Testing_ABC_en_tn/en_tn_55-1TI.tsv

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21TIfrontintrowy830# Introduction to 1 Timothy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy<br><br>1. Greetings (1:1,2)<br>1. Paul and Timothy<br>- Warning about false teachers (1:3-11)<br>- Paul thankful for what Christ has done in his ministry (1:12-17)<br>- He calls Timothy to fight in this spiritual battle (1:18-20)<br>1. Prayer for all (2:1-8)<br>1. Roles and responsibilities in the church (2:9-6:2)<br>1. Warnings<br>- Second warning about false teachers (6:3-5)<br>- Money (6:6-10)<br>1. Description of a man of God (6:11-16)<br>1. Note to the wealthy people (6:17-19)<br>1. Closing words to Timothy (6:20,21)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>This book is the first letter Paul wrote to Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote it near the end of his life.<br><br>### What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?<br><br>Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “1 Timothy” or “First Timothy.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Pauls First Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is discipleship?<br><br>Discipleship is the process of making people to be disciples of Christ. The goal of discipleship is to encourage other Christians to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Singular and plural “you”<br>In this book, the word “I” refers to Paul. Also, the word “you” is almost always singular and refers to Timothy. The exception to this is 6:21. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])<br><br>### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ,” “in the Lord,” etc.?<br><br>Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.<br><br>### What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 1 Timothy?<br><br>For the following verse, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.<br><br>* “godliness is a way to get more money.” Some older versions of the Bible read this way, “godliness is a way to get more money: withdraw from such things.” (6:5)<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br>
31TI1introa4v20# 1 Timothy 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual children<br>In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a “son” and his “child.” Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his “son in the faith.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Genealogies<br><br>Genealogies are lists that record a persons ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. Most important people had records of their genealogies.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Play on words<br>The phrase “the law is good if one uses it lawfully” is a play on words. The words “law” and “lawfully” sound similar in the original language.<br>
41TI11u1g9figs-inclusive0General Information:In this book, unless otherwise noted, the word “our” refers to Paul and Timothy (the one to whom this letter is written), as well as to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
51TI11i3zzΠαῦλος, ἀπόστολος1Paul, an apostle“I, Paul, wrote this letter. I am an apostle.” Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Immediately after introducing the writer, you may want to indicate to whom the letter was written, as in the UST.
61TI11xl6dκατ’ ἐπιταγὴν Θεοῦ1according to the commandment of“by the command of” or “by the authority of”
71TI11wb8jΘεοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν1God our Savior“God who saves us”
81TI11sw77figs-metonymyΚυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῆς ἐλπίδος ἡμῶν1Christ Jesus our hopeHere “our confidence” refers to the person in whom we have confidence. Alternate translation: “Christ Jesus, who is the one in whom we have confidence” or “Christ Jesus, whom we trust” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
91TI12pyi6figs-metaphorγνησίῳ τέκνῳ ἐν πίστει1true son in the faithPaul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and son. This shows Pauls sincere love and approval of Timothy. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is truly like a son to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
101TI12rd5vχάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη1Grace, mercy, and peace“May grace, mercy, and peace be yours,” or “May you experience kindness, mercy, and peace”
111TI12p4lzguidelines-sonofgodprinciplesΘεοῦ Πατρὸς1God the Father“God, who is our Father.” Here “Father” is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
121TI12zx37Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1Christ Jesus our Lord“Christ Jesus, who is our Lord”
131TI13k35afigs-you0General Information:The word “you” in this letter is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
141TI13k4tm0Connecting Statement:Paul encourages Timothy to reject the wrong use of the law and use good teaching from God.
151TI13l4brκαθὼς παρεκάλεσά σε1As I urged you“As I pleaded with you” or “As I asked you very strongly”
161TI13amp4προσμεῖναι ἐν Ἐφέσῳ1remain in Ephesus“wait for me there in the city of Ephesus”
171TI13v4g2figs-explicitἑτεροδιδασκαλεῖν1a different doctrineThe implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “a different doctrine from what we teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
181TI14ecf5figs-ellipsisμηδὲ προσέχειν1Neither should they pay attentionThe understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “And I also want you to command them not to pay attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
191TI14pw2hμύθοις1to storiesThese may have been stories about their ancestors.
201TI14qpv9figs-hyperboleγενεαλογίαις ἀπεράντοις1endless genealogiesWith the word “endless” Paul uses exaggeration to emphasize that the genealogies are very long. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
211TI14ft33γενεαλογίαις1genealogiesthe written or verbal record of a persons parents and ancestors
221TI14qb9lαἵτινες ἐκζητήσεις παρέχουσι1These cause arguments“These make people angrily disagree.” The people debated about stories and genealogies about which no one could know the truth for certain.
231TI14eu9fμᾶλλον ἢ οἰκονομίαν Θεοῦ, τὴν ἐν πίστε1rather than helping the plan of God, which is by faithPossible meanings are (1) “rather than helping us to understand Gods plan to save us, which we learn by faith” or (2) “rather than helping us to do Gods work, which we do by faith.”
241TI15myi5δὲ1NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul explains the purpose of what he is commanding Timothy.
251TI15l7unπαραγγελίας1the commandmentHere this does not mean the Old Testament or the Ten Commandments but rather the instructions that Paul gives in [1 Timothy 1:3](../01/03.md) and [1 Timothy 1:4](../01/04.md).
261TI15i9rsἐστὶν ἀγάπη1is lovePossible meanings are (1) “is to love God” or (2) “is to love people.”
271TI15mbe6figs-metonymyἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας1from a pure heartHere “pure” means the person does not have hidden motives to do wrong. Here “heart” refers to a persons mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: “from a mind that is honest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
281TI15ar8tσυνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς1good conscience“a conscience that chooses right instead wrong”
291TI15m53gπίστεως ἀνυποκρίτου1sincere faith“genuine faith” or “a faith without hypocrisy”
301TI16j4z3figs-metaphorτινες ἀστοχήσαντες1Some people have missed the markPaul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target at which to aim. Paul means that some people are not fulfilling the purpose of their faith, which is to love as he just explained in 1:5. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
311TI16se38figs-idiomὧν…ἐξετράπησαν1have turned away from these thingsHere “turned away” is an idiom that means they have stopped doing what God has commanded. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
321TI17v28uνομοδιδάσκαλοι1teachers of the lawHere “law” refers to the law of Moses.
331TI17kz8xμὴ νοοῦντες1but they do not understand“even though they do not understand” or “and yet they do not understand”
341TI17j2hcπερὶ τίνων διαβεβαιοῦνται1what they so confidently affirm“what they so confidently state is true”
351TI18d6dzοἴδαμεν δὲ ὅτι καλὸς ὁ νόμος1we know that the law is good“we understand that the law is useful” or “we understand that the law is beneficial”
361TI18r86gἐάν τις αὐτῷ νομίμως χρῆται1if one uses it lawfully“if a person uses it correctly” or “if a person uses it the way God intended”
371TI19xs94εἰδὼς τοῦτο1We know this“Because we realize this” or “We also know this”
381TI19fq4ifigs-activepassiveὅτι δικαίῳ νόμος οὐ κεῖται1that law is not made for a righteous manThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God did not make the law for the righteous man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
391TI19dl5lfigs-gendernotationsδικαίῳ1a righteous manHere “man” includes both male and female. Alternate translation: “a righteous person” or “a good person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
401TI19ci94figs-activepassiveκεῖται1It is madeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God made the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
411TI110y5dxπόρνοις1sexually immoral peopleThis refers to anyone who sleeps with someone to whom they are not married.
421TI110v1ghἀρσενοκοίταις1homosexualsmen who sleep with other men
431TI110bzw4ἀνδραποδισταῖς1those who kidnap people for slaves“those who kidnap people to sell as slaves” or “those who take people to sell as slaves”
441TI110gg42εἴ τι ἕτερον τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ ἀντίκειται1for whatever else is against faithful instruction“for those who do anything else that is against true Christian teaching”
451TI111mg4tτὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς δόξης τοῦ μακαρίου Θεοῦ1the glorious gospel of the blessed God“the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God” or “the gospel of the glorious and blessed God”
461TI111a58dfigs-activepassiveὃ ἐπιστεύθην ἐγώ1with which I have been entrustedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which God has given me and made me responsible for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
471TI112pha50Connecting Statement:Paul tells how he acted in the past and encourages Timothy to trust God.
481TI112uu6nπιστόν με ἡγήσατο1he considered me faithful“he considered me trustworthy” or “he regarded me as reliable”
491TI112ff1nfigs-metaphorθέμενος εἰς διακονίαν1he placed me into servicePaul speaks of the task of serving God as if it were a place that one could be placed in. Alternate translation: “he assigned me to serve him” or “he appointed me as his servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
501TI113q75pὄντα βλάσφημον1I was a blasphemer“I was a person who spoke evil against Christ.” Paul is referring to his character before he was a Christian.
511TI113gbd4διώκτην1a persecutor“a person who persecuted those who believed in Christ”
521TI113k85cὑβριστήν1violent man“a person was cruel towards other people.” This is a person who believes he has the right to hurt others.
531TI113rq2mὅτι ἀγνοῶν, ἐποίησα ἐν ἀπιστίᾳ1But I received mercy because I acted ignorantly in unbelief“But because I did not believe in Jesus, and I did not know what I was doing, I received mercy from Jesus”
541TI113nv6kἠλεήθην1I received mercy“Jesus showed me mercy” or “Jesus had mercy on me”
551TI114zp83δὲ ἡ χάρις1But the grace“And the grace”
561TI114c1lgfigs-metaphorὑπερεπλεόνασεν…ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν1the grace of our Lord overflowedPaul speaks of Gods grace as if it were a liquid that could fill a container and spill out of the top when the container is full. Alternate translation: “God showed me much grace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
571TI114z5lvμετὰ πίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης1with faith and loveThis is the result of God showing much grace to Paul. Alternate translation: “which caused me to trust in Jesus and love him”
581TI114d9m7figs-metaphorτῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1that is in Christ JesusThis speaks about Jesus as if he were a container that holds a liquid. Here “in Christ Jesus” refers to having a relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: “that Christ Jesus enables me to give to God because I am united to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
591TI115z48sπιστὸς ὁ λόγος1This message is reliable“This statement is true”
601TI115rh2rπάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος1worthy of all acceptance“we should receive it without any doubt” or “deserves for us to accept it with full confidence”
611TI116z5kgfigs-activepassiveἠλεήθην1I was given mercyThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God showed me mercy” or “I obtained mercy from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
621TI116epe2ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ1so that in me, the foremost“so that through me, the worst sinner”
631TI117k9scδὲ…ἀμήν1Now…AmenThe word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul praises God.
641TI117g4jqτῷ…Βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων1the king of the ages“the eternal king” or “the chief ruler forever”
651TI117ts5zfigs-abstractnounsτῷ δὲ Βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων, ἀφθάρτῳ, ἀοράτῳ, μόνῳ Θεῷ, τιμὴ καὶ δόξα, εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων1Now to the king of the ages, the immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and everThe abstract nouns “honor” and “glory” can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: “Now may people forever honor and glorify the king of the ages, who is immortal, invisible, and the only God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
661TI118ijn8figs-metaphorταύτην τὴν παραγγελίαν παρατίθεμαί σοι1I am placing this command before youPaul speaks of his instructions as if he could physically put them in front of Timothy. Alternate translation: “I am entrusting you with this command” or “This is what I am commanding you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
671TI118b6uqfigs-metaphorτέκνον1my childPaul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though Paul is the father and Timothy is the child. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is truly like my child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
681TI118y6jgfigs-activepassiveκατὰ τὰς προαγούσας ἐπὶ σὲ προφητείας1in accordance with the prophecies previously made about youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in agreement with what other believers prophesied about you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
691TI118w2exfigs-metaphorστρατεύῃ…τὴν καλὴν στρατείαν1fight the good fightPaul speaks about Timothy working for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “continue to work hard for the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
701TI119ly6qἀγαθὴν συνείδησιν1a good conscience“a conscience that chooses right instead wrong.” See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 1:5](../01/05.md).
711TI119h2wkfigs-metaphorτινες…τὴν πίστιν ἐναυάγησαν1some have shipwrecked their faithPaul speaks of these peoples faith as if it were a ship that could be wrecked at sea. He means that they have ruined their faith and no longer believe in Jesus. You should use this or a similar metaphor if it will be understood in the project language. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
721TI120pv7ftranslate-namesὙμέναιος…Ἀλέξανδρος1Hymenaeus…AlexanderThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
731TI120ty7nfigs-metaphorοὓς παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ1whom I gave over to SatanPaul speaks as if he physically handed these men to Satan. This probably means that Paul rejected them from the community of believers. Since they are no longer a part of the community, Satan can have power over them and harm them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
741TI120s76cfigs-activepassiveπαιδευθῶσι1they may be taughtThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God may teach them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
751TI2introc6rf0# 1 Timothy 02 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Peace<br>Paul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way.<br><br>### Women in the church<br><br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings”<br>These terms overlap each other in what they mean. It is not necessary to view them as distinct categories.<br>
761TI21z2xx0Connecting Statement:Paul encourages Timothy to pray for all people.
771TI21yk2zπρῶτον πάντων1first of all“most important” or “before anything else”
781TI21ql7afigs-activepassiveπαρακαλῶ…ποιεῖσθαι δεήσεις, προσευχάς, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίας1I urge that requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be madeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I urge all believers to make requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
791TI21iag7παρακαλῶ1I urge“I plead” or “I ask”
801TI22g4vafigs-doubletἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον1a peaceful and quiet lifeHere “peaceful” and “quiet” mean the same thing. Paul wants all believers to be able to live calm lives without trouble from the authorities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
811TI22pb58ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ σεμνότητι1in all godliness and dignity“that honors God and that other people will respect”
821TI24i3zefigs-activepassiveὃς πάντας ἀνθρώπους θέλει σωθῆναι, καὶ εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν1He desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truthThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God desires to save all people and for them to come to the knowledge of the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
831TI24n26mfigs-metaphorεἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας ἐλθεῖν1to come to the knowledge of the truthPaul speaks of learning the truth about God as if it were a place to which people could be brought. Alternate translation: “to know and accept what is true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
841TI25t666εἷς…μεσίτης Θεοῦ καὶ ἀνθρώπων1one mediator for God and manA mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement between two parties who disagree with each other. Here Jesus helps sinners enter into a peaceful relationship with God.
851TI26u8r1δοὺς ἑαυτὸν1gave himself“died willingly”
861TI26vz12ἀντίλυτρον1as a ransom“as a price of freedom” or “as a payment to obtain freedom”
871TI26fm1cfigs-explicitτὸ μαρτύριον καιροῖς ἰδίοις1as the testimony at the right timeIt can be made explicit that this was the testimony that God wants to save all people. Alternate translation: “as the proof at the right time that God wants to save all people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
881TI26fq7rκαιροῖς ἰδίοις1at the right timeThis means that this was the time that God had chosen.
891TI27qxv9εἰς ὃ1For this purpose“For this” or “For this reason”
901TI27iz4yfigs-activepassiveἐτέθην ἐγὼ κῆρυξ καὶ ἀπόστολος1I myself, was made a herald and an apostleThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Christ made me, Paul, a preacher and an apostle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
911TI27h18qfigs-hendiadysδιδάσκαλος ἐθνῶν ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀληθείᾳ1I am a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth“I teach the Gentiles the message of faith and truth.” Here, Paul may be using “faith” and truth” to express one idea. Alternate translation: “I teach the Gentiles about the true faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
921TI28r6wx0Connecting Statement:Paul finishes his instructions on prayer then gives some special instructions for women.
931TI28yzg3figs-metonymyβούλομαι…προσεύχεσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ, ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας1I want men in every place to pray and to lift up holy handsHere “holy hands” means the entire person is holy. Alternate translation: “I want men in every place who are holy to lift up their hands and pray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
941TI28a841τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ1men in every place“the males in all places” or “the males everywhere.” Here the word “men” refers specifically to males.
951TI28unw6ἐπαίροντας ὁσίους χεῖρας1lift up holy handsIt was a normal posture for people to raise their hands while praying.
961TI29au5cfigs-doubletμετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ σωφροσύνης1with modesty and self-controlBoth of these words mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that women should wear clothes that are appropriate and do not attract improper attention from men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
971TI29sw21figs-metonymyμὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν1They should not have braided hairDuring Pauls time, many Roman women braided their hair to make themselves attractive. Braiding is only one way a woman can give undue attention to her hair. If braided hair is unknown, it can be stated in a more general way. Alternate translation: “They should not have fancy hairstyles” or “They should not have elaborate hairstyle that attract attention” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
981TI29rf5vtranslate-unknownμαργαρίταις1pearlsThese are beautiful and valuable white balls that people use as jewelry. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
991TI210g35mἐπαγγελλομέναις θεοσέβειαν, δι’ ἔργων ἀγαθῶν1who profess godliness through good works“who want to honor God by the good things they do”
1001TI211gb7aἐν ἡσυχίᾳ1in silence“in quietness”
1011TI211c7shἐν πάσῃ ὑποταγῇ1and with all submission“and submit to what is taught”
1021TI212e2hgγυναικὶ οὐκ ἐπιτρέπω1I do not permit a woman“I do not allow a woman”
1031TI213iv31figs-activepassiveἈδὰμ…πρῶτος ἐπλάσθη1Adam was formed firstThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Adam is the one God formed first” or “God created Adam first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1041TI213v7v6figs-ellipsisεἶτα Εὕα1then EveThe understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “and then God formed Eve” or “then God created Eve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1051TI214wq5kfigs-activepassiveἈδὰμ οὐκ ἠπατήθη1Adam was not deceivedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “And Adam was not the one whom the serpent deceived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1061TI214n6tdfigs-activepassiveἡ δὲ γυνὴ ἐξαπατηθεῖσα, ἐν παραβάσει γέγονεν1but the woman was deceived and became a transgressorThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but it was the woman who disobeyed God when the serpent deceived her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1071TI215u8ivσωθήσεται…διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας1she will be saved through bearing childrenHere “she” refers to women in general. Possible meanings are (1) God will keep women physically safe as they give birth to children, or (2) God will save women from their sins through their role as child bearers.
1081TI215n818figs-activepassiveσωθήσεται1she will be savedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will save her” or “God will save women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1091TI215gh3cἐὰν μείνωσιν1if they continue“if they remain” or “if they continue living.” Here “they” refers to women.
1101TI215sl57figs-abstractnounsἐν πίστει, καὶ ἀγάπῃ, καὶ ἁγιασμῷ1in faith and love and sanctificationThe abstract nouns here can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: “in trusting Jesus and loving others and living a holy life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1111TI215dcf3figs-idiomμετὰ σωφροσύνης1with soundness of mindPossible meanings for this idiom are (1) “with good judgment,” (2) “with modesty,” or (3) “with self-control.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
1121TI215zr4bfigs-abstractnounsσωφροσύνης1soundness of mindIf the idiom is retained in translation, the abstract noun “soundness” can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: “a sound mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
1131TI3introd9db0# 1 Timothy 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>[1 Timothy 3:16](./16.md) was probably a song, poem, or creed the early church used to list important doctrines that believers all shared.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Overseers and deacons<br>The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include elder, pastor, and bishop. The word “overseer” reflects the meaning of the original language in verses 1-2. Paul writes about “deacons” in verses 8 and 12 as another kind of church leader.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Character qualities<br>This chapter lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an overseer or deacon in the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br>
1141TI31rwi80Connecting Statement:Paul gives some special instructions on how the overseers of the church should act and be.
1151TI31f133καλοῦ ἔργου1a good work“an honorable task”
1161TI32dff6μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα1husband of one wifeAn overseer must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married.
1171TI32qnq9δεῖ…εἶναι…νηφάλιον, σώφρονα, κόσμιον, φιλόξενον1He must be moderate, sensible, orderly, and hospitable“He must not do anything to excess, must be reasonable and behave well, and must be friendly to strangers”
1181TI33c2c7μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, ἀλλὰ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον1He must not be addicted to wine, not a brawler, but instead, gentle, peaceful“He must neither drink too much alcohol nor like to fight and argue, but instead he must be gentle and peaceful”
1191TI33pc2gἀφιλάργυρον1a lover of money“greedy for money”
1201TI34a8guπροϊστάμενον1He should manage“He should lead” or “He should take care of”
1211TI34w3unμετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος1with all respectPossible meanings are (1) the overseers children should obey and show respect to their father or (2) the overseers children should show respect to everyone or (3) the overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them.
1221TI34m8a5πάσης σεμνότητος1all respect“complete respect” or “respect at all times”
1231TI35n8ziεἰ δέ τις τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου προστῆναι οὐκ οἶδεν1For if a man does not know how to manage“For when a man cannot manage”
1241TI35n5ltfigs-rquestionπῶς ἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ ἐπιμελήσεται?1how will he care for a church of God?Paul uses a question to teach Timothy. Alternate translation: “he cannot take care of a church of God.” or “he will not be able to lead a church of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
1251TI35c814figs-metonymyἐκκλησίας Θεοῦ1a church of GodHere “church” refers to a local group of Gods people. Alternate translation: “a group of Gods people” or “the believers over whom he is in charge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1261TI36q7huμὴ νεόφυτον1He should not be a new convert“He should not be a new believer” or “He must be a mature believer”
1271TI36v6f5figs-metaphorεἰς κρίμα ἐμπέσῃ τοῦ διαβόλου1fall into condemnation as the devilPaul speaks of the experience of being condemned for having done wrong as if it were a hole that a person could fall into. Alternate translation: “have God condemn him as he condemned the devil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1281TI37si1dfigs-metaphorτῶν ἔξωθεν1those outside“those outside of the church.” Paul speaks of the church as though it were a place, and of unbelievers as though they were physically outside of it. Alternate translation: “those who are not Christians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1291TI37qsa6figs-metaphorμὴ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν ἐμπέσῃ, καὶ παγίδα τοῦ διαβόλου1he does not fall into disgrace and the trap of the devilPaul speaks of disgrace and the devil causing someone to sin as if they were a hole or a trap into which a person falls. Here “fall into” means to experience. Alternate translation: “nothing causes him shame before the unbelievers and so that the devil does not cause him to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1301TI38z1gd0Connecting Statement:Paul gives some special instructions on how the deacons of the church and their wives should act and be.
1311TI38nz2wδιακόνους ὡσαύτως1Deacons, likewise“Deacons, like overseers”
1321TI38sxq4figs-metaphorσεμνούς, μὴ διλόγους1should be dignified, not double-talkersPaul speaks about these people as if they were “double-talkers” or could say two things at once. He means the person says one thing but mean something else. Alternate translation: “should act properly and mean what they say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1331TI39c44afigs-metaphorἔχοντας τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως1They should keep the revealed truth of the faith“They must continue to believe the true message God revealed to us and that we believe.” This refers to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was showing to them at that moment. Paul speaks of true teaching about God as if it were an object that a person could keep with himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1341TI39jda1figs-activepassiveτὸ μυστήριον1the revealed truthThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the truth that God revealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1351TI39y91ffigs-metaphorπίστεως ἐν καθαρᾷ συνειδήσει1faith with a clean consciencePaul speaks of a persons knowledge that he has done no wrong as if that knowledge or conscience were clean. Alternate translation: “faith, knowing they have tried their hardest to do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1361TI310hl1pfigs-activepassiveοὗτοι…δοκιμαζέσθωσαν πρῶτον1They should also be approved firstThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Other believers should approve of them first” or “They should prove themselves first” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1371TI310m5arδοκιμαζέσθωσαν1be approvedThis means other believers should evaluate those who want to be a deacon and determine if they are fit to serve in the church.
1381TI311xyc9γυναῖκας ὡσαύτως1Women in the same wayPossible meanings are (1) “women” refers to the wives of deacons or (2) “women” refers to female deacons.
1391TI311q5qxσεμνάς1be dignified“act properly” or “be worthy of respect”
1401TI311a12kμὴ διαβόλους1They should not be slanderers“They must not speak evil about other people”
1411TI311akm5νηφαλίους1be moderate and“not do anything to excess.” See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 3:2](../03/02.md).
1421TI312wji2μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρες1husbands of one wifeA man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed, divorced, or never married. See how you translated this in [1 Timothy 3:2](../03/02.md).
1431TI312dv31τέκνων καλῶς προϊστάμενοι καὶ τῶν ἰδίων οἴκω1manage well their children and household“properly take care of and lead their children and others who live in their homes”
1441TI313rfq2οἱ γὰρ1For those“For those deacons” or “For these church leaders”
1451TI313s9siἑαυτοῖς…περιποιοῦνται1acquire for themselves“receive for themselves” or “gain for themselves”
1461TI313cv34figs-explicitβαθμὸν…καλὸν1a good standingThe implied meaning may be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “a good reputation among other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1471TI313m684πολλὴν παρρησίαν ἐν πίστει τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ1great confidence in the faith that is in Christ JesusPossible meanings are (1) they will trust in Jesus with even more confidence or (2) they will speak confidently to other people about their faith in Jesus.
1481TI314s4p20Connecting Statement:Paul tells Timothy the reason he wrote to him and then describes Christs godliness.
1491TI315z9z8ἐὰν δὲ βραδύνω1But if I delay“But in case I cannot go there soon” or “But if something prevents me for being there soon”
1501TI315p9u4figs-metaphorἵνα εἰδῇς πῶς δεῖ ἐν οἴκῳ Θεοῦ ἀναστρέφεσθαι1so that you may know how to behave in the household of GodPaul speaks of the group of believers as if they were a family. Possible meanings are (1) Paul is referring only to Timothys behavior in the church. Alternate translation: “so that you may know how to conduct yourself as a member of Gods family” or (2) Paul is referring to the believers in general. Alternate translation: “so that you all may know how to conduct yourselves as members of Gods family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1511TI315wzk3figs-distinguishοἴκῳ Θεοῦ…ἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία Θεοῦ ζῶντος1household of God, which is the church of the living GodThis phrase gives us information about “the household of God” rather than making a distinction between a household of God which is the church and one that is not the church. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “house hold of God. Those who belong to the family of God are the community of believers in the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
1521TI315cd5rfigs-metaphorἥτις ἐστὶν ἐκκλησία Θεοῦ ζῶντος, στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας1which is the church of the living God, the pillar and support of the truthPaul speaks of the believers bearing witness to the truth about Christ as if they were a pillar and a base supporting a building. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “which is the church of the living God. And, by keeping and teaching Gods truth, these members of the church support the truth just as a pillar and base support a building” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1531TI315sg64Θεοῦ ζῶντος1the living GodHere this expression may be speaking of God as the one who gives life to all, as in the UST.
1541TI316ak8wὁμολογουμένως1We all agree“No one can deny”
1551TI316w473μέγα ἐστὶν τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον1that the mystery of godliness is great“that the truth that God has revealed is great”
1561TI316y8spwriting-poetryὃς ἐφανερώθη…ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ1He appeared…up in gloryThis is most likely a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
1571TI316m4xiὃς ἐφανερώθη1He appearedHere “He” is ambiguous. It could refers to “God” or to “Christ.” It may be best to translate this as “He.” If you must be more specific you could translate it as “Christ who is God” or “Christ.”
1581TI316rqp6figs-metonymyἐν σαρκί1in the fleshPaul uses “flesh” here to mean a human being. Alternate translation: “as a true human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1591TI316gm36figs-activepassiveἐδικαιώθη ἐν Πνεύματι1was vindicated by the SpiritThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit confirmed that he was who he said he was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1601TI316fn1kfigs-activepassiveὤφθη ἀγγέλοις1was seen by angelsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the angels saw him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1611TI316c3wxfigs-activepassiveἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν1was proclaimed among nationsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people in many nations told others about him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1621TI316h9mbfigs-activepassiveἐπιστεύθη ἐν κόσμῳ1was believed on in the worldThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people in many parts of the world believed in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1631TI316jz11figs-activepassiveἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ1was taken up in gloryThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God the Father took him up to heaven in glory” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1641TI316mr3aἐν δόξῃ1in gloryThis means he received power from God the Father and he is worthy of honor.
1651TI4introb39h0# 1 Timothy 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>[1 Timothy 4:1](../04/01.md) is a prophecy. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Later times<br>This is another way of referring to the last days. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])<br>
1661TI41gyd80Connecting Statement:Paul tells Timothy what the Spirit says will happen and encourages him in what he should teach.
1671TI41jzr9δὲ1NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul starts to tell a new part of the teaching.
1681TI41b739ἐν ὑστέροις καιροῖς1in later timesPossible meanings are (1) this refers to a time after Paul dies or (2) this is at a latter time in Pauls own life.
1691TI41b931figs-metaphorἀποστήσονταί…τῆς πίστεως1leave the faithPaul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leaving a place or an object. Alternate translation: “stop trusting in Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1701TI41q13mπροσέχοντες1and pay attention“and give attention” or “because they are paying attention”
1711TI41ae5wπνεύμασι πλάνοις καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμονίων1deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons“spirits who trick people and the things that demons teach”
1721TI42pw29ἐν ὑποκρίσει ψευδολόγων1in lying hypocrisyThis can be stated as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “These people will be hypocrites and speak lies”
1731TI42u2f4figs-metaphorκεκαυστηριασμένων τὴν ἰδίαν συνείδησιν1Their own consciences will be brandedPossible meanings are (1) Paul is speaking of people who can no longer tell that they are doing wrong as if their minds are ruined like skin that someone has burned with a hot iron or (2) Paul is speaking of these people as if Satan had put a mark on these people with a hot iron to indicate that they belong to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1741TI43k4dbκωλυόντων1They will“These people will”
1751TI43wd2lfigs-explicitκωλυόντων γαμεῖν1forbid to marryIt is implied that they will forbid believers to marry. Alternate translation: “forbid believers to marry” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1761TI43m1d6figs-explicitἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων1to receive foodsIt is implied that they will forbid only certain foods. Alternate translation: “they will require believers to abstain from certain foods” or “they will not allow people to eat certain foods” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
1771TI44dv4sfigs-activepassiveπᾶν κτίσμα Θεοῦ καλόν1everything created by God is goodThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everything that God has created is good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1781TI44a15jfigs-activepassiveοὐδὲν ἀπόβλητον μετὰ εὐχαριστίας λαμβανόμενον1Nothing that we take with thanksgiving is to be rejectedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “We should not refuse anything for which we give thanks to God” or “Everything that we eat with thanksgiving is acceptable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1791TI45y2lcfigs-hendiadysἁγιάζεται…διὰ λόγου Θεοῦ καὶ ἐντεύξεως1it is sanctified by the word of God and prayerHere “word of God” and “prayer” are used together to express one idea. The prayer is in agreement with the truth that God has revealed. Alternate translation: “it is dedicated for Gods use by praying in agreement with his word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
1801TI45m5mbfigs-activepassiveἁγιάζεται1it is sanctifiedThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “we sanctify it” or “we have set it apart” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1811TI45fhd6figs-metonymyλόγου Θεοῦ1word of GodHere “word” refers to Gods message or what he has revealed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
1821TI46ks5xfigs-metaphorταῦτα ὑποτιθέμενος τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς1If you place these things before the brothersPaul speaks of his instructions as if they were objects that could be physically presented to the believers. Here, to place before means to instruct or to remind. Alternate translation: “If you help the believers remember these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1831TI46hfx3ταῦτα1these thingsThis refers to the teaching that started in [1 Timothy 3:16](../03/16.md).
1841TI46h6qrfigs-gendernotationsτοῖς ἀδελφοῖς1the brothersThis refers to all believers whether male or female. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
1851TI46f8vsfigs-metaphorἐντρεφόμενος τοῖς λόγοις τῆς πίστεως, καὶ τῆς καλῆς διδασκαλίας ᾗ παρηκολούθηκας1you are being nourished by the words of faith and by the good teaching that you have followedPaul speaks of Gods word and its teaching as if it could physically feed Timothy and make him strong. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the words of faith and the good teaching that you have followed are causing you to trust more strongly in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
1861TI46ny78λόγοις τῆς πίστεως1words of faith“words that cause people to believe”
1871TI47th4iβεβήλους καὶ γραώδεις μύθους1worldly stories loved by old women“profane stories and old wives tales.” The word for “stories” is the same as for “myths” in [1 Timothy 1:4](../01/04.md), so you should translate it the same here.
1881TI47elk7figs-metaphorκαὶ γραώδεις1loved by old womenThis is probably an expression that means “silly” or “absurd.” Paul is not purposely insulting women in his reference to “old women.” Instead, he and his audience knew that men die younger than women, so there are more women than men whose minds have become feeble due to old age. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1891TI47sea5γύμναζε…σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν1train yourself in godliness“train yourself to honor God” or “train yourself to act in ways that please God”
1901TI48i6rhγὰρ σωματικὴ γυμνασία1bodily training“physical exercise”
1911TI48df19ἐπαγγελίαν ἔχουσα ζωῆς1holds promise for this life“is beneficial to this life”
1921TI49hc1tπάσης ἀποδοχῆς ἄξιος1worthy of full acceptance“worthy of your complete belief” or “worthy of your full trust”
1931TI410l2ylεἰς τοῦτο γὰρ1For it is for this“This is the reason”
1941TI410c9dbfigs-doubletκοπιῶμεν καὶ ἀγωνιζόμεθα1struggle and work very hardThe words “struggle” and “work very hard” mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize the intensity with which they serve God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
1951TI410qmj6ἠλπίκαμεν ἐπὶ Θεῷ ζῶντι1we have hope in the living GodHere “living God” probably means, “God, who makes all things live.”
1961TI410dsz3figs-ellipsisμάλιστα πιστῶν1but especially of believersThe understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “but he is especially the Savior of those people who believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
1971TI411lg9hπαράγγελλε ταῦτα καὶ δίδασκε1Proclaim and teach these things“Command and teach these things” or “Command and teach these things I just mentioned”
1981TI412qi8lμηδείς σου τῆς νεότητος καταφρονείτω1Let no one despise your youth“Do not let anyone consider you less important because you are young”
1991TI413kky7figs-abstractnounsπρόσεχε τῇ ἀναγνώσει, τῇ παρακλήσει, τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ1attend to the reading, to the exhortation, and to the teachingThe words “reading,” “exhortation,” and “teaching” can be translated with verbal phrases. The implied information can also be supplied in translation Alternate translation: “continue reading the scripture to the people, exhorting the people, and teaching the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2001TI414t221figs-metaphorμὴ ἀμέλει τοῦ ἐν σοὶ χαρίσματος1Do not neglect the gift that is in youPaul speaks of Timothy as if he were a container that could hold Gods gifts. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Do not neglect your spiritual gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2011TI414hdd9figs-activepassiveμὴ ἀμέλει1Do not neglectThis can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Be sure to use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2021TI414xp1kfigs-activepassiveὃ ἐδόθη σοι διὰ προφητείας1which was given to you through prophecyThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which you received when leaders of the church spoke Gods word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2031TI414rr8fἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου1laying on of the hands of the eldersThis was a ceremony in which the church leaders put their hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do.
2041TI415m65mfigs-metaphorαῦτα μελέτα, ἐν τούτοις ἴσθι1Care for these things. Be in themPaul speaks of Gods gifts to Timothy as if he could physically be in them. Alternate translation: “Do all these things and live according to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2051TI415j8zifigs-metaphorἵνα σου ἡ προκοπὴ φανερὰ ᾖ πᾶσιν1so that your progress may be evident to all peoplePaul speaks of Timothys increasing ability to serve God as if it were a physical object that others could look at. Alternate translation: “so other people will know that you are serving God better and better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2061TI416uq6cἔπεχε σεαυτῷ καὶ τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ1Give careful attention to yourself and to the teaching“Conduct yourself carefully and give attention to the teaching” or “Control your own behavior and give attention to the teaching”
2071TI416zxe7ἐπίμενε αὐτοῖς1Continue in these things“Continue to do these things”
2081TI416u7ezκαὶ σεαυτὸν σώσεις καὶ τοὺς ἀκούοντάς σου1you will save yourself and those who listen to youPossible meanings are (1) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from Gods judgment or (2) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from the influence of false teachers.
2091TI5introjx4e0# 1 Timothy 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Honor and respect<br>Paul encourages younger Christians to honor and respect older Christians. Cultures honor and respect older people in different ways.<br><br>### Widows<br>In the ancient Near East, it was important to care for widows, because they could not provide for themselves.<br>
2101TI51wt5yfigs-you0General Information:Paul was giving these commands to one person, Timothy. Languages that have different forms of “you” or different forms for commands would use the singular form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2111TI51h7d10Connecting Statement:Paul continues to tell Timothy how to treat the men, women, widows, and younger women in the church.
2121TI51l4w5πρεσβυτέρῳ μὴ ἐπιπλήξῃς1Do not rebuke an older man“Do not speak harshly to an older man”
2131TI51dnf2ἀλλὰ παρακάλει1Instead, exhort him“Instead, encourage him”
2141TI51enp9figs-simileὡς πατέρα…ὡς ἀδελφούς1as if he were a father…as brothersPaul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2151TI52t1pvfigs-simileὡς μητέρας…ὡς ἀδελφὰς1as mothers…as sistersPaul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2161TI52wmi6figs-ellipsisνεωτέρας1younger womenYou can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “exhort younger women” or “encourage younger women” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2171TI52ivl7ἐν πάσῃ ἁγνίᾳ1in all purity“with pure thoughts and actions” or “in a holy way”
2181TI53smp5χήρας τίμα1Honor widows“Respect and provide for widows”
2191TI53qc6sτὰς ὄντως χήρας1the real widows“widows with no one to provide for them”
2201TI54w38hμανθανέτωσαν πρῶτον1let them first learn“first of all they should learn” or “let them make it a priority to learn”
2211TI54g5muτὸν ἴδιον οἶκον1in their own household“to their own family” or “to those living in their homes”
2221TI54q5c8ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις1Let them repay their parents“Let them do good to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them”
2231TI55xp1uἡ δὲ ὄντως χήρα καὶ μεμονωμένη1But a real widow is left all alone“But one who is truly a widow has no family”
2241TI55u1ljπροσμένει ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς1She always remains with requests and prayers“She continues to make requests and prayers”
2251TI55rwp4figs-doubletταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς1requests and prayersThese two words mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how much these widows pray. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2261TI55rb9ffigs-merismνυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας1both night and dayThe words “night” and “day” are used together to mean “at all times.” Alternate translation: “all the time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2271TI56qy5hfigs-metaphorτέθνηκεν1is deadPaul speaks about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alternate translation: “is like a dead person, she does not respond to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2281TI56p5hiζῶσα1is still aliveThis refers to physical life.
2291TI57qw6mταῦτα παράγγελλε1Give these instructions“Command these things”
2301TI57a13pἵνα ἀνεπίλημπτοι ὦσιν1so that they may be blameless“so that no one can find fault with them.” Possible meanings of “they” are (1) “these widows and their families” or (2) “the believers.” It might be best to leave the subject as “they.”
2311TI58p7h2τις τῶν ἰδίων καὶ μάλιστα οἰκείων οὐ προνοεῖ1does not provide for his own relatives, especially for those of his own household“does not help with his relatives needs, especially for those family members living in his home”
2321TI58y645τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται1he has denied the faith“he has acted contrary to the truth we believe”
2331TI58evm7ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων1is worse than an unbeliever“is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus.” Paul means this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their relatives. Therefore, a believer should certainly take care of his relatives.
2341TI59s8qlχήρα καταλεγέσθω1be enrolled as a widowThere seems to have been a list, written or not, of widows. The church members met these womens needs for shelter, clothing, and food, and these women were expected to devote their lives to serving the Christian community.
2351TI59i27xtranslate-numbersμὴ ἔλαττον ἐτῶν ἑξήκοντα1who is not younger than sixtyAs Paul will explain in 5:11-16, widows who were younger than 60 years old might get married again. Therefore the Christian community was to care only for widows who were older than 60. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
2361TI59q9djγεγονυῖα, ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή1a wife of one husbandPossible meanings are (1) she was always faithful to her husband or (2) she had not divorced her husband then married another man.
2371TI510l8nmfigs-activepassiveἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς μαρτυρουμένη1She must be known for good deedsThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People must be able to attest to her good deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2381TI510mik7ἐξενοδόχησεν1has been hospitable to strangers“has welcomed strangers into her home”
2391TI510ygl3figs-metonymyἁγίων πόδας ἔνιψεν1has washed the feet of the saintsWashing the dirty feet of people who have been walking in the dirt and mud is one way of meeting other peoples needs and making life more enjoyable for them. This probably means she did humble work in general. Alternate translation: “has done common work to help other believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2401TI510bw4hἁγίων1saintsSome versions translate this word as “the believers” or “Gods holy people.” The essential idea is to refer to Christian believers.
2411TI510ey6ifigs-nominaladjθλιβομένοις ἐπήρκεσεν1has relieved the afflictedHere “the afflicted” is a nominal adjective that can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “has helped those who are suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2421TI510h96jπαντὶ ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ ἐπηκολούθησεν1has been devoted to every good work“has given herself to doing all kinds of good deeds”
2431TI511rv5hνεωτέρας δὲ χήρας παραιτοῦ1But as for younger widows, refuse to enroll them in the list“But do not include younger widows in the list.” The list was of widows aged 60 years and older whom the Christian community would help.
2441TI511vqq9ὅταν γὰρ καταστρηνιάσωσιν τοῦ Χριστοῦ, γαμεῖν θέλουσιν1For when they give in to bodily desires against Christ, they want to marry“For when they prefer to fulfill their sensual desires and get married, they go against their promise to serve Christ as widows”
2451TI512nha7τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν1revoke their first commitment“do not keep their prior commitment” or “do not do what they promised before to do”
2461TI512k9nzπίστιν1commitmentThe commitment of the widows was their agreement to serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives if the community would supply the widows needs.
2471TI513t4ivἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν1learn to be lazy“get into the habit of doing nothing”
2481TI513nll4φλύαροι καὶ περίεργοι, λαλοῦσαι τὰ μὴ δέοντα1talk nonsense and are busybodies, saying things they should not sayThese three phrases are probably three ways of speaking of the same activity. These people should not be looking into other peoples private lives and telling about them to others who are no better off after hearing.
2491TI513cym5φλύαροι1nonsensewords that do not help those who hear them
2501TI513umk2περίεργοι1busybodiespeople who look into other peoples private lives for their own good and not for the good of the other people
2511TI514bh1qοἰκοδεσποτεῖν1to manage the household“to take care of everyone in her house”
2521TI514u94kτῷ ἀντικειμένῳ1the enemyPossible meanings are (1) this refers to Satan or (2) this refers to unbelievers who are hostile to Christians.
2531TI514a1w5figs-inclusiveλοιδορίας χάριν1to slander usHere “us” refers to the entire Christian community, including Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
2541TI515fy54figs-metaphorἐξετράπησαν ὀπίσω τοῦ Σατανᾶ1turned aside after SatanPaul speaks of living in faithfulness to Christ as if it were a path to be followed. This means the woman stopped obeying Jesus and started obeying Satan. Alternate translation: “left the path of Christ to follow Satan” or “decided to obey Satan instead of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2551TI516g8k5τις πιστὴ1any believing woman“any Christian woman” or “any woman who believes in Christ”
2561TI516mf4sἔχει χήρας1has widows“has widows among her relatives”
2571TI516y6hffigs-metaphorκαὶ μὴ βαρείσθω ἡ ἐκκλησία1so that the church will not be weighed downPaul speaks of the community having to help more people than they are able as if they were carrying too much weight on their backs. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that the church will not have more work to do than they can” or “so that the Christian community will not have to help widows whose families could provide for them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2581TI516d35mὄντως χήραις1real widows“those women who have no one to provide for them”
2591TI517i3l30Connecting Statement:Paul again talks of how elders (overseers) should be treated and then gives Timothy some personal instructions.
2601TI517u93qfigs-activepassiveοἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι…ἀξιούσθωσαν1Let the elders who rule well be considered worthyThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “All believers should think of the elders who are good leaders as worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2611TI517wp9dδιπλῆς τιμῆς1double honorPossible meanings are (1) “respect and payment” or (2) “more respect than others receive”
2621TI517r8ewfigs-metaphorοἱ κοπιῶντες ἐν λόγῳ καὶ διδασκαλίᾳ1those who work with the word and in teachingPaul speaks about the word as if it is an object that a person can work with. Alternate translation: “those who preach and teach Gods word” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2631TI518kh55figs-personificationλέγει γὰρ ἡ Γραφή1For the scripture saysThis is personification that means that this is what someone has written in the scriptures. Alternate translation: “For we read in the scriptures that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2641TI518vw3afigs-metaphorβοῦν ἀλοῶντα οὐ φιμώσεις1You shall not put a muzzle on an ox while it treads the grainPaul is using this quotation as a metaphor meaning that church leaders deserve to receive payment from the Christian community for their work. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2651TI518g985translate-unknownφιμώσεις1muzzlea sleeve that goes over an animals snout and mouth to prevent it from eating while it is doing work (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
2661TI518t6kpἀλοῶντα1treads the grainAnd ox “treads the grain” when it walks on or pulls a heavy object over the cut grain to separate the grain from the stalks. The ox was allowed to eat some of the grain as they worked.
2671TI518kys1ἄξιος1is worthy of“deserves”
2681TI519af68figs-metaphorκατηγορίαν μὴ παραδέχου1Do not receive an accusationPaul speaks of accusations as if they were objects that could be physically accepted by people. Alternate translation: “Do not accept as true any accusation that someone speaks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2691TI519kmy5δύο ἢ τριῶν1two or three“at least two” or “two or more”
2701TI520m4uhτοὺς ἁμαρτάνοντας1sinnersThis refers to anyone doing anything that disobeys or displeases God, even things that other people do not know about.
2711TI520db63ἐνώπιον, πάντων1before all“where everyone can see”
2721TI520ql4mἵνα καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ φόβον ἔχωσιν1so that the rest may be afraid“so that others will be afraid to sin”
2731TI521t7jqτῶν ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων1the chosen angelsThis means the angels whom God and Jesus have chosen to serve them in a special way.
2741TI521f2q7figs-doubletταῦτα φυλάξῃς χωρὶς προκρίματος, μηδὲν ποιῶν κατὰ πρόσκλισιν1to keep these commands without partiality, and to do nothing out of favoritismThe words “partiality” and “favoritism” mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that Timothy must judge honestly and be fair to everyone. Alternate translation: “to keep these rules without being partial or showing favor to anyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
2751TI521dph6ταῦτα1these commandsPossible meanings are (1) this refers to the rules Paul just told Timothy or (2) this refers to the rules Paul is about to tell Timothy.
2761TI522qb71χεῖρας…ἐπιτίθει1Place handsThe placing of hands was a ceremony in which one or more church leaders would place their hands on people and pray that God would enable those people to serve the church in a way that would please God. Timothy was to wait until the person had shown good character for a long time before officially setting that person apart to serve the Christian community.
2771TI522pyl8figs-metaphorμηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις1Do not share in the sins of another personPaul speaks of someones sin as if it were an object that could be shared with others. Alternate translation: “do not join in another persons sin” or “do not participate when another person sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2781TI522lt3yμηδὲ κοινώνει ἁμαρτίαις ἀλλοτρίαις1Do not share in the sins of another personPossible meanings are (1) if Timothy chose someone who was guilty of sin to be a church worker, God would hold Timothy responsible for that persons sin or (2) Timothy should not commit sins he saw others committing.
2791TI523xl32figs-explicitμηκέτι ὑδροπότει1You should no longer drink waterIt is implied that Paul means Timothy should not drink only water. He is telling Timothy to use wine as medicine. The water in that area often caused sickness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2801TI524uk56figs-activepassiveτινῶν ἀνθρώπων αἱ ἁμαρτίαι πρόδηλοί εἰσιν1The sins of some people are openly knownThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The sins of some people are very obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2811TI524ug1zfigs-personificationπροάγουσαι εἰς κρίσιν1they go before them into judgment“their sins go before those people into judgment.” Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are (1) Their sins are so obvious that everyone will know they are guilty even before anyone testifies against them or (2) Their sins are evident, and God judges them now. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2821TI524i1c6figs-metaphorτισὶν δὲ καὶ ἐπακολουθοῦσιν1But some sins follow later“But some sins follow people later.” Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are (1) Timothy and the Christian community will not know about certain sins until later or (2) God will not judge some sins until the final judgment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2831TI525pd8vτὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ πρόδηλα1some good works are openly known“some good works are obvious”
2841TI525qlu5τὰ ἔργα τὰ καλὰ1good worksThe works are considered “good” because they fit with Gods character, purposes, and will.
2851TI525bl51figs-metaphorκαὶ τὰ ἄλλως ἔχοντα, κρυβῆναι οὐ δύναταί1but even the others cannot be hiddenPaul speaks of sins as if they were objects that someone could hide. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but people will later find out about even the good deeds that are not obvious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2861TI6introrks40# 1 Timothy 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Slavery<br><br>Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches about honoring, respecting, and diligently serving masters. Paul teaches all believers to be godly and content in every situation.<br>
2871TI61zg9b0Connecting Statement:Paul gives some specific instructions to slaves and masters and then continues with instructions on living in a godly way.
2881TI61nm4nfigs-metaphorὅσοι εἰσὶν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν δοῦλοι1Let all who are under the yoke as slavesPaul speaks of people working as slaves as if they are oxen carrying a yoke. Alternate translation: “Let all who are working as slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2891TI61ep1lfigs-explicitὅσοι εἰσὶν1Let all who areIt is implied that Paul is speaking about believers. Alternate translation: “Let all who are believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2901TI61he2nfigs-activepassiveμὴ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἡ διδασκαλία βλασφημῆται1the name of God and the teaching might not be blasphemedThis can be stated in active and positive form. Alternate translation: “the unbelievers might always speak respectfully about the name of God and the teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
2911TI61xb92figs-metonymyτὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ1the name of GodHere “name” refers to Gods nature or character. Alternate translation: “the character of God” or “God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2921TI61f5pcἡ διδασκαλία1the teaching“the faith” or “the gospel”
2931TI62fvv7ἀδελφοί εἰσιν1they are brothersHere “brothers” means “fellow believers.”
2941TI62hn12figs-activepassiveοἱ τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἀντιλαμβανόμενοι1For the masters who are helped by their workThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For the masters whom the slaves help with their work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2951TI62nmh9figs-activepassiveκαὶ ἀγαπητοὶ1and are lovedThis can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are (1) “and the slaves should love them” or (2) “whom God loves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2961TI64pn8nfigs-genericnounτετύφωται…νοσῶν1he is proud…He has an unhealthy interestHere “he” refers to anyone in general that teaches what is not correct. To make this clear, you can translate “he” as “they” as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
2971TI64z2rbμηδὲν ἐπιστάμενος1understands nothing“understands nothing about Gods truth”
2981TI64qu86figs-metaphorνοσῶν περὶ ζητήσεις καὶ λογομαχίας1He has an unhealthy interest in controversies and argumentsPaul speaks of people who feel compelled to engage in useless arguments as if they were ill. Such people greatly desire to argue, and they do not really want to find a way to agree. Alternate translation: “all he wants to do is argue” or “he craves arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2991TI64i3lkζητήσεις καὶ λογομαχίας, ἐξ ὧν γίνεται φθόνος1controversies and arguments about words that result in envy“controversies and arguments about words, and these controversies and arguments result in envy”
3001TI64xt1zλογομαχίας1about words“about the meaning of words”
3011TI64bjt6ἔρις1strifearguments, fights
3021TI64y3mxβλασφημίαι1insultspeople falsely saying bad things about each other
3031TI64kn69ὑπόνοιαι πονηραί1evil suspicions“people feeling like others want to do evil to them”
3041TI65z2d8διεφθαρμένων…τὸν νοῦν1depraved minds“wicked minds”
3051TI65tyf7figs-metaphorἀπεστερημένων τῆς ἀληθείας1They have lost the truthHere the word “They” refers to anyone who teaches anything that does not agree with the teaching of Jesus. The phrase “have lost the truth” represents ignoring it or forgetting it. Alternate translation: “They have ignored the truth” or “They have forgotten the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3061TI66q5sqδὲ1NowThis marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul begins to contrast the kind of riches the wicked people seek through godliness ([1 Timothy 6:5](../06/05.md)) and the true kind of gain people receive through godliness. Alternate translation: “Of course”
3071TI66ya9zfigs-abstractnounsἔστιν…πορισμὸς μέγας ἡ εὐσέβεια μετὰ αὐταρκείας1godliness with contentment is great gainThe words “godliness” and “contentment” are abstract nouns. Alternate translation: “it is great gain for a person to do what is godly and to be content with what they have” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
3081TI66wzj1ἔστιν…πορισμὸς μέγας1is great gain“provides great benefits” or “does many good things for us”
3091TI67j6qvοὐδὲν γὰρ εἰσηνέγκαμεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον1brought nothing into the world“brought nothing into the world when we were born”
3101TI67jlv8οὐδὲ ἐξενεγκεῖν τι δυνάμεθα1Neither are we able to take out anything“And we can take nothing out of the world when we die”
3111TI68lbk5ἀρκεσθησόμεθα1let us“we should”
3121TI69ij4jδὲ1NowThis word marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul returns to the topic about those who think being godly will make them wealthy ([1 Timothy 6:5](../06/05.md)).
3131TI69pl5dfigs-metaphorπλουτεῖν, ἐμπίπτουσιν εἰς πειρασμὸν, καὶ παγίδα1to become wealthy fall into temptation, into a trapPaul speaks about those who let the temptation of money cause them to sin as if they are animals that have fallen into a hole that a hunter has used as a trap. Alternate translation: “to become wealthy will encounter more temptation than they can resist, and they will be like an animal in a trap (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3141TI69gfy7figs-metaphorοἱ…ἐμπίπτουσιν…ἐπιθυμίας πολλὰς ἀνοήτους καὶ βλαβεράς1They fall into many foolish and harmful passionsThis continues the trap metaphor. This means that their foolish and harmful passions will overcome them. Alternate translation: “And as an animal falls into a hunters trap, they will fall into many foolish and harmful passions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3151TI69nc3ifigs-metaphorαἵτινες βυθίζουσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εἰς ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀπώλειαν1into whatever else makes people sink into ruin and destructionPaul speaks about those that let sin destroy them as if they are a boat that sinks under the water. Alternate translation: “into other kinds of evil that ruin and destroy people as if they were a boat sinking under the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3161TI610xs9dfigs-metaphorῥίζα γὰρ πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἐστιν ἡ φιλαργυρία1For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evilPaul speaks of the cause of evil as if it were a plant root. Alternate translation: “This happens because loving money is a cause of all kinds of evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3171TI610j5z9ὀρεγόμενοι1who desire it“who desire money”
3181TI610b83vfigs-metaphorἀπεπλανήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως1have been misled away from the faithPaul speaks of wrong desires as if they were evil guides who intentionally guide people down the wrong path. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “have let their desires lead them away from the truth” or “have stopped believing the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3191TI610a1fxfigs-metaphorἑαυτοὺς περιέπειραν ὀδύναις πολλαῖς1have pierced themselves with much griefPaul speaks about grief as if it were a sword that a person uses to stab themselves. Alternate translation: “have caused themselves to be very sorrowful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3201TI611m5gzfigs-youσὺ δέ1But youHere “you” is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
3211TI611tp97ὦ ἄνθρωπε Θεοῦ1man of God“servant of God” or “person who belongs to God”
3221TI611h9c6figs-metaphorταῦτα φεῦγε1flee from these thingsPaul speaks of these temptations and sins as if they were things that a person could physically run away from. Alternate translation: “completely avoid these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3231TI611a88gταῦτα1these thingsPossible meanings of “these things” are (1) the “love of money” or (2) the different teachings, pride, arguments, and the love of money.
3241TI611zjl3figs-metaphorδίωκε…δικαιοσύνην1Pursue righteousness“Run after” or “Chase.” Paul speaks of righteousness and other good qualities as if they were things that a person could run after. This metaphor is the opposite of “flee from.” It means to try your best to obtain something. Alternate translation: “Seek to gain” or “Do your best to act in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3251TI612w21pfigs-metaphorἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως1Fight the good fight of faithHere Paul speaks about a person continuing in faith as if they are an athlete fighting to win a contest or a warrior fighting a battle. Alternate translation: “Try your hardest to obey Christs teachings with as much energy as an athlete uses in a contest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3261TI612y6m8figs-metaphorἐπιλαβοῦ τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς1Take hold of the everlasting lifeThis continues the metaphor. Paul speaks about a person receiving eternal life as if they are a victorious athlete or warrior taking their prize. Alternate translation: “Take eternal life as your reward as a victorious athlete takes his prize” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3271TI612usd1figs-activepassiveεἰς ἣν ἐκλήθης1to which you were calledThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to which God has called you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3281TI612qw96ὡμολόγησας τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογία1you gave the good confession“you confessed what is good” or “you confessed the truth”
3291TI612vm6qfigs-metonymyἐνώπιον πολλῶν μαρτύρων1before many witnessesPaul expresses the idea of location in order to signal the idea of the people to whom Timothy was speaking. Alternate translation: “to many witnesses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
3301TI613aj8i0Connecting Statement:Paul talks of Christs coming, gives specific instructions to the rich, and lastly closes with a special message to Timothy.
3311TI613t6dhπαραγγέλλω σοι1I give these orders to you“This is what I command you”
3321TI613ts65figs-explicitτοῦ ζῳοποιοῦντος τὰ πάντα1who gives life to all things“in the presence of God, who causes all things to live.” It is implied that Paul as asking God to be his witness. Alternate translation: “with God, who causes all things to live, as my witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3331TI613amy1figs-explicitκαὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ, τοῦ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πειλάτου1before Christ Jesus, who made…Pilate“in the presence of Christ Jesus, who spoke…Pilate.” It is implied that Paul is asking Jesus to be his witness. Alternate translation: “with Christ Jesus, who spoke…Pilate, as my witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3341TI614p9n9figs-metaphorἄσπιλον ἀνεπίλημπτον1without spot or blameThe word “spot” is a metaphor for moral fault. Possible meanings are (1) Jesus will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong or (2) other people will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3351TI614nk52μέχρι τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ1until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ“until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again”
3361TI615qh1pfigs-explicitδείξει1God will reveal Christs appearingIt is implied that God will reveal Jesus. Alternate translation: “God will reveal Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3371TI615ac6yὁ μακάριος καὶ μόνος Δυνάστης1the blessed and only Sovereign“the One worthy of praise who rules over the world”
3381TI616l9i8ὁ μόνος ἔχων ἀθανασίαν1Only he has immortality“Only he has the power to live forever”
3391TI616tsz3φῶς οἰκῶν ἀπρόσιτον1dwells in inapproachable light“dwells in a light so bright that no one can approach him”
3401TI617te3zfigs-nominaladjτοῖς πλουσίοις…παράγγελλε1Tell the richHere “rich” is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: “Tell those who are rich” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
3411TI617drj6ἐπὶ πλούτου ἀδηλότητι1in riches, which are uncertain“in the many things that they own that they may lose.” The reference here is to physical objects.
3421TI617iq61πάντα πλουσίως1all the true riches“all the things that will make us truly happy.” The reference here may include physical objects, but it more likely refers to states like love, joy, and peace that people try to obtain by means of physical objects.
3431TI618cii3figs-metaphorπλουτεῖν ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς1be rich in good worksPaul speaks of spiritual blessings as if they were earthly wealth. Alternate translation: “serve and help others in many ways” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3441TI619zc9dfigs-metaphorἀποθησαυρίζοντας ἑαυτοῖς θεμέλιον καλὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον1they will store up for themselves a good foundation for what is to comeHere Paul speaks about Gods blessings that he gives in heaven as if they are riches that a person is storing away for later use. And, the certainty of these blessings that people will never lose is spoke of as if they were the foundation of a building. Alternate translation: “it will be as though they were storing up for themselves many things that God will give them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3451TI619z5rufigs-metaphorἐπιλάβωνται τῆς ὄντως ζωῆς1take hold of real lifeThis recalls the sports metaphor of [1 Timothy 6:12](../06/12.md), where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the “prize” is “real” life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3461TI620u9wdfigs-activepassiveτὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον1protect what was given to youThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “faithfully proclaim the true message that Jesus has given to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3471TI620vgr8ἐκτρεπόμενος τὰς βεβήλους κενοφωνίας1Avoid the foolish talk“Do not pay attention to the foolish talk”
3481TI620y2u7figs-activepassiveτῆς ψευδωνύμου γνώσεως1of what is falsely called knowledgeThis can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “of what some people falsely call knowledge” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3491TI621e6rbfigs-metaphorτὴν πίστιν ἠστόχησαν1they have missed the faithPaul speaks of faith in Christ as if it were a target at which to aim. Alternate translation: “they have not understood or believed the true faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3501TI621hix2figs-youἡ χάρις μεθ’ ὑμῶν1May grace be with you“May God give grace to all of you.” The “you” is plural and refers to the whole Christian community. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])