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Joel's edits (#488)
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Joel D. Ruark
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@ -8,17 +8,13 @@ Suffix Pronominal
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Summary
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-------
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Pronominal Suffixes are suffixes that refer to a person or an object at
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the end of a noun, a particle, a verb, or a direct object marker. This
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suffix can have the meaning of a genitive (such as possession), a direct
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object, or an indirect object.
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Pronominal suffixes refer to a person(s) or thing(s) and can be attached to nouns, verbs, prepositions, participles,
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infinitives, even some particles. A pronominal suffix nearly always functions as either a personal pronoun (for example,
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"I" or "me" in English) or a possessive pronoun (for example, "my" or "mine" in English).
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Article
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-------
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Form
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----
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Pronominal
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:ref:`suffix`
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refer to a person or an object and can therefore be
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@ -39,16 +35,10 @@ The person or object to which the suffix refers can indicate possession
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(as with nouns), or be a direct or indirect object (as with prepositions
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and verbs), depending on the context.
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.. _suffix_pronominal-nouns:
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Form
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----
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:ref:`noun`
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-----------
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Nouns must be in the
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:ref:`state_construct`
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form before a pronominal suffix can be added, and having a pronominal
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suffix automatically makes the noun
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:ref:`state_determined-pronominal-suffix`.
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Paradigm
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~~~~~~~~
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@ -83,8 +73,19 @@ Paradigm
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masculine plural third person,סוּסֵיהֶם,susehem,their horses
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feminine plural third person,סוּסֵיהֶן,susehen,their horses
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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Function
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-----------
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.. _suffix_pronominal-nouns:
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Attached to a :ref:`noun<noun>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Nouns must be in the
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:ref:`state_construct`
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form before a pronominal suffix can be added, and having a pronominal
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suffix automatically makes the noun
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:ref:`state_determined-pronominal-suffix`.
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.. csv-table:: Example: 2SA 17:23
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@ -113,224 +114,8 @@ Examples
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.. _suffix_pronominal-prepositions:
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Prepositions
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------------
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Form
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~~~~
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The forms that pronominal suffixes take after a preposition can differ
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slightly, but never much, from the standard suffixes in the
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:ref:`noun_common-paradigm`
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above.
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ב
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^
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In, into
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.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 25:28
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וְרָעָ֛ה לֹא־תִמָּצֵ֥א **בְךָ֖** מִיָּמֶֽיךָ׃
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wera'ah lo-thimmatse **vekha** miyyameykha
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and-evil not\_will-be-found **in-you** from-your-days
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and evil will not be found **in you** so long as you live.
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.. csv-table:: Example: JOB 39:12
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הֲתַאֲמִ֣ין בֹּ֖ו
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hatha'amin **bow**
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Do-you-believe **in-him**
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Will you depend **on him**?
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כ
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^
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Like, just as
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.. csv-table:: Example: 2KI 17:15
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אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י עֲשֹׂ֥ות כָּהֶֽם׃
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'asher tsiwwah yehwah 'otham levilti 'asowth **kahem**
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"whom had-commanded Yahweh [dir.obj]-them to-abstain doing
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**like-them**"
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those that Yahweh had commanded them not to do **like them**.
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.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 46:9
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וְאֶ֥פֶס **כָּמֹֽונִי**\ ׃
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we'efes **kamowni**
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and no-one **like-me**
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and there is no one **like me**.
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ל and אֶל
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^^^^^^^^^
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To, toward
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Possession
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''''''''''
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.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 19:5
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כִּי־\ **לִ֖י** כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
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ki-\ **li** kol-ha'arets
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for\_\ **to-me** all\_the-earth
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for all the earth is **mine**.
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Indirect Object
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'''''''''''''''
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.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 9:13
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וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו
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we'amarta **'elayw**
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and-say **to-him**
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and say **to him**
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.. csv-table:: Example: JDG 11:36
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וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו
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wattomer **'elayw**
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And-she-said **to-him**
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She said **to him**
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עַל
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^^^
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On, upon, over
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.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 17:14
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אָשִׂ֤ימָה **עָלַי֙** מֶ֔לֶךְ
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'asimah **'alay** melekh
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I-will-set **over-me** king
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I will set a king **over myself**
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.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 62:5
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יָשִׂ֥ישׂ **עָלַ֖יִךְ** אֱלֹהָֽיִךְ׃
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yasis **'alayikh** 'elohayikh
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he-will-rejoice **over-you** your-God.
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your God will rejoice **over you**.
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אַחַר
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^^^^^
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After, behind
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.. csv-table:: Example: 2CH 8:8
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אֲשֶׁ֨ר נֹותְר֤וּ **אַחֲרֵיהֶם֙** בָּאָ֔רֶץ
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'asher nowthru **'aharehem** ba'arets
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who were-left **after-them** in-the-land
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who were left **after them** in the land
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.. csv-table:: Example: JER 9:16 (JER 9:15 in Hebrew)
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וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֤י **אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙** אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב
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weshillahti **'aharehem** 'eth-haherev
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and-I-will-send-out **after-them** [dir.obj]\_the-sword
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I will send out a sword **after them**
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תַּחַת
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^^^^^^
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Beneath, under, in place of
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.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 28:23
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וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־\ **תַּחְתֶּ֖יךָ** בַּרְזֶֽל׃
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weha'arets 'asher-**tahteykha** barzel
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and-the-earth which\_\ **under-you** will-be-iron.
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and the earth that is **under you** will be iron.
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.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 47:3 (PSA 47:4 in Hebrew)
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יַדְבֵּ֣ר עַמִּ֣ים תַּחְתֵּ֑ינוּ
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yadber 'ammim **tahtenu**
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He-will-drive-back peoples **beneath-us**
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He subdues peoples **under us**
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עַד
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^^^
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Unto, until, as far as
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.. csv-table:: Example: NUM 23:18
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הַאֲזִ֥ינָה **עָדַ֖י** בְּנֹ֥ו צִפֹּֽר׃
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ha'azinah **'aday** benow tsippor
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Listen **unto-me** son-of Zippor.
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"Listen **to me**, you son of Zippor."
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.. csv-table:: Example: AMO 4:10
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וְלֹֽא־שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם עָדַ֖י
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welo-shavtem **'aday**
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And-not you-have-returned **unto-me**
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Yet you have not returned **to me**
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מִן
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^^^
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From
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.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 22:12
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וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ אֶת־יְחִידְךָ֖ **מִמֶּֽנִּי**\ ׃
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welo hasakhta 'eth-binkha 'eth-yehidekha **mimmenni**
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"and-not you-witheld [dir.obj]\_your-son [dir.obj]\_your-only
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**from-me**."
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"you have not withheld your son, your only son, **from me**."
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.. csv-table:: Example: 1CH 29:14
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כִּֽי־\ **מִמְּךָ֣** הַכֹּ֔ל
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ki-\ **mimmekha** hakkol
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for\_\ **from-you** the-all
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all things come **from you**
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עִם
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^^^
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With
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.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 50:18
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וַתִּ֣רֶץ עִמֹּ֑ו
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wattirets **'immow**
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and-you-are-pleased **with-him**
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you agree **with him**
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.. csv-table:: Example: ZEC 14:5
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כָּל־קְדֹשִׁ֖ים **עִמָּֽךְ**\ ׃
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kol-qedoshim **'immakh**
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all\_holy-ones **with-him**
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all the holy ones will be **with him**
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אֵת
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^^^
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With
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.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 12:4
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שְׂפָתֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֑נוּ
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sefathenu **'ittanu**
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our-lips **with-us**.
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our lips speak and they **make us prevail**.
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.. csv-table:: Example: PRO 1:11
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לְכָ֪ה אִ֫תָּ֥נוּ
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lekhah **'ittanu**
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walk **with-us**
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come **with us**
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:ref:`verb`
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Attached to a finite :ref:`verb`
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--------------------------------
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Form
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~~~~
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@ -372,8 +157,231 @@ for the :ref:`infinitive_absolute`.
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.. _suffix_pronominal-with-a-direct-object-marker:
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With a :ref:`particle_direct_object_marker` (אֵת)
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Attached to a :ref:`preposition<preposition>`
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Form
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~~~~
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The forms that pronominal suffixes take after a preposition can differ
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slightly, but never much, from the standard suffixes in the
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:ref:`noun_common-paradigm`
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above.
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בְּ
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 25:28
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וְרָעָ֛ה לֹא־תִמָּצֵ֥א **בְךָ֖** מִיָּמֶֽיךָ׃
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wera'ah lo-thimmatse **vekha** miyyameykha
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and-evil not\_will-be-found **in-you** from-your-days
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and evil will not be found **in you** so long as you live.
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.. csv-table:: Example: JOB 39:12
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הֲתַאֲמִ֣ין בֹּ֖ו
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hatha'amin **bow**
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Do-you-believe **in-him**
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Will you depend **on him**?
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כְּ
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: 2KI 17:15
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אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י עֲשֹׂ֥ות כָּהֶֽם׃
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'asher tsiwwah yehwah 'otham levilti 'asowth **kahem**
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"whom had-commanded Yahweh [dir.obj]-them to-abstain doing
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**like-them**"
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those that Yahweh had commanded them not to do **like them**.
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.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 46:9
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וְאֶ֥פֶס **כָּמֹֽונִי**\ ׃
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we'efes **kamowni**
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and no-one **like-me**
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and there is no one **like me**.
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לְ and אֶל
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^^^^^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 19:5
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כִּי־\ **לִ֖י** כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
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ki-\ **li** kol-ha'arets
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for\_\ **to-me** all\_the-earth
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for all the earth is **mine**.
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.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 9:13
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וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֵלָ֗יו
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we'amarta **'elayw**
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and-say **to-him**
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and say **to him**
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.. csv-table:: Example: JDG 11:36
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וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו
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wattomer **'elayw**
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And-she-said **to-him**
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She said **to him**
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עַל
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 17:14
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אָשִׂ֤ימָה **עָלַי֙** מֶ֔לֶךְ
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'asimah **'alay** melekh
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I-will-set **over-me** king
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I will set a king **over myself**
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.. csv-table:: Example: ISA 62:5
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יָשִׂ֥ישׂ **עָלַ֖יִךְ** אֱלֹהָֽיִךְ׃
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yasis **'alayikh** 'elohayikh
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he-will-rejoice **over-you** your-God.
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your God will rejoice **over you**.
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אַחַר
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: 2CH 8:8
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אֲשֶׁ֨ר נֹותְר֤וּ **אַחֲרֵיהֶם֙** בָּאָ֔רֶץ
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'asher nowthru **'aharehem** ba'arets
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who were-left **after-them** in-the-land
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who were left **after them** in the land
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.. csv-table:: Example: JER 9:16 (JER 9:15 in Hebrew)
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וְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֤י **אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙** אֶת־הַחֶ֔רֶב
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weshillahti **'aharehem** 'eth-haherev
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and-I-will-send-out **after-them** [dir.obj]\_the-sword
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I will send out a sword **after them**
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תַּחַת
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 28:23
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וְהָאָ֥רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־\ **תַּחְתֶּ֖יךָ** בַּרְזֶֽל׃
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weha'arets 'asher-**tahteykha** barzel
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and-the-earth which\_\ **under-you** will-be-iron.
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and the earth that is **under you** will be iron.
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.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 47:3 (PSA 47:4 in Hebrew)
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יַדְבֵּ֣ר עַמִּ֣ים תַּחְתֵּ֑ינוּ
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yadber 'ammim **tahtenu**
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He-will-drive-back peoples **beneath-us**
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He subdues peoples **under us**
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עַד
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: NUM 23:18
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הַאֲזִ֥ינָה **עָדַ֖י** בְּנֹ֥ו צִפֹּֽר׃
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ha'azinah **'aday** benow tsippor
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Listen **unto-me** son-of Zippor.
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"Listen **to me**, you son of Zippor."
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.. csv-table:: Example: AMO 4:10
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וְלֹֽא־שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם עָדַ֖י
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welo-shavtem **'aday**
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And-not you-have-returned **unto-me**
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Yet you have not returned **to me**
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מִן
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^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 22:12
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|
||||
וְלֹ֥א חָשַׂ֛כְתָּ אֶת־בִּנְךָ֥ אֶת־יְחִידְךָ֖ **מִמֶּֽנִּי**\ ׃
|
||||
welo hasakhta 'eth-binkha 'eth-yehidekha **mimmenni**
|
||||
"and-not you-witheld [dir.obj]\_your-son [dir.obj]\_your-only
|
||||
**from-me**."
|
||||
"you have not withheld your son, your only son, **from me**."
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: 1CH 29:14
|
||||
|
||||
כִּֽי־\ **מִמְּךָ֣** הַכֹּ֔ל
|
||||
ki-\ **mimmekha** hakkol
|
||||
for\_\ **from-you** the-all
|
||||
all things come **from you**
|
||||
|
||||
עִם
|
||||
^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 50:18
|
||||
|
||||
וַתִּ֣רֶץ עִמֹּ֑ו
|
||||
wattirets **'immow**
|
||||
and-you-are-pleased **with-him**
|
||||
you agree **with him**
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: ZEC 14:5
|
||||
|
||||
כָּל־קְדֹשִׁ֖ים **עִמָּֽךְ**\ ׃
|
||||
kol-qedoshim **'immakh**
|
||||
all\_holy-ones **with-him**
|
||||
all the holy ones will be **with him**
|
||||
|
||||
אֵת
|
||||
^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: PSA 12:4
|
||||
|
||||
שְׂפָתֵ֣ינוּ אִתָּ֑נוּ
|
||||
sefathenu **'ittanu**
|
||||
our-lips **with-us**.
|
||||
our lips speak and they **make us prevail**.
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: PRO 1:11
|
||||
|
||||
לְכָ֪ה אִ֫תָּ֥נוּ
|
||||
lekhah **'ittanu**
|
||||
walk **with-us**
|
||||
come **with us**
|
||||
|
||||
Attached to a participle
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH
|
||||
|
||||
Attached to an infinitive construct
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH
|
||||
|
||||
as object of the infinitive
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
When attached to an infinitive construct, the pronominal suffix can function as the object of the verbal action.
|
||||
|
||||
EXAMPLE
|
||||
|
||||
as subject of the infinitive
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
When attached to an infinitive construct, the pronominal suffix can function as the subject of the verbal action described by
|
||||
the infinitive. In these cases, often the object of the infinitive will appear immediately after with the direct object marker.
|
||||
|
||||
EXAMPLE
|
||||
|
||||
Attached to a particle
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH
|
||||
|
||||
the :ref:`direct object marker<particle_direct_object_marker>` (אֵת)
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 17:9
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -388,3 +396,15 @@ With a :ref:`particle_direct_object_marker` (אֵת)
|
|||
we'attem 'azavtem **'owthi**
|
||||
And-you have-left **[dir.obj]-me**
|
||||
Yet you abandoned **me**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
the particle הִנֵּה
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
as object of the particle
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
as subject of a following participle
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue