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God is speaking.
When Ephraim spoke
"Ephraim" in this verse means the tribe of Ephraim, which was one of the 10 tribes located in the northern part of Israel. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche)
there was trembling
AT: "there was trembling among the people. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy)
He exalted himself in Israel
"He" refers to the tribe of Ephraim, which became a very influential tribe in the northern kingdom.
but he became guilty because of Baal worship, and he died.
This means that the tribe of Ephraim began worshiping Baal. (UDB) (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy and rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
Now they sin more and more.
"They" means not just the tribe of Ephraim, but the entire nation of Israel (who were all following Ephraim's example).
These men who sacrifice kiss calves
Part of Baal worship is kissing the idol which was an image of a calf. (UDB) (see: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit)