Testing_ABC_en_tn/en_tn_60-JAS.tsv

1	Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2	JAS	1	1	ssc8			0	General Information:	The apostle James writes this letter to all the Christians. Many of them were Jews, and they lived in many different places.
3	JAS	1	2	knw6			0	Consider it all joy, my brothers, when you experience various troubles	My fellow believers, think of all your different kinds of troubles as something to celebrate
4	JAS	1	4	unh4		τέλειοι	1	fully developed	able to trust in Christ and obey him in all circumstances
5	JAS	1	5	du7z			0	ask for it from God, the one who gives	ask God for it. He is the one who gives
6	JAS	1	5	q2df		τοῦ διδόντος πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ μὴ ὀνειδίζοντος	1	gives generously and without rebuke to all	gives generously and does not rebuke any
7	JAS	1	6	p12l	figs-simile		0	For anyone who doubts is like a wave in the sea that is driven by the wind and tossed around	Anyone who doubts that God will help him is said to be like the water in the ocean or in a large lake, which keeps moving in different directions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
8	JAS	1	8	k89p	figs-metaphor	ἀκατάστατος ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτοῦ	1	unstable in all his ways	Here this person is spoken of as if he cannot stay on one path but instead goes from one to another. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
9	JAS	1	9	gc9b		ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὁ ταπεινὸς	1	the poor brother	the believer who does not have much money
10	JAS	1	9	yxs5	figs-metaphor	καυχάσθω ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ	1	boast of his high position	Someone whom God has honored is spoken of as if he were standing in a high place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
11	JAS	1	10	nug7	figs-simile	ὡς ἄνθος χόρτου παρελεύσεται	1	he will pass away as a wild flower in the grass	Rich people are spoken of as being similar to wild flowers, which are alive for only a short time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
12	JAS	1	11	ng26	figs-simile	οὕτως καὶ ὁ πλούσιος ἐν ταῖς πορείαις πορείαις αὐτοῦ μαρανθήσεται	1	the rich man will fade away in the middle of his journey	Here the flower simile is probably continued. As flowers do not die suddenly but instead fade away over a short time, so also the rich people may not die suddenly but instead take a little time to disappear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
13	JAS	1	11	sdi2	figs-metaphor	ἐν ταῖς πορείαις πορείαις αὐτοῦ	1	in the middle of his journey	A rich man's activities in daily life are spoken of as if they are a journey that he is making. This metaphor implies that he is giving no thought to his coming death, and that it will takes him by surprise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
14	JAS	1	12	vcu4			0	Connecting Statement:	James reminds the believers who have fled that God does not cause temptation; he tells them how to avoid temptation.
15	JAS	1	12	vr4a		ὑπομένει πειρασμόν	1	endures testing	remains faithful to God during hardships
16	JAS	1	12	vta6			0	passed the test	he has been approved by God
17	JAS	1	13	a77a		πειραζόμενος	1	when he is tempted	when he desires to do something evil
18	JAS	1	13	zb13		πειράζει δὲ αὐτὸς οὐδένα	1	nor does he himself tempt anyone	and God himself does not try to persuade anyone do evil
19	JAS	1	14	nj9m	figs-personification	ἕκαστος πειράζεται ὑπὸ τῆς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας	1	each person is tempted by his own desire	A person's desire is spoken of as if it were someone else who was tempting him to sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
20	JAS	1	14	nle5	figs-personification	ἐξελκόμενος καὶ δελεαζόμενος	1	which drags him away and entices him	Evil desire continues to be spoken of as if it were a person who could drag away someone else. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
21	JAS	1	14	z4bd		δελεαζόμενος	1	entices	attracts, persuades someone to do evil
22	JAS	1	15	s4cd	figs-personification		0	Then after the desire conceives, it gives birth to sin, and after the sin is full grown, it gives birth to death	Desire continues to be spoken of as a person, this time clearly as a woman who becomes pregnant with a child. The child is identified as sin. Sin is another female baby that grows up, becomes pregnant, and gives birth to death. This chain of metaphors is a picture of someone who ends up dying both spiritually and physically because of his evil desires and his sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
23	JAS	1	17	t2nn	figs-doublet	πᾶσα δόσις ἀγαθὴ καὶ πᾶν δώρημα τέλειον	1	Every good gift and every perfect gift	These two phrases mean basically the same thing. James uses them to emphasize that anything good that a person has comes from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
24	JAS	1	18	mj29	figs-metaphor	ἀπεκύησεν ἀπεκύησεν ἡμᾶς	1	give us birth	God, who brought us eternal life, is spoken of as if he had given us birth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
25	JAS	1	19	ev3v		βραδὺς εἰς ὀργήν	1	slow to anger	not get angry quickly
26	JAS	1	20	ej4p		ὀργὴ ἀνδρὸς δικαιοσύνην Θεοῦ οὐκ ἐργάζεται ἐργάζεται	1	the anger of man does not work the righteousness of God	When a person is always angry, he cannot do God's work, which is righteous.
27	JAS	1	22	x14m		γίνεσθε ποιηταὶ λόγου	1	Be doers of the word	Be people who follow God's instructions
28	JAS	1	22	wvp4		παραλογιζόμενοι ἑαυτούς	1	deceiving yourselves	fooling yourselves
29	JAS	1	23	ewn9		ὅτι εἴ τις ἀκροατὴς λόγου ἐστὶν	1	For if anyone is a hearer of the word	For if anyone listens to the God's message in the scriptures
30	JAS	1	23	pw5x	figs-simile	οὗτος ἔοικεν ἀνδρὶ κατανοοῦντι τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γενέσεως αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐσόπτρῳ	1	he is like a man who examines his natural face in a mirror	A person who hears God's word is like someone who looks in the mirror. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
31	JAS	1	25	kvr7	figs-simile	ὁ δὲ παρακύψας εἰς νόμον νόμον τέλειον	1	the person who looks carefully into the perfect law	This expression continues the image of the law as a mirror. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
32	JAS	1	26	j1bg			0	thinks himself to be religious	thinks he worships God correctly
33	JAS	1	26	bj2t		ἀπατῶν	1	deceives	gets someone to believe something that is not true
34	JAS	1	26	q83d			0	his religion is worthless	he worships God uselessly
35	JAS	1	27	skf4	figs-metaphor		0	before our God and Father	directed to God (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
36	JAS	1	27	iiv2		ὀρφανοὺς	1	the fatherless	the orphans
37	JAS	1	27	r8nj		ἐν τῇ θλίψει αὐτῶν	1	in their affliction	The fatherless and widows are suffering because their fathers or husbands have died.
38	JAS	2	1	ici9			0	Connecting Statement:	James continues to tell the scattered Jewish believers how to live by loving one another and reminds them not to favor rich people over poor brothers.
39	JAS	2	1	qs2x	figs-metaphor	ἔχετε τὴν πίστιν τοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	hold to faith in our Lord Jesus Christ	Believing in Jesus Christ is spoken of as if it were an object that one could hold onto. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
40	JAS	2	1	en1c		προσωπολημψίαις	1	favoritism toward certain people	the desire to help some people more than others
41	JAS	2	2	h5uh	figs-hypo		0	Suppose that someone	James starts to describe a situation where the believers might give more honor to a rich person than to a poor person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
42	JAS	2	2	j8d5			0	wearing gold rings and fine clothes	dressed like a wealthy person
43	JAS	2	3	zx9f			0	sit here in a good place	sit in this place of honor
44	JAS	2	3	ce14		στῆθι ἐκεῖ	1	stand over there	move to a place with less honor
45	JAS	2	3	h2fy		κάθου ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου	1	Sit at my feet	move to a humble place
46	JAS	2	5	qii5	figs-metaphor	κληρονόμους	1	heirs	The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
47	JAS	2	6	yv6y	figs-you	ὑμεῖς δὲ ἠτιμάσατε	1	But you have	James is speaking to his whole audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
48	JAS	2	6	vr53		ἠτιμάσατε τὸν πτωχόν	1	have dishonored the poor	you have shamed poor people
49	JAS	2	6	z73x		καταδυναστεύουσιν ὑμῶν	1	who oppress you	who treat you badly
50	JAS	2	8	ymf5		ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν	1	You shall love your neighbor as yourself	James is quoting from the book of Leviticus.
51	JAS	2	10	l29g		ὅστις γὰρ τηρήσῃ	1	For whoever obeys	For anyone who obeys
52	JAS	2	10	jb5u	figs-metaphor		0	except that he stumbles ... the whole law	Stumbling is falling down while one is trying to walk. Disobeying one point of the law is spoken of as if it were stumbling while walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
53	JAS	2	10	m8ep			0	in just a single way	because of disobedience to just one requirement of the law
54	JAS	2	11	ez11		ὁ γὰρ εἰπών	1	For the one who said	This refers to God, who gave the law to Moses.
55	JAS	2	12	ik76		διὰ νόμου	1	by means of the law	This passage implies that it is God who will judge according to his law.
56	JAS	2	12	e87r		νόμου ἐλευθερίας	1	the law of freedom	the law that gives true freedom
57	JAS	2	14	h384			0	Connecting Statement:	James encourages the scattered believers to show their faith before others, just as Abraham showed others his faith by his works.
58	JAS	2	14	g8kr		σῶσαι αὐτόν	1	save him	spare him from God's judgment
59	JAS	2	15	f6el		ἀδελφὸς ἢ ἀδελφὴ	1	brother or sister	a fellow believer in Christ, whether male or female
60	JAS	2	16	n5jh	figs-metonymy	τοῦ σώματος	1	for the body	to eat, to wear, and to live comfortably (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
61	JAS	2	18	al63	figs-hypo	ἀλλ’ ἐρεῖ τις	1	Yet someone may say	James describes a hypothetical situation where someone objects to his teaching. James seeks to correct his audience's understanding of faith and works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
62	JAS	2	21	ysr8			0	General Information:	Since these are Jewish believers, they know the story of Abraham, about whom God had told them long ago in his word.
63	JAS	2	25	hir8			0	In the same way also ... justified by works	James says that what was true of Abraham was also true of Rahab. Both were justified by works.
64	JAS	2	25	pn2f		Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη	1	Rahab the prostitute	James expected his audience to know the Old Testament story about the woman Rahab.
65	JAS	2	25	bx6i	figs-metaphor	ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη	1	justified by works	James speaks of works as something to possess. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
66	JAS	2	25	af9u		ἀγγέλους	1	messengers	people who bring news from another place
67	JAS	2	25	xm5m		ἑτέρᾳ ὁδῷ ὁδῷ ἐκβαλοῦσα	1	sent them away by another road	then helped them escape and leave the city
68	JAS	2	26	uum8	figs-metaphor	, ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα χωρὶς πνεύματος νεκρόν ἐστιν οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις χωρὶς ἔργων νεκρά ἐστιν	1	For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, even so faith apart from works is dead	James is speaking of faith without works as if it were a dead body without the spirit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
69	JAS	3	intro	py3p			0		# James 03 General Notes<br>### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>#### Metaphors<br><br>James teaches his readers that they should live to please God by reminding them of things that they know from everyday life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
70	JAS	3	1	p4uu	figs-genericnoun		0	Not many of you	James is making a generalized statement. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
71	JAS	3	1	c36b		ἀδελφοί μου	1	my brothers	my fellow believers
72	JAS	3	2	t6xt		ἐν λόγῳ οὐ πταίει πταίει	1	does not stumble in words	does not sin by saying wrong things
73	JAS	3	2	kn4v		οὗτος τέλειος ἀνήρ ἀνήρ	1	he is a perfect man	he is spiritually mature
74	JAS	3	3	z2ez			0	General Information:	James is developing an argument that small things can control big things.
75	JAS	3	3	zql3		εἰ δὲ τῶν ἵππων τοὺς χαλινοὺς' εἰς τὰ στόματα βάλλομεν	1	Now if we put bits into horses' mouths	James speaks about horses' bits. A bit is a small piece of metal that is placed into a horse's mouth to control where it goes.
76	JAS	3	3	u92q		τῶν ἵππων	1	horses	A horse is a large animal used to carry things or people.
77	JAS	3	4	jrk1		μετάγεται ὑπὸ ἐλαχίστου πηδαλίου πηδαλίου ὅπου ἡ ὁρμὴ τοῦ εὐθύνοντος βούλεται	1	are steered by a very small rudder to wherever the pilot desires	have a small tool that a person can use to control where the ship goes
78	JAS	3	5	ub5h			0	Notice also	Think about
79	JAS	3	6	i61e	figs-metaphor	πῦρ ὁ κόσμος τῆς ἀδικίας καθίσταται ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ἡμῶν	1	a world of sinfulness set among our body parts	The enormous effects of sinful speaking are spoken of as if they were a world by themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
80	JAS	3	6	sv44	figs-metaphor	ἡ σπιλοῦσα ὅλον τὸ σῶμα	1	It stains the whole body	Sinful speaking is spoken of metaphorically as if it stained one's body. And becoming unacceptable to God is spoken of as if it were dirt on the body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
81	JAS	3	7	b8c9	translate-unknown	ἑρπετῶν	1	reptile	This is an animal that crawls on the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
82	JAS	3	7	zw5m		ἐναλίων	1	sea creature	an animal that lives in the sea
83	JAS	3	9	le6h		ἐν αὐτῇ εὐλογοῦμεν	1	With it we	We use the tongue to say words that
84	JAS	3	9	ucm9		καταρώμεθα τοὺς ἀνθρώπους	1	we curse men	we ask God to harm men
85	JAS	3	10	qrs2		ἀδελφοί μου	1	My brothers	Fellow Christians
86	JAS	3	10	n9zy		οὐ χρή ταῦτα γίνεσθαι	1	these things should not happen	these things are wrong
87	JAS	3	11	m18q			0	Connecting Statement:	After James stresses that the words of believers should not both bless and curse, he gives examples from nature to teach his readers that people who honor God by worshiping him should also live in right ways.
88	JAS	3	12	jjj8		ἀδελφοί μου	1	my brothers	my fellow believers
89	JAS	3	15	mzc9		δαιμονιώδης	1	demonic	from demons
90	JAS	3	17	hhk5		πρῶτον ἁγνή ἐστιν	1	is first pure	is first holy
91	JAS	4	1	k21j			0	Connecting Statement:	James rebukes these believers for their worldliness and their lack of humility. He again urges them to watch how they speak to and about each other.
92	JAS	4	1	v5kg		τοῖς τοῖς μέλεσιν μέλεσιν ὑμῶν	1	among your members	Possible meanings are 1) there is fighting among the local believers, or 2) the fighting, that is, the conflict, is inside each believer.
93	JAS	4	4	b5ly	figs-metonymy	ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου	1	friendship with the world	This phrase refers to identifying with or participating in the world's value system and behavior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
94	JAS	4	4	br36	figs-personification	ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου	1	friendship with the world	Here the world's value system is spoken of as if it were a person that others could be friends with. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
95	JAS	4	6	hyh2			0	so the scripture	Because God gives more grace, the scripture
96	JAS	4	7	da5t		ὑποτάγητε οὖν	1	So submit	Because God gives grace to the humble, submit
97	JAS	4	7	g7e5		ὑποτάγητε τῷ Θεῷ	1	submit to God	obey God
98	JAS	4	7	w9ue		φεύξεται	1	he will flee	he will run away
99	JAS	4	7	b5yz	figs-you	ὑμῶν	1	you	Here this pronoun is plural and refers to James' audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
100	JAS	4	8	g62m	figs-metaphor	ἐγγίσατε τῷ Θεῷ	1	Come close to God	Here the idea of coming close stands for becoming honest and open with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
101	JAS	4	8	yh1k	figs-parallelism		0	Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded	These are two phrases in parallel with each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
102	JAS	4	9	kdn8	figs-doublet	ταλαιπωρήσατε, πενθήσατε, καὶ κλαύσατε	1	Grieve, mourn, and cry	These three words have similar meanings. James uses them together to emphasize that the people should be truly sorry for not obeying God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
103	JAS	4	11	jlx4		ἀλλὰ κριτής	1	but a judge	but you are acting like the person who gives the law
104	JAS	4	15	gj65		ἀντὶ, τοῦ λέγειν ὑμᾶς	1	Instead, you should say	Instead, your attitude should be
105	JAS	4	17	q84z			0	for anyone who knows to do good but does not do it, for him it is sin	Anyone who fails to do the good he knows he should do is guilty of sin.
106	JAS	5	1	phs3			0	Connecting Statement:	James warns rich people about their focus on pleasure and riches.
107	JAS	5	2	v241			0	riches ... clothes	These things are mentioned as examples of things that are valuable to wealthy people.
108	JAS	5	3	wj9v			0	gold ... silver	These things are mentioned as examples of things that are valuable to wealthy people.
109	JAS	5	3	i37x	figs-simile		0	will consume ... like fire	Here the corrosion is spoken of as if it were a fire that will burn up their owners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
110	JAS	5	3	j6fe	figs-metaphor	πῦρ	1	fire	The idea of fire here is meant to lead people to remember that fire often stands for God's punishment that will come on all the wicked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
111	JAS	5	4	gcj5			0	Connecting Statement:	James continues to warn rich people about thier focus on pleasure and riches.
112	JAS	5	4	h9y8	figs-metaphor	εἰς τὰ ὦτα Κυρίου Σαβαὼθ	1	into the ears of the Lord of hosts	God is spoken of as if he had ears as humans have. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
113	JAS	5	6	z7w1		ἀντιτάσσεται ὑμῖν	1	resist you	oppose you
114	JAS	5	7	n888			0	General Information:	In closing, James reminds the believers about the Lord's coming and gives several short lessons on how to live for the Lord.
115	JAS	5	7	xr6g			0	Connecting Statement:	James changes topics from a rebuke of the rich people to an exhortation to the believers.
116	JAS	5	7	a4sv		μακροθυμήσατε οὖν	1	So be patient	Because of this, wait and be calm
117	JAS	5	7	y4er	figs-metaphor	ὁ γεωργὸς	1	the farmer	James makes an analogy using farmers and believers to teach what it means to be patient. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
118	JAS	5	8	jw3b			0	the Lord's coming is near	the Lord will return soon
119	JAS	5	9	k74r			0	Do not complain, brothers ... you	James is writing to all the scattered Jewish believers.
120	JAS	5	9	w9xv		κατ’ ἀλλήλων	1	against one another	about each other
121	JAS	5	9	ita4		ἰδοὺ, ὁ κριτὴς	1	See, the judge	Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: the judge
122	JAS	5	10	sic1		, τῆς κακοπαθίας καὶ τῆς μακροθυμίας τοὺς προφήτας οἳ ἐλάλησαν ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου	1	the suffering and patience of the prophets, those who spoke in the name of the Lord	how the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord suffered persecution with patience
123	JAS	5	11	xwr8		ἰδοὺ, μακαρίζομεν	1	See, we regard	Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: we regard
124	JAS	5	11	s3nl		τοὺς ὑπομείναντας	1	those who endured	those who continued obeying God even through hardship
125	JAS	5	16	t2iq			0	General Information:	As these were Jewish believers, James reminds them to pray by recalling one of the prophets of old and that prophet's practical prayers.
126	JAS	5	16	dl5k		ἐξομολογεῖσθε οὖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας	1	So confess your sins	Admit to other believers things you did wrong so that you can be forgiven.
127	JAS	5	16	i8cm		ἀλλήλοις	1	to one another	to each other
128	JAS	5	18	yi7m		ἡ γῆ ἐβλάστησεν τὸν καρπὸν αὐτῆς	1	the earth produced its fruit	Here the earth is presented as the source of the crops.
129	JAS	5	20	xg1y	figs-metonymy		0	whoever turns a sinner from his wandering way ... will cover over a great number of sins	James means that God will use the actions of this person to persuade the sinner to repent and be saved. But James speaks as if it were this other person who actually saved the sinner's soul from death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
130	JAS	5	20	rh4d	figs-metaphor	καλύψει πλῆθος ἁμαρτιῶν	1	will cover over a great number of sins	Possible meanings are 1) the person who brings back the disobedient brother will have his sins forgiven or 2) the disobedient brother, when he returns to the Lord, will have his sins forgiven. Sins are spoken of as if they were objects that God could cover so that he would not see them, so that he would forgive them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])