Testing_ABC_en_tn/en_tn_07-JDG.tsv

268 KiB

1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
2JDG11r9ee0Connecting Statement:The book of Judges continues the story about Joshua and is also the beginning of a new part of the story.
3JDG11b9my0YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
4JDG14ku4hfigs-explicit0The men of Judah attackedIt is implied that the men of Simeon attacked with the men of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
5JDG14c9xqtranslate-names0BezekThis is an area in the mountains of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
6JDG15w88ltranslate-names0Adoni-BezekThis man was the leader of the army of the Canaanites and the Perizzites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
7JDG16vz6p0pursued himchased him
8JDG19q3x90in the Negevin the southern Judean wilderness
9JDG19x4ew0foothillshills at the base of a mountain or mountain range
10JDG110ax37writing-background0the name of Hebron was previously Kiriath ArbaThis is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Kiriath Arba but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Hebron. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
11JDG112n39vtranslate-names0AksahThis is the name of Caleb's daughter. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
12JDG113xa4btranslate-names0Othniel, son of KenazThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
13JDG114u3cc0she urged himAksah urged Othniel
14JDG115n8difigs-explicit0Since you have given me the landThis implies that Caleb did give her the field when she asked him for it (verse 14). She is now asking for springs of water in addition to that field. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15JDG116x6ei0of Moses' father-in-lawof the father of Moses' wife
16JDG116fqe90father-in-law the Kenite went upfather-in-law, who was one of the Ken people, went up
17JDG116n6kh0went up from the City of Palms ... into the wildernessleft the City of Palms ... and went into the wilderness
18JDG116a29wfigs-explicit0City of PalmsThis is another name for the city of Jericho. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
19JDG116u7t8translate-names0AradThis is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
20JDG117nd84translate-names0ZephathThis is the name of a city in Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
21JDG119g27v0plainsa very large area of level, treeless ground
22JDG120tyj7translate-names0AnakThis is the name of a man. Anak and his descendants were famous for being very tall. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
23JDG123ffy30spyto get information secretly
24JDG123vx3fwriting-background0the city that was formerly called LuzThis is background information. Some people who first read this book had probably heard of Luz but did not know that it was the same as the city that they called Bethel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
25JDG124qdm80spiespeople who get information secretly
26JDG126i4r50LuzThis new town started in the land of the Hittites was named after the town of Luz, near Bethel, that the man had left.
27JDG127va98translate-names0Beth Shan ... Taanach ... Dor ... Ibleam ... MegiddoThese are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
28JDG128h7tu0they forced the Canaanites to serve them with hard laborthey forced the Canaanites to do hard work for them
29JDG129u8mqtranslate-names0GezerThe name of one of the cities in the Ephraim area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
30JDG130p5amtranslate-names0Kitron ... NahalolThese are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
31JDG130cp5q0hard labordifficult labor
32JDG131b612translate-names0Akko ... Sidon ... Ahlab, Akzib, Helbah, Aphek ... RehobThese are names of cities in the land of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
33JDG133d9v1translate-names0Beth Shemesh ... Beth AnathThese are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
34JDG134w8it0not allowing them to come downstopping them from coming down
35JDG134ijt50plaina very large area of flat land without trees
36JDG135qwt2translate-names0Mount HeresThis is the name of a large hill on which the city of Aijalon was built. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
37JDG135cw8ttranslate-names0Aijalon ... ShaalbimThese are names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
38JDG135x2760the military might of the house of Joseph conquered themthe tribes of people who descended from Joseph were able to conquer them because of their powerful army
39JDG136qr2wtranslate-names0SelaThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
40JDG21q2ka0went up from Gilgal to Bokimleft Gilgal and went to Bokim
41JDG21im2i0brought you up from Egyptled you from Egypt
42JDG23lva50General Information:The angel of Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel.
43JDG23y4wm0thornssharp pieces of wood up to 7 centimeters long that stick out from some plants
44JDG23b6w1figs-metaphor0their gods will become a trap for youThe Israelites worshiping the Canaanite gods is spoken of as if the false gods were a hunter's trap that catches an animal and causes it harm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
45JDG24f5v20shouted and weptcried many tears
46JDG26u1xbwriting_background0when Joshua ... of their landThe events of 1:1-2:5 happened after Joshua died. This is recounting events that happened at the end of the book of Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
47JDG27g5ah0the eldersHere this means the men who helped lead Israel, participating in matters of social justice and in religious matters such as maintaining the law of Moses.
48JDG28k12wtranslate-names0NunThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
49JDG29yk2stranslate-names0Timnath HeresThis is the name of an area of land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
50JDG29f8u2translate-names0Mount GaashThis is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
51JDG210r6cs0fathersHere this means the ancestors of a certain person or people group.
52JDG212tp3ffigs-metaphor0They broke away from YahwehThe Israelites no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they physically broke away from him and left him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
53JDG212n4xlfigs-metaphor0They went after other godsThe Israelites starting to worship false gods is spoken of as if the Israelites walked and went after the false gods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
54JDG212w9r2translate-symaction0bowed down to themThis is an act of worship and giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
55JDG212j3xw0They provoked Yahweh to angerThey caused Yahweh to become angry
56JDG213ddu6translate-names0AshtorethsThis is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
57JDG214bjf90he gave them to the raiders who stole their possessions from themhe let raiders steal their possessions
58JDG215n59g0they were in terrible distressthey were suffering terribly
59JDG216t2b3figs-metaphor0Then Yahweh raised up judgesYahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he were raising or lifting the persons up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
60JDG217p49i0they would not listen to their judgesthey would not obey their judges
61JDG218eau5figs-metaphor0When Yahweh raised up judgesYahweh appointing persons to be judges is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the persons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
62JDG218j2rk0all the days the judge livedas long as the judge lived
63JDG218n8w40pityto have compassion for someone or something
64JDG219q63wfigs-metaphor0they would turn awayThe people no longer obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they would physically turn away from Yahweh. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
65JDG220b7rkfigs-metaphor0The anger of Yahweh burned against IsraelThe anger of Yahweh is described as burning like a fire. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 2:14](../02/14.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
66JDG222n194figs-metaphor0they will keep the way of Yahweh and walk in itHow Yahweh wants people to live or behave is spoken of as if it were a way or road. A person obeying Yahweh is spoken of as if they were walking in his way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
67JDG31hp8z0these nationsThis refers to the people groups that the narrator will list in 3:3.
68JDG33upq5translate-names0Mount Baal HermonThis is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
69JDG33z6zctranslate-names0Hamath PassThis is the name of an area at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
70JDG34dzs70as a meansas a way
71JDG34wbc70the commands he gavethe commands Yahweh gave
72JDG38b1vltranslate-names0Cushan-RishathaimThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
73JDG38a27ltranslate-names0Aram NaharaimThis is the name of a country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
74JDG39vg5kfigs-metaphor0Yahweh raised up someoneYahweh appointing someone to do a special work for him is spoken of as if Yahweh raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
75JDG39k6r60Othniel ... KenazSee how you translated these men's names in [Judges 1:13](../01/13.md).
76JDG310y8450empowered himThis phrase means that Yahweh helped Othniel to have and develop the qualities he needed to be a great leader.
77JDG312z23qtranslate-names0EglonThis is the name of a king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
78JDG313rp3h0the City of PalmsThis is another name for the city of Jericho. See how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
79JDG315mpv50called out to YahwehHere this means to shout or speak loudly to someone far away. It can also mean to ask someone for help, especially God.
80JDG315zn6dfigs-metaphor0raised up someoneYahweh appointing someone to do a special service for him is spoken of as if he raised or lifted up the person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
81JDG315jja5translate-names0Ehud ... GeraThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
82JDG315w4sk0left-handedEhud was better able to hold a sword with his left hand.
83JDG316i3y70he strapped it on under his clothing on his right thighhe tied it to his right thigh under his clothing
84JDG316s4wh0thighthe part of the leg between the knee and the hip
85JDG320f67g0in the coolness of the upper roomThis is a room above the lower level that was used for rest and to remain cool during the hot part of the day.
86JDG320p7fttranslate-symaction0The king got up out of his seatStanding up was a sign of honoring God will listening to his message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
87JDG322k49p0The tip of the sword came out of his backThe sharp end of the sword came out of his back
88JDG323djg40porchan outside room with low walls and a roof covering
89JDG324z2qtfigs-euphemism0Surely he is relieving himselfThis is a polite way to speak about a person having a bowel movement (defecating) or urinating. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
90JDG325d7zv0until they felt they were neglecting their dutyThey waited until they became worried that something was wrong and it was their duty to open the doors to their king's private room.
91JDG325e1jf0took the key and opened themtook the key and opened the doors
92JDG326x36qtranslate-names0SeirahThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
93JDG328s9y40General Information:Ehud speaks to the people of Israel in Ephraim.
94JDG328ax6hfigs-metaphor0for Yahweh is about to defeat your enemiesYahweh helping the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who would fight and defeat their enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
95JDG328i3vy0captured the fordsgained control of the fords
96JDG328k9q10fordsthe areas of a river where it is shallow and easy to walk across to the other side
97JDG328uf810did not allow anyone to crossdid not let anyone cross
98JDG331psq10judgeGod appointed judges to lead the people of Israel in times of trouble after they entered the Promised Land and before they had kings. Often judges rescued the Israelites from their enemies.
99JDG331xdh8translate-names0ShamgarThe name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
100JDG331uz68translate-names0AnathThe name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
101JDG4intropjw50# Judges 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br>Chapters 4 and 5 form one section about Barak and Deborah.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Barak's leadership<br><br>At this time, it was very unusual for a woman to be a leader, especially a military leader. Barak lacked the strength to go into battle without Deborah. This indicates that Barak was a poor leader. If a woman won the battle for him, it would have brought Barak shame. It also indicates that Deborah was very well respected. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
102JDG41h4q70EhudSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
103JDG42i943translate-names0Jabin ... SiseraThese are the names of men (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
104JDG42fk1ttranslate-names0Hazor ... Harosheth HaggoyimThese are the names of cities or places (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
105JDG43k27q0twenty years20 years
106JDG44e7xnwriting-background0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Deborah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
107JDG44nnu6translate-names0DeborahThis is the name of a woman (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
108JDG44gru6translate-names0LappidothThis is the name of a man (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
109JDG44lj930judgeGod appointed judges to lead the Israelites in times of trouble. Often the judges rescued them from their enemies.
110JDG45uy3x0palm of DeborahThis tree was named after Deborah.
111JDG46b5l8translate-names0General Information:The writer of Judges refers to men, a city, a mountain, and a river by their names. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
112JDG46ehp5translate-names0Barak ... AbinoamThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
113JDG46yn83translate-names0Mount TaborThis is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
114JDG47hl3v0draw outto cause people to come away from a safe location
115JDG47k3na0Sisera ... JabinSee how you translated these men's names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
116JDG47sue6translate-names0KishonThis is the name of a river. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
117JDG48qr6v0General Information:Barak has a discussion with Deborah.
118JDG48b27v0BarakSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
119JDG49msw70SiseraSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
120JDG49bi9q0DeborahSee how you translated this woman's name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
121JDG411wq16writing-background0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Heber the Kenite. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
122JDG411fty7translate-names0Heber ... HobabThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
123JDG411aup80KeniteSee how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md)
124JDG411jez10Moses' father-in-lawthe father of Moses' wife
125JDG411y5mftranslate-names0ZaanannimThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
126JDG412dcw10SiseraSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
127JDG412i2cf0Barak ... Abinoam ... Mount TaborSee how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
128JDG413x4xy0Harosheth HaggoyimSee how you translated the name of this city in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
129JDG413a7q60Kishon RiverSee how you translated this in [Judges 4:7](../04/07.md).
130JDG416ce5l0HaroshethTranslate this the same way you did in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
131JDG417ayi30Sisera ... Jabin ... HazorSee how you translated these names in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
132JDG417h17wfigs-idiom0ran away on footThis is an idiom that means he was walking rather than riding a horse or in a chariot. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
133JDG417mp3utranslate-names0JaelThis is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
134JDG417s2ne0HeberSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md).
135JDG417kwu80KeniteSee how you translated this in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
136JDG418u5k90blanketa large covering for the body to sleep under for warmth, made of wool or animal skins
137JDG419cn6j0He said to herSisera said to Jael
138JDG421ctd60tent pega pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent
139JDG421i8q20hammera heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground
140JDG421lvc4figs-metaphor0a deep sleepLike a person in a deep hole cannot easily climb out, a person in a deep sleep cannot easily wake up. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
141JDG423xzh1figs-metaphor0God defeated Jabin, the king of Canaan, before the people of IsraelGod causing the Israelites to defeat Jabin and his army is spoken of as is God himself defeated Jabin as the people of Israel watched. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
142JDG424y25t0The mightThe military power
143JDG5introjgd90# Judges 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Deborah and Barak continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations prefer to set apart quotations, prayers, and songs. The ULT and many other English translations set the lines of Chapter 5, which is a song, farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### The flood<br><br>God caused rain and flooding to bog down Jaban's chariots making<br>them vulnerable to soldiers on foot, even though it is not said. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
144JDG51pfq90DeborahSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
145JDG51l3sj0Barak ... AbinoamSee how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
146JDG52s1810when the people gladly volunteer for warwhen the men agree to fight in battle
147JDG53awd4writing-poetry0General Information:Deborah and Barak's song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
148JDG53hs8jfigs-apostrophe0Listen, you kings! Pay attention, you leadersDeborah and Barak speak to the kings and leaders as if they were there listening to the song. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
149JDG53cbt10you kings ... you leadersThis refers to kings and leaders in general, not to specific kings or leaders.
150JDG54f5pufigs-metaphor0when you went out from Seir, when you marched from EdomThis refers to the time when the Israelites left Edom to start conquering the people in Canaan. Yahweh empowering his people to defeat the people of Canaan is spoken of as if he were a warrior leading the Israelite army. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
151JDG54vj7etranslate-names0SeirSeir is a mountain on the border of the land of Israel and Edom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
152JDG54hw54figs-metaphor0the earth shook, and the skies also trembled; also the clouds poured down waterPossible meanings are 1) this is poetic language that emphasizes Yahweh's power by describing it as causing earthquakes and storms or 2) the people of Canaan being terrified as the Israelites were about to attack them is spoken of as if the earth and sky were shaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
153JDG55db6hwriting-poetry0General Information:Deborah and Barak's song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
154JDG56he9e0In the days ofDuring the lifetime of
155JDG56asi7translate-names0Shamgar ... Anath ... JaelThese are the names of people. See how you translated Shamgar and Anath in [Judges 3:31](../03/31.md) and Jael in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
156JDG56rw34writing-background0son of AnathShamgar's father is mentioned to help identify Shamgar and when he lived. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
157JDG56i6j50the winding pathsThis refers to smaller roads that fewer people traveled on.
158JDG510vf240sitting on rugs for saddlesThese rugs were probably used as saddles on the donkey's back to make the rider more comfortable.
159JDG511v16w0General Information:The song of Deborah and Barak continues.
160JDG512q8vlwriting-poetry0General Information:Deborah and Barak's song continues using poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
161JDG512de7e0Awake, awakePossible speakers are 1) the people of Israel or 2) Deborah who is speaking to herself or 3) the poet who wrote the song.
162JDG512jc430DeborahSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
163JDG512qc510Barak ... AbinoamSee how you translated these names in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
164JDG514yna1translate-names0MachirThis is the place where the descendants of Machir live. Machir was the son of Manasseh and the grandson of Joseph. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
165JDG515w1en0DeborahSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:4](../04/04.md).
166JDG515yt1t0BarakSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
167JDG515z2wa0rushing after him into the valley under his commandobeying his command and rushing after him into the valley
168JDG517zwj6figs-explicit0the other side of the JordanThis refers to the east side of the Jordan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
169JDG517wy1cfigs-explicit0wander about on shipsThe tribe of Dan was located near the Mediterranean sea. They sailed on the sea to make money through trade and fishing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
170JDG517s37f0harborsplaces at the seacoast with deeper water where ships were kept
171JDG519bwx40Taanach ... MegiddoTranslate the names of these places as you did in [Judges 1:27](../01/27.md).
172JDG519lin60plunderthings taken by force, usually in battle or by thieves
173JDG520uwf8figs-personification0From heaven the stars fought, from their paths across the heavens they fought against SiseraYahweh helping the Israelite to defeat Sisera and his army is spoken of as if the stars themselves fought against Sisera and his army. This may refer to Yahweh using natural elements, specifically rain storms, to defeat Sisera. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
174JDG520ac6p0SiseraSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
175JDG521h8ac0KishonSee how you translated this in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
176JDG522n7540gallopingrunninb quickly
177JDG523cdl6translate-names0MerozThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
178JDG524n5q60JaelSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:18](../04/18.md).
179JDG524r37w0HeberSee how you translated this name in [Judges 4:11](../04/11.md).
180JDG524jve50KeniteTranslate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 1:16](../01/16.md).
181JDG525viu5figs-explicit0a dish fit for princesThis phrase means the dish was of the best quality because princes were given the best things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
182JDG526k8d20She put her hand to the tent pegJael grabbed the tent peg with her left hand
183JDG526iyf80tent pegThis is a pointed piece of wood or metal, like a large nail, that is hammered into the ground to hold down a corner of a tent. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md).
184JDG526va7c0hammerThis is a heavy tool made of wood used to hit a tent peg into the ground. See how you translated this in [Judges 4:21](../04/21.md).
185JDG526hkm30SiseraSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 4:2](../04/02.md).
186JDG527e9gf0limpwithout strength or movement
187JDG528duq10the latticeThis is a frame in the window made of crossed wood.
188JDG529mw320she gave herself the same answershe said to herself the same thing
189JDG530zp9h0embroideredhaving designs made of colored threads
190JDG531bi4xfigs-simile0like the sun when it rises in its mightThe people of Israel wish to be like the sun that rises because no nation's army is powerful enough to stop the sunrise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
191JDG6introp5sj0# Judges 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section about Gideon. (Chapters 6-8)<br><br>### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel's punishment<br>In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])<br>
192JDG62pl5z0densplaces in the rocky cliffs that would provide shelter
193JDG65e5slfigs-simile0they would come as a swarm of locustsThe Midianites are compared to a swarm of locusts because they came in with a great number of people and their livestock ate everything that grew. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
194JDG65ra2ifigs-hyperbole0it was impossible to countThis is an exaggeration, a hyperbole, showing the number is very great. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
195JDG68q22q0I brought you up from EgyptI led you out of Egypt
196JDG611sex80NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
197JDG611r6sgtranslate-names0OphrahThis is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
198JDG611iz4dtranslate-names0AbiezriteThis is a people group named after their ancestor Abiezer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
199JDG612fe5w0appeared to himwent to him
200JDG614n2w10Yahweh looked at himYahweh looked at Gideon
201JDG615gpv80See, my familyLook at my family and me and you will see that it
202JDG615gp6c0in Manassehin the tribe of Manasseh
203JDG618ngy50set it before youplace it in front of you
204JDG619c4pf0brothwater that has had food, such as meat, cooked in it
205JDG619r55k0them to himthem to the angel of God
206JDG621ggc20angel of YahwehIn 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
207JDG621x8t90went awaydisappeared
208JDG622x6iw0angel of YahwehIn 6:11-24 Yahweh appears to Gideon in the form of an angel. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
209JDG623b3hafigs-explicit0Yahweh said to himApparently Yahweh spoke to Gideon from heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
210JDG624s81y0To this dayThis means to the time when the book of Judges was written.
211JDG624y4ya0OphrahTranslate the name of this town as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
212JDG624w4kn0the clan of AbiezerTranslate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
213JDG625n1rh0that is beside itthat is beside the altar of Baal
214JDG626tj4p0on the top of this place of refugeThe city of Ophrah was on top of a hill. Israelites fled there for refuge from the Midianites.
215JDG627xp8k0did as Yahweh had told himThis refers to Yahweh's command in [Judges 6:25-26](./25.md).
216JDG632q44c0because he saidbecause Joash said
217JDG633ual50NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
218JDG634sz1y0clan of AbiezerTranslate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
219JDG637uf1b0woolen fleecethe woolly coat of a sheep
220JDG637qz5z0dewwater that forms on plants during the night
221JDG638cs870Gideon roseGideon got out of bed
222JDG638ub6l0wrungtwist and squeeze something to remove water
223JDG71u9630Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
224JDG71se4n0they encampedthey set up their camp
225JDG71q9lutranslate-names0spring of Harod ... hill of MorehThese are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
226JDG73gt6xfigs-parallelism0Whoever is afraid, whoever tremblesBoth of these phrases have the same meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
227JDG73iup9translate-names0Mount GileadThis is the name of a mountain in the region of Gilead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
228JDG75w69s0lapsto drink by licking with the tongue
229JDG78cx8b0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
230JDG710u4w3translate-names0PurahThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
231JDG711wv5r0guard postsplaces around the edge of an area where soldiers stand to watch for an enemy army
232JDG712zt6sfigs-hyperbole0Their camels were more ... in number than the grains of the sand on the seashoreThe author uses a hyperbole, an exaggeration, to emphasize that there were very many camels. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
233JDG719wba70right at the beginning of the middle watchThe beginning of the middle watch would be around 10 o'clock at night.
234JDG722rv5btranslate-names0Beth Shittah ... Zererah ... Abel Meholah ... TabbathThese are the names of towns and cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
235JDG724js9ytranslate-names0Beth BarahThis is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
236JDG724u7ze0took control of the waters, as far as Beth Barah and the Jordan Rivertook control of the area of the Jordan River as far south as Beth Barah
237JDG725hn84figs-explicit0at the rock of Oreb ... at the winepress of ZeebThe places were given these names after the Israelites killed Oreb and Zeeb there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
238JDG725rvj8translate-names0Oreb ... ZeebThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
239JDG82xg1a0General Information:Gideon replies to the men from Ephraim.
240JDG82rr59figs-metonymy0AbiezerThis is the name of one of Gideon's ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer's descendants and their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
241JDG83x1xa0Oreb and ZeebSee how you translated these names in [Judges 7:25](../07/25.md).
242JDG83riv20died downbecame less
243JDG85zt2qtranslate-names0Zebah and ZalmunnaThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
244JDG87j77m0thorns and brierssharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals
245JDG88ikw7translate-names0PenielThe name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
246JDG810nfu60NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the story line. Here the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.
247JDG810tli80Zebah and ZalmunnaSee how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
248JDG810vw38translate-names0KarkorThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
249JDG811jbu9translate-names0Nobah and JogbehahThese are names of towns. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
250JDG812dmu90Zebah and ZalmunnaSee how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
251JDG812if5y0panicextreme fear or worry that makes someone unable to think or act normally
252JDG813w2l7translate-names0the pass of HeresThis is the name of a road that passes between two mountains. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
253JDG815buj30Zebah and ZalmunnaSee how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
254JDG816vr3e0thorns and briersThese are sharp, pointed pieces on vines or tree limbs that stick out and can cut people and animals. See how you translated this in [Judges 8:7](../08/07.md).
255JDG817jg810PenielTranslate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 8:8](../08/08.md).
256JDG818lav20Zebah and ZalmunnaSee how you translated these names in [Judges 8:5](../08/05.md).
257JDG818gw8k0TaborTranslate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 4:6](../04/06.md).
258JDG818q1pd0As you are, so were theyThey were just like you
259JDG820xg9ftranslate-names0JetherThis is the name of Gideon's son. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
260JDG821lzn10crescentThis is a curved shape with two points. This shape occurs when the moon is mostly covered in shadow.
261JDG821eu980ornamentsdecorations
262JDG824va810Gideon said to themGideon said to the men of Israel
263JDG824qb9s0earringsjewelry worn on the ear
264JDG824e5zj0plunderthings stolen by force or taken off of people killed in war
265JDG824c2b3writing-background0The Midianites had golden earrings because they were IshmaelitesHere the narrator tells background information about the Midianites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
266JDG825ark20cloakclothing made from a large piece of fabric and worn over the shoulders as a coat
267JDG826w5mz0crescent ornamentsSee how you translated this in [Judges 8:21](../08/21.md).
268JDG826rc470pendantspieces of jewelry that hang at the end of the chains or cords of necklaces
269JDG827awh90Gideon made an ephod out of the earringsGideon used the gold from the earrings to make an ephod
270JDG827tir60OphrahTranslate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
271JDG828z3zj0in the days of Gideonduring the life of Gideon
272JDG829z3sb0Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
273JDG832aen40OphrahTranslate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
274JDG832pc1f0the clan of AbiezerTranslate the name of this people group as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
275JDG833be440It came aboutThis phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
276JDG833ce8stranslate-names0Baal-BerithThis is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
277JDG834lqk50on every sidewho surrounded them
278JDG835w3k30Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
279JDG91cb580Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
280JDG93ie290His mother's relatives spoke for him to the leadersThis means that the relatives of the mother of Abimelech spoke to the leaders, suggesting that they make Abimelech their king.
281JDG93ubh90they agreed to follow Abimelechthey agreed to let Abimelech be their leader
282JDG94g7i40Baal-BerithThis is the name of a false god. See how you translated it in [Judges 8:33](../08/33.md).
283JDG94mi770worthless and recklessviolent and foolish
284JDG95c56j0OphrahTranslate the name of this city as you did in [Judges 6:11](../06/11.md).
285JDG95ilv20Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
286JDG96up6dtranslate-names0Beth MilloThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
287JDG97d3wsfigs-parables0General Information:Jotham begins telling a parable in which the trees try to find someone to rule them. The trees represent the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
288JDG97z9vxtranslate-names0Mount GerizimThis is a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
289JDG98p19pfigs-parables0The trees once went out to anoint a king over them. For they said to the olive tree, 'Reign over us.'In this parable Jotham describes the trees doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
290JDG98ai6t0Reign over usBe our king
291JDG99ns1k0General Information:Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in [Judges 9:7](../09/07.md), where the trees represent the Israelites.
292JDG911df3rfigs-parables0the fig tree said to themJotham continues describing the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
293JDG912akj60General Information:Jotham continues telling the parable he begins in [Judges 9:7](../09/07.md), where the trees represent the Israelites.
294JDG912m2h3figs-parables0The trees said to the vineIn this parable, Jotham describes the trees and the vine as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
295JDG914mp3a0thornbushThorns are sharp spikes or spurs that hurt. This bush has many sharp spikes along its branches.
296JDG915ne2j0General Information:Jotham continues telling his parable, where trees represent various people groups, and makes the application.
297JDG915g1p2figs-parables0The thornbush said to the treesIn this parable, Jotham describes the thornbush and the trees as doing things that humans do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
298JDG915hvs50fire come out of the thornbush and let it burn up the cedars of LebanonThis means to let the thornbush burn so that it will burn the cedars.
299JDG916y7g30Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
300JDG917x8ae0General Information:Jotham makes the application to the situation at that time and place.
301JDG917fpm70to think that my father fought for you ... out of the hand of MidianHere Jotham is expressing that he cannot believe how badly the people of Shechem have treated Gideon and his family even after Gideon fought to save the people of Shechem.
302JDG920g8i6figs-metaphor0let fire come out from Abimelech and burn up the men of ShechemJotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of Abimelech destroying the people of Shechem as if he would burn them with fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
303JDG920ibq3figs-metaphor0Let fire come out from the men of Shechem and Beth Millo, to burn up AbimelechJotham is speaking a curse. He speaks of the people of Shechem and Beth Millo destroying Abimelech as if they would burn him with fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
304JDG920iey10Beth MilloThis is the name of a place. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:6](../09/06.md).
305JDG921pan4translate-names0BeerThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
306JDG923bv9r0God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the leaders of ShechemThis means that God applied the curse Jotham made by sending an evil spirit to cause trouble and animosity between Abimelech and the leaders of Shechem.
307JDG924b1g10Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
308JDG925b7tx0positioned men to lie in wait on the hilltops that they might ambush himsent men to hide on the hilltops and wait to attack Abimelech
309JDG926r2uetranslate-names0Gaal ... EbedThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
310JDG927r8w9figs-explicit0they trampled on themThey did this to squeeze out the grape juice to make wine with it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
311JDG928yyy50Gaal ... EbedSee how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
312JDG928p2s80Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
313JDG928b36ztranslate-names0ZebulThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
314JDG928rq5n0Serve the men of Hamor, Shechem's fatherGaal means the people of Shechem should serve those who descended from Hamor, that is, those who are truly Canaanites, and not serve someone whose father was an Israelite.
315JDG929v1e20I wish that this people were under my commandI wish that I ruled the people of Shechem
316JDG930qj5l0ZebulSee how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
317JDG930a53k0heard the words of Gaal son of Ebedheard what Gaal son of Ebed said
318JDG930p2rs0Gaal ... EbedSee how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
319JDG932yn4z0General Information:Zebul's messengers continue talking to Abimelech.
320JDG932mrh80an ambushto hide and attack them suddenly
321JDG933k1f30do whatever you can to themThis means that they can do what they want to destroy the followers of Gaal.
322JDG935q22c0Gaal ... EbedSee how you translated these names in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
323JDG936v8bb0GaalThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
324JDG936vu4i0ZebulThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
325JDG938tqh10ZebulSee how you translated this name in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
326JDG938u3920despisedstrongly disliked or hated
327JDG939h55i0GaalSee how you translated this name in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
328JDG941y21ztranslate-names0ArumahThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
329JDG941q5ep0ZebulThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:28](../09/28.md).
330JDG941f6ud0GaalThis is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Judges 9:26](../09/26.md).
331JDG943e8ph0they set an ambush in the fieldsthey hid in the fields to attack the people by surprise
332JDG944h6g90the unitsthe groups of soldiers
333JDG945zi770tore downdemolished
334JDG946lty1figs-metonymy0the houseHere this represents a temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
335JDG948h1s8translate-names0Mount ZalmonThis is the name of a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
336JDG949thc70piledThis means to stack the branches into a large heap.
337JDG950jh8ftranslate-names0ThebezThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
338JDG950nyj80encamped against Thebezcamped outside the city of Thebez
339JDG952jgq20fought against itattacked it
340JDG953z9j60upper millstoneTwo large, flat, round stones were used to grind grain in a mill. An upper millstone was the top one that was rolled on the lower one to crush the grain in between them.
341JDG954vm490armor-bearerThis is the man who carried the weapons of Abimelech.
342JDG954is1h0pierced him throughThis means the young man put the sword right through the body of Abimelech.
343JDG957q7dp0Jerub BaalThis is another name for Gideon. See how you translated this name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).
344JDG10introzqn20# Judges 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins the account of Jephthah ([Judges 10-12](./01.md)).<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Israel's punishment<br>In Judges, Israel's actions are connected to their obedience to Yahweh. When Israel does evil, they are oppressed. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/oppress]])<br>
345JDG101g7wwtranslate-names0Tola ... Puah ... DodoThese are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
346JDG101ti4gtranslate-names0ShamirThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
347JDG103m9uktranslate-names0JairThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
348JDG103j6fm0the GileaditeJair was from the tribe of Gilead.
349JDG104vb1ytranslate-names0Havvoth JairThis is the name of a region, which is named after a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
350JDG104h6440to this dayThis means to the time when the book of Judges was being written.
351JDG105s19jtranslate-names0KamonThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
352JDG106p7j40AshtorethsThis is the plural of Ashtoroth, who was worshiped as a goddess in many different forms. See how you translated this in [Judges 2:13](../02/13.md).
353JDG106p6q5figs-metaphor0They abandoned YahwehNo longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if the people left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
354JDG107f4v2figs-metaphor0he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the AmmonitesYahweh allowing the Philistines and the Ammonites to defeat the Israelites is spoken of as if he sold the Israelites to them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
355JDG108msz60who were beyond the JordanThis means on the east side of the Jordan River.
356JDG108b5w40which is in Gileadthis region is also called Gilead
357JDG1010lda90the people of Israel called out to YahwehThis means the people of Israel desperately asked Yahweh for help.
358JDG1010b8t5figs-metaphor0because we abandoned our GodThe people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
359JDG1012w39atranslate-names0MaonitesThese are the people from the clan or family of Maon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
360JDG1013p759figs-metaphor0you abandoned me againThe people no longer obeying and worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if they left Yahweh and went somewhere else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
361JDG1018j3k20Who is the man who will begin to fight the Ammonites?Who will lead our army to fight against the Ammonites?
362JDG11introq7si0# Judges 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Jephthah continues in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Jephthah the leader<br>Jephthah was half Israelite and half Canaanite by birth. While all of the judges were called by Yahweh, it is the leaders who called Jephthah to help them, but Yahweh still used Jephthah to help them.<br>
363JDG111yk6stranslate-names0GileaditeThis is someone who is from the region of Gilead. It is a coincidence that his father's name is also Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
364JDG112r35b0When his wife's sons grew upWhen the sons of Gilead's wife became adults
365JDG113aw1rtranslate-names0the land of TobTob is the name of a region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
366JDG114cn670Some days laterSome time later
367JDG116b37n0that we may fight withso that we can fight against
368JDG118uem90fight with the people of Ammonfight against the people of Ammon
369JDG1111w6mk0all the promises he madeThis refers to the promises he made to the leaders of Gilead about becoming their leader.
370JDG1112hwk40come with force to takecome to forcefully take
371JDG1113qdz6translate-names0Arnon ... JabbokThese are the names of two rivers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
372JDG1113ps710over to the Jordanon the other side of the Jordan River
373JDG1117je4p0General Information:Jephthah's messengers continue to speak.
374JDG1118el820ArnonThis is the name of a river. See how you translated this in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md).
375JDG1119msq60General Information:Jephthah's messengers continue to speak.
376JDG1119j2t5translate-names0SihonThis is the name of a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
377JDG1119pyu6translate-names0HeshbonThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
378JDG1120mn9xtranslate-names0JahazThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
379JDG1121sf5x0General Information:Jephthah's messengers continue to speak.
380JDG1121fsk60SihonSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md).
381JDG1122ce2e0Arnon ... JabbokSee how you translated the names of these rivers in [Judges 11:13](../11/13.md).
382JDG1123v22e0General Information:Jephthah's messengers continue to speak.
383JDG1124z3zhtranslate-names0ChemoshThis is the name of a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
384JDG1125fk7mtranslate-names0Balak ... ZipporThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
385JDG1126pty20General Information:Jephthah's messengers continue to speak.
386JDG1126pu9w0HeshbonTranslate the name of this city the same way that you did in [Judges 11:19](../11/19.md).
387JDG1126c2xitranslate-names0AroerThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
388JDG1133dl1t0AroerTranslate the name of this city the same way you did in [Judges 11:26](../11/26.md).
389JDG1133pfq6translate-names0Minnith ... Abel KeramimThese are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
390JDG1134ng9vtranslate-unknown0tambourinesmusical instruments with heads like drums that can be hit and with pieces of metal around their sides that sound when the instruments are shaken (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
391JDG1140s7390the GileaditeThis refers to someone from Gilead. See how you translated this in [Judges 10:3](../10/03.md).
392JDG12introp8zn0# Judges 12 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Jephthah concludes in this chapter.<br><br>### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Shibboleth<br>This is a word in Hebrew. Its importance in this chapter is because of its sounds, not its meaning. The translator should not translate the meaning of this word, but should transliterate or transfer it into the target language by substituting letters that have the same sounds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])<br>
393JDG121ubq3translate-names0ZaphonThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
394JDG124p9f20Gileaditespeople from Gilead
395JDG125dcy50to Ephraimto the land of Ephraim
396JDG125yc1p0fordsThese are places where you can cross the river on foot because the water is shallow.
397JDG125w1cc0Ephraimiteperson from the tribe of Ephraim
398JDG126uc7k0pronounce the wordmake the sound of the word
399JDG128ha85translate-names0Ibzan of BethlehemThis is the name of a man from Bethlehem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
400JDG1211k8nxtranslate-names0ElonThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
401JDG1211jl6e0Zebulunitesomeone from the tribe of Zebulun
402JDG1212dn790AijalonTranslate the name of this place the same way you did in [Judges 1:35](../01/35.md).
403JDG1213x9gztranslate-names0Abdon ... HillelThese are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
404JDG1213z3n6translate-names0PirathonThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
405JDG132y3djtranslate-names0ZorahThis was the name of a town in Israel. It was in the region of Judah near the border of Dan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
406JDG132l3wl0Danitespeople from the tribe of Dan
407JDG132v9vwtranslate-names0ManoahThis is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
408JDG134nfl8figs-metaphor0anything uncleanSomething that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
409JDG135lb1d0razora sharp knife used to cut hair close to the skin
410JDG137s1qyfigs-metaphor0any food that the law declares to be uncleanSomething that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
411JDG138nb4i0ManoahSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
412JDG1312gti50your wordswhat you have said
413JDG1314f8vufigs-metaphor0uncleanSomething that Yahweh has stated is unfit to eat is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 13:7](../13/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
414JDG1317ut4y0your words come truewhat you have said comes true
415JDG1319pqv40He did somethingThe angel did something
416JDG1320s8h80the angel of Yahweh went up in the flame of the altarthe angel of Yahweh went back up into heaven through the flames on the altar
417JDG1324n5650the womanManoah's wife
418JDG1325wnc2translate-names0Mahaneh Dan ... EshtaolMahaneh Dan is the name of a temporary camp that the tribe of Dan lived in while they looked for a permanent home. Eshtaol is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
419JDG1325x4d30ZorahTranslate the name of this town the same way you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
420JDG14introcl2d0# Judges 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 14:14, 18.<br><br>### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Intermarriage<br>It was considered sinful for an Israel to marry a Canaanite or anyone from a different people group. This is why Samson's parents did not want him to marry a Philistine woman. They use rhetorical questions to convince him that he is sinning. This woman caused Samson many problems. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br>
421JDG144ubq90this matterThis refers to Samson's request to marry the Philistine woman.
422JDG146ryx90tore ... aparttore into two pieces
423JDG148ude70carcassdead body
424JDG148y8ha0swarmlarge group of insects
425JDG149u3ie0scraped upgathered up
426JDG1412kh6c0riddlea game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
427JDG1412ze1u0linena type of cloth
428JDG1414z49r0General Information:Samson tells his riddle. Since it is supposed to be hard to understand, do not translate it in a way that people will immediately know what it means.
429JDG1414bdu60his gueststhe men at his feast
430JDG1415w5dc0Trickmislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
431JDG1416d72a0riddlea game in which the players must discover the answer to a difficult question
432JDG1418cl8w0plowedTo plow is to use an animal to pull a blade through soil to prepare the soil for seeds.
433JDG1419kc4e0their menthe men who lived there
434JDG1419u2u50plunderthings taken by force, usually after a fight or battle
435JDG1419ym430Burning with angerVery angry
436JDG1420ibt70best friendclosest friend
437JDG15introdn160# Judges 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson continues in this chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 15:16.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Samson's strength<br><br>The Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon Samson. This meant God gave Samson extraordinary strength. Samson's power is the power of Yahweh himself and he enacted the judgment of God on the Philistines. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/judge]])<br>
438JDG154bxn90foxesFoxes are animals like dogs that have long tails and that eat nesting birds and other small animals.
439JDG154g4ms0each paira pair is two of anything, such as two foxes, or two tails
440JDG154l3z70tail to tailby their tails
441JDG154b6p30torchesA torch is a stick of wood with something flammable attached to one end; a torch is often used to light other things or to be carried for light.
442JDG155p7mc0standing graingrain that is still growing on its stalk in the field
443JDG155i6qn0stacked grainthe stalks of grain collected in piles after it has been harvested
444JDG155a7kw0orchardsAn orchard is a place where fruit trees are grown.
445JDG156r78stranslate-names0TimniteThis is a person from Timnah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
446JDG157sj8e0said to themsaid to the Philistines
447JDG157k4eu0If this is what you doBecause you have done this.
448JDG158xk3p0cavean opening in a hill or mountainside
449JDG158yl630cliffa high, rocky hill or mountainside
450JDG158b6rwtranslate-names0EtamThis is the name of the rocky hill country near Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
451JDG159fkh20prepared for battleorganized themselves for battle
452JDG159v6jwtranslate-names0LehiThis is the name of a town in Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
453JDG1511ji180cave in the cliff of EtamSee how you translated this phrase in [Judges 15:8](../15/08.md).
454JDG1514xp7l0LehiThis is the name of a town in Judah. See how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md).
455JDG1514d1fe0flaxfibers from the flax plant used for making threads and cloth
456JDG1515w6nt0a fresh jawboneThis means that the donkey had died very recently and its bones had not yet begun to decay. A jawbone is the bone in which the lower rows of teeth are set.
457JDG1516dzp60the jawbone of a donkeya donkey's jawbone
458JDG1518ta260was very thirstyneeded water to drink
459JDG1518h9yrfigs-idiom0die of thirstThis means to die because you have not drank enough and therefore, you do not have enough water in your body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
460JDG1519c7760LehiSee how you translated this in [Judges 15:9](../15/09.md)
461JDG16introu81n0# Judges 16 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The account of Samson concludes in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Samson's mistake<br><br>Samson mistakenly thought that he was the source of his strength. He did not realize that Yahweh had left him and without Yahweh, he had no strength. This was not Samson's only mistake. His foreign wife created most of his problems.<br>
462JDG162fyj20The Gazites surrounded the place ... they waited for him all night at the city gateThis implies that some Gazites surrounded the place where Samson was staying and others waited at the city gate so that he could not leave.
463JDG163iye20until midnightuntil the middle of the night
464JDG163fv5x0its two postsThese are supports for the city gate. These posts were probably made from tree trunks and were buried deep into the ground. The doors of the city gate were attached to these posts.
465JDG163c2m40bar and allThe bar was probably a heavy rod of iron that connected the gate to the posts. The doors of the city gate were probably made of heavy wooden beams or iron bars.
466JDG163m4dx0shouldersthe part of the human body where the arms and the neck attach to the body
467JDG163yq6ttranslate-names0HebronThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
468JDG164itb4translate-names0Valley of SorekThis is the name of a valley near Samson's home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
469JDG165c6wz0Trickto mislead or fool someone into doing something they would not want to do
470JDG165y38x0by what means we may overpower himhow we might overpower him"
471JDG168xt1g0she tied Samson up with themDelilah tied Samson up with the fresh bowstrings
472JDG169n6pxwriting-background0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author tells background information about Philistine men that Delilah had waiting to capture Samson. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
473JDG1613s6f30weavecrossing pieces of material together so they hold each other in place
474JDG1613h8x30locks of my hairsmall bunches of hair
475JDG1613c2e80fabriccloth made from weaving material together
476JDG1613wv5vtranslate-unknown0looma machine used for combining many threads of material into a cloth (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
477JDG1613gkr70then nail that to the loomthen nail the fabric to the loom
478JDG1613pn2m0nailto hammer a nail in order to hold something in one place
479JDG1614lc6p0the pinThis is the wooden nail or peg used to fasten the fabric to the loom.
480JDG1616imn20with her wordsby what she said to him
481JDG1617y8xz0razora sharp blade used to cut hair close to a person's skin
482JDG1617seg50shavedto have had the hair cut close to the skin with a razor
483JDG1618x4mm0Come up againDelilah is telling the rulers to come again to where she lives. Her home is likely at a higher elevation than where the rulers would be travelling from.
484JDG1619h2jg0She had him fall asleepShe caused him to fall asleep
485JDG1619gjg30lapThe lap is the level area of the upper legs when a person is sitting down.
486JDG1619w8dj0subdue himcontrol him
487JDG1620jt7e0woke upawakened
488JDG1620n31e0get outescape
489JDG1621t1sq0shackleslocks on the end of chains that hold a prisoner at his feet or hands, or both
490JDG1621mn740turned the millstonepulled the millstone around in a circle
491JDG1621ujq10millstoneThis is a very large, heavy, circular stone. Normally, a large animal pulls the millstone around in a circle to crush grain. Here the Philistines humiliate Samson by making him pull it.
492JDG1623b13vtranslate-names0Dagona major false god of the Philistines (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
493JDG1623p1250has conqueredhas defeated
494JDG1626d2gs0Permit me to touch the pillars on which the building restsAllow me to touch the pillars which hold up the building
495JDG1627fx8pwriting-background0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main story while the writer tells background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
496JDG1627l6hc0looking onwatching
497JDG1627ulj60while Samson was entertaining themIt is unclear what Samson did to entertain them. It seems the Philistines were making him do things that would humiliate him so that they could make fun of him.
498JDG1628n4yh0called to Yahwehprayed to Yahweh
499JDG1628ld690only this onceone more time
500JDG1629dmd30on which the building restedwhich held up the building
501JDG1630u7yd0were morewere a greater amount
502JDG1631na1k0Zorah ... EshtaolSee how you translated the names of these places in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md) and [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
503JDG1631de6c0in the burial place of Manoah, his fatherwhere his father, Manoah, is buried
504JDG1631i2d4translate-names0ManoahSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
505JDG17introc4540# Judges 17 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter begins a section explaining how Israel came to have a king.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Idols and figures<br><br>According to the law of Moses, the Israelites were prohibited from making wooden figures or cast metal idols. This was a form of idolatry. This practice was common in Canaan and it shows the influence the Israelites allowed these people to have on them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br>
506JDG171rrp1writing-participants0There was a manThis is a way to introduce a new person to the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
507JDG171ke46translate-names0MicahThis is the name of a man. It is not the same man who wrote the book of Micah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
508JDG172m56x0I stole itI was the one who took it
509JDG173sc6v0cast metalmetal that has been melted and poured into a mold to form a special shape
510JDG173ss9u0I restore it to youI give it back to you
511JDG177z9bc0of Bethlehemfrom Bethlehem
512JDG177ktm70He stayed there to fulfill his dutiesHe lived and worked there
513JDG178pd1z0find a place to livefind a different place to live
514JDG1710mw130I will give you ten pieces of silver a yearI will give you ten pieces of silver each year
515JDG1710j73e0a suit of clothesa set of clothes
516JDG18introy2ru0# Judges 18 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tribe of Dan<br><br>The tribe of Dan lacked faith in Yahweh and had yet to conquer its inheritance. In this chapter, they begin to conquer their land, but they also started to worship an idol. Their conquering of the land is much different than the other tribes' victories. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br>
517JDG181d1r4writing-newevent0In those daysThis phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
518JDG181w9qnwriting-background0In those days ... from among the tribes of IsraelThis is background information about Israel and the people of the tribe of Dan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
519JDG182j6xd0experienced warriorsexperienced fighters
520JDG182jv960ZorahSee how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
521JDG182cgy70EshtaolSee how you translated the name of this town in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
522JDG182bt980MicahSee how you translated this man's name in [Judges 17:1](../17/01.md).
523JDG187i57ptranslate-names0LaishThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
524JDG187a8c90There was no one who conqueredThere were no enemies living in their land who had conquered them
525JDG188f5il0ZorahTranslate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:2](../13/02.md).
526JDG188lih20EshtaolTranslate the name of this city the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
527JDG1812z66itranslate-names0Kiriath JearimThis is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
528JDG1812q4cf0Mahaneh DanTranslate the name of this place the same as you did in [Judges 13:25](../13/25.md).
529JDG1814l46p0LaishTranslate the name of this town the same as you did in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
530JDG1815cx880they turned in therethey turned
531JDG1821t33e0they turnedthe Danites turned around
532JDG1827fw330LaishSee how you translated this in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
533JDG1828p5rb0they had no dealings with anyonethis means they lived far enough away from any other city, that they lived secluded from other people. See how you translated this phrase in [Judges 18:7](../18/07.md).
534JDG1828vw28translate-names0Beth RehobThis is a name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
535JDG19introgj7f0# Judges 19 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The sin of Benjamin<br>People from a village of the tribe of Benjamin raped a visitor's wife to death. This was very evil, especially in the ancient Near East. The people of Israel considered mistreatment of a guest one of the worst crimes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/evil]])<br>
536JDG191akh7writing-newevent0In those daysThis phrase introduces the beginning of another event in the story line. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
537JDG191u1qs0remotefar from where most people live
538JDG193e9q80His servant was with him, and a pair of donkeysHe took with him his servant and two donkeys
539JDG194v2kw0persuaded him to stayspoke to him so he decided to stay
540JDG195in6x0he preparedthe Levite prepared
541JDG196j88k0Please be willing to spend the nightPlease stay another night
542JDG1910amf90that is Jerusalemwhich was later called Jerusalem
543JDG1915bqt50the city squarethe marketplace where people gathered during the day
544JDG1916z1l20BenjamitesA Benjamite was a descendant of Benjamin. See how you translated the name of this people group in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
545JDG1917h3nh0the city squarethe marketplace where people gathered during the day. See how you translated this in [Judges 19:14](../19/14.md).
546JDG1920jm1p0squareThis refers to the city square. See how you translated this [Judges 19:17](../19/17.md).
547JDG1922q1dh0some men of ... surrounded the houseSome men stood on all sides of the house.
548JDG20introlla10# Judges 20 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Benjamin destroyed<br><br>The army of Israel destroys all the tribe of Benjamin except 600 men. After this point in time, the tribe of Benjamin becomes mostly insignificant.<br>
549JDG202ze7s0God—400,000 men on footGod and also 400,000 regular soldiers came
550JDG203sl7g0NowThis word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the author of the book tells background information about what the people of Benjamin knew.
551JDG203x8r40had gone up to MizpahMizpah was located high in the mountains.
552JDG207h9h30NowThis word is used to introduce the conclusion of the speech of the Levite.
553JDG209xy7l0But nowThese words introduce the main portion of what the people say after the initial exclamation.
554JDG209l3690as the lot directsThis involved tossing or rolling small marked stones to determine what God wants.
555JDG2010mm9k0provisionsfood and other things the people need
556JDG2011wfs10assembled against the citycame together to attack the city
557JDG2016a8xm0left-handedA left-handed person is someone who is more skilled with their left hand than with their right hand.
558JDG2017apy50not countingnot including
559JDG2019k8jq0moved their camp near GibeahThere is some question about the meaning of the Hebrew text. Instead of meaning that they set up their camp near Gibeah, it could mean that the army went out and stood across from Gibeah ready to fight.
560JDG2023cpc20they sought direction from YahwehThe method they used is not stated. The priest may have cast lots to determine God's will.
561JDG2027usm6writing-background0for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those daysThis is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
562JDG2027cs7a0was there in those dayswas at Bethel in those days
563JDG2028ly8ewriting-background0and Phinehas ... was serving before the ark in those daysThis is background information that the author inserted to help the reader understand how the people asked Yahweh for an answer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
564JDG2029k5i50secret placesin ambush
565JDG2033a2iktranslate-names0Baal TamarThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
566JDG2036mrd4writing-background0The men of Israel had given ground to Benjamin, because they were counting on the men ... outside GibeahFrom this sentence until the end of verse 41 is background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
567JDG2036sq9efigs-idiom0they were counting on the menThis is an idiom that means they trusted their men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
568JDG2039btm9writing-background0General Information:This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
569JDG2039t29b0would turn from the battlewould retreat from the fight
570JDG2040w5nswriting-background0General Information:This verse continues to give background information that the writer inserted to explain to the readers how the ambush defeated the Benjamites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
571JDG2041ltm10disastergreat harm, trouble, misery
572JDG2043xh56translate-names0NohahThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
573JDG2044c8tw0were distinguished in battlehad fought bravely in the battle
574JDG2045akn80They turned and fledThe remaining Benjamites turned and fled
575JDG2045y3rytranslate-names0GidomThis is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
576JDG2048h7m30turned back against the people of BenjaminThese people of Benjamin are not the soldiers who fled to the rock of Rimmon, but the ones who were still in the city.
577JDG211rw2t0BenjamiteThis is the name of the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
578JDG217dms90Who will provide wives for those who are left, since we have made a promise to Yahweh that we will not let any of them marry our daughters?The Israelites wanted to provide wives for the few surviving Benjamites, but their promise at Mizpah prevented them from doing that.
579JDG218vtf2translate-names0Jabesh GileadThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
580JDG219jyg70people were set out in an orderly mannerpeople that were assembled at Mizpah were accounted for
581JDG2110qw5x0strike the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead with the edge of the sword, including the women and childrenThe next verse will add an exception to this general instruction.
582JDG2110ajh80strike ... with the edge of the swordkill ... with their swords
583JDG2112n2u20Jabesh GileadThis is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md).
584JDG2114h1ad0Jabesh GileadThis is the name of a city. See how you translated this in [Judges 21:8](../21/08.md).
585JDG2114iu7g0there were not enough women for all of themThere were six hundred Benjamite men, and only four hundred women from Jabesh Gilead.
586JDG2115v1140made a division between the tribes of Israelhad caused the tribes of Israel not to be unified
587JDG2116sc2b0BenjamitesThis refers to the descendants of Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Judges 3:15](../03/15.md).
588JDG2117mk7lfigs-hyperbole0There must be an inheritance ... is not destroyed from IsraelThe Israelites are exaggerating. They had already given wives to four hundred of the Benjamites, so the tribe would not be completely destroyed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
589JDG2119u453writing-background0which is north of Bethel, east of the road that goes up from Bethel to Shechem, and south of LebonahThis is background information to explain to the reader where the city of Shiloh is located. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
590JDG2119m2hztranslate-names0LebonahThis is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
591JDG2122pcc60You are innocent ... not give your daughters to themThis refers to the men of Shiloh. They did not voluntarily give their daughters to the Benjamites, and therefore did not break their promise not to do that.
592JDG2123ng9r0the number of wives that they neededThis refers to one wife for each of the two hundred Benjamite men who did not receive wives from Jabesh Gilead ([Judges 21:14](../21/14.md)).
593JDG2125b8xe0there was no king in IsraelIsrael did not yet have a king