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Update 'content/adjective_cardinal_number/02.md'
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Joel D. Ruark
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# adjective_cardinal_number Article
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Biblical Hebrew does not contain numerals ("1", "2", "3", etc.) but rather uses words to express numbers. There are two different kinds of numbers: cardinal numbers and [ordinal numbers](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_ordinal_number/02.md). Cardinal numbers are used either to express the name of a number itself or to express the quantity of a thing. Cardinal numbers function as [attributive adjectives](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_attributive/02.md), but they may not always have the same grammatical form (gender, number, definiteness) as the noun they describe.
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Biblical Hebrew does not contain numerals ("1", "2", "3", etc.) but rather uses words to express numbers. There are two different kinds of numbers: cardinal numbers and [ordinal numbers](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_ordinal_number/02.md). Cardinal numbers are used either to express the name of a number itself or to express the quantity of a thing. Cardinal numbers function as [attributive adjectives](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_attributive/02.md), but they may not always have the same grammatical form (gender, number, definiteness) as the noun they describe. As with other adjectives in Biblical Hebrew, a cardinal number can function as a noun and can appear in the [absolute state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_absolute/02.md), the [construct state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md), and/or the [determined state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_determined/02.md).
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NOTE: Sometimes a cardinal form ("one", "two", "three", etc.) is used, but an ordinal meaning ("first", "second", "third", etc.) is clearly indicated from the context.
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## One
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## "One"
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### Form
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#### Paradigm "one"
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<tr class="row-odd"><th>word</th><th>Hebrew</th><th>Transliteration</th><th>Gloss</th>
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</tr>
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@ -24,10 +22,7 @@ NOTE: Sometimes a cardinal form ("one", "two", "three", etc.) is used, but an or
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Attributive
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The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective/02.md#attributive). This means if it follows its noun, it matches its gender and definiteness.
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#### Without the [article](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/preposition_definite_article/02.md)
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### Examples
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* JDG 18:19
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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@ -63,13 +58,7 @@ The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.or
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</tbody>
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</table>
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#### With the [article](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/preposition_definite_article/02.md)
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### Substantive
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“One” can also be substantive. This means it acts like a noun when there is no noun.
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* GEN 19:9
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* GEN 19:9 –– cardinal number "one" functioning as a noun
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<colgroup>
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<col width="100%" />
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@ -86,13 +75,11 @@ The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.or
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## Two
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## "Two"
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### Form
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The Hebrew “two” is substantive. It matches the gender of its noun and is in the [dual](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_dual/02.md) form. It will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md).
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#### Paradigm "two"
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As would be expected, the number “two” in Biblical Hebrew always takes the [dual](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_dual/02.md) form.
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<tr class="row-odd"><th>word</th><th>Hebrew</th><th>Transliteration</th><th>Gloss</th>
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@ -165,17 +152,11 @@ Otherwise, it can be in the [absolute](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/
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</tbody>
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</table>
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## Three through ten
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## "Three" through "Ten"
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### Form
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### Form
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Three through ten use the opposite gender of their noun. (For example, [feminine nouns](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/gender_feminine/02.md) use a [masculine form](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/gender_masculine/02.md) of the number.)
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They usually lack a [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) ending.
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They will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md). Otherwise, they can be in the [absolute](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_absolute/02.md) form. These also usually precede the noun.
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#### Paradigm 3-10
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NOTE: When these numbers take a [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) ending, they become multiples of ten ("thirty", "forty", "fifty", etc.) rather than simple muiltiples as might be expected ("threes", "fours", "fives", etc.).
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<tr class="row-odd"><th>word</th><th>Hebrew</th><th>Transliteration</th><th>Gloss</th>
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@ -247,7 +228,7 @@ They will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Exmaples
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### Examples
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* JOB 1:2
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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@ -292,10 +273,9 @@ Exceptions of three through ten with plural endings include JOS 21:18.
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### Form
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11-19 and multiples of ten usually precede the noun. If the number precedes the noun, the noun is [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) except for common nouns such as יוֹם ,נָ֫פֶשׁ ,אּישׁ.
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The word for “ten” matches the gender of the noun, but the word for the smaller digit is the opposite gender.
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The numbers 11-19 are formed by simply writing numbers 1-9 followed by 10. So 11 is "one ten" and 17 is "seven ten". They are sometimes connected with a horizontal line (maqqeef).
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The numbers 11-19 are formed by simply writing numbers 1-9 followed by 10. Thus, in Biblical Hebrew the number "eleven" is written as "one ten"; the number "seventeen" is written as "seven ten", etc.
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#### Paradigm 11-19
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