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harbor was not easy to spend the winter in
You can make explicit why it was not easy to stay in the harbor. AT: "harbor did not sufficiently protect docked ships during winter storms" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive)
harbor
a place near land that is usually safe for ships
city of Phoenix
Phoenix is a city port on the south coast of Crete. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names)
to spend the winter there
This speaks about the season of winter as if it were a commodity that someone can spend. AT: "to stay there for the cold season" (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor)
it faces northeast and southeast
Here "faces northeast and southeast" means the opening of the harbor was toward those directions. AT: "it opened to the northeast and southeast"
northeast and southeast
These directions are based on the rising and setting sun. Northeast is a little to the left of the rising sun. Southeast is a little to the right of the rising sun. Some versions say "northwest and southwest."
weighed anchor
Here "weighed" means to pull out of the water. An anchor is a heavy object attached to a rope that is secured to the boat. The anchor is tossed into the water and sinks to the bottom of the sea keeping the ship from drifting about.