Joel's edits to UHG v.1 (#412)
This commit is contained in:
parent
19fde8a61b
commit
44a24043b1
|
@ -25,45 +25,45 @@ Form
|
|||
This is a brief overview on how to quickly recognize the simplest forms
|
||||
of each stem:
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Qal<stem_qal>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Qal<stem_qal>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
The simplest form of the verb, usually with "a" vowels (qamets or patah).
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Niphal<stem_niphal>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Niphal<stem_niphal>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Adds נִ (nun with hireq) to the beginning of the verb. If the form also
|
||||
adds a prefix (like in the prefix conjugation), the נ disappears and
|
||||
causes the 1st radical to double (with a daghesh).
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Hiphil<stem_hiphil>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Hiphil<stem_hiphil>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Often has הִ (he with hireq) before the verb, or a patah under the
|
||||
letter that the form adds before the root.
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Hophal<stem_hophal>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Hophal<stem_hophal>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Also adds a ה before the verb, but with a qamets hatuf (or sometimes
|
||||
qibbuts) vowel.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Piel<stem_piel>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Piel<stem_piel>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Here the 2nd radical of the verb is doubled (with a daghesh), and
|
||||
usually have a shewa or a hireq under the 1st radical.
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Pual<stem_pual>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Pual<stem_pual>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Also doubles the 2nd radical but often has a qibbuts under the 1st
|
||||
radical.
|
||||
|
||||
:ref:`Hithpael<stem_hithpael>` stem formation
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
:ref:`Hithpael<stem_hithpael>` stem
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
It adds הִתְ (he with hireq and taw with shewa) before the verb, and
|
||||
puts a qamets or patah under the 1st radical.
|
||||
|
@ -172,8 +172,7 @@ Expresses the voice of the verb
|
|||
Active voice
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Active voice means that the subject of the verb is performing the action described by the verb.
|
||||
Most verbs are in the active voice.
|
||||
Active voice means that the subject of the verb is performing the verbal action. Most verbs are in the active voice.
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 16:2
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -186,7 +185,7 @@ Passive voice
|
|||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Passive voice means that the subject of the verb is *receiving* the
|
||||
action rather than *performing* the action. In English, passive voice is
|
||||
verbal action rather than *performing* the verbal action. In English, passive voice is
|
||||
expressed using the helping verb "to be." In Biblical Hebrew, the
|
||||
passive nature of the verbal action is expressed by the stem formation itself without any helping verbs.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ Reflexive voice
|
|||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Reflexive voice means that the subject of the verb is *both* performing
|
||||
*and* receiving the action. In English, reflexive voice is expressed
|
||||
*and* receiving the verbal action. In English, reflexive voice is expressed
|
||||
using a reflexive pronoun as the object of the verb, "I tell *myself*".
|
||||
In Biblical Hebrew, the reflexive nature of the verbal action is
|
||||
expressed by the stem formation of the verb itself without any additional
|
||||
|
@ -217,8 +216,8 @@ words.
|
|||
Middle voice
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Middle voice means that the subject receives the action but also is
|
||||
(partially) involved in performing the action. This kind of action
|
||||
Middle voice means that the subject receives the verbal action but also is
|
||||
(partially) involved in performing the verbal action. Middle voice
|
||||
stands somewhere between passive voice and reflexive voice.
|
||||
|
||||
.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 3:5
|
||||
|
@ -232,7 +231,7 @@ Reciprocal voice
|
|||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
Reciprocal voice means that multiple subjects are in view who are both
|
||||
performing the action for another and receiving the action from another.
|
||||
performing the verbal action for another and receiving the verbal action from another.
|
||||
In English, reciprocal voice is expressed using the phrase "each other"
|
||||
as the object of the verb, "They tell each other." Reciprocal voice must be distinguished from reflexive voice. The phrase
|
||||
"They tell themselves" is reflexive: the subject "they" is a unified
|
||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue