy weeks (9:2427)<br>1. Daniels vision of a man (10:111:1)<br>1. The kings of the south and north (11:220)<br>1. An evil king exalts himself (11:21-39)<br>1. The time of the end (11:4012:13)<br><br>### What is the Book of Daniel about?<br><br>The first part of the Book of Daniel (chapters 16) is a narrative about Daniel and his friends. They were young men from Jerusalem who were taken to Babylon as prisoners. These chapters tell how they were faithful to Yahweh while living in a pagan land serving a pagan king. And it tells how God rewarded them because they were faithful.<br><br>The rest of the Book of Daniel is a series of prophetic visions. Chapters 7 and 8 deal with images representing the kingdoms and kings of the major nations. Chapters 911 are prophecies and visions about wars and a type of the great enemy of God appearing. Chapter 12 is a vision that describes end times.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>The traditional title of this book is “The Book of Daniel” or just “Daniel.” Translators may call it “The Book About Daniel” or “The Book About the Deeds and Visions of Daniel.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Daniel?<br><br>Daniel was a Jew who became a Babylonian government official during the exile. He may have written the book himself. Or he may have written the parts of the book and someone else put the parts together at a later time.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### Is there a missing week in Daniels prophecy?<br><br>Scholars disagree about what may appear to be a missing week in 9:24-27. It is best for translators to allow apparent mysteries such as this to remain in the text. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-apocalypticwriting]])<br><br>### When did the seventy weeks begin?<br><br>The seventy weeks in 9:24-27 began when a decree was issued to rebuild the city of Jerusalem. But there were several decrees that allowed this to happen. Translators do not need to understand how prophecies were or will be fulfilled to translate the text.<br><br>### Who was Darius the Mede?<br><br>Darius the Mede was a Babylonian king who sent Daniel into a den of lions. People have not found his name in history outside of the Book of Daniel. Scholars have tried to explain who Darius was, but they are not certain.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### How does Daniel use the word “king”?<br><br>Many kings are in the Book of Daniel, but not all of the kings ruled over all of Babylon or Persia. Some of the kings may have ruled over regions or cities.<br><br>### How many chapters does Daniel have?<br><br>Daniel has twelve chapters. Some Bible versions include stories called “Bel and the Dragon” and “The Prayer of Azariah.” However, few people think that these stories have the same authority as the rest of scripture. Therefore, there is no need to translate them.
3DAN1introp1ev0# Daniel 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### Training for government jobs<br><br>Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were chosen to be trained for service in the Babylonian kingdom. It was not unusual for foreigners to be given positions in the Babylonian government as advisors or cultural ambassadors.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Food laws<br><br>The food from the king included things the Jews were not allowed to eat according to the law of Moses. Daniel requested permission not to eat the kings food. He proved to the king that this food was not necessary for good health. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])
4DAN11x9t9figs-synecdoche0Nebuchadnezzar king of BabyloniaThis refers to Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia and his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
5DAN11cps40to cut off all supplies to it“to stop the people from receiving any supplies”
6DAN11sxi6figs-synecdoche0Jehoiakim king of JudahThis refers to Jehoiakim and his soldiers, not only to Jehoiakim. Alternate translation: “the army of Jehoiakim king of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
7DAN12mfr8figs-synecdoche0gave NebuchadnezzarThis refers to Nebuchadnezzar and his soldiers, not only to Nebuchadnezzar. Alternate translation: “gave Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylonia and his soldiers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
8DAN12w31y0he gave himJehoiakim gave Nebuchadnezzar
9DAN12l12tfigs-synecdoche0He brought…he placedAlthough Nebuchadnezzar did not do these things alone, it may easier for the reader to retain the singular pronouns. Alternate translation: “They brought…they placed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
10DAN12tb9l0He brought themHere “them” probably refers to Jehoiakim and other prisoners, as well as the sacred objects.
11DAN12riv50in his gods treasuryThis was an act of devotion to his god.
12DAN13c2p40The king spokeThis refers to Nebuchadnezzar.
13DAN13pba3translate-names0AshpenazThis is the chief official. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
14DAN14j6vwfigs-litotes0without blemishThese two negative words together emphasize a positive idea. Alternate translation: “with perfect appearance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
15DAN14ki41figs-idiom0filled with knowledge and understandingThis is an idiom. This means they knew much and could organize and use that information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
16DAN14im8m0kings palaceThis is the large house or building where the king lives.
17DAN14gg5x0He was to teach them“Ashpenaz was to teach them”
18DAN15v9dgfigs-metonymy0The king counted out for themThe kings officials did this task for him. Alternate translation: “The kings officials counted out for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
19DAN15vq2i0his delicaciesthe special, rare, good foods that the king ate
20DAN15ex12figs-activepassive0These young men were to be trainedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Ashpenaz was to train these young men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
21DAN15bj350trained“taught skills”
22DAN16ln290Among these“Among the young men from Israel”
23DAN17k7uc0The chief officialThis refers to Ashpenaz who was King Nebuchadnezzars highest official.
24DAN17b656translate-names0Belteshazzar…Shadrach…Meshach…AbednegoThese are all mens names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
25DAN18s7srfigs-synecdoche0Daniel intended in his mindHere “mind” refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “Daniel decided to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
26DAN18xse9figs-explicit0pollute himselfTo “pollute” something is to make is unclean. Some of the food and drink of the Babylonians would make Daniel ceremonially unclean according to Gods law. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “make himself unclean according to Gods law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
27DAN18e52r0delicaciesThis refers to the special, rare, good foods that the king ate. See how you translated this in [Daniel 1:3](../01/03.md).
28DAN110wc2ifigs-rquestion0Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men of your own age?The official uses this question to explain what he thought would happen. It can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He does not want to see you looking worse than the other young men of your own age.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
29DAN110n5lcfigs-idiom0The king might have my headThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “The king might cut off my head” or “The king might kill me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
30DAN113m7rh0compare our appearance with the appearanceDaniel asked the steward to see if he and his friends looked worse than the other young men. Alternate translation: “compare our appearance to see if it is worse than the appearance”
31DAN114thm20tested themtested Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah
32DAN115h7dv0their appearance…they wereThe pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
33DAN115pj6p0nourishedThis means to have been made healthy from what you have eaten.
34DAN116uzg50their delicacies…their wine…gave themAll of these pronouns refer to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah.
35DAN117das8figs-abstractnouns0God gave them knowledge and insightThis can be reworded so that the abstract nouns “knowledge” and “insight” can be expressed as the verbs “learn” and “understand.” Alternate translation: “God gave them the ability to learn and understand clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
36DAN117wn6nfigs-hyperbole0in all literature and wisdomHere “all” is a generalization to show that they had a very good education and understanding. Alternate translation: “in many things that the Babylonians had written and studied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
37DAN119ita90The king spoke with themThe king spoke with the “four young men” ([Daniel 1:17](../01/17.md)).
38DAN119u1amfigs-litotes0among the whole group there were none to compare with Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and AzariahThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah pleased him much more than anyone else in the whole group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
39DAN119e2m30Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and AzariahThese are the names of men. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:6](../01/06.md).
40DAN120f5x8figs-hyperbole0ten times betterHere “ten times” is an exaggeration representing great quality. Alternate translation: “much better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
41DAN121jhp90the first year of King Cyrus“the first year that King Cyrus ruled Babylon”
42DAN2introepd50# Daniel 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in Daniels prayer in 2:20-23.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The kings dream<br><br>Daniel told the kings dream and what the dream meant. In the ancient Near East, it was believed that only people in touch with the gods could interpret dreams. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/falsegod]])<br><br>### How Daniel knew the dream<br><br>Daniel gave Yahweh the honor for having told him the dream and its meaning in answer to the prayers of the four men.
43DAN21mns5translate-ordinal0In the second year“In year two” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
44DAN21xtc60he had dreams“Nebuchadnezzar had dreams”
45DAN21xw34figs-metonymy0His mind was troubledHere “mind” refers to his thoughts. Alternate translation: “His thoughts disturbed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
46DAN21g67b0and he could not sleepHis troubled thoughts prevented him from sleeping. Alternate translation: “so that he could not sleep”
47DAN22zsv70Then the king summoned the magicians“Then the king called the magicians”
48DAN22a7yh0the dead“people who had died”
49DAN22n5gn0they came in“they came into the palace”
50DAN22x5f60stood before“stood in front of”
51DAN23q4dvfigs-synecdoche0my mind is anxiousHere “mind” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “I am anxious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
52DAN23wvg50anxious“troubled”
53DAN24k6f2translate-names0AramaicThis is the language that people in Babylon spoke. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
54DAN24b8zx0King, live forever!The men probably said this to show the king that they were loyal to him. Alternate translation: “King, we hope you will live forever!”
55DAN24n36i0us, your servantsThe men called themselves the kings servants to show him respect.
56DAN24cba4figs-exclusive0we will revealHere the word “we” refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not include the king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
57DAN25mdp2figs-activepassive0This matter has been settledThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I have already decided what to do about this matter” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
58DAN25nw8rfigs-activepassive0your bodies will be torn apart and your houses made into rubbish heapsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will command my soldiers to tear your bodies apart and to make your houses into rubbish heaps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
59DAN26xv1kfigs-activepassive0you will receive gifts from meThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give you gifts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
60DAN27ux2hfigs-123person0Let the king tell usThe wise men addressed the king in the third person as a sign of respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
61DAN28h6gffigs-metaphor0you see how firm my decision is about thisA decision that will not be changed is spoken of as something firm. Alternate translation: “you see that I will not change my decision about this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
62DAN29ef890there is only one sentence for you“there is only one punishment for you”
63DAN29xj29figs-doublet0false and deceptive wordsThese two words mean approximately the same thing and emphasize that these are “lies intended to deceive.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
64DAN210m1jcfigs-doublet0great and powerfulThese two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of the kings power. Alternate translation: “most powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
65DAN211n99mfigs-litotes0there is no one who can tell it to the king except the godsThis is stated in negative form for emphasis. It can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “only the gods can tell this to the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
66DAN212xu8yfigs-doublet0angry and very furiousThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of his anger. Alternate translation: “incredibly angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
67DAN212y1cf0all those in Babylon“all the men in Babylon”
68DAN213w1hkfigs-personification0So the decree went outThe decree is spoken of as if it was alive and able to go out by itself. Alternate translation: “So the king issued a command” or “So the king gave a command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
69DAN213m5crfigs-activepassive0all those who were known for their wisdom were to be put to deathThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the soldiers were to kill all of the men who were known for their wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
70DAN213d4wpfigs-activepassive0so they could be put to deathThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in order to kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
71DAN214fm3nfigs-doublet0prudence and discretionThese two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his prudence. Alternate translation: “caution and careful judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
72DAN214cj8ptranslate-names0AriochThis is the name of the kings commander. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
73DAN214a4fa0bodyguardThis is a group of men whose job is to protect the king.
74DAN214y8530who had come to kill“who the king had sent out to kill”
75DAN216ju9kfigs-explicit0Daniel went inDaniel probably went to the palace. Alternate translation: “Daniel went to the palace” or “Daniel went to talk with the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
76DAN216jl4r0requested an appointment with the king“asked for a set time to meet with the king”
77DAN217bbc80his houseThis is referring to Daniels house.
78DAN217ijt30what had happened“about the kings decree”
79DAN218uh7c0He urged them to seek mercy“He begged them to pray for mercy”
80DAN218yhz1figs-activepassive0so that he and they might not be killedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the king would not kill them” or “so that the kings bodyguard would not kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
81DAN219nq22figs-activepassive0That night the mystery was revealedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “That night God revealed the mystery” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
82DAN219s94i0the mysteryThis is referring to the kings dream and its meaning.
83DAN220e8z9figs-metonymy0Praise the name of GodHere “name” refers to God himself. Alternate translation: “Praise God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
84DAN221p54i0General Information:These verses are also part of Daniels prayer.
85DAN221xy7w0he removes kings“he takes away kings authority to rule”
86DAN221k348figs-metonymy0places kings on their thronesHere being on the “throne” refers to ruling over a kingdom. Alternate translation: “makes new kings rule over their kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
87DAN222v5bq0the light lives with him“the light comes from where God is”
88DAN223e5ycfigs-123person0General Information:This verse is also part of Daniels prayer. He stops addressing God in the third person and switches to the more personal second person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
89DAN223b3ga0made known to me what we asked of you“told me what my friends and I asked you to tell us”
90DAN223x2680made known to us the matter that concerns the king“told us what the king wants to know”
91DAN224le8htranslate-names0AriochThis is the name of the kings commander. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
92DAN224fs730everyone who was wise“the wise men”
93DAN226z3qqtranslate-names0BelteshazzarThis was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
94DAN227b59rfigs-activepassive0The mystery that the king has asked about…not by astrologersThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Those who have wisdom, those who claim to speak with the dead, magicians, and astrologers cannot reveal the mystery about which the king has asked” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
95DAN227r8dh0The mystery that the king has asked aboutThis phrase refers to the kings dream.
96DAN229fm110General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
97DAN229as3ufigs-explicit0the one who reveals mysteriesThis phrase refers to God. Alternate translation: “God, who reveals mysteries” or “God, who makes mysteries known” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
98DAN230v6btfigs-activepassive0this mystery was not revealed to meThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did not reveal this mystery to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
99DAN230qk3nfigs-activepassive0This mystery was revealed to me so that youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He revealed the mystery to me so that you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
100DAN230ca22figs-synecdoche0know the thoughts deep within youThis phrase is using the word “you” referring to the persons mind. Alternate translation: “know the thoughts deep inside your mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
101DAN231c17n0General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
102DAN232qp260was made of fine gold“was of fine gold” or “was fine gold”
103DAN233n7d70were made partly of iron and partly of clay“were partly of iron and partly of clay” or “were partly iron and partly clay”
104DAN234upd50General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
105DAN234e77jfigs-activepassive0a stone was cut out, although not by human hands, and itThis can be stated in active form if it is divided into two sentences. Alternate translation: “someone cut a stone from a mountain, but it was not a human who cut it. The stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
106DAN235si32figs-simile0like the chaff of the threshing floors in the summerThis phrase is comparing the pieces of the statue to small and light things which could be blown away by the wind. Alternate translation: “like dry pieces of grass blowing away in the wind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
107DAN235fe57figs-litotes0there was no trace of them leftThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “they were completely gone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
108DAN235nfy20filled the whole earth“spread over the whole earth”
109DAN236b8tq0General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
110DAN236utl6figs-pronouns0Now we will tell the kingHere “we” refers only to Daniel. He may have used to plural form in humility to avoid taking credit for knowing the meaning of the dream that God had revealed to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
111DAN237e2xg0king of the kings“the most important king” or “a king who rules over other kings”
112DAN237gfj7figs-doublet0the power, the strengthThese words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
113DAN238lz1mfigs-metonymy0He has given into your hand the placeHere “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “He has given you control over the place” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
114DAN238ed9hfigs-metonymy0the place where the human beings liveThe place is used to represent the people who live there. Alternate translation: “the people of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
115DAN238t4ewfigs-metonymy0He has given over the animals…into your handHere “hand” refers to control. Alternate translation: “He has given you control over the animals of the fields and the birds of the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
116DAN238flm90birds of the heavensHere “heavens” is used in the sense of “skies.”
117DAN238ffq7writing-symlanguage0You are the statues head of goldIn the kings dream the statues head represents the king. Alternate translation: “The golden head symbolizes you” or “The golden head is a symbol of you and your power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
118DAN239a4tq0General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
119DAN239t5ctfigs-explicit0another kingdom will ariseIn the kings dream his kingdom is gold so an inferior kingdom would be silver. Alternate translation: “another kingdom, which is of silver, will arise” or “another kingdom, which is represented by the silver parts of the statue, will arise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
120DAN239c45rwriting-symlanguage0yet a third kingdom of bronzeThis is symbolic language where the bronze of parts of the statue represent a future kingdom. Alternate translation: “then still another kingdom, which is represented by the bronze parts of the statue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
121DAN239k4z1translate-ordinal0a third kingdom“kingdom number three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
122DAN240v1d80General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
123DAN240q2dltranslate-ordinal0There will be a fourth kingdom“There will be a kingdom number four” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
124DAN240d7bffigs-simile0strong as ironThe fourth kingdom is spoken of as being as strong as iron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
125DAN240rjj2writing-symlanguage0It will shatter all these things and crush themThis symbolic language means the fourth kingdom will defeat and replace the other kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
126DAN240qn2j0all these things“the previous kingdoms”
127DAN241y27x0General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
128DAN241lp4z0Just as you sawNebuchadnezzar saw that the feet consisted of clay and iron. He did not see the process of making the feet.
129DAN241bc2qfigs-activepassive0were partly made of baked clay and partly made of ironThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “were a mixture of baked clay and iron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
130DAN243c3hf0they will not stay together“they will not remain united”
131DAN244zd8x0General Information:Daniel continues talking to the king.
132DAN244fan90In the days of those kingsHere “those kings” refers to the rulers of the kingdoms symbolized by the different parts of the statue.
133DAN244d96cfigs-activepassive0that will never be destroyed, nor will it be conquered by another peopleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy, and that another people never conquer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
134DAN245u69afigs-activepassive0a stone was cut out of the mountain, but not by human handsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone cut a stone from the mountain, but it was not a human who cut it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
135DAN245xc850reliabletrustworthy and correct
136DAN246hb4stranslate-symaction0fell on his faceThis symbolic act showed that the king was honoring Daniel. Alternate translation: “lay down with his face on the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
137DAN246xf46figs-activepassive0an offering be made and that incense be offered up to himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his servants make an offering and offer up incense to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
138DAN247jz9s0Truly your God“It is true that your God”
139DAN247q3ru0the God of gods, the Lord of kings“greater than all the other gods, and King over all other kings”
140DAN247ifr10the one who reveals mysteriesTranslate “the one who reveals mysteries” as in [Daniel 2:29](../02/29.md).
141DAN247h6md0to reveal this mystery“to reveal the mystery of my dream”
142DAN248lz5p0He made him ruler“The king made Daniel the ruler”
143DAN249pp5r0Shadrach…Meshach…AbednegoThese were the Babylonian names of the three Jewish men who were brought to Babylon with Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md)
144DAN3introfc6f0# Daniel 03 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The kings new idol<br><br>Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego refused to worship the new idol. In the ancient Near East, refusing to worship the king was a sign of rebellion against the king. It was often considered the crime of treason. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sign]])<br><br>### The furnace<br><br>There was a fourth person with them in the furnace, and because of this they were not hurt. Most scholars believe this to be Jesus before he was born.
145DAN31vj2cfigs-metonymy0Nebuchadnezzar made a gold statue…He set it upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to make a gold statue…They set it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
146DAN31l4e2translate-bdistance0sixty cubits tall and six cubits wideA cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 27 meters tall and almost 3 meters wide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
147DAN31r51ytranslate-names0Plain of DuraThis is a location within the kingdom of Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
148DAN32pj4s0provincial governors…regional governors…local governorsThese are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory.
149DAN32yr480treasurersThese officials are in charge of money.
150DAN33qh6f0the provincial governors, regional governors,…officials of the provincesSee how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
151DAN33wy5bfigs-metonymy0the statue that Nebuchadnezzar had set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the statue that Nebuchadnezzars men had set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
152DAN34huk20heraldThis person is an official messenger for the king.
153DAN34z125figs-activepassive0You are commandedThis can be stated in active form. “The king commands you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
154DAN34by5mfigs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
155DAN35xs6t0zithersThese are musical instruments similar to harps. They are shaped like triangles and have four strings.
156DAN35c6tz0fall downHere “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
157DAN35mml9translate-symaction0prostrate yourselves to“stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
158DAN36z9s5figs-activepassive0Whoever does not fall down and worship, at that very moment, will be thrown into a blazing furnaceThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The soldiers will throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not fall down and worship the statue at the very moment they hear the music” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
159DAN36xue40fall downHere “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
160DAN36x9ik0blazing furnaceThis is a large room filled with a hot fire.
161DAN37x2pp0all the peoples, nations, and languagesHere “all” that means all the people who were present.
162DAN37y1q9figs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
163DAN37i26f0the horns, flutes…and pipesThese are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
164DAN37vyk50fell downHere “fell down” means “quickly lay down”
165DAN37xg6ttranslate-symaction0prostrated themselves toThey did this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretched themselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
166DAN37mi49figs-metonymy0the golden statue that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzars men had set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
167DAN38vy1k0NowThis word is used to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about some new people in the story.
168DAN39hf480King, live foreverThis was a common greeting to the king.
169DAN310dzb50the horns, flutes…and pipesThese are musical instruments. See how you translated these words in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
170DAN310jiv50fall downHere “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
171DAN310h3iutranslate-symaction0prostrate himself toThe people would do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch himself out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
172DAN311u6bmfigs-activepassive0Whoever does not fall down and worship must be thrown into a blazing furnaceThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Soldiers must throw into a blazing furnace anyone who does not lie down on the ground and worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
173DAN311qdc60fall downHere “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
174DAN311p2l20blazing furnaceThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
175DAN312in2b0affairsmatters having to do with government
176DAN312anm20Shadrach…Meshach…AbednegoThese are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
177DAN312ejy10pay no attention to you“do not pay attention to you”
178DAN312e3hstranslate-symaction0prostrate themselvesThey would do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch themselves out on the ground face down in worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
179DAN312a7m8figs-metonymy0the golden statue you have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue your men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
180DAN313z18yfigs-metaphor0filled with anger and rageNebuchadnezzars anger and rage were so intense that they are spoken of as if they had filled him up. Here “anger” and “rage” mean about the same thing and are used to emphasize how upset the king was. Alternate translation: “extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
181DAN313jjl40Shadrach, Meshach, and AbednegoThese are the Babylonian names of the three Jewish friends of Daniel. See how you translated these names in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
182DAN314ew5tfigs-metonymy0Have you made your minds upHere “mind” refers to deciding. To “make up your mind” is an idiom that means to firmly decide. Alternate translation: “Have you firmly decided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
183DAN314nn2ttranslate-symaction0prostrate yourselves toThe three men would not do this to worship the statue. Alternate translation: “stretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
184DAN314t6f3figs-metonymy0the golden statue that I have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue that my men have set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
185DAN315kak30the horns, flutes…and pipesThese are musical instruments. See how you translated this list in [Daniel 3:5](../03/05.md).
186DAN315l9el0fall downHere “fall down” means “quickly lie down”
187DAN315ws27translate-symaction0prostrate yourselves tostretch yourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
188DAN315vth10all will be well“there will no longer be a problem” or “you will be free to go”
189DAN315td6rfigs-metonymy0the statue that I have madeNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the statue that my men have made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
190DAN315gz3yfigs-activepassive0you will immediately be thrown into a blazing furnaceThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my soldiers will immediately throw you into a blazing furnace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
191DAN315sl8a0blazing furnaceThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
192DAN315z8gtfigs-rquestion0Who is the god…my hands?The king does not expect an answer. He is threatening the three men. Alternate translation: “No god is able to rescue you from my power!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
193DAN315hw83figs-metonymy0out of my handsHere “hands” refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “from my punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
194DAN317d2kc0blazing furnaceThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
195DAN317sj5qfigs-metonymy0out of your handHere “hand” refers to power to punish. Alternate translation: “from your punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
196DAN318mc1d0But if not, let it be known to you, king, that“But king, we must let you know that even if our God does not rescue us”
197DAN318p84atranslate-symaction0prostrate ourselves toPeople would do this to worship their gods. Alternate translation: “stretch ourselves out on the ground face down in worship of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
198DAN318iq7tfigs-metonymy0the golden statue you set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate translation: “the golden statue your men set up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
199DAN319bt7kfigs-metaphor0Nebuchadnezzar was filled with rageThe king was so angry that rage is spoken of as if it were filling him up. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar became extremely angry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
200DAN319e99gfigs-idiom0He commanded that the furnace should be heated seven times hotter than it was normally heatedHere “seven times hotter” is an idiom that means to make it very much hotter. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He commanded his men to make the furnace very much hotter than they normally make it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
201DAN321r7tt0turbansA turban is a head covering made of wrapped cloth.
202DAN321xya50blazing furnaceThis is a large room filled with a hot fire. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:6](../03/06.md).
203DAN322v2v9figs-activepassive0Because the kings command was strictly followedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Because the men did exactly what the king commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
204DAN324kzd80Did we not throw three men tied up into the fire“We threw three men tied up into the fire, right”
205DAN325gy5stranslate-ordinal0The brilliance of the fourth is like a son of the godsThe gods were believed to shine brightly with light. Alternate translation: “Man four is shining brightly with light as a son of the gods would shine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
206DAN327ru5i0The provincial governors, regional governors, other governorsThese are officials who have authority over different sizes of territory. See how you translated these in [Daniel 3:2](../03/02.md).
207DAN327g7e8figs-activepassive0the hair on their heads was not singedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the fire had not singed the hair on their heads” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
208DAN327jr790was not singed“was not burned even a little”
209DAN327nuu7figs-activepassive0their robes were not harmedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the fire did not harm their robes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
210DAN327hv4b0there was no smell of fire on them“they did not smell like fire”
211DAN328x5hafigs-metaphor0they set aside my commandNot obeying the kings command is spoken of as if they had physically moved it away from them. Alternate translation: “they ignored my command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
212DAN328uld8figs-idiom0they gave up their bodiesThis phrase refers to the three mens willingness to die for what they believed. Alternate translation: “they were willing to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
213DAN328iz7qtranslate-symaction0prostrate themselves toPeople would do this to worship their gods. Alternate translation: “stretch themselves out on the ground face down in honor of” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
214DAN328s95d0any god except their God“any other god except their God”
215DAN329pnl6figs-activepassive0any people, nation, or language…must be torn apart, and that their houses must be made into rubbish heapsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my servants will tear apart any people, nation, or language…and make their houses into piles of garbage” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
216DAN329h7gqfigs-metonymy0any people, nation, or language that speaksHere “nations” and “language” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “any people from any nation, or those who speak any language that says” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
217DAN329qb3c0speaks anything against the God“speaks words that do not respect the God”
218DAN329t5vb0must be torn apart“must have their bodies torn apart”
219DAN329lw5h0there is no other god who is able to save like thisThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “only their God is able to save like this”
220DAN4introdu520# Daniel 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3 and 4:34-35.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The king becomes insane<br><br>The king became insane until he realized that Yahweh was the ruler over everyone, including him.
221DAN41s72gfigs-123person0General Information:In this chapter, Nebuchadnezzar tells what God did to him. In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. Verses 19-33 switch to the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. Verses 34-37 change back to first person as Nebuchadnezzar describes his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
222DAN41ykj3figs-metonymy0King Nebuchadnezzar sentThis phrase is referring to the kings messenger as the king himself. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar sent his messengers with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
223DAN41sx24figs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
224DAN41rcl7figs-hyperbole0who lived on the earthKings would often exaggerate how wide their kingdom was. Nebuchadnezzar did rule over most of the known world at the time this book was written. Alternate translation: “who lived in the kingdom of Babylon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
225DAN41ew1j0May your peace increaseThis is a common greeting.
226DAN42t8rlfigs-doublet0signs and wondersThese words share similar meanings and refer to the amazing things that God had done. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
227DAN43jyl3figs-parallelism0How great are his signs, and how mighty are his wonders!Both of these phrases have the same meaning and are used to emphasize how great Gods signs and wonders are. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
228DAN43mz21figs-parallelism0His kingdom is…generation to generationBoth of these phrases have the same meaning and are repeated to emphasize how Gods reign is forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
229DAN44xpm6figs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
230DAN44p8ntfigs-parallelism0was living happily…was enjoying prosperityThese two phrases are parallel and mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
231DAN44zv52figs-doublet0my house…my palaceThese two phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
232DAN45fmk5figs-doublet0a dream…the images…the visionsThese phrases mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
233DAN45u6n6figs-parallelism0made me afraid…troubled meThese phrases are parallel and they mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
234DAN46ep7g0all the men of Babylon who had wisdom“all the wise men of Babylon”
235DAN47l5u7figs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
236DAN48aej3figs-activepassive0who is named BelteshazzarThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who I named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
237DAN48dhx30BelteshazzarThis was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
238DAN49x1x70no mystery is too difficult for youThe can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “you understand the meaning of every mystery”
239DAN410vz2bfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
240DAN410ra4y0sightsthings that you see
241DAN410h4t80its height was very great“it was very tall”
242DAN411w5t1writing-symlanguage0Its top reached to the heavens…it could be seen to the ends of the whole earthThis is symbolic language that exaggerates how tall and how well-known the tree was. Alternate translation: “It seemed that its top reached up to the sky and that everyone in the world could see it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
243DAN412c94i0its fruit was abundant“there was a lot of fruit on the tree”
244DAN412bvq70was food for all“was food for all people and animals”
245DAN413s8rqfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
246DAN413mze40I saw in my mindThis refers to seeing a dream or vision. Alternate translation: “I saw in my dream”
247DAN414l1nvfigs-explicit0He shouted and saidIt can be made clear that the holy messenger was speaking to more than one person. Alternate translation: “He shouted to some people and said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
248DAN414rd550Let the animals flee…from its branches“The animals will flee from under it and the bird will fly away from its branches”
249DAN415h8jefigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. The holy messenger in the vision continues shouting to some people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
250DAN415eb7u0stump of its rootsThis is the part of the tree that is left above the ground after a tree is cut down.
251DAN415e8lj0dewthe moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings
252DAN416f3wxfigs-pronouns0Let his mind be changed…seven years pass bySince the tree represents Nebuchadnezzar, the masculine pronouns “his” and “him” in verse 16 refer to the same tree as the neuter pronoun “it” in verse 15. Alternate translation: “The mans mind will change from a mans mind to an animals mind for a period of seven years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
253DAN417k6kqfigs-123person0General Information:In verses 1-18, Nebuchadnezzar describes in the first person his vision from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
254DAN417j1fefigs-activepassive0It is a decision made by the holy onesThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The holy ones have made this decision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
255DAN417m2npfigs-explicit0the holy onesThis phrase probably refers to angels. Alternate translation: “the holy angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
256DAN417y8ih0those who are alive“every living person” or “everyone”
257DAN417aas50gives them“gives the kingdoms”
258DAN418kjd40BelteshazzarThis was the name the Babylonians gave to Daniel. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 1:7](../01/07.md).
259DAN418jr6i0you are able to do so“you are able to interpret it”
260DAN418pl5q0the spirit of the holy godsNebuchadnezzar believed that Daniels power came from the false gods that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. These are not the same as “the holy ones” in verse 17. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
261DAN419n8fkfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
262DAN419u9rcfigs-activepassive0who was also named BelteshazzarThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who I also named Belteshazzar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
263DAN419a33vfigs-explicit0was greatly upset for a while, and his thoughts alarmed himDaniels understanding of the meaning of the vision is what alarmed him. This can be explicitly stated. Alternate translation: “did not say anything for some time because he was very worried about the meaning of the dream” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
264DAN419kf990may the dream be for those who hate you; may its interpretation be for your enemiesDaniel is expressing his wish that the dream was not about Nebuchadnezzar, even though he knew that it really was about the king.
265DAN420vj36figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]]). Many terms in this verse are almost the same as in [Daniel 4:11](../04/11.md). See how you translated that verse.
266DAN420x69sfigs-hyperbole0to the heavens…to the ends of the whole earthThese phrases are exaggerations to emphasize that everyone everywhere knew how great Nebuchadnezzar was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
267DAN421mm9p0General Information:Many terms in this verse are almost the same as [Daniel 4:12](../04/12.md). See how you translated that verse.
268DAN421rfj90whose fruit was abundant“which bore a great amount of fruit”
269DAN422uq3h0this tree is you, king“this tree represents you, king”
270DAN422gfs2figs-parallelism0Your greatness has grown…your authority reachesThese two phrases mean similar things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
271DAN422s8jtfigs-personification0Your greatness has grownThis phrase is using the word “grown” as a way of saying the kings greatness has increased. Alternate translation: “Your greatness has increased” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
272DAN423w9s5figs-123person0General Information:This verse is almost the same as [Daniel 4:13-14](./13.md) and [Daniel 4:15-16](./15.md). See how you translated those verses. Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
273DAN423c89t0the stump of its rootsThis is the part of the tree that is left above ground after a tree is cut down.
274DAN423i27p0in the middle of the tender grass of the field“surrounded by the tender grass of the field”
275DAN423bx4z0dewthe moisture that settles on the ground in the mornings
276DAN424f3tz0that has reached you“that you have heard”
277DAN425fd8sfigs-activepassive0You will be driven from among menThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Men will drive you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
278DAN425gq52figs-activepassive0You will be made to eat grassThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “You will eat grass” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
279DAN426fgn1figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
280DAN426tcg3figs-metonymy0heaven rulesHere “heaven” refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: “God in heaven is the ruler of all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
281DAN427yna6figs-activepassive0let my advice be acceptable to youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “please accept my advice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
282DAN427s3j8figs-metaphor0Turn away from your iniquitiesHere rejecting iniquity is spoken of as turning away from it. Alternate translation: “Reject your iniquities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
283DAN427j7avfigs-nominaladj0the oppressedThis nominal adjective refers to people who are oppressed. Alternate translation: “people who are oppressed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
284DAN427a7umfigs-activepassive0it may be that your prosperity will be extendedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God may extend your prosperity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
285DAN428rq19figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
286DAN429jn5hfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
287DAN429ns6ttranslate-numbers0Twelve months“12 months” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
288DAN430p8hifigs-rquestion0Is this not the great Babylon…for the glory of my majesty?Nebuchadnezzar asks this question to emphasize his own glory. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is the great Babylon…for the glory of my majesty!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
289DAN430csl90for the glory of my majesty“to show people my honor and my greatness”
290DAN431g7xgfigs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
291DAN431fjl7figs-idiom0While the words were still on the lips of the kingThis idiom means the king was still in the act of speaking. Alternate translation: “While the king was still speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
292DAN431cv670a voice came from heaven“he heard a voice from heaven”
293DAN431pt4ufigs-activepassive0King Nebuchadnezzar…has been taken away from youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “King Nebuchadnezzar, a decree went out against you that this kingdom no longer belongs to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
294DAN432f4usfigs-activepassive0You will be driven away from peopleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will chase you away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
295DAN432m5510anyone he wishes“whoever he chooses”
296DAN433ydj8figs-123person0General Information:Verses 19-33 use the third person to describe the punishment of Nebuchadnezzar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
297DAN433xpp3figs-activepassive0This decree against Nebuchadnezzar was carried out immediatelyThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This decree against Nebuchadnezzar happened immediately” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
298DAN433chd6figs-activepassive0He was driven away from peopleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
299DAN433t4b60his nails became like birds claws“his fingernails looked like birds claws”
300DAN434amm1figs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
301DAN434b17l0At the end of the daysThis refers back to the seven years in [Daniel 4:32](../04/32.md).
302DAN434ltf5figs-activepassive0my sanity was given back to meThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my sanity came back to me” or “I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
303DAN434ucj3figs-parallelism0I praised…and I honoredThe two phrases refer to the same action. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
304DAN434nk8ufigs-parallelism0For his reign is an everlasting reign…his kingdom endures from all generations to all generationsThese two phrases mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize how Gods reign never ends. Alternate translation: “He rules forever and his kingdom will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
305DAN435ce6ufigs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
306DAN435dgr8figs-activepassive0All the earths inhabitants are considered by him to be as nothingThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He considers all the earths inhabitants as nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
307DAN435cpy80All the earths inhabitants“All the people on the earth”
308DAN435p4150the army of heaven“the angel armies in heaven”
309DAN435zpn80whatever suits his will“whatever satisfies his purpose” or “anything he wants to do”
310DAN435im6kfigs-explicit0No one can stop himIt may be helpful to add additional detail. Alternate translation: “When he decides to do something, no one can stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
311DAN435ebf8figs-quotations0No one can say to him, Why have you done this?This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “No one can question what he does.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
312DAN436m6m5figs-123person0General Information:In verses 34-37 Nebuchadnezzar speaks in the first person to describe his response to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
313DAN436rz1dfigs-personification0my sanity returned to meHere his sanity is spoken of as if it was able to return by its own power. Alternate translation: “I became sane again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
314DAN436pb8afigs-personification0my majesty and splendor returned to meHere his majesty and splendor are spoken of as if they were able to return by their own power. Alternate translation: “I regained my majesty and my splendor again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
315DAN436nq38figs-doublet0majesty and splendorThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the greatness of his glory. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
316DAN436c3xy0my noblemen sought my favor“my noblemen requested my help again”
317DAN436ks6bfigs-metonymy0I was brought…greatness was given to meHere “throne” refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
318DAN437zgl2figs-doublet0praise, extol, and honorAll three of these words have basically the same meaning and emphasize how greatly he praised God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
319DAN437g1dffigs-idiom0who walk in their own prideThis phrase uses “walk” to refer to the person who acts proud. Alternate translation: “who are proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
320DAN5introe9pc0# Daniel 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The writing on the wall<br><br>God told the new king that he had failed and God was replacing him, showing that God is the real ruler over everything, even kingdoms that do not worship him.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br>### Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin<br>These are words in Aramaic. Daniel “transliterates” these words by writing them with Hebrew letters, and then he explains their meanings. In the ULT and UST they are written with English letters. Translators are encouraged to write them using the letters of the target language alphabet.
321DAN51cc4ztranslate-names0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
322DAN51ix8ktranslate-numbers0for a thousand“for 1,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
323DAN51tre40he drank wine in front of“he drank wine in the presence of”
324DAN52cz6efigs-activepassive0the containers made of gold or silverThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the gold or silver containers that the Israelites had made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
325DAN52gsi30containersThese were cups and other items that were small enough for a person to hold and to drink from them.
326DAN52lad2figs-metonymy0Nebuchadnezzar his father had takenHere “Nebuchadnezzar” refers to Nebuchadnezzars army. Alternate translation: “his father Nebuchadnezzars army” or “the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
327DAN53i1zmfigs-activepassive0the gold containers that had been taken out of the templeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the gold containers that the army of Nebuchadnezzar had taken out of the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
328DAN53msp60out of the temple, the house of God“out of Gods temple.” The phrase “the house of God” tells us something more about the temple.
329DAN55lkd10At that moment“As soon as they did that” or “Suddenly”
330DAN55cra10plastercement or mud that is spread on walls or ceilings to give them a smooth hard surface when it dries
331DAN56jn250the kings face changed“his face became pale.” This was caused by his fear.
332DAN56gbd60his limbs“his legs”
333DAN56iee90his knees were knocking togetherThis was the result of his extreme fear.
334DAN57gz5c0those known for their wisdom in BabylonThis refers back to those who claimed to speak with the dead, the wise men, and the astrologers.
335DAN57ybp9figs-activepassive0Whoever explains this writing and its meaning will be clothed with purple and will have a gold chain around his neckThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give purple clothes and a gold neck chain to whoever explains this writing and its meaning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
336DAN57ms1tfigs-explicit0clothed with purplePurple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
337DAN57x9vitranslate-ordinal0the third highest ruler“the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
338DAN59n4lntranslate-names0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
339DAN59gla90the look on his face changed“his face became even more pale.” The face of the king grew even more pale than in [Daniel 5:6](../05/06.md).
340DAN59w9st0perplexedunable to understand, confused
341DAN510rw3v0the queenSome modern versions understand this to be a reference to the queen mother, that is, to the kings mother. The queen mother received much honor in ancient Babylon.
342DAN510x55i0King, live forever!This was a normal way to greet the king.
343DAN510zq7c0Do not let the look on your face change“There is no need for your face to look so pale”
344DAN511bql40the spirit of the holy godsThe queen believed that Daniels power came from the false gods that Nebuchadnezzar worshiped. See how you translated this phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
345DAN511c4n60In the days of your father“When your father was ruling”
346DAN511ss1zfigs-activepassive0light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods was found in himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he had light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
347DAN511jg2l0King Nebuchadnezzar, your father the king“Your father, King Nebuchadnezzar”
348DAN512n7wafigs-activepassive0these qualities were found in this man Daniel, whom the king named BelteshazzarThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “this same Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar, had all of these qualities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
349DAN512b8d3figs-activepassive0what has been written“what has been written on the wall.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what the hand wrote on the wall” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
350DAN513hn7gfigs-activepassive0Then Daniel was brought before the kingThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then they brought Daniel before the king” or “Then the soldiers brought Daniel before the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
351DAN513sd23figs-metonymy0whom my father the king brought out of JudahIn this phrase “father” is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate translation: “whom my fathers soldiers brought out of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
352DAN514yxu50the spirit of the godsBelshazzar believed that Daniels power came from the false gods that Belshazzar worshiped. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 4:8](../04/08.md).
353DAN514y4eyfigs-activepassive0light and understanding and excellent wisdom are found in youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have light and understanding and excellent wisdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
354DAN515c33vfigs-activepassive0Now the men known…have been brought in before meThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Now the men known…have come in before me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
355DAN515u8170make known to me“tell me”
356DAN516u2eyfigs-activepassive0you will be clothed with purple and have a gold chain placed around your neckThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will give you purple clothes and a gold neck chain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
357DAN516iyy2figs-explicit0clothed with purplePurple cloth was rare and reserved for royal officials. Alternate translation: “dressed in royal clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
358DAN516pud4translate-ordinal0the third highest ruler“the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
359DAN517evt40Let your gifts be for yourself, and“I do not want your gifts, so”
360DAN519l2ngfigs-hyperbole0all peoples, nations, and languagesThis phrase uses the word “all” as a generalization that represents a large number. Alternate translation: “a great number of people, of different nations and languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
361DAN519q693figs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
362DAN519bqb5figs-doublet0trembled and feared himThese words mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of the fear. Alternate translation: “were very afraid of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
363DAN519ka6vfigs-metonymy0He put to death those he wanted to dieThis phrase does not mean King Nebuchadnezzar put people to death himself, but rather those he commanded. Alternate translation: “Nebuchadnezzar commanded his soldiers to kill those he wanted to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
364DAN519t7ri0He raised up those he wanted“He raised up those he wanted to raise up”
365DAN519qzi20wanted…wishedThese words here mean the same thing.
366DAN519db8z0he humbled those he wished“he humbled those he wished to humble”
367DAN520zu9pfigs-synecdoche0his heart was arrogantHere “heart” refers to the king himself. Alternate translation: “the king was arrogant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
368DAN520g3wqfigs-synecdoche0his spirit was hardenedHere “spirit” refers to the king himself. His stubbornness is spoken of as if he were hardened. Alternate translation: “the king became stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
369DAN520w2tx0presumptuouslyrudely and overly confident
370DAN520nl2nfigs-metonymy0he was brought down from his kingly throneHere “throne” refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people took away his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
371DAN521sl3gfigs-activepassive0He was driven away from humanityThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The people chased him away from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
372DAN521v3b5figs-metonymy0he had the mind of an animalHere “mind” represents his thoughts. Alternate translation: “he thought as an animal thinks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
373DAN521amq80dewthe moisture on the ground that is found in the mornings
374DAN521m4na0anyone he wishes“whomever he chooses”
375DAN522z72qtranslate-names0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
376DAN522ij2gfigs-synecdoche0have not humbled your heartHere “heart” refers to Belshazzar himself. Alternate translation: “have not humbled yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
377DAN523fmz3figs-metaphor0You have lifted yourself up against the LordTo rebel against God is spoken of as raising oneself up against him. Alternate translation: “You have rebelled against the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
378DAN523qc6hfigs-explicit0From his houseWhat and where “his house” is can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “From his temple in Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
379DAN523kj78figs-metonymy0God who holds your breath in his handHere “breath” refers to life and “hand” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “God who gives you breath” or “God who has control over your entire life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
380DAN523th440all your ways“everything you do”
381DAN524i8fsfigs-activepassive0this writing was doneThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it wrote this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
382DAN525rcy6figs-activepassive0This is the writing that was doneThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This is the message that the hand wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
383DAN525ea1ktranslate-transliterate0Mene, Mene, Tekel, and PharsinThese are the Aramaic words that were written on the wall. Spell these words with the sounds that fit your language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
384DAN526tg8v0Mene, God has numberedMene means God has numbered”
385DAN527q5iv0Tekel, you are weighedTekel means you are weighed”
386DAN527sg5zfigs-metaphor0you are weighed in the scales and are found lackingJudging the worthiness of the king to rule is spoken of as weighing him. This means that the king is not worthy to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has examined your worthiness to rule, and he has found that you are not worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
387DAN528b18p0Peres, your kingdomPeres means your kingdom.”
388DAN528jb220PeresThis is the singular form of “Pharsin” in 5:25.
389DAN528j1p8figs-activepassive0your kingdom is divided and is given to the Medes and PersiansThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has divided your kingdom and given it to the Medes and Persians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
390DAN529j9jgtranslate-names0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
391DAN529uvj8figs-activepassive0A chain of gold was put around his neckThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They put a chain of gold around his neck” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
392DAN529nfx6translate-ordinal0the third highest ruler“the number three ruler” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
393DAN531c2bj0received the kingdom“became the ruler of the kingdom”
394DAN531y1sitranslate-numbers0when he was about sixty-two years old“when he was about 62 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
395DAN6introa1xc0# Daniel 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set the content of letters farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the letter in 6:25-27.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in the letter in 6:26-27.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### Daniel and the lions<br><br>Daniel was thrown into the lions den for praying to Yahweh, but Yahweh protected him and the lions did not hurt him at all.
396DAN61xf5z0Connecting Statement:The events in this chapter take place after the Persians conquered the Babylonians and Darius the Mede began to rule in Babylon.
397DAN61y6y90It pleased Darius“King Darius decided”
398DAN61a1zktranslate-numbers0120 provincial governors“one hundred and twenty provincial governors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
399DAN62dd8r0Over themThe word “them” refers to the 120 provincial governors.
400DAN62u9kb0so that the king should suffer no loss“so that nothing should be stolen from the king” or “so that no one would steal anything from the king”
401DAN63ygu70was distinguished above“excelled above” or “was more capable than”
402DAN63aig7figs-synecdoche0he had an extraordinary spiritHere “spirit” refers to Daniel. It means he had was unusually capable. Alternate translation: “he was and exceptional person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
403DAN63ef6f0extraordinary spiritspirit that made him do better than the others
404DAN63ry6m0to put him over“to give him authority over” or “to put him in charge of”
405DAN64ex6lfigs-explicit0Then the other chief administrators and the provincial governors…for the kingdomThe other administrators were jealous of Daniel. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Then the other chief administrators and the provincial governors became jealous. So they looked for mistakes in the work Daniel did for the kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
406DAN64rl5pfigs-activepassive0No mistakes or negligence was found in himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They could find no mistakes or negligence in his work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
407DAN64zn7x0negligenceoverly looking your responsibilities
408DAN65ek640to complain against this Daniel“to complain about Daniel”
409DAN66yf8j0brought a plan before the king“presented a plan to the king”
410DAN66ll7v0may you live forever!This was a normal way to greet a king.
411DAN67x89htranslate-numbers0for thirty days“for 30 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
412DAN67bw290whoever makes a petition“whoever makes a request”
413DAN67l2iqfigs-activepassive0that person must be thrown into the den of lionsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “your soldiers must throw that person into the den of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
414DAN67h7ip0den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept.
415DAN68nj570Connecting Statement:In verse 8, the administrators continue to speak to the king.
416DAN68v5i80as directed by the laws“according to the laws”
417DAN68i7m40cannot be repealed“cannot be canceled”
418DAN69dt8k0making the decree into a law“making the order into a law”
419DAN610i5vv0When Daniel learned that the document had been signed into lawIt is important to the story to state clearly that Daniel knew about the new law before he prayed to God.
420DAN610r7ulwriting-background0now his windows were open in his upper room toward JerusalemThis is background information that explains how Daniels enemies knew he was praying to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
421DAN610l71q0gave thanks before his God“gave thanks to his God”
422DAN611v5n30plota plan with evil intent
423DAN612gwm40Did you not make a decree…lions?They asked this question to make the king confirm that he had made the decree.
424DAN612hjs70who makes a petition“who makes a request”
425DAN612div10den of lionsThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
426DAN612zp4n0as directed by the law“according to the law”
427DAN613c3ar0That person DanielThis is not a respectful way of referring to Daniel. They intentionally used this phrase to avoid giving Daniel the respect he was due as a chief administrator.
428DAN613jia10who is one of the people of the exile from Judah“who is an immagrant from Judah”
429DAN613l8ebfigs-idiom0pays no attention to youThis idiom means he ignores the king. Alternate translation: “does not obey you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
430DAN614u8lhfigs-metonymy0he applied his mindHere “mind” refers to his thinking. Alternate translation: “he thought very hard about how” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
431DAN614ts980He laboredThis refers to mental labor, rather than to physical labor.
432DAN615d92jfigs-explicit0no decree…can be changedThe men were implying that since no decree or statute of the king can be changed, Daniel must be thrown into the pit of lions. This can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “no decree…can be changed. They must throw Daniel into the pit of lions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
433DAN616zny20they brought in Daniel“his soldiers went and got Daniel”
434DAN616q3wc0lions denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
435DAN616a2680May your God…rescue youThe king is expressing his desire for God to save Daniel.
436DAN616jd6x0rescue you“save you from the lions”
437DAN617szf50denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
438DAN617xjj7figs-explicit0the king sealed it with his own signet ring and with the signet rings of his nobles…concerning DanielThe function of the signet ring can be stated clearly. The king and the noblemen pressed their rings into a seal made of wax. Alternate translation: “the king pressed his signet ring into a wax seal, the nobles did this too. No one was allowed to break the seal and help Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
439DAN617p5t20nothing might be changed concerning Daniel“no one could help Daniel”
440DAN618un1jtranslate-symaction0he went through the night fastingThis symbolic act showed that the king was worried about Daniel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
441DAN618a3xdfigs-activepassive0No entertainment was brought before himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He did not have anyone entertain him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
442DAN618sb8rfigs-personification0sleep fled from himSleep is spoken of as if it could run away from the king. Alternate translation: “he did not sleep at all that night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
443DAN619e2wc0lions denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
444DAN622qn4tfigs-activepassive0For I was found blamelessThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He knows that I have done nothing wrong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
445DAN622ssq60I have done you no harm“I have not harmed you at all”
446DAN623r1eg0denThis may refer to a room or pit where lions were kept. See how you translated this in [Daniel 6:7](../06/07.md).
447DAN623qf7qfigs-activepassive0No harm was found on himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They did not find any wounds on Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
448DAN624qwh30Before they reached the floor“Before they reached the floor of the lions den”
449DAN624r63c0broke all their bones to pieces“crushed their bones”
450DAN625ty2gfigs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who spoke different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
451DAN625rl1dfigs-hyperbole0in all the earthKing Darius wrote his message to his entire kingdom which was huge. Here it says “all the earth” as a generalization to emphasis how large his kingdom was, though it did not include everyone on the earth. Alternate translation: “in his kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
452DAN625zkz80May peace increase for youThis is a form of greeting that is used to wish someone well in all areas of life.
453DAN626m5v60Connecting Statement:This continues to state the message that Darius sent to everyone in his kingdom.
454DAN626n6v5figs-doublet0tremble and fearThese two words are similar and can be combined. Alternate translation: “shake with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
455DAN626s8va0the God of Daniel“the God that Daniel worships”
456DAN626ma86figs-parallelism0he is the living God and lives foreverThe two phrases “the living God” and “lives forever” express the same concept, that God lives forever. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
457DAN626xw4kfigs-parallelism0his kingdom shall…his dominion shallThese two phrases are parallel, emphasizing how Gods kingdom will never end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
458DAN626s6ylfigs-activepassive0his kingdom shall not be destroyedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one will destroy his kingdom” or “his kingdom will last forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
459DAN626fcy10his dominion shall be to the end“he will rule forever”
460DAN627bld20he has kept Daniel safe from the strength of the lions“he has not allowed the strong lions to hurt Daniel”
461DAN628a5br0during the reign of Darius and during the reign of Cyrus the PersianCyrus the Persian was the king who ruled after Darius.
462DAN7introe18x0# Daniel 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 7:9-10, 13-14, and 23-27.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br>### The four beasts<br><br>There will be four successive kingdoms before Yahweh sets up his eternal kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]])<br><br>### The Son of Man<br><br>God will give the Son of Man an eternal kingdom and he will judge people from the books. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])
463DAN71cw4awriting-symlanguage0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniels vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
464DAN71dme80BelshazzarThis was the name of Nebuchadnezzars son, who became king after him. See how you wrote this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
465DAN71xdv1figs-doublet0a dream and visionsThe words “dream” and “visions” both refer to the same dream that is described in this chapter. Alternate translation: “visions while he was dreaming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
466DAN72mjk70the four winds of heaven“winds from everywhere” or “strong winds from all four directions”
467DAN72b48l0stirring up“whipped up” or “agitated” or “caused high waves in”
468DAN74z5hdwriting-symlanguage0The first was like a lion but had eagles wingsThis was a symbolic creature, and not an animal that exists. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
469DAN74a7n9figs-activepassive0its wings were torn off and it was lifted from the ground and made to stand on two feet, like a manThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone tore off its wings and lifted it up from the ground and made it stand on two feet like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
470DAN74y6v7figs-metonymy0The mind of a man was given to itHere “mind” refers to thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
471DAN75eqm9writing-symlanguage0a second animal, like a bearThis was not an actual bear, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a bear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
472DAN75i32b0ribslarge curved bones of the chest that connect to the spine
473DAN75c38pfigs-activepassive0It was toldThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone told it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
474DAN76fl2zwriting-symlanguage0another animal, one that looked like a leopardThis was not an actual leopard, but a symbolic animal that was similar to a leopard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
475DAN76h4iawriting-symlanguage0four wings…four headsThe four wings and four heads are symbols, but their meaning is unclear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
476DAN76y1jd0it had four heads“the animal had four heads”
477DAN76jpn1figs-activepassive0It was given authority to ruleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone gave it authority to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
478DAN77g1ajwriting-symlanguage0a fourth animal…it had ten hornsThis is also not an actual animal. It is a symbolic creature. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
479DAN77w7ww0trampled underfoot“walked on and crushed”
480DAN78yr9d0General Information:Daniel continues to describe his vision of the fourth animal that the saw in [Daniel 7:7](../07/07.md).
481DAN78j87pfigs-metonymy0the hornsTranslators may write a footnote like this: “Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
482DAN78ga8dfigs-activepassive0Three of the first horns were wrenched out by the rootsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The little horn tore out three of the first horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
483DAN78d113figs-synecdoche0a mouth that was boasting about great thingsHere the horn was boasting, using its mouth to do so. Alternate translation: “the horn had a mouth and boasted about doing great things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
484DAN79dge1writing-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT and UST present them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
485DAN79hw4vfigs-activepassive0thrones were set in placeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone set thrones in their places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
486DAN79xvt90the Ancient of DaysThis is a title for God that means he is eternal. Alternate translation: “the One Who Has Lived Forever” or “the One Who Has Always Lived”
487DAN79rc8y0took his seat…His clothing…the hair of his headThis passage describes God as sitting down, with clothing and hair like a person. This does not mean that God really is like this, but it is how Daniel saw God in a vision.
488DAN79crh4figs-idiom0took his seatThis is an idiom that means he sat down. Alternate translation: “sat down on his throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
489DAN79imw80His clothing was as white as snowHis clothing is compared to snow to show that it was very white. Alternate translation: “His clothing was very white”
490DAN79d5iffigs-simile0the hair of his head was like pure woolSomething about Gods hair looked like pure wool. Possible meanings are that (1) it was very white or (2) it was thick and curly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
491DAN79jf7e0pure wool“clean wool” or “wool that is washed”
492DAN79c4le0His throne was flames…its wheels were burning fireThis describes the throne of God and its wheels as if they were made of fire. The words “flames” and “burning fire” mean basically the same thing and can be translated the same way.
493DAN79lhh40its wheelsIt is unclear why Gods throne is described as having wheels. Thrones normally do not have wheels, but the text clearly states that this throne has some kind of wheels. Use a general term for “wheels” if possible.
494DAN710eu94writing-symlanguage0General Information:Daniel continues to describe his vision of the court in heaven and the response to the fourth animal that he saw in [Daniel 7:7](../07/07.md). Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT and UST present them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
495DAN710rab3figs-metaphor0A river of fire flowed out from before himThe quick way in which fire came from the presence of God is spoken of as if it was water flowing in a river. Alternate translation: “Fire poured out in front of him like water in a river” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
496DAN710z1dt0before himThe word “him” refers to God, the Ancient of Days from [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
497DAN710gka40millionsThis probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “thousands of thousands” or “great numbers of people”
498DAN710f9kw0one hundred millionThis probably refers to a large group rather than to a precise number. Alternate translation: “tens of thousands times tens of thousands” or “uncountable numbers of people”
499DAN710h5d30The court was in sessionThis means that God, the judge, was ready to investigate the evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “The judge was ready to judge” or “The judge was seated”
500DAN710pyd50the books were openedThese are the books that contain the evidence to be used in court. Alternate translation: “the books of evidence were opened”
501DAN711cv150General Information:Daniel continues to describe his vision of the court in heaven and the response to the fourth animal that he saw in [Daniel 7:7](../07/07.md).
502DAN711g8lsfigs-activepassive0the animal was killed…to be burned upThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they killed the fourth animal, destroyed its body, and gave it to someone to burn it up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
503DAN711tqd6figs-explicit0the animal was killedThe animal was killed because the judge determined that it was guilty. Alternate translation: “they executed the animal” or “the judge commanded and they killed the animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
504DAN711pms30the animalThis refers to the fourth animal that had the ten horns and the horn that spoke boastfully. Alternate translation: “the most frightening animal” or “the animal that had the boastful horn”
505DAN712ayx90the rest of the four animalsIt may be clearer to say, “the other three animals.”
506DAN712dj5pfigs-activepassive0their authority to rule was taken awayThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the judge took away their authority to rule” or “their authority to rule ended” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
507DAN712ru76figs-activepassive0their lives were prolonged for a period of timeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they continued to live for a period of time” or “the judge let them live a little longer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
508DAN713lvf2writing-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 9-14 is symbolic language with parallel lines that have similar meaning. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
509DAN713j5t6figs-simile0I saw one coming…like a son of manThe person that Daniel saw was not a normal man, but had a human figure like a man. “I also saw that night someone coming who resembled a son of man, that is, he had a human figure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
510DAN713n5qi0with the clouds of heaven“with the clouds of the sky”
511DAN713ln6w0the Ancient of DaysThis refers to God who is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md)
512DAN713pjn2figs-activepassive0was presented before himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they presented this son of man to the Ancient of Days” or “he stood before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
513DAN714ai49figs-activepassive0Authority to rule and glory and royal power were given to himThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The one who looked like a son of man received authority to rule, glory, and royal power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
514DAN714yv4q0royal powerThis, here, refers to “authority.”
515DAN714hc6kfigs-metonymy0peoples, nations, and languagesHere “nations” and “languages” represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate translation: “people from different nations and who speak different languages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
516DAN714z6xffigs-parallelism0will not pass away…will never be destroyedThese two phrases mean the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
517DAN714sl8kfigs-activepassive0that will never be destroyedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one will ever destroy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
518DAN715xt3dfigs-parallelism0my spirit was grieved inside of me…the visions I saw in my mind troubled meThese two phrases describe how Daniel was feeling. The second one gives more information about the first one, explaining about his grieved spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
519DAN715g5s3figs-synecdoche0my spirit was grieved inside of meHere “my spirit” refers to Daniel himself. Alternate translation: “I was very sad inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
520DAN716z2w10one of them standing thereThis is one of the heavenly beings who were standing before Gods throne. Possible meanings (1) these are angels, spirits who serve God (2) these are people who have died and are now in heaven.
521DAN716fhe10to show me“to tell me” or “to explain to me”
522DAN716x45a0these things“the things I had seen”
523DAN717mw570These large animals, four in number,“These four large animals”
524DAN717s2iv0are four kings“represent four kings”
525DAN717e2vwfigs-idiom0four kings that will arise from the earthHere “from the earth” means they are real people. Alternate translation: “four kings who will come to power on the earth” or “four men who will rise up from among the people of the earth and become kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
526DAN718tz290they will possess it“they will rule over it”
527DAN718x83sfigs-doublet0forever and everThis repetition of ideas emphasizes that this kingdom will never come to an end. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
528DAN719qj780very horrifying“very frightening”
529DAN719fq880trampled on“walked on and crushed”
530DAN720e5t10the ten horns on its head“the ten horns on the head of the fourth animal”
531DAN720vi4r0grew up, and before which the three horns fell down“grew up, and about the three horns that fell down in front of it” or “grew up, and about the three horns that fell down because of it”
532DAN720vjs9figs-euphemism0before which the three horns fell downHere “fell down” is a euphemism that means they were destroyed.” Alternate translation: “which destroyed the three horns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
533DAN720frj10the mouth that boasted“its mouth that boasted” or “the mouth of the new horn, that boasted”
534DAN720f4250that seemed greater than its companionsthe horn with the eyes and a mouth seemed to be greater than the other horns
535DAN721xcl90this horn“this fourth horn.” This refers to the horn that is described in [Daniel 7:20](../07/20.md).
536DAN722pxx4figs-activepassive0until the Ancient of Days came, and justice was givenThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “until the Ancient of Days came and brought justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
537DAN722dui70Ancient of DaysThis is a title for God that emphasizes that he is eternal. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 7:9](../07/09.md).
538DAN722em4nfigs-activepassive0the holy people received the kingdomThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gave his kingdom to his holy people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
539DAN723ec9xwriting-symlanguage0General Information:Most of the text of verses 23-27 is symbolic language. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
540DAN723mv4h0This is what that person saidThis is the person that Daniel approached in [Daniel 7:16](../07/16.md).
541DAN723p7zf0that person said“that person answered”
542DAN723lqc90As for the fourth animal“Concerning the fourth animal” or “Now, about the fourth animal”
543DAN723t6gafigs-metaphor0It will devour…it into piecesThis does not mean the fourth kingdom will destroy the planet, but that it will brutally attack, conquer, and destroy all other kingdoms on earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
544DAN724x4nc0As for the ten horns“Concerning the ten horns” or “Now, about the ten horns”
545DAN724cn9pfigs-explicit0out of this kingdom ten kings will ariseThey will rule one after the other. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “ten kings will rule over this fourth kingdom, one after another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
546DAN724iw64figs-explicit0another will arise after themThis other king is not one of the ten. It may be helpful to refer to him as “the eleventh king.” Alternate translation: “after that an eleventh king will become powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
547DAN724qun40He will be different from the previous ones“He will be different from the other ten kings”
548DAN724x7hxfigs-explicit0he will conquer the three kingsHe will defeat three of the original ten kings. It may be helpful to state that those three kings are represented by the three horns that were pulled out. Alternate translation: “he will defeat the three kings that were represented by the three horns that were pulled out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
549DAN725w3b9writing-symlanguage0General Information:The man in Daniels vision continues talking to Daniel. Most of the text of verses 23-27 is symbolic language. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
550DAN725xih7figs-idiom0He will speak words against the Most HighThis means that the newest king will openly disagree with and say bad things about the Most High. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
551DAN725ce610He will try…into his handThe words “He” and “his” refer to the newest king, not the Most High.
552DAN725nt2f0the holy people“Gods holy people”
553DAN725w16z0change the festivals and the lawBoth terms refer to the law of Moses. The festivals were an important part of the religion of Israel in the Old Testament.
554DAN725hn8pfigs-metonymy0These things will be given into his handHere “his hand” refers to his control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The newest king will control the religous festivals and laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
555DAN725dnu40one year, two years, and half a yearThis means “three and half years.” This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. Try to translate it in a way that preserves this way of counting. Alternate translation: “one year plus two years plus six months”
556DAN726is1x0the court will be in sessionThis means that the judge will be ready to investigate evidence and make his judgment. Alternate translation: “the judge will judge” or “The judge will sit down”
557DAN726iln20they will take his royal power away“the members of the court will take the royal power away from the newest king”
558DAN726j3ya0royal powerThis, here, refers to “authority.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 7:14](../07/14.md).
559DAN726plf7figs-activepassive0to be consumed and destroyed at the endThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “and consume and destroy it in the end” or “and completely destroy his royal power in the end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
560DAN727dj39writing-symlanguage0General Information:The man in Daniels vision continues talking to Daniel. Most of the text of verses 23-27 is symbolic language. For this reason, the ULT presents them in poetic form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
561DAN727hh11figs-activepassive0The kingdom and the dominion…will be given to the peopleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will give the kingdom and the dominion…to the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
562DAN727c6lffigs-doublet0The kingdom and the dominionThese two terms mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this will concern all forms of official authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
563DAN727p5c7figs-abstractnouns0the greatness of the kingdomsThe abstract noun “greatness” can be translated with the adjective “great.” Alternate translation: “everything that is great about the kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
564DAN727ry7efigs-idiom0of the kingdoms under the whole heavenThe idiom “under the whole heaven” refers to the kingdoms on earth. Alternate translation: “of all the kingdoms on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
565DAN727eti40His kingdom“The kingdom of the Most High”
566DAN727t3ct0an everlasting kingdom“a kingdom that will exist forever” or “a kingdom that will never end”
567DAN728v6mq0Here is the end of the matterThis means that Daniel has finished describing the vision. Alternate translation: “That is what I saw in my vision” or “This is the end of the description of what I saw in my vision”
568DAN728am3a0my face changed in appearance“my face became pale”
569DAN8introcbk60# Daniel 08 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The vision of the ram and the male goat<br><br>Although specific interpretation of this vision is not given, most scholars believe Daniel saw Greece overthrowing Media-Persia before breaking up into four kingdoms. One of these kingdoms stopped the temple worship for a while and then it was restored. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/restore]])
570DAN81rft5writing-symlanguage0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 are not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king, before the rule of Darius and Cyrus that was discussed in chapter 6. In Daniels vision, he saw animals that were symbols of other things. Later in the vision someone explains the meaning of those symbols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
571DAN81b6kbtranslate-ordinal0In the third year“In year three” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
572DAN81er4q0BelshazzarThis is the son of Nebuchadnezzar who became king after his father. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 5:1](../05/01.md).
573DAN81h9fwwriting-background0had a vision appear to me (after the one…first)This is background information to remind the reader that this is Daniels second vision. Alternate translation: “had a second vision appear to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
574DAN82t4xy0fortressa walled city that was guarded and protected
575DAN82m8kvtranslate-names0Susa…Elam…Ulai CanalThese are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
576DAN82jfs10CanalA canal is a narrow man-made waterway.
577DAN83kh4swriting-symlanguage0a ram with two hornsIt is normal for rams to have two horns. These horns, however, have symbolic meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
578DAN83buj10but the longer…passed up in length by it“but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it”
579DAN84wrr20I saw the ram charging“I saw the ram rushing” or “I saw the ram running very quickly”
580DAN84s49efigs-metonymy0to rescue anyone out of his handRams do not have hands. Here “hand” refers to the rams power. Alternate translation: “to rescue anyone from him” or “to rescue anyone from his power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
581DAN85npd3figs-hyperbole0across the surface of the whole earthThe phrase “the whole earth” is an exaggeration that means he came from far away. Alternate translation: “from far away across the surface of the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
582DAN85jv2jfigs-explicit0The goat had a large horn between his eyesGoats have two horns on the sides of their heads. This image should be explained. Alternate translation: “The goat had a single large horn in the center of his head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
583DAN86ith50in a powerful rage“and it was very angry”
584DAN87u36k0trampledto crush something by stepping on it
585DAN87hh820the ram from his power“the ram from the goat because of his power”
586DAN88kr6f0the goat became very large“the goat became very large and strong”
587DAN88pt9jfigs-activepassive0the large horn was brokenThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “something broke off the large horn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
588DAN88z9lmfigs-idiom0toward the four winds of the heavensHere “the four winds of heaven” is an idiom that refers to the four main directions (north, east, south, west) from which the winds blow. Alternate translation: “in four different directions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
589DAN89ys250but which became very large“but it became very large”
590DAN89i3jg0in the south, in the east, and in the land of beautyThis probably means it pointed in those directions. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “and pointed toward the south and then toward the east and then toward the beautiful land of Israel”
591DAN89umn2figs-idiom0the land of beautyThis is a reference to the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
592DAN810pkh2figs-personification0It became so large as to engage in warHere the horn is given qualities of a person and is engaging in war. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
593DAN810h6exfigs-activepassive0Some of that army…thrown down to the earthThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: The horn threw some of that army and some of the stars down to the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
594DAN810iq57figs-personification0it trampled on themHere the horn is given qualities of a person that tramples on the stars and on the army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
595DAN811akq6figs-personification0General Information:The horn is given qualities of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
596DAN811x2bs0Connecting Statement:Daniel continues describing his vision of the horn ([Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md)).
597DAN811r2zzfigs-explicit0the commander of the armyThis refers to God himself, who is the leader of the angel army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
598DAN811i4px0It took away from him the regular burnt offeringHere “took away” means the horn stopped the offering. Here “him” refers to God, the commander of the army. Alternate translation: “It stopped the people from making their regular burnt offering to him”
599DAN811c2s4figs-activepassive0the place of his sanctuary was pollutedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “it defiled his sanctuary” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
600DAN812y31hfigs-metaphor0The horn will throw truth down to the groundThe horn ignoring truth and godliness is spoken of as if it will throw truth to the ground. Alternate translation: “The horn will reject the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
601DAN813lj180holy one“angel”
602DAN813b9yz0the handing over of the sanctuary“the surrender of the sanctuary”
603DAN813xj3ifigs-activepassive0heavens army being trampled onThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the horn trampling on heavens army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
604DAN814ed38translate-numbers02,300 evenings and mornings“Two thousand three hundred evenings and mornings.” Here “evenings and mornings” is a merism that refers to everything in between, which means full days. Alternate translation: “2,300 sunsets and sunrises” or “2,300 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
605DAN814j3q30the sanctuary will be put right“the temple will be purified and set in order again”
606DAN816h4dzfigs-synecdoche0a mans voice calling between the banks of the Ulai CanalHere a man is being referred to by his voice. Alternate translation: “a man calling from the Ulai Canal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
607DAN816c8qg0Ulai CanalA canal is a narrow man-made waterway. See how you translated this name in [Daniel 8:2](../08/02.md).
608DAN817c9ystranslate-symaction0prostrated myself on the groundThis is an act of worship in which someone lies flat on the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
609DAN817v6y50the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” This does not refer to the final moment in time, but rather to the events that will happen immediately before the end.
610DAN818c89u0a deep sleepThis is a type of sleep when someone is sleeping heavily and does not wake up easily.
611DAN819v9etfigs-explicit0the time of wrathThis refers to the time when God will judge. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the time when God judges in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
612DAN819zif50the appointed time for the end“the time when the world will end”
613DAN820bi9vwriting-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represent human rulers and kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
614DAN820zfr20two horns—they are“two horns—they represent”
615DAN820k8n7figs-metonymy0the kings of Media and PersiaPossible meanings are (1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or (2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate translation: “the kingdoms of Media and Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
616DAN821j9y9figs-metonymy0the king of GreecePossible meanings are (1) this refers to the king of Greece or (2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of Greece” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
617DAN821h37i0The large horn between his eyes is“The large horn between his eyes represents”
618DAN822j764writing-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
619DAN822qtr70As for the horn that was broken…four others arose“Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose”
620DAN822c6qnfigs-explicit0four kingdoms will arise from his nationThe four horns represent the four new kingdoms. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they represent the four kingdoms into which the kingdom of the first king will be divided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
621DAN822z39i0but not with his great power“but they will not have as much power as the king represented by the large horn”
622DAN823gk830At the latter time of those kingdoms“As those kingdoms approach their end”
623DAN823t2i50shall have reached their limit“have reached their full” or “have run their course”
624DAN823x2ku0grim-facedThis means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey.
625DAN824fm5ewriting-symlanguage0General Information:In these verses, the angel explains to Daniel the symbolic meaning of the things he saw in his vision. The animals and horns actually represented human rulers or kingdoms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage]])
626DAN824ue1c0but not by his own power“but someone else will give him his power”
627DAN825yq8rfigs-personification0he will make deceit prosperHere “deceit” is spoken of as if it is a person who will prosper. Alternate translation: “the amount of deception will increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
628DAN825u9tgfigs-metonymy0under his handHere “hand” refers to his rule. Alternate translation: “under his rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
629DAN825f6qi0King of kingsThis refers to God.
630DAN825asi1figs-metonymy0he will be brokenHere “he” refers to his power. Alternate translation: “his rule will end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
631DAN825cxx3figs-metonymy0not by any human handHere “hand” refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “not by any human power” or “by divine power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
632DAN826cp6e0General Information:The angel continues to instruct Daniel about the visions that Daniel saw.
633DAN826cer6figs-metaphor0seal up the visionThe angel speaks about the vision as if it were a scroll that could be closed with a wax seal. This prevented anyone from seeing the contents until the seal was broken. Alternate translation: “close and seal up what you have written about the vision” or “do not tell anyone about the vision now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
634DAN827us1l0was overcome and lay weak for several days“was exhausted and lay in bed sick for several days”
635DAN827c42h0went about the kings business“did the work that the king had assigned to me”
636DAN827v7gd0I was appalled by the vision“I was dismayed by the vision” or “I was very confused by the vision”
637DAN9introsz7n0# Daniel 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Daniel told the future<br>Gabriel told Daniel a prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt. Then later an anointed person would be killed and the worship at the temple stopped. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/anoint]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/temple]])<br><br>### The unusual expression of numbers in 9:24-26<br><br>This passage uses the expressions “seventy sevens of years,” “seven sevens and sixty-two sevens,” and “sixty-two sevens of years” to denote ““490 years,” “49 years and then 434 years,” and “434 years,” respectively. The original language uses the idea of a “week” to express the idea of a group of sevens, but these numbers are clearly meant to denote years, not weeks. Most translators should use the ways normal in their languages to express these numbers.
638DAN91a2ic0General Information:Chapters 7 and 8 were not in chronological order. They happened while Belshazzar was still the king. Chapter 9 now returns to the events of the reign of Darius who became king in chapter 6.
639DAN91lvl3writing-background0It was Ahasuerus who had been made king over the realm of the BabyloniansThis is background information about who Ahasuerus was. The UST places this in parentheses to make that clear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
640DAN91y3g6figs-activepassive0who had been made king over the realm of the BabyloniansThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “who became king over the realm of the Babylonians” or “who conquered the Babylonians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
641DAN91m6bc0over the realm“over the country” or “over the kingdom”
642DAN92h1p20YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
643DAN92y2g1translate-numbers0there would be seventy years until Jerusalems abandonment would end“from the time Jerusalem was destroyed, it would remain in ruins for 70 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
644DAN92zrc40abandonmentthis means no one would help or rebuild Jerusalem during that time
645DAN93xi1vfigs-metonymy0I turned my face to the Lord GodHere “face” represents Daniels attention. Alternate translation: “I focused my attention on the Lord God” or “I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
646DAN93v1yifigs-metaphor0to seek himThose who want to know Yahweh and please him are spoken of as if they are literally seeking to find Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
647DAN93ni5ztranslate-symaction0fasting, wearing sackcloth, and sitting in ashesThese are symbolic acts of repentance and sorrow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
648DAN94waz80I made confession of our sins“I confessed our sins”
649DAN94q4bd0you are the one who keeps the covenant and is faithful to love those“you do what you said you would do in your covenant, and you faithfully love those”
650DAN95wju10General Information:Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel.
651DAN95bz6lfigs-parallelism0We have sinned and have done what is wrongThese two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
652DAN95ie62figs-parallelism0We have acted wickedly and we have rebelledThese two phrases express one idea in two different ways for emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
653DAN95fu8vfigs-doublet0your commands and decreesThe words “commands” and “decrees” share similar meanings and refer to the whole law. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
654DAN96x5whfigs-metonymy0We have not listened to your servantsHere “not listened” means they did not obey their message. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed the message of your prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
655DAN96hp4wfigs-metonymy0spoke in your nameHere “name” refers to Gods authority. Alternate translation: “spoke with your authority” or “spoke as your representative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
656DAN96et6z0the people of the landHere “land” refers to Israel. Alternate translation: “the Israelite people”
657DAN97ei620General Information:Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel.
658DAN97fy69figs-metaphor0To you, Lord, belongs righteousnessBeing righteous is spoken of as if “righteousness” were an object that belongs to Yahweh. The abstract noun “righteousness” can be stated as “righteous.” Alternate translation: “Lord, you are righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
659DAN97x7i6figs-metaphor0To us today, however, belongs shame on our faces—for the peopleBeing ashamed is spoken of as if “shame” were an object that belongs to people. The abstract noun “shame” can be stated as “ashamed.” Alternate translation: “But as for us, we are ashamed of what we have done—the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
660DAN97k8fafigs-exclusive0To us todayThe word “us” includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
661DAN97kk5yfigs-idiom0belongs shame on our facesThis idiom means their shame is visible to all. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
662DAN97u1gy0because of the great treachery that we committed against you“because we greatly betrayed you” or “because we were very unfaithful to you”
663DAN99yg1d0General Information:Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel.
664DAN99vqm3figs-metaphor0To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgivenessHaving these traits is spoken of as if they belonged to the Lord. Alternate translation: “The Lord our God is compassionate and forgives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
665DAN910kf4gfigs-metonymy0We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our GodHere “voice” refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate translation: “We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
666DAN911b68wfigs-idiom0turned asideThe words “turned aside” mean that Israel stopped obeying Gods laws. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
667DAN911qk6kfigs-activepassive0that are written in the law of MosesThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that Moses wrote about in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
668DAN911n3rzfigs-metaphor0have been poured out on usThe abundance of the curse and the oath are spoken of as if they were poured out like water. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you have brought upon us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
669DAN912wrt90General Information:Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel.
670DAN912n2ngfigs-idiom0For under the whole of heavenThis is an idiom. Alternate translation: “For in the whole world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
671DAN912l46lfigs-activepassive0there has not been done anything“nothing has been done.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing has happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
672DAN912vbx2figs-activepassive0what has been done to JerusalemThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what you have done to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
673DAN913c1fbfigs-activepassive0As it is written in the law of MosesThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote in the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
674DAN913sk3zfigs-idiom0turning away from our iniquitiesHere stopping evil activity is spoken of as turning away from them. Alternate translation: “stopping our evil actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
675DAN914dxb50Yahweh has kept the disaster ready“Yahweh has prepared this disaster”
676DAN914up2afigs-metonymy0we have not obeyed his voiceHere “voice” refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate translation: “we have not done what he told us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
677DAN915wi6xfigs-metonymy0with a mighty handHere “mighty hand” is a metonym for strength. Alternate translation: “with great strength” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
678DAN915k82d0you have made a famous name for yourself, as in this present day“you caused people to know how great you are, as you still do today”
679DAN915u2zsfigs-parallelism0still we sinned; we have done wicked thingsThese two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
680DAN915h9adfigs-exclusive0we sinned; we have done wicked thingsDaniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, but “we” does not include God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
681DAN916zd1kfigs-doublet0your anger and your wrathThe words “anger” and “wrath” mean basically the same thing and emphasize how terrible Gods anger is when he acts on it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
682DAN916g4t80your holy mountainThis mountain may be holy because Gods temple is there. Alternate translation: “the mountain where your holy temple is”
683DAN916t4wbfigs-exclusive0our sins…our ancestorsHere “our” refers to Daniel and Israel, but not to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
684DAN916qcc30an object of scorn“a target of disrespect”
685DAN917e6hv0NowThis does not mean “at this moment”, but it is a way to show that the next phase in Daniels prayer is about to start.
686DAN917u437figs-123person0your servant…his pleas for mercyThe words “your servant” and “his” here refer to Daniel. He speaks about himself in the third person as a sign of respect for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
687DAN917ndy10pleas for mercy“requests for mercy”
688DAN917a4vqfigs-metaphor0make your face shine onThe writer speaks of Yahweh acting favorably as if Yahwehs face shone a light. Alternate translation: “act kindly toward” or “act with favor toward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
689DAN917b52l0your sanctuaryThis refers to the temple in Jerusalem.
690DAN918sv8afigs-idiom0open your ears and listenTo “open the ears” is an idiom that means to listen. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniels desire for God to listen to his prayer. Alternate translation: “please listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
691DAN918jqa4figs-idiom0open your eyes and seeTo “open the eyes” is an idiom that means to see. These two phrases means the same thing and emphasize Daniels desire for God to pay attention to his prayer. Alternate translation: “notice us” or “pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
692DAN918gw8ifigs-metonymy0is called by your nameHere “name” represents ownership. Alternate translation: “is your city” or “belongs to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
693DAN919y5zw0do not delayThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “act quickly”
694DAN920n3ma0my people Israel“the people of Israel to whom I belong”
695DAN921tmu9figs-explicit0the man GabrielThis is the same angel Gabriel who appeared in the form of a man in [Daniel 8:16](../08/16.md). Alternate translation: “Gabriel, who appeared as a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
696DAN921m9dw0in the vision at the firstThis may refer to the first vision that Daniel had while he was awake. Alternate translation: “in the previous vision” or “in the vision I saw before” or “in a vision before”
697DAN921ud8s0flew down to me in rapid flight“flew down to me quickly”
698DAN921i2as0at the time of the evening sacrificeThe Jewish people sacrificed to God each evening just before the sun went down.
699DAN922i4ukfigs-doublet0insight and understandingThe words “insight” and “understanding” mean the same thing and emphasize that Gabriel will help Daniel to understand the message completely. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
700DAN923bj8wfigs-activepassive0the order was givenThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God gave the order” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
701DAN923ke8t0consider this word“think about this message”
702DAN923dn8d0the revelationThis refers back to the prophesy of Jeremiah in [Daniel 9:2](../09/02.md).
703DAN924tn7g0Seventy sevens are decreed for your people and your holy city toGod decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city.
704DAN924x7sx0Seventy sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “Seventy times seven years”
705DAN924vmn4figs-you0your people and your holy cityThe word “your” here refers to Daniel. The people are the Israelites and the holy city is Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
706DAN924v75sfigs-parallelism0to end the guilt and put an end to sinThe idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
707DAN924dt4sfigs-idiom0to carry out the visionHere “carry out” is an idiom that means to accomplish. Alternate translation: “to accomplish the vision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
708DAN924z31hfigs-doublet0the vision and the prophecyThese words in this context mean the same thing. They ensure Daniel that Jeremiahs vision was indeed a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
709DAN925hg9s0and sixty-two sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. Alternate translation: “seven times seven years…and sixty-two times seven years”
710DAN925z58tfigs-doublet0Know and understandThese words are used together to make the importance clear. Alternate translation: “You must clearly understand” or “You must know for sure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
711DAN925cc6stranslate-symaction0the anointed oneAnointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
712DAN925mg6r0seven sevens…and sixty-two sevensThese added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24.
713DAN925tg7zfigs-activepassive0Jerusalem will be rebuiltThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People will rebuild Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
714DAN925gs6w0moata deep ditch around a city or building, usually with water in it
715DAN925q3nq0the times of distress“a time of great trouble”
716DAN926t9v50sixty-two sevensThis is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. See how you translated this number in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “sixty-two times seven”
717DAN926pru6figs-activepassive0the anointed one will be destroyed and will have nothingThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will destroy the anointed one and he will have nothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
718DAN926nzv40the anointed oneAnointing is a symbolic act to show that someone is chosen. See how you translated this title in [Daniel 9:25](../09/25.md). Alternate translation: “the person that God anoints” or “the person that God chooses”
719DAN926bn3z0a coming rulerThis is a foreign ruler, not “the anointed one.” Alternate translation: “a foreign ruler who will come” or “a powerful ruler who will come”
720DAN926hpa8figs-metaphor0Its end will come with a floodThe army will destroy the city and the holy place just as a flood destroys things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
721DAN926ite5figs-activepassive0Desolations have been decreedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has decreed ruin for the city and sanctuary” or “God has declared that the enemy army will destroy everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
722DAN927a45k0He will…he willThis refers to the coming ruler who will destroy the anointed one.
723DAN927zqk40one seven…In the middle of the sevenHere “seven” is used to refer to a period of seven years. Alternate translation: “seven years…Halfway through the seven years”
724DAN927rr1b0put an end to“stop” or “halt”
725DAN927jsh2figs-doublet0the sacrifice and the offeringThese words basically mean the same thing. The repetition is to show that the ruler will prevent all types of sacrifices. Alternate translation: “all forms of sacrificing” or “every type of offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
726DAN927e962figs-metonymy0the wing of abominationsThis may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called “abominations” because they are full of idols. Alternate translation: “the walls of the temple that are full of abominations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
727DAN927l2670someone who makes desolate“a person who completely destroys”
728DAN927i8lkfigs-activepassive0A full end and destruction are decreed to be poured outThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has decreed that he will pour out a full end and destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
729DAN927x6c9figs-doublet0A full end and destructionThese two words or expressions are basically the same. They emphasize how serious and complete the destruction will be. Alternate translation: “Complete destruction” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
730DAN927t53m0the one who has made the desolation“the person who caused the destruction”
731DAN10introrcw20# Daniel 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section where Daniel is given a prophecy about the future from an angel. This section continues for the remainder of the book. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
732DAN101if3jtranslate-ordinal0the third year of Cyrus king of Persia“year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king of Persia” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
733DAN101mci4figs-activepassive0a message was revealed to DanielThis can also be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God revealed a message to Daniel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
734DAN101vf8c0insightthe ability to understand more than what can be seen
735DAN103xqe90delicaciesThese are expensive or rare kinds of food. Alternate translation: “fancy foods”
736DAN103af3y0until the completion of three entire weeks“until the end of three entire weeks”
737DAN104s7nctranslate-hebrewmonths0On the twenty-fourth day of the first monthThis is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
738DAN105p8b10with a belt around his waist“and he was wearing a belt”
739DAN105q62ttranslate-names0UphazUphaz is a place. Its location is not known (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
740DAN106pv61figs-simile0His body was like topazHis body gleamed with blue or yellow light as if it were made of topaz. Alternate translation: “his body gleamed like topaz” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
741DAN106yce20topaza blue or yellow gemstone, also known as beryl, peridot, or chrysolite
742DAN106e9xcfigs-simile0his face was like lightningHis face shone brightly as a bolt of lightning shines. Alternate translation: “his face shone with light as bright as the flash of lightning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
743DAN106v1ewfigs-simile0His eyes were like flaming torchesHis eyes were bright with light as if they were flaming torches. Alternate translation: “his eyes were so bright that it seemed they had torches burning inside them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
744DAN106ugr5figs-simile0his arms and his feet were like polished bronzeHis arms and feet were as shiny as if they were made of polished bronze. Alternate translation: “his arms and feet shone like polished bronze that reflects the light around it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
745DAN106vkv7figs-simile0The sound of his words was like the sound of a great crowdHis voice was so loud that it was as if a crowd of people were all talking loudly. Alternate translation: “his voice was as loud as a huge crowd all calling out together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
746DAN108gpj1figs-activepassive0So I was left alone and sawThis can be stated in active form. “No one was with me, and I saw” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
747DAN108tiw7figs-activepassive0my bright appearance was turned into a ruined lookThis can be stated in active form. “my bright appearance turned into looking ruined” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
748DAN108pp1zfigs-idiom0my bright appearanceThis describes the face of someone who is healthy. Alternate translation: “my healthy-looking face” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
749DAN108fy67figs-metaphor0a ruined lookSomeones unhealthy, pale face is spoken of as if it were a ruined building. Alternate translation: “pale” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
750DAN109kc4lfigs-idiom0I fell on my face in deep sleepPossible meanings are: (1) Daniel was so scared by what he saw that he deliberately laid on the ground, where he then fainted or (2) Daniel fainted and then fell forward onto the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
751DAN1010q7sgfigs-synecdoche0A hand touched meHere a persons hand represents that person, probably the man whom Daniel saw in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md). Alternate translation: “Someone touched me with his hand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
752DAN1011uuf2figs-activepassive0Daniel, man greatly treasuredThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Daniel, you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
753DAN1011r2td0greatly treasuredmuch valued and loved
754DAN1012xbp60you set your mind to understand“you determined to understand the vision”
755DAN1012n99afigs-activepassive0your words were heardThis can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “God heard your words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
756DAN1013qc850princeHere this refers to a spirit who has authority over a human nation. Alternate translation: “spirit prince”
757DAN1013rag20the kings of PersiaThis probably refers to the various kings who ruled over nations in the Persian Empire, and who had to obey the king of Persia.
758DAN1013as4y0Michael, one of the chief princes“Michael, on of the chief angels” or “Michael, one of the archangels”
759DAN1014b23e0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
760DAN1015lq7d0I turned my face toward the ground“I looked at the ground.” Daniel may have done this to show humble reverence, or because he was afraid.
761DAN1016dt5j0One who was like the sons of manThis may refer to the one who had just spoken to Daniel. However, some versions interpret it as referring to a different person. Alternate translation: “This one, who looked like a human”
762DAN1016wv9efigs-idiom0like the sons of manHere this expression refers to human beings in general. Alternate translation: “like a human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
763DAN1016na7s0agonysevere emotional suffering
764DAN1017t4pnfigs-rquestion0I am your servant. How can I talk with my master?Daniel asks this question meaning that he cannot speak to the angel because he is not the angels equal. These sentences can be combined. Alternate translation: “I am not able to answer you because I am only your servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
765DAN1017by59figs-idiom0there is no breath left in meThis idiom refers to breathing. Alternate translation: “I cannot breathe” or “its very hard to breathe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
766DAN1018wh3x0the one with an appearance of a man“the one who looked like a human”
767DAN1019j55a0Be strong now, be strongThe words “be strong” are repeated for emphasis.
768DAN1019w36nfigs-activepassive0man greatly treasuredThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you whom God greatly treasures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
769DAN1019u5hyfigs-activepassive0I was strengthenedThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I became strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
770DAN1020tku10the prince of PersiaHere “prince” refers to a spirit who rules and guards a human nation. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md). Alternate translation: “the spirit prince of Persia”
771DAN1021k4rhfigs-explicit0But I will tell youThis implies that the angel will tell Daniel about this immediately, before he goes away. Alternate translation: “But first I will tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
772DAN1021gx6afigs-activepassive0what is written in the Book of TruthThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what the Book of Truth says” or “what someone wrote in the Book of Truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
773DAN1021f6mz0who shows himself to be strong“who proves himself to be strong”
774DAN1021x9us0There is no one who shows himself to be strong with me against them, except Michael your prince“Michael your prince is the only one to show himself strong with me against them” or “Michael your prince is the only one who helps me against them”
775DAN1021t5rlfigs-you0Michael your princeThe word “your” is plural. It refers to Daniel and the rest of the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Michael, the prince of your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
776DAN1021p2z50Michael your prince“Michael your guardian angel.” Translate “prince” when it refers to Michael as you did [Daniel 10:13](../10/13.md).
777DAN11introee960# Daniel 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The final prophecy continues in this chapter. The kings of the North and of the South will fight many wars against each other. The king of the South is probably a reference to Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])
778DAN111iik80General Information:In Daniel 11:1 through 12:4, the one who was speaking to Daniel in chapter 10 tells him what is written in the book of truth. This is as he said he would do in [Daniel 10:21](../10/21.md).
779DAN111rm8afigs-explicit0In the first year of DariusDarius was the King of the Medes. “The first year” refers to the first year that he was king. Alternate translation: “In the first year of the reign of Darius” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
780DAN112eq9g0Three kings will arise in Persia“Three kings will rule over Persia”
781DAN112ed2ctranslate-ordinal0a fourth will be far richer than all the others“after them a fourth king will come into power who will have more money than the three before him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
782DAN112dk4x0powerPossible meanings are (1) authority or (2) military power.
783DAN112e62r0he will stir up everyone“he will cause everyone to want to fight”
784DAN113y2cv0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
785DAN113l9xyfigs-metaphor0A mighty king will rise upThe idea of rising up or standing is often used for someone who becomes powerful. Alternate translation: “A mighty king will begin to reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
786DAN113xg790who will rule a very great kingdomPossible meanings are (1) that the size of this kingdom would be very great, or (2) that the king would rule his kingdom with very great power.
787DAN114ti9pfigs-activepassive0his kingdom will be broken and dividedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his kingdom will break apart and divide” or “his kingdom will break apart into pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
788DAN114ewb20the four winds of heavenSee how you translated this in [Daniel 7:2](../07/02.md).
789DAN114v3mcfigs-ellipsis0but not to his own descendantsThe idea of not being divided and shared out is implied here. Alternate translation: “but it will not be divided for his own descendants” or “but it will not be shared by his own descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
790DAN114a3z5figs-activepassive0his kingdom will be uprooted for others besides his descendantsThe kingdom is spoken of as if it were a plant that someone destroyed by uprooting it. This idea can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “another power will uproot and destroy his kingdom and others who are not his descendants will rule over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
791DAN115vns20General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
792DAN115xd9k0one of his commanders will become even stronger than he and will rule his kingdom with great powerA commander of the king of the South will become the king of the North.
793DAN116lv1j0they will make an allianceThe king of the South will make an alliance with the king of the North. This alliance would be a formal agreement that both nations are required to follow. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and the king of the North will promise to work together”
794DAN116n6pd0The daughter of the king of the South will come…to confirm the agreementThe king of the South will give his daughter in marriage to the king of the North. The marriage will confirm the agreement between the two kings.
795DAN116lf4zfigs-metaphor0her arms strength…his armHere “arm” stands for power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
796DAN116d6vsfigs-activepassive0She will be abandonedThis appears to refer to a plot to kill her and those who made the alliance. This phrase may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “They will abandon her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
797DAN117r8ie0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
798DAN117dvw9figs-metaphor0a branch from her rootsThis family is spoken of as if it were a tree. The roots represent ancestors, and the branch represents a descendant. Alternate translation: “a descendant of her ancestors” or “one of her descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
799DAN117rfw30her rootsThe word “her” refers to the daughter of the king of the South in [Daniel 11:6](../11/06.md).
800DAN117u8jkfigs-synecdoche0He will attack the armyThe word “he” refers to her descendant, and here it also refers to his army. Alternate translation: “He and his army will attack the army of the king of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
801DAN117jj5j0He will fight themHere “them” represents the soldiers of the enemy army. Alternate translation: “He will fight the enemy soldiers”
802DAN119lpm60but he will withdrawThe word “he” refers to the king of the North.
803DAN1110l8lr0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
804DAN1110b8ne0His sons“The sons of the king of the North”
805DAN1110d4ad0assemble a great army“gather together many men who can fight in battles”
806DAN1110t3xufigs-simile0will flood everythingThe way the large army covers the land will be like a flood of water. Alternate translation: “will be so great in number that they will cover all the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
807DAN1111m2y40General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
808DAN1111z45y0will raise up a great army“will assemble a great army”
809DAN1111wzt8figs-activepassive0the army will be given into his handHere “hand” represents the control of the king of the South. Alternate translation: “the king will surrender the army to the king of the South” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
810DAN1112dv6kfigs-activepassive0The army will be carried offThis may be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “The king of the South will capture the army of the North” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
811DAN1112sc8afigs-metaphor0will be lifted upBeing lifted up represents the idea of becoming very proud. Alternate translation: “will become very proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
812DAN1112yul2figs-metonymy0will make tens of thousands to fallHere falling represents dying in battle. Alternate translation: “will have his army kill many thousands of his enemies” or “will kill many thousands of his enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
813DAN1112tj1utranslate-numbers0tens of thousands“many thousands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
814DAN1113e9560General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
815DAN1113lhx7figs-activepassive0a great army supplied with much equipmentThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “a great army that has much equipment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
816DAN1114z7g20General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
817DAN1114d4rtfigs-metaphor0many will rise against the kingHere the idea of rising up represents rebelling. Alternate translation: “many people will rebel against the king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
818DAN1114l5gpfigs-metaphor0Sons of the violentThis expression stands for violent people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
819DAN1114rd3tfigs-metaphor0they will stumbleHere stumbling represents failing. Alternate translation: “they will not succeed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
820DAN1115r1i60General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
821DAN1115eu1nfigs-synecdoche0The king of the North will comeHere “king of the North” includes his army also. Alternate translation: “The army of the king of the North will come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
822DAN1115tqb10pour out earth for siege moundsThis refers to the piling up of earth in order for soldiers to reach the height of city walls in order to attack them. Soldiers and slaves would put loose earth in baskets, carry them to the right place, and pour it out in order to raise the mounds.
823DAN1115f3vi0fortificationswalls and other things built to defend a city or fort from enemy soldiers
824DAN1115em5hfigs-metonymy0will not be able to standHere standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate translation: “will not be able to keep fighting against them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
825DAN1116nm4j0the one who comes will act according to his desires against him“the invading king will do whatever he wants against the other king”
826DAN1116zl4ifigs-metonymy0He will stand inHere standing represents ruling. Alternate translation: “The king will begin to rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
827DAN1116d31f0the land of beautyThis refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md).
828DAN1116bmr3figs-metaphor0destruction will be in his handHere “destruction” represents the power to destroy. Also, the power to destroy is spoken of as if it were something that someone could hold in his hand. Alternate translation: “he will have power to destroy anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
829DAN1117s8fx0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
830DAN1117cr5ffigs-idiom0set his faceThis is an idiom for a person deciding to do something and not being willing to change his mind. Alternate translation: “decide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
831DAN1117hz1pfigs-metonymy0come with the strength of his entire kingdomThis probably refers to military power. Alternate translation: “come with the force of all his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
832DAN1117pl8vfigs-idiom0a daughter of womenThis is an elegant way of saying “a woman.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
833DAN1118y98a0will end his arrogance“will make the king of the North stop being arrogant”
834DAN1118t5p90will cause his arrogance to turn back upon him“will cause the king of the North to suffer because he was arrogant toward others”
835DAN1119ef5y0he will pay attention“the king of the North will pay attention”
836DAN1119x9wdfigs-idiom0he will not be foundThis is a way of saying that he will die. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he will disappear” or “he will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
837DAN1120yg3t0General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
838DAN1120kdc5figs-metaphor0someone will rise up in his placeRising up in a kings place represents becoming king in place of the previous king. Alternate translation: “another man will become king of the North instead of that king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
839DAN1120j9ngfigs-explicit0will make a tax collector pass throughThe tax collector will go through the land forcing people to pay taxes. Alternate translation: “will send someone to make the people pay taxes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
840DAN1120c17cfigs-metaphor0he will be brokenHere “he” refers to the new king. Being broken represents dying. Alternate translation: “the new king will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
841DAN1120j9t5figs-metaphor0but not in angerPossible meanings are (1) no one was angry at the king, or (2) that the occasion and cause of the kings death were kept secret. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
842DAN1121jzb9figs-activepassive0a despised person to whom the people will not have given the honor of royal powerThe people will refuse to acknowledge him as king because he is not a descendant of kings. Alternate translation: “a person whom the people will despise and will not honor as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
843DAN1122h918figs-activepassive0An army will be swept away like a flood from before himBeing swept away represents being destroyed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “His army will completely destroy a great army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
844DAN1122pp6nfigs-activepassive0Both that army and the leader of the covenant will be destroyedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will destroy that army and the leader of the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
845DAN1122kdw50the leader of the covenant“the leader of the priests.” This phrase refers to the person who filled the most important religious position that God required in his covenant, that of the high priest.
846DAN1123hq640General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
847DAN1123ws3qfigs-activepassive0From the time an alliance is made with himThis can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When other rulers make a peace treaty with him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
848DAN1124ml780will spread among his followers“will distribute to his followers”
849DAN1124e41l0the booty, the plunder, and the wealth“the valuable things that he and his army take from the people they defeat”
850DAN1125skn80General Information:The angel continues speaking to Daniel.
851DAN1125gu4afigs-personification0He will wake up his power and his heartPower and heart (that is, courage) are spoken of as if they were people whom someone could wake up in order to make them act. Alternate translation: “He will make himself powerful and will become courageous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
852DAN1125xr4ifigs-metaphor0heartHere this represents courage. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
853DAN1125l4sg0with a great army“with a great army that he will assemble”
854DAN1125iy350will wage war“will fight against him”
855DAN1125a8rnfigs-metaphor0he will not standNot standing represents being defeated. Alternate translation: “the king of the South will be defeated” or “his army will be defeated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
856DAN1126q6x3figs-metonymy0those who eat his fine foodThis refers to the kings advisers. It was usual for a kings most trusted advisers to eat meals with him. Alternate translation: “the kings best advisers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
857DAN1126ia23figs-metaphor0His army will be swept away like a floodHere the severe defeat of an army is spoken of as a flood of water that completely sweeps it away. Alternate translation: “The enemy will completely defeat his army” or “His enemy will completely destroy his army as a flood destroys everything in its path” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
858DAN1126vhr4figs-idiom0many of them will fall killedHere “fall” is an idiom that refers to dying in battle, so “fall” and “killed” mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “many of his soldiers will die in battle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
859DAN1127uf6ffigs-metaphor0with their hearts set on evil against each otherHere “heart” represents a persons desires. Desires are spoken of here as if they were an object that someone could set or place in a certain position. Alternate translation: “each determined to do evil to the other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
860DAN1127hy3ifigs-metonymy0will sit at the same tableSitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
861DAN1127l9y80but it will be of no use“but their talking will not help them”
862DAN1127yqf8figs-activepassive0For the end will come at the time that has been fixedThis tells why their meetings will not be successful. Alternate translation: “The result of their actions will only come at the time that God has fixed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
863DAN1128gj2cfigs-metonymy0riches, with his heart set against the holy covenantHere “heart” represents the mind or thoughts of a person. The idiom “his heart set against” means to be determined to oppose something. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “riches. He will be determined to oppose the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
864DAN1128bn8yfigs-metonymy0with his heart set against the holy covenantThe kings desire to act against the holy covenant represents his desire to stop the Israelites from obeying that covenant. Alternate translation: “determined to stop the Israelites from obeying the holy covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
865DAN1128x22z0the holy covenantHere “holy” describes Gods covenant with Israel. It implies that the covenant should be honored and obeyed because it comes from God himself. Alternate translation: “Gods covenant, which all the Israelites should obey”
866DAN1128cg5dfigs-explicit0He will actThis implies that the king will do certain actions in Israel. Alternate translation: “He will do what he wants to in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
867DAN1130ql6sfigs-metonymy0ships of Kittim will come against himThe ships represent the army coming in those ships. Alternate translation: “an army will come from Kittim in ships in order to fight his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
868DAN1130vt1jtranslate-names0KittimThis may refer to a settlement on the island of Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
869DAN1130n36n0He will be furious against the holy covenant“He will hate the holy covenant”
870DAN1130y4cm0will show favor to those“will act in favor for those” or “will help those”
871DAN1131n2xyfigs-idiom0His forces will rise up“His army will appear” or “His army will come.” The word “His” refers to the king of the North. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
872DAN1131cjf50the fortress sanctuary“the sanctuary that the people use as a fortress”
873DAN1131gq2gfigs-metaphor0They will take away the regular burnt offeringTaking away the offering represents preventing people from offering it. Alternate translation: “They will stop the priests from presenting the regular burnt offering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
874DAN1131e91vfigs-idiom0the abomination that causes desolationThis refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
875DAN1132g7nd0acted wickedly against the covenant“wickedly disobeyed the covenant”
876DAN1132qcz60corrupt them“persuade them to do evil”
877DAN1132th7nfigs-metonymy0who know their GodHere “know” means “be faithful.” Alternate translation: “who are faithful to their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
878DAN1132v4tg0will be strong and will take action“will be firm and resist them”
879DAN1133fs3lfigs-metaphor0they will stumble by the sword and by flameHere “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. Here “sword” represents battles and warfare, and “flame” represents fire. Alternate translation: “they will die in battle and by burning to death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
880DAN1133i91v0theyThis refers to the wise persons among the Israelites.
881DAN1133kc6hfigs-metaphor0they will stumble into captivity and into being robbed for daysHere “stumble” is a metaphor that represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. The phrase “being robbed” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will become slaves and their enemies will rob them of their possessions for days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
882DAN1134ji6cfigs-activepassive0they will be helped with a little helpThis may be put into active form. Alternate translation: “others will give them a little help” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
883DAN1134z23f0In hypocrisy many will join themselves with themThis refers to other people who will pretend to help the wise persons, but not because they truly wish to help them.
884DAN1134w3l4figs-metaphor0will join themselvesHere “join themselves” represents “come to help.” Alternate translation: “will come to help them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
885DAN1135u9tw0Some of the wise will stumble…until the time of the endThis suffering will continue until the time when God has decided that it will end.
886DAN1135f174figs-metaphor0Some of the wise will stumbleHere “stumble” represents experiencing a disaster of one kind or another, including death itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
887DAN1135ip6i0so that refining will happen to themHere “so that” means “with the result that.” Alternate translation: “with the result that refining will happen to them”
888DAN1135c7itfigs-abstractnouns0refining will happen to them, and cleansing, and purifyingThese three activities are expressed here as if they were things. However, they may be expressed as actions, either in passive form or in active form. Alternate translation: “they will be refined, cleansed, and purified” or “their suffering will refine, cleanse, and purify them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
889DAN1135t14zfigs-metaphor0refiningThis refers to the purifying of metal by melting it in a fire. When God makes his people more faithful to himself, this is spoken of as if they were metal that a worker was making more pure by putting it into fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
890DAN1135x3zqfigs-metaphor0cleansingThis refers to making people, places, or objects suitable for Gods use by separating them from sin and other forms of evil. It speaks of evil as if it were physical dirtiness that could be removed by washing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
891DAN1135xl1lfigs-metaphor0purifyingThis idea is very similar to refining, discussed earlier. Metal that is refined can also be said to be purified. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
892DAN1135p8p80time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
893DAN1135a7hv0the appointed time is still to comeHere “appointed time” implies that God has set the time. This can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has set the time in the future”
894DAN1136ytf50The king will act according to his desires“The king will do whatever he wants”
895DAN1136pn6u0The kingThis refers to the king of the North.
896DAN1136v9x7figs-doublet0lift himself up and make himself greatThe phrases “lift himself up” and “make himself great” mean the same thing and indicate that the king will become very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
897DAN1136sy4cfigs-metaphor0lift himself upHere this represents becoming very proud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
898DAN1136z6ykfigs-metaphor0make himself greatHere this represents pretending to be very important and powerful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
899DAN1136w4pmfigs-idiom0the God of godsThis refers to the one true God. Alternate translation: “the supreme God” or “the only true God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
900DAN1136s1730astonishing things“terrible things” or “shocking things”
901DAN1136m82mfigs-metaphor0until the wrath is completedThis phrase pictures God as storing up his wrath until his storeroom is completely full of it and he is ready to act according to it. Alternate translation: “until God is completely angry with him” or “until God is angry enough to take action against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
902DAN1137swa40the god desirable to womenThis seems to refer to the pagan god named Tammuz.
903DAN1138a7fh0the god of fortressesThe king probably believed that this false god would help him to attack other peoples fortresses and keep his own. Alternate translation: “the god that controls fortresses”
904DAN1138zdm80instead of theseThe word “these” refers to the gods mentioned in [Daniel 11:37](../11/37.md).
905DAN1139xrm10he will divide up the land as a rewardPossible meanings are (1) “he will give the land to his followers as a reward” or (2) “he will sell land to his followers”
906DAN1140tuf10the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
907DAN1140m1zifigs-synecdoche0the king of the South…The king of the NorthThese phrases stand for the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “the king of the South and his army…The king of the North and his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
908DAN1140r8tvfigs-metaphor0will storm against himViolently attacking with an army is spoken of as if a storm happened. Alternate translation: “will attack him like a violent storm” or “will violently attack him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
909DAN1140nk95figs-metaphor0flood themWhen an army overruns a country, it is spoken of as if a flood occurred. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:10](../11/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
910DAN1140pc82figs-explicit0pass throughNothing will stop the army. Alternate translation: “will pass through the lands with no one to stop him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
911DAN1141w7zh0the land of beautyThis refers to the land of Israel. See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:9](../08/09.md) and [Daniel 11:16](./16.md).
912DAN1141v51yfigs-metonymy0will fallHere falling represents the action of dying. Alternate translation: “will die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
913DAN1141vkd7figs-metonymy0But these will escape from his handHere “hand” represents power. Alternate translation: “But these will escape from his power” or “But he will not be able to destroy these nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
914DAN1142bs1v0General Information:This is still about the king of the North.
915DAN1142ti2efigs-metaphor0He will extend his hand into landsHere “hand” represents power and control. Alternate translation: “He will extend his control over various lands” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
916DAN1142ef52figs-explicit0into landsHere the idea is many lands or various lands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
917DAN1142w3i4figs-activepassive0the land of Egypt will not be rescuedThis can be put into active form. Alternate translation: “the land of Egypt will not escape” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
918DAN1143n537figs-idiom0the Libyans and the Cushites will be in his footstepsHere “footsteps” represent submission. Alternate translation: “the Libyans and the Cushites will have to serve him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
919DAN1143qp3ztranslate-names0the Libyans and the Cushites“the people of Libya and Cush.” Libya is a country west of Egypt, and Cush is a country south of Egypt. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
920DAN1144m79f0General Information:This is still about the king of the North.
921DAN1144et68figs-abstractnouns0he will go out with great rageThe abstract noun “rage” can be expressed with the word “angry.” It can be stated clearly that he would go out with his army. Alternate translation: “he will be very angry and will go out” or “he will become very angry and will go out with his army” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
922DAN1144n5jufigs-metonymy0go outTo “go out” represents the action of attacking the enemy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
923DAN1144dsf10to set many apart for destruction“to destroy many people”
924DAN1145cil20the tent of his royal residenceThis refers to the kings luxurious tents that he lived in when he was with his army in time of war.
925DAN1145dk8u0between the seas and the mountain of the beauty of holinessThis probably refers to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
926DAN1145k8spfigs-metonymy0the mountain of the beauty of holinessThis refers to the hill in Jerusalem where Gods temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
927DAN12introl8k20# Daniel 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The final prophecy concludes in this chapter. It tells about the future resurrection of the dead and the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/resurrection]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judgmentday]])
928DAN121l9vr0General Information:The angel who appeared to Daniel in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md) continues speaking.
929DAN121c4hl0Michael, the great princeMichael is an archangel. Here he is also given the title “great prince.”
930DAN121svv2figs-idiom0Michael…will rise upHere “rise up” is an idiom that means to appear. Alternate translation: “Michael…will appear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
931DAN121c1icfigs-activepassive0your people will be savedThis can be stated in active form. You can also make it clear that God will save the people. Alternate translation: “God will save your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
932DAN121n3vdfigs-activepassive0whose name is found written in the bookThis can be stated in active form. You can also make it clear that God writes names in the book. Alternate translation: “whose name God has written in the book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
933DAN122e327figs-euphemism0those who sleep in the dust of the earth will rise upThe phrase “sleep in the dust of the earth” is another way of referring to those who have died. Here “rise up” is an idiom that means to come back to life. Alternate translation: “those who have died will come back to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
934DAN123yt7bfigs-simile0Those who are wise will shine like the brightness of the sky aboveThis refers to Gods people who will share their wisdom with those around them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
935DAN123g6t2figs-metaphor0those who turn many to righteousnessThis refers to those who help others understand that they are separated from God, as if they were changing the direction in which they were going. Alternate translation: “those who teach others to live righteously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
936DAN123jd17figs-simile0those who turn…are like the stars forever and everThese people are compared to the stars that shine. Alternate translation: “those who turn…will shine brightly like the stars forever and ever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
937DAN124qed5figs-metonymy0close up these words; keep the book sealedHere “words” represents the book. Alternate translation: “close this book and keep it sealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
938DAN124mb3v0time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
939DAN124krj6figs-explicit0Many will run here and there, and knowledge will increaseThis seems to happen before “the time of the end” during which time the book is sealed. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Before that happens, many people will travel here and there, learning more and more about many things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
940DAN125q8a80General Information:Daniel goes on to tell what he saw next in this vision that began in [Daniel 10:1](../10/01.md).
941DAN125mxu10there were two others standing“there were two other angels standing”
942DAN126d2x2figs-activepassive0the man clothed in linenThis refers to the angel who appeared to Daniel in [Daniel 10:5](../10/05.md), not to one of the angels who is standing beside the river. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
943DAN126cw1u0upstream along the riverPossible meanings are (1) the angel clothed in linen was above the river or (2) the angel was further upstream along the river.
944DAN126x2yz0How long will it be to the end of these amazing events?“How long will these amazing events last?” This refers to the time from the beginning to the end of the events.
945DAN126g6y70these amazing eventsAt the time when the angel spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
946DAN127z28bfigs-activepassive0the man clothed in linenThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the man who was wearing linen clothes” or “the angel who was wearing linen clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
947DAN127s5j30the one who lives forever“God, who lives forever”
948DAN127i56r0it would be for a time, times, and half a timeIt is best to leave it ambiguous as to when this begins. If you must choose a starting point, the three and a half years probably start with the events of [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md).
949DAN127rue10a time, times, and half a time“three and a half years.” These “times” are generally understood to refer to years. One and two and a half equal three and a half.
950DAN127fme6figs-activepassive0all these things will be completedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all these things will have happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
951DAN127ir930all these thingsAt the time when the man clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
952DAN128as7u0My masterDaniel refers to the angel clothed in linen as “My master” to show respect to the angel.
953DAN128cd6n0of all these thingsAt the time when the angel clothed in linen spoke to Daniel, none of the events in this vision had happened. This definitely refers to the events in [Daniel 12:1-4](./01.md), and may possibly also include the events in the vision from chapter 11.
954DAN129g3nwfigs-metaphor0for the words are shut up and sealedThe vision that was given to Daniel was not to be explained. The book was sealed and no one could access it. Alternate translation: “for you are to close up and seal the words you have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
955DAN129c98p0the time of the end“the final days” or “the end of the world.” See how you translated this in [Daniel 8:17](../08/17.md).
956DAN1210znp40General Information:The angel clothed in linen continues speaking to Daniel.
957DAN1210k53ffigs-activepassive0Many will be purified, cleansed, and refinedYahweh does the purifying. These three terms mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will purify, cleanse, and refine many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
958DAN1210nnz40refinedpurified by removing anything that does not belong in them
959DAN1210b2dg0but the wicked will act wickedlyThe evil people will do evil or sinful things.
960DAN1210z62c0None of the wicked will understandThe evil people can not understand spiritual knowledge.
961DAN1210j8740but those who are wise will understand“but those who obey Yahweh are wise and will understand”
962DAN1211ux9kfigs-explicit0the regular burnt offering is…is set upThe king of the north is the one who stops the temple sacrifices. Alternate translation: “the king of the North takes away the regular burnt offering and sets up the abomination that causes complete desolation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
963DAN1211cg65figs-idiom0the abomination that causes complete desolationThis refers to an idol that will make the temple desolate, that is, that will cause God to leave his temple. See how you translated this in [Daniel 11:31](../11/31.md). Alternate translation: “the disgusting idol that will cause God to abandon the temple” or “the disgusting thing that will make the temple unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
964DAN1211f32xtranslate-numbers01,290 days“one thousand two and hundred ninety days” or “twelve hundred and ninety days.” Here “days” refers to a period of time. Most commonly rendered as days, but can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
965DAN1212f6x50General Information:The angel clothed in linen continues speaking to Daniel.
966DAN1212gpx30Blessed is the one who waits“Blessed is the person who waits” or “Blessed is anyone who waits”
967DAN1212dy9t0who waits“who remains faithful”
968DAN1212lqv9translate-numbers0the 1,335 days“one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days” or “thirteen hundred and thirty-five days.” Here “days” is referring to a period of time most commonly rendered as days. However, it can also imply years. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
969DAN1213md7k0You must go“Daniel, you must go” This refers to Daniel continuing to live and serve the kings until the appointed time of his death.
970DAN1213gv9dfigs-euphemism0you will restThis is a gentle way of saying “you will die.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
971DAN1213kjx50You will riseThis is referring to the first resurrection of the dead when the righteous people will be raised up.
972DAN1213vf3x0the place assigned to you“the place God has assigned to you”