Testing_ABC_en_tn/en_tn_08-RUT.tsv

41 KiB

1BookChapterVerseIDSupportReferenceOrigQuoteOccurrenceGLQuoteOccurrenceNote
2RUT11m9nl0in the days when the judges ruledduring the time when judges led and governed Israel
3RUT12e53a0Ephrathites of Bethlehem of JudahThey were people from the tribe of Ephraim who settled at Bethlehem in the region of Judea.
4RUT13rxb10she was left with her two sonsNaomi had only her two sons with her
5RUT14k7y90from the women of MoabNaomi's sons married women who were from the tribe of Moab. The Moabites worshiped other gods.
6RUT14aee60the name of one ... the name of the otherthe name of one woman ... the name of the other woman
7RUT14rt4c0ten yearsTen years after Elimelek and Naomi came to the country of Moab, their sons Mahlon and Kilion died.
8RUT15dbr30leaving NaomiNaomi was widowed.
9RUT16ser20YahwehThis is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
10RUT16v86z0had helped his people in needGod saw their need and provided good harvests for them.
11RUT16u9q20daughters-in-lawthe women who married Naomi's sons
12RUT18hsf70your mother's houseto the home of each of your mothers
13RUT18hh5j0shown kindnessdemonstrated that you are loyal
14RUT19v2vxfigs-metonymy0in the house of another husbandwith their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physical house that belongs to the husband, and to the protection from shame by being married. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
15RUT19t69wfigs-idiom0they raised their voices and criedTo raise the voice is an idiom for speaking loudly. The daughters cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
16RUT114n47vfigs-idiom0lifted up their voices and criedThis means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
17RUT115ld6g0Listen, your sister-in-lawPay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important, your sister-in-law
18RUT115man40her godsBefore Orpah and Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshiped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they began to worship Naomi's God.
19RUT116z5ug0where you staywhere you live
20RUT117lql7figs-idiom0Where you die, I will dieThis refers to Ruth's desire to spend the rest of her life living in the same place and town as Naomi. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
21RUT118rsq20she stopped arguing with herNaomi stopped arguing with Ruth
22RUT119xnb30Is this Naomi?Since it has been many years since Naomi lived in Bethlehem and no longer has her husband and two sons, it is likely the women were expressing doubt as to if this woman was actually Naomi. Treat as a real question, not rhetorical.
23RUT121n9zc0I went out full, but Yahweh has brought me home again emptyWhen Naomi left Bethlehem, her husband and two sons were living, and she was happy. Naomi blames Yahweh for the death of her husband and sons, saying that he has caused her to return to Bethlehem without them, and now she is bitter and unhappy.
24RUT121jqx50condemned mejudged me guilty
25RUT21t2snwriting-background0Now Naomi had a relative of her husbandThis phrase introduces new information before the story continues. Your language may have a way to introduce new information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
26RUT22am6a0Ruth, the Moabite womanHere the story resumes. You need to see how your language restarts a story after a break.
27RUT22c7rk0the Moabite womanThis is another way of saying the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab.
28RUT22ed930daughterRuth was caring for Naomi as if she were her own mother. Make sure it is possible in your language to use this word for someone who is not an actual daughter.
29RUT23ht730She happened to comeRuth was not aware that the field she picked to glean in belonged to Naomi's relative Boaz.
30RUT24q1lv0came from BethlehemThe fields were an unspecified distance outside of Bethlehem.
31RUT25a5ht0What man does this young woman belong to?Possible meanings are 1) Boaz was asking about Ruth's husband or 2) Boaz was asking about Ruth's parents or current guardians.
32RUT28ke9bfigs-idiom0my daughterThis was a kind way of addressing a younger woman. Ruth was not the actual daughter of Boaz, so make sure the translation of this does not make it sound like she was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
33RUT29v5e40not to touch youPossible meanings are 1) the men were not to harm Ruth or 2) the men were not to stop her from gleaning in his field.
34RUT29ahr70the water that the men have drawnTo draw water means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage vessel.
35RUT210az6y0she bowed down before Boaz, touching her face to the groundThese are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
36RUT210ug7p0Why have I found such favor ... a foreigner?Ruth is asking a real question.
37RUT211r44nfigs-metonymy0to come to a peopleBoaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
38RUT212s2vm0for your deedThis is an act of faith, choosing to live with Naomi in Bethlehem and trusting Naomi's God.
39RUT213zc5n0I am not one of your female servantsPossible meanings are 1) Ruth was not one of Boaz's female servants or 2) Ruth did not think her marriage to Naomi's son granted her any privilege in Bethlehem.
40RUT214yht20At mealtimeThis refers to the noontime meal.
41RUT214p2560dip your morsel in the wine vinegarThis was a simple meal eaten in the field. People would sit on the ground around a cloth that had a bowl of wine vinegar on it and plates of broken bread. They would dip their bread in the vinegar bowl to wet it and add flavor before they ate it.
42RUT214xr6s0wine vinegara sauce that bread was dipped in. The Israelites further fermented some of their wine to make vinegar.
43RUT215rct90As she got upAs she stood up
44RUT217h3ap0beat outShe separated the edible part of the grain from the hull and stalk, which is thrown away.
45RUT217rdx2figs-idiom0ears of grainThis refers to the eatable part of the grain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
46RUT218etn8figs-explicit0She lifted it up and went into the cityIt is implied that Ruth carried the grain home. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
47RUT218r6sz0her mother-in-law sawNaomi saw
48RUT219bg28figs-parallelism0Where have you gleaned today? Where did you go to work?Naomi said almost the same thing in two different ways to show that she was very interested in knowing what had happened to Ruth that day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
49RUT220p8km0he be blessed by YahwehNaomi is asking God to reward Boaz for his kindness to Ruth and herself.
50RUT220cyy2figs-parallelism0near of kin to us, one of our kinsman-redeemersThe second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
51RUT220zu5f0kinsman-redeemersA kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative who could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery.
52RUT221g5850keep close to my young menBoaz was referring to the physical protection his men can provide her.
53RUT222f2tw0go out withwork with
54RUT222bcc40come to harmPossible meanings are 1) other workers might abuse Ruth or try to seize her and sleep with her or 2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning until the end of the harvest.
55RUT223e2vq0she stayed closeRuth worked in Boaz's fields with his workers during the day, so she would be safe.
56RUT223a7qp0She lived with her mother-in-lawRuth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night.
57RUT31r7ar0mother-in-lawNaomi is the mother of Ruth's dead husband.
58RUT31f1uc0My daughterRuth became Naomi's daughter by marrying her son and further by her actions in caring for Naomi after returning to Bethlehem.
59RUT31uw2pfigs-metaphor0a place for you to restPossible meanings are 1) literally in finding a house for her to live in or 2) figuratively in finding a husband to care for her. Naomi probably had both senses in mind. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
60RUT32nd8v0LookThis term indicates that the following statement is very important.
61RUT32ms250winnowingTo winnow means to separate grain from the unwanted chaff by tossing both the grain and chaff into the air, allowing the wind to blow the chaff away.
62RUT33ru6z0anoint yourselfThis is probably a reference to rubbing sweet-smelling oil on oneself, much as women put on perfume today.
63RUT33e92hfigs-idiom0go down to the threshing floorThis refers to leaving the city and heading to the threshing area. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
64RUT34ln1mtranslate-symaction0uncover his feetThis means to remove the cloak or blanket covering his feet so that they would be exposed to the cold. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
65RUT34l4we0lie down therelie down at his feet
66RUT34w1u50Then he will tell you what to doThe specific custom of that time is unclear, but this is usually understood as a culturally acceptable way for a woman to tell a man that she was willing to marry him. Boaz would understand the custom and accept or reject her offer.
67RUT34nn4g0Then he willWhen he wakes up, he will
68RUT37eq2u0uncovered his feetremoved his blanket from his feet
69RUT37pb6l0lay downlay down at his feet
70RUT38pz920It came aboutThis phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
71RUT38qsm20at midnightin the middle of the night
72RUT38xun60was startledIt is not clear what startled Boaz. Perhaps he suddenly felt the cold air on his feet.
73RUT38c23jfigs-idiom0He turned overHe looked to see what startled him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
74RUT38e7ui0a woman was lying at his feetThe woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness.
75RUT39wj9e0your female servantRuth spoke with humility to Boaz.
76RUT39l5g40near kinsmana close relative with special responsibilities toward their extended family
77RUT310bjw90more kindness in the latter end than at the beginningeven more kindness now than before
78RUT310e7ka0more kindness in the latter endThis refers to Ruth asking Boaz to marry her. By marrying Naomi's relative, Ruth would provide for Naomi and demonstrate great kindness to Naomi.
79RUT310cbd30at the beginningThis refers to the way Ruth had earlier provided for her mother-in-law by staying with her and gleaning grain for food for them.
80RUT311ei930my daughterBoaz used this expression as a sign of respect toward Ruth as a younger woman.
81RUT312fvq50kinsman nearer than IIt was the duty of the closest male relative to help the widow.
82RUT313gcl8figs-explicit0if he will perform for you the duty of a kinsmanBoaz is referring to the expectation that the closest male relative of Ruth's dead husband would marry her and help carry on his family name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
83RUT314vn8p0she lay at his feetRuth slept at Boaz' feet. They did not have sex.
84RUT315hj1e0shawla piece of cloth worn over the shoulders
85RUT315f5zg0six large measures of barleyThe actual amount is not stated. It was enough to be considered generous, yet small enough for Ruth to carry alone. Some think it was about 30 kilograms.
86RUT315gdn80put the load on herThe amount of grain was so great that Ruth needed help picking it up to carry it.
87RUT316w9p90all that the man had doneall that Boaz had done
88RUT318u5rn0finished this thingThis refers to the decision about who will buy Naomi's property and marry Ruth.
89RUT41kz1g0the near kinsmanThis was the closest living relative to Elimelek.
90RUT42bf740elders of the cityleaders of the city
91RUT43es9g0Naomi ... is selling the parcel of landIt was the responsibility of the kinsman to buy back his relative's land and to care for his family. In this case, it meant the man must buy Naomi's land, marry Ruth, and care for Naomi.
92RUT44c6xi0in the presence ofThis would make the transaction legal and binding.
93RUT44lgq10redeem itThis meant to buy the land to keep it within their family.
94RUT44u5480I am after youBoaz was the next kinsman in line to redeem the land.
95RUT45ut230On the day that you buy ... you must alsoBoaz uses this expression to inform his relative of the additional responsibility he will have if he buys the land.
96RUT45b3ps0Ruth ... the widow of a dead manRuth ... the widow of Elimelek's son
97RUT45b3sy0to raise up the name of the deadthat she may have a son to inherit the property and carry on the name of her dead husband
98RUT46sx9k0damaging my own inheritanceHe would have to give some of his own wealth to the children that Ruth might bear.
99RUT47wga9writing-background0Now this was the customThe writer of the book explains of the custom of exchange during the time of Ruth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
100RUT47xdr70his shoehis sandal
101RUT47d46w0his neighborThis refers to the person with whom he was making the agreement. In this situation the near kinsman gave Boaz his shoe.
102RUT49zz420to the elders and to all the peopleThis refers to all the people who were present at the meeting place, not to everyone in the town.
103RUT49img50all that was Elimelek's and all that was Kilion's and Mahlon'sThis refers to all the land and possessions of Naomi's dead husband and sons.
104RUT410xpu50the gate of his placeThe gate of the town is where important legal decisions were made, such as decisions about who owns a piece of land.
105RUT411ua2a0people who were in the gatepeople who were meeting together near the gate
106RUT411hg6qfigs-metaphor0come into your houseThis has literal and figurative meaning. As Ruth marries Boaz, she will move into his house. House can also refer to becoming part of Boaz's family by being his wife. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
107RUT411q47m0like Rachel and LeahThese were the two wives of Jacob, whose name was changed to Israel.
108RUT411cz4t0built up the house of Israelbore many children who became the nation of Israel
109RUT411uk9q0may you prosper in EphrathahEphrathah is the name of the clan to which Boaz belonged in Bethlehem.
110RUT412fn52figs-metaphor0May your house be likeGod abundantly blessed Judah through his son Perez. The people were asking God to bless Boaz in a similar way through Ruth's children. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
111RUT412a4330Tamar bore to JudahTamar was also a widow. Judah fathered a son with her, which continued the family name.
112RUT412xym80through the offspring that Yahweh will give youYahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth.
113RUT414p8p30May his name be famousThis refers to the reputation and character of Naomi's grandson.
114RUT415z5lw0a nourisher of your old agehe will take care of you when you become old
115RUT416k1w40Naomi took the childThis refers to Naomi holding the child. Make sure it does not sound like she took him away from Ruth.
116RUT419rl3ktranslate-names0Hezron ... Ram(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])