Joel's edits to UHG v.1 (#407)

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Joel D. Ruark 2018-05-15 07:14:39 +00:00 committed by Gogs
parent 546e785da6
commit fbdde74639
4 changed files with 25 additions and 31 deletions

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@ -9,9 +9,7 @@ Summary
-------
Conjunctions connect words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs. The most common conjunctions in English are
"and," "or," "but," and "for." Some
:ref:`particle`\s
in Biblical Hebrew are closely related to conjunctions.
"and," "or," "but," and "for." Some :ref:`particles<particle>` in Biblical Hebrew are closely related to conjunctions.
Article
-------
@ -26,23 +24,18 @@ components, but rather as a single grammatical entity with its own range
of meanings which may or may not be different than the individual
component words.
Generally, there are eight different kinds of conjunctions in Biblical Hebrew: conjunctive ("and"); alternative ("or");
contrastive ("but"); causal ("for"); conditional ("if"); concessive ("except"); affirmative ("surely"); restrictive ("only").
Many conjunctions in Biblical Hebrew have potential to function in multiple categories.
-וְ
---
Sentences in Biblical Hebrew often begin with the conjunction ו (as
either a consonant or a shureq vowel). This conjunction וְ ("and")
cannot stand alone as an independent word but must be connected to
another word as a prefix. This can be added to a
:ref:`noun`,
a
:ref:`verb`,
a
:ref:`pronoun`,
or a
:ref:`particle`.
The shewa in וְ can lengthen to a vowel, usually pathah (when paired
with the definite article) or qamets (when paired with both the article
and a ה prefix), but others are also possible.
Sentences in Biblical Hebrew often begin with the conjunction ו (as either a consonant or a shureq vowel).
This conjunction וְ ("and") cannot stand alone as an independent word but must be connected to another word as a prefix.
This can be added to a :ref:`noun<noun>`, a :ref:`verb<verb>`, a :ref:`pronoun<pronoun>`, or a :ref:`particle<particle>`.
The shewa in וְ can lengthen to a vowel, usually pathah (when paired with the definite article) or qamets
(when paired with both the article and a ה prefix), but others are also possible.
.. note:: This conjunction is often left untranslated when it begins a
sentence or clause, or when it appears within the sequential verbal
@ -198,7 +191,7 @@ expresses purpose and one that expresses result. When כִּי functions as
a causal conjunction, it is often translated into English simply as
"for", which can express either purpose or result.
Expresses purpose
expresses purpose
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This means to express the purpose, reason, or cause for an action/event.
@ -216,7 +209,7 @@ In English, this kind of causal conjunction is usually translated as
"Then Yahweh God said to the snake, ""**Because** you did this, I will
curse you."""
Expresses result
expresses result
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This means to express the result or intended outcome of an action/event.
@ -237,7 +230,7 @@ This is also a very common use of the word כִּי in Biblical Hebrew. This
conjunction can describe either a hypothetical condition or an actual
condition, as determined by the context.
Expresses a hypothetical condition
expresses a hypothetical condition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A hypothetical condition expresses an imaginary action or event that has
@ -257,7 +250,7 @@ desirability.
"**If** you meet any man, do not greet him, and **if** anyone greets
you, do not answer him."
Expresses an actual condition
expresses an actual condition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
An actual condition expresses an action or event that has actually
@ -293,7 +286,7 @@ meaning of the word in any specific instance.
her name will be Sarah."
אִם
---
----
.. note:: Like the word כִּי, the word אִם in Biblical Hebrew is also
extremely flexible in its meaning. If in doubt, it is recommended to
@ -311,7 +304,7 @@ various other particles to form different compound conjunctions.
Therefore, this word must be translated always with senstivity to the
context to express the correct nuance.
Expresses a hypothetical condition
expresses a hypothetical condition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A hypothetical condition expresses an imaginary action or event that has
@ -337,7 +330,7 @@ an actual condition.
**Though**\ \_stood Moses and-Samuel before-me
**Even if** Moses or Samuel were standing in front of me
Expresses an actual condition
expresses an actual condition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
An actual condition expresses an action or event that has actually
@ -368,7 +361,7 @@ something that has happened in the past in certain circumstances.
"**If** he said, 'The speckled animals will be your wages,' then all
the flock bore speckled young."
Disjunctive
Alternative
~~~~~~~~~~~
This use of the conjunction אִם is often found in a question and is
@ -382,7 +375,7 @@ usually translated as "or" in English.
Are you for us **or** for our enemies?
וְעַתָּה
--------
----
The word עַתָּה ("now") in Biblical Hebrew often functions as a temporal adverb
in a sentence. However, when עַתָּה appears at the beginning of a

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
In Biblical Hebrew, participles are :ref:`non-finite<verb-non-finite>` verbal forms that can change their form based on
:ref:`stem formation<stem>` (like :ref:`verbs<verb>`) as well as person, gender, state, and :ref:`defniteness<definiteness>`
:ref:`stem formation<stem>` (like :ref:`verbs<verb>`) as well as person, gender, state, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`
(like both :ref:`adjectives<adjective>` and :ref:`nouns<noun>`).
Participles are very flexible in their grammatical use and can function as a verbal complement, a
:ref:`finite<verb-finite>` main verb, an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`, or a :ref:`noun<noun>`.

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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ determined by the context.
.. note:: The subject of a verbal participle usually
precedes the participle, in contrast to the normal conventions of
:ref:`word_order`.
:ref:`word order<word_order>`.
.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 3:8 expressing frequentive action
@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ Functions as an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
An adjectival participle immediately follows the noun it describes, and matches that noun in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
An adjectival participle can either function as an :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjective by itself
or introduce an entire clause that functions as an adjective (either attributive or :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>`).
An adjectival participle can either function as an adjective by itself or introduce an entire clause
that functions as an adjective (either :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` or :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>`).
.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 4:24 a participle functioning by itself as an adjective

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@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ Participle Passive
Summary
-------
A passive participle is a non-finite verbal form with passive or reflexive voice that can function as a :ref:`verb<verb>`(or verbal complement), an adjective, or a noun.
A passive participle is a non-finite verbal form with passive or reflexive voice that can function as a
:ref:`verb<verb>`(or verbal complement), an adjective, or a noun.
In Biblical Hebrew, passive participles most often function as either an :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjective or a :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>` adjective.
Article