diff --git a/content/adjective_cardinal_number/02.md b/content/adjective_cardinal_number/02.md index eb2eab1..0abfc80 100644 --- a/content/adjective_cardinal_number/02.md +++ b/content/adjective_cardinal_number/02.md @@ -1,15 +1,13 @@ # adjective_cardinal_number Article -Biblical Hebrew does not contain numerals ("1", "2", "3", etc.) but rather uses words to express numbers. There are two different kinds of numbers: cardinal numbers and [ordinal numbers](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_ordinal_number/02.md). Cardinal numbers are used either to express the name of a number itself or to express the quantity of a thing. Cardinal numbers function as [attributive adjectives](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_attributive/02.md), but they may not always have the same grammatical form (gender, number, definiteness) as the noun they describe. +Biblical Hebrew does not contain numerals ("1", "2", "3", etc.) but rather uses words to express numbers. There are two different kinds of numbers: cardinal numbers and [ordinal numbers](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_ordinal_number/02.md). Cardinal numbers are used either to express the name of a number itself or to express the quantity of a thing. Cardinal numbers function as [attributive adjectives](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective_attributive/02.md), but they may not always have the same grammatical form (gender, number, definiteness) as the noun they describe. As with other adjectives in Biblical Hebrew, a cardinal number can function as a noun and can appear in the [absolute state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_absolute/02.md), the [construct state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md), and/or the [determined state](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_determined/02.md). NOTE: Sometimes a cardinal form ("one", "two", "three", etc.) is used, but an ordinal meaning ("first", "second", "third", etc.) is clearly indicated from the context. -## One +## "One" ### Form -#### Paradigm "one" - @@ -24,10 +22,7 @@ NOTE: Sometimes a cardinal form ("one", "two", "three", etc.) is used, but an or
wordHebrewTransliterationGloss
-### Attributive -The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adjective/02.md#attributive). This means if it follows its noun, it matches its gender and definiteness. - -#### Without the [article](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/preposition_definite_article/02.md) +### Examples * JDG 18:19 @@ -63,13 +58,7 @@ The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.or
-#### With the [article](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/preposition_definite_article/02.md) - -### Substantive - -“One” can also be substantive. This means it acts like a noun when there is no noun. - -* GEN 19:9 +* GEN 19:9 –– cardinal number "one" functioning as a noun @@ -86,13 +75,11 @@ The Hebrew “one” is usually an [attributive adjective](https://git.door43.or
-## Two +## "Two" ### Form -The Hebrew “two” is substantive. It matches the gender of its noun and is in the [dual](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_dual/02.md) form. It will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md). - -#### Paradigm "two" +As would be expected, the number “two” in Biblical Hebrew always takes the [dual](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_dual/02.md) form. @@ -165,17 +152,11 @@ Otherwise, it can be in the [absolute](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/
wordHebrewTransliterationGloss
-## Three through ten +## "Three" through "Ten" -### Form +### Form -Three through ten use the opposite gender of their noun. (For example, [feminine nouns](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/gender_feminine/02.md) use a [masculine form](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/gender_masculine/02.md) of the number.) - -They usually lack a [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) ending. - -They will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_construct/02.md). Otherwise, they can be in the [absolute](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/state_absolute/02.md) form. These also usually precede the noun. - -#### Paradigm 3-10 +NOTE: When these numbers take a [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) ending, they become multiples of ten ("thirty", "forty", "fifty", etc.) rather than simple muiltiples as might be expected ("threes", "fours", "fives", etc.). @@ -247,7 +228,7 @@ They will precede a noun if the number is in [construct](https://git.door43.org/
wordHebrewTransliterationGloss
-### Exmaples +### Examples * JOB 1:2 @@ -292,10 +273,9 @@ Exceptions of three through ten with plural endings include JOS 21:18. ### Form 11-19 and multiples of ten usually precede the noun. If the number precedes the noun, the noun is [plural](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/number_plural/02.md) except for common nouns such as יוֹם ,נָ֫פֶשׁ ,אּישׁ. + -The word for “ten” matches the gender of the noun, but the word for the smaller digit is the opposite gender. - -The numbers 11-19 are formed by simply writing numbers 1-9 followed by 10. So 11 is "one ten" and 17 is "seven ten". They are sometimes connected with a horizontal line (maqqeef). +The numbers 11-19 are formed by simply writing numbers 1-9 followed by 10. Thus, in Biblical Hebrew the number "eleven" is written as "one ten"; the number "seventeen" is written as "seven ten", etc. #### Paradigm 11-19